Chapter 1. ABSTRACT

In 21st century airways have become the fastest mean of transportation, with increasing demand of air traffic, the competition in the airline for providing more cheaper and quality base service are getting developed, with the increase in demand the several airports need to be an international connectivity, to reach more people and make world a smaller village, Surat being the diamond city of world where 8/10 diamonds in world are polished over here, Surat needs the international connectivity to make easy export of diamonds and develop other trades worldwide, Surat is also known for its textile industry, Surat currently has domestic airport terminal which serves the 6 million population of Surat and 12 million population of south Gujarat and surrounding.

The need of Surat international airport has been approved by the central government of India and has been updated to status of international airport by AAI, the need for the new terminal building arises which can accommodate the traffic of 30 million passenger annually, currently Surat domestic airport is located on Surat-dumas road near magdalla, it comprises of one runway of 45 m wide in wind ward direction and terminal building with 240 passenger/hour capacity, using the surrounding land for development for new terminal building will ease the operation, afterwards by splitting passengers in different form, the design of terminal has to be more precise and accurate in accordance with 21st century modern airport need, the failures of other international airport can be overcome through the detail studies of their circulation, aesthetics, flexibilities & user experience. The major loop holes in this parameters will lead to huge failures and loss, today the airport once handled by government are being privatized which demands for good design and always increasing traffics, as a designer there are several points which could play major role in airport success and functionality, it could be circulation and user experience, the behavior of passenger or tourist with the respective space and response to it is an important aspect. For case studies of airport one of the example of Singapore Changi airport and London Heathrow airport could be considered, this airports have changed the scenario for design, in modern approaches the circulation of transit passenger is need, where people in long journey has hold or stop in between for the rest and re-fueling in aircrafts, this creates the business and opportunity for local to grow more, aesthetics plays role through the experience in space the more natural and modern look will attract tourist, the sense of nation could be explained through interactive spaces at terminal building.

During the design process the focus would be on several parameters, which could be approach for the quality design, incorporating those terms and parameters in design with space hierarchy and massing will be the priority for achieving and fulfilling the need of good airport, in the modern world of globalization and global warming, the design approach could be through the green building norms and sustainable development in terminal block, which is possible by reducing carbon foot prints and narrowing down the use of materials in construction with respect to context and form. Airport could be one of the major identity for city with parallel to its heritage values.

Key words: International Airport, Circulation, Aesthetics, Flexibilities, Modern Approach, Functionality, Terminal Building