Le Havre Cours de La Republique Park & Ride Rawan Jaber Image (China-europa.org, 2015) 1
Le Havre Cours de La Republique Rawan Jaber MA Landscape and Urbanism Kingston University Tutor: Patricia Brown 2015 Many Thanks to Patricia Brown, Simon Green, Thierry Lochard, Boris Menguy and AURH.
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01 Introduction Cours de la Republique spans approximately 2.7km from the port, through towards the university of Le Havre and ending at the forest. It is a diverse street filled with many activities and entertainment. The redesign of the main street, which flows through all types of terrain, will be the central point to the identity of the city. The aim of this project is to connect the port to the forest by creating a multifunctional shared street and introducing green infrastructure. This will improve its social, environ- mental and economical conditions. This will also be done by re-thinking the different forms of transport people use.
Thinking about the future of the city, public transport will be the ideal form of movement. Redefining the tramline and introducing it as a scenic and enjoyable journey through the improved Cours de La Republique, will allow the street to become a shared space. The outcome of this project also involves a steady increase of the quality of life surrounding it and will enable the journey through the area to become an attraction. Cours de la Republique will become the cities landmark attracting locals and tourists to Le Havre, to visit the vibrant and lively promenade.
“If you plan cities for cars and traffic, you get cars and traffic. If you plan cities for people and places, you get people and places� Cities Alive (ARUP Slimcity knowledge cards 2011)
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Contents Page Chapter One: Introduction 01 Context Le Havre Development of Le Havre Demographics Tramway City Cycle Route Urban Structure Topography City Landmarks Foret de Montgeon Green Infrastructure Chapter Two: Cours de La Republique 40 Cours de La Republique DNA History of the Cours de La Republique Distance in Kilometers Land Use Sections of Existing Conditions Attraction of the Cours de La Republique Identified Issues Chapter Three: Park & Ride Strategy Concept
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Chapter Four: Design Development Final Proposal Testing Design Ideas
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Precedent Chapter Five: Design Vision Spatial strategy Vehicular Routes New Cycle Route Tram Route Educational Route Project Phases Chapter Six: Detail Design Detail Design 1 Detail Design 2 Detail Design 3 Phases Sections Construction Detail Car Circulation Visualization Cycle Route Tram Route Lighting Strategy Spatial Strategy Activities Planting Plan Axonometric References & Bibliography
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104
149-150
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Context Le Havre is situated in the Upper Normandy region of France and lies on the estuary of the river Seine, which connects it to Paris. Also known as the port of Paris, Le Havre is the largest French container port and con- nects London to Paris. It is the second larg- est Port in France, by total traffic. Ferries take passengers, by car and foot, twice daily from and to Portsmouth, providing regular tourism and transport of supplies.
On the map to the right, the port cities of the UK and France are shown in the Eng- lish Channel. Le Havre is situated close to the middle and provides the perfect gateway for the capital, Paris. It emphasizes the importance of the port infrastructure to Le Havre and visual- izes the critical aspect of its existance to a flourishing Paris.
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6
Waterway Along the English Channel
London
Portsmouth
Le Havre
Paris
Key River Seine Waterways Port Cities Along the Channel Le Havre
0 25 50 100km Redrawn by Rawan Jaber (map of waterway along the english channel. 2013) 7
Brittany Ferry arriving in Le Havre
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber 8
Container Ship in Le Havre
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber 9
Transport Routes from Le Havre to Paris Key Cycle Route Car Route Railway River Seine
Le Havre English Channel Rouen
Modified by Rawan Jaber (Map of waterway from Le Havre to Paris 2013) 10
Paris
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Le Havre History
History of the Port
Le Havre Today - UNESCO World Heritage Site Impression Sunrise - Claude Monet
The Port of Le Havre lies on the right bank of the Seine estuary as it enters the English Channel about 106 nautical miles south-southeast of Southampton in Great Britain. The Port of Le Havre is also located some 216 kilometers west-northwest of Paris and 85 kilometers west of the Port of Rouen. In 2004, some 184 thousand people lived in the Port of Le Havre. The Port of Le Havre is France’s second port after Marseille. Much of the traffic passing through the Port of Le Havre is crude oil, but the Port of Le Havre is also important for its ship repairs and its ferry services to England and Ireland. The Port of Le Havre supports a large industrial zone that contains oil-refining, chemical, petrochemical, cement, automotive, and aeronautical industries. The Port of Le Havre contains growing service and administrative sectors and a growing tourist trade.
Le Havre Rebuilt City
Pictures of Le Havre’s Buildings
History of Garage de Graville A
B
http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/review/FRA_Port_of_Le_Havre_604.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Havre#mediaviewer/File:Le_Havre_hiver_1944-1945.
Actual Installations
Metals and Mechanics
Petrol Storage
The city of Le Havre, on the English Channel in Normandy, was severely bombed during the Second World War. The destroyed area was rebuilt according to the plan of a team headed by Auguste Perret, from 1945 to 1964. The site forms the administrative, commercial and cultural centre of Le Havre. Le Havre is exceptional among many reconstructed cities for its unity and integrity. It combines a reflection of the earlier pattern of the town and its extant historic structures with the new ideas of town planning and construction technology. It is an outstanding post-war example of urban planning and architecture based on the unity of methodology and the use of prefabrication, the systematic utilization of a modular grid, and the innovative http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1181 exploitation of the potential of concrete.
As shown from the diagrams above, the site I have chosen to work with lays on the Garage de Graville. These diagrams show that the buildings on site have mainly been used for industrial purposes. Diagram A, is a diagram from the late 1930’s showing that the site had the society of rolling mills. Diagram B, a diagram from 1976 indicating that the site was mainly used for metals and mechanics, petrol storage and installations.
(2014/2015 Rawan Jaber Portfolio)
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Areal Map of Le Havre
(https://maps.google.co.uk) 13
Development of Le Havre
(Upload.wikimedia.org, 2015)
1530
1790
1944
1960
Modified Maps by Rawan Jaber (Leveque, 2002)
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The destruction of Le Havre after WWII
1900
1936
1975
1992
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Development of Le Havre The diagram to the right shows the various developmental stages of Le Havre through- out time. It is clearly visible that life started around the port, which until today is the central point of the cities economy. Various districts have emerged after the second World War in response to an in- creasing amount of migration towards the city from surrounding rural areas.
One of the newest additions has been the Airport of Le Havre which is situated in the northern Octeville-sur-Mer district. Saint Andresse, Le centre Ville and the Foret Montgeon are the oldest populated areas of Le Havre and existed long before 1921 and have survived until today.
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Dates of the Completion of the Development of Le Havre
Octeville-sur-Mer (1971 & 1975) Rouelles (1973) Bleville (1953)
Saint Andresse
Foret Montgeon Harfleur Caucriauville (1963-1971) Sanvic (1954 & 1955)
Le Havre before 1921
Bleville (1953)
Hotel de Ville
1000m
The Port
Redrawn Map by Rawan Jaber (Leveque, 2002)
Key 1975
1971
1921
1973
1955
Before 1921
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Demographics 21 22 11
14 13
12
25
5
15
7
3 2
21
16
6
23
18 4
8 19
1 10
9
21
24
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Population of Le Havre Neighbourhood 1
Centre Ville
2
Saint-Vincent
3
Present
1999
18 724
19 357
3521
3 890
Cote ouest / Ormeaux
10 236
10 709
4
Anatole France / Danton
13 108
12 321
5
Sanvic
14 189
15 057
6
Tourneville
3 824
4 402
7
Cote est / Soquence
7 847
8 119
8
Sainte-Marie / Saint Leon
9 300
7 671
9
Arcole / Brindeau
5 114
5 397
10 Eure
2 907
2 281
11 Points Cardinaux
4 298
5 208
12 Bieville
8 322
9 200
13 Mare Rouge
3 574
5 598
14 Bois de Bieville
2 983
4 292
15 Mare au Clerc
7 026
7 345
16 Sainte-Cecile
6 329
6 613
17 Aplemont
8 830
9 227
18 Graville
7 201
7 973
19 Vallee Bereult
5 195
5 949
20 Neiges
2 134
2 768
21 Dollemard
2 689
2 637
22 Mont Gaillard
9 290
12 332
23 Caucriauville
15 693
18 743
3 085
3 185
175 497
190 924
25 Rouelles
Total
However, from the late 20th Century, untill today, Le Havre has become a shrinking city. The total population of Le Havre and its districts has shrunken by around 15 000 inhabitants. This project will counteract the outward migration and reinforce Le Havre’s ability to be a metropolitan area of great influence.
(Aurh.fr, 2015) 19
Tramway The municipality of Le Havre built its first tram in 1874 in the image of those already present in other cities to cope with the increased travel in the metropolitan area with growing communes (including Montivilliers and SainteAdresse ). This tram was one of the first in Normandy. The Le Havre tramway underwent many extensions and became an important network in terms of length. The tram was returned to service after the 1944 bombings. Despite its potential, it disappeared from the city in 1951 in favor of trolleybus- es and buses. After 59 years of interruption of the operation of the tram, new challenges lead CODAH (the Agglomeration community of Le Havre), in charge of urban transport, to consider the implementation of a new network in Le Havre. In February 2009, plans were introduced to match the
redesign of the tramway (the developments proposed for Rond-Point neighborhood, for example). In 2010 the preparatory work commenced (water pipes deviation, gas etc.). The tramway started operating in December 2012. The bus network was restruc- tured in order to offer a better term transit supply in unserved areas by tram. The town of Le Havre is responsible for all planning work necessary: development of the road and surrounding areas, diversion of underground networks, development of downtown and its traffic plan, access to the new tunnel. The drilling of this tunnel of over 500 m length, was completed in November 2011. The tunnel reserved for the tram is located parallel to the east of the existing tunnel Jenner.
1874
1970
(P4.storage.canalblog.com, 2015)
(Centerblog, 2012)
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Le Havre, Tram Route 2012-Present
A
B
A B
Tram Key Feautures • 13 km for two north-south lines • 23 stations, • 1 tunnel of 575 meters, • 22 train cars and 250 people per car, • 56,000 trips per day, • 1.1 million kilometers annually • 19 km/h commercial speed kilometers annually, • 90,000 people living within 5 minutes of a station, • 1 unique electronic ticket valid on all new network services, • 50,000 m2 of grass, 500 additional trees • 28 tons of CO2 per day avoided through electric system
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber
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City Cycle Route
The cycle route of Le Havre shown in red, is well established but needs further development to create a better connected community. The existing route runs through the beach, City center, the Foret de Montgeon, and the northern part of the Port. Diagram by Rawan Jaber 24
Cycle Route Cours de La Republique
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber
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Urban Structure
(Modified Map from documents provided by AURH) 26
Significant Buildings on the Cours de la Republique
Music School
Residential Building
Various Cafes and Bars
Public Swimming Pool
Residential Building
Various Shops
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
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Topography Le Havre’s City Structures
200
Rue de la Cavee Verte en talweg Bassin du Commerce
Av Rene Coty en pied de coteau
150
Rue Felix Faure en Crete 100 50 0
Rue Salvador Allende en Crete 200
Rue Louis Blanc en talweg
150
Bassin Vauban
Rue Aristide Briand en pied de cotaeu
100 50 0
Rue de Verdun en balcon Rue d’Emeraude en crete
200
Bd de Leningrad 150
Zone Portuaire
Le plateau de Graville
100 50 0
Redrawn Sketches by Rawan Jaber (Leveque, 2002)
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Topography of Le Havre and its Surroundings
Hike Route
The Hiking Route a challenging climb, and has a phenomenal view from the top of the cliff. By taking this route travellers encounter the beautiful cemetery and a hidden natural untouched forest. Diagram by Rawan Jaber
(AURH)
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Hike View View of the City from the Cliffs
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber
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City Landmarks
Foret Montgeon
St. Andresse
Cemetry
Jardin Suspendous Tourneville
COURS DE LA REPUBLIQUE Hotel de Ville
Stade Oceane
University of Le Havre Gare SCNF
Chamber of Commerce
Place Gambetta
Museum Marlaux
The Docks World Trade Centre
Port
Port Autonome
Gare Maritime
Key Main Routes Cliffs St Andresse Office de Tourisme St. Joseph Church Piscine Municipale La Neige UNESCO World Heritage Site 32
Landmarks of Le Havre
Hotel de Ville
Stade Oceane
Museum Marlaux
The Beach
The Dock Vauban
AD HOC Studen Accomodation
Le Havre Tower
Fish Market
Basin
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
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Foret Montgeon
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Foret de Motgeon The Foret de Montgeon is a former royal forest. It was purchased by Le Havre’s city council in 1909, and is now a public park. It is made up of 750 hectares of forest, containing two man-made lakes, an animal reserve, a 4-star campsite, several soccer fields, running tracks and the starting point for a nature-hike trail. Conifers are more likely to grow in this region. Every year, ten new plants enrich the collection account. Rich in a hundred species and varieties, it also hosts a collection of irises that beautifies the site in spring. The forest is a popular destination for tourists and locals alike. Key Camping Caravaning Centre Aere
Jardin de jeux R. Cance Stade Herouard
Parcs Animaliers Kiosque St. Joseph Church Bois des Marettes Redrawn Diagram by Rawan Jaber (Ohwy.com, 2015)
Centre cynophile Laika La Sapiniere
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
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Sections of Foret de Montgeon
1:100
Sections by Rawan Jaber
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Moving through the Foret de Montgeon
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber 37
Green Infrastructure
Modified Diagram by Rawan Jaber(AURH) 38
The map to the left shows the existing green infrastructure in Le Havre. Foret de Montgeon is the largest mass of greenery and is located in the northern districts of the city. It becomes clear, that most of the green infrastructure is located above the cliff and in the northern areas. The city centre and port area barely exhibits any parks or greenery.
For the city to maintain its healthy and clean atmosphere, green infrastructure has to be implemented in the southern part as well. By introducing natural and sustainable spaces into the southern areas, the quality of life and value of the land can be increased. New habitats will be formed and it will make the area more aesthetically attractive.
“Healthy places make people feel comfortable and at ease, increasing social interaction and reducing anti social behaivior, isolation and stress� Cities Alive (Landscape Institute, Public Health and Landscape 2013)
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02 Cours de La Republique
Sketch by Rawan Jaber
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Design Site Location
The site location is highlighted in green and shows the location in relation to the city. For this project, this part of Le Havre is seen as the DNA of the city and represents a highly important core to the culture and general life of its inhabitants.
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Diagram by Rawan Jaber
Po
rt
Co
urs
de
la
Re p
ub
liq
ue
Fo
ret
de
Mo ntg eo n
Ru
ral
La
nd
Cours de la Republique DNA
Here you can see the various sections of the site. From start to finish, this site goes through most forms of terrain. It includes the port and runs through the urban part of the Cours de La Republique, all the way to the forest and finally reaching the rural landscape. It is this change of scenery, which makes the site so important to the community as it encompasses nearly all forms of activites that are represented in the City. 42
Analysis Plans Mobility
Cycle route
Tram route
Cliffs
Green Spaces
Open Spaces
1:10 000
All Diagrams by Rawan Jaber
43
Cours de La Republique
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber 44
45
Sketches of the Existing Conditions, Cours de La Republique
Sketches by Rawan Jaber
46
Site Location 1:5500 Cours de La Republique
Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 47
History of the Cours de la Republique
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
1
3
2
4
5
7
6 Key
Port
Port Foret Montgeon
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 48
Historical Photos of the Cours de la Republique 1 The Cours de la Republique used to be a lively area full of diversity. It housed street markets, a tram (from 1894 to 1957), the main train station, a theatre and various other activities as shown in the photographs. The community used the Cours for transport and leisure with many local pop ups opening regularly.
(P7.storage.canalblog.com, 2015)
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2
3
(Images-02.delcampe-static.net, 2015)
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(Anon, 2015)
(Anon, 2015)
(Havredisparu.files.wordpress.com, 2015)
7
4
(Storage.canalblog.com, 2015)
(Anon, 2015) 49
Historical Image of Rond Point
(Images-02.delcampe-static.net, 2015) 50
51
1:5500
Distances in KM
1.7 km
2.5
km
Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 52
Distances by Foot in Minutes Port
Foret de Montgeon
1:5500
Foret de Montgeon
2
Rond Point
10 m
ins
25mins
2
1
University of Le Havre
mi ns
3
12
Hotel de Ville
48
mi
ns
26
mi
ns
Foot: 48 Minutes Cycling: 14 Minutes Car: 17 Minutes
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 53
Tram on the Cours de la Republique
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
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Distances by Foot in Minutes Mare au Clerc
1:5500
Foret de Montgeon
8m
ins
Jenner
4m
ins
Rond-Point
4m
ins
University of Le Havre
Palais de Justice Gares
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 55
Landuse
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Key Shops Cafes, Bars and Restaurants Services Religious Center Residential Buildings Residential Neighbourhoods
All around the Cours de la Republique there are shops, cafes, schools, universities, a swimming pool as well as governmental buildings. Port
It offers various attractions, visitors are encouraged to stay and experience the Cours de La Republique.
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 56
Landuse Exploded Axonometric
Educational Facilities
Car Parks
Green Spaces
Transportation
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber 57
Sections of Existing Conditions
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 58
Sections of the Cours de La Republique 1:200
Diagrams by Rawan Jaber 59
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 60
Sections of the Cours de La Republique
Stairs
1:200
Curb
Diagrams by Rawan Jaber 61
Attractions of Cours de La Republique
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Ice Skating Rink
Cemetery
Tunnel Jenner
Old Mansion
Natural Forest
Flea Market
Rond Point Public Square Famous Patisserie Religious Center
Council
Red Cross Center
Second Hand Book Store
University of Le Havre
Saturday Market
Carefour Piscine Municipale
Hotels
Gare SCNF
Underground Car Park
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 62
The Attractions Foret de Montgeon
Cemetery
Natural Forest
Tunnel Entrance
Park C
Open Space
Flea Market
Rond Point
Council Building
Book Shop
University Campus
Music School
Swimming Pool
Street Food Market
View to the cliff
Le Havre Train Station
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
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Identified Issues
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 64
Maintenance Issues
The Issues seen here are present throughout the site. Ranging from poor access to various locations through to congested and polluted roads and poorly maintained pavements and junctions. In order for future visitors to respect and enjoy the Cours de La Republique, it has to be kept in good condition.
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
65
Location of Closed Shops on the Cours de La Republique Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 66
Closed Shops
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber
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Estimate of Highly Congested Areas on the Cours de La Republique
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Key Highly Congested Medium Density of Congestion Less Congested
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber
Congestion along the Cours de la Republique is very common. Traffic is not efficiently routed through the site and major congestion appears at selected intersections. These intersections are often used by travellers to head to the city center as well as Paris. 68
Congestion at Rond Point
Photograph by Rawan Jaber
69
Lack of Green Infrastructure
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber 70
Areas on the Cours de La Republique that Lack Green Infrastructure 1:5500 Foret de Montgeon When visiting the site it quickly becomes apparent that green infrastructure has not been given enough attention. There are various areas, which appear to lack greenery, and feel dull and grey.
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber
71
03 Park & Ride Strategy Proposal The park and ride strategy encourages travellers to abandon their cars, park them at selected areas, and experience the Cours de la Republique in a new way. The main mode of transports and travel that will be encouraged are the tram, cycling and walking by foot. A new cycle route and a more attractive foot way will be intro-
duced by converting the four lane road into a two lane road, thus giving space to the pavement and tram lines. One of the main aims will be to reduce pollution and congestion and make it more at- tractive for travelling without a car.
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Park and Ride Concept 1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Key Tram Route Bus Routes
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Green Infrastructure Strategy
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
One of the strategies is to improve on the green infrastructure in the Cours de la Republique. Having an increased number and diversity of plants, flowers, trees and shrubs will create an environment, which is clean and refreshing as well as visually attractive.
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 74
Strategy Brainstorm
1:5500
Foret de Montgeon
Port
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 75
Better Connections Strategy
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 76
Multifunctional Cours de la Republique Habitat Creation Public Spaces Green Roofs, Brown Roofs
Public Transport
Sustainable Drainage
Green Walls
Urban Woodland
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
Cycle Network
City Parks Street Trees
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04 Design Development
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
78
Brainstorm Concept Diagram Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 79
Shared Space Proposal
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber
This proposal will not be implemented but shows an idea of closing the street for full pedestrian access. Concluding that this will counteract the aim of the project as the Cours de la Republique is a main connection between the southern and northern districts of the city and that doing so will cause issues of transport for the inhabitants of Le havre. 80
Design Ideas for the Cours de La Republique
Sketches by Rawan Jaber 81
Limited Vehicle Access Proposal Foret de Montgeon
This proposal will allow transport vehicles to have access to the site only at certain times of the day to supply good to the various commercial offerings on the street. Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber
By limiting these vehicles to the early mornings only, congestion can be minimized and a more efficient transport and travel system is guaranteed. 82
Design Ideas
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Final Proposal 4 Lane Road
2 Lane Road
14000 3500
3450
100 3450
8000 3500
4000
4000
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
Redrawn by Rawan Jaber (Metrics Handbook)
The drawing to the left shows the existing condition of the road, a four lane road. The drawing on the right shows the proposed plan of the redesign. A two lane road will
give more space to the pavement and will allow a less polluted street to accompany new green spaces, public squares and many other beneficial design concepts.
PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT
84
2 Lane Road, Design Ideas
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 85
Design Development of the Cours de la Republique Before 1
2
3
3
4
2
3
3
4
After 1
Diagrams by Rawan Jaber
86
These design development sketches helped to test and visualise the ideas of what the street will look like after removing clutter, expanding the pavement and narrowing the street. 5
6
7
8
9
5
6
7
8
9
87
Mobility Proposals
Cycle Route Proposals
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
88
These proposals helped in the testing of the various routes which are possible along the Cours.
89
Precedent
Photograph taken by Rawan Jaber, Barcelona July 2015 90
Trip to Las Ramblas, Barcelona, Spain
All Photographs taken by Rawan Jaber, Barcelona July 2015
The precedent for the redesigned Cours de La Republique is based on Las Ramblas in Barcelona. It is a 1.2km long tree lined street in central Barcelona and attracts many tourists as well as locals.
Transport on Las Ramblas is mainly by foot and the large pedestrianized area is located in the middle part, bordered by trees. Traffic can pass on either side of the pedes- trian area.
It is a very long and wide passage, often catering for various markets, festivals and sports events. Las Ramblas offers various kiosks, flower shops, restaurants, cafes, bars, street traders and performers, as well as some memorable sights such as the Font de Canaletes, a fountain popularly used as a meeting point.
This street is very similar to the Cours de La Republique, not only in size, but very much in the culture. Although the Cours de La Republique has been previously forgotten. Both streets offer a beautiful view of the city and pass through focal points, such as the port, urban and foresty areas.
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05
Design
The master plan is focused on the redevelopment of the Cours de La Republique and emphasizes on the following aspects: Refining and enhancing the social, economical, environmental and health issues surrounding the site. Introduction of new green infrastructure onto the site by creating new public spaces, trees, urban woodland, parks, green streets, squares, sustainable drainage systems, cycle ways, pedestrian routes, green roofs, walls and facades. This will create ‘green corridors’ that will allow species to migrate and travel through the city and inhabit the south-
ern districts. These additions will help increase the value of the natural environment, health and well being. Renewed emphasis on public transport to allow visitors and inhabitants to experience a journey through the city. One of the key focal points will also be to reclaim the culture and history of the life of the Cours de La Republique through reintroducing street markets and other activities throughout the site. This proposal will create a unity between the bio diverse wildlife and urban envronment.
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Vision
1:5500
Foret de Montgeon
Port
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 93
Spatial Strategy The redevelopment of the Cours de la Republique offers new attractions and scenery for the visitors. It is clearly visible that most of the space has an ingrained public value and use. Visitors arriving at the port, which is at the southern entrance to the Cours de La Republique, will be able to experience the street from a beautiful sea view, through
the urban forest towards the open plan forest and the rural area. The spatial strategy will include new and redeveloped locations such as public parks and squares, green infrastructure, as well as innovative routes for cyclists and pedestrians.
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Spatial Strategy Diagram 1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Key Parks and Urban woodland The Cours de La Republique and Public Services Public Squares and Spaces Private Buildings Private Parks
Port Diagram by Rawan Jaber 95
Vehicular Routes
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Cemetery
Port
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 96
New Cycle Route
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Cemetery
Port
The enhanced cycle route flows through all neighbourhoods and connects the various communities with each other and to the Cours de La Republique, while also offering a new route through the natural forest, up the cliff to the cemetery.
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 97
Tram Routes
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Port
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
The tram route offers the transition from the beach, through the whole of the Cours de La Republique and up to the forest. The tram route allows the visitors to experience the new and enhanced views of the Cours de La Republique. 98
Important public and private places located along the Cours de La Republique Pedestrian Walkway, Entrance to the University of Le Havre Rond Point
Cemetery
Natural Forest
Foret de Montgeon
Shops, Cafes and Bars
Piscine Municipale
Hotels
University of Havre Carefour
Car Parks
New Park
Isonometric by Rawan Jaber
99
Educational Route
1:5500 Foret de Montgeon
Cemetery Natural Forest Private Park Flea Market Space
Council
Green Space Public Square
Red Cross Center University of Le Havre Music School
Piscine Municipale Urban Park
Entrance to the Cours de La Republique Port
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 100
The educational journey can be taken either by foot or by cycle and will educate visitors on the various sites. Each site will have numerous educational stations, which will inform participants about historical events or existing conditions that occurred close to or around it. Follow-
ing the educational route, visitors will enter a new journey through history and will be able to explore and learn about the locations on the Cours de La Republique, such as at the University of Le Havre.
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Project Phases Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 1 of the project will focus on the southern part of the Cours de La Republique. Green infrastructure is implemented along the street at key points in order to promote the entry to the street from the port. Green roofs, parks and car parks are situated here to encourage the use of public transport and travel through the northern
Phase 2 is focusing on the development of the university campus and its surroundings. A clear entrance to the campus is designed and the street leading to the university is pedestrianized. This pedestrianized street will become the focal point of the new weekend market – the existing weekend market behind the campus will be redirected here. The car park created in phase 1 will help the unclogging of this area.
parts of the street. All Diagrams by Rawan Jaber
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Phase 3
Phase 4
The central point of phase 3 is the emphasis towards Rond Point. The greenway in the Cours de la Republique will lead visitors towards the newly improved Rond Point. Various shops and local amenities are hosted here, giving visitors a break and relaxation point for further endeavours. The upgraded traffic flow will help unclog and depollute the area, making it more attractive for cyclists
The last phase creates a clear connection between the natural forest, the cemetery and the Foret de Montgeon. As there is no existent drag towards these areas from the Rond Point, this phase will create a completely new push for visitors and locals to explore and use the open public spaces further.
and travellers by foot.
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06 Detail Design This Detailed Design is part of phase 1 of the development. It is located in the southern part of the Cours de La Republique close to the music school. The main components of the site are green roofs, walls, brown roofs, street trees, sustainable drainage, public squares and green spaces. Urban green space provides important places for leisure and physical exercise and will reduce anti social behaviour and stress. In addition, these sites will improve physical and mental health of visitors and locals alike (Cities Alive booklet, pg 31).
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Key Green Spaces Green Roofs Roads Pavements Brown Roofs Crossings Cycle Route Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Detail Design Zoom 1 Crossing the University of Le Havre
1:100
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 106
Detail Section
1:200
B B
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
107
Detail Design 2
This detail is located in and around the music school and the university. The road between the two buildings is pedestrianized and further encourages travel by foot and cycle. It not only unclogs the area of the vehicles, but provides safe passage for visitors. The pedestrianized road will host the local Saturday market and promote local shops and amenities, as well as creating a new open space and entrance to the university campus for the local students. A steady reduction in traffic will lead to a lasting longterm positive effect on the health of the local residents as they seek to alternate methods of transport and pursue healthier lifestyle choices.
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
108
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Brown Roofs Crossings Cycle Route Diagram by Rawan Jaber 109
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Diagram by Rawan Jaber
110
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Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Cours de La Republique Intersection Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Detail Design 3 This detail design is within phase 3 of the development and is located at Rond Point. This intersection has always been a very congested traffic location. The design will involve narrower streets and an improved traffic circulation mechanism. The larger pedestrian pavements and spaces designed will encourage more visitors to travel to and from the site by alternative transport methods. It will also encourage the area to be used as a multi functional space with different activities such as multi cultural street food, communal and flea markets. This part of the Cours de La Republique also acts as a connecting point to the Northern district of Le Havre and encourages further movement towards the cemetery and the natural forest.
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
This part of the street is the most important and influential as it provides a direct route, with the tram, cycle or by foot, to the city centre, down the Cours de La Republique and up the cliff towards the Foret de Montgeon.
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Car Park
Detail Plan 3 - Rond Point 1:500
Key Green Spaces Roads Pavments Crossings Cycle Route Diagram by Rawan Jaber 115
Project Phases Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 1 focuses on the roadwork in order to implement the new traffic circulation mechanism.
Planting and development of the public square. New seating arrangements and recreational areas are intro-
Phase 3
Phase 4
The priority of phase 3 lies within the planting and pavements of the area leading up to the Rond Point from the south. Social meeting points, relaxation areas and walkways are introduced.
Phase 4 concentrates on planting the park and creating the green space towards the north of Rond Point.
duced.
Diagrams by Rawan Jaber
116
Phase 5- Completion
1:500
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 117
Detail Design Zoom 3, Rond-Point
1:100
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Detail Section BB, Rond-Point
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Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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1:100
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Construction Detail- Wooden Bench
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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Visual 1 - Public Square, Rond Point
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
Site components: Benches, Trees, Pharmacy, Bank, Shops, Cafes, Restaurants, Bars, Shelter and Green roofs. Very culturally diverse square filled with people and
cuisine from different parts of the world. A healthier environment for the public.
“As towns increasingly compete with one another to attract investment, the presence of good parks, squares, gardens and other public spaces becomes a vital business and marketing tool: companies are attracted to locations that offer well-designed, well-managed public places and these in turn attract customers, employees and services. In town centres, a pleasant and well-maintained environment increases the number of people visiting retail areas, otherwise known as ‘footfall’.” —Cities Alive (helen wOOlley AnD SiAn rOSe, “The vAlue Of puBliC SpACe, CABe” (2004))
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Car Circulation, Rond-Point
1:500
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 124
Visual 2- Two Lane Road, Rond Point
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
This Visualization is demonstrating the design of the two lane road instead of a four lane road. The increase of green infrustructure on the Cours de la republique, and expansion of the pavements to make more space for the
people. A more sufficient cycle route has also been introduced. The idea is to create a multifunctional street for the public.
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Visual 4- University Campus
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
The Cours de la Republique is filled with attractions as shown in throughout this document. When visiting the site I spoke to many of the locals and realised that we all had many findings in common. The multicultural street lacked people. The university of Le Havre did not feel like a proper university campus as there was no visible entrance to it, as well as the music school. This visual is situated by the music school, the idea is to involve the public with these sites, and to allow students to share their talents with the people of the city and
visitors. It will encourage these talented artists to persue their hobbies, and will hopefully attract more people to the site. For this to happen, people would need to experience the cours de la republique by foot, cycling, or even by using public transport such as the tram, or buses. All these methods of transport help connect the southern districts to the northern districts and enable people to mix with one another “breaking the ice�. The aim is also to make the cours de la republique a road for everyone.
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Visual 5- Green Spaces & Urban Parks
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
A part of the strategy is to introduce more green spaces, parks, green streets, walls, and urban woodland to the Cours de la Republique. This increases the quality of living in the city, and helps improve the health, and social environment.
as connecting the foret de montgeon to the port, nature meets nature. This could also encourage animals to migrate throughtout the city, forming different habitats for other species.
Doing so creates an emphasis on the connection between the northern and southern part of the city. Aswell
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Improved Cycle Route, Rond-Point
1:500
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 128
Tram Route, Rond-Point
1:500
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 129
Materials on Site
1:500
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 130
Material Palette
Granite
Grass
Existing supplies and materials will be used to develop the site. The pavement will be fixed and repaired, while the benches will be cleaned and treated. The materials
Wood
Tarmac
will be re-used in order to preserve the existing identity and lower costs.
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Lighting Strategy
1:500
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 132
Outdoor Lighting Solar Lights
Lighting
The implemented lighting within each phase and design are LED street lights, designed to be sustainable, cost effective and energy efficient.
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Spatial Strategy
1:500
Parks and Urban Woodlands Car Park Flea Market Space Road Cycle Route Pavement
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
134
Diagrams Showing Site Components Roads
Pavements
Tramline
Green Spaces
Market
Cycleroute
Car Park
Street Trees
The Birch Walk
Communal Areas
Diagrams by Rawan Jaber
135
Activities on the Cours de La Republique
1:500
Private Park Green Spaces Flea Market Space Public Squares “Birch Walk”
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 136
Visual 3 - Rond Point
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
An increase in urban activity will create a need for increased support for interactions and activities to strengthen the neighbourhood community. Places for people to
eat, play, perform, and simply intereact with one another are designed.
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1:500
Planting Plan 12 MG 10 PC
4 BP
3 PH
7 PC 3 MG 19 PC
12 PC 2 MG 8 PC 15 PC
24 BP
7 MG
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
18 PC 7 MG 138
Photos of Plants Betula Pendula
Pyrus Calleryana
Magnolia Grandiflora
Platanus Hispanica
(Barrysgardencentre.ie, 2015)
(Barrysgardencentre.ie, 2015)
(Barrysgardencentre.ie, 2015)
(Barrysgardencentre.ie, 2015)
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Ulex Europaeus
Rhus Typhina
Escallonia Cardinalis
Buxus Sempervirens
(Intermountainbiota.org, 2015)
(Gardendesignfocus.files.wordpress.com, 2015)
(Jardinerie.jardiland.com, 2015)
(Barrysgardencentre.ie, 2015)
Euphorbia Palustrius
Lychnis Chalcedonica
Lavandula Angustifolia
Euphorbia Palustris
(Knollgardens.co.uk, 2015)
(Plantarium.ru, 2015)
(Upload.wikimedia.org, 2015)
(Luirig.altervista.org, 2015)
Dendrocopos major
Garrulus glandarius
Parus major
(C2.staticflickr.com, 2015)
(C2.staticflickr.com, 2015)
(C1.staticflickr.com, 2015)
Picus viridis
Strix aluco The above plants and birds are local plants, which can be easily implemented along the site. The birds are known to surround the natural forest of Le Havre and the Foret Montgeon and can migrate to the newly formed green infrastructure.
(C1.staticflickr.com, 2015)
(Owlpages.com, 2015)
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Construction of Trees
Swales
Diagram by Rawan Jaber 141
Axonometric for the use of public consultation Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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143
Diagram by Rawan Jaber
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It is intended this project provides a test bed for exploring the value of the city and enhances the quality of public realm, and celebrates the assets of Le Havre.
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“This research shows how good street design contributes both economic benefits and public value. It shows that investment in design quality brings quantifiable financial returns and that people value improvements to their streets. Simply improving street design can make a major difference to market values. For the first time we can see that the best streets really are paved with gold.” Cities Alive (Cabe, “Paved With Gold”, The Real Value Of Street Design (2007))
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