ARCHITECTURAL I NTERNSHI PREPORT
A R5 0 0 1 O F F I C ET R A I N I N G A R5 0 0 2C R I T I C A LA P P R A I S A L A R5 0 0 3C O N S T R U C T I O NS I T ES T U D Y A R5 0 0 4D O C U ME N T A T I O NO FI N N O V A T I V ED E T A I L S
0 R1 E ST ME 60565AR|SE GRAHI|B1 SHK.PANI RAKE NAT I ONALI NST I T UT EOFT E CHNOL OGYCAL I CUT DEPARTMENT OF ARCHI TECTURE AND PLANNI NG
MONTHLY WORK CHARTS JANUARY
FEBRUARY
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
MONTHLY WORK CHARTS MARCH
APRIL
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
INTRODUCTION
The following section intends to make clear why it is that I chose to intern at DMA Architects, Kolkata. lt also brings to view how I have tried bringing theory that was taught in our classes into reality.
Ko lk at a, We s t Be nga l
RA KESH KUMA R PA NI GRA HI | B16 0 56 5 AR | SEMES TER 1 0
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE
OFFICE
SECURITY
RESIDENCE
RESIDENCE
LIFT
RESIDENCE
OFFICE
LIVING
SECURITY
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
FINAL RENDER
AR 5002: CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF BUILDINGS
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Critical Analysis The Site •The site located at a very strategic location on the major arterial road in Action area II and in close proximity to the HIDCO Head Quarters in New Town. •The site is abutted by roads on two sides which is an advantage for segregation of visitors and service entries. •The long vista created due to its strategic location on the major arterial road will be advantageous for a horizontal spread that will be visible from afar.
Client Requirements Project Info Biswa Bangla Convention Centre (BBCC), one of the largest convention centers in South Asia, inaugurated in 2017 to make Kolkata a MICE (meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions) tourism destination in India. This convention Centre is just 10 km away from the Netaji Subhash Bose International Airport (Kolkata Airport) located in DG Block (New Town), Kolkata, West Bengal. This Convention Centre has a 3000 seater Main Convention Hall, two 400 seater Mini Auditorium, four Banquet Cum Exhibition Hall with a seating capacity of 270, 160, 125, and 72 respectively.
•Create the largest capacity convention hall in the country… Larger than the existing Science City Auditorium •Create multiple venue options with exhibition halls, conference spaces, and banquets… •Create maximum number of covered parking to cater to peak time requirements.
Network Diagram of the complex
The total plot area and total built-Up Area of the Biswa Bangla convention center are 40,470 Sqm and 56,932.34 Sqm respectively.
38%
1.123
West Bengal Housing Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited, A Govt. of West Bengal Undertaking owns and runs the Convention Centre.
Total Coverage
F.A.R.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Traffic Analysis Total Vehicle per hour No. of daily passengers in the area
2000 10,00,000
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Contextual Analysis This zone is not susceptible to subsidence and seismicity. As per the Seismic Zoning Map of India, the region falls under Zone- III. The structural design is as per IS code 875 and IS- 1893-2002 for Seismic Zone – III of Kolkata.What posed the biggest challenge for the architect was the brief that the structure should have an impressive height that will command attention from a distance. Since the site space was limited, additional services like car parking lots had to be multi-tiered and that also contributed towards raising the auditorium’s entry level.
Material Usage The project has been conceived mostly using RCC and brick walls. A little amount of high embodied energy content material such as aluminum and glass are used as required for the project. The building materials to be used are of low to moderate-embodied energy as a major percentage of construction materials are covered by cement mixed with fly ash, sand, tiles, and reinforcement (steel).
View of compound from the building
Glass pyramid skylights The elevated plaza has three pyramidal structures. The glass structures have been incorporated with the very practical intention of providing illumination for the basement. At night, their glow also provides the adjacent podium with light, as they seem to sparkle with a crystalline radiance. Outdoor entry are of the main building
Concept The concept was envisioned as a giant tree with a large canopy that is providing shade to the ground beneath”. “Exposed structural members create the imagery of branches holding up the canopy. Use of staircase and parapet wall as an aesthetic element
Main entry gate design
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Salient features Facilities in the Main Convention Block comprise of A mega Convention Hall with a seating capacity of 3000 people. 4 Large Exhibition halls including State Banquet with a total carpet area of 17,000 sq. ft. Spacious pre-function area having a carpet area of 12500 sq. ft. Garden Food court linked to the exhibition halls. 2 smaller capacity auditoriums each with a seating capacity of 402 people Extensive food and beverage facilities during conferences catered through the provision of banquet kitchens and satellite kitchens at all levels of conferences. TOTAL BUILT UP AREA OF CONVENTION BLOCK :
2,81,546 sq.ft
Interior Renders
Section
Main auditorium interior image RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Plans at different levels
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Visual Analysis Biswa Bangla Convention Centre, Newtown, Kolkata is an expansive auditorium providing quality services for indoor functions and other social affairs. A maverick property that is home to a cluster of captivating banquet halls and a convention center. The interiors of this auditorium are built with an aesthetic appeal with all modern amenities, captivating lighting, and a booming sound system. The amphitheater-style seating offers an unobstructed view of the ongoing events. Biswa Bangla Convention Centre, Kolkata is an ideal venue for hosting your cultural events, community gatherings, award shows, corporate engagements, exhibitions, product launches, and more. The convention center in-turn boasts of state-of-the-art ambiance and diligently designed seating. Decorators to adorn the space according to the theme of the event are offered in-house.
Circulation Environmental & Social Innovation 1. First ever convention center in the state with a capacity of over 3000+ seats. 2. Third largest in Asia in terms of capacity.
Health & Well Being 1. 35% Green area obtained on site which would serve the dual purpose of controlling fugitive dust and improving the aesthetics of the area. 2. Topsoil layer retained after construction. 3. Indoor air quality sensors in Public Areas to modulate the fresh air quantity 4. Car park exhaust system equipped with CO (Carbon Monoxide) sensors so that exhaust fans are operated as per permitted CO concentration levels.
1. Segregation of movement patterns (both vehicular and pedestrian) at site level for the three blocks - convention center, business hotel, and MLCP. 2. Interconnected paved and landscape areas forming a natural congregation. 3. Segregation and collection of biodegradable & non-biodegradable waste within the premises.
Energy 1. Lighting automation system 2. DGU glass installation to reduce the cooling load 3. Centralised water heating/cooling system 4. Active waste composting 5. Heat insulation system -sandwich puff panel and creation of air gap.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Staircase/Escalator
Documentation Entrance gate
the main entrance gate is a large glass window with glass sliding doors. The entrance porch area is supported by sleek steel and plexiglass pergola. The pergola stretched over a wide area which provided a challenge during design phase.
Lobbies
A central grand staircase leads to the first floor from the main entrance lobby. Subsequent floors are connected through escalators and other secondary staircases.
Lobbies have large floor to ceiling curtain walls which let in a lot of daylight. White interiors ensures more lit up space
Main lobby, escalator and staircase RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Documentation
Banquet Halls Reception area Tall double height windows went well with the dark wood panel walls and wooden flooring of the banquet hall.
Seminar Room
Grandeur of the lobby space is highlighted with artificial lighting which are used to highlight art installations as well.
A large double height space, dominated by floor to ceiling windows, the seminar hall was one of the most active spaces.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Post Occupancy Evaluation
02. Projector room Due to the odd and protruding placement of the spacious Projector room some users sitting beside the room, reported have problems with line of visibility. While calculating the horizontal angle of sight, the Projector room should have been taken into consideration.
03. Lighting Excessive and very closely placed lighting has been provided especially in the ceiling above the balcony seating. This creates a huge power consumption as the space is quite big. But due to the functional characteristics of the space as an auditorium the balcony seating area does not require so much lighting.
04. Aisle Staircases
01. Auditorium The corner seats in the upper balcony do not have good visibility of the stage, especially in the case of on-screen presentation. Due to this as seen in the second image, most people crowd to the lower level of seats and the upper balcony is mostly empty. After talking out with some users, this problem seemed to arrive due to the hexagonal fan shape of the auditorium. An arched fan shape would be preferable as it would eliminate corners.
Every aisle has a staircase leading to the next level, which creates a lot of unnecessary wastage of space. So many staircases are not required. Plus due to the design of the stairs, void inaccessible spaces are created in the middle, which are considered as a wastage of the floor area.
RAK ESH K UMAR P AN IGRA HI | B 16 05 6 5A R | SEMEST ER 1 0
Post Occupancy Evaluation Spatial Analysis 10 High
Natural Lighting Acoustics Energy consumption User satisfaction Safety standards met
0 Low
Lobby Space
User Reviews
Main Auditorium
Small Auditorium x 2
Banquet Halls
Seminar Hall
Administration offices
SWOT Analysis S
Spacious rooms meant for to accommodate large groups. White color interiors create a more reflective and inviting look
W Lack of natural ventilation creates higher power consumption. Lots of wastage of space
O Design of spaces allow them to be used in a multipurpose function. Provision left for future expansion.
T Large double height glass windows contribute to greenhouse effect leading to more AC load requirements.
Analysis and Inference The Convention Center was designed and build to host gatherings or events of any scale and occasion. The public spaces like lobbies have sufficient daylighting options, whereas most of the banquet halls, seminar rooms etc,. were without natural ventilation or lighting. Most of the areas are quite spacious in volume. The only major problem faced by users were in the main auditorium hall where those who sat in the near-corner seats in the upper balcony had trouble listening or watching the presentation. Use of double height spaces also strengthens the feel of the spaces as the building has mostly public, social space requirements.
RAK ESH K UMAR P AN IGRA HI | B 16 05 6 5A R | SEMEST ER 1 0
AR 5003: CONSTRUCTION SITE STUDY
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Laying of columns, beams and a slab
2. Scaffolding
3. Shuttering
Vertical steel posts are used as scaffolding for the raising the slab for the next floor.
Steel truss-like formwork transfers the load of the shuttering for the slab to the vertical steel posts.
About the project As this was an existing G+3 building, our scope for the project was addition of the fourth and fifth floor. As seen in this image, the laying of the slab for the fourth floor has been initiated.
1.Raising the columns The laying work of the column is completed, followed by raising the reinforcement bars as shown in these images. Stirrups are used to hold together the vertical steel bars.
Shuttering or creating the formwork is done next to pour concrete into the columns.
4.Final Image RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Plumbing
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
R.C.C Staircase
Laying the formwork Proper formwork is laid at first to construct this R.C.C staircase. MS Steel posts are used as scaffolding to support the weight of the formwork. Truss like formwork is used as lateral scaffolding.
Shuttering Wooden boards are used to create the steps. The boards are 50 mm thick and are used in the shuttering to support the weight of the concrete. The wooden boards are fixed to the lateral formwork of the staircase with screws.
Pouring concrete Steel reinforcement is then laid down using stirrups. Concrete is then poured into the scaffolding and left for hardening and curing
Formwork removal After 21 days of curing, the formwork is removed and the finishing is carried out.
RAK ESH K UMAR P AN IGRA HI | B 16 05 6 5A R | SEMEST ER 1 0
Raising brick walls
Raising the brick walls Partition walls of 125mm or non-load bearing masonry walls of 250mm are raised after the columns, beams and slabs are completed.
Accomodating ducts
Shaft walls
Space for taking up ducts are left in the slab, surrounded by 250mm brick walls on 3 sides.
Access door is provided at every floor in the brick ducts' shaft walls. Electrical and plumbing chases are cut in the masonry wall for later use.
Brick walls in the staircase landing As every floor is raised one after the other, for staircase landings the brick walls are raised halfway to level with the beams and columns for the floor above. RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Flooring
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Radiant Slab Cooling
Laying of Pipe Network
Insulation
Fixing of Pipe using U clips
Supplemental AC for fresh air and dehumidification
Pressure Testing
Connecting radiant cooling network to a chiller
Process Radiant Cooling/heating pipes are embedded in the concrete slab during the construction of the slab itself. This turns the slab into a heat exchanger that either absorbs the heat (cooling) or emits the heat (heating) depending on the temperature of the water circulated.
PE-RT Pipes are embedded in the floor at a distance of 150 mm to each other and the entire network of pipes is managed through a set of water distribution manifolds. Manifolds are connected to a boiler/heat pump/chiller depending on the need for heating or cooling.
Commisioning of the system RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Gypsumboard Dry Wall System
Line marking from wall
Fixing of Gypliner Bracket
Fixing of wall angle
Line marking from wall
Fixing of fastener @600mm C/C
Fixing of wall angle
Process Drywall is high performance lightweight interior wall system consisting of a GI steel frame, encased in gypsum plasterboards on either side attached with self-drilling drywall screws. The joints are then taped and finished with gypsum jointing compounds. Gypsum boards are part of drywall.
Placing of Gypliner Channel
Drywall screws @300mm on channel & 150mm on Periphery RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Thermocrete Roof Cooling
Wash surface thoroughly with water
Waterproofing treatment of roof surface
Application of roof thermocrete insulation to make mortar bunds
Laying of cement mortar 50mm and smoothening the surface using a trowel
Prepare thermocrete mixture using cement,sand and EPS in 1:1:4
Filling thermocrete mixture in mortar using cement,sand and EPS in 1:1:4
Process Thermocrete is a kind of concrete mixed with thermocol (extruded polystyrene) balls. Cooling potential 2°C-3°C; These balls act as air cavities that prevent some amount of heat from traveling through the material. Thermocol balls can be conveniently sourced from packaging industries or manufacturers of bean bags. Thermocrete is an excellent replacement for cooling roof built-up due to its lightweight, high thermal insulation, better compressive strength, low water absorption, and ease of installation.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Renovation Study Observation Steel Members Detection of the residual capacity of Steel beam after removing rust. Coat the material with an Inorganic zinc primer coating. Add steel plate to restore required strength and stiffness.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
AR 5004: DOCUMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE DETAILS
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Sliding gate and compound wall Design
DETAIL A
NG
A
SS'
RR'
QQ'
Compound wall/gate design This sliding door is a three part system which forms a part of the front elevation compound wall, as well as the garage entry door and the pedestrian entryway to the house. The sliding components are attached to the fixed part using a C-clamp in the top while the bottom operates on a wheel-track. The main structure is a simple steel frame on which wooden boards are screwed at intervals to ensure privacy, yet maintain a certain visual connectivity.
PP'
Closed three part gate-compound wall system
Open garage gate and pedestrian gate RAK ESH K UMAR P AN IGRA HI | B 16 05 6 5A R | SEMEST ER 1 0
Corbelled Arches : Type 1 Triangular Corbelled arch These triangular brick corbelled arches were made by first setting up triangular shuttering. Then inner most layer of bricks were laid down. This was followed by the adjacent layer of bricks laid down at an offset from the initial layer. In both layers, the corbelling start from the springline of the column and vertically increase after every course by projecting out towards the center till the apex of the arch
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Central Grand Staircase Central Grand Staircase The central grand staircase in the Newtown Convention Center is a three flight R.C.C staircase with brick parapet/railing cladded with solid wood. The staircase forms the main feature of the entrance lobby and has been designed to compliment the large volume of the space. .Frosted glass with acrylic support has been used as handrail for the staircase. Engraved Corian panels have been used for decorating.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Brick Jali Railing Exposed brick parapet wall To maintain the vernacular look of this house, a brick railing was designed by laying down bricks in two layers. In the first layer, two bricks are laid down adjacent to each other and parallel to the length of the balcony. The next layer has two bricks rotated 90 degrees to the first layer, keeping a hollow space in the middle. This creates a jali pattern to allow in airflow at the below parapet level, yet maintain a sense of privacy.
Brick jali railing creates an interesting play of light and shadow
Elevation of railing
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Aluminum Louvre Front facade Aluminum louvre detailing Operable aluminum louvres are used as a shutter window system in the extension part of this residence. This allows optimal sun shading of the space and also reduces energy costs by providing natural airflow into the room. The louvre panels are attached to the R.C.C beam using a metal hollow section, capping member and EPDM sealant.
Closed louvres
Front Elevation
Plan
Fixing/joinery detils
Open louvres
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Wooden verandah railing
Compressed bamboo wood post railing This bungalow is being constructed using dry construction method where the primary materials are steel and wood. The exterior verandah railing is designed using compressed bamboo wood post to withstand the weather conditions of Siliguri. The wooden posts are nailed to the underlying MS hollow section using MS L angle.
View of verandah
Reference project image RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Copper hood fireplace
Masonry-copper hood fireplace Surrounded by masonry 250 mm thick masonry walls and with an inner lining of fire bricks, this fireplace was created in a G+2 bungalow, located in the ground floor. It has an ash tray which can be easily removed for better maintenance. The chimney opens up in the two tiered sloping roof, protected by louvres. The look of the fireplace compliments the rusty wooden look of the bungalow.
Reference project image RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Steel Column and Wall junction Drywall and MS steel junction The dry wall panels were made using two layers of cement fiber boards in the exterior and interior with glass wool insulation in the middle. The wall is attached to the MS hollow section column via a smaller rectangular hollow section, creating a groove to highlight the junction of the two materials.
Physical model image RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Steel staircase Wooden and steel staircase The main structure of this internal staircase is made from steel. It has two C-channel beams running on both sides, below the tread. Triangular MS plate hold up the tread and riser, on top of the bream. MS L angle and checker plate are used to bolt down the wooden tread and riser boards. The final look is that of a wooden staircase but with an internal steel structure to compliment the dry construction technique of the house.
Reference project image RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Terracotta tile roof This is a hip roof made of terracotta tiles, supported by wooden rafters and purlins. The wooden truss supporting the roof rests on an R.C.C beam via the help of wall plate. Joinery in the wooden truss is done using MS steel angles and plates. The terracotta tiles provide an environmental friendly and context suitable option for the hip roof.
Wooden truss elevation
Roof section
Detail joinery RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Lift tower canopy The tower canopy on top of the lift shaft acts as a visually aesthetic element. The main tower structure is made of brick walls and R.C.C beams. On of the R..C.C beam, MS rectangular hollow sections are mounted using steel plates. Then using stiffener plates, a grid of MS circular hollow sections is made to support the canopy. The canopy itself is made up of MS circular hollow sections and aluminum louvres. The canopy almost cantilevers to 3m on all sides. from the edge of the grid.
SECTION Y Y
ELEVATION X X RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Arch windows
Corbelled Arches : Type 2
Segmental arch lintels
Segmental Corbelled arch
In this residence, predominantly made of brick,, the windows have segmental brick arches as lintels. This is done to comply with the aesthetic of the house . in terms of material and form. Also as a brick lintel has been opted for the windows instead of a R.C.C lintel, the segmental arch provides the strongest shape instead of a straight brick lintel.
A segmental arch is a type of arch with a circular arc of less than 180 degrees. They are one one of the strongest arches because it is able to resist thrust. Mostly used in residential construction over doorways, fireplaces, and windows. While a corbel arch (false arch) is an arch-like construction method that uses the architectural technique of corbeling to span a space or void in a structure, such as an entranceway in a wall or as the span of a bridge. A corbel vault uses this technique to support the superstructure of a building's roof. A segmental corbel arch is a mix of these two arches
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Arch windows details of Restoration Project
Arched windows type 1
Semicircular arch
These arched windows have four wooden panels of hinged casement type opening. The semicircular arch working as the lintel of the windows has double layers - a layer of glass on the inside, covered by a layer of mesh on the outside.
Corrugated Sheets Roofing
Arched windows type 2 Pseudo three-centered arch These arches belong to the same restoration project but of a newer block. These arches have double layered glass panel, wooden mullions and a pseudo three-centered arch.
It is a corrugated cement roofing sheet reinforced with a blend of strong factory-made fibers. These imported fibres give the roof high impact resistance..
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Entry Gate Detail
Entry Gate Details The front gate is a derivation of the concept behind the main building.which is inspired from a tree's canopy. In the main gate as well exposed structural members create the imagery of branches holding up the canopy. The form also was designed to command attention from a distance as it is the first interaction of the users with the building.
RAKESH KUMAR PANIGRAHI | B160565AR | SEMESTER 10
Rapid Contruction Walls Readymade Drywall Readymade Walls are Sandwich Panels made of Fibre Reinforced Aerated Cement Concrete and Dry Wall Boards. Their unique Tongue and Groove Jointing System facilitates rapid construction and maximizes space utilization. Readymade Walls epitomize an extremely speedy and elegant wall solution, which is compatible with a host of surface finishing choices like paint, veneers, texture coating, and wallpaper. Rapicon walls are a revolutionary drywall solution, which maintains the solid effect of a conventional brick or block wall.
RAK ESH K UMAR P AN IGRA HI | B 16 05 6 5A R | SEMEST ER 1 0
