•HUMAN •PLANT BY: PUAN ROSITA MOHD YUSOF BANDAR BUKIT MAHKOTA (update Feb 2012)
O₂ & CO₂ Blood clotting
•Yellow liquid •90% water. 10% dissolved substances. •Function: •Transport nutrient •Remove wastes distribute hormones, enzymes •Distribute energy fr liver to all body parts
Body defence
HUMAN BLOOD FUNCTIONS: Protection, Regulatory and Transportation BLOOD CELLS (45%) RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES) WHITE BLOOD CELLS
PLASMA (55%) NUTRIENTS INORGANIC IONS PROTEIN
PLATELETS DISSOLVE GASES HORMONES WASTE PRODUCTS
1. Biconcave shape 2. No nucleus 3. Has haemoglobin that transport O2 4. Produced in bone marrow 5. Life span: 4 month (120 days)
1. Can change shape 2. Have nuclei 3. Produced in bone marrow and lymph nodes 4. Life span: 2 days – few months 5. 2 types: 1. Granulocytes
1. Small pieces in the blood 2. Do not have definite shape 3. Life span: few hours – 9 days
CIRCULATING FLUIDS - BLOOD
PUMPING DEVICE - HEART
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM HAS 4 BASIC UNITS BLOOD VESSELS – ARTERY, VEINS & CAPILLARIES
VALVES
Characterist Artery ic
Capillary
Vein
Cross section
Circular
Circular
Oval
Valves
Absent except in PA
Absent
Present
Lumen
Narrow
Very narrow
Fairly wide
Size of wall
Thick muscular wall
Very thin – one cell layer thick
Thin muscular layer
Colour
Red
Bluish red
Bluish red
Oxygen content
Oxygenated blood (except in PA)
Oxygenated blood ===deoxygenated blood
Deoxygenate d blood (except in PV)
HEART AND MAJOR BLOOD VESSLES
HUMAN DOUBLE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
SUBSTANCES
RESPIRATORY GASES
EXCRETORY PRODUCTS
EXAMPLE
FROM
TO
BY
OXYGEN
LUNGS
TISSUES
RBC
CARBON DIOXIDE
TISSUES
LUNGS
PLASMA & RBC
UREA
LIVER
KIDNEYS
PLASMA
GLUCOSE
SMALL INTESTINE
LIVER/TISSUES
PLASMA
AMINO ACIDS
SMALL INTESTINE
LIVER/TISSUES
PLASMA
CALCIUM
S/INTESTINE
BONE/ TEETH
PLASMA
IRON
S/INTESTINE & LIVER
BONE MARROW
PLASMA
END PRODUCT OF DIGESTION
MINERAL SALTS
HEREDITA RY
ALCOHOL
STRESS
FACTORS INCREASIN G RISKS OF HEART DISEASE
SMOKING
CHOLESTERO L/ OBESITY
LACK OF EXERCISE
GROUP
CAN DONATE TO
CAN RECEIVE FROM
A
A & AB
A&O
B
B & AB
B&O
AB
AB
ALL
O
ALL
O
TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN PLANTS
Definition: the evaporation of water from a plant. 90% of the absorbed water by the roots lost by evaporation Factors affecting transpiration: Light – L↑, T↑ Temperature – T↑, T↑ Humidity – H↑, T↓ Wind speed – W↑, T↑ Water availability – WA↓, T↓ Altitude - A↑, T↑ (as pressure decrease)
Main function of stomata is to allow gases to diffuse in and out of the leaf. Photosynthesis – CO2 diffuses into leaf and O2 diffuses out of the leaf. When stomata open, water vapour is released to the surroundings.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_d