CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS

4.1 ANALYSING DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES

The answers from the MCQ based survey conducted shows the percentage of people voted for each category. Following are the answers in the form of Pie Charts:

Table 19 Analysis of Case studies based on several Parameters

S.

NO. PARAMETERS MUSEUM OF SOCAILISM, LUCKNOW

1 FORM

AGGRESSIVE OR ACCOMODATIVE

KUSUMAGRAJ SMARAK, NASIK GANDHI ASHRAM SANGRAHALYA, AHMEDABAD SHANTI NIKETAN, KOLKATA

Authors Inferences ACCOMODATIVE- Niches has been created in the form in order to make the form more welcoming.

SIMPLE OR COMPLEX ACCOMODATIVE- The form of the building is going down continuously, incorporating the earth bermed structure, hence it can be termed as accommodative. ACCOMODATIVE- There are many (Open blocks) punctures created in the form that depicts the accommodative behavior of the building.

Authors Inferences SIMPLE- A simple basic Geometrical shape is being used as a form, it depicts the simplicity of the personified person.

STABLE OR DYNAMIC SIMPLE- A simple basic rectangular forms are repetitively used to show the simplicity of Kusumagraj ji. SIMPLE- A basic module of 6 X 6 M is repeated in the grid, hence a simple form can be observed just like the character of Gandhiji. ACCOMODATIVE- Various niches has been created in the form to welcome the visitor.

SIMPLE- Basic modules of built structures with minimum materials are there reflecting the simplicity of Rabindranath Tagore ji.

Authors Inferences STABLE- Triangle is always said to be the most stable shape. DYNAMIC- The continuous eagerness to step down the path clearly reflects the dynamic nature of the built form. STABLE- As the building is more horizontal in nature, it can be categorised as a stable structure. STABLE- Very low height structures are being used all over the Campus, making it a stable structure as whole.

STATUE OF UNITY, GUJARAT

AGGRESSIVE- Many additions on the regular form can be seen as the massing that depicts the aggressive behavior of the building.

COMPLEX- Huge massing around a simple form can be seen, making the whole structure complex one just like the personality itself.

DYNAMIC- The irregular curves in the outer form make the profile dynamic.

2 SPACE

OPEN, SEMI-OPEN OR CLOSED (OPEN MINDED)

Authors Inferences Mostly closed, but have plenty of open spaces as well

USE OF NATURAL LIGHT (HONESTY/ TRANSPARANCY) Open and semi-open spaces plays a major role in the space. The two parallel walls runs along that provides a sense of direction. Most of the spaces are semi-open, a very few of them are closed A pure mixture of open, semi-open and closed spaces. Open grounds are there, but the main part is closed Exhibition space.

Authors Inferences Very wisely used natural light Major source is natural light Major source is natural light Major source is natural light Artificial light is the main source. Natural light is used but in a very limited manner.

GROUNDED STRUCTURE OR A INDIVIDUALIST ONE

Authors Inferences INDIVIDUALIST (B+G+2 FLOORS) As the free standing monumental structure standsout in the surroundings. GROUNDED (EARTH BEARMED) The whole structure is earth bearmed and garden extends over it, hence a grounded structure. GROUNDED The building is stretched horizontally rather than vertically with a low plinth hence it is a grounded structure. GROUNDED All the structures in campus are low height structures and does not over overpowers the surroundings. INDIVIDUALIST The structure itself is so huge and holds its unique identity in the surrounding by overpowering everything.

3 ORGANISATION

TYPE OF ORGANISATION

Authors Inferences RADIAL- The organisation here can be termed as radial because continuous bands are revolving around the triangle. LINEAR- The single way in a linear manner is arranged so to provides a sense of direction. GRID- Clear grid of identical modules is being used . CLUSTER- The organisation here is purely in a cluster manner. LINEAR- The long linear pathway leads to the main building.

4 SURFACE CHARACHTERISTICS

ROUGH OR SMOOTH

Authors Inferences SMOOTH- The plain glossy terracotta tiles are used over the concrete structure that provides a smooth texture to the built form.

TRUTH TO MATERIAL OR NOT (PURITY)

Authors Inferences Cladding to tera cotta tiles is being used- The outer surface is artificial, but would like to show that connection with the ground, hence used terracotta tile. SMOOTH- Nicely plastered and painted in white provides a smooth texture. ROUGH - The exposed brick and concrete provides a rough surface shoeing the difficulties Gandhiji faced during his life.

Most of the elements were plastered but usually in light colours that shows the purity of the soul. Almost every material used is truly exposed to be seen, depicting the purity of Gandhi ji ROUGH- The natural earthy material in its raw form are a bit rough to touch. ROUGH - The hard metal joints are rough to touch depicting the toughness of the personality.

Many natural materials are used that too are either exposed outside or can be seen from inside. Depicting the purity through the structure. Bronze outer shell is exposed to the visitors showing the toughness of the personality.

5 MISCELLANEOUS

UNIQUE FEATURE

Authors Inferences VARIOUS LIVE INSTALLATIONS 4 KADAM TREES AT THE ENTRANCE - Kusumagraj Ji gives continues reference of them in his poems WATER BODY IN THE CENTER- provides calmness and adds to the philosophy Patience. The classes are being conducted under a tress in the open ground. Viewing gallery has been provided in the statue

Table 20 Comparison between Author's Response and People’s Response on different parameters through which personality of Atal ji can be interpreted through Architecture.

S. No. Parameters Author’s response People’s response

1 Form

Static or dynamic Static

Stable or dynamic Stable

Aggressive or accomodative Accomodative As per the survey conducted 54.3% people says that static form of the building would depict the personality of Atal ji

As per the survey conducted 85.7% people says that stable form of the building would depict the personality of Atal ji.

As per the survey conducted 91.4% people believes that Accomodative form suites better to the character of Atal ji

Rohbust or delicate Delicate

2 Space

Stagnant water or running water Running

Grounded structure or a individualist one Grounded

Extrovert/ introvert Extrovert As per the survey conducted 57.1% people belives that delicate form would depict the Atal ji.

As per the survey conducted 60% people belives that stagnant water could represent the Calmness of Atal ji in a better way.

As per the survey conducted 77.1% people says that grounded form of the building would depict the personality of Atal ji.

As per the survey conducted 74.3% people says that a form of the building which is

Sharp corners, open corners or rounded corners Rounded corners

Parallel, ushaped, closed planes Parallel

Simple outside complex inside or complex outside simple inside Simple outside complex inside

3 Organisation

interactive in nature would depict the personality of Atal ji in a better way.

As per the survey conducted 54.3% agrees that open corners(no strict boundaries) could be the best possible option from the given corner conditions to depict Atal ji.

As per the survey 71.4% people says that parallel planes could depict the nature of learning new things of Atal ji amonst the given options.

As per the survey 65.7% people believes that Atal ji was very simple and bold from outside, but very complex and soft from inside.

Type of organisation Grid

4 Surface charachteristics

Rough or smooth Smooth As per the survey conducted 37.1% people belives that Centralised organisation is the best possible option from the given types of organisatons to depict the disciple of Atal ji

As per the survey 80% people says that a smooth texture could represent the politeness of Atal ji in a better manner.

CHAPTER 5:

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 CONCLUSION

On the basis of the research undertaken, it was concluded that there can be many ways through which Architecture can reflect Ideologies and Philosophies. They can be based on Form, Shape, Organization, Surface Characteristics, Installations and Landscape.

Personality and Form

 Horizontal lines are used in Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya to represent the

Ground to earth characteristic of Gandhi ji

 Horizontal lines can be a medium to represent ground to earth characteristic of any person. As the horizontal line provides a sense of closeness to the ground.

 The straight lines can be a medium to show simplicity as seen in JP Narayan

Museum and Gandhi Ashram, but the angular lines or intersecting lines may be used as a representation of Anger as seen in Jewish Museum.

 Vertical lines in a form provides a reflection that the personality is more of an individualist in nature as seen through Shakti Sthal.

 Also some direct elements that interests the person throughout his life can be used to interpret his likings through them like 4 kadam trees have been used in Kusumagraj Smarak.

 Simple geometrical shapes can also be a symbol to represent the simplicity of a person which can be seen in Gandhi Ashram or Museum of Socialism or

Shanti Niketan. The more dynamic the form is it creates an impression of a person which is like very versatile in nature as in Statue of Unity.

 The form having large niches, voids, depressions or cut outs can be termed as accommodative which provides a sense that the building is welcoming you and your thoughts, hence a building with similar nature can be used to depict a person’s welcoming nature, that he/she always allow new thoughts and suggestions. Also they are always having space for everyone in their heart. This statement can be verified through the Gandhi Ashram or

Kusumagraj Smarak in a very good way.

 The form having the large structures protruding outside one basic form can be termed as aggressive as it reflects the supremacy or the dominance nature, which can be compared easily with the nature of a person like we had observed in Statue of Unity.

 A form that is bold in nature or say a huge and heavy mass that has its own story to tell can be termed as robust form which depicts the personality of a person that he is very bold in nature, his decisions creates an impact on the society. Whereas a form which provides an sense of delicacy depicts a delicate and soft person, as we have seen in Museum of Socialism, the bold thoughts of J.P. Narayan ji are depicted a very bold and clean form.

 Sometime the form can be bold from outside but very complex from inside and vice versa, depicting the dual natures of a person.

Personality and Space

 The edge conditions of any form can also be a major factor to decide the characteristic of that space, like

- Sharp corners provides a sense of confinement

- Open corners provide sense of freedom

- Rounded edges provide sense continuity, softness.

Hence to depict a personalities confined, open or soft characteristic, these edge conditions can be used.

 The organization of the elements of design or the built forms and also represent different characteristics, like from the survey we got that Grid organization can be the best to show discipline as it is very symmetric, balanced and self-composed in nature just like a disciplined person, like we have also seen in Gandhi Ashram Sangrahalaya that the Grid organization is representing the disciple of Gandhi ji

 The openness of a built form provides an expression that it is connecting with the outside world, but an closed building provides an expression that they are conservative in nature just like the human nature that are extrovert or introvert, like in Gandhi Ashram Sangrahalaya, the open planning depicts the openness of thoughts of Gandhi ji.

 Planes in a space can also be used to define the philosophies of a person, like

- Parallel planes depicts the opportunity for expansion both the sides.

- Planes enclosing the space from 3 sides provides scope of expansion on only one side.

- Planes on all sides depicts the scope of expansion is not there.

 The different types of water body can also add a different character to the space and depict the different persons.

Personality and Surface Characteristics

 Surface characteristics- The rough texture would interpret the roughness or the hardships of person’s life. Whereas smooth texture would interpret the politeness and softness of person.

 Also the exposed materials could be used to show the honesty of the person inside out and also the light colours would provide the same essence of purity and honesty.

Hence the study concludes that yes, architecture of memorial should reflects the personality for better interpretation of their Ideologies and Philosophies.

5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS

5.2.1 SELECTION OF ATAL JI’S CHARACTERISTICS

The characteristics of Atal ji has been selected with the reference of supporting statements or incidents related to them. The table below elaborates the same:

Table 21 Discuss about the Characteristics of Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee ji based on findings from different sources

S.No. Characteristics Supporting Statements or Incidents

1 Ground to Earth When Atal Ji was Foreign Minister, few persons from the Village paid him a visit and felt no difference in his behavior. Pandit Kishori Lal mentioned that there were no signs of boasting in him.

2 Calm/ Patient He never rushes down at anything, he used to believe that we should never hurry, the thing will happen at its time. 3 Politeness or Softness It is often said that “वाजप{{यीआदमीअच्छा है, लेकिन पार्टी गलत है ” to which he always replied in a very polite manner that ‘either I am not a good man otherwise I can’t be in a bad party’ .

4 Accommodative personality 5 Explores better version of himself Believes that there is Welcomes new suggestions/ thoughts Listen to others Never stopped reading books, and poetry. He used to say that a politician can retire and a poet never gets retire.

always a scope of improvement. 6 Discipline

7 Stability

8 Simplicity

9 Extrovert 10 Gave importance to self-indulgence and life choices. This is something that is inherited to him by his Father(A teacher) and his Grandfather. He was the Leader of the Opposition throughout the term of the 11th Lok Sabha. He always led a very simple life, never left his love for Hindi language. He is the first ever person who gave his speech in Hindi in United Nations General Assembly. Also he loves to ride cycle and walking. Loves to communicate and very curious. He never showed his willingness towards marriage as he wanted to live life on his own terms.

11 He had an appearance of gentle and delicate.

He has always been a first choice for the cartoonists due to his curvy face and features. 12 Bold in his Speeches His speeches are always bold enough to provide an long lasting impression of the listeners mind.

13 Modest from outside and intricated personality from inside His looks are very simple but yet his process of thinking and planning is very complex.

14 Honesty and Purity Even the oppositions appreciates this quality.

5.2.2 DESIGN STRATEGIES

Using the knowledge gained from the case studies and considering the views of Architects and Architecture students through the survey, the selected characteristics of Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee Ji can be architecturally manifested in the following ways:

Table 22 Recommendations for the Architectural manifestation of Ideologies and philosophies of Atal ji

S.No. Characteristics Architectural Manifestation

1 Ground to Earth Grounded Structure Horizontal in nature Straight Lines

Fig. 5. 1 Sketch showing a grounded structure using horizontal lines