National geographic 2009 heinle reading explorer 1 by Rain Frost

IEINLE

ENGAGE Learning

Nancy uouglas

HEINLE

CENGAGE Learning

Contents Explore Your World!

,&ape and Sequence I ntrgduct on Unit 1 Amazing Animaa Unit 2 Thvel and Adventure Unit 3 Music and Festivals

RwIm 1 WMd Herlhg~Wllght: Qlpf&#t#. Yscabulaw Building Unit4 Other Worlds lJNt'5City Living,

U#it 6 GlMhing and,Fashion

Vocabulary Building

Unit 7 Dinosaun Come Alive

Unit 8 Stories and Storytellers Unit 9Tough Jobs -'--

Unit 11 Legends of the Sea Unit 12 Vanished! Review 4 ..

Vocabulaty Building

. -

m M Sabinas, Mexico, scientist: nMay '" lia Earhar~L aft horn or ) round-the-worldflig&hat hqppened to hW @

-dShe.A, !,'

Nearly 100 years ago, a lost city was found

in the jungles of P ~ K $, Who built the cit* _

and why? .p. 40

The tomb of China's First Emperor has not yet been fully opened. What treasures might still be there? p. 142

a b,-IHXheiland, you a n s

r 4,mymmI G@ Pyramid was t b wc1,rtdk W!W builQffa: Who ma!@hultt %-'mawhy? g; ffT

A radii teleq,mQem Austm0.a ig li&ening

'R'ubic and Fastiirals A: A World of Music 0: Carnival 7 m e E = ._ e

~Blbthing. abb mshian. A: FrQm Sandal to 1,

1 1 , .

SpceBwt

HIP-Hop Planet

Usage: femalt woman Word Unk: -&on b -/on

Moro Than a Shoe?

WOK

- 0mzilian Samba! L

lk: -y

Silk Weavers of

- -

~ ~ r 8 t a f l e ~ ~ ~ G

:Bed Drum

, I KW,tkwi

Word LM

tn- J tm- /

un-

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Y: "

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&.; t -

~#&fkbr~ts on Flr&

... I

ers Grlmrn Thg Tale af the %ven Ravens

Word Unk; -en .Usgge: eff&vs. affect

Tarmdo ~ Chasers Sm$kejumpers

Word~Link: -& Ward Llflk -menf

Wildfire~ Phatog$apher '

A: ~nei'entCky: T~otihudn Lk Wonders of o f p f

bmm.8u~~~r~

~miitlhstiii kme R&I pirates of me Carlbbean

$W: On Top of the World

I..

A -

Meico's Pyramid

Ward UnR: -ate

of the Moon Who BuUt Gla's Pyramid8

Word Partnekshlp: &k

p:P i o n ~ r qfs the Sky

Rinasaurs: Facf and Fktidn Wbrd Link: -er / -or Dinosaur \Mystew of the BrribI~Hand Wud Partne@hip:qaidioh Discovery

Wnosatp . . [.:m . eAlitre .A: PEhi&orio Pimeling ,B: Strange Dinwurs

Pirates: Romnet

Mystew on Everest The Missing Pilot

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word ~ord,L&$@q

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Welcome to Readitig Explorer! -4

In this book, you1 rravelthe world, *re jnteresfing topics. You'll

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add discover

becamc a better r&r!

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khWB&re you read, look at the photos, captions, and maps. Ask yourself: r d ~ d~eW Wb ~ h a &b ~ f $OH? Urban

wh.& will 1 barn P As you mad, check p u r predf&am-

what have I letrrmd? h you read, rake now. Use them I

10 help you answer questhm about

Write down-wordsyou learn in a

Practice yaur reading skills and mcabdaq in the Review Units.

exploh your world!

u':-cluBe

2. What,wn some mima$ do that h m ~ g@f@'s 3. What iis vour W i t e a n i d ? W

A. True or False. Read the sentences below, and circle T (True) or F (False).Then cheek your a W & s an page 18.

Fast Facts: The Bottlenose Dolphin 1. Dolphins are mammals (like cats, horses,

and<humans), not fiSh. 2. A dolphin$ bra%is bigger than a human's. 3. Dolphins cummunicate with each other using olicking ahd whistling 'sounds. -4, As adults, dotphins live by themsdves.

T F T F T T

"Skim for the Main Idea. On Zhe next page, bok at the title, headitlgs, photos, and Captiauls. What is this reding mainly about? Circle a, b, or c. Then read the passage to check . your msw6r.

a. types OT dolphins b, things dalphins do c. what dolphins eat .-

U ~1 Amazing t

Animals

Dolphin

: I ) .

7 Man geople say dolphins are very intell@&. T h q &em. to t .- i ablei@ir&, understaod, and learn things qgi&f But are they smart like- -chumans -.-.--C of' more likk ca*, or dog's,bolpbg use their br s dBeredtly from people. But scientists s d d p hinteuieence and human h%eK&e arif&kii

=ACT I: Talk to Me

humans, every dolphin has its own "nar- - " TIE name is a specid whstle. Xach dolphn chooses a spcc'".~whstle for itself, usually by its first birthday. Actually, s~lentistst h d c dolphins, like people, "talk* to each other about a lot of ch as their-age, their feehgs, or h&ng f ~ o d . ,like l~umans,dolphin4 use a system of sounds and y language to comQ,cate. But &standmg their nv~---~:--is not easy' CArhumans. No one '"peaks w.*:-+~ m ~ying to learn.

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A n m e

v .=

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1 FACT 2:la. J Play x

Dolphins arc alaa SCXEIIanimals. They live in gaps ~ ~ d e d pz& I g d * o h j,oixiF&t& e m dii3krn.t E l play pmt a d have E z r G j u ~ tiitr peqkc. in fact, topether - ..

p% rgl

I Dolplunsd h m m ue z , i a & i n & ~ & . ~btr& make Ik &.m dg.wh U& an intrn&@m#@#Jy Zt3 d&&bs 5 q g d x m p k we a m a

p w ur r3Mi.nt h t v ~ tU@ ~ ~ .this mctiPoi acm m&h ala hdthe mca? TIk ddpbw .~;ea tbe,&wns Why ? Gat,$$FrEk af thk fkh.

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a IwtlGditif% m&, ynu make a g h r & s r wund tp tamI

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Intelligence

1 11

Multiple Chaioe. ' G h ~ ~ the s e best answer far each question.

Main Idea 1. What Is the main idea of the recling? a. Dolphins are very intelligent animals. b. Them are many dierent types of dolphins; e, Some >dolphin8&@mop intelligent thm h~ir~ans. d, Dolphins are humans' favorite animals, Detail 2. Which sentence about dolphin language is hue? a, A dalphh gets its name frsm its mother, b. Dolphins use hfiguage Tb talk about many thlrrgs, c, Dolphins whistle, but they don't use bndy Ianquaaa. d. Dolphin conversation is ewy to ~t"rderstand,

Detail 3. Why do ,dolphinss~rnetlrnes help fishormen? a. Dolphins am kind animals. b. Sd the dolphins mn g ~bud. t e. The dolphins know the men are hungry. . . d, The fishei-?n~n ask the' dolphins for hdp.

e 4, In lihe 19, others means ofher:, a pad8 b. people c~elblphins --

d, games

Vocabulary 5. In the smbnc~R e d~lphri7~ get to eat some uf the gsh, (line 29), what does get to mean? a. are 3ble to b. have to c. should . tl. want to

8. Classifi~ation.How a e .dolphins and humam diffmnt? How are thw the same? Write the answers (a-h)

in the dlagrarn. Humans

Dolphins

acplay g m ~ in s $map% b. have their own Trams c. use spakn wards ta

cornmunimte d. plan ways to do =mething e. caivtch fish for food f. comrnmlcate Zhelr feelings to sach other g. choose th@rQ W name8 ~ R. USB sounds end boaljr 1ahgu.age to talk

'Sup*.gd ,Bmm are'NQgmtdown, and w a n d h a ,in .-get M

A. Cornpistion. Compl~tethe inkmation with the wards from the box, One ward is Wva.

T b ommgutan,b ~

&r its red hair a d l ~ n WW. g

W I ; I

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a very But &d p u b w that the omgum is 1, animal?F Qexampie~ 4mngatmz usGdo] B. $@staydl-y~&&~ it W, b y W e leaves &om the trees a& use therillikewk umhtua! These q k l 4 don%W e a cmgkxl language 3. / h m a s do, But today, Some cjmgut'aas- a&; l $. a+-@ h bb q i & language. M q b e , in*~ f u n ~we ~ ?will ~ ~be able m,Me with them. a shple 4, L

wiTlPl&: ma& up af rnlp'parts

in red wAh a d e f i n i t l . In some ways, &d md h m m irl,tdigence are &e. BM just heii ma~t are some m i m a i s ? Sciatists'inJapan w a n d to study mcmmy in humans add chimps. ' T h q used this methad: they s b ~ e ad group uT tollcge students and five-year-old chimps the numbers 1 to 9 in Merent places on a cmputer screen, but onlyfb~ .a $hartwMe. The rest was ta remember the spec& pdtim of the numbers in the >cwrqrtorder. Every time, rhe chimps *re faster than the mdene. Why8 Did someone assist the chrimpgE N q but rhe animals probably had an impo~tmt dm- .they're yaung.As hoth humans ;and animal9 >get memory gets h r s e . The &mp5 also.bad mother advanrage:

Icss f ~ memory. e i. a way of a.ing srsmetRitIg: 2. help:

3. sirnilat; 4. sornething,tRat helps y ~ sucwad: u 5- ~~~:

Qeorgta,,aahlmp, b

6. int@ll[gent:

is W

The sufbes %nq and *newat the ehd af a a ~ r indkate d &at it it$ a nwn, For '&ample, &&+&tameIs the<noun b r n or asdSf,-and m m halping someone.

T iiiigent. ~

jBJArtistic

Animals

I Before You &ad A. Lahii-ng. Rpdb the FnfomatiQ;A$r~Iow, Thdn Iahel the nurnbared items in the p'tdut~wi.t2?ths. wrda in Mua

Can an elephant make music) Some people might say "no," but the animals in the photo are musicians. Each elephant us& its am!< ts, like the dmm or the rryLophone.

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BPredict, Whkh ofthm da yw think elephants can do?' Check,(4 y ~ u *WBF(S). r read the, in*farmat\or-ron the nwt m a tg c ; h c k your id?&@).

Musical i

Did You Know? Every NovtI-@u&ndsa?p~opla watch elwmnts danc;a arcd play sbmer at the Burk Qephqyt Royn&Up Fe;stival in Thailand,

In the town of Lampang in norther11 TI1ada18, there is an unusuall group of musicians. They play many dfferenz;h d s of music--everythlrmg Eram traclitional Thai soags to music by Beethoven. Both children and adults love t h i s g r ~ u pWhat . makes them so ppdar? Is it their music? Their looks?"es, it's both of these things, bur it's also something else: they?-re elephants. These musical elephants started at the Thai Elephant Conservation Center (T'ECG) in Lampang. Thc TECC protects elephant$. It teaches people to understand and care for these huge, but p n t l ~animals. , And, like many zoos around the worId, the TECC

Richard Lair works with the TECC. He: knows a lot about elephants. He says same of the animals' paintings are very good. But, in fact, elephants hear better than they set, And so he had a11 idea: ifelephants are intellgent and they have good hearing, maybe they can play rnuscc. To test his idea, Lair and a friend started the Thai leih ham O r ~ h e s t r a .During ~ a pwf;ammme;the elephants play a variety of instrulnena, includmg the drums and the xyiaphone. The animals also use their voices a i d trunks to make sousds,

Sangduen Chailert helps

elephants near Chiang at a Mal, nature Thailand. park

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Reading Comprehension

A Multiple Choice. Choa* the best answer tor each quastion. Gist I. Another title for this reading could be a. Teachha Elephants to Paini b. Elephants in Danger c, T E G Trainers d. An Unusual Orchestra

. The elephants at the TECG

a. see better than they hear b. 8re able 10 paint

c.copy humans t~ ptay mus'

1,.

d. make m'rawn insturnmi

'the Thai Elephant Orch~stra? Data!1 3. Why dfd Ri~hardLair a He had hqrd the elephants playing music. b. He needed Uo make: money far the TECC. c. He believed elephants could play rnusia d. H f l w a n t - ~ d t o b e ~ ninThaiianand. N .--A

V&&W .. I

In line 25, what d-a 3. the samekind nf

varieiyof mean? b, many @fferent c,twoUpes of .d to.0 ,

<d: .% - t. ..

b ,

%aphm@,5. Read the last sentence in the passage again. What does itmean?

many

anThe elephants play great musk* t

b, Human a W s now play with the elephdnts. G.The ekphants are 'every bwutihl.

d. Human m u s i d m want to copy the elephants' songs.

â&#x201A;Ź3. Matching. mat is the main idea b%achparagraph in the reading?

Match a heading (a+) with the correct paragraph (1-4). One headingis extra Paragraph

Heading

1. -

a. Qsle man's idea: The Elephant Qrche~tra b. An unmual group of rnusici@-s ., - ,, .,,

2.3.4. -

e, Why do animals like.musi~? , . .,, d..The elephants really can play music! e, The work of the TECC i n .

-A

Gompletion. Complete the information with words f r ~ m f he .box. word is extra

- --

q, - .

--.1

Many elephants can paint. In fact, elephan~in zoos .. sametimes draw on the ground with a stick, Seeing this, some ;@@ p;liniiig, caned &ow elephants how to elephant 1. h~heny,' @IWby Phdffg,an hold a paintbrush, and 2, the elephants alepQant'@the FmsJpl to choose colors and paint. Of course, not every painting is g o d . m~ , o m m ~ , @ m ~ cww Just Iilce humans, o d y some elephants are very 3. , Now, an o n h e gallery sells painkgs by these elephant 4. . By d ~ i n g this, the gallery hopes to 5 . money tr! protect elephants. -1

B. Words in Context Complete each sentence wfih the best answefi; 1, A @ntle' person a. wouldn't b. would

hurt an animal.

2. A tlLTge Bnirnal is Vety a, large b. small

3. If something is popular; a. a lot 05 b, very few

people like it.

. - . I I -I

4. If you da s~mefhing 'prraperty, a. poorly 6. An example of a musical'

a. an orchestra playing music by MO~H$h.atmcher~xpIaininghowtarea.dm . q l ,- . .

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We can add -ist ta words b,krmnouns. lIws8 ntrum ofien describ jobs, for example, artrst and a&nU&, -- -- .

- 1

-1. -

- 3.

- 4.

;&Summarize, Watch a s video, Monkey &&gem ., Then c~rnpletethe suhm~ryhelow using the com.e$t form of w6rds from the box. Two words are e*rm.

MALAYSIA - --

It. I@;ThirikAbo~t I.Hew d ~ , eSompwn s

Sa~wkwat

the monkys? I

Do y

~ think u monkeys are more Qr Iw intelIig.ent than other

animds you read :

about iri this unit?

Why7

1 Adventure - - -

Destinations

U .- Before You Read '

" Compl6lion. Look .at the

s, and'cread about

each pla~e.

Thm complete each description with a word from the box.

Top ~dienture Travel Destinations -,

camp

hike

cruise

.- . . , .

;<t===- .- :

thmugh beautiful mount& villgges in the &xi&% a-- -

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Scan. You are gdq:@ read about two friends' travel adventure. Quickly scan the reading to answer the ,questians bdow. Then read again taaheck your answers

1. Where did they start and end th@Mp@ W d i d they travel? 2 HOW many kilometer9 (or mile$ did they travefi. .-.A

I'ravel and Adventure

Many people drear@Wgoing on a great travel adventure. Most of us keep . dreaming; others make it happen

. ..

Gregg Bl&ey'@ dream wag to &el && Americas from tap to bottom. He got the idea after he f35sh.d a 1,600 &meted .. ;(1,000mile) bike ride. Gregg7ii Bmlr%men, was dso a, cyclist,l The two &ends talked and dow1'9; a plan: t h e . . &dd ti"axl fim Alaska to Argentina-b~ bjh.

To pay for the q , Greg8 and' Braoks w&kd and saved rheir money for y m . Once t h q were on the read, theys i n camped ~utdaoraOT stayed in h o s g l ~In . ~many plam, local people opened their homes co the rwo friends &d gave them food. _.'I

Duringtheiruip, &eggmdBrlo~ksqdedthaughdese&a,, . .-,i jainftrrests, and mowtaing. They visited modern cities ad$.--.- -3' :. - 1' : *.: d g a t r u i n s 3 such as Machu Picchu in Peru. And everywhere:i. - , 4 they went, they met other cydists from all over the world. t J '

In May 2007-two yeus, twelve cg2mtries, and over 30,500 lm (19,000 mil&) later-Gregg mwreached Ushuaia, Argentina, the $~u&ernrnostcity in the world, (Near G n a t l a , Brbaks had '%% E f l t;f ,the U,S., and Gregg . continued without himi, 9

The trip taught both men a lot about a a v d q i l a p d d l y if you travel a h a d . What did the,y l e a d Here is s k o f Gregg's &w Travel light. The less you'll worry a h t .

F ,yo u have, theless

Be polite. As on& travell& told

*&lwq6.

rmmber that t:nhady vim= to B h t , cheat, ar

1 Reading Comprehension A. Multiple Choice, Ghome thebest 'arlswgr for ewh question. Gist 1. Amthwtitlebrtkis r ~ i n g c g u l d hhe .a. Cycling the Arnerims from Tbp to 6dtt~m bnThe W~lthemrnost'City in 'tb$ World c. Thiqgs to See md DO jn Alaska and Argentina d. Argentina: The Land af Adventurs

Detail 2. Which sentence about G r q g and Brsok' trip ia NOT true? a To pay for the trip, t h q saved #wir money and trwded c h ~ q ~on l ythe road. 'a, Only Gregg made The cdrnpbfe trip from Alas+@to kgdntina. c, ohring thekaip, they ,metpeole tiam all a m the world. d. In Guat~maka,G ~ g got g sick and want back to the U.S.A.

Re%rence 3. tn line'l2, them means a. the local ptmple b. Gmgg and &Q&S

c. other cyclists d, their frjends

Vocabulary 4. Whikh ~ f t h ~ s ~ , w o .or r dphrases s is most similar in meaning to flwible in line 27? c. wgll-Dlmnael a. abl,e.to change &~iIy b, camfu1 d, dlfFicUt

Inference 5 Which gtatement wbuld Gregg 'most likely agree with? a. In <othercromtrcies, only stay in hotals or mh people y ~ kmw. u b. Plan wwy pad af yaur Wp so you can relax. c. When abroad, learn how t~ say "thank you'' in the local

language.

d, Bring a la? w i i you bn ybur XripV~d you &n",Z; have z'a buy anflhing.

B. Sequencing. Put the ev~ntsbelow in order fmm 1-8, Than

this story to a partner.

Gregg and Brooks ,start their trip in Pmdhoe

Bay>Al&. Gr egg reaches U~huaia,h g e m h ~ c d . Greg&goes on a 1800-mile bike ride, &egg a d hu friehd Brooks t& abmt biking i?m Pilash to Argentina. Brooks r e m a to 'the U.SA. &egg antinuts withbut him. Gregg md Brooks work to save inonq.

A, Definitions,?RWB thg NfiormWph bejie~(rw.T%@I mat& & wad in &nwHlg ha&afiitan,

ytiu UpImin& th ~ a v d a s p IFpmlrileaking fdg both h a a ~ t p n ~ , , & d v ethrnk n m ~ahout ~ viiiting F Y ~ ~It~IS an u arpa ~ . rhat . ii hared by bmh add k g e n ~ h a Here . are nvo place8 you &~d&'r miss: &-E

Gaveofthe Hands: These an&mc;t~epainthgsmre done 9,5011-13,000 years a p m e of Pm@s e & a ~p p k e .

* Ghes Ma&d

&~tts s pplate fnr W g and munrain didhg. 2 k blue l b dwhite f P L a ~ h e huge rives ofke-rhar were b m d d r l a 5 of y w ago.

i I

a@ce bagjr$ge -- -

9 p P ~ ! p $ pdtife eveiltually

relax

A lot of smart paple make mist* Here's some L* stay d e :

when they go hilring. that can help ygu

Before you start, tell someone where you are gahg and for how long, 2. if y0.u are going done. Nb one U e s to carry a lot OF 3.

But it's important ro take ceflaiil h g s on yaw : water, extra c1obthing,and a 4. cell phone.

R a nwn, 'We cbpmlmid~tha ss in Ims; adwise tP &,W, and the s k~pmhoun. tiktkzrnifie:L$nqy Wise$ABn net ~ giw pmp/e &&el Ad*

If you get lost ar hurt, you should "S.T.6 .I?>' This means: Stop: gt to 5.. md stay calm. Think about yow: situation. Observe: look around and notice where ygu are, Plan what to do next. Nso, it's important to stay in am place. S ~ m e o will ~x 6. look for you. 2A Adveatwc Destinations

"i :

The South Pa8ciFic :

I-.

- ' q ~ l l l l r g . L ~ ~ k a t t h e m e p q n d rinforma@i@n: e~~ t. Which countries are &&bed?

Ffmd and circle them on the mw.

2. Match the words inbi~e( a 4with the sport pictured.

kim for the WaFn Idea. On W - Mpage, look quickly at the title,

x photos, andcaptions. Which word best describes t h e

on Van.uatw? Circle a, b, or c. Then read the passage ts

b. dwamus

c. relaxing

Tmna wgm? pint A their C ~ ahd I dress in apeafal,ctahes for tl,,Gqmony.

Reading Compreheniion

A. Mulitpla choice=Ghmmthe b s ~mswer t im

qumi~n.

Purpose 1- what i'sthe ,g5.uipO& afthisW i n g ? 'to &hcoUmQepmple not to da dmgerou~sQort9 fi.to explain what volcqno '&,flno and land ilivinpat@ C. to talk abmt'ttle wa~U's b a t vol@nrj'sumr and [and divm d, tb campam gdivitim in Vamtu with sports in New Zealand

Detail Z Whi'ch se@fiCs about Mount Y . q r is Wu,@

a l ~ t G . r ? o I b n g e r ~ h~~pl$Ra,v&h~gn.clifi~ngitr6r:algn~Vrn@. . b. It gets a lo7 of $now, d, I@ ~n PeMmst I$l,Wd.. Detail 3, Land djving a. was first called "bungee jumping" b. c m e to y ~ u a t ~u o t dother n cauritry k; islet!@ po,puta'YMd'iy' thgn in f he pwt &B

R,eference

attra~monalactIdty in W U ~ U

Ir"llihe'2,,wh~~o.&th6S$t$f@~@? fpeople b .Wntrim e. '@Mimi$

d. islands

Vocabulary >5. In linQ 23, what .&BS the ~ p t hmeah? a -mapeogle v . b grbund c;. the tower 8. Cladfi~atkon,Matqh

Vblmna sWfI~lg

amwer -3l

3& 3

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t$ 2jd2+

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L 26

Upit 2 TraveI and Adventure

with the QctiviZyit dwrtribs.

Land diving

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d. t h e W l l U

a.'is only done by men b. is a new sport G. is denger~usbecaum Bf flying racks d. is a very old activity e. was fir.st dohe on P6ntewst Idand f. is siPirilar tq a popular water spdrt g.i~averyfestactNity

w*-&&&-c@&, ,A:tg$&@@ti6Ki@~w@18@. tA& [@.C#%@tlQ7$!$$@1 ' w ~- ~ i mt hm~ @@%@&

$h&$f?@$T Qaf ~

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centr;lr;lry - esm&jie

a -

exireme Tan11 - - thb

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---

gpal

kit

rbtiQloui9: .

T l i ~E a W gf ern P

Wh&C;: the CQ ofhmplpna kt w@- S ~ & I Whw July, far nbc day What h a p e s : E v q day, there are sp-pd wen.tg; music, dance$& and 1. ceremonies. Bnr,the p<igt:ofthe fedvd 'that mrit Mrh is *the pople af: 3, rumkg of the bull's." Every mdrbhg, a goup d Iialts rn$d m a ciq m e t . Hmdre& dp&ple iri h n r of the animal#.h m we& whit% ,a red s mfumhd they aiba 3. their bodies. Thk run laas tbrer: min nu@^. A wmser%4. is:'rn &Gun the b d k wi&nux 6 -fdhgar ge* 6. by .tb=. kxnnibg Y&& the b d a , m t ' ~h d S@ in the md is $rill m y popular today I3ih Fw and vidms:~b m all over tit* wwld Parn&~ 8, ~ join in. T4e ran is wry d a r ~ o u sSo . w h do pe~pledo it? , ,Far @ t k m f . Earsmwm,i~b a t ~ ~ f g . the run q&a &m6 ~ alive 1 6

Pmk W

n g fed g$in@Bt run from the bulls jp Pm!qn@,

Bp&n

B. Definitions. b e the wards In the,box in A to Complete-the defininom. is 700 years. from samething, you run away fmm It. is an a!m ar m e t h i n g you ate trying to do. 3. A[n) of $omwhere is fmm that plam. 4. A(n) them. 5. If you touFh someone or somdhing vw k r d , you with something, you know or under-nd it well, 6. A you are two things wether, you, bring t h ~ m tqdher 7. If you with a kflot. 1. A(n] 2. If you

T B IIB~~Y~S ~ QFV~WPUare lad by a fdhief. & & . d ~ n is~ very danq?mu~,$O y ~ need u to be very brave to do it.

'@a Sgmthafize. Watch the vidw,. f and Dhmi. Then complete the sgfim'$ymbelW with tKe hr form of words from the btjx. cBr0

TND>wordsWe Gx&ra,,

Madern hmgee jumpbg star& in N m M m d , Ent this 1. sport actually started about a(n) c

2, aga as a(n) 3, cerenlony on Pcn~wa-s Islmd. h the lrxal l m p p , it is called Nagol. Thrs means "land divmg." One i i ~has~some r for dryem: It's important to when ysu we on the. tow= h d if y'nu axe can be very dangmus, 6. The last time a diver died -,in 1974. But every year,, the $round hard and.they get peoplga. hurt. ~ m $ e&om other countria catl me&>but only Vmuatru 8. can join in Nagol. PUPa National k

~ e o g r a ~ h & d & athe , chief ddwkd one brave. diver to

a e m e m b h&leg. m.sto me the caM& to fhn

br0kij.but he > w a o rhurt.

;Wm& ,

?&&w@;w; I

-g.m -.

3:.

, I'

f I

Keb MoJ,a papular btum rnwicjm, p e ~ o m at s tha New Orlea%

petQrrhs ,wtth mower musician m a beach +=GI,

I ,

- --

I I

1:-

A. Matching. k d the i n f ~ m i o abovs n and m r c h ' mch word: In blue with its definitbn , 'I , ? fdd,ylqf$erim af or m ~ ~ ~ m e f @ '

2. 3, 4.

people from 13to 19 years old things that arc: difficult in IHe peoph'who am owned by ather people

II b

b. Skim for the Main Idea. On the n ~ xpag0, t look at the Me, headings, and first parqgiaph. What is the passage mainly ahout? @imIea, b, or c. Then r ~ the d passags to check your answer.

h 1 .

a. Famous hip-hop ahis& 6"The history of hip- h~p:

>G. Hip-hop

in tyvo countries I

1 Music . . and Festivals

. .

-1

' .

1I I

- .

iit ~ - ' a $ 'Cx ~ q in the 1370s.Today, -rrom~eghave &eir awn lomi ha-hap scenesil Artists Hip-hop.

AssaneN'Diaye, 19,laveship-hopmusic. He grewup in asmall 7 fishing village in Sen+. For a time, he was popular as a DJ in clubs-in D*, the capital city of Senegal.

T h y , Assane irr his vdicge He has formed a rap g m ~ p with other W y m&bers. They rap about their fives a villa@ f&hmmeo, and about w m k g long, hard days and ewsing d m a s t ^no money. Many people in their Citdl wderstd &a% -5, "bp? -8 .Sap3 "doesn't M a g .to, h a 5 c a n d ~ eIt .bdmgs here. It ha8 always existed hae* be-we \afour p;rin and Q,UT hardships>.,,n

Assane d r e w crfmaking a CD wd having a better Me. ID'@te

his hardship, rhg mu~ii--givw Asmi hope.

The Czech Rap-ublic

liy;~4

Europe is home ta 8-12 milli~nRoma--a group of peuple: 20 - often called "gypsies." Many R o m arc poor. they aIso fiw &scrimination;2 .-:'+' . .. . -.- ' . - :_ ,'

--i

r 3

I,-

Now some Roma teenagers we using hip-hap tolerance? Tn the Czech Republic, Roma teeas meet hop class called "Kap for veacq. Hip-Hop." is Shameema Wdhms. She is a mesaber of the all group Godessa, fro^ South Africa. .,

In the lessbns, the teens learn to write rap m& to teach others ab~jilltRoma culture. These teens, Shame believes, c m use the music to c h q c their people7satt'itudm. "Use your creative energy and see &at possib&ties4 are," she .says. ; . .

--I

,'- , - .

You wn referlo an arw H-activ@33 B; ' s ~ & & ; " ~ ? & W h pgrt b "ofmiis@ ~ @en$ =DIserhlnatIoh m W S treahng persan c# group df people Is= fairly Or lesswell than p t h " ~ , a Tw1emnr;e mems a w p t i q r l i t peapie, mQions, baliefs, etc. P+biMas are G t m l ~ fklngs ~, p u do.

3AA World of Music

'IDReading Comprehension A- M~ltiple~Cfioibe. GRoos~the bsst snsw~rfor each ques I

I.Whatisthe.purposesfthisreadjngF .. -. a. to compare American and African rap-music b, to .say why .some people do not like rap music e4!.to derscriba different hip-hop scrjnes d. ;tam @plain how hip-hap stated

Detail 2. AsSat'ie N'Diayb

,: I s b

l 11 L

a. only likes American rap m u s i d m b. is going to move to the U.S,A. c. has already made several CDs d, lives in a small village

:,:3. Which Statement would Assane N'Diaye most likefy agree with? 7

B, The best rapper3 are from the

U.S ,A. b. Rap music is a part of Senegal, c. R&pmusic came fa Africa m n t l y . d. Many Africans don't understand rap

d l 3

Detalf A Which sentence abou~the Roma teenagers is NOT true? a. They are using music to teach pwple about thdr ~ultur& b. In some. places, they am disliked, bmause they are Rima, e. They are taking a hip-hop class, d. Mast of them are from Suuth Africa.

%&&u~w

5. In line 24, what d o ~ the s word instrucfDtmean7

R'Classification. Match each a]

fa-e) with the person

it describes. Shameema Williams

Assane N'Diaye ?

helps students wdte rap m ysic raps about life, in a small villgge was a DJ is a m mbey a South

rap V Q U P

blieves rap music sm make, life better

t~ Completion, Complete the InfOnnaCisn below usjng the ~ fawns of the w ~ r d sin red.

me~t

Hip-hap started ~n the sweets and in the .dphafNew Pbrk city. ~ @ t ethis, hip-hop's look a d sound dm't bi-g to the Wnir~dStates only. The music chagts ~erywhefe - p ugo. A pefson frbm one backpod-for a m p l e , a Maroccan man living in Paris-might rap about one dung. But andther person (for example, a f d e musician Corn Las Angeles) will rap about sornethmg different. 1, S h a m m a Williams is I n )

2, If something $AA 4. YOUP 5.

rap artist, to you, you bwn it, p1ac~. w h m you m li&n to music and danw. is,irrformtion about you: where you come frarn, ete@@nQ a qlllte new farm af music, hip hop is very

forms of wards ftfrom the b x .

The P d ~ t k h group n DAM raps in sever4 lmguag~,including Eaghsh md Arabic. The grgup's music fucvee an differentmeld 1, . For example, they s i n g about &e problems thgt women and yowg people 2. They also fk& about tbc need far 3and tglerance, a e memher~of D M to cha~gep.e~ple's 4. - t ~ help pe,@le -h think differently about certain things. ' k TodayytJ~egroup pekfms fbr 5" in many

~ A

Usage

C Fertlab is mmrnonly u&et

ae an adbcttve, but can Jso bg a noun; in everyday aymamation, wmen w~dlyis more poIft~than f ~

.k M

$& lai,=w&& &Music

7 ~

3R I Carnival Time! Befor- You Read A=Discussion. Read the ihformation below. How are tha faur festivals similar? How are they different?

Every year in February ~k MqM, pqple iy many aquntries oelehrate mhival. This festival can I a t forswef@Jdqa&@+I at@ f'wr ~ ~ t h ~Carnival ~ ~ festivals. ~ ~ e s t

C B A ~is calledMad/GMB ;,

[ b m h for "Fat Tue-sdw):T b r e am paxM@s with ~ p l ine m8;tlrrr#, and the saund of ~&,musTefll6.,ttle streets.

law

y . - .

1 Port-of-9pah DutihglBairikal@son, ,pmptedance to tha rhythm dfTrinida& .nbtive music, BQ&. T M @$tiVal&74g\Witbtwo days

-.+1' I

Df PfIbT-ftllpar&%,

~.@bi@.%~~fi@~&dp@-~i@u~k~ ~ k i m passage on the ng& page;#hm~is%&:paiamai~lly&mt? Circle a, b, or c. ,-<-+,

---$

*.T~-

b,Lv=

). ,,=,3..s.-

Then readfiiepq&&&%6heck your answer,

a. a m~&E$b~rument b. a type of music c. a reggae artiAt

0 Reading Comprehension

* ,I:

1, What is the main idea ofthis reading? a. The Rio -Carnaval is the most important f&tlval

in Bratl. b,Samba reggae is wn impgTtmt iype of rnwsic in Brazil. >c.Rio samba is very popular all over the world, 'd.Samba is a type of African music:

Detail 2. Samba rqgw a.is mait popular in Rio ,deJaneirp b. is fastqr and mare-energetic than No salnba c. is q mix ~f different kinQs,,ofmusi~ d. $arted h JarnaiqB

P @ @ h m 4. What does Samba from thls r w i ~ hof B r . 1 isheavny rtlfMfiC@ by African r'whms (I\@ 15) mea? a. Wnba is. usually played by ~fricanhu$cim9. b, Afridn music W ~ irnpsRan1 S in creitihg BaMn mrnb a e, Brazifian samba is very diff@@ntfir17 A f i m rhusi~,

d. A ~ w nmusic is iiYmasli-lglyp~pularIn Mia,

A Complmon. Complete Vle~inWhWJan

P ~ r ' m than o ~ 20 pms, Bmxm has been 1 sangmter, m u a m , m d sit-iger. In the 1990~~. Lie a l s starm! ~ a nan,,the RacCamm&sic S&wl. pm%tlSa The ech~dpmkdesfree e b t i m far paor children in .Mvadar$,B a h *#Msn-pwR rneqfls m wr m@m,mno.

3, If

a room 1g139I@lWith pqpl@? fh@@~_rrihas

6,-a

pwpk in f , bd ViBry w

-ink I

W d d dmd Tohap is hama.to a(a$L. - .. kina &%usit. he m d of& -.[&d pm by the local$) 2, theair af this island nation and b h @ people fdiffemt 3 . together. The msteeiband sound (comafrom T U d 4 a d Tobago in the z Q & ~ , ~ mHow y w& It creatd! T U a d podurn oil. During $~oplekgm old ~d dmms as rn~~dicd irxsGem. he s~eeltind&mi all .kinds of m 4 c in ~r&dadand .Most -. tb, players do not rmd music. 7. They p l q music by ear undl right. Far the people of Trinidad, the, s t d b d . .

st&s , .

the p e e ~f Trigidad,d Tobago,

Must stdbmd drurnnws "play mu& by gar," What d,de$ this mean?

Q. Hbw is ~t%alMlld musk similar to or diffemnt~fmm &her rnusia db~udsedin thb unit?

Down

Acms

1. .winmifig that help FUSu&@d

a to herp

7, 10 giw b Q eQr support to gomeone ,8, the number d peqple who live in q phge

0%m y mmh: f u W d1. ~ipefi:ddlUOye%~ I S . a s M o d r;zt[iil 14 Mty I&' 15, @ qomething fClll 16, tg: cr@e,gomgthing tor the.$@ tima $7- Wi ljked by pmple 18, ia brhg m6 GP B~~OFBthingsto@her inta am '

rnw

I.In a fnregn country 2 very& 3. finally 5. inklligent 6. the people who watch or listen to a movie, phy, or concert 10. ta run away fmm someone or som"ething 12. an area in a country or part of the world 15. to begln to exist; to create

B. Notes &m@kUon. Scaer the InfWfnMDn an >p-

. .

Pew

in k t

W 1 ta compl&~the nDtesL

M O W ~ ~ ~ R S ,

b~Gnir4in

year

;papw\n+ion rdnytd q f ~ m

people

wore thaw

Vocabulary Building A. Ward Link. The sufies -tion, *ion, and - 8 t h change verbs into nouns. Write the naun forms of the verbs below. Use your di~ti~nary to help you. Then wmplete the information with the correct farm of the words,

What's the, smallest country in the wurld? Qne man says,it's his muntry : the P~cipality of Sedand. It has a I. of fmef &an ten people! .Sealandis actually an aId sea tower in the Nmth Sea near Eagland, A man w e d Paddy Roy Bat@ tosk the tower4 1.967.in order tQ,stuta m&@ mtimi. He formed n new u ~ ~ and ~ 2. q ' ' new money and a flag. But you cm7.tjust fly to Sealand. XQU need 3. to visit. Also-,it isn't on any map. Part of the mud 4 of a country i$ that it must h a v e ~ . h dSdmd . d~mnk, Fpr this reawn and sthers, it is not considered a real c,ountry. Bates' s ~ f ,nays i there are adviantagbs of having y ~ u own r '''country'' like Sealmd. It's a p d place. far ,a@) 5. -it% oa thpt sea and is,very peaceful. Also, there m wry fbv 6. ;in fi~r," you can create dlyour own rules! B. Word Partnership. Read the information and underline the phrases with take. Then use the correct form of the phmses to cample~~ the sentmd@sbelow,

T A K E A T R I P TIOl Visit Morocco -andenjoy its Iivcly m ~ k p l a c w ~1 m&mt~ t i e sand , b e a u w rnmand b ~ c h e s !

In -Wracca,mmt people tikc a bred<in .the middle ofthe day fot a long Iwch. Remember ta take advhtage of h i s time a relax a bit ygur~ekf.

Two Large music k&ak take place in J ~ G the : World Music P~stivda d &e Fe&al offWo~1d

1, lfyiiu, 2.lfyGu. 3. If you. 4. if y ~ u 5. If mmethjhg

, you stop and relax for a short time. , you travel sornQwhere, something, you use it well and it helps you, sorneaneJs , you follow thgir suggestion. , it happens.

-**

Discuss these quesi with a partne~ 1. Have you recently s'e'en a movie b r W s iVabtutspac~;1 D-ribe it.. 2. Do you thinklifeexistsonother planets' dhyarwhynot? 3. Do you think governments should spend money m spav zvel and res Why or why not?

"on 1 Before You Read A. Labeling. Using the s p a w belowqlabel the numbered Items in the pictures with the words in blue.

The Hubble Telescope gets its name from aswunonler Edwin Hub<ble( 1889-19 5 3). Since 1990, the Hubble Telescope has been sending images from space t.o, Earth. It has sent pictures of trhe eight planets in our solar system. It !ms shown us haw stars (kaur sun) are born and die It has also sent pictures of other planets .and star$ in our g d q and other galaxies, such as NGC 4414,picwed above. With the Hubble Telescope, we have looked deep into space and have learned more about it and oursdvw.

B. Predict. Read the first paragraph un the next page. Answer the qu~stiansbelow. Then read the whole passage to check your ideas. 1. What do Shostak and Barnett thinW a, We might soon communicate with beings

from space. b. We will pfobably mver find intelligent life

outside Earth, c. We have probably already contacted beiqgs from space. 2.What is one possible reason for Shostak and Barn&% spinion?

L i f e Beyond 1

Xs there ~

sgientists =id "ma,"' er "we dm't how.= But t&y this is d;langing. Seth Shotjtak :md Alexandra Bart~itt am aitronam. They believe intdigcnt lik exist$ 8gm~t"hqt.ein rhe univem.l mey dSrs think We will

t ~ l ~ ~ lifer on l l a&iq t pImets.% FW yam,

mm eW&

&me kin@.'

Wlhy do %ogak arid B a ~ think t intellisnr ti& exists on Mher planetsl The first r~asokis time. Scientigts beiievc the univefse b 3hcz-t 12 billim w years old. This is too long, say.Shosnk antt Barnett, far bidy m e planer in the,m&~univeem'mlmve intelligent life. The second reaMn is s i z e h e miverse is huge. T & like the Rctbble Telesmpe %ave &CJW~Ithat t k ~ are e at lmc 100 billion . . . ts gaLaXie~P Shtak. And olar g&xy* rhe Milky Way, has at least 100 billion w.%me planthese s m might bE similar to &&.

L n n k i n g f o r L n t e l L i g e n t Life Wad recently, it was difficult to s ~ for & sig~x of iiltelligent life in the ~miVC~ge. kt$ ~ ~ i i nkropes & d dew seie~~tim ro smdler b1-t-the izc af M m ar EarthIn o t k r ~olar~jfgrmns-These pianca mi have intdligent lik. %

r A p h o t ~ o agalaxy f Wq

Uaking Contact Have beifigs from ~ M W already uisitcd Emhl Prabably not, says %lost&. The d h ~ m ~ h e ~ ~ e n planers is ma great. Despte this, iurelliyaa beings might wenn~dlycontact us usipg adaa meha&, such as radio ~ i & In~fach ~ they may be trying t s > ' c o ~ s m u ~ with , k t ~us imw, bttt we doll't ltave the &ghrtools te receive heir this is chmging+says S b t a k . By 2025, wtr, wuld 11sab m t x t with a d ~ w life f;an.n~s in gur univerw, m

;

* & ~ % porottw n [ t v i p ~ ~ r e ( ~ m m+nimi4?aabehg. m&, aiR&h ba ~ $ , Hi&nhah ik &WW~

)

w'th the Hubble Tslescops

I ~

1 Reading Comprehension

A, Multiple Choice. Chaose the best answer for each question.

Purpose 1. What is the main purpose of this reading? a. to explain how life started on Earth b. to explain the beliefs Of two scientists c. to show how telescopes work d. to describe what life on other planets might look like Main Idea 2. What would be a good title far the second paragraph? a. Earth: The Only Planet with lnblligent Life b, The Age and Size of the Universe c. Our Galmy: The Milky Way d. Why Intslligent Lie Might E x i i Detail 3. Why was it harder-to look for signs of intelligent hfe in the universe in ths past? a. Planets uwd to be farther b. We did hM havb the right tools, c , We could only see smaller planets from Earth. d. all of the above

wart,

Detail 4. What kinas of planets ?re most likely to havo intelligeht life?

a. smaller planets in our solar'system b. smaller planets in other sdar systems c. larger planets in our sglar system d. larger planets in ather solar systems

Reference 5. Iri line 34,what does life; forpiss refer to? a. messagw h. radio skpls c. intelliger~rselnyt; d. planets

identiSjr sezirchlng for rne$@(pB teals Does life exgt on ather plan&$? To answer this queistiofl, scientists arB using different methods, Some use I. radio t~Iescope5. Using these, they hope to get 2. ~ 6 intelligent m life an faraway planets, life Other wentists are also 3. in and outside our s o h system. But these scientists aren't only looking for intelligent (human-like) life. mey want to 4. any kind of living thing on other planets. To do this, these scientists use spacial 5. that test whether any kind of life ex~stsan the planet.

exercise allws yau to r&m,it makes it a. p~eaible b. difficult

,a in ~ ~ d d&gh, d,

far you to relax.

3. If y ~ u ' , ~ s a m a o nyou a ,cornmuniate with him nr her a. in pman b, by phone, email, etc, 4. If you ha= lived iil a: place your m"t1felife, YOU have lived the^

o$yaur life.

a some

W f$4mSwSbtUos-A. .

B. Words in I=orrlext. Complete eqch sentence with the best answer.

2. If

~ t ~ q~179 r ptmc i ~ ~WO

b, all

B. The maon d r d s the Earth. Thh mm:th@mmn g w s the Earth, Lbhh a. atuund b, above m

{v,)givesomeone a r n m g e , leave a mwsage, take a mmsage, get a messsage, send-amessage; (adj.)clear message, important message, powerful message, strong w a g e .

Before You Read A Wfnpktien, R6ad the defiiaitions. Qmptete the ,pafagraph with the C M Y Bform ~ QT the wards in blue. astronaut: a person w b travels in@ space c~lony : a place where p e ~ p l with e s d a r backgrounds live together establish: to make or start mmerhing, e.gm, asys~m QT organization 4 rocket: a vehicle used t~ travel to space

sdenthti he dtsighs spcesbips. Ht: ehxnks we should send 2, . into a spacc, bur ndt jhst to visit. Zubyjh wants M 3. on the p h e t Mars. He w a t to ~ change human 4. the p h into ~ a bew plam h r hmm to M. Robeft Zubrin is a(nJ I.

B. Predia. Read the serrtensehelow. Circle your answer and give ~ S o h sThm . r'eatf ahd cdrt~preyour ideg~ with fhme in the p a s q ~ .

- -

Sending humans,,into paw to live (is / is not) a,goad idea because . . .

. '

Stephen Hawking, ane of t&-mr1d7s most,important scientists, believes that to s ~ v i v p jhumans , must move into space: "On% we s p e d out i r i t ~ spaceao&* ~ . estabhh Wpendmt colonies, aur 5unu hould be safe:" he sap4 .

I I I

Today, the United Stat% India, China, ahd Japan are all p l a d g to .send n&mtiaut$ back to Earth's closest *bat: the boon. m Each country wants to create spxe stations there between 2020 and 2030. These statims d l prepat*ti humans to visit and later live on Mars or other ~arth-liki p1ankfs.

. 15

Robert Zubhn, a rocket scientist, t h u b humans should colonize space* He wants to start with Mars. Why? The~eart several advantages: for one, senpeople to the mown a d Mars wdl allow w to learn a iot-fox exampk, whether living on ather planets is possible. Then, we can eventually create new human societies an othe. planets. In addition, the advanwe make for space travel in the fields of science, technology7 -, and health can also b v- - & t us here an Earth.

But not eyeryan&;@hksicmhng huiii&is idea. Many $ 3 if@ ~ too ezpensive tp send short jeiirh@p.h - d most space trips are not short. A one-way tiip to Mars,-far m p k , would take about & months. People es traveling this kind of distance f3ce a number wf health problems. Also, for many mly spwe si$tlers, Me would be extremely difficult. On the moon's surface, f b i ~ p p l ethe , air and the sun" rays1 are very dager~us.Peo~&, weuld have to stay indoors most of the h e .

De3pit~these: c33ri~ef%~?$rndirmg people into space seem+ c&rain. In the future, me might see lurid tities and mybe even llew humall cultures on ather planets. First smp: the-maon.

DM YRU a m ?

me meek m74mu-t~ eat in spi3cicP

fw Ike,pa@aand chrrco~& &+~r, tor Japlan&,q. @tronam3 m e n

twadksma

4B Living bfi the -RdPlanet

h d h g Comprehension

Putpose $ W M i l th#,n a h ~ patuthk ~ ,p ~tgw? a trs giwimmifaripnd agdmd human qmwXmimJ b*$,to @I@%@ q%@t life:B lib & WB rY1Qm ti-aW1 6. %@ ~ ~ ~ Y I J & hX %b ~ ~fq a, to wmpm M a s and t b mmn

Inference

Wki& ~tatwmntwadId tE&phon t i W h g pmbahty agm~wrm.a

b, HurWirts rn~ula st& 011' mh, p@']"lqW@ ir$g gp&c@,

a BeTn@s,from other plan@ might'mjgnire ~~, a: Hms%hduldc u m ahere@mek& d. H ~ m m Madm wmlt b@ ln WBQ.

B. For and Againsk, Complete the chart with ihfownatian given in the mading. Which side da yau qree wW?

Sending I-iun~ans rlio Space

Reasons against tr43@&&9md hvefy wsts a Ini af rnprrey

%brig trim In s p m wm

, hwM, a& ndbjha &m humans ,

Unit 4 Other Worlds

Emh,

~ n

- m@t&thg~tirnsj.

mwy

Vocabulary Practice A Completion. Complet@th@ infamatian with the correct form of wards from the box.

One word is extra.

.,v

Ear ewlv 1. ~n Miam sm of the most difficd<dhgs at &st wcruld be &ding water*On EarthF we use a 1c-t: dfmter ~ e r byy .

A Tfii?3photowas~By

ws phoenix ~ ; r s @n&r on May 25. SGientists be rnap@till @st u d e r t h ph&bsurfaee.

O n Mars, ~ a p l would e have .to use much less-f~r emp1e, by wastiing mith a sponge and not taking a s h w e ~ Of course* we need w a t ta ~ 2. At &t, we would have to bring it to Mars with us. But scient& rhinb water existed Ma.n ih the past, and it m%ystdl be under the &the planet. So, in t h e e 1as we change 3, M a ,the planet might be able t~ have w e t again. This would ~~ make us Inoft 4. fim Bafttl,

A tlip to Mars, wauld talre at leas1 a year--six months to get there and six tnonh ta return r a Earrh.This sounds likiAa10% thhe,,,h t think abom it: people u$ed tb go :oq sk-month ti, to by $hipd the t h e . 6. Words in Context. Gomplete each sentence with the best answer.

I.One of China's neighbors is a. Chile b, Mongolia 2. A person who studies medicine! probably wants to Be a(n) a. doctor b. astronaut 3. If a group of people spMd DLR, they a. come t o g e t h in ~ one place b, move away from each other 4. If we make advance8 in science ar technology, we in those areas. a. do worse b, improve 5. If something benefits you, it you. a, helps b, hurts

'--1Link Iin,im = mi:independent,#poilie, Imp~~sibh 4B Living on the Red Planet

The M ~ o n 1 14

A. PrewfeW Read the eenMces. 7 Hen match each word in ,

blue wkh a,deflnition. The B4~rWs-sphere

prwm , t h planet. ~ &om many

h g s : the sun's mys,.md even debris (like flying TO&)

The E d drelas the sum. It takes ahout 365 complete orre cyde around the sun.

in space.

f p it ittab r A half moon Is meted a8 the mwn CW~s.thbâ&#x201A;Źa.

2 the I a y w ~air f md ~ t h e r

gass around the Earth 3.a series of repeating events

B. Summarize, Watch the video, The Moon. Then complete the summary blow using the , m m t farm of wards fmm

the box. Two words are extra, circle contact distance

mtim Wentiiy

m ~ g ~ a ~ 1 . 8a-u.flaneighbor tool

joumey

.powerfuI

For cefiturid, people have studied the mmn. Tn the past, some h ~ u g hitt was made af cheese. 0th- believed it ao 1, it d d &arise pcqle into ~cie~o1ves4l Today?we k n w h lot mOk about the moon: Iv4sabout dne qmirter the size of Earth. It's aur marest 2. . me 3, to the rP1"aoriksbout 3 86$5 0 h (240,Q10(3mil&$). It was ftfmed &bout4.6 billion a$6 kimrdck and debris &omthp.Earth.

C. Think About It. I.How big is the moon? When and how did it forril?

2. In the past, what were some bdiefs about the moon? Are there my beliefs or starb about the m a n in your coui-itry?

In 1609, the sciendt GHlto frst l d e d at the mom with a(n) 4. called a telescope, In 1969, astro-ts Neil k t h s m n g and Buzz Akhn ma& itbe first 5 , ern Earth. In A@) 6. fibm the mom% ,h t r o n g said, "That's one small step for 7% &,"a, ;.. .@antleap for mankind," The moga 8. the ~ a d & , @itnlooks d Merent in the sky at differ& tima of the month. W8@dlthese M'erent views the "phases of the moon." It takes abide 29 days for the moan to complew a(n] 9. cycle from fgll to .

* A werewolf tsa belrlg Wt k pa? human, part wdf

52 Unit 4 Othe~Wrr'rIds

To learn more about the moon and space travel, dsit &.hdn[e~com/~lorer

Discuss these questions NI(HLII a partner. 1. Why do people live in cities?

2. What are some of the world's most important cities? Why are they important? 3. In your opinion, which is the best city in your country ? Which is the r , . worst city to live in? Why?

In 1 @Q, only ~nsakyin -theworld had more than Inrnlllion ~eapls-New Yak. tbsw 2g30, BU p g m ~ nof t &e wortd?~ ppop>uItfonwill lbe In cities. Many residents d large ur&n areas will face problems with houJng , p~lluliwn(for m p l e , , of theair and wat~r), and ouime. -

In 2015, there will be 21 cttes wrth a populatton oi ian millio~ior more,

'7,

0Befbfe You ~ e a d A. Discussion. Study the map and the information. Then answer the questinns maw.

1. What was the first city to have a population of-mrethan ten millkn? 2. En 2015, how many cities will have tan million people or mar@? Where will most of these cities be? What will be three of the large~tcities?

3. What issues will people in these large cities face?

B. Predict. What can we do about the problems sf City life? Llst two ideas. Then read the passage. Are my af your idea$ mentioned?

54 Unir-5City Living

gain a rmllion people a week. This kind ofgrowth . . brings 5 problems,ar~dtoday many of the world's largest cities face siudar challenges: high housiug costs, I I o pollution, and crime (to name a few). What are some urban planners doing to fix these problems and improve people's lives?

S ~ Paulo, O Brazil. Worldwide, clW grow by a million people a we&.

Hyderabad, Ii~dta(population: more than fivc rnilhon ) 15

To improve: residents' lives, Hyderabad is planting trees and parks. The city is even creating "greener" buildings that use less water and less efe-akityfor power. Adding green to a city has a number of advantages. For example, wees pollution from the air and make it cleaner. In Hyderabad, streets were gray and ugly a few years ago. Today, they are filled with trees and flowers, m h g the city cleaner and more ~d10;Eul.Green areas also give people places to relax or &W& and wall<.A study in the U.S. showed sonlething else interesring: the greener a neighborhood1 is, the less crime there is against people and property---especially buiidings and cars,

r In the CIQ of Hyderabad,

an old factory ISnow an urban park

SHo l'aulo, Brazil (pop~,ularion:more tlian cig1:lltccn rnillion i 39

Many people work in the cenrer of SIo Paulo, but the~ldon't live there. They've spread out to neighborhoods outside the city, where housing is cheaper. Every day, these people travel into the city, and M e is very heavy. Urban planners are using df'ferent strategies to address this issue. First, they are building better su bwaysh2Another goal is to make i t cheaper for people to live in t l ~ edowl~townarea. Doing this mill shorten the distance people travel for worlr and reduce traffic and pollution in the city. ' A neighborhod Is m e of the parts of a ctty where people live. = A subway is an underground railroad. tt IS a type of public transportaid In a city,

&& urban Explosion

A. Multiple Choice. Ch'oosa the best answer fov each qu&ti~n,

Purpose 1. What is the mqin purpose of this pwage? a. to ?how haw two cities are improving people's lives b. to describe the benefit8 of smaller cities c. to explain why more peapEe are moving Into citiesd. to describe the l i f ~of an urban plmner 7 Detail 2. Which reason for making a city itbgnar is NOT Qtatedih the passage? a. it makp 8 ~ j i .r=lmner. y b, It.help&~BOQIG wO;rkk& S i r . L?b. It ldW%m%rimerates. - ti. It makes R @&/I% to exe1'ci&.

Vocabulary % In ling 15, .What d~Bs-th_~~Qrdg[mner;rn&~? a. More brightly coj~rqd b. better f o f~he environment c . taller d. hn16T% full of tfees

Detail 4, Aceording to t ha passage, mat problem doe3 S o ,Paul,p have'? <A. A lot sf pmpla, don't hava jqbs, 0, T M W~airyp&opleli3a it7 th& u€ywriter, c. A lot OT pgople are movihg BUS af'the ciw. d, Tm many pefiple ctfivt?inla the city rrvefy Qay, Rbference 5, Ih lif3@2g,what d~&Wemrefertg? .a. B w i l c. in a city b, aut~ideSiio Paulo d, cenlral 3% Paulo B. Classification. Match each answer (*fj with the place it describes,

S p Paula

a. is finding ways for people

to five near their wokplace

hh@*ab. is adding trew and parks fJp

tothem c. has Im than ten million resl'dents d. is !wing to refluck pallutian e.ismalcingbuildingsthatus~ less energy f= is imDfoving public transportation

-4, , ~ . : q & m --

& g&i

rnj&:*,, 8.

::p%

mi-&r:wmES, nQrnkk& && ~~,~$+@@$+l@ g&Q :+&j @p*;&*; .

-:&A&, ;wbk*w

sfi~m~ rnmTPb ' in;theUg~~iT

g ~ ~ ;". ~ - ~ .ta$ g & hg $ hm,?

, ,,

wbrds in Context. Completeaaeh senten~e with the hest mw&r 1. lfsyOu fix som@WinQ,, you a. makg. W W r k again b, @%Kit ,

ntce to Imk at.

2. If aomethihg is ugly, it

a. is

b. is not

3. If a cjty wpwiames gm&, its; populadorr a. goes UP (4~. .Q W ~ D Y U I - I '

4. W'ltt76ut &ct&y,

a. lights

r:T

IIIL

the

~~~~~~

tl[

1.j

,in gowr-h a m dl1 not work. lE-..F

- ,T.,;,

heavy traffic, light traffic,oncoming traffic, stuck in traffic.

I 6,!% Urban Explosion

, q

re--+

COmRietiofi. Read fbe dGfifiRitibHS. Cwmptefe t b ihformaCdn with the mirat f i m ~f the words in blue. mer&a,tg: people who buy or sell things

port: an area of a city or .tmM1where ships sap shopping md: large, e~closedarea with many shops skyscrapem veryhi& b u i l w trade: a, buy and sell things

City Spotlight: Dubai For centuries, Dubai has been an hPtant 1. stopped here to Gty, Ship and 2. 5. and do bus:hess. a~t~ai h s ~m the ~ r ~ ~ d E~ 4. g~ M including:rheBzlvj Al h b . and the Burj BUM. * Dubai is & home to some of tbe waiid2si q e s t . %me have hmdrtds oifsrores, 5, and:&pmcenters, as well a3 th~aterc,

6. PMCct. LOOR qulckjy'a?the tMe >ahd*photoan tho mxt -page,

and read the first mht&M;e ih &Oh paragraph. h m k (4the infwfmatioHyou thjfik you'll read abut.

AND b\l0:" Dubai is like nq ~ r h e place r on h r h . It is the world capital of living &e-a city of big business, luxury1 hot&, skyscrapers, and huge shopping malls. Za the d y 20th century, Dubai wa$ a s u d d tradmg port. Pkuple from all over the 5 world stopped in Dubai to da buskess. But it was s t i l l a small city, and most people lived as fishermen, merchantss,or by d i n g animals. Then in 1966, oil w a ~diseove~d.h rime, this l a brought a lot of money into the region, &d soon I)UW began to chmge. I

Today Dubai is cme of t h e world's mast Muenrial business centers. In fact, each year most of the city's mud earnings come from bushes's, no^ oil. The city is &o a $t$ulPm&ngport.

~ u b is am ong of the world's f&test growing cities.

Recently Dubai has become a popular spot for towibts. P q l e fmm abroad come to retax on its beaches, and every year, d i o n s visit just to go shopping! 20

Rubai is also one of the world's fastest growing cities. C o m e o n - i s evqwheee. Buildings [some of the tallest on Ea.tth) we built in months. The city dso has a number of man-made islamb. One of these, the Palm Jmeifah,is shaped like a palm tree and is par&lady beautifid.

The city is still an amazing mix of peapl~ÂŁram different backgrounds. hdividuak from 150 c r a ~ u i e live g and work

Did I'w.FGnw? Dub/ h@m~rgahqp@tr~ w PGW ,l@n @m athwc#y in th$:wm~,i

in Dubai, and foreigners now outnumb& Dubai natives eight to one!

M a y people welcome the city's growth. But an *creasing number of Dubai .natives have concerns3about the speed af change. As Mohammad Al Abbar, a Dubai businessman, says, 'We musr always remember where we came barn. Our kids must know we worked very, very hard to get where we are now, and there's a lot more work to do.'? ' ~UUWis B y bmat W V f ~ r t&,

D ~ H Y & R@~&&df~~ Wid &PWlsh,@ thimtk V me group dfppf&outnumben anarher; the fl&.group t wmate m l a 7hw the q m d group, a A c-n b a wary W t a situwn.

5E City of the Fume

UiReading Comprehension MultipIe Choice, Choose the best afiswer for each questl~n.

Main Idea 1. What is the main idea(of this reading? a. Duhi is hemming an incwsingty difficult place to live. b. DLubalI s gmwtng fmt. c. bubai is IWW vsrysimilw t~ other citlm In the world. d. Dwbai was 4 grwt city past, Mt fhb ha&changed. Detail 2 ~ B e f o ~ t h e m i d - 1 ~ S Q s , m a n y p ~ I & i n D u b a i l i ~ e,d a. in skyscrapers c. as fis.h~menand famm b, on small Islasrd$ -doaedl wQrker>s

I 3, Whichsent~nceabout Dubai is NOT &us? a. tllubai now makes most of Its ,money fm.m,selling ail. b. Thereare a lot of foreigners wrking In Oubafnm c, Dubai gsts many intwnatimal visitors ewry yew, d. Dubai has created aeveral man-made Islands.

Vocabulary 4. In line 18,whatdoesthewmd sptmean? 8, a s m ~ I l , ~ l ~ ~ u l ~ i r c l e ( n~.amarkonthe~kin(naun) oun) b. a place, or destination (noup) d, t ~ s a s something (verb) Inference 5. In line 31, Mohammad Al Abbasays, "Wemustakay8 remember where we game from . . ." What do= this mean? a. Wa shautd always reinernher we ara from Dubai. b, We should only think about the future-what atto do next, c, We must always re.membw our past.

d. We should always visit Dubai, even if we no IonQerlive thew.

B. Summary, Gampl~tethe information about Rubai with words from the reading.

p-: Today, th@city earns most of it$ mmsy from 1. #mek

Dubai is one of the 2.

-growing eitiw En the world,

PQpl4wul People from o v ~3. r nations live in Dubai. For every ma Dubai native, there are 4. fmiigners.

rnlnesw brr:eindoo Relax on one of DubaiS 5. 6. , L City Living

in one of its many malls.

or go

A. Matching. Raad the infamatlon below. Then match each word in pd with its dsfi'nitian. A!:. - *. . I 1 The PtaIrn Juneitah was the &sr man-made island bust in 2. Dubai. Comaudon began in 2001 and w s mmp1eted in -

2006. Property here was p d q d w l y expensive, but this didn4 PC stop people from buying all 4,000 homes on the island in , ; 72 hour& The Palm also has a number of places for taurlsts to visit, including beaches; restaurants, shops, and parks. .-

.- There is also anbthtr g o u p of islands, called "The World,"

behg created in Dubai. These 300 islands are ha pa like a map of the world. An entire island cbsw about 3 0 million U.S . dollars to buy, and sales have already been s'utcw&l. The island of Irdand, .far ex%mpIe,will become an Itish-themed vacation spot.

a. especially, very b. doing well

e. building d min the form of a people who visit a place an vacation 6. Completion. Complete the 9entences with the correct farm of

wards from the boxhOne word is extra, . .,L k

1, In many cities, st%oldngisn't allowed in public places,

Many,.p&ple

this chang~,.

2. Bullfighting . . , in Asia? Yes, the.city ~f Jongdo in Korea h a s its bullfighting festival every year in March. , ,-

.-..+-

4. Las Vegas is now ,a child-friendly city, and many pwmts take t hejr I I* - if16 ."+> I 1 thereqnvacation. - :-I - - ..

5. Every year, big cities around the world decome expensive to live in.

I hese aaje;mv$s mean "having a lot of

a dalorful mrn has a lot of color;

-.;:

something," Far example,

IL?

- -.., :,,

3. A(n) city (like Tokyo a London) is ah imporfa& world center for businmB, cultufe, etCc *I!'# - L

1.-

(,,

,w! '

A.8

IT 1- ='

.. .

in Venice Preview. Lmk arthe photo and f a d the. sentap.

I '

$ @ ! lJ.&~mmarize. Watch mci v/dep; Living in Vmf& - -men GQITP~&~ the eurnmty below udng the Torm df word$,fbm the

m.Three wards ate mtra, C. Think AbOut It.

Vedce~&cItalian city of c a d s m d gond01as. %day, f@s city ha$ ,many Venice nativaa pmbltm. I. the young--are leavirig &d mauing.tcjd&er 2. in Venice is vefy places. my?pi &nt >thing,3. expensive, parent:^ want their 4. 'Wstay, but fm many yamg pe~ple,iz's difficult to bay their own homes. Venice 5. y i s i t m from all me^ the world-dim% , At times, the large number OF people i n the a n be m y flficult for residents. Jobs. $re another prohle& , d m ' t w g t to be a gondolier q dc, other work with

1. Why am some residents leavingj Verrics'l Find the three rm913s given in the passage.

iy fa@ chdlengw like the ongs rn~nt'lomdIn this unit?

What can be done

~~~

nam~&m. 1 - w that it's a very special g& . . to live in a c i t y [mchT,& V e * i p k says. Despite rU of rhr 8. b Giovanni cah't lmHgine living anywhere else.

Ira-%-

LA ::

Imn rnoh & ~ u t6th

a n d the worid and the

challenge3th faCE!vl~ft elt.hib@:~C~m~l~lmr

P~scusstRes0 gwtl f . Oe you know any d m 0

and Fashion

From Sandal to Space Boot L Matshing, &ad the smtences. In the -picture.aboveI cir~lem example of each type of shoe.

Pebple often wear sneakers m play sports. hi Bfitish 'English they are called C"trainers.v Somepeple think that high h d s are hard to wear. SmJdials%re very common in hop ,cmnrries. Boots are swng, heavy shoes that cover y ~ u foot r and the lower part of your leg. 7_ ; , J i k Predict. Look at the photos and captions an ?henext page What do yuu thhk is special ahnut these shms? R e d the passage t ~check < your idem.

xi,, .

.d Fashion

' I

i a

More Than a Shoe? The Shoe Designer Born to a @ d s b mprber and a Qi& farher, Man& Blah& P ; r & i ~up i@ the Cai~w Iihds bear ~ r tf fhi c a . In his tw&&s, he m ~ fb NiSw ~ dPti.j;.$C:iq and began to d&fi sh&$ f6r *a.en. Today, hi5 high h&ls (often called *hfaolos") are linaiVh around the %&?Id. 'women lave m y lo sho@&%q~ Blahmk. "Sbfnedeep take them o f t w

I I

Wlip %ehis shoes so popular?Ye$; &au&. On the a&wZhmd,his lugh heels aren't a 1 6 particularly

They'fe also prices range &om hundreds to thausmds dd&. M-aybd~e bmt msw is this: each p i e of Mmolos is a work ofart-like a painMg by km. &ri&e.

But aren't they jus shoed "Yes, only show7"says Bldmk. "'Bq 8they brhg a bit of happinw to wmeorre, then, perhaps, they art something more than shoes," '7.-..-

Theshoe Engineer 20

At ($30,0001;$bpr; IIIQQ~~ boo@a ~ a T t space, yaw need h@ -tech s h o e 4 & ~ W 6 6 , EX&a d his ream&e GI "We're p1d&?o%themoon

--)rl-. , I.'?

&tt latest space boot:@e h/12 ~rekker.These boots u smaller and yc&& less than the ones Neil &rnstrdn$ wor to the moon. them, astrouaub ran wdk codbrtably or moon's r o d y gurface. M2 Trekkers also prdwt,snsnaut: feet &om extreme cold and hut. They can be worn in temperatures ranging f5om -212째C (-350째F) to c177'C 3 a (+350"Fj,. They are trulymore than j u s t a shoe! W ~WOM ~ m m , m ~ 6 ' m RS~a U.L W w&mWbfi M m fQp-mtwd. Neil A m n g ~&;tf$&$&&fi$~.&&;~~@fm, I$&,

w e

a BERLM~

Sandal to.sjpw-

A. Multiple Choick Ghmse thg bet .answer fw ~ a o hqumtlofl. I,AfiUthfifrPZitEff for thb reqpifi~ C Q U I ~ be -a, Shom.km Prrcruhd 'tR&Wwld b. A H B t ~ r yof the High tied C. TwQ Ifimayit Sh~htT&@&$: d. Qhumof t h Future ~

h maw9 R@'ka, Nd1 m&w' ' w m ta X ~ B

Di3ajl 2. People aften call Mmol~Hahnik%&ow

WW'h t~ 1969

+ t : ~&tin ttiea 'HB had@ I&& , hi$ k w b<&3 behind so ks muId bring

a, Gaslarim

b, Marn~lw

cbR w w

d. Blahnib

Detail 3. Which %@Dten~e labbut the M2 T r e k k ~ r ~ ~ i ~true? 'N0T a. They mri be Warn in vqv hdt or ~oldt~fnpwatuf@: b; Neil Armstrang wore thBm on the moon. c, They cost a idt of money. d. AsWOnaut-s wmr them:

moon rmk

back to EartFi',

In tines 11-Id, we ban change 0 n th@athop hand -Eo a, And

&. But

d. FOP

G So

5=In line 22, tbft78a m mmns

a the spa~8.suit6

b. the temperatures

c, ths M2 Tmkk~rs d. the bogts

%. Classification. Makh =oh answer (a-6) with the person

-v&6.~

o andt Fashion ~

>a.is deigning a specll h o t b, neds hi's sh~e$ to be @r>infoflalJle c. sap his: shoe3 are like at-I d. makes show that st a lot sf money e. s y s show can make people happy

A. Matching. Match each One word is extra.

40,000 y w WO:P t q l e in the. Middle Ea'lmd Europt start to wear sandals ma& of plants or leather, These S_hc protect their feet Born

Tb&1 700s: In Europe, shoes called chop6a~are populw Mth women. These shoes are stylisl~and beautiful, but t h e p & ~ ' range fiom 25-50 cm (10-20 inches) or more! Chopines-are a&@ only people with a lot ofmolley can buy them.

me,,

1, ~ e r expensive y 2, warmth, or a hot amperame 3. malung one feel relaxed 4. well dressed and fashionable 5. TOvary from one point to mather -

~nciern snow This palr of sandals, n o d Rep%h a rtxwurn In+

W ,dates frwn

W$1

rth @hLW BOG,,

.. . -=

-.=-:

-3 T=Y,-.YI-L

'-:.<

. =.-

B. Completion. Carnpkete the information using the form af words from the bok. On$ word i$l@$ra,

. +:. ..I

..-A

-.*

Tbe2Wcentzlywsral1. University of Oregon coach Bill B a new $ports-shm company. Later, it '

=&, L k -

asNike;In~i.

Within ~iEisypars, sneakers are popular , d e s i p m we tcying to create 2. %ry li@t* Sgw3wg may see mare -

8. ..---.;

dmast w

of sneakers that qr,

swshos, hd

w :

I ink

4A .From Sandal .tsSpqce.&opPt

lli Story e f ~ r You e Read A Completion. How much do y ~ wknow about silk? kook at Ihe plctwres and CmiOn~and aornpletB the pardgraph, Silk comes from I, .,which *en's really worms. They are can.eqiUars. To become a motb, a silkworm first produce$ a long 2. @om its mouth, It II'WS t h i s to make 3, .We &en 4. tht-eads fiwm thk cacwm TO make & cloth.

-- -

-, -

rfiber

I,,,

- '

G -

. ?

,\.

a man weavss threads

-silkworm

B. Pm-actWhich caunt'try first wed silk'? Why do yo,u think. it has bwh popular far sa many y@ais?Re;ad to cMck your answers.

si&,

China

,.I.'

*~r&:.yf is tjta&, <pke ;mq o p & w in 4,060 years ago. Ont: kgmd -.a silktaxorw'-

cocoon fell into a woman's teacup. '1t then opened into ; single, & b m h thread. This w a s aa imporrant d,hxmI.y The Chinese learned they could use the =moons ta make &th that was both beautiful to l w k at and ,soft ta touch.

h W m g sdk was a protected secret in Chima f i r many years. Jn ather ~.o,un~a, silk was very ram and d'wble.Often it was w e b more than gold. Legend tells us that the secret finally got out when a p&cess left China to ga to Jn&a.In her hair, she secretly carried many s i h x m i . . -,

~Iwg thc Silk wad, whch connected China with pIaces in f&e&&&dleE a t and the Mediteml-. EventdIya ~ Q Q & e , W 300,silk dso traveled from China to Japan. lQ6r&urieslawpip -&522$the Spa&& bpught sikw~rm

'@ lk"h 7 I

;to M*Q,

so AkU )d8tl&k;cp a little &a&the -r'mi Tht is t h *tie ~~

of s&

4. Multiple Choice. Choose,tha best answer for eaoh que~tbn. ,

G t

1. This reading is mdnly about 7 a. haw silk is made " * -- . b, differenttypes of s i c. the hk2Qtyof @Ilk & a Chinese legmd 2- According to legend,, haw bid people first learn about &lk? 19,An Indian prin~esstold p e ~ ~at e I 1. . ... .hiSomwne found it o'n the Silk R s : %%A man fmm Rome brawghk it to China. +.

l?li:-? I

d.AsilhmmSc~~wnfellintoawom@rr's~~~~p. ~ 4 '3. . i,,. , ., : 3. AcdMfha tb th@pasi&, wl 1 sentenoe is Nu.!'tie? a. Silk. is very delicateb. A princess tuoksilkwormstaanuthercountry i n h r hak. c. Sornetlmes doctgrs use silk in hospitals. d. 3lk can be cornfaartable to weaf in ~ o l d weathm :

;

-If

In line 8,it mya, In other c~untries~ silk was very mm.and value Offen8 w w wflh more than goEd. What dues this mean'? Q-m YOUc0uld,bfily buy 6i1k W h g~!~~"":~:',~'': '-" A b. Silk WBS very e ~ p b f i ~? \ l...-P ' ~ j ' *..* c. Many p w pIe baught silk at that t~rne. 8.In many cauntli~,silk wasn't very pop~l&~

T-

- . . A m F - .

5 IR'fir@.@F,,w&cBn mahgB the word actually ti0 a.oT1a:0urse $.luckily +mly d,hfact 8. Sequencing. N u m b the p l w , t-5, in which pwple first used silk a. Fiorns

b. China ,c. M d c o

dmJap.m

Virabulary Practice Words in Context. Complete each senten= with the best answer. 1. If something k ' d ~ d h it ,costs a.verylittle b,aIot:f 2. A jacket is a typeof shut-â&#x201A;Ź a. d r ~ s s

3. A a. moth

b. bird

II. I

4. If so,m@hingis unlarok,m, it is a. in pieca$ b. wntitinuouS. and cmplefe B* Completion. Complete the biography of Marm Polo using words from the box, One ward is extra,

Background Marcs Polo was fro111 Venice, Italy. h 1271, at age 17, Mxcd went on a trip with his father and uncle to China. 1. ,peopl~ often mvel to different places around the world. far But in 1271, it was 2. people from Europe to visit Asia. Life in China M e r three ye*,

the Poles reached China. T h a w about M a ~ a ' lsife there. One story, probably true, is that while he was there he met -md worked for the Mongol leader, Kubiai Khan. While in China, Marco &o are many 3.

made an interesting i4. : in many places in Chitla, people used paper money rather than gold m buy things. This was not common . in burope,

Ma"

The Return Home A&er 17 yews in C h a , Mxco and his f d y finally remned to Venice. The Polrrs brought with them silk 5. ,jewels, and a lot of money. $pic&, which were 6,

Link

Silk Weavers of Vietnam AhPreview. L ~ o at k th@p h ~ and b rea&thta information. Ds ygu k n ~ w anything else about h ~ silk. w is made?

@ ?+Summarize. Watoh the vidso, Sillc .hl&V&m of Winam. Then c m p l a t ~ A

A Ie~naleweaver us* to turn dtk thread &t&.

IQam

We often think sf silk as a saft mataid, wed t;o malee 1, dotha. Wk 2. -. thinkof silk as sam&ing that wmes from a m d ! Xrx dwViemmese t a w -

af Ving Nguyet, people have made sislc ig a6trgditi~ndm y for 1@Q y ~ - - * . ~ r t bwith g the s d k y ~ p n-HW , & they :do ix? . .

:.-:

I L

;

',&:

. .'hirmm3 k u

t It.

1. Describe In your IT

own words how silk is made in Vans Nguyet.

country known far a special kind of

. prnduce? a l ~ n g4. ,

wewe the rhread silk 8. s can be wed m make different kinds of clothes, p m ~ and , shirts.

a&*

and%ashiou

In the eighth century, one Million Kur&ns lived in Gyeongju (Kymgju), a tlvely coastal cjfy mllkd wifh Buddhist afl and temptas#Far near9 300 yem the entire mut-rtry was united, with Qymngju as its capital, u n d ~ the r rub of the powerful Silla 4 n . a Nowadays, ~~ a population df only 150,000 Korawns,G$iIkGyeongju home. However, over five million tourists , w , ~annually B to see the place where Korea was born,

In Japm, Kqr@$ neighbor acrg b . 4 ~ t he-muntry"smpitgI ~ 0 at Dutifig,t b ~ ~ e1x,Q@< t years, nv Vmfe ~dngttMt@i,inCIudit?Qte

'F,',%?A, it7 w@m'v*i&& Hairage Sites;, dl ,&tillin a madern city WAR cr@w is,$till hea3ily Rflu e n a ,by 9raqjtia

wndjtim, Althnugh

World Heritage SpogTi-gw ._ I

Vocabulary Building : im-,and urn- am u W to m a n not, b-,jm-,or un-to write the oppmbs af'the\a&tives :bebw.

;8, Wold Uhk Th& WxesVn-,

Use,yogr acian;!ty to htielp you. Then .ampletethe sentences below with ths m k t &rm Of the words.

Word Partnership: Read the infurmatian and unde~linethe phrams w'rth make. Thsn use the correct form qf the phrases to mrnplete the sentenw below.

Prehistoric Timeline

\ A A f l

F-

.;I

Where:

.'A*f@S -With its tong, sharp teeth, Masiak a ~ u r q & , was a powerfu~

paying atattention to the words /h'~WueThen answer thg questiafis below. me Cretaceous Period .,,.

2 4 ~ 1 l l b ' ~ ~ : ' b f i h " S Md dv temperatures aie petfect fbr reptila, Thwk become common sn Earth, and grow ta h u p &e%

~ ~ r p i l ~ y & '#- g ~

l"f@ddW-known dirrmauc disqovereg by @depntoIogists in Mgdaggsaar- ddtes kwk to this time,

What kind of animals were dlhusaucs~ dinosaurs Idk out cmplt3t~Ifl '3:Wat isapaieont~iogist?l'i 4, mat d o ~ sa predator mt?-3' & -& When did

-4-+.

8. Pr&&fm b a d the four questions in the paragraph:badings an the ~8 page and answer Yes or No.Then read the p w a g e ta ch@b

xwr answers,

7 Dinasaurs Qnrq Alive

become extinct.

FACT 6-FICTION I!:

you learned about dinosaurs in ,school. mybe you haw seen them in a mtwkm. But how much d & m y o w h o w abrxut these animals?

Were dinomurn-just big reptiles? a h r ykats, scientkts thought dinosaurs were big, dumb,'

;md cold-blooded-in orher words,,just gbt'repnles. (Somedinasaurs wept huge- But many m e ahour rlre size of madern-day W or dogs. Were b s a w s warm- wr cold-blooded?Pdeantologigts are not sure. But they believe w aume were intelligent. Qf come, no dmosattr was a6 mart ~3 n human or wen a mu&ey. However, some smaller dmosaurs-like the mo-rnetxa (six-foot)TYOQ~OFZhad f&ly large brains, ,\.) ' 11. , ,- \r r. +)

I I

/;Im ( I

(

.i:

1 -

-m3 t

. - q v

I r~mhmidTWM

'=T

#RSS%rmnasaunw r a ~ ar powduli pdiitotf. t 1 ~ ~ l I . l d m .

1s I

'l"t

71'-

me scimtistk thmk the ~ p p a i wis true. In the

bevies, 2: r w is often a sp@y

giant, but in fact, t h i s t@h@aurcgdd not rm very &a.P l i ~ ~it aj ,s tpo large. In ' d i g 3T. +EX probably moved a$ fast as an elephant. Also, T. rex had very small arms. without monglegs or arms, this dinosaur p~rrbablywasn't a powerful hmt&. It map have been a $c8-prepgcfh~t"'ead,d y eating mimahe that were alr~gdydead.

I-,

Utd an asteroid kill the d!nusaws? 18B-Mo111et~( 11@mile) d d i i CEIKT called & i d & Many believe d ~ o i arised d the extinction of the dino~atm.But ~ r b n e f a this, dinmaw were already d p g ouP around the morld, f& mimy r w m . At the end of the Cretaceous perid for ampl&,the global dimate s:was changing: the Earth's tempwame was getting colder. 25

~y-8

a@. It mated a

- I

Are all dinomurn now extinctF D~~ZOUUTS wmpttay +sappeared about 65 d m years ago. owever, ,scienrist~believe msder~1day birds are dacendmts3. s~f3d.13 & a 0 ~ 8 ~If 5 .thls h W, then din~Sam' &&vE% still wdkhg-and flying+mong us! kmlhig Is dumb, lt Is, n @ t ~ m . * If m a h l n g d h put ~k&smesMbet,It,begrrmIWmnmn m8findl$ w aesmhdanrs a E wple h ~ e r m p ~ aw r ~+EY $ w to

A crater caused by an asW3id FWMg EmM

ym.

YA Prehism,rkTimehe

0 Reading Comprehension

A. Multiplk Choice. Ch~ose,the best answer for each q-tian', Gist 1, hather titlafmthi~r&dng could be a. What Really Killed the Dinosaurs? b. The Truih a b u t Dingsaur;.I ,,A

G, Dinosaurs Uis~@v@W in blexim

d, Our Favorite [Ilwmm

b. IIt .WW% PBWBM MB: chIt WB dmih t a ~nelephant. d E& mhab that w m dr-

dead,

Dstail 4, )Whatt b &kuW?

'a. huge hob mwml by an a&wo!d '

b,'~type)of dinosaur found in. M&Q

a a tims fn dimmwhktary dl an midT T:X*E #

DetaiI L At-t h wd ~ ~f

,&tmaw perf&

a. saw din.mum&a&&terlfiy h. h u m s app& m ~k hahe Earth's tsmpervlra$ h n g i n g & dinosaur numberswei@h6i.eedng in Mexico '

1, 8,W18 t f i R ~ ~ \ i v & ~ ~ ~ i ? d l .

2 AII &adwA.had 9mdl brairc;., F%@~t?t~&@k h g p that dinWars wars tWld-birnW. & K m v m a Mt mhn@k & A ymng T: rw pmbabty had f&m. lib &bid. 6, P h t m scfmtl& bsliev~~%aX rna&rn-dq birds are related

%adinmau~.

(.f$

(R. ,%>

NG,~ u-

The ancient sea master DfiIzwgms (nicknamed "Gdziia") is a(n) 1. / :" of modm-daycracodiles. T b South American sea r~ptdewas a(n4 2, ' # . swimmer wd a powerfir1 -.

!$ca repriles like Dakos&u~us were top predators. And some, like Tyios~a~as, even attacked sharks. But in the end, shacks were the red sqvivogs. Todayythey are still dive, but changes in t h e Earth's : 4. caused the lager sea reptiles to become extinct. WQ m add -er or -or to ~ ~ r todform s nouns. These nouns often describe a p m n w h does ~ a cerhh action or job, f ~ axmple, r hunter dr inventor.

I A Epd8ndroswhs

ii-

(160 m~tlionymrs a@.

Oi%ove& In China,

1Before You Read A,Complstiun. Read the definkiom, Thsn ~amptetethe paragi-aph below with the csrrect farm sf the worm in blue. What is unusual . , about the dinosauts pictured above? claws: the long, sharp n d s on the tats of some animals fossk the bones M remains gf an animal or plant horns: the hard ahings on top of an animal's head unearth: to take somedung out of the ground; to discover so~nething Dinosaurs I~akcdstrange. Somc had 1. gn like giant kcnives. their heads. Others had 8 Several (like the C@rnu$~wzq) had huge ba-dies but very s m d a r b . Pateanmlogis~C O ~ M U to ~ 3. Merent dinosaurs dl over the world. Each time, these are s m g e r than before. Today, dinosaur 4. scientist5 are akkii~g;what was purpgse af t h unusual ~ features-the horns, the strange claws, the small arms?A d what can rhey tell us a b ~ u dmosaurs? r

'& Predict. Look at the p i c t ~ e son the next page. What do you think is unusual abut this dinosaur? k a d the passags to check yaw ideas. Bit 7 Dinosaurs Come Alive

;aidYou Knw? "t3@ mds"for irnpui,h&&;dln~swr

Lived whm 70 million years ago DWvered where: Mopgalla Wbw mwf

the,sa?Pde~-ra~lu&ts haw ,snughi an answer to this question for ;Ilmast forty y &. of &ant arm$ in Mong~h.The -1 of each, when M y .exten&id, w a s 3.4 mete& (@&i feet). The claws were 26 c:en&eters (ten 'inch~slong, EaleonroJ~gis~ r d e d the d ; a lr

n S w d & ~ f (m'tming ~ *mfible hatud-3 1

9aleo1ie~l~ So whgt did thb d m d look &'t s u w . Many rimes, scicmkts have egamhd &,e area where they found the arms. But sirice the g r i p 4 disc~very~ they have me&thed only a few bthtr bones ofthis dimam. D q i t e this, scientists have some ideas ahbur D&ilzocbd~&s ~&ppeWmce, Physi~dkthis &,al's Urn,and hands are sihdhf f6 d~&.i#harn*wik type of dinosaur that hoked b e a . . . m~$e~;day&%fcka%$d used its &m* for ~ t ~ h i food. n g But . when pdt~nti~lagi~ts use the size of D&u~ch~iM"sarmsk try to & sdzt of its boidyg ~ it deems ~ tb ~ a huge ~ been a n i m a l d o s t 12 meters (40 fket] lo*. This is almost as big as (a T. rm!

Other scientists have a different a&on-. They think Di$~che&aisW* a s m d & &saw with extmrndy long awns, But why would a rMle. m i ~ need d l h b g - w bng2 To climb or to hunt for bod, pefrqas? 'The h d y is a my,-,'' wys Thumas Hob, a paleontabgist at the University .of Maryland in the U.S. Yt +t n& be an o~nithomimid at all. But then what i4 id* Qnd p a l ~ ~ ~ ,t d. a. M g_ i mt l . f~ d . d d e n ~ ethis , quesdon remains mad-" An ~n6trfchlsa my l a r g e < Mthat mnot @>

'*VOU~' tin-&

ywt a m a m tEg%

Z k p body

t$.srnyswh

for e@h question.

Pufpose 1. What iia thsrridin'puw-po&aftRer~hdin$ a,:& wptdn b w paleontotQgjsts find dinosaurfWi1~ b-. .to cornpare T; rex and Dei~locheims e: to talk about dkrsnt dinosaur dismv6ri~in Manqalki d to dascrike m unusual Eyps af dinmur Detail ,Z Del#oc&fms

a. had very short fingem?on Its hand o. had w a y few bones in ib body b. had v,ery long,m s

d, aould fly l i b a bird

Detail 3. Which modern-day anin@ is Dairr~ckeirusmast similar. to? . a , a m m k y b.ahorse c . m ~ s f & h d.alizard Vocabulary 4, What dues the! wwcl,evIdencemean in line 312 a* infolrmatton 8 , qumtions c, mysteries d, beliefs

Inference 5, Which statemen?would Thomas Holtz probably agree with? a. Deimcheiws' was a huge and dartgemus predator. b. 7;m was a relajive of Dai~ocheirus. G.De/na~eiruuswas a small dinosaur with very tang arms d. We don't know for sure what De/nocheirus Iwkd like.

B. Campletion. C~rnpletathe palwntol.o@st'~ notes with information from the' readina.

Vocabulary Practice A Campletion. dompbta lheInfwrnexhn usingthe ~ w r Wform - of words h m the box. Onel wgrd is mtm

The largest ever f l y h mimd ~ -lived& &od years age. It was a type d pterosaur (or "flying fepiwq d e d B ~ ~ I E M ~r W n ~aaima1'$ wings m e '1, ,,eachwas about 12 #E*r5 (40 feet) in2. -the size of &@meairplanes! But did pterosaur: mmc from.3 smaller animal?And haw did ptermaurs lmrn to fly? For yearqpleantd~@$ts have

%catty,, one of the srndmt p t m m a w w5 &w~~~rre,d in C h a by w team & G ! h t s c ; asd B r a s k

A A paleo~rrtQloght wkh the

p-dd~ntd~gists. h 4. the,~y pterasaur (~dledPJ, G~*&M) W ' P FU . ~, O Q ~ ~ reptile G S S with feet 4mihr to 8 Kid's. Scientis@5, that a b ~ u t 120 d i o h ye%$ ago, t b mima! lived in tee^ in China. The world" huge ptkrbsaurs, they believe, were descendents dN. arj$hma

b d e s 07 ~ U Q W ~ B ~ ~ U S In Texas Memodal,

Muwum','U.S,A. *

0'. WOMBIn Context. Complete waeh wnbnc~with the bfM answer. 1, If yau mmtne something, you a ImkWltpicWy b. sttldyitdasely

Partnershio Use opinion with:

something is knible, it makes you f@l a, affa'id b, rhlax&d

4. If

5. An IImWWW qu&tidn a, Ms b, hasn't

been explained.

different opinion, exgwl ~pin@n, honest gplnion, popular o p h b . ask an phio on, give an o p b , share an oplnlon.

D i m s a y Discovery A Preview. Labd the piduB udng tbe ward$ in the box. Use a dictbnary to help you. I

I.'

%tpakbonp

v.~flem

1. Summarize. Watch the video, Dinosaur D % o v q

Then mmplete the summary helow using the c o W t form af words f r m the box. fhres wards afe extra. -

ilirWe giarnt 0piPITdn

~ a rpletely h

hunt --

opp&t 8

examine lak@i WatiVB

extend mmgrirn wek

Near the town of Sabinas in Mexico, scientists have discovered dhosaur. The animal is about 15 a(n) 1. and 4.5 meters (15 feet) meters (50 feet) in 2. tall. Why is t h i s digcovery imprmt? It ~h'oAws; Eha Stbin%was once a jungle. Sabinas is now a desert. The 3. Why2 Sdeafist;s ' in t i i s area has &aged 4. a 5, an answer ro quwb~. eer first discovered some the din;s@rr7sb ~ n m . e land foir a c,an%wwtiaproject. ees. Now paleoatologises me 7, = for the rest of the fossils. In thar .-.., this might be the most mmpletc dinwaur 8, skeleton in&I America. The mayor af Sabinas wants to keep for people the dinaaur'~&&is in a(n) 9, to see. He also m t s paleontologists a u n d the world t~ know about ~~ai&&&io" and &her &maw diswueries in the area. --

&h 6

~ n i7t~inosaursCome Alim -

I cuThink About: It 1. How do you think

the mayor of Sabinas feels about the discowy?

Which of the dinosaur discoverieq in tt"iis.unit do you think is most interesting? Why?

I , > ' - '

Stories and Storvtellers

. . t . ~ i a a l e ~ f , ~ & ~ a ~ & h ~ her ~ [ ~ ~ ? ~ ~ d ~ ) p ~ Z @ ~ W k & W . W h & & w & @ w T i t W 7 ~ ~ ~

m w m k m &

8A I collectors of Tales

Hansel and Gretel

In this story, a brother and d&erget lost in a forest. fher@,they meet a bad witch who tries to eat them.

Little Red Rtding Haad In this story, a pun$ girl walk to her grahhdhe?'~hwse. Ori the Way, she me& a wolf that wWs to eat h$r.

~ e f o r erou Read -- -A- Discussion. Look at the books above. Do you know these

stories? Are there similar stories in your country?

R. Predict. Look a? the title, headings, pictures, and captions on the next page, and answer the questions below. Then read the passage to check. 1. 'where were the men from? 2. When did they write?

3. Who were their stories for?

The Brothers

,&m@,aich o f ~ d q ? ~ m k M3-k p d , and listen gA Collectors of Tales

Multiple Choice. Chms~th.6" bast answer for each questi~n. 1. What Is the main Durpose af The rming? a. to gesaibe the: Grimm brothers -md,their&ofieS 6. to.e%pl.@n why &m~lllh f9gImportant in Gkrmany e. 2:o' earnineywo 6T the @rimpil$' faiq tat= tl to cornpa* fl$~I~g:,g~~,O-& .+- - . , ~ . . p d e fchildren's n storiss

k..

Detail 2- TWGfirWn brqtliem~ a. mv&hWttreT$iy WE&Kikir books b. qlways ~ & i t e t6. d Write &il&E~'$@@rkjjb, 12.becam l t i f G ' d in folktatel Wern :d. wer@adtually French but mou~dto @Wnmx

,&.

I..

3. In'lioe 26; what dOes:;:b~iS kpfer fd? a,, the Qrlrnm brbth~rs 0. the fa@ t3&> b,,the childr~n' d. the adults

1 -

semiice about

rimmsqlatar fairy f&eai6-Tr'qe? a Ohildf'err didn't l i k the-m. d T h ~ w&m y daket.

w $'@Ww@m @radW+

h M y ha@pi"itur@. ..l=

&$bl$ary $. tn line 32, what dow,mVpairneafl? . r;.. a, irrtet-est b, text c:,stmy

h. '&I-

'd. rnmage

B. "- rmmary. Complst~the inform- ~ rwith i words fmn? "

Grimms Fairy Tales L~

--a

Ai Completion. Complete the tnfarmation wlth t h c0rrvr;r ~ form of words from the box. Two war&, are extra.

In Piidand, there once was a region known aa Viem Karelia. The people here were great storytellers and had many fbkales and legend$. The most fmous is rhe Xalwah. This is a(n) ofseveral poems that forms ollc 101% stoq, . The Kaltqala tells tales of 2. bcitlg~and monsters. For catrxries, smytellers, called P%M &gl:rsiha* lear11cd and spoken the IC&.k.ev&la mernol-y. Today, Jussi H~~ov,hen is ~ i d k d ' slast great rune singel..When he dies, the ancie1-t: h e of rune singers will end, 4. becaust no one has 5t h e entire K u k ~ ~ k a ~ But there is good news. 0. JwsiH~uvinenis the last rune singer, the ICaltvah d not &e with 11i1n. Today,.there is a written 7. of the I < ~ E P & fbr people. to read. Also, British author J.RR. Tolkien (who wrote Lord of the R k ~ sread ] the ICaltvala. Many of the Kdleudh's ideas are 8. in Tolkiea's. stories, Some characters in Token'&books also speak a language sirmlar to the ancient am

B. Matching. Match the wrdg from the box in A with the correct definition. 1. m y writtan matwid 2. mainly mostly 3. making you feel afraid 4. gespite 5. suitable far a particulat"pekon ar ~ ~ ~ i 6 9 7 6, a sel or group of something 7 , to show (eVg.,in a mirror) 8. to learn something so you member it 0xactly

8A Cblkitois of Tales

qll

A A well

B d o e .You .&ad Diseussian. Look at the photos and read the paragraph. Theh answer the questions heraw.

Once upon a time, there lived a m21:and a woman who had seven sons. The couple wanted a daughkr very much, and finally, they had a girl. She was very pretty, and he^ parents loved her very much. Oae day, the father needed water fok the child. So b sent the seven brbthem tb a well h the b s t to get it. Once there, though, the boys began to khk and t b water jug fell into the well, . ,

1. How many childt%ndid the cbuple Rave?

2. w h y w m the ~ r c 3 tin~the i foresfl 8 What happened'theie? >---->

- A

8. Predict. What db you think h m e h nneH ~ in t h stdry? ~ Mad the first two paragraphs an the n w t page to check yuur id-. How do you think the stdry en&? ReW the re-& a7 the story to find out.

m 92 1

.- . ,

%$xikt8 Stories and &&fymiibcys

The L

TaL of

~SWC '"Bvh~e L WG t h b@3"' ~ ~~h ~ r ih t d: & t h ~ mgrilp.-UTheyare pr,~bgtaEyp l a w a .@me and have hig~ttenabput the mtm. 1I h &ty wme.@lmrnd irap ~avem!"h d when he ~QQW up, he,$aww.~exen black && flying ~awqy.The f i k was dm&& ' W ~%we, T I &JIE P he &ou&t. But it wa tbo. Idtc, HGauld not t&t back

.&Ew~ I

. 1

~,.w&.

lo In time,the )gdgrew up nnd & $ c Q P &She ~ had bxodi~rs. The story of their misfofmtl &m.d br~4hqxly3 and,she tq h d than. P Qy~a w die &&mhed &d mp. ah* was-?&r to &d her brcrther~,P M y 5she f ~ u ~ 1 d 6 ~ m eTQ . enter, she raeed&da specid made h m 16 a &&&I bone, wbich she did fitir hdvk. The @.+I thought and cut of? .omo f h fa+ i-kmenr, and then to& a hg&; =th it, 3he o p n a -thk&&tit m ~ d ~ &itxdde. ut plate and wen cups. She.ate On a there were gnd dm& little froin each. Ih the last cup, she a&txs&j.. . 20 &topped a -&at hw par en^ had &en her.

t&i@,

I b

Emn.mally, che.mvmreturned Eor &%ir d. The girl behind the door and watched. When the -nth raven &ank from . ..-iis cup, somezhiag hit M mtpth.The raaca7 m x p & d it inmmdi;ztely-it was, h ~ s ~ p r n u ~ ' T ,&h! .our sister were here,? he said, &and theslrw~dd be Hai" At that m m e a t , their ~i3tcrcan to t h m n , { y the ravens were human again. The brothem bed'the& sister, and all eight 'ofthem went hame together happily, Misf&une'@J+d

'If you cut sornetldng off, or cut dfF something, y w m o v e Tt wlth a War a-similar t&,

". . .aJdd *Ben, he looked:up, he egw s*@ I!&&$ b r n ft@lg.

BW? I'

EI;

Multiple Choice, Choose.the be&

answer for each questlgn.

Gist 4. What is this story mainly &nut?

a, a father who leaves his ~ k j l d r m b,.a bad witch w h lives ~ in a Egwt c. a sishr Who saves her brothers d, magid M F ~who S help children Vocabulary 2.

In fine 5, what dam turfldinto,msan? a changed ta e. drct~darQund b. Interested in ell return& ta

Detail 3. Why daes the girl cut off her finger? a. 5s she an remove a ring kern he^ finger b, hecause her finger is &wk,in.a&or hole c. because a bad wit& makes h-w do it d so she >Ganuse it ta enter the ravens' hwse Detail 4. Haw do h e raven8 b m m e human again? a. Their sister kisses them.

b, They eat a magio ring. c. Dns raven makes a wbh. d. They drink from a special sup.

Inference 5. Whd is -the moral of this story? a, Your parents always knaw best, b. A wish can change y ~ life. u ~ c. Don't talk t~ strange people, d, Work hard and you will be hqppy. Sequencing. Put the events 'betaw'in order fram 1- 6. Then retell this story to a partner.

a. -One raven.finds the ring and wishes he could see his (si~ter, b,, Ths ravens changs back it30 humans and return home with their si;ister. C. -Ths girl finds â&#x201A;Źhehouse uf f h $even ~ ~1~0n8 dl -The fajher makes an angry wish. His sans change in20 birds. e. Thagirldropsherdngintoone~f~emven's~ups~ f, -The ghl learns she has bmthers and she seakhm for tharn.

,>& Ootnpl&ion. CGrnpletQthe infomatiuh with Me ebrfect Tam aF wofds from the box. One.ward is eMra.

Sd Guy .and Josh Thome want t~ td yau a story-a red-& f&y tale. In one story) v, pms rhitd grows up md helps thousands of peaple in East Mica. In mother, a .succarf. hip-hap mtia &om Brazil builds community centem and hel& children. These -people - are t to lnake changes and improve lives. Guy and Thome's TV %Vpw.,4KB&, tell* these

musician) to a Merent country. There, the celebrities I meet pug people who are helping athers,. Many of these Z a.e pmr, bux they aren't sitting and waiting for help. They; want to do somethiig - now, day. Thek energy is am-. ?,

m w s stories will 4.

'$WR.M# w-

YOU

. "Once y ~ see v what [[these]pegple are

[bhg], you'll never think ahput these issues in the same way," Says Thome.

B IP>s@-hevthtng happ%an3 ~ l v l ~

it happws

b,8@&&

4. Y o u ~ ~ g naipgr9a-t z ~ st tMr@p

a know

E~FE and I ~a@~ct,am omi

confused, EfWt Is gnaw,

affecf iS a verb. T i hM q M e f l i t @ ~~QU&S of W e e 7he s@imt&~-st'&W the &f

of_Ehe

b-dm't &IW

5, If'sornethfng ,$tiomyou, it $urpn$eS you In a a, had &. goad

way.

medicine on rats.

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S k p y Hollow &preview. Lmb at t h stamp, ~ The Legend fitof Sleepy HoIEow is a farnous h r i c a nAst~ly.

iowthestoy?Ifnot,whatdo .ywithink it might be &out? . y I+-1.

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Irving did not Ate & ~ < m y~lee$@ %~ ' kliy /m ed in tbrs town as an adult. 'Soday,( t a u r ~ ~ ~ , ~ tuo isee s i~t n i n g ho,use s (s c o r n p ~ e ~ of his books are here) and to,hear The h~&@ofSleepy Hollow told. --

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. 7,.

1, Would you likk ta

visit Sleepy Hollow?, Why or why not? 2. Why do you think so many people like

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O, Think About I t

SG@V 3 t 0 n 0 ~ ~ . ,

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''W1.1

re3ding or hearing

,anather man an a horse. one night. 4begins to ~ U D Wbim.Id~abodd o a n t 5. the man, but as thq o t h e ~ rider gets daser, he sees that-it k,a rrran with nB..hegkaheadless horseman! Ichabod is . , ' and rides away quickly. -

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In the stmy, a man named Ichabad Cradle is ri&ng his home

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real people and pJaces.fiomthis tm.

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'Sleep~RLowis a mall wwn in N & W ~state:'-'@+;isthe setting of afn) I. s t o r y c d e d 3%~ b gend ' of She@ Hohla, writtznbj Washington Irving. Ining visited Sleepy H d o w as a 2. . The young man was 3. influenced by the rown" people and stsries. Wh-efi he grqw up, he wrote his h o u s tale,,ab~ut

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.I. n,,. l.,

2 'The"u. ~ A , " ~ @ s . -J&&o~' Q ,?~ q r n a & g s . , ~ ~ ~ ~ ; m ~ q ~ ~ 1 - i II . t~@mJ+&rG&o$,m!: I I

Wild weather :You Read Hatch 2. Read the irrfotm?tion b ~ h w and matah each word in ~ l u ewith its .ddnition, A tornado (or '"twisier") begins a,s a storm in the sky and exkn'ds down to the ground. A tornado's wind can move at 408 kilometers (250 miles) an hour. Mast turnado deaths are caused by flying debris (broken buildings, trees, cars, etc.) Tomdoes are Werney difficult for meteorologists to predict. 1. braken pieces of sotbething 2. peapje who study the weather 3. air moving across the Earth's surface 4, bad weather, with wind and rain

B. Predict. Look at' the title and, photo on the next page. What do you think a tornado chaser does? Read the passage to dieck your ideas. ..

' Humidityis the a ~ n6ftW w in the @, =A weathefW!?Illte $awl th@ d ~ l ~@dh.wd i h ~ sends b

k irrfgrrn-

abut tt& w ~ h s r .

d 9%Wild W d ~ r9@

Multiple Choice. Chad@ The' best answer far ~ a c h question, Gist 1. This 1:wdlng is rnainbj about a man who a. foltows to ma doe^ ta learn M w they form

b, p~edic3swhen t~rnadaeswill acwr around the world hurt by tomadoe-.: c. helps peonbe who d. drives twdsts around Tnrnado Alley Which statement about tgrnatbes is true? a. tvleteomlogbts uss w t e l l t t ~to~predi& when they will owur. b. They usually move in a et~aightline fmm ~ I H G Q to place. c, M e O r ~ I ~ g bcan't t s predict ~ m c t l where y thw will form. d. Pepple usually have 24 hours ta prepare for them. A tuflle probe a,cm predict b, chases

-tornadoes. c, gats information from d, dec;wa,ses the pgwer of

What it: paragraph 3 mainly mud? anhow tornado= deve1o.p b, how the turtle probe works c. how big Tarnado;Alley is " how S m m s Rndsa tornad,?

In line 23, what does the word spat mean? a, st~ps c. lse8 bePI~G@ do,wait tor

Sequencing. What does a stam chaser like Tim Szrmwas do? Put the events below in t b correct order (1-7).

-puts the,tuft& p~aWon the grohrrd

sh.&esthe imormtisn with met~orolo@ists

drives around, looking for tomadm gat$ close to a t~rn'ado -collects infarmatton fmm the turtle probe to I m n how tomadues farm -sew a tomado and fallow it mwm away quickly

*' .

A. Completion. Complete the information with

the correct b r m of wards from the box. Qne word is extra.

ia h e U&.b,$A hm~pmb-ably. t l r~ n~d-qw ~ R&GG&~W~ 8 qinegy a mwk j&verF NR it%a ikhmmin the lb-> Sea. Why is this wgk 50 ipmif~dllymb WELIM A ipt dit is darye dmiq *w~ when twgqrnm.~are. etgernb Wid, and p@wmGd @Om14 a. . ~ ~ Jmtih qe$ @I3 @me$&$$ 8. .. & h e w ~ ~ ~ &be$@. t i rMp.fbcdd: w m 3a d 4# TQ~a nuinbe d &e%thj. it i B . d @ , quite d a r k q a i d&g rbcxhy. SO atfue 6, theit ex&t@ help thw. Cm The bat; =$!A $3 *e &,ht 6. -

- -

Link 11

Evqy year, wildfrres. * stmy d a m ~ f , hectares of E m t land.Homes are and thmm&.af pe@e die. ~ m k j u m p &

we helping to stop dm. 5

What is a smokejumper?

Smokejumpers are a special type ~f ikef~~htir. They jump &omp h a into areas that are Mdt to reach by car or on foot, Wce the middle wf a mountain forest. They rn put outfwes as fast as thqy can,

What do smokejumpers do?

Ar a fire site, smakejumpers k t examine the l a ~ dand decide h w to fight the ;fireTheir . main goal is to stop a fire &omsprea&ing. Using We .quipfi.lontsuch as &ovels and axes,* smokejumpers clear land of burnab19 material Ue plan@and other dry m a t e d They carry water with than too, but only a M t e d mount-

Who can be a smokejumper? Although t k mtaj--'"r af mol~ejumpersare men, more w a r n we jaining. LVLQ$~ important ,ara9 ~ ~rl-1"-" : .land might. Smdwjumpers .mployd in the U.S., LUX ucamplc, must be 1ZB & 200 pounds (54 to 91 kilogram4),3sotheyJ don't get hurt when they land, or get blown by jw win&. iumpep must also be: +ibrXe of swvivbg in tkc In R u d a , m q y mokgmp~mkn& h ~ % f l a d food in the forest and malce *g1& futni~~I'f~m IEQ.

The work is danwmus, and the hours. are long. Xut for these 30

&fighters, s d i j u m p i n g isn't just an *pat 1. T h y lave being abie tn jump wt of p h a , fight fires, d live in the foreit. &2&-year-~ldRussian smolcejumper Mexi Tisin says, "This i s the best j ~ hb r mu h ys." b ,

&e.R>?

Did Yau Know? R M a fm tha IaqM number of ~ in the wratld.

Reading Comprehension R. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each question. Gist

1. Whatisthereadingmainlyab~ut? a. the life of a Russian $mok~jju~per b, who t3rnske4urnpers are and what t h ~ ydo c. the d'dficuities of being'a female smokejumper d. why people become smokejumpers

Detail 2. When a smokejumper gets to a fire site?what is the first thing he or she does? a. looks for water c. darts a small fire b, clears the land d, studies the land

Detail 3. If y@uwantto beasmokejumpe~,you must be a, alder than 28 c+within a certah Mghi range d, able ta fly a plane h, mda Vocabulaty 4, I'na wildwtm (lineP7), thaw arenot many a* ppe:ple s trees b- RIBS d. .animals: Inference 5. In Alexi Tishim's uphion, why do pmple became s m a ~ ~ m p ~ r s ? 8. for the money c, to hetp,their country b, fbr the excitgment d. ta work short hwn

agplYwith a r e m e add Cwrr ~~~pe~am?mplrnerw~

1 Vcjd~ularyPractice A. Garnpletion. Completa-the information with the correct form of war& from the,W. Ofla m d!s mtm.

Eighteen-yew-oldAJ. Caston is 1, as a volunteer' &fighter. On Saturday nights, he doesn't sleep much. Several times a night, he has to jump out of F to help ,somtp~'~.e. Dusing , be,d pPnd2. the yeek, he lives with his f d y . His wud 3. is king a high srhasrhaol student. Byt an the weeend, Goston k s and wgrlts at the

5re s#tiop.

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TQget the ju,b, C o s t ~ lhad i to take classes and learn cfifferent safe*etys U . He also had to lcarn to use differei~t fir&&tinp 4. -a, special flash lights, and other tools. When Castan w;ls 5. of using these, he was allowed to work inside burning builchgsA

part-tiqh* A.J. C O ~ ~ W ~

A l h u g h firefighters spend the 6. of their time guttin'g out kes, they also sometimes help people who have had accidents. This, says Coston, is one of rht: m ~ simpartant t parts of the job. 2 If ym voluntaer, you do work fm Tws,

-1

8. Words in Context. Complete mgh .sentaxe with the best answer I.If yau &maw sofvethi~g,@u it. break b. fix

3. We rrieftsm bight in a. kilograms / pounds

We can add q e n t to SQmevewlto fm nOUt&

describe

6;centimeters / inches

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4. If a bbok E 3 in the mWk of the t a b l ~ it ~ is @) the center b, tiem the @dge

uf tha table,

nOUhs.8ffm

action,

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Wildfire Photographer

mob. " What do you think are the gaod and bad points of Mark Traiessm's job?

!& Preview. i Look ai the 1

Watch the t, @ -. Summarize. video, WiIdfire~hotograpfldf

Then complete the summary below using the correct form of words from the box. Two words are extra.

;pear

4-y

dimition Ghupntly

mfprity

rni4d.e

fmpoiib1e nMkd

;

cmcupathjn

Serrifying

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& Think About It. '1. What are Mark

Thiwsen's ~cc.upat ions? What skill& are important fur these jobs?

_ *, _

2. Do you think Mark's work is more or less dangerous than ather jobs in thls unit? - .

is a photwg-apher, but he also has 3 secohd

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height race

Markrhiessen IS a witdf~rephotographer

$ ' h h Z6bs

A Gmssword. Use the definitions below to com~ktethe rnissina words.

Down 1. ~ i c k l yunaxpectedty ; 6. tb study sowotliing cmfulty 7. Vt& w a W r ha ct%%iinplae Q enumly 1I. a young p m n

12 &ht away now 13, ara~~ltable forasituation 16. to look for or wanh for something

17. to happen 78. b guess the mlue

1. v&y fast 2. experienced 3. a very large ar tall w a n of Wing 4, often

5. any writLen material 7. a gmup af similar things a tools used im a certain job 10. to learn sornwlng so you t-erqew it exa~tly 14. a c~rnptitignt~ s-e who is We fastest 15. to tell sommne a m a possible 6Janssr h

, -

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R d a W N d o d h r k on Nmv k W f l d " 6 h Island is like afi outdmr q w m : '&$ma is horn8 to k n d W of native M B , fbw~s~ md animals that mbfDUt7dW$WmWinW~&d.%~ a@m&@thing in RWlmd, though, Q the m @ M sight

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e Ntaori were B e anly d. Ttwy r n k trip3 there $rrn5bRa@*mrdkiptcl.

mfa exphr;e the tp&it of

d*m IWjoTity of way3 tm*s

came Q

by kayak ol $Kcapterr kwBv

Legends that a gpri tWmxl T ha fbrds @ tDaf:~

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d B s@iMe the

fmgnke Fwdlmd*kma m

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Birds in Dang UntH the first Eurc@aan visitars intr&udCfore~gnanimals to .We& -.. Zealend them W ,. e no . R a f d ~ w s8ec&&lhey . we& mi, '

,a gianFBV0FfhB.f 5m~llsof flowers!FThese birds must now r@ on their speedy legs to quickly f~ndplaces to hide from predators - -ow in danger of dying out compl-"-'-

Tha l#l&the k

national symbol of N m Zealand - is a relative of the e ~ i n c t MSi, a giant 3.6-meter (1 2 foot) bird that

men- .

A. Word Link The strftix merit changes verbs (e.g., mpIoy) into nouns (e.g.,mpIliymm5). Read sentenm 1-5 below. Then, c~mpletes0ntBnces Mwith the noun form of the

verbs in md. I.One way to improw your English is to live in an English-speaking couAntiy.

2. Dmerent sompaniss aehjeHmtheir products in newspapers and magazines, 3. Russian smokejumpers are paid about 3,100 rubles (IOO U.S. doltars) p0r month, 4. W e n scientists ~e.as.md the dinosaur's arms, they were 2.4 meters (eight feet) bng. 5. The city plans To iirve-st morrey ih a new turnado warn@ system. a. There is an far travel ta Panama in rhis month's magazine. b. Europe uses the metric system of to deschbe distance and weight. c. By the end<of the course, rnany students see an in their reading skills. d,BuyinQpropePtyisoftenag~od . e,Renti~gtheloamco~~900eumspermrsnth,Each i8d~0onthefibt day of the month.

Discuss these questions with a partner. ,

1. What is a pyramid? Where can you see pyramids?

2. Why do you think people built pyramids? 3. What is one of the oldest buildings in your city or country? How old is it? Why was it built?

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~ik.-le

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' p ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ h , h .a ..*F- b .thepbput&n chose to a n d o n the :'-g - clv,Archeolo$M~l stitl not sub why. Mde on& of the city9 bi>ggmt $@u&ures-the Pyramid of fhe Moon&moI~gists have discovered many .-* Utiu&u&burial W. -,

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Before You R e d

A Matohirrg. Read the inTbmitton Bbbve and match each word in blue with its cl~finitim. 1, placing of a d&@ per;Sonls body into the ground or a tomb

2, s~ientistswho study buildjngs, tools, and 0 t h objects ~ from th& past 3. leave a plaw, thing, or person suddenly, usually forever

I$ P~dict.Lookatthephotoand~dapt'rl~n~nth~r"r~3ctp~e,What did archeologists'find in the Pyramid d the Moon? What might they

learn fmm thee~thtngs?Read the passageto cheek your idem.

. L M r S f , d a City a

5 I

I I I

T8m

Teotihuaeh jtay-o-tee-hwah--1 was once one o f the world's most impartanr cities, but many things about it .me still unknown today. HOW chiid r4e people live, and why did rhey abandon their city? For years, answers to some of these questions have been buried in the Pyramid of the Moon, Nlsw, findings in this ancient ~-e are helping -archeohgistslearn marc abwt Tbnxih.rracb%people and their culture.

. -

Cines in the Pyramid

peaceful society, mostly ruled by gentle and w w Eut recent hdings in the Pyramid of the Mw-n something else. Archeologists &scovered a number wr 8 headless bodies. Most weie foreigners. Many had their hands tied and were buried -alive, dong with animals, weapons,' and ather objects of power. Apparendy.ths people and objects found inside the pyramid were offg@p to the gods.

Hwwevqr, the findings in the pyrapid are difficult to i a t q & , ., , "[These findmgs] are Eke sente~ces, says arche~logistLeonard06 Lopez Lujicn, "but we dm't have all the words. . . so they're hard to read." Despite these problems, several akcheol~gistshave , ,, d u d e d this: Teotihuach was not a society gmened b~ peacefd rulers. In reality, officials used human sacrifice; says archeologist Saburo Shiyama, "to control the people." The city probably a powerful army.5

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a ~ e. *.

-es

m,*'mn't;

The Swch Goes :On

Whd wete the city% leaders? Scientists don't know. They have not found a king buried in the pyramid or my statues of Teotih~acb'~ rulers. But archeologists continue to search fhr hem. They hope to learn more about the pyramid's craato~:$ ahd one af the world? sost powerfd ancient cities. *k v b a n abject used i6 Itill &Ns, I b a gun or a kr;rfe. * Humah s d k e i-2 tW killingMa @Wfl@?m - & ~to a QUd.

~ ~ a m 1 ~ a ~ p r P f ~ e w h a ~ M h a ~ ~

m** W 4 m1b

*8b

8 .

Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each question.

Gist 3 . Whatkth~rleadingmainlyabout? a. how tha Pyramid of the Maon was built b. dismv~riesin the Pyramid of the Moon c, a king who builtthe Pyramid of the Moon .I,why the pmple of Teetihuac& left their city

-..-.. L

line 10, what does the word ~iueis~ mean? a. questions .b. findings c. archeologists d. gods

- .-

iiT.'$WI! -1'

L T

3. What have NOTbeenfound in the Pyramid of~th@Moan? ,a. the JoJ0o,dies of kings c. wwporrs b. human skeletms d, animal skeletetans

4. In line 21, an archeol~~gist says, "[These findjngs]are like sentences but we don't have all the words za they're hwd to read." What does he mean? a. The* is writhg in the pyramid, but na une can read it,

...

.b. We don't fully understand the findnQsin the pyramid yet.

c. We have not made any discoveries iii Teotihuacsn yet. -88. The Teotihuachn language > . - .e did nbt have many words.

1ine32,w a. archeoldgists

.--

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--.

refer t d

b. Pyramids

i$. cities

.d. Ritrgk

0. True OF False. Read t ha sentencs helow and drcle T (True) or F (Fdss). 1. The people and animals in the pyramid died in a religious wremony, ,T F

3.Teotihuachn had a small army,

4. Most af me ,@ad bodies four?ql I the pyramld were peopl~? om TeotikuacAn.

TourIsts dmb d m B pyranfd w in T e a h u d n , Mdm.

A. Completion. G~mpl&etW iWomattm with the cowred form wow is &&ran ufwardis mrn ths box.

apparently expert

I I:

gowern 'indicate

HfE!

wise

awmt~~e

The rainforests of Central America were ,arx~ehome to milliofis of people called the Maya. The-%people had advanced sptems of mathemati.=, writing, and atrangmy. They also b d t 7 like the Beat ,citiesand huge 1. pyramids of Chichen It& ngw in Mexico. The Mayg shared 8 cammog cultrase, but they did haw 3 s q l e , city capital o,r ruler. Instead, each M a w city 2* itself.

How did this c,dgctioa df cities be~omeone bf .the a e a t e ~ t cultwe,inthe Amaicas? Many'snoas: believg a man from Tm,~nac&n mimed i'~ireIs Bornmwas reponsible . that he a r h d in the &cent fmdi,ugs 4Mayan ciy of'Wab h Guatemala on January 8, A.D. 378 with his &my. He then tobk control of TiM-me of the most i'mprtmt Mayan cities. What kind of leadm was hd 1 Fire is Borrz ,acoumged trade and 6, communication with other iti id and cultures thraughout . the region. Today, many believe this 6. leader fkam Teutihuacin s~onglyinflueaced the M-ayanwarld.

R. Words in Context. Complete each smtence with the best answer, 1. If you condude that something is Wue, you decide this you study the fd~ts. anbefore ,b,after

3. An ofbring is something you b, give to a. rake from 4. An Mkial is a(n) a, impatant

words to form verbs, a-g.,Indlmfe (to show or identify),activate (to make sorneth~rig start working).

someone.

person in an orgmizaâ&#x201A;Ź!csn ar gavmrnent. b. unimportant

lOA Ancient City:Teatihmch

115

before You W d

1, The

at.

we &&r-ttmIthe pymdd@of-

mtr4 r n ~ t t < . 2* When thy w m h - k built3th~.~pymid$ at 'Giza w ~ ~ w k i t a 23, T b l b & &mmd d Khub at Q@awm t h wkik ~ blest &&urn w w %,OMyeam

Predict. Read the photo caption above md skjm the' reading on the nexr piseawho do ~ O I Jthink built the ~ i 2 pyramid@ a C i W your answer. Then @dd the passage to check. workers b, fareign ~lavw c. Ewpthin whfdTk@s dl Egyptia'l-r slaves PI,foreign

7 who built IGiza's Purarnids. m

"iSc [.,

&r c e n d e s , the pyramids of &a have k e n tkiid-5 symbbols of Eg@tian cultwe,. But wtr9 ad21dy b d t them?&2$,

&DV4,

m did not knw hr.;m .But: ;

archeologists recentl$'&scovered I an an&t dhge near the pyramids. Close by, thexe was also a cemetery where pyrmd buildâ&#x201A;Ź ' ro studying these places, a r c h ~ o l ~ gcii 6 ~ - f ~ ~ l f q that ~ll the pyramids were aot built by d8~ks fur~gners(or :space aligns!). O r d b q Egypttans bwlt them.

1t;Mob about eighty years to bwld the p-idi. to archeologigk, aboat 20,000-W,006pmpl weke hvolwd in completing the s@c. The workers had W e n t mb.&me dug up1 the rock, some moved it, d stlmt shaped it into b l d i People also worked on M e r e n t terns, oach with h s o& name. On a wall in l&ufu% Great ~ ~%P example, d a group , of workers uPden$s of Xhufu." Teams often competPd. .. . to da a job Eater.

AgwI5

L@&f6f thae wcjrlefs .Sh a d , EGWe can gee that fn the? '

~Ic-eIemns,~' sap Azza Mohmed.Sarry El-Din, a scientist stud* bodies found in the cernemy. The bones show sigm of ar&iti~> which developed from carrying heavy things for a long h e ; Archeologists have alse found many female slce1:aansin rhc village and Eemetery. The: damage to their bones,is~Wm ro ttre men's. Their lives may have been even rougher: male wa&er$ l i v d to age 4045,, but women to only 3 Q-3 5. However, worker$ u ~ d had y enough had, and they also had medicd w e ifthey got sick m hurt. aborers were paid of their work. Y t ' s because rhey just b d & n g thi tomb of dl& king," sap Egyptian arcbeo~~$ist Z& Hawass, "They wae Egypt. It was a natbnal p-raject, and everyone was a partidpant

A, Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each -question. Purpose 1. The main purpose of this reading is to &scribe , a. who the pyramid builders were and what they did b. how Khukr's Great Pyramid was constructed c. what life was like for kings d. why Egyp~ankings wanted to build pyramids

tian an

Detail 2. Which statement w t ~ ~ the u t pyramid builders is true? a. They lived fairly long lives. .b. Bath men and women built the pyramids, c. Most came from other countries, cl. They rarely had enough tb e@tor drink.

Detail 3. Which statement about building the pyramids is true? a. It took over a century to complete. b, Builders all did the 3ami: work. - c. More than 30,000 workers were involved. d, Build@rsworked in teams.

Reference 4, In line 27, what doe$ th& w f ~to? r a, archeologists *'c. female workers b, male w a ~ r s -el. medical workers

Vocabulary 5. In fine 32, what doas the word laborim mean? a. kings b. arhmiogisks c. wok4, womm

RdMatching. Mat is the main idea af m& paragraph in t t 7 ~ rwdtng? Matoh a heading (a*) with tho corwd paragraph (1-4). Dn, heading is ,exka, Paragraph

3. 4.

Heading a. A Pyramid Builder's Life 6, An Impartant National Project c. Female Pyramid Builders: The Challenges dmPyramid Builders' Jdbs e. Who Built the Pyramids?

vocabulary Praetiee A Completion. Complete the inf~rmationwith the correct form of words horn the, box. Three wqrds ,me extra, -

leader. Although she Cleopatra was no I. rded Egypt over 2,000 years ago, her name and her stmy are still well known today.

Cleopatra became queen at age ks,,when her brMher b w e : king. The cauple 2. far con& ofEgypt, and Cleopam lost. Later, WQimpartant l d w 5mn-1Rome]&us Caesar and MUGhtooy-bath 6 4in love with ha. an - rn lagend, CIe0p.a- ,was w r y beautiful. She was aim appmntly very ,vmart+ShG wed Caesw and A n ~ a to y help establish her 4. as; Egyp~anqueen.

But staying in p m r wag hot $n easy 5. GJe~patrahad m y enemiep who eventually tpok power fim her. In the end, .the queen rn t a 6. ~ to ,8ur:endePto hef enemiq, and @dead 5 h d e to k d herself. Her legend s h v e d , h~wevtr~ and today Cleupatra remains symbol of andent Egypt. a(&> 7. 1 &.9parnyI~meanswho

a ~t

&hhder,

Imtwy m w wants b'harmyw.

w rnmu ha3,ht.

& Refintbns~,Uwthe wmct form of the words in the bmdn A b

I . If mWtt7ihQ w .@me.one is or usual.

,tt k d ~ m m ~ n

2. A@) i%~~'@Wity, at Gome Wftd of w k you 60, 3,17 :e,im&r"thifigbr Someone h , they am the sama f~revet;they &"thangh; 4, YWr is j u M~ pasitiin. 6. A %sn?ed%ng is , it is 6h0wn ta b@true. 6. A(n) pewon has aimng f&Jfnp df MF-worn &r sdf-impartm~e, 7. If tu!ddp p l e fm som@thingrthey tfy to

win

g.&,t

far themfei~w.

Use #ask with: (YJ complete 8 k k ,give;s.orWne a task, face a task,,pe&m a task easy task, impqrhnt @& Jmpossibte &t simple task.

(&dl,) dlffIcuh,&t

Giza Pyramids .

.', .

A Preview. Look at the photos and read the mptions. What kinds

"'i

I_ - -

en complete the summary below using the correct o m of words from the box. Two words are extra. . _,

aii~ordjiiig.b* ,,&xped Irnclal , . con~lude .i lordinaw "

I I

+ I

h& 8m@bs

. p ~ d .mt,e-

stn@tir'm

W w

%r the pyramids at Giza, a huge w d is being b d t . What is h e purp~scof this 1. ? Zalcu Hawass is a(n) 2. - in Egyptian arrchtology~ 3. him,a teriible thing is h + e a g in Giza. Near the p y r d d s , camels and horses are everywhere. Merchanrs 4. to self souvenirs to tourists, Many people act likq these monuments-the pyramids and t h ~ structures. Bur they are very -they have existed Eur of Egyptians are 7, ,. , says ~ a w a s sW ,U I kekp out souvenir sellerg als. Then visitors will be able to feel this place's . . magic. . . >-, .

G i houses are built almdst right next t o the 6ty 8. cannot pull down @E Tj@&gs, but they can put up<a wail to protect the yramids. B&ding the wail is a(n) 9. thing. do, says K Gva If the important of building the wall is aat complete ~ s d - may h be gone i,ga h13.ndrgd years.

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o 4

J ,

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. ,

' 1

$71

!tm v o 'you jhhkibuilding the wall is a guod id& Why or why nat?

2. Which old buildjngs GT

structures in your country must heed to be protected? Why and how .doyou think they 6hauld be I

. I

protected? -

. Q r n t r ~ ~with ~ r ; a partner. P been on a boat or a ship? What do you remember about the trip? ow any famous stories or legends about the sea or sailors? photo discovered a skull underwater. What other things m~ghtbe 1.

* '

C$ptain Sarnud Bellmy (In the red *at) and his pirates takemother ship.

Before You Read A Matching. Read the information b,&w and match each word in blue with its definition, Z!&B G o k &e of Pi-~my (1660-1 730) During the perbod 1660-1730, fiere was a lot of maritime trade between Europe, Africa, the Caribbean, and the, easbm coLmtsof the. Americas. Some goods commonly traded wee ~lsth, spices, and weapons, By the 1720s, piiatmw~rec@t-~mom-B@e~iallyin the Caribbean.

* Each pirate ship was lad by a captain. One of tha most famous was Black Sam Bellamy (pictured). 1, thel~aderofthepeopiesnaship Pwd@,3..~ 2. retated to the sea

3. things that are ma& to be a l d

.&;

/I-,.-, I

4 ;M-& 19

-jL "c--

B. Predict. What do you think pirates were really like? Read the sentences and circle T (True) or F (Fals~). Then read the pd*age to check your ideas. I. Only the captain mad@the ship's rules.

2. Pirates made most of their money by stealing gold. -3, Many pirates had w~,odenlegs or ware earrings.

a& $-thc'%a

,,g:,

T, tm

(">

But what wm @ actually like for an 18th-cefitury p t e i And whf& parts of the movie pirate are real and which are hventtd? 6

. h = P I E W f l r Q&IEE In?eEiliyJthe mezqe p k t e w u u h d y trying t O m p e Gom a diEculr life. Sa'rrmewere ex-sailors who ~ & etreated poorly on their ships. Others were escaped who wai~tedtheir f%x&rn. They came f r ~ m .&fferenr backgrounds. But ah a p h r e ship, equal o t m Mm ~ 'dectdl their captain md e e a ~ tLL d 9&94 rules togethet. The men also diPided the iaepmie &&&itdm goode, and t h q &gg&we4;earnin& fairly,

PIRATE TRIZ&?URE 15

In popular dm, pirates are aften s h o w n with dfgdd. It is tcue they took money Pram a t h ~ s ~ ~ m v ~ , ir m g far more common far pirates to s t d things &e cloth, md men medicine. Then &ey &en sold thae dungs... Of come, plucbstolen goods-*m piram was flegai, but many people did it. Also, W&C molae pirates, real "pirates didn't bu17their' money,'' says Cori C~nvertitcl~; who W O T a~ , a maritime, museum in the U.S. @Theyh1w it as $ o mas they cautd an women and bo~ze~'a, . . a

s m x pimtes often w m ey;~,pet&e~and haw wooden l e g . 1.

PIRATE

h ~te&q, many piraw dicLlaok like this. my?One was thc poor living ~amdltions:"bXel&t;m ww hard m4 dangerous," says David MDOK,a maritime mugwm .empi~ye~ in tbe U.S. Disease was also common. Por these reasons, m Wme,piraw lost eyes and leg. But many $rat@ cXad w&t&mg for their health: b e y wort ~rirags,-just aas & the i i~~~vie? They beheyed p.utting waght on the em s t ~ p p ds & $ c ~ ~ @ i

I IA The Real Pkra of&e Qribbem

Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each question.

. What is tRe,main idea d this reading? a. A pirate's life was a dangerous but exciting admnture. .b. Some things we've seen or read about pirates am ttnr8. but others aren't. c.Thelive9of 18th-centurypiratmandt"nodern-da imt&

are similar. d. Today's'stofies and muvi- about pirafe~mentirely W@ng,

@d $2.l On many pirat$ ships, a men were like alaves b. there were sweral captaim F,only ex-salors were a\tow@d d.Jhe men shared the r n o n y h y made - 1- - . 3 . . .: , - ,,q--5+ : ---8,& h e ~",~ h e yblew it" means'mey '4 a. hid G~ made d. saved v b. spent +

~ l a ~ w tr

lnmnce

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4. WhW statement would W i d Moore probably agree Gith7 la, Many pirates hpcl a difficult life fed probably died y~ung. ba, The>appmranceof movie pirates is wry difbpnt POTI reality,!

c. A pirate8&life wasn't as dangerous as we see in the movies. d, Many pime5 were friendlier than we see in the movies,

w$ll

According to the passage, pirates beliewd wearing

earrings I

c, brought good luck

g. was fash'idnarbls b. stopped illness

d. was only fgr womm

R Classification. Mat~fi,each a it d_sscribes. Movie pirate6

i e r (ia-g) with fie type of pirate \

Real Pirates

a. be@me pirates b have ah ad3eNurs

stole money d joined pirm ships to e$cap&g dfffi'cuk life c.

e. buried their treasure f. stole things like W d af~dmedidhe =,

1:::

r l !

sold th@i$go& and ~ ~ @ $ ~ ~ p & , .

..r.r,,a

aat Cosnpktion* mmplete the inkrrnatim with the curr@~t f m af war& from the bx:Thre; wa@~-rrm-extm.

pedple earn a@) 1. Nat Bamy EDe makes money by h b g lost pirare nmm. In 1884, he discavered a pirate.ship called the R%yd& in warms near Maamchmetts in the U.S.A. &st

the ship an4 dl of its gwd1, Latm~Bellamy's the gw&. mmg &~w~~PGB. But their Iugk Wt 1&. On AprrI z6, the T%y&4 sagkl in a stnear w&~tt$~ and<& but *d $ram; dkd.

men 5-

,such as bad weither and rough ~ t emake r it difficult fir CWj:d'i ~ a t ta n bring & j e c ~up from the Whyd~h.Despite this, o~eTlr)0,000objects have been fouad, hdudmg coins, weapom, and clothing. Erbm the, pirated clothe$, aci~ntistshave learndd that the 7. pirate was edy about 1.6 mews tdl(5'4"). In other words, most pirates were not as d l as we =-in the movies.

Tadas 6,

If samething s i n k , ,it g W u n c @ w .

B; Definitions. Use words from the box

1. If you

2 If you 3. A 4. If something is 5. 6.

in A tQ complete the definitions,

samething, you buy it. something, you break it into smaller, equal parts, is a reason ar cause of something. , it is not allowed by law. is the ability to do, say, or think what you want, is money you earn, usually for work you do.

an opposite meaning. For exampie, iIIqal means not legal. Mher examples include irregular and Irresponsible, 11A The Real Pirates sf the Caribbean

125

. -- &foreYou Read L

Cumpletisn. Read the paragraph and then

corn~Fetethe

sentnses t3eIw. The Golden Age of h c y produced a number of famous pirates. Edward Teach, better hown a$ Blackbeard, was ane of t h e mast famous--and terrifjibg-pirates ~f the time. Acc~rdingto legend, he cut off people's hgers and Med others jjst for h. Etom 1716 to 1718, he attacked boats in the Athitit and the Caribbean. By 1718, he had a large fleet of shipm~d was the ,captainof hnndreds ofpirates. In 1718, the British finally,chpturcd and killed Blackbeard. 1. If yau a&& a person ott thiwj you tvmtn a. hurt b. halp 2. A fleet is an arganls~dgroup QT a. ships b, people 3. If y ~ mpture u something or sumwne, you a. @0 ~ n cntrol d h. free

th~m.

them.

I. Predict. Qn thenext page, bakat the titleand headins, and read - the first sentence of each paragraph. Answer the questians below.

Then mad the passage to ~Reckyour answers. i,Why da you think the w.meh b'ecmie pi~gjtw? Z What & you think happetled to them?

of pirates have been men. Below are two &om different parts of the world

MARY m: P'imIN D I S G U I ~ . ~ Mary horn in England a r ~ a n d1690.Sh& '7 4m Me man. l w h g advenwe., p-w .

badwas Lived most of i W s e d as a tespage,r3 &F s i x .&wdas -a hay and gggta job 3t sea Lger:, w a y>aungwoQman -: (still prct~ndingto be a man];$hc g ~ wak t on a sdip and 4 4 ro'& C w i b b m .

On .one journey, pirat= a t c a d 4 Mary's ship. h s ~ ofd fighting, she jt$ned them. But Mary had to be careful because many pirife &ips had a rule: women d u r n & If the men discovered her me; identity, . rhey might b&and k-ju ,her.So at fist Mary stay& hp hemelf and wpided tlie >d&&s.But ane day,she ma& a s q % i . o b gd i s a v q : m e ofthe pim-~tson the ship was a@y a w e w ! Anne Bonny wai the.caprain%@Jftimd, but $he w@ ~ S sQm w k d . Mary told -6 her &&eq, #e rn worn& hecame mod friend$ aid pome~fd@hr:&r~. Thq fought tmether grid t h q were apWii;ed hi 1720.

(HINiG I H I H : PIRATE QVEEN e Chin$ ~h terrorized the Chinese caast; Wktm herpowefi pimte h w b d died, contrel ofhis 500 j&, . - .to Chg,$hib. While she was boss, hw.&t: g m 9&am z,D@O, *gP & A k h a f i & ~ t c1~ng.s~ , away 80,a00Mb t h m m d women. They targeted ahi.. and towns ,dm$the coast dC h i Fox pars, ladm &mq$orn the rq$m failed to stop her. Ewnmzdp, cling :Shih. raked? a rith and r ~ s .wmm. ~ d

h the early lg3fs, p

lit

A Chlng Shih controlled

almost 2,0M junks.

Reading Comprehension A. PI lrnrjse

MulZiple Choice. Choose the, best answer for each .question.

1. What is the mdn purpose of this reading?

a. to d ~ s c r i htWI3 fernah pirates b, to compafe male and female plratee c. to describe the Challenges th&t pirates faced d , to sb,w that fernate pirates ware very common Vocabutary 2. Look .at .the word disg~dsedin line 6. Here, disgu/se means to a. wear beautiful d~.tI-res mb, change your appearancB c. hide yaur feelings d, look for adventur~ Referent 3. In line 14, what dues athem r ~ f e r f ~ ? a.ship .b.pirates c.women d.nrles

Detail 4. What unuwai &mverydId Mary Read make? 8. The apta ah was a m a n . b,.W m e n weren't allwed un pir* shiw, c. The capt~rinwas her father, d, Another pirate wa,s a~tudlya woman, adail 5. Which staternsnt about G h i n ~ 8htht& I9 NOT frw? *a+All ufthe SB~IQ~S wem women, b. There were &our 2,Q.Oa of them. G* Wth ma@and female pirate&worked on them. \i4; mgte wsre -@most80,000 peBple on them. .

16MatyRead

with the persun

Wingmih L

a. was, maflied to a pirate b. was a pirats during the eady 1800s G.

dressed @s a man

d. was a skilled fighter e. $=me a DirW whghher shfp was a t w e d f. w& captured g, w g mptai'n df many 8tllp~

Unix 1-1kgends o f b e Sea

,Al;c Completion. Comp1er:e the ihfdrination with the cdrect form of woMs W u m the bok. Uha word i~'eHra,

3 -@ateattacks are sfl . .@Hian t d y In tfre

=df-M&-

Pfrateg h g h f geem like a thhg of the past. Ln reality? they we &ll c@m6f1today hplaces such as the Strait of Malacca in S~utheastAsia. This is one of the world's mast importarit shipping regions. Every year, I about 70,000c a r p ships 1, thfough thrs atea, Today's ~ h t e -have s b~tterweapons, faster boats, and %re killers: They mostly 3. catgo I ships-for both t h e goads and the money on board. Some thmgs today's pirates steal (and resell) are oil, waod, animals, and weapons.

H w do modem-day pirates w~rk?$om&mes, pirates 4. . C obe a shp in trouble, When morhcr ship came5 tcr hdp, the pirates ~I&L& and steal money and p ~ d sSometimes, . pirates use several born to attack a ship. Two bwts go to the back nf a shp, one gQes in front. m e n the ship slows t o 5. hitting the boat in frwb pirates in the.back can easily get on tbe &p. Pirates wiU also capture peopk ( k r example, ~ ~ u r f sar t s sadcirs) and h d d them. The pira~essay they will 6. the pkbple $they don't get m~ney. $, Words in Context Read the s r n t m and" ~ ~ circle T (RUB),ar F (mist).

I. At work, the buss is the'b m t perm4ri _theofi7w3

3. Ifyou repe'ct someone, you tik md think high1y of !Pi& persun, T

2, If'gso;lic@ fail to Web ,a kllfm,,f&bfilbe.@@:8gcc&ul an4

atah the killer 4. If you ti%@# ftum one bus ta amthat, you change buses. d trans- to wrtgn word3 to ?IOW %ha$ m r n ~ ~ ~c h~m e~s from ~ en$ ~ ~ . o x StaWw !pl to mather m e y &ansfeW &@,go~r;;[s Pam one &@ fmnsakMk. rn anMm&@.) ,Mhm'e&mpb -WdWc!;

T F

&!Preview. ~o@k-at the photo and answer the ques&hs.

Why do y ~ think u archeologists (grei n & & ~ din it?

the % ~ m t mby d ~ i ~r r the: g ~ carred fmln

~f words fram the box, Three w ~ r d sam extra*

Objecctg,brought up from ~BI@beard1sshlp tncbde this 18th-century shlp's cannon.

.~i&ew~ ~Cmlirza, r harc.heoiogists have found the wreck1 .ofa ship. But>dsk t 11, ship. - kcheolagists thrnk it belunged to the m a t terrifpg and 2, pirate ever: P&ckbe&d. ,I

.I,

In 171T7Blackbeard was 5. the coast of North Carolina He 'aptu~eda French.shq and rer~medit Qiem A n d $ R&y&qgtz; In ,1718,d i e ship s d . Wow, ~wchaeologisathink they have fQund one of the ship's at canno=the large gum u ~ e dra 4. other ship$* +:I,

PJ. When the &mon is pulled up, h-doen't b o k like a caman at aI1. It has.been in tbe warer for a 10% time and is covered in rocks, dirt, and.shelis. But U, projecf & ,Mike Ramsing,,.wbleads the m a ,the s m o n is bcautifd.

&is mnnon;1Wy &om Bhckbesdf~ship? To answer thrs , q u d ~ n~,~ ~ ~ h t ~ hope d ~ g t$asht sd rhe m ~ Concomb d on the cannon, eoncQ1.dew m the original name ofthe Freud shp b BIadbeard 6 . . Now that: the cannoon 4 is out o f t h e watm, &has been 7. ma , lphce w h w it d lhe .deaned md :studied. The team h o p >ts - a s h the pmic-ci;tbg 2@18-300 yeam after the ship sank, +aa

'fr

OmThirrk About It. ' 1, Do you believe

archmlagbts hqve really found Bl?qkbgard's ship? Haw cm they h o w for sure?,

2. Why do you Zh1nk pirates am SD p~pulartoday? '

.-yaw

with

- d8rh"mr.

77.

MaLIory and twine, 1924

>,.

Before You Read Completion. Complete the information with answers from the box. One answer is extra.

Everest's height: 1, meters (29,035 feet); e a ~ h year, it rises by another 2. millimeters. * F i t peoqle to' reach the summit of Everest: Tenzing Norgay (a Sherpa from 3. ) and Edrnund Hillary (from New Tealand), in 4. r Hedth risks: Because of the extreme 5. , climbers can get frostbite, especially on their fingers and toes. tanks to help Equipment: Most Everest climbers carry 6. them breathe. Number of deaths on E'u'mst: more than 7. , mostly due t~ , avalanches (large amounts of snow falling down the mountain). 6. Predict Loak at the title and read the first paragraph on the next page. What do you think happened to Mallory and Itvine? Read to check YQUr ideas.

132

Unit 12 Vanished!

(

Were Edmund alIary md Ttinzhg N ~ ~ g reallm ay the first people to reach the top af Mount Everag S-o.me believe British climbers Gc~fgcMallory and ' Anhew Imine reached the ~~t prdowlyin June 19'24.Unfortunately, this is hard to prove b e ~ a u eboth men vmished on tlte mountain.

'1 I

Recently a team of climbers visited Everest, hoping to solve? this mystery. Near Evmegt's First Step, on the way to the summit:, rbe team found Mallory's pwglen tank--euidence=thqt hc and Irvine -re near the tap. Close by, a member ofthe. team, C~mad &mI discmered Mdlory's body.

the team e x ~ i n e b MdoryS

body, rhcy found items like a f i f e and matches, but np photo^. Why is t.hi#.&-$? Mallory carried a phum r ~his f wik with him. He planned t~ learn it at the top of Everkst, if he reached the summit,

333 j?vfdoryand kvine achieve their goal and reach tlie top! Probably not, says Ankh. Here's whyt

D E d t @/Pam equipmmt: Mallory and lrvine were last rn seen near Evwcst's Sscond Step. Tbk is a 27-meter (80-hat) wall of rock. Climbing this $ d o n o f Everest is extremely difticdt, 1 -- I even with rn~t$go &~&iug~ q d p m f a tW . i t h a ~the t right toob, ._ , , ' r it is &-B& @ &Q.lLory and Irvinc ygrg-zable to piaced to the to$., F, -I

t--

14 -

- --.'

w&&he~ the mnzmit late frastbite: M & q q in the day Climbeis $ha the $PCDJX&'X~ this time ne& t o c a m p a t t h e t o p . I f ~ ~ ~ d 6 ~ s X ~ ~ ~ s ~ ~1 - ~2 ~ e t o s u f f ~ ~ BBEL&BSL~~~~, BaxMWy7g b ~ I g p ~ ~ . nofofi-ostbie. ~ ~ ~ j p. -I

So wh&happened to M@y and Itvine?&er thinks they prabab$ turned back just after the F b t Step. When M a b q was going d m , perbps he acride~~tally fell. Irvine's body

has never been found. Whatem happened, they witl always be remembered as early Everest heroes.s Kyou salve a pdern, you flnd an a n w to If. * A hiam t e t j w ~ psrsnnnmmwn8 wno da& i S h l n 8 gmat

U A On Top8:@t-he World

Reading Comprehension A. Mufiiple Choice. Chaose the best answer for each .question, I.The r~adingis mainly about two climbers who a. solved a mystery about Everest b. vanished on Everest c. recreated Hillary and Nargay's climb d, invented new climbing tools

Gist

Detait 2. Which statement is true? a. Maltory and Inline were last seen near Evere3t's First Step. b, Conrad Anl;cer"searn found two budim on Everest. c. Mallory and lwine wet@near the top of Everest in tht~morning. d. Anker's team found s m e of Mallory's thing6 an the mountain.

Reference 3. In line 18, what does it re%r to? a, the body b. the oxygen tank

G ,the summit

d. the picture

Vocal~~~lary 4. If Mallory and lrvine turned back (line 29), they

the mountain, a. stopped and went dawn b. went around

c. tried to walk up d. stayed in one place on

Infere!~ce 5. Which statement would Conrad An ker probably agree with? a. Mallory and lwine definit~lyreached the tap of Everest. b. MaHory and twins never got close to the summit. c, Mallory and Itvine got clase, but didn't reach the top. d. Andrew lwine probably reached the top, but not Mallory.

B. For and Against. Complete ths chart with words from the reading. Whi~h side do p u agree with? -

and l m e r e a d tthe tc -1

--@!RWy

I".

of Mount Everest?

$ b

~VocabularyPractice,

I1-

k Completion. Complete the informlbn.withthe correct fom . [

gf words from the box. One word is exira,

'I 'chi@---

d~u!bBut. ,rsignfâ&#x201A;Źlm1C!

pmced

~J&W -

I I

Tenzing Norgay and Edmund H i k y reached the summit of Everest: iu 1953. But there have heen a&er 1. "fmts" on Everest since then. Here we two: During a dimb up Everst in 1975,an avalanche buried Japanese climber Junko Tabei in the s11io.w. It was that she would survive. Luckily, a group 2, of climbers from Nepal found and saved her. Twelve days Later, on May 16, 1975, Tabei 3. ha &ad and became the fmt woman to reach the summit.

$ In i'W~p:g@t4n~;

'!mthe Hmalayc?wkiled t2-liii;lkrAlw'Gm

Can a blind' person clunb Everest? On May 25,2001, blind American climber Erik tFSeiihenmeyer reached the surnmit and 4. it is possible. Three years later, he dimbed Everest a g i n with a group of blind teenagers from to thk top of Lh&p Ri mbet. The 6. fo11epf Everat's summits) wm diilkult. Some teens from extreme headaches (because of 6. lack ~foxygen). Their amazing journey becamc a movie:

hurt C~ri@d@f

diwrw of M d k W b*

Mt.EWE&

is laraw h Tibtan as Chomolunp~~

~ "Blindsight,?' d

A blhd pmianGannotm.

6. Words in Context. Complete each sentence with the b s t answer,

2, A newspaper has dffWeht 6@E'&f@,Wis; m ~ n 8it, has dierent . . a. wlers b. p$uta,

We can add -ever (meaningmlf'wety) to certain q&i%a- war& (who, whgt ,whwe, to form 3mw1 w&. F;Qf

3. If ysu proceed in a dire~tionyou a, continue in that direction b, avoid that dirwtion 4. If yau can buy W A W ~ you Y want, yau can *buy b. only ~edatnthings a. anything

~ x m p l ew, h m w r

meam at any time.

12A On Top of the World

135

ioneerslof the Sky

In 1997, pilot Linda Finch successfully cwnp t e t d a round-he-wwld trip, ftylng in the sama Mnd of plane as Earhart' flew h 50 years;mrlfer.

Before You Read A. Discussion, Read the timeline of Earhat's life. How did she become a famous pioneer? What rscord did s h 'are&? ~

M i a Earhart (f#f-1937) 1918: Sees a small airplane take off in the snow of Toronto, Canada, Decides she wants to fly. $021r Becomes a p~lotat ags 24. May 1932: Breaks a world record: is the first woman to fly a

plane alone across the Atlantic O c ~ m . May 20, I'WR Wants t~ be the first woman to fly a plane around the world. Fliw with $uFd@Fred Monan a~mss the U.S.A. Tmm California, south ta Brazil, and across Africa, Ah, and Australia. June 29, t937: Earhark and Noonan w i v e in New Guinea, July 2,1937: They take off again, heading far an i&nd in the PaiWc Ocean. They am newr seen again , . . * A ptoneer in an actlvlty Is on%of the first pad&

to do It.

B. Pmdkt. What 40 yclu think happend to Earhart :mdNoonan? Read the passage ta ch-eckyour ideas, 1. I

136 Unit 12 vanished!

4 ~~&p=@&6f~nil&~&ff'&@~

A- Dangerous Journey

-dC-,w

On July 2,1937, h e i a Eathart md Fred Naanqn left New Gain= ibr H4~1;~nd Z4bd in the Pacific. This m the longest a d r n w d m g ~ r ~ u s part aftheir trip around the wmld. E a t k t had trouble LShortly&er f&e.gff. The weather w-as starmy, $0she had ta flly a$ a$QU wters (10,000 &et). dme med g3j q$M$ G9hg Ebis higa

.s.

_ .

&!er about twenty ham, Earhaft ahd Woodan appsbched Howland Island. The i s l ~ d only : ~ abour I05 wmeten sun ~ 2 shining 3 in their (65 miles) away, but the ro face's so they couldnTtsee it. Near Howland, a ship, the Irm1:aswas waiting. Earhart con~actedthe ship: 'iGas is l q m she +dY The Is&& tried to maintain mntraa with hey but @&$BQ naponacr. F i d y , the Itcdcd for help. People @archedfar %hart and -Mar;l.~a.far ~fldays. Dtspite: the 16 &~!SL"C~.&'~ &0r@, &CY f ~ fi~dlblg. ~ d ,-Ic:<

k~td~,aw~ &rxgg%~a h ~ w fsm 8 me. @@Ia%$ bw e t * she ha%% @ wrQW &ction wgaend*sa because the 8 G - m bdght and h was had to soe. So phe got isst; . PO SQM after5h-aplank ran qP g s and sbe did at sea. h ~ ~ t h e-i, . .-1 idea is that she survived the plarie a,&: ~ w u am an uninhabited? Islgd3 and later died there, SfQ other9 W-sbe $urYi.vedh q w h and sepetly returned to the U.S. with a new identity. to A.tneba Eahart? $40 on

<. .

1 ,

Althaugh the first theory seems most likely, none of these ideas' has proven. Js %day, people are sdu hmxtfgathg f k i r h f s and ~ ~ c r z r a n &wpqeammx ~s .d* h a also never been found.) Whatever happened.,Amelia probabl~ @~;[aoh@'s hcd 4s h e heshed. "When I p,= she sdid, UMlike best ta1go in my plane." '

~f you run out of mthing, y wb

a A wash kmaccidefit ~nwhich m wc

rt+.mek u w m 4 ft

m mum d$t$ft, O ~ B W ~ . ~ ~ ~ @ & I ~ M ~ ~

nw%.-

.I*--

fl- Reading Comprehension A. Multiple Choice. Choose the best answer for each question Another tRle for this reading could be Gist

a. Pilat Mystery Is Finally Solved b. Amelia Earhart Breaks Another Recard c. What Happened to Amelia Earhart? d. T b Last Female Pilot in the U.S.A. Why was flying to Howland Island difficult? a. Earhart was sick. b Nwnan d i h ' t have a map. c. Thdr plane was damaged. 1, ,

Shortly after taking off frm New Guihea, what happened? a. Earhartbplane ran out of gas. b. e a bad storm. - T h . ~ was cr. Fred Nuonan died. d. Earhart's dane cramd, -

a. fly b. die

c. leave

d. travel

5. Which statement would the writer of the passage ~l:gree with? s.Amelia's plane probably ran out of gas and she d/ed at sea. b. It is possible that Fred Noonan killed Amelia Earhart, Amelia Earhat probably died on an island in the Pacific. . Fred Noanan might still be alive today.

B. Completion. Complete the mntencos in the flow chart, using words from the passage. Then tell a partner what happened t~ Amelia Earhark.

138 Unit 12 Vanished!

Vocabnlary Practice A. OompIe-ti~n.Gompl~tethe infamation with wads from the box, On@word is extra. -

a p f l m h ~ d bright headed

imestigater

dfsappmranm eftbrts fllght leesponse shine mahfain

On September 3,2007, Amerimn advenmeg Steve Fossett vanished

in the Nevada desert. Why is Fossett's I, so wr~s~d? on September 3 Bosserr was a skdled pjlot, and ltis 2. wasn't long or difficllk. When Fwssett didn't return, search plhiia 3* their 5,

to the desert to 4. . De@& Ithe missing piht could not be found,

What happened to Fossett? Maybe the weather caused him to crash, Qn September 3, the sun was & , ;it t:lwa a beautiful day. However, Fasen was flying near mountains in the Nevada desert. Wkds here can be dangerous. Maybe it was windy a he 7. the mauntahs. Perhaps this made It hard to canvol of his plane and he crashed. 8.

Bat some things about-thisstmy are strange. For example, on September 3, Po~settdidn't tell anyom. exactly where he was ping. Later, people . IF0sst tried to call his cell phoae, but they got no 9. did11~ttake his phone with him b t day. The qnesdon is . . . why?As with M d i a Eat-hart, we may never h w how this scoq ends.

Hot-Air Pioneer: In 20@, Steve Fomtt was the first person to fly rim-stop amund

the world in a b w , by him~alf.

B. DefhMgns. Use the correct form of the words in the Lpx in A t~ mrnpfmih@ct&fri%E^i, 1, If you

Am a A04 4, If you 2,

someone or gamething, yau tfy to Rnd out the truth about thm. is a tPfp you t a b by plane. is an answer or reply. you come closer to it. gives out a bflght light. sOMetRirr"g,YOU keep or ca"ntbueit so it does not d-tm9e5 Is wpm someone or something vanishes, do something, you try very hard to do it. ta a certdn place, you go -ta that place,

smeone or so 5. Wen the sun qr ather ItghJ: (3.

If you

7. A(n)

8. Ifyou make a[n) Q. If you

I I @ .

Can you think of ano'r:h@r ~ x g ~ pofl e .a natwfd p h m ~ , ~ g g n ? A @ b ~ ~ a s ~ s'~.m:&g a m . I that happens or exists. We am WE, hear, ar feel it. S u m d s , it 5 2 m ~ g .W a U~L S U ~ tg ~$.~Sarne Q F ~ Eph~r~~merfla ~ ~ W we Li&hg, ~ ~ O W ewthg~;rke~.~ S , and 6te. .

varcn me video, Ma& f9:gMrb Then cemplere the summary behw using ih@.m&f form at wsrds from the box, Two words are &a.

B. Sumrnafize

( I

The C%h i @& in West Teaas is hame to a mysteriolts. phemm* &&#&!% %$&a I;@~R." Thew are I. - lights &at appear s u d d d p .in the night sky. Then,jwust as quikkly, they 2. There ,arc o h two or more lights. ?They appear ip tbt & t i ~ 5. @$the dese-a a t a m calLed Marfa. Sometimes they g&,t.t.elase ts, people%houses and 4. &d6gh%~windows. While training in the desert, <6ts have also Been &&&~ ~ ~ lighfi ~ during i o -*

-r.4

-*-,

I,..

causes-thelights) D m pilot) &$B-T&&$@$&r$j queatim~Be Gap thaf &e 'irgh~~ to on. ~ h e exist ~r O V ~ the F WWM. BUT

.some: people, They mntinue to om?HOW hng have they d~td? 1 not .apihior& 6t lIghtg really are, they first appeared -

fh~m any

rgysferim mmg~@wn~3 Qmoq.p

rpt Croa&word. Uw the definitions below t;t, complete the missing wards.

across I.not afraid at all 3. to mcome closer to a p m n or place 5. to travel sorriewh~eby bmt

I puraammgs to m d something ~ ~ from one plaw to' anom& la Smthing you build Id tn buy sorndhing 15. ta ruh ~r oantmC uswally a muntrjc 16. wmething that Mts a dedshn or siRsatlon, a reason 17, a aS;peaialistIn a,c&ain subjW 18. fopver the. same; not of a pxticuiar time or Gat@ 11.

Down 1. to bs u n w w s f u l at something 2. important 3. to succeed in doing something 4. to go forward 6. to wrongful& Bke something from mother person 7. one put of samBthing 0. to und~pstandor dacide the meaning

of something 10. unlikely to happen 12. one's job or position

8. Notes Completion. S c a n the information on pages 142-143 to complete thtre nates.

The Hidden Iharriors

i-- .. Ld

I1 1 1

Provinca caf China made an arnazin~ discovery: a huge army af buried warriors. The soidiers, Bach a life-size s&W,hsd been hidden for mwe than 2,200 yaws,

- --

t- *-.--, -

i Y,!? !: Wm uncmmed, the statues wwe ..L-3 standing h the meat posttion of a real army. Exps~shave since Yearned much from them &out the @ M i q strategies of ancient China. Today, tthi feariess army alss statyis-as a w0lld-famous artistic wander. Each &atw was made by hand i%@!@-. . a unique face. ~ a s t l k ~ y ~ their bo@w8were ;once en8uefy paint@ tr

bright &Jpr$.

.8:2>--

57 s q u ~ mkilometer%

miles), is still being unearthad. his arm, expark believe the whola tiWm tawn bf a r m him in death

, , .

World Hefitage Spotlight .&;.

S I I I .

E eror Qi,, dnrnuang, . who ruled from 221 B.G. to 210 E.c.. was the first emperor to govern a united China, Over 700,000 people were involved in the construction of his mausoleum. Among his many other achievements, the Emperor was responsible for building the first of China's great wall:

nat yet been apsned, as archeologist! are worried thai air and lrght may damage the objects in the tomb and *erhaps the Emperor's body. No one nows exactly what is inside, but ancient tWs say that the tomb is desianed to look like a city, wZth rivet: *'. and a sky that shines with treasures. One day, experts hope to investigatethe truth of thme legends. Until significant advances in technotoyit have been achieved, however, Ernpel Qin Shihuangk +-mb remains untouchec

In Ig98, ,2 statues VV,,, more playful I

expressions than the Emperor's s~ldiersand offtcia!s were found a the mausoleum. According to expen? these statues, including this headless acrobat (pictured), were apparently based on real-life entefla~nerswhc performed for the Emperor anc his family. +-

_. =-.el-

0 Vocabulary Building

Link. The suffixes -ful (meaning "full of") and -less (meaning "without") can be to nouns to form adjectives, e.g. fearful, fearless. Read the two paragraphs below, d add -ful or 4 s ch ward to create the correct adjective. Then ahswer the astions. Use you ary to help you. I

&the ~$ppttn w % , t d y & the t c h n i x . h g rhe ~ b&iy is ovm3 p ~ D-pu & d , * ~ b d r n h ~ - l - . S . ~ & l %iIJe q ldng he &&? &imt&B death md &d xz~~'s&d wgt -me.H ~ t h r"they , believe hb d i d q qvkkmtd 21 p i n mu&.&dk&g&sare&, b c s P e _ - - t h a ~ ~ x d l t a r n m e r a : & a r h e y n r d e & $ w -

'I I

- - -I -I -

Mast of h e j m c y fidm M-dari3 Ehfi M b W n was B, peace .Por w&, &e %&> saw no other ships. mar the i s h d s of the Bahimas, piram attacked them. Crew memlyrs tealimd it wai 5. sense tg fight. The phtes had w a p w and were ho* to be 66.heart. killera. The pitares Wle ev@l&g, but. Ehc crew didn't care. They were 7. thank to be dive.

vdhichnoun in 1-7

,---

2. Which two nouns in

--I.

1-1

. L - . . - - A . ..:'L

c;m ur ~tyve useu v -

.~q,r

?;fbss? -

B, Word Partnership. Read the passage below and underli- six verb + preposition combinations, e.g., with, prefend to, suffer from . .b , the , correct ~ form of . .._ .._ the combinations to lete the sentences below. In the seas of southern Japan, underwater archeologists think they may have discmered tlre ruins ofan ancient city. Some experts believe this sunken city is part of Mu-a mythical land that vanished into the sea 2,000 years ago, possibly &.m a huge esthqpke. According to legend, some people escaped &omMu and traveled to btherpiir&of e Pacific.

-I

Mw&i E m m has iden&td &rent s m t l m c s fkom the ancient thy, "ificluding(in his opinion) a 5,008-year-old p w d - m a y b e the eldest in &e world. But other scientists disagree with Eimura3sEn&@. They say tke underwater ~tnzctures are naturd rack famafions, wt a part gf,mancient sunken city. h u r a responded .tothis by saying, '"The best way ro get an . . .answer . . . is m [collect] more evidence." > d' -

d Gretel, the two children Mexico, you should be sure to visit Teotihuacan,

Vtxaiularv Index

Target Vocab>ulary peuious......<..,.,........ 12A ,primarily .................. 8A

..,..12PI

prdceed

,,,,,.,

properly .................. 1B' property.................... 5A

proud .,.. ,,.,...............-10% prove ;..I...........1 2A purchase 11A

.........

................

,.. .. . . ...-;.Ql3 B race.. range ........;. .. .... 6~ ,

,, ,, ,

,,..........#

a #..

recogn h ......... .. ,& reflect .......,!,,7 .,. ..W. I

.....G43

q i o n ..r.ul,,-l.,li,irr

r e f a t i ~ e , . ~ ~ . . 76 I..*t..l.r$ .?,.

,,.-,<*<.!*T

...ma.

.......2%

teligipus...... 25 )CeIy ( ~ n ) ~ ~ , , v , t i ~ r r ~ r * , DA ~ : ~ * ~ * WIIIOV~ :i.d;.. ,.,,, ,*,, 5A respect .T.....~ ..,,,,,., ,.,. ?-I6 response ,., ,,. 12B w..arh,

,LC,-,

.......... ;.

mcu..

.....X.I

suddenly .pjec!,! ,,, ,,,.,,,bB sufkr....L.%. ....12A surFace ..4 ,:.3 survive ............3,wwiiS:.4@~ .,i2,G+%i,;+LA

(En) malily................ 7,

relax

S U ~ ~ I : ~ ~.G.B . . ~ + ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ . ~

.,,

rare...,....,.

E . ~ , .

steal...,,,,, ......... . strategy,,;............*.. \ 3 strength .................. 2B slmcture...,...............1.OA ~ i ~ h ~ , ~ ~ ~E !A~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ . , . ~ .

....

'..?H.... r.

.........,.,,,,.. 10B sail............................ 3 1B role ........,.,,,

scary..,,...................8A sear& @r) 4A

section.,.......<. ,.;..,,... 12A seek ,,,,,.,-,%,.,c.r.,,.rr,,,,,fdc,..TfB; settler ..................... 4B shape.,...-,,...,..,,,,o,:,, 55 shine .................;. .... 7.26 shock ...................... 8B shoot,,........c ..............11B signifiant.,,. 1.M

.!.............

skilled ........................VA smart ..~...... + +!, IA s ~ f t e n............ . ..;... spedf ic ,.,,i. .,+i.,i:.,, 1A speedy ................ 7A . ,,*%.%.

spread [out)............4B

target ...................... task ......................... 1OB kmible ......,-,,,..*,.....,7B tewifyihg .... ........,..;. W text..,,....................... &A tie ..................... ,.,. 2B timeless ..,<!,...,,.. 108 tool ..............:...........4A tourist ........., .,!..:68 traffic ,..... ;,. ............54 trainer,$ ..+. ..c........>J.... ,iB, transfer, I 1B trip ....~~.~..~... -. ..............

.....

,,,.?A

.a$

.....................

u::

................

ugly,.,

,.,,,,,,.,

unanswe~d ..!,.,.,.,,, unbroken .......,:

5,4

.........65 valuable ..... ..,,... ..:,,... BB ..-..........9A weigh .......,.,:,. .:,:,..,@A. warn

..,,.,~q,v.,.~l.

welcome ~ , , , * ~ ! , ~ ~5/3 i,~~:~~~*:> whatever .,;+, 12A wise .......,,. .... 1oA worn .:..> ,,.,f3p

.........

...,h..,i,,,i

.a,,-*

..L.!.V!!.

Video Scripts

T I Monkey College ~nfact,-some&t monkeys even go re a e g e ! The monkeys ar the Monkey Training School in S w a t Thani, Thailand, are sent there by farmers to leam~a11 impommt jab: haw topick coconuts,f r ~ m very tall mes. Trainer Sornporn Siewkwo wys it takes months for the young monkeys to learn the stbregy far pidung cocmuts. For the first month, he jum h the monkey p h He ~ show him how rn,<@b coconut in a ba. Thm he halds the m&q% harid and mcqwages him to twist the ~oconuthimself. Later, ht brings the monkey to.x and lets him l e a how to pick the eocan~~ts that are qady to eat. Step by step, the monkey goes &her and higher. The tmber u s e a rope LO carnal direct the m d q s work. The monkey goes left, right, upp, and dawn.Whea Samparn pulls the rope, @

ximnkey goes &serer M o d e y ~hae been helping Thai farm.& ta, pick mcmuts for mare than a hundred yews. The rnodqs climb me& and twist coconuts wirb tkeir hands until the fiuh Mo t4 the ground. Ssmporn 3aewkwa explains die a d m m &wing monkey fat this job.

Somporn Saewkwo, Monkey Trainer: "Mawachys, there we about 12,000 m&e~rin s Sumt T h d that ark wwking ro pi& crnanuts, helping hwnans. Ifwe climb up t h s e tx~es,we can

4 I&.

fdl and die." Narrator: l&e corsanut h an important h i t fm&mrs here, Farmers can earn about two doll- for every hundred coconuts that &q kg m market, P w l e buy rhff fruit on T M beaches, md it's alsa used in 4 e m m q *popular ~ coconut m q . A hug@ of ~ o n u t . s a b utwo t million-are month in Thadd. And many y couldn't pick the fruit without PaIc Qg?~-tbree~~cemald monkey assists with his work Th-rilbdzeypicks h i t from Pak's -trees. Pale hll@&j&e monkey to 0thfarmers rn earn am maw &.animal is 80 ~ a l u a that ~e ~ a k never lea& it BB@ done. The mo* could run away osmmmeb&~&d take it, P& l4& d-ibes the Vtem he uses:<-

Pak Dee, Cocanut Farmer ''I tie the monkq ma qxwlut tree near the hoI give him ike to ear, &m&a with e m . The. m d e y ran.fivc to be 13 yea8 old, sp he has t e n more years that he cmwo&. Idon't need any m m monkeys than I have na%, I just want m carry on rhis m~nleeyfar his Wetime." Mawator: Farmers that because the mmkey$ ate m Ixnpaaant~mthem, mpt q e well cared for a d $onFthave a hard lift. But 3pcdple make t k animals work too hard aud mat them badly. Somporn Saewkwo: "In 'ne pw,cvmane w mining rrrde)rs in a diffkerrt --and $om&pwple me& hw- she rnonke~.,~

Narmtor: T~aher Simpom S a m k m m e d a Wcxent, m f e gentle m s d of teaching; monkeys, which is non used byothcmat the a&y training ~ C S . Became a lot & T e d " $heists have di~appeared? b d hero fnadxys naw need &an7$hdp to be~&tolive. 7U4iE& Somporn Saewkwb: "All the modeys that &me to $faywith us k v t a better living than in the junde. One side does not have an advanmge over the &her." Newator: As long as Thailand c ~ r r t h u ato produce cownuts: these&men will probably can&ue to use monkeys. You see, fit rn* and the coconut will be ta:$ether always. As long as ~u have the coconut, you will also have the mo~-Ilrey.

Land Diver&:CSarratm

TWis the Na&& qn lnen*t.@li&us e m t whih meam ahmid&hg;""The &&9 s g d is t~ to& the wfl~ with &e tpp d k s bead, The p~:h@kb&PP: tSi2s;d make m e &a ciid~ producei lo@ this year. Thc land divers jump fr0rn.a21-meter high towerl b d t in a $pate b~the jungle. From he^ you m set the P a d c B c m . Qmof the went's orgmkd, Renee, gives this,advice

Renee,blid:QiVer:

Tb young ,-who wore the cmne=miw~s,drve z& a b o ~ t l djumps in die local l-qiwp land Mek? V?. T h e firSt dive- p i i f . The second dive I k d & a vine, But as liin&>& Fm not hurt, e~er).~hing %, going w d . I'm a lmhy Narrator: The last dive of the &wfiwm is by w e of the best

dirt&.$ah Pentecost Idand. b&h diving fw many y e a pHe diw fiqm the tow= and Im& saEely. Evewm*ee is very happy. men it's k~ke4 the children ~nmd &e tower: T h q dream d the day when @@U beold m g h to dive, Aodenough eo test &.cr'ir b m q h m e ofthe mast urimual events on Earth.

'Whenwer p a are an the rower ready to jump, .if p u haw x m d thoughts, thgt mema you m u t not jump."

Narrator: The first diver greets the people. His dive goes

well. He hits the ground hm& but he's qhg, His friends quiddpfieE him Wm h e vin& that are tied to his k , t , The second*$ dwm't go a d l . The y w g boys ask a h t the wet&@&the ha.But thie older divem tell them &&'they will t xstrong enough. But they aren'i iirb& enough. One of the vines br*, and the young boy go& &iceh t into thc eiurh, W P g~ to help hih. But h e boy doesh't SF&he's hurt. *s killed here wag The last: t i m e a land in 1974. But people get hqrt wen yeaS C I ~ I I &QW~Y. ~ ~ S

The other boys arid men pdt m1d mtec 'sn:the buy%head. Eventually he walks am& ,&ted by

& a d s a d bmthers, O m the d&r men jumps. next. It'sarrr &pe&lly

.goaddive-perfect!

Pebpb h m abroad are not dowed to take p&h l a d -gl as it'? ody f ~ nguvc r divas. But the &ie f says that a WeAtem ~amerari~atl an tie a small cwnem"toa diver's leg*It's the b t time this has k e n done. The people Iove it. f i e r a m e r m m th* the land &diver.

Video Script 2

149

Video Scripts I

Steel Drums Narrator:

The idan& afthe Caribbean region y e .Earnous for t h e idaxing beach& and Wely mdit. But ththe mmic ofthe inmwnent laom*as rn~@zm$ or paw, is h e t@ o~dyone idand nation: Trinidad and Tobq+ho0m& of the s t e e l h d . Steelband mu$ic is a popular paft of life hkre. From the small &slung dkgcs ta the hilIwps, the whok popdation Imam dizd loves the i~atimalinstrument. Tony Poyer, Stw tband Expert: upan is most important t~ Triuidad and Tobago. It's par^ of our cultwe. It ms invented in ad and2bbago , . . It is the only music4 i s s w u r n e ~ t invtnred in the 20th atm my-." Narrator: The special sound h n g happinas to chiidrcn and adults dike, and m mudcians &om many different: places and backgraunds. Through the idands%cets and mwkm, you mn't c s c p the music. me& does stedbmd mtlsic c;cnnt go@?T&&dd i$ . an oil-producing nation. D q h g Wsrl4 War TI, the idand's old oil drums. b e c m e ~ r d hfbr l ~metl5ng d s h a musical insfrummtg. The &nms produced s ~ m d that 5 hatre hcavily kd3uenced the music af the regton, and &n ndw'khaid in eveqtbhg k r n idmd calypw dMcd &c. fn kt, the musjc goes b ck several cepturies to &plyAfr;c;ans who,were not dawed f ~BSR . their b m drums. Tony Poyer: "They wtre banned from be* ,&t+@mgo

1-11

Tony Payer; 'LlnEm, in &.earlrdztp they knw no* a b o ~ music. T h q played by suund, they even wed . the pw by mund-to& to& w&--xn# hey ;. listened to t h e note unril thQ @T it , . , Narrator: The s e e k 1 M saund stif& VW&e mm who runes the drum-the tuner. TG6 tuna ig k ~ w as n Honey Boy. He" been tuning pan$ fop many p m . It takes a long tune the drums. Bqt thee i n s m e n t s ark used bv

gome of t h e re$iafiysmpprhnners. BUEt h e stdbd is more rhan just music tqJx T dx .L Tr is a ppat-taf tha lmd culture, s%:Whg

the wqrld the uedviky of't&ei s W s pagle. Every night, places called pmyfrh fill with mu$id&s who come ta ltm the instnment. People like Beverly and Daq : ,% , , Beverly.

learn it. I s b d d knqw a little bir ab,ouc it."

r h &cm,r&hm ~

er, people played an rha tee1 drums, a n d that's hour the stdband I

&if@ musician^ usually play by earf%$t . M t use mu& written on paper.

Dove: &Pani5 m Trinidad pan of our main cdtwg. Thig ours. We made ir, we crated iz." Narrator: Davk says that s t e e l k d b e l ~ h pto &E pwpk of Trinidad and Tobago. But it is something which t h are ~ happy w shwe with pudimces mi musicirms.-aroundthe mdd.

I C

Marrato~, S h a the mwmody has anfi+xth &ern& 00 die amon%&kitv t q Light ,od&&&. The rn&&i~&e Earth in the m e v t .t i - a ~

t h e I % t h ~ ~ d b a . The moon do= ' h e m its m.Instead, it ' &in& back, w r ~ , & h t f m m &e:m. So osr Earth we see m m w less a f t h e moon, depending on h position. Thwviema~e. Ypb8.n When &e mw is an ttPe@r < l d & d i a n h , M y f i m lrhe m,t h e mobtW&l. AAthe inabn cirda the lkrth, we can only stx&epudi&t*t hi@ part of it, Thb awes."rnesw~dmmPo? "half moam." When the moon ib,ekhc&:hetwem the Earth and &e.sun, Ijghrfalls on r&&&&k af &t l'll0Qfl. Thm Moon b dak, Or "~E$;P It t&es -&nt 29 days fbr the m n m ~mipl&th!i~ qde. $om&esa thk Earth comes m d y &e 9ua.adda fdmom. SW&t -"t reach t b .2 moon, crwting a total lunar eclipse. The moan hatx a powerful in6Iuence oh om planet. &m tlmls, the themn"Svity~ ow ormns, . Thik cram the movement of* me&sj , d e d ti&+, 'The-Eorce of the fidcs has @pd&ape CW~S ruad>h~ Wmdt b .&I:& Qur newest aeigfiho~intipace.i m ~ r h r n & ~ t k man b m W view. I'L;

Living in Venice Narrator: It is d y morning in Venice. Before the light of the sun fills the hmus Piazza San W c o , the mdm uf Venice are get.ting ready far thc wowds oftourists. In a fcw haws, thousands ofpeople will come m this square. lEur for now, the pmple of Venice ham the city to themaelvm. Market traders welcome h e &st visitors.

Market trader (Italian): "Sigpori, b u m giorno." Narrator: Early morning is cbe best time hr 'shopping in the outdoor markets. Gho Penzo, Venice Trader: 'We have many, many kinds of fish.* Narrator: This is the part ofVenice that most visitom never see. This is the Venice that some people 4 home. mdmr Fabrizio Capam,says that he lives.in the most be8utifid dty in the world, It's a dry that's clean and m y m live in,with a high quality ofliFe, But fcir s m people, Venice has dimdvanmges roo. GEno Penzo: "My son, he doesn%love, uh,live inVe&. I am very sorry.* ~akalor: The population of Venice is getringincreasingly ~Id-ef.Why?Fabizis sap living in Venice is nor chap. P r o p w is pdr timhly expensive, and hou- prices have i n u w d a lot in recent years, It%a w d y diffidt fcrryoung people Ibokirig f6r their own phce to live. Many &&ern must move a-y1 leaving V.;nice to the tourists. It seam the whole world haa arne here ta the Piazza ban Marcb. The tourists come to expdrience a city that fwk like it'$ still in the 15th century. ,&id some l e d p p l e say WPs the probIm. Gbvanni d d .Misaier,Venice Resident: Timice did c h a-n a~ kt ~ since I was born."

Narrator:

Jabs art mother pioblem, Do you warit: tb be a go~d~lo irwwork with @Q? Ifnot, it can br: diEmh to e n a fiving he^. Eutwme s&ythat the that young pesgle Ieaving Venice will Eaa

other tities are

Glno Penzo: uPI~rence bvery expensive?,%&is very expensive, L.qndon, Paris, K m a . v ~astor: . It ha been sai& that anyone who c u m ~o.'CP&E~ yill fall in lqve . . even sit's ady with Vexlice itself Gidvami dd Misder W w the heling. He sap that despite all the challenges here, it*$hard to .think 03" living aywhere &en Giovanni dal Missier: h r me, it%a "I know that it'$<avefy special g i f r t ~livein ad@& ~Vmiue.?' Mamatori Onlya few pctlple get to enjoy hhg in Venice. These days wen fewer peapiear&&dY to &ce the clsdeqa of'Mng here, lht f'ar t h m ~ ' w say, h ~ it can &.a m d & M e x p e A ~ c cEvery day &ey can expaen= the joy td &lingginlm with Venice all *

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over again.

'+,@pmu dal W i e r is o m of the

in his home tm.h r h g tht thy2the of visitors can rn&j&t home

h l *di!3dra ~ Eio~ai$t&dal Missier: "3 get k d l dth the people, wid^ t h e muffs&, bce&s~th&@7t~e too much, too man

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Dinosaur Discovem wrside a quiet town in Mexico c&d' &bas3 there3 heen an anm&g, discovery-th~, mmim of a wry Idinmur. &me OoWl&, Ecologist: 'Thki &awq imp~rwt thing, the dinosaur i~ m d 56 Fea 1 0 ~ ~ 1 fee^- h@; it might weigh '

> .

between three and four tons," Narrator; Jose E&ez says that the discovery tells us thg rhe l&Ihere, 7 5 ~ n ~ s a g ~ . , w a j u 1 1 .. & , T~d@<h is ildaen, Raw did the dimarc' cirmge? Scientists are seekwg an angwer ta this:mystery. In Sabims, t h dj~wvery ~ ,of the huge chqaw has meat&! a 16t ofinterea, especially among local children. Some afthem were l m b g fur mciqr tsds used by hunten. haread, they

fmnd dimaaaui. bones.

Rodrigo Zapata Lazdo: &T+&s my dkd. Hew.srs'te4llngme a dimsaw had been f b d . We wen? over there -an$ I found a piece of leg Wna3 Daniel ~ ujardsaptega! a "When I mme out heue,I b&$-the &figs1 need When I h d somedung t h a t loab like a to

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- 54

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Jose ~ o n m h : . "There right k e a f , b i e f the ribs, thefew the verrebrae, OK?~'rk1'$@Wrg about &S is the neck, the cereal vertehtac, <rightherc yolu haw the bddy of the animal, +hebakl afthe a a l , we have around 52 TO 58 vertebrae mtal, and right here s&ts the tail ~ f t h -%I.* k "

Narrdtor: This isn't ehe first .time hsils have been found here. But a p p e w c e of these fossils means that .&bba~ bas b t m sm impoflant place for dinosaur hunters. The mayor bf Sabin& sap rhat the hsiIwshuldU. be kpr: in a museum. In& Q* people fiom a l l over M e x i e a n d abrosiid-dhuld be a& t~ s t u d y thg area. The tam's r m i h t s feel gpad @at tbe wry happened in their town, The ,$cciu@,~f local people working on -&e h d has . p o r n ea r n o ~ than 60 members., The mayoF says that th;e & G S & ~ ~ S !J~engrwt fbr h e Ma p q l l e %say the ctinG)!sa.ufdiskmty h ,&mgedtheir city. They hqpe thab int4e frzru.r$, more and more dhosaur ~0ver5d$Sit their re& of Mexico. . .

"'ca Sleepy Hol~uff

Narrator; -I k the hills of New YQ&'s Hudson River V&y fia

"SO many t$pe$:ask

myself, is it

Narrato~: 1111 I Bveiy y&&M%k&itino plays the headle __I

I and smed m farm tb-e land. At this old a n still see wlut liie wsls like in the I3t4 smLlrks4YOUcan see &in t a t s aid hot. l e m how ro cut woad, Although it's a fun place,q1 viSit, the town is most h o u s today far thr srory &a tall, thh teacher and a horseman with no head, Stayeller Jonah& Khk aplahs rhe l e w d : Jonathan Kruk, Storyteller:

howw4h 's Rtlllween ftstii~l Sat Tarantino, Weaaless Horseman: "The hardest pr~blemi q a a d j a c k - o - h e m * We've ~YM that several +tines; A gwc-$i~aI j.a&- o-lantern with the right candlein it weigh @bout 20 pounds,,And to hold tha gut UP ygur -,ad try m conl+ol the horse at 4Dda,pgr hdur &@E ,Edoesn't work ~ 3 well." 0 .. - . ! ! . Narrator: dh m ~fvingdid not atrnd+yWJitr: Sleepy Hallm Bur he was deeply fligted bF&p w n , and as ad adutt retuznd to IiVe here in :t& large house by the Hubon River. InU"Thehouse & . a <&pkte c~kctiiin nf bwks~ r i t t ~ Ibmy q < hcludhg hk firitam &on &&ties.Today, you & wme to i s i t Irving's house by train, Thq mamgg heft'$say%that Irving mnFt p l d d wbein the traik first arrived, because of t h e pollution and noise,,When h e train$ came, t b g s b.iga11tW&mge - ' b d h t e l y . h 1899 the COWW~'S &'LQ~ m built in.Sleqy HcdLow, The &mryreg@ ;1 d ~ down. d But the-town is s f l busy. 'Men17 two ctnt~wiesafter Irving e w e "The Legend pf 9mpy EaIlwP pwple still find&@ p h a mgkal.h d thc legend I h ,one m r o & ~ The stgrytefler sap that, if p a limn, you mysill ~ c o g n i the ~ ec ~ mof& the headless b s m t ~ a nof Sle~pyH d o w . .,,,!; . a

bcho~lmasterbh&e name

h e r i ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ W i & u bn m g tg visited o n rhis area as a y ~ u & ~ i J ~ m w ,mht e "The Legend &Sleepy Hollow"~&&t~~ the pwplc and places inthis t ~ w n . Bill k n t J & ~ &a the Old Dutch Church in. Sleepy Hallow, Heq p h s hmv the story started. OId Dutch Church: e entertahrnent center mmd

Narrator; 7' I Bill says h M&@kdeIh c-MHIW s h d h p rbe kids under coubol. Bill legend tshdp krib~~&-bcrut the ~toxy,and h w s t ~ w k k%&@6 ~ ~ Q ~ hUm ~St eme tsbMd. Sill Lent

Narrator:

m&lg &amthe h m s s bom$nw. Jonathon Krwk "Ichabod urged hi$

come,' but the hod& as he t ~ o ~ k g w hd churchyard bridge." Marrator: At "The Horsem&*,xmapmk@ lmr?hedg-the leg&. Carmen Cruz, Sleepy HoWbB&kmt

_II

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Wildfire Photographer Narrator: This is where phafiographer Mark Thiessen likes -tospend his vacarion . . . Mark Thtessen, National Geographic Photographer "For me itfsan adventure. All of your sens~rs just come alive when you're m the middle of pharogra+g a ÂŁire.'' Narrator: Mark says his sccuprion as a N a & v d G ~ y s a p k i c photographer is not always as exciting as you might think.He spends most ofhis rime taking photos of t h i n g s like dinosaur bones, or people. He doesll't get ta photogaph things like dangerous wild animals. Bux instead of rumin5 after wild &ah, Mark runs after d e e s . He telIs the story of how he became a p h m p p h e r ag a child. Mark Thiessen: "I knew I wanted to be a photographer since I was a little Iud." Narratop, As a child, Mark would listen t o police radio nlemages at night. When he heard of a Gre, he would wake up his mom and they would race to see it, Mark Thiessen: '"1guess once you get bit by the bug, even at a young age, you jusr nevtr want to stop .'" Narrator: So every summer, Mark takes his phmgraphie equipmtnt and &i*s w&stto photograph wild !ires.

~yurhis&stimpia&k~~trofIdrbo~ahnr

\' .. aild hes occrw frequently. On this night Mark gets

'ix-.

He rides dong through a h u g h e that is g acrosO h Idaho desert. -

"~~ a tor11adogoing across t h e front of the.,QU&,;

Narrator: Why is Mark so irrterwed in rhese fws? He says ane ofthe reasons is that you never h o w what's going to happen next. That makes it interesting, but also dangerous, somethies t e r r w g . A powerful wind is blowing, and pushes ag&m the truck. 'Pb the left, a huge wall of f i e is advancing in Mark%direction. It's best to keep moving. The fire can act in strange ways. Qn lcs left, Mak can see a "5re whirl." That's when some of the flames start twisting together, creating a fire tornado that can reach a height of ten meters, Mark is in f i t iskilled and capQable vvildmd Erefighter himself. His goal is to photograph h z men and wqmen who have the toygh responsibility of fighting this kind offire. Mark Thiessen: "There's grdt people to meet who"have great stories to tell and great pieturw to be r k n . " Narrator. When Mark b with rhe firefighters, he ftds part: of a m * team that's employed ro do a very imporrant job. And of course, he is always trytnf: ra find the best photographs of the fire. Although Mark hmws that fires have the potend m destroy a lot af land, he isalso amazed by their g e a t beauty. He says the sight o f m s damaged by k c can be quite beautiful, almost magiat. The opportunity ku see wd phomgraph ,~umepling special brings Mark Thiessen back to the Ems every summer, Every time he fitllsh~ataking photograghs of a fie, he feels tired but also k k c i t d . He feels that he's really been alive. And it's clear he plans to continue fm many years ra come.

Video Scripts

Giza, , j P Narrator: Giza, H ~ m of e the P y r ~ i d s ,one , ofthe Seven Vrp,dm >d the Ancient World l h d f i ~ m dlb ~ e the r wokld come to Egypt +isit these ~ ~ , s ~%mg:me c tpe&t ~ awe , Zahi Hawass, Archeologist *It's Iiie a me. I inem the Pyramids, which

Narrator: Gm is home not ady to the IQmrdh, but more than &w d b n pcopk. It's a large, mwded sub1vb?a$ area just outside Cairo, vJiB11 I_ 4 of noise and d c . Bxn th~mgh,~fficidsc m $ j p s bring the bnildhp down, r h q smp the:& getting do,er by b d & g &is .. a w d . Hawass says the wall is<&sigwd prirndy to con the number of people m~ring the Pyramrds site. 11"s a wise development7he sap. The role @the wall Ir? to protect mu+ts @om$l rhe camels a d h m q and to. keep the area of the Pyramids md, peaceful. V~itm,as Hawass says, wiU now be abl m feel the magic drhe Pyramids in heir heeart The 'Giza Prdjwt h aIso &ding and prat&g a numiher of antiat objjcb. Although not as b o u s as h e giant Pyramids, these smaller m h b s are also being, carefully protected. Laborers here are finding and working with the ~ t i k c t sOne . day, sites like this ane tlrill be open . t t~t&ts. ~ This will &t away'mBic a d &&s from the three big P y r b d s and the $ p b . Even fier centurim ~f and 6scmfmg .

9 -

wi~t;irn one of"the seven wonders of the w o r l e the only an& that still exists-to be as though it's like a zoo . It's a crime."

Narrator: A>ZW? arche~k?&~ Zahi Hawgss, thep~bheril is that around t h Pyramids ~ there arc cameIs d horses everywhere. Thre ar$ dw crew& ofpeop1e: cdmpeting m~d souvenirs to the rnw&B,It7$ ciEcdt, ha says, for ordinary visiton to feel how m a g i d and mpte.eriousthe Pyramids d y art. Zahi Hawas is ltades ofthe expert archeal~gid tam respomible for maintaining the Giza Pymmds. He plans to bring back h e a ~ c i e ~ t wander ofthe warnids and protect hein ffom the physical &mage cau~edby to&m..Re m)rg ifthis ,task bnyt done tfre Pyramids cauld disappear in a hundred years. &a is home to h e most famous ancient mdnments in'&&mrld- the Great W d sf Khufu, his son m e , and ggrandson &nkaore. And watching o w * & three-the Great Sphinx. Egyptians are proud;& thcx-t i m e 1 monuments. But moving closer M fie Pyramids are the houses of Cairo residents, approaching from all directions+ According to haw^,^& houses seem to b t "attacking," almost ldlhg3the Ppmids. Zahi Hawass: '7 h a y s say the Pyrarnidg can never be kUd. Now it can be ldled.n

* .

making new dlscoveriq. You never know1says H a w a ~what , *gets are bere He believes that, &w[irs% &a centmk~,the: kio f ~ g y pare t sayingthdyau to

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Blackbeard's Nawator:

At sunrise, off the Carolina cmqt . . . the waters are blbad red . . . like pirate's blood, In 1717,'Backbeatdthe pirate captured a French sl-dveship. He renamed it the @,mn 14wag's R m p . Far a year, Blackbeard's t e r m g gmup of phws

sailcdhthisship.Butin1718,thrshipdisapp&d. mat happened? Did the terrible and feuless Blackbeard sink it: himself? Nobody k sure, but archeologists are h d i n g clues to the mystery, Archeologist Kim Esling~rIobks at a map where thev think the ship is. For five years, archeologists ha; bcen studying the remains ofa shipwreck f o d about a kilometer fitom the coast, They know that: m a s ofd-ie shrp's moden body is gnne. But its large gulls-its cannons--are still there. It's diffi~ultfor the archeologists to see far in che dark water. They put ropes around snc ofthe cannons,so h e y can pull it up to the ~urfice.Their hope is &at on the cannon they will find a nameCowca~Rd-the original llame of the French h p that Elaekhat-d stole, Mike Danid is the maritime hismsian who dixmered:&e rema&. He's sure they have identified Blackbead's ship, Mike Daniel, Naval'Historian: "Most of heevidence on paints to hefact that it is the QMEW "zZlane3Repmdc. I'm a hundred percent sure, due to the fact rhivt it is where it was $uppo~edto be." .. Narrator: Evqxhhg bar archwh&tiwe found & dated before 171&+the y ~ ~ t ~ship ~ ~ disappared.

Y. '

When the c m n is w e n n d j p d e d out &the ware, ir doesn'r loak much like a cannon +t all, It l ~ dirty h a d ~kanjgeafter d i n 300 ~ y e a r k under weerf To project bass Mike Raprsiag, the cannon is ugly, but ADbealrtifuI. Mike Ramsing, Project Director; Wd it doesn't look lilce much bat I'm pretty @&b it's at lea t one cannon . . . lr

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Kim Estiinge~ mpka oae df&map 4 Grid d%Ed&itim pr~dt$atit b defjgitdy B.bckb&'~~~i.p wodd be prhbiw p r a y b ~ m w b e U g *

Na-tor:

hdpe t b t, ~ o t d & wsin tp co&m t f i e d y is t f g@&z Awe%h@+the s M p & ~ w ~ ~ & e d 3 D O y a ~bythew* qg~ ,pipateknown as Btwkkiud . .. n e &*16@

Narrator: In the desm ofWg$%xm$ythe& not :abt of activiv. It's hot d dry,, and not many pe~pIe

h e here. But an rlii9.ancient h d h, is a mystery. &d the bqgphcc w,s e this wry Q ar rht viewing &a+ just east7& Mar& rn the bi&-ay called U.S, 90,From here, an alrrrdst my nigh!, p u cm W & the mpz&aw -6 @has.

One Mafia f&iddnt'tdcs~abaut &t firat h e she saw them:

Shemi E p ~ ~ a u eMarfa t , Reddent: ''I remernb&-%j~enight vd that 1 saw the M a d Lights for &time.*

Fritr BCahl, Ma* Resident: "Wedis~aywd by chane:e,o@h the digtam&,dlossse tro the ground, very smd.,.very md it's3 phw?men~that they tell me & ow1 orher parts bf the w~r1d.This happens rd'bo w l a d chapter af that bwk, tlxt p4enomara&& r

tkre m y s t q WPM.~

Narrator: &urwho can exp&-~bwtie-&e lights s w e fim? Whew they actually &&$t~dd E h v 1Wg have they qxiswd? Wp1te i9fmts.mexplain '&e p h - ~ o n , s w arc doubthl that &CM que$,si:~m will ever beamr& Anotk 1 ~ creddent d say$ tl~at:'&-qystayis not bad thing. 1f the mysuy is m m e ~ e d , hc sap, people PvriU keep inmtigatiq, keep

logldng for th:9 m w r . Whatkver these li$htrs k d l y at,f h e i,= r . ~ ~ and ma& gqi OD. I

Sherri m g u e r : "T'qk seen &ti3 kvml MCB, but they n&tr

Ea& time they're

Felioia Wood, &a

a little

Resident years,ilga, and the $kmgest 1 ww living out in the

was seen by pilms Here you can '&nd an

sire. Inxhe mid-l94Os, mpdrefzbt13L@ES durin wm one wfthw.

-1

Video Script 12

159

Elementary E --a Headwords

just right for Reading Explorer I!

: qEINLE \; CENGAGE ~ e s r n i ~ g W@yJGbinIe&pm

lS BN 13 978-1-4240-0637-3 ISBN 10: 14240-0637-6