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Description Marine Biology 11th Edition by Castr -Test Bank Sample Questions Instant Download With Answers Marine Biology, 11e (Castro) Chapter 3 Chemical and Physical Features of the World Ocean 1) Hydrogen bonds in water molecules are formed between: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Ions in solution between the molecules. B) Nuclei of adjacent molecules. C) Hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent molecules. D) Two hydrogen atoms of the same molecule. E) Two oxygen atoms of the same molecule.
Answer: C Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 01. Remember
2) When water cools, but does not freeze, the molecules move ________ and take up ________ space. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) faster; less B) slower; more C) faster; more D) slower; less E) up; less
Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
3) Which of the following are not elements? 1. A) Sodium chloride 2. B) Nitrogen 3. C) Hydrogen 4. D) Oxygen 5. E) Magnesium
Answer: A Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 02. Understand
4) Which of the following is the state of water at a temperature of 4°C? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Boiling point of water B) Maximum density of water C) Freezing point of water D) Sublimation point of water E) Condensation point of water
Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 04. Analyze
5) Hydrogen bonds: 1. 2. 3. 4.
A) Lower the heat capacity of water. B) Cause ice to melt at a lower temperature. C) Make ice less dense than water. D) Lower the boiling point of water.
5.
E) Do not affect the heat capacity of water at all.
Answer: C Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 02. Understand
6) Which ions comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Magnesium and sulfate B) Sodium and chloride C) Calcium and carbonate D) Potassium and chloride E) Calcium and sulfate
Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 01. Remember
7) The salinity of water is generally expressed in: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Kilograms per liter of water. B) Total weight per pound. C) Percentage per liter. D) Parts per thousand. E) Percentage per thousand.
Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
8) The rule of constant proportions expresses that: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Salinity varies with geographical location. B) The percentage of sodium varies with depth. C) The percentage of chlorine varies with geographical location. D) Salinity varies depending on the season. E) The relative concentration of ions does not change.
Answer: E Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 01. Remember
9) Salinity of seawater increases: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) With an increase in rain. B) Near the mouth of rivers. C) Around ice as it melts in spring. D) With a decrease in depth. E) As evaporation increases.
Answer: E Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 02. Understand
10) The heat capacity of water is ________ compared with other naturally occurring substances. 1.
A) high
2. 3. 4. 5.
B) low C) equal D) fluctuates by location E) None of the above
Answer: A Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 01. Remember
11) Which of the following properties is unique to water due to its molecular structure? 1. 2. 3. 4.
A) It forms long-chain polymers. B) It can dissolve nonpolar materials like hydrocarbons. C) It vaporizes more quickly than any other liquid. D) It is less dense as a solid than a liquid.
Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 02. Understand
12) The Secchi disk is used to indirectly estimate: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) The type of light that is absorbed by water. B) How much light penetrates through the water column. C) How salinity varies with depth. D) The relationship between temperature and salinity. E) The amount of oxygen in the water.
Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater
Bloom’s: 03. Apply
13) Water is unusual because it is less dense as a solid than a liquid. This is important for marine organisms because: 1. 2.
A) A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it. B) If ice was more dense, the oceans would freeze from the bottom and remain frozen leaving no available space. 3. C) Cold water holds less oxygen than warm water. 4. D) A layer of ice insulates organisms beneath it and the oceans would freeze from the bottom if ice was more dense. 5. E) All of the above.
Answer: D Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: The Unique Nature of Pure Water Bloom’s: 04. Analyze
14) Pressure increases with depth by adding one atmosphere of pressure for every: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) 10 meters of depth. B) 50 meters of depth. C) 100 meters of depth. D) 500 meters of depth. E) None of the choices are correct; pressure depends on the temperature of the water.
Answer: A Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 01. Remember
15) The Coriolis effect is the direct result of one of the following:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Temperature. B) Gravitational pull of the sun. C) Ocean currents. D) Rotation of the earth. E) Wind.
Answer: D Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand
16) The factor that most affects wind patterns in the atmosphere of the Earth is: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Depth of the sea. B) Clouds. C) Temperature. D) Volcanoes. E) Gravitational pull of sun and moon.
Answer: C Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand
17) Trade winds: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Are unaffected by the Coriolis effect. B) Diverge from the Equator at a 90 degrees angle. C) Develop between 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south. D) Move north in the Northern Hemisphere. E) Change direction depending on ocean currents.
Answer: C
Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember
18) Gyres are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Large circular systems of surface currents. B) Affected by the Coriolis effect only in the Northern Hemisphere. C) Extend only along the Equator. D) Extend only around Antarctica. E) Are found only in the Pacific Ocean.
Answer: A Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember
19) The major surface currents of the oceans rotate counterclockwise: 1. A) In the Northern Hemisphere only. 2. B) In the Southern Hemisphere only. 3. C) In both hemispheres. 4. D) In the Atlantic Ocean only. 5. E) In the Pacific Ocean only.
Answer: B Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember
20) In which of these locations does a cold current flow almost into the Equator?
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Atlantic coast of North America B) Atlantic coast of South America C) Pacific coast of Australia D) Pacific coast of Asia E) Pacific coast of South America
Answer: E Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 01. Remember
21) The Ekman spiral occurs as a result of: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Salinity. B) Transparency. C) Pressure. D) Dissolved gases. E) Wind.
Answer: E Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand
22) The highest part or top of a wave is called the: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Trough. B) Period. C) Fetch. D) Wavelength. E) Crest.
Answer: E
Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Waves Bloom’s: 01. Remember
23) Wave size is affected by the amount of open water, or the ________, that winds blow over.: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) trough B) period C) fetch D) wavelength E) crest
Answer: C Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Waves Bloom’s: 02. Understand
24) Spring tides are caused by: 1. 2. 3.
A) Gravitational attraction of the moon only. B) Gravitational attraction of the sun only. C) Gravitational attraction of the moon and the sun when they are in line during the full and new moon phases. 4. D) Gravitational attraction of moon and the sun when at right angles to each other. 5. E) Ocean currents and gyre circulation.
Answer: C Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Tides Bloom’s: 02. Understand
25) A full tidal cycle lasts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) 12 hours. B) 12 hours, 50 minutes. C) 24 hours. D) 24 hours, 50 minutes. E) 48 hours.
Answer: D Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Tides Bloom’s: 01. Remember
26) Mixed semidiurnal tides are characterized by: 1. 2. 3. 4.
A) Two daily high tides, one higher than the other. B) One daily high tide. C) Two daily high tides, both of the same approximate height. D) One daily high tide that is always higher than the high tide of the previous day. 5. E) Two daily high and three daily low tides.
Answer: A Section: 03.03 Waves and Tides Topic: Tides Bloom’s: 01. Remember
27) The main thermocline is located at the zone: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Right above the mixed layer. B) Between the warm and cold layers. C) Along the bottom. D) Below the intermediate layer. E) Right at the surface in warm tropical water.
Answer: B Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean Conveyor Bloom’s: 02. Understand
28) How does the oxygen content of the ocean compare to the air that humans breathe? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Higher oxygen content B) Lower oxygen content C) No significant difference exists D) Depends of the salinity of the water E) Depends on the depth of the water
Answer: B Section: 03.01 The Waters of the Ocean Topic: Seawater Bloom’s: 01. Remember
29) Which of the following is true about tropical organisms like corals? 1. A) They survive at higher latitudes on the eastern sides of oceans due to upwelling. 2. B) They survive at higher latitudes of the western sides of oceans due to surface current patterns. 3. C) They survive at higher Arctic latitudes due to ocean current gyres. 4. D) There is no difference. 5. E) Tropical corals can be found in shallow water in all parts of the Earth’s oceans.
Answer: B Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Surface Circulation Bloom’s: 02. Understand
30) Forces that cause water movements lead to mixing of the entire ocean once every ________ years. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) 100 B) 200 C) 500 D) 1,000 E) 5,000
Answer: D Section: 03.02 Ocean Circulation Topic: Thermohaline Circulation and the Great Ocean Conveyor Bloom’s: 01. Remember
Marine Biology, 11e (Castro) Chapter 5 The Microbial World 1) Which of the following statements about marine viruses is not true? 1. A) Are involved in the release of DOM (dissolved organic matter) into the water 2. B) Bridge the gap between the nonliving and the living 3. C) Their genetic material is in the form of DNA or RNA 4. D) Cause diseases in many types of organisms 5. E) Consist of minute cells sometimes attached into chains
Answer: E Section: 05.01 Viruses Topic: Viruses Bloom’s: 02. Understand
2) Bacteriophages are types of: 1. 2. 3. 4.
A) Archaea B) Bacteria C) Protozoa D) Algae
5.
E) Viruses
Answer: E Section: 05.01 Viruses Topic: Viruses Bloom’s: 01. Remember
3) Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in regards to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Shape of DNA molecules B) Size of ribosomes C) Presence of nucleus D) Shape of DNA and size of ribosomes E) All of the above
Answer: E Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Prokaryotes Bloom’s: 02. Understand
4) Which of the following is not true of decay bacteria? 1. A) Break down waste products and dead organic matter 2. B) Carry out photosynthesis 3. C) Are heterotrophs 4. D) Are particularly abundant in bottom sediments 5. E) Ensure the recycling of essential nutrients
Answer: B Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria
Bloom’s: 03. Apply
5) Bacteria that make their own organic compounds by obtaining energy from chemical compounds and not directly from light are known as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Heterotrophic B) Decay C) Photosynthetic D) Protists E) Chemosynthetic
Answer: E Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 02. Understand
6) Cyanobacteria are characterized by being: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Decomposers B) Found only in the plankton C) Having a glass-like skeleton D) Protists E) Photosynthetic
Answer: E Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 01. Remember
7) Which of the following would be classified as autotrophic? 1.
A) Cyanobacteria
2. 3. 4. 5.
B) Lysogenic viruses C) Bacteriophages D) Lysogenic viruses and bacteriophages E) All of the above
Answer: A Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 03. Apply
8) Endophytes are primary producers that live: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) On the surface of planktonic organisms B) Inside primary producers C) Inside animals D) On the surface of animals E) Within decay organisms
Answer: B Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Bacteria Bloom’s: 01. Remember
9) Archaea are classified as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Prokaryotic B) Autotrophs only C) Heterotrophs only D) Consisting of nucleic acids and a protein coat E) Eukaryotic
Answer: A Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Archaea
Bloom’s: 01. Remember
10) Archaea are now being detected in many environments by identifying one of the following chemicals characteristic of the group: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Pigments B) Chlorophyll C) Nucleic acids D) Proteins E) Carbohydrates
Answer: C Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Archaea Bloom’s: 03. Apply
11) Organisms having a shell made of silica (SiO2): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Foraminiferans B) Stromatolites C) Cyanobacteria D) Diatoms E) Ciliates
Answer: D Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 01. Remember
12) Diatoms are mostly: 1.
A) Heterotrophs
2. 3. 4. 5.
B) Planktonic C) Multicellular D) Red in color E) Prokaryotic
Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand
13) Which of the following are considered to be extremophiles due to the habitats they exist in? 1. A) Marine lichens 2. B) Diatoms 3. C) Archaea 4. D) Radiolarians
Answer: C Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Archaea Bloom’s: 01. Remember
14) Which of the following can be dangerous to human health? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Diatoms B) Dinoflagellates C) Radiolarians D) Diatoms and dinoflagellates E) All of the above
Answer: D Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists
Topic: Diatoms; Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember
15) Some planktoic cyanobacteria have the ability to “fix” which of the following elements, thus having a fertilizing effect on the marine environment similar to the ability of land plants legumes? 1. 2. 3. 4.
A) Oxygen B) Helium C) Hydrogen D) Nitrogen
Answer: D Section: 05.02 Prokaryotes Topic: Prokaryote Metabolism Bloom’s: 01. Remember
16) Red tides are caused mostly by: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Diatoms B) Foraminiferans C) Dinoflagellates D) Red seaweeds E) Radiolarians
Answer: C Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand
17) Dinoflagellates that live in association with reef-building corals and other animals are known as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Zooxanthellae B) Zooplankton C) Silicoflagellates D) Bioluminescent dinoflagellates E) Cryptomonads
Answer: A Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember
18) Generally the dominant group of planktonic primary producers in cold water: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Foraminiferans B) Silicoflagellates C) Dinoflagellates D) Photosynthetic bacteria E) Diatoms
Answer: E Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand
19) Marine fungi: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Are mostly photosynthetic B) Are parts of lichens that live on rocky shores C) Secrete calcareous skeletons D) Produce red tides E) None of the choices are correct: there are no marine fungi.
Answer: B Section: 05.05 Fungi Topic: Fungi Bloom’s: 02. Understand
20) Which of the following does not apply to protozoans? 1. A) Multicellular 2. B) Their name derives from “first animals” 3. C) Some are heterotrophs 4. D) Are included among the Protista 5. E) Some are autotrophs
Answer: A Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Foraminiferans; Radiolarians Bloom’s: 02. Understand
21) Radiolarians are characterized by: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Being mostly planktonic B) Having a calcareous skeleton C) Being autotrophs D) Having two flagella E) Causing red tides
Answer: A Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Radiolarians Bloom’s: 02. Understand
22) Which of the following are not protozoans? 1. A) Radiolarians 2. B) Foraminiferans 3. C) Dinoflagellates 4. D) Ciliates 5. E) Unicellular, planktonic organisms whose sediments form huge limestone deposits on land
Answer: C Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Foraminiferans; Radiolarians Bloom’s: 03. Apply
23) Which of the following are not protists? 1. A) Dinoflagellates 2. B) Cyanobacteria 3. C) Diatoms 4. D) Foraminiferans 5. E) Ciliates
Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae; 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Diatoms; Dinoflagellates; Foraminiferans Bloom’s: 01. Remember
24) What is the purpose of the spines seen on the frustules of diatoms? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Floatation B) Hunting C) Photosynthesis D) Reproduction E) Restore normal size
Answer: A Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae
Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 03. Apply
25) What is the function of an auxospore? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Floatation B) Hunting C) Photosynthesis D) Reproduction E) Restore normal size
Answer: E Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 02. Understand
26) An algal bloom is defined as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Mass reproduction of algal cells B) Mass death of algal cells C) Mass feeding on algal cells by zooplankton D) Mass vertical migrations of algal cells E) Mass horizontal migrations of algal cells
Answer: A Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Diatoms Bloom’s: 01. Remember
27) Bioluminescence is observed in:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Diatoms B) Dinoflagellates C) Radiolarians D) Foraminiferans E) Lichens
Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember
28) Zooxanthellae, which live symbiotically with many species, are classified as: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Diatoms B) Dinoflagellates C) Radiolarians D) Foraminiferans E) Lichens
Answer: B Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Dinoflagellates Bloom’s: 01. Remember
29) What feature do all protozoa share? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) Reproductive strategies B) Habitats C) Feeding strategy D) Structure E) Being unicellular
Answer: E
Section: 05.04 Protozoans: The Animal-Like Protists Topic: Ciliates; Foraminiferans; Radiolarians Bloom’s: 02. Understand
30) A survival advantage of ________ is the ability to withstand exposure to air for long periods of time during tidal cycles. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A) diatoms B) dinoflagellates C) radiolarians D) foraminiferans E) lichens
Answer: E Section: 05.05 Fungi Topic: Fungi Bloom’s: 02. Understand
31) Which of the following is a group of unicellular algae that have two flagella but lack a skeleton? 1. 2. 3. 4.
A) Radiolarians B) Diatoms C) Archaea D) Cryptophytes
Answer: D Section: 05.03 Unicellular Algae Topic: Other Unicellular Algae Bloom’s: 02. Understand Activity Type: New