INNER SANCTUM VECTOR N360™© | Metaverse by professionalglobaloutreach.com

SPECIAL ISSUE 2022 Summer 2022

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FABIO

VANORIO ENTER THE E H T METAVERSE WITH R E T N E FABIO VANORIO

METAVERSE 4

TECNOLOGY IN THE MAKING DISCLAIMER: This Magazine is designed to provide information, entertainment and motivation to our readers. It does not render any type of political, cybersecurity, computer programming, defense strategy, ethical, legal or any other type of professional advice. It is not intended to, neither should it be construed as a comprehensive evaluation of any topic. The content of this Presentation is the sole expression and opinion of the authors. No warranties or guarantees are expressed or implied by the authors or the Editor. Nither the authors nor the Editor are liable for any physical, psychological, emotional, financial, or commercial damages, including, but not limited to, special, incidental, consequential or other damages. You are responsible for your own choices, actions, and results.

LINDA RESTREPO

PUBLISHER - EDITOR

SUMMER 2022

INNER SANCTUM

VECTOR

N360

LINDA RESTREPO

©™

PUBLISHER - EDITOR

8 8

“ The

Lately, I’ve found myself asking should I really be concerned? virtual and physical worlds are becoming increasingly interconnected, and indistinguishable According to Bloomberg, Chinese-controlled from one another. idea ofYiming, the Metaverse has “ByteDance/TikTok, led The by Zhang emerged convergence. is becoming a describing viable rival this to the dominant American online The Metaverse is aInc.and stage of existence that behemoths, Facebook allows us to liveyear, and TikTok’s exist simultaneously in two Alphabet Inc..” Last worlds, physical and another virtual. The net profit wasone approximately Metaverse is company not parallel with the physical world, $3 billion and the continuing of annihilation of time estimates that itthe hasprocess about 80 and space.active Individuals million monthly users can in be in one place physically and60% in a of different place virtually. the United States, whom are female and 80% Yet theirthe personalities fall between ages of will not be split, but instead, they will act and interact with both environments. 16 and 34.

Of particular concern is that 60% of TikTok users are Gen Z, which is the largest generational cohort in American history and will include 74 million people next year. 1992, in his novel "Snow Crash", Neal Stephenson the Metaverse as a vast As a champion of imagined free markets,I would and be populated virtual that operates not as normally among the firstworld to applaud an a game environment but as system upstart bringing a competitive “A”agame to of digital culture, withoutincumbent limits imposed. Since then, challenge dominant players no matter advancement has allowed the wheretechnological they are based. But we have learned from implementation in real life of different experience that homegrown social networking virtual like worlds. companies Facebook/Instagram, Google, and Twitter exert dominant and controversial influence in U.S. public policy debates – what sort of foreign influence should we expect TikTok to exert on this year’s election.

“

Lately, I’ve found myself asking should I really be concerned?

Among

According to Bloomberg, Chinese-controlled “ByteDance/TikTok, led by Zhang Yiming, is becoming a viable rival to the the broader definitions developed, attractive is dominant American online the description by John Smart, CEO of Foresight behemoths, Facebook Inc.and Company. In his vision, the Metaverse is a Alphabet Inc..” Last year, TikTok’s perpetual and endless multi-user environment net profit was approximately resulting from the convergence of (virtually $3 billion and the company augmented) physical reality and (physically estimates that it has about 80 persistent). million monthly active users in the United States, 60% of whom are female and 80% fall between the ages of 16 and 34.

Prior

Of particular concern is that 60% of iterations of it already exist, such as SimCity, TikTok users are Gen Z, which is the Fortnite, and Cryptovoxels, where technology and largest generational cohort in American culture intersect to create a virtual world where history and will include 74 million people the physical user (transposed virtually via an next year. avatar) can express themselves freely. The COVID-19 pandemic increased dramatically As a champion of free markets,I would discussions about the Metaverse due to the normally be among the first to applaud an dependence on virtual spaces. A standard upstart bringing a competitive “A” game to version of the Metaverse does not yet exist, challenge dominant incumbent players no matter because, by its nature, it is not representable by where they are based. But we have learned from a single entity, many different iterations of the experience that homegrown social networking Metaverse where virtualization, tools, and 3D companies like Facebook/Instagram, Google, and Twitter web objects are embedded in the physical exert dominant and controversial influence in U.S. public environment. policy debates – what sort of foreign influence should we expect TikTok to exert on this year’s election.

“

We can

The virtuality, mixing physical and digital that characterizes the Metaverse, is based on the convergence of Internet and Extended Reality (XR) technologies. According to Milgram's Reality-Virtuality Continuum, XR integrates the digital and physical in varying degrees, ranging from augmented reality (AR) through mixed reality (MR) and ending in virtual reality (VR).

Lately, I’ve found myself asking shoulddistinguish I really be concerned?

three levels.

According to Bloomberg, Chinese-controlled “ByteDance/TikTok, led by Zhang Yiming, The lowestaincludes thetoMetaverse as a is becoming viable rival the single space with online objects, data, and dominant American contents, Facebook dependentInc.and on the tools and behemoths, platforms onLast which it isTikTok’s built. As devices AR, the user is in a real environment Alphabet Inc..” year, more ubiquitous thanks to the netbecome profit was approximately enriched by virtual data, but reality of Things (IoT), many instances $3Internet billion and the company keeps the dominant role over the of the Metaverse estimates that it hasproliferate about 80 as websites additional virtual data. In MR, the user and blogging platforms. million monthly active usersThey in should be moves through an environment where into Multiverses, real and virtual data coexist. In VR, real thegrouped United States, 60% of i.e., categories of Metaverse whom are femalewith andsimilar 80% classification data is completely replaced by virtual type (e.g., Industry 4.0 Metaverse, fallorbetween thethe ages of data. If AR aims to enrich reality with Multiverse, 16the andentertainment-based 34. helpful information to perform complex and so on). tasks, VR seeks to replace the real world with a simulated one. Of particular concern is that 60% of TikTok users are Gen Z, which is the largest generational cohort in American By 2022, Goldman Sachs has history and will include 74 million people estimated the value the Metaverse next year. could produce to range between $2 and so will result in a common set of $12 trillion. According to the investment and would As standards, a championframeworks, of free markets,I bank, the continued growth of the interoperability groups normally be amongforthe first toofapplaud an digital economy (now about 20%, 25% metaverses will increase upstart bringingthat a competitive “A”the game to of the global economy) could open up sharing dominant of content,incumbent data, and players how users challenge no matterroom for development to the virtual can they access At theBut highest level,learned we where areit.based. we have from economy within and parallel to the will have that the Omniverse, thenetworking set of experience homegrowni.e., social digital economy. Bloomberg had been Multiverses by even more companies likecharacterized Facebook/Instagram, Google, and more Twitter cautious, limiting the size of the general interoperability standards exert dominant and controversial influence in U.S. Metaverse public market to $800 billion by across Multiverses. policy debates – what sort of foreign influence should 2024we and about $2.5 trillion by 2030. expect TikTok to exert on this year’s election.

Doi ng

“

Lately, I’ve found myself asking should I really be concerned? According to Bloomberg, Chinese-controlled “ByteDance/TikTok, led by Zhang Yiming, is becoming a viable rival to the dominant American online behemoths, Facebook Inc.and Alphabet Inc..” Last year, TikTok’s net profit was approximately $3 billion and the company estimates that it has about 80 million monthly active users in the United States, 60% of whom are female and 80% fall between the ages of 16 and 34. Of particular concern is that 60% of TikTok users are Gen Z, which is the largest generational cohort in American history and will include 74 million people next year. As a champion of free markets,I would normally be among the first to applaud an upstart bringing a competitive “A” game to challenge dominant incumbent players no matter where they are based. But we have learned from experience that homegrown social networking companies like Facebook/Instagram, Google, and Twitter exert dominant and controversial influence in U.S. public policy debates – what sort of foreign influence should we expect TikTok to exert on this year’s election.

The

Meta-universe, while not definable

as a new "virtual economy," will be able to contribute to the growth of manufacturing (where 3D environments offer ideal design spaces for rapid prototyping and decentralization of production spaces), logistics, and transportation (with Artificial Intelligence offering virtual platforms for the development and testing of autonomous machine behaviors, to be transposed into the physical world) sectors.

W hile

the Metaverse is a digital

mirror of the physical world, the foundation upon which the Metaverse is built is the Digital Twin. According to IBM, “a digital twin is a virtual model designed to accurately reflect a physical object. Although simulations and digital twins both utilize digital models to replicate a system’s various processes, while a simulation typically studies one particular process, a digital twin can itself run any number of useful simulations to study multiple processes.” Dragging and dropping a digital twin into the Metaverse allows us to fully recreate the physical object with live data and insert it into the rest of the rendered world (i.e., based on very realistic artificial images from computer-processed 3D models).

Thi s

means it will behave exactly as it

does in the real world. An example could be Google Street View, viewed through a pair of AR glasses, updated live, and accessible from anywhere. To better understand the sustainable direction of the Metaverse, it is appropriate to dwell on the so-called “ubiquitous computing” or Internet of Things (IoT).

Through

sensors and

intelligent devices, the IoT allows the physical and virtual to interact with each other. In the broader spectrum identified by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), IoT technology is associated with new advanced areas such as Big Data, Machine Learning, and Artificial Intelligence, resulting in growth in capability, complexity, and scope. Additionally, several advanced enabling capabilities, such as 5G and edge computing, will likely expand XR applications by improving data rates user capability and reducing latency, improvements that could support large-scale networked applications.

The

C oncerns

among industry about the The meta-universe, whileinsiders not definable as aMetaverse's new total capacity if commercial interests "virtual economy," will to besucceed able to contribute to the are placed above(where creative3Dones during its growth of manufacturing development. Twitter founder Jack environments offer ideal design spaces for Dorsey rapid and SpaceX Tesla CEO Elon Musk have prototyping and and decentralization of production expressed their doubts about (with theInMetaverse, AR, the user is in a real spaces), The logistics, virtuality,and mixing transportation physical warning venture capital funds’ role environment enriched by virtual and digitalabout thatoffering characterizes Artificial Intelligence virtual platforms for in this regard. Large institutions could thebut reality keeps the data, the Metaverse, basedofon the use the development and is testing autonomous Metaverse, corporations, governments to over the dominant role convergence andand into machine behaviors,of toInternet be transposed the "regulate" social, political, and economic additional virtual data. In MR, physical Extended world) sectors. Reality (XR) inequalities According in already to partially democratic the user moves through an technologies. societiesReality-Virtuality and to reduce the level environment of democracywhere real and Milgram's where it exists by concentrating power narrow virtualindata coexist. In VR, real Continuum, XR integrates the governance groups. data is completely replaced by digital and physical in varying virtual data. degrees, ranging from augmented reality (AR) through mixed reality (MR) and ending in virtual reality (VR).

In AR, the user is in a real environment enriched by virtual data, but reality keeps the dominant role over the additional virtual data. In MR, the Doing so will result in a commonwhere set ofreal user moves through an environment standards, frameworks, and issuance of cryptocurrencies by and Authorizing virtual datathe coexist. In VR, real data is interoperability for groups of Google, tech giants, suchby asvirtual Facebook, andto completely replaced data. If AR aims metaverses that will increase Apple, would giving themthe a prevailing enrich reality withmean helpful information to performvoice of VR content, data, and how insharing thetasks, international arena, allowing complex seeksfinancial to replace the real worldfor a canshift access it. tbalance the highest level, between in the of power withsignificant ausers simulated one. we will the Omniverse, i.e., the them andhave sovereign governments, even given an set ofGoldman Multiverses characterized byarena apparent descent into the estimated electoral By 2022, Sachs has the by even more general interoperability participating in democratic decision-making. value the Metaverse could produce to range standards across Mutiverses. between $2 and $12 trillion. According to the investment bank, the continued growth of the digital economy (now about 20%, 25% of the andopen otherupreasons, global economy)this could room forinadequately development theofvirtual withincan and regulated to use AR/VReconomy technologies have parallel to the digital economy. Bloomberg had severe implications for international security. been more cautious, limiting the size of the Metaverse market to $800 billionadvantage by 2024 and Adversarial actors can take of the about $2.5 trillion by 2030. of these technologies. reality-altering capabilities Specifically, concerns arise from digital The replication meta-universe, while not definable as a newi.e., capabilities (such as deepfakes, "virtual economy," willorbevideos able tofeaturing contribute to the doctored images people growth of manufacturing (where 3Doccurred in reality) performing actions that never environments offer idealand design spaces for rapid and the embedding linking of virtual prototyping and decentralization of production environments to physical systems and networks. In structures AR, the user is in a real spaces), Thelogistics, virtuality, and mixing transportation physical about (with Hacks could extract information environment enriched by virtual and digital that characterizes Artificial Intelligence offering virtual platforms for and systems as virtual environments use data data, but reality keeps the the digital Metaverse, the the development and is testing ofon autonomous from twins ofbased machinery and buildings. role over the convergence and intodominant machine behaviors,oftoInternet be transposed the additional virtual data. In MR, physical Extended world) sectors. Reality (XR) the user moves through an technologies. According to environment where real and Milgram's Reality-Virtuality virtual data coexist. In VR, real Continuum, XR integrates the data is completely replaced by digital and physical in varying virtual data. degrees, ranging from augmented reality (AR) through mixed reality (MR) and ending in virtual reality (VR).

For

Doing so will result in a common set of standards, frameworks, and interoperability for groups of Cyberattacks on system operation metaverses that will integrity. increase Since the deteriorate the system’s sharinguniverse of content, data, andstores how the virtual permanently users can access t the highest information online, theit.overall cost of level, the we will have the Omniverse, i.e., the damage would be more significant than in set ofdigital Multiverses characterized a current ecosystem. Damage by to even more general interoperability information storage systems would standards across Mutiverses. severely diminish the virtual environment's overall value, causing substantial economic losses. The highly immersive experience of the Metaverse could also reverberate negatively on social behaviors. Virtual perceptions could "disconnect" users from the real world, creating life behavioral anomalies. People's bodies will overreact to events in virtual reality, for example with heartbeats speeding up in stressful situations. This same realism could also mean that harassment in the Metaverse will be more visceral, intense, In AR, the user is in a real The virtuality, mixing physical and damaging; misinformation more vivid and digital that characterizes and compelling; everyday experiences environment enriched by virtual data, but reality keeps the Metaverse, based on the morethe fascinating andisengaging. dominant role over the convergence of Internet and additional virtual data. In MR, (XR) A keyExtended question Reality concerns the technologies. to as a newthe user moves through an consideration of theAccording Metaverse Milgram's Reality-Virtuality domain of warfare. The doctrine definingenvironment where real and Continuum, XR integrates the the realm of cyberspace is insufficient tovirtual data coexist. In VR, real and physical varying makedigital it clear how much, in and especially data in is completely replaced by virtual data. ranging from might what degrees, terms, the Metaverse augmented through constitute a new reality military(AR) battleground. mixed reality (MR) and ending in virtual reality (VR).

Doing so will result in a common set of standards, frameworks, and interoperability for groups of metaverses that will increase the sharing of content, data, and how users can access it. t the highest level, we will have the Omniverse, i.e., the set of Multiverses characterized by even more general interoperability standards across Mutiverses.

The

Publication (JP) 3-13/2014 ("Information Operations") definition of cyberspace consists of the interdependent networks of resident computing infrastructure and data, including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers. While this definition is appropriate for purely virtual worlds, it is unclear how to consider when virtual and physical domains become indistinguishable from one another, like in the Metaverse.

DoD The virtuality, mixing physical and digital that characterizes the Metaverse, is based on the convergence of Internet and Extended Reality (XR) technologies. According to Milgram's Reality-Virtuality Continuum, XR integrates the digital and physical in varying degrees, ranging from augmented reality (AR) through mixed reality (MR) and ending in virtual reality (VR).

current DoD Joint

Joint Publication 3-0/2018

("Joint Operations") brings the concept of "domain" closer to the notion of "Operational Environment," stating that an OE may include some or all domains depending on where the commander In AR, needs the user is in a real to operate, very close to the environment by virtualOperation. conceptenriched of Multi-Domain data, but reality keeps thethe term "domain" in NATO doctrine uses dominant role over the way. NATO's an entirely different additional virtual data.Operations In MR, Comprehensive Planning the user moves(COPD) throughuses an the term domain Directive environment where real and economic, social, about political, military, virtualinfrastructure, data coexist. Inand VR,information real systems. data isNATO completely replaced doctrine looks atbydomains as virtualdimensions data. of an OE, thus land, air, space, and maritime.

Doing so will result in a common set of standards, frameworks, and interoperability for groups of metaverses that will increase the sharing of content, data, and how pursuit of it. thet the Multi-Domain users can access highest level, we will the Omniverse, i.e., theof concept andhave the search for a definition set of Multiverses by the Metaverse as a newcharacterized domain needs even more generalofinteroperability first an understanding its constituent standards across Mutiverses. elements, and second to couple the development of the Metaverse with appropriate regulation. A global digital plane of existence may prove to be a dangerous prospect for nation-states, indeed. Competition at the heart of these new virtual universes will radically change politics in a "new digital world order" that will require a paradigm shift in cooperation and conflict.

The

In AR, the user is in a real environment enriched by virtual data, but reality keeps the dominant role over the additional virtual data. In MR, the user moves through an environment where real and virtual data coexist. In VR, real data is completely replaced by virtual data.

St a t es

should enter the

competition now by helping to design the architecture of the future Metaverse public good, preventing it from becoming plagued by digital evils such as misinformation and hate. The problem is the lack of technological capabilities that many policymakers demonstrate and the consequent tendency to regulatory obscurantism based on the use of laws aimed more at curbing than ensuring the orderly development of technology. The need for technologically enlightened leaders and pluralistic access to these technologies will be of paramount importance to ensure their responsible and sustainable global development.

20 20

“

Doing so will result in a common set of standards, frameworks, and interoperability for groups of metaverses that will increase the Theof need sharing content,for data, and how users can access it. t the highest level, technologically we will have the Omniverse, i.e., the enlightened leaders and by set of Multiverses characterized even more general interoperability pluralistic access to standards across Mutiverses.

these technologies will be of paramount importance to ensure their responsible and sustainable global development.”

Further Readings: Institute of Strategic Studies "Machiavelli", President Francesco D'Arrigo .

Doing so will result in a common set of Bazin, Aaron. 2022. "The Metaverse: A New Domain of Warfare? " standards, frameworks, and Small Wars Journal. March. Available at interoperability for groups of metaverses that will increase the https://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/metaverse-new-domain-warfare. sharing of content, data, and how Digdipblog.com. 2021. The Metaverse and its impact on International users can access it. t the highest level, Relations: A Summary. https://digdipblog.com/2021/11/20/thewe will have the Omniverse, i.e., themetaverse-and-its-impact-on-international-relations-a-summary/. set of Multiverses characterized by even more general interoperability Donnelly, Jared, and Jon Farley. 2019. Defining the 'Domain' in Multi-Domain. Joint Air & Space Power Conference 2019 "Shaping standards across Mutiverses. NATO for Multi-Domain Operations of the Future.”

Goldman Sachs. 2021. Framing the Future of Web 3.0. Equity Research, December. Mystakidis, Stylianos. 2022. "Metaverse. " Encyclopedia 2: 486-497. Vanorio, Fabio. 2022. Metaverse: Implications for Security and Intelligence. NATO Defense College Foundation Paper. February. Available at https://www.natofoundation.org/wpcontent/uploads/2022/02/NDCF-Paper-Vanorio-110222.pdf.

Vanorio, Fabio. 2021. Metaverse and National Security. Internet 3.0 and the New Digital World Order. Observatory on Infoware and Emerging Technologies. Italian Institute for Strategic Studies "Niccolò Machiavelli,” Rome. Available at https://www.strategicstudies.it/wpcontent/uploads/2021/12/Edizioni-Machiavelli-Metaverso-e-SicurezzaIn AR, the user is in a real Nazionale.pdf. environment enriched by virtual

data, but reality keeps the dominant role over the additional virtual data. In MR, the user moves through an environment where real and virtual data coexist. In VR, real data is completely replaced by virtual data.

22 22

“

Ministerial Counselor at Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale.

In AR, the user is in a real of The virtuality, mixing physical High-level expert in planning, execution, and monitoring environment enriched by virtual andGovernmental digital that characterizes and Academic programs in Economics, Intelligence, data, Focused but reality the the Metaverse, is basedand on Technology. the National Security onkeeps the relationship dominant roleand over the Affairs. convergence InternetIntelligence, and amongofArtificial Hyper-war, Global additional virtual data. In MR, Extended Reality (XR) the user moves through an technologies. AccordingGLOBAL to AFFAIRS ADVISER environment where in real and Milgram's Reality-Virtuality Government Official with extensive knowledge scenario virtual analytic data coexist. In VR, real Continuum, XR integrates the structured planning through techniques. data is completely replaced by digital and physical in varying virtualANALYST data. degrees, ranging from INTELLIGENCE augmented reality (AR) through mixed reality (MR) and ending in virtual reality (VR).

TECNOLOGY I N THE M AKI N G

LINDA

RESTREPO PUBLISHER - EDITOR

TECHNOLOGY IN THE MAKING

PUBLISHER - EDITOR

TECHNOLOGY IN THE MAKING DISCLAIMER: This Magazine is designed to provide information, entertainment and motivation to our readers. It does not render any type of political, cybersecurity, computer programming, defense strategy, ethical, legal or any other type of professional advice. It is not intended to, neither should it be construed as a comprehensive evaluation of any topic. The content of this Presentation is the sole expression and opinion of the authors. No warranties or guarantees are expressed or implied by the authors or the Editor. Neither the authors nor the Editor are liable for any physical, psychological, emotional, financial, or commercial damages, including, but not limited to, special, incidental, consequential or other damages. You are responsible for your own choices, actions, and results.

LINDA RESTREPO

PUBLISHER - EDITOR