THESIS REPORT by R.Alvi

USC SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE | FALL 2017

GRADUATE THESIS

MAISON CITROHAN RABIA ALVI | USC ID: 7019-2009-41 INSTRUCTORL: WES JONES

PROJECT OVERVIEW SUMMARY DESCRIPTION

BRIEF DESCRIPTION:

Citrohan home is, within three basic prototypes (Domino, Monol, Citrohan) created by Le Corbusier to create housing could be built in series like machinery. Its meant to be: - Aesthetically pleasing and functional. - A space that was not only efficient but also affordable. - A space that was not only efficient but also affordable. - A “Machine for Living” and “efficient like a car”

ARCHITECT:

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Charles-Édouard Jeanneret (Le Corbusier)

DATE OF DESIGN/ CONSTRUCTION:

First version - 1920 Second version - 1920 Third version - 1922 Fourth version - 1924 Fifth version - 1927

LOCATION:

Version 4 - Passac, France. Version 5 - Stutgart ,Germany.

PROGRAM:

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SIZE: SYSTEM:

Master Bed Room, Guest Bed Room, Children Room , Lounge and dining , Study space, Servant Quarter, Bathroom, Kitchen, Storage space, Roof Garden. 2400 sq ft (Stutgart Version) Concrete frame skeletons start on site. Membrane walls are 3 inches, cement projected on deployed palastro, leaving a vacuum of 20 inches. The floor slabs are of the same module, lines of racks window factory, with useful windows of the same module. The pillar structure of 0.25×0.25mts leaves among them a clear span of 2.5 meters longitudinally and transversely 5mts, allowing modulated and industrialization windows 1.1×2.5mts. Parallel to the body housing stays (of 5×11.75mts) is placed, unfragmented forging, amplitude 0.95mts ladder. The height of the pillars, beams 0.25mts between singing is 2.2mts. The arrangement is according to family life: abundant light as intended room, the needs of the disadvantaged hygiene; the servants treated with respect.

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1 DOCUMENTATION

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“The Engineer, inspired by the law of Economy and governed by mathematical calculation, puts us in accord with universal law. He achieves harmony.” - Le Corbusier, Vers une Architecture

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2 INFLUENCE

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“Modern life demands, and is waiting for, a new kind of plan, both for the house and the city” - Vers une architecture (1923)

BACK THEN..

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INFLUENCE TODAY

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3 ANALYSIS

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“A house is a machine for living in. Baths, sun, hot-water, cold-water, warmth at will, conservation of food, hygiene, beauty in the sense of good proportion. An armchair is a machine for sitting in and so on.” - Le Corbusier, Vers Une Architecture

APPRECIATION SYSTEM AND MATERIAL

THE HOUSE AS A BOX

The flat roof The box house

Functional Roof Free Facade

Pilotis Place Underneath

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Ribbon Windows Open Floor Plan

PILOTIS AND RIBBON WINDOW

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OPEN FLOOR PLAN

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HERZOG DE MEURON 1111 LINCOLN ROAD

TRANSFORMABLE FREE FACADE

DAVID CHIPPERFIELD CUP BUILDING

MVRDV ARCHITECTS DUTCH PAVILION

CRITIC FIXED FURNITURE

DEHUMANIZING All of Le Corbusier’s work stresses uniformity, regularity and functionalism. Thus the most often criticism against the idea of architecture as machine is that of the tendency of the machine to dehumanize.

Bedrooms

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Terrace

POOR SPATIAL ORGANIZATION

BEDROOMS

LACK OF SITE CONNECTION

“Architecture has become insensitive to users, to site conditions and to history.” Michael Lee-Chin”

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IMPRACTICAL DETAILS AND DIMENSIONS

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BANAL AESTHETICS

“Its just a box on stilts - Frank LLoyd Wright “Less is Bore” - Robert Venturi

Maid’s Room

Level One and Two Plans - House 15

Level Two Plan - House 14

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4 PROPOSAL

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“All buildings are predictions. All predictions are mistakes.” Stewart Brand

EVOLUTION OF THE HOME 1920

Home regulations, health and safety standards, Growth in private home ownership Greater disposible income Concept of mortages

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Brick cavity walls, galvanized metal windows - single glazed Television/larger fridge became an essential component Bathrooms becoming lifestyle statement. Swedish and Bauhaus influences

1930s

Open plan living, ‘moderne’ movement. Exploring new material and pre fabrication. Brick cavity walls, galvanized metal windows - single glazed

19460s Use of precast concrete and timber framing Double glazed PVC-U windows. Cavity walls with aerated blicks inner leaf

1970s

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Apartment living and high rise Radiator, radio, oven and central heating. Prefabricated roof trusses, most houses had cavity walls, Single glazed timber casement windows. Concrete strip foundation and polythene DPM.

2000 to present Embracing Sustainibility Low carbon and low energy homes. Housing was identified as having a key part to play in the Government’s carbon reduction strategy. Organic farming, low emmission cars, sustainable materials Smart meters.

1980s/90s

Cordless telephones, computer, microwave, dishwashes, tumbledryers. Couch potato tv watching families. Kitchen - a place to cook, eat, drink, work, and entertain Emergence of far more elaborate security arrangements. Walk in closets.

DEMOGRAPHICS HOUSEHOLD SIZES SHRINKING BUT AVG HOME SIZES INCREASING.

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DIGITAL URBANISM - THE NEW PERSON GENERATION Z Communication technologies are redefining the human-environment relationship. Mobile telephony, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) and Wi-Fi Internet access are creating new media walls that allow people to be mobile and private at the same time.

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FUTURE HOUSING

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RETHINKING THE LIVING PARADIGM REDEFINING THE MACHINE FOR LIVING

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FLEXIBLE FLOOR PLAN

RESPONSIVE HOME DESIGN

DYNAMIC OUTLOOK/ FACADE

ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY

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HYBRID SPACE TYPOLOGY REDEFINING LIVING

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SPATIAL EXPLORATIONS

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PLANAR EXPLORATIONS

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GEOMETRIC EXPLORATIONS

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VOLUMETRIC COMPOSITION A HOUSE THAT GROWS

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EXPLODED AXON

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CONFIGURATIONS

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CONFIGURATIONS

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FIRST FLOOR

OPEN FLOOR LAYOUT

FIRST FLOOR LAYOUT # 2

CONFIGURATIONS

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FIRST FLOOR LAYOUT # 3

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CONFIGURATIONS

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FIRST FLOOR LAYOUT # 5

FIRST FLOOR LAYOUT # 6

CITROHAN 2.0 SECTION SECTION

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THANK YOU

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