6.5.2 Financial impact for D-PV sites

Figure 44 Total annual potential revenue loss due to tripping (anti-islanding and limits for sustained operation) and V-VAr curtailment for VPP operator with 996 BESS sites analysed for three scenarios (real case, TS-129 and ENA)

It is seen that in the real case, highest potential revenue loss is less than $10k/year which increases up to $15k/year and $36k/year for the analysed TS-129 and ENA. Table XIV presents the corresponding minimum, average, and maximum annual revenue loss for the VPP operator according to analysed spot market prices.

Table XIV Potential annual revenue loss for the VPP operator due to V-VAr and tripping curtailment: minimum, average, and maximum loss for real-case, TS-129 and ENA scenarios

Real TS-129 ENA

Minimum loss ($/year) 6 7 26 Average loss ($/year) 266 637 1743 Maximum loss ($/year) 9,500 14,689 36,124

Further research is needed to understand how these results may change with increasing levels of DER. On the one hand, with increasing BESS fleet, higher instances of curtailment may increase the overlap with high sport market price events. On the other hand, increasing D-PV installations may put further downward pressure on day-time spot market prices during the day. Future research aims to further investigate potential correlations between these peak spot market prices and high curtailment instances.

For the Solar Analytics fleet with D-PV systems, the financial loss calculation was more straightforward as the sites did not have storage capability like the BESS. Therefore, curtailed D-PV generation was a definite loss and could not be used after the curtailment event. Because the Solar Analytics data did not include net load for the households, some assumptions had to be made for estimating the revenue loss for the energy users: • Low loss case: it is assumed that all curtailed energy was during net-export conditions (energy that could be exported if it were not curtailed) and therefore, loss revenue is calculated from an average feed in tariff (FiT) rate of 10 c/kWh.