Marine Biology 11th Edition by Castr -Test Bank

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Description Marine Biology 11th Edition by Castr -Test Bank Sample Questions Instant Download With Answers Marine Biology, 11e (Castro) Chapter 3 Chemical and Physical Features of the World Ocean 1) Hydrogen bonds in water molecules are formed between: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Ions in solution between the molecules. B) Nuclei of adjacent molecules. C) Hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent molecules. D) Two hydrogen atoms of the same molecule. E) Two oxygen atoms of the same molecule.

Answer: C Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 01. Remember

2) When water cools, but does not freeze, the molecules move ________ and take up ________ space. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) faster; less B) slower; more C) faster; more D) slower; less E) up; less

Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water


Bloom’s: 01. Remember

3) Which of the following are not elements? 1. A) Sodium chloride 2. B) Nitrogen 3. C) Hydrogen 4. D) Oxygen 5. E) Magnesium

Answer: A Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 02. Understand

4) Which of the following is the state of water at a temperature of 4°C? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Boiling point of water B) Maximum density of water C) Freezing point of water D) Sublimation point of water E) Condensation point of water

Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 04. Analyze

5) Hydrogen bonds: 1. 2. 3. 4.

A) Lower the heat capacity of water. B) Cause ice to melt at a lower temperature. C) Make ice less dense than water. D) Lower the boiling point of water.


5.

E) Do not affect the heat capacity of water at all.

Answer: C Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 02. Understand

6) Which ions comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Magnesium and sulfate B) Sodium and chloride C) Calcium and carbonate D) Potassium and chloride E) Calcium and sulfate

Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 01. Remember

7) The salinity of water is generally expressed in: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Kilograms per liter of water. B) Total weight per pound. C) Percentage per liter. D) Parts per thousand. E) Percentage per thousand.

Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water


Bloom’s: 01. Remember

8) The rule of constant proportions expresses that: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Salinity varies with geographical location. B) The percentage of sodium varies with depth. C) The percentage of chlorine varies with geographical location. D) Salinity varies depending on the season. E) The relative concentration of ions does not change.

Answer: E Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 01. Remember

9) Salinity of seawater increases: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) With an increase in rain. B) Near the mouth of rivers. C) Around ice as it melts in spring. D) With a decrease in depth. E) As evaporation increases.

Answer: E Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 02. Understand

10) The heat capacity of water is ________ compared with other naturally occurring substances. 1.

A) high


2. 3. 4. 5.

B) low C) equal D) fluctuates by location E) None of the above

Answer: A Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 01. Remember

11) Which of the following properties is unique to water due to its molecular structure? 1. 2. 3. 4.

A) It forms long-chain polymers. B) It can dissolve nonpolar materials like hydrocarbons. C) It vaporizes more quickly than any other liquid. D) It is less dense as a solid than a liquid.

Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 02. Understand

12) The Secchi disk is used to indirectly estimate: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) The type of light that is absorbed by water. B) How much light penetrates through the water column. C) How salinity varies with depth. D) The relationship between temperature and salinity. E) The amount of oxygen in the water.

Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater


Bloom’s: 03. Apply

13) Water is unusual because it is less dense as a solid than a liquid. This is important for marine organisms because: 1. 2.

A) A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it. B) If ice was more dense, the oceans would freeze from the bottom and remain frozen leaving no available space. 3. C) Cold water holds less oxygen than warm water. 4. D) A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it and the oceans would freeze from the bottom if ice was more dense. 5. E) All of the above.

Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 04. Analyze

14) Pressure increases with depth by adding one atmosphere of pressure for every: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) 10 meters of depth. B) 50 meters of depth. C) 100 meters of depth. D) 500 meters of depth. E) None of the choices are correct; pressure depends on the temperature of the water.

Answer: A Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 01. Remember

15) The Coriolis effect is the direct result of one of the following:


1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Temperature. B) Gravitational pull of the sun. C) Ocean currents. D) Rotation of the earth. E) Wind.

Answer: D Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand

16) The factor that most affects wind patterns in the atmosphere of the Earth is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Depth of the sea. B) Clouds. C) Temperature. D) Volcanoes. E) Gravitational pull of sun and moon.

Answer: C Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand

17) Trade winds: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Are unaffected by the Coriolis effect. B) Diverge from the Equator at a 90 degrees angle. C) Develop between 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south. D) Move north in the Northern Hemisphere. E) Change direction depending on ocean currents.

Answer: C


Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember

18) Gyres are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Large circular systems of surface currents. B) Affected by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere. C) Extend only along the Equator. D) Extend only around Antarctica. E) Are found only in the Pacific Ocean.

Answer: A Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember

19) The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise: 1. A) In the Northern Hemisphere only. 2. B) In the Southern Hemisphere only. 3. C) In both hemispheres. 4. D) In the Atlantic Ocean only. 5. E) In the Pacific Ocean only.

Answer: B Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember

20) In which of these locations does a cold current flow almost into the Equator?


1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Atlantic coast of North America B) Atlantic coast of South America C) Pacific coast of Australia D) Pacific coast of Asia E) Pacific coast of South America

Answer: E Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember

21) The Ekman spiral occurs as a result of: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Salinity. B) Transparency. C) Pressure. D) Dissolved gases. E) Wind.

Answer: E Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand

22) The highest part or top of a wave is called the: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Trough. B) Period. C) Fetch. D) Wavelength. E) Crest.

Answer: E


Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Waves Bloom’s: 01. Remember

23) Wave size is affected by the amount of open water, or the ________, that winds blow over.: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) trough B) period C) fetch D) wavelength E) crest

Answer: C Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Waves Bloom’s: 02. Understand

24) Spring tides are caused by: 1. 2. 3.

A) Gravitational attraction of the moon only. B) Gravitational attraction of the sun only. C) Gravitational attraction of the moon and the sun when they are in line during the full and new moon phases. 4. D) Gravitational attraction of moon and the sun when at right angles to each other. 5. E) Ocean currents and gyre circulation.

Answer: C Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Tides Bloom’s: 02. Understand


25) A full tidal cycle lasts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) 12 hours. B) 12 hours, 50 minutes. C) 24 hours. D) 24 hours, 50 minutes. E) 48 hours.

Answer: D Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Tides Bloom’s: 01. Remember

26) Mixed semidiurnal tides are characterized by: 1. 2. 3. 4.

A) Two daily high tides, one higher than the other. B) One daily high tide. C) Two daily high tides, both of the same approximate height. D) One daily high tide that is always higher than the high tide of the previous day. 5. E) Two daily high and three daily low tides.

Answer: A Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Tides Bloom’s: 01. Remember

27) The main thermocline is located at the zone: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Right above the mixed layer. B) Between the warm and cold layers. C) Along the bottom. D) Below the intermediate layer. E) Right at the surface in warm tropical water.


Answer: B Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean Conveyor Bloom’s: 02. Understand

28) How does the oxygen content of the ocean compare to the air that humans breathe? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Higher oxygen content B) Lower oxygen content C) No significant difference exists D) Depends of the salinity of the water E) Depends on the depth of the water

Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 01. Remember

29) Which of the following is true about tropical organisms like corals? 1. A) They survive at higher latitudes on the eastern sides of oceans due to upwelling. 2. B) They survive at higher latitudes of the western sides of oceans due to surface current patterns. 3. C) They survive at higher Arctic latitudes due to ocean current gyres. 4. D) There is no difference. 5. E) Tropical corals can be found in shallow water in all parts of the Earth’s oceans.

Answer: B Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand


30) Forces that cause water movements lead to mixing of the entire ocean once every ________ years. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) 100 B) 200 C) 500 D) 1,000 E) 5,000

Answer: D Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean Conveyor Bloom’s: 01. Remember

Marine Biology, 11e (Castro) Chapter 5 The Microbial World 1) Which of the following statements about marine viruses is not true? 1. A) Are involved in the release of DOM (dissolved organic matter) into the water 2. B) Bridge the gap between the nonliving and the living 3. C) Their genetic material is in the form of DNA or RNA 4. D) Cause diseases in many types of organisms 5. E) Consist of minute cells sometimes attached into chains

Answer: E Section: 05.01 Viruses Topic: Viruses Bloom’s: 02. Understand

2) Bacteriophages are types of: 1. 2. 3. 4.

A) Archaea B) Bacteria C) Protozoa D) Algae


5.

E) Viruses

Answer: E Section: 05.01 Viruses Topic: Viruses Bloom’s: 01. Remember

3) Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in regards to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Shape of DNA molecules B) Size of ribosomes C) Presence of nucleus D) Shape of DNA and size of ribosomes E) All of the above

Answer: E Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Prokaryotes Bloom’s: 02. Understand

4) Which of the following is not true of decay bacteria? 1. A) Break down waste products and dead organic matter 2. B) Carry out photosynthesis 3. C) Are heterotrophs 4. D) Are particularly abundant in bottom sediments 5. E) Ensure the recycling of essential nutrients

Answer: B Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria


Bloom’s: 03. Apply

5) Bacteria that make their own organic compounds by obtaining energy from chemical compounds and not directly from light are known as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Heterotrophic B) Decay C) Photosynthetic D) Protists E) Chemosynthetic

Answer: E Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 02. Understand

6) Cyanobacteria are characterized by being: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Decomposers B) Found only in the plankton C) Having a glass-like skeleton D) Protists E) Photosynthetic

Answer: E Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 01. Remember

7) Which of the following would be classified as autotrophic? 1.

A) Cyanobacteria


2. 3. 4. 5.

B) Lysogenic viruses C) Bacteriophages D) Lysogenic viruses and bacteriophages E) All of the above

Answer: A Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 03. Apply

8) Endophytes are primary producers that live: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) On the surface of planktonic organisms B) Inside primary producers C) Inside animals D) On the surface of animals E) Within decay organisms

Answer: B Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 01. Remember

9) Archaea are classified as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Prokaryotic B) Autotrophs only C) Heterotrophs only D) Consisting of nucleic acids and a protein coat E) Eukaryotic

Answer: A Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Archaea


Bloom’s: 01. Remember

10) Archaea are now being detected in many environments by identifying one of the following chemicals characteristic of the group: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Pigments B) Chlorophyll C) Nucleic acids D) Proteins E) Carbohydrates

Answer: C Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Archaea Bloom’s: 03. Apply

11) Organisms having a shell made of silica (SiO2): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Foraminiferans B) Stromatolites C) Cyanobacteria D) Diatoms E) Ciliates

Answer: D Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 01. Remember

12) Diatoms are mostly: 1.

A) Heterotrophs


2. 3. 4. 5.

B) Planktonic C) Multicellular D) Red in color E) Prokaryotic

Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand

13) Which of the following are considered to be extremophiles due to the habitats they exist in? 1. A) Marine lichens 2. B) Diatoms 3. C) Archaea 4. D) Radiolarians

Answer: C Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Archaea Bloom’s: 01. Remember

14) Which of the following can be dangerous to human health? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Diatoms B) Dinoflagellates C) Radiolarians D) Diatoms and dinoflagellates E) All of the above

Answer: D Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists


Topic: Diatoms; Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember

15) Some planktoic cyanobacteria have the ability to “fix” which of the following elements, thus having a fertilizing effect on the marine environment similar to the ability of land plants legumes? 1. 2. 3. 4.

A) Oxygen B) Helium C) Hydrogen D) Nitrogen

Answer: D Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Prokaryote Metabolism Bloom’s: 01. Remember

16) Red tides are caused mostly by: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Diatoms B) Foraminiferans C) Dinoflagellates D) Red seaweeds E) Radiolarians

Answer: C Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand


17) Dinoflagellates that live in association with reef-building corals and other animals are known as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Zooxanthellae B) Zooplankton C) Silicoflagellates D) Bioluminescent dinoflagellates E) Cryptomonads

Answer: A Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember

18) Generally the dominant group of planktonic primary producers in cold water: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Foraminiferans B) Silicoflagellates C) Dinoflagellates D) Photosynthetic bacteria E) Diatoms

Answer: E Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand

19) Marine fungi: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Are mostly photosynthetic B) Are parts of lichens that live on rocky shores C) Secrete calcareous skeletons D) Produce red tides E) None of the choices are correct: there are no marine fungi.


Answer: B Section: 05.05 Fungi Topic: Fungi Bloom’s: 02. Understand

20) Which of the following does not apply to protozoans? 1. A) Multicellular 2. B) Their name derives from “first animals” 3. C) Some are heterotrophs 4. D) Are included among the Protista 5. E) Some are autotrophs

Answer: A Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Foraminiferans; Radiolarians Bloom’s: 02. Understand

21) Radiolarians are characterized by: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Being mostly planktonic B) Having a calcareous skeleton C) Being autotrophs D) Having two flagella E) Causing red tides

Answer: A Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Radiolarians Bloom’s: 02. Understand


22) Which of the following are not protozoans? 1. A) Radiolarians 2. B) Foraminiferans 3. C) Dinoflagellates 4. D) Ciliates 5. E) Unicellular, planktonic organisms whose sediments form huge limestone deposits on land

Answer: C Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Foraminiferans; Radiolarians Bloom’s: 03. Apply

23) Which of the following are not protists? 1. A) Dinoflagellates 2. B) Cyanobacteria 3. C) Diatoms 4. D) Foraminiferans 5. E) Ciliates

Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae; 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Diatoms; Dinoflagellates; Foraminiferans Bloom’s: 01. Remember

24) What is the purpose of the spines seen on the frustules of diatoms? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Floatation B) Hunting C) Photosynthesis D) Reproduction E) Restore normal size

Answer: A Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae


Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 03. Apply

25) What is the function of an auxospore? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Floatation B) Hunting C) Photosynthesis D) Reproduction E) Restore normal size

Answer: E Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand

26) An algal bloom is defined as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Mass reproduction of algal cells B) Mass death of algal cells C) Mass feeding on algal cells by zooplankton D) Mass vertical migrations of algal cells E) Mass horizontal migrations of algal cells

Answer: A Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 01. Remember

27) Bioluminescence is observed in:


1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Diatoms B) Dinoflagellates C) Radiolarians D) Foraminiferans E) Lichens

Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember

28) Zooxanthellae, which live symbiotically with many species, are classified as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Diatoms B) Dinoflagellates C) Radiolarians D) Foraminiferans E) Lichens

Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember

29) What feature do all protozoa share? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) Reproductive strategies B) Habitats C) Feeding strategy D) Structure E) Being unicellular

Answer: E


Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Foraminiferans; Radiolarians Bloom’s: 02. Understand

30) A survival advantage of ________ is the ability to withstand exposure to air for long periods of time during tidal cycles. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

A) diatoms B) dinoflagellates C) radiolarians D) foraminiferans E) lichens

Answer: E Section: 05.05 Fungi Topic: Fungi Bloom’s: 02. Understand

31) Which of the following is a group of unicellular algae that have two flagella but lack a skeleton? 1. 2. 3. 4.

A) Radiolarians B) Diatoms C) Archaea D) Cryptophytes

Answer: D Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Other Unicellular Algae Bloom’s: 02. Understand Activity Type: New



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