(RE) IMAGINE PARADISE by Reann Camille

(re)imagining: Paradise

Project done in collaboration with Margaux Elliot - without who this project wouldn’t have been made possible. Studio Sponsors WRNS Studios Cal Poly Student Affairs BNIM Architects mode associates Chico State University Kijeong Jeon Rouben Mohiuddin Debra Larsen Seema Sehrawat Rachel Simmons Melody Stapleton

acknowledgements

State of California Seth Doulton, Treasurers’ Office Fiona Ma, State Treasurer Eric Shaw, Office of Emergency Services Danna Stapleton, Lieutenant Governor’s Office Cal Poly David Askay Mark Cabrinha Mario Esola Amir Hajrasouliha Keith Humphrey Bob Linscheid

Kent MacDonald Margot Macdonald Bill Siembieda Sandy Stannard Jesse Vestermark Russell White Paradise Residents Abby Armer Charles Brooks Melissa Boutelle Lowell Forward Melissa Schuster Tama Czarnecki Olivia Taylor Other Lief Mckay Melanie Mills Byron Mouton Brian Tanner Auburn Rural Studio John Willbanks Phyllis Wong Wagonner and Ball Theresa Garcia

chapter 1 introduction chapter 2 community overview chapter 3 resiliency + disaster recovery

table of contents

chapter 4 visions + goals

chapter 5 constructing a downtown chapter 6 the built environment chapter 7 the future bibliography appendices

When first approaching the town of Paradise, you are greeted by a breathtaking canyon view accompanied by sloped mountains covered in undulating rivers of green pines. Legend has it that the town gets its name from a passing mill crew after delivering a load of lumber on an unusually warm summer’s day. Exhausted, they came into the shade of the lush pine forests and sat on the soft needles below. Satiated, one of the men exclaimed, “Boys, this is paradise!” For anyone who has traveled Skyway Road, it is easy to see why the name stuck. The majestic natural beauty of the canyon and the surrounding Sierra Nevada Mountains instill a humbling sense of awe. Upon the mountain and away from the noise of the city, Paradise residents are very fond of their small town. The tall pine trees around their houses provided privacy and a close connection to nature; the various public events throughout the year created a strong relationship amongst the community. Because of this strong community bond, the town was able to recover quickly after the 2008 and 2018 fires (Humboldt Fire and Camp Fire). The Paradise community is indisputably resilient. When the Paradise residents were awakened by panicked knocking on their doors on November 8th, 2018, they had no idea that they were facing the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in the history of California. Wildfires were an ever present reality in the area. Because of this, some people decided to stay behind to protect their homes and businesses. However, the black smoke soon covered the sky, and ashes engulfed the entire town. By the time people realized they had to evacuate, the smoke had blocked all the sunlight, and it seemed like the dusk rather than the dawn of the day. Stumbling and struggling to see and breathe, Paradise residents tried to flee out of town as fast as possible. Unfortunately, some of them ended up on disconnected roads or stuck in the stand-still traffic and escaped on foot. The fire scorched approximately 153,000 acres of land, killed 86 people, and was not put out until 17 days later after heavy rainfall.

ch1. introduction

Lots of conversations about loss arose after the fire, but the lesson gained from this tragedy should not be forgotten. Looking at history, humans tend to not change their lifestyle or technology until something catastrophic happens. For example, the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the subsequent fire changed the city’s understanding of housing. The dense wooden structures were a tinderbox waiting for a match that, once ignited, would burn down a quarter of the city. This horrifying natural disaster sparked discussion of improving earthquake engineering design, urban planning, and fireproofing for buildings. There is so much that we can learn from the Camp Fire, and there is so much we can do to prevent the next wildfire in Paradise and communities like it. After losing over 90% of its structures, Paradise has a second chance to be planned and built with contemporary knowledge and technology. The streets can be repaved to have sidewalks and bike lanes, commercial buildings can be closer to each other, and a wildland-urban interface zone can be created to provide defensible space and create a more physically resilient condition. Paradise also has a chance to be proactive and solve other issues, including creating a town that is energy, water, and waste regenerative. This is an opportunity for Paradise to become the first Zero Net Energy town in California, paving the way for what is possible by evolving into an ideal mountain town. The heartbreaking tragedy of the past not only shaped Paradise’s history, but also becomes a chance to reimagine the town to be more resilient socially, economically and

executive summary

Twenty-six thousand people were displaced due to the Camp Fire. One thousand families are still searching for housing six months after the fire. In order for these people to return home, Paradise needs to be rebuilt in a timely manner. A group of third-year architecture students from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo intends to bring inspiration for Paradise residents through designing sustainable, fire-resistant, community-oriented buildings. Based on research and multiple rounds of community meeting feedback, a new town concept plan, along with individual building designs, have been tailored to revitalize Paradise and to act as catalysts for further investment. Through mentoring and peer-review of designs from professional firms, the projects are able to be developed more fully to bring Paradise residents hope that there will be a home they can return to.

The rich history of Paradise dates back to 1848 when gold was first discovered along the American River. This attracted many of the early settlers of Paradise. The largest gold nugget, weighing 54 pounds, was found in Magalia, an adjacent town to the North of Paradise. This inspired the Gold Nugget Days Festival which is celebrated annually in April. To respond to the growing population due to the Gold Rush, infrastructure was built reactively to support the families settling in Paradise. Lumber mills, a post office, a school, and a church were built by 1880. Then a new round of settlers came to Paradise and established agriculture which would become a big part of the townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s identity. More infrastructure like the Magalia Reservoir and the Paradise Irrigation District were created to support the irrigation needs of local agriculture. In 1889, they celebrated the Paradise Harvest Festival in honor of this agricultural heritage which has now become the Johnny Appleseed Days that Paradise celebrates today.

ch2. community From 1950 to the mid-1960s the population quadrupled to 20,000 people in just over a decade at which point they decided to become incorporated as a town. This rampant growth resulted in a town that was built reactively, instead of with a clear plan in place, with low density, sprawl, limited infrastructure, and discontinuous streets. These problems would contribute to the devastation of the wildfires to come. In 2008, the Humboldt Fire evacuated 9,500 residents and destroyed 66 homes. Ten years later, in November of 2018, the Camp Fire devastates the town killing 85 people and destroying 14,000 homes and 5,000 other buildings. This tragic event brought about the question of whether it would be safe to rebuild the town the way it was. The town lacked adequate infrastructure and central planning, and was therefore not fire resilient. This tragedy now becomes an opportunity to redesign a town that addresses these problems to create a Paradise that is resilient physically, socially, and economically.

overview

economic The culture of Paradise revolves around its history, community, and outdoor environment. The many assets of Paradise create its culture. Their greatest assets are its festivals and events, recreation center, performing arts center, the many outdoor activities available to residents, and most importantly their strong community ties. All of these make it their beloved home. Their major festivals are the Gold Nugget Days, Johnny Appleseed Days, and the Chocolate Festival. Gold Nugget Days celebrate the beginnings of Paradise as a gold mining town where nearby in Magalia the largest gold nugget was found. The first two days of the festival feature a parade, a Miss Gold Nugget Pageant, childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s costume contest, donkey derby, crafts fair, among many other fun activities. Johnny Appleseed Days celebrate the townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history in agriculture. It is a festival in which there is local entertainment, vendors, artisans, and most importantly apple pies. The residents of Paradise bake a thousand apple pies for this event. The Chocolate Fest is a fun day to celebrate all things chocolate. Among the events during this day are the fun run called Chocolate Chase, a bike ride called Tour â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;de Chocolate, the Chocolate Cuisine Challenge, and the royal coronation of the Chocolate Fest Queen and King. These three festivals bring the community together to celebrate their town, history, and people. It is one of their strongest assets. The other most important asset the town has is

its natural environment. Paradise is recognized for its dynamic surroundings, with vistas of pine and oak forests, rivers, and mountains. Being here is like living and breathing nature. During the summer months, there are swimming spots and rivers right outside of town. There are many hikes and trails like the Paradise Flume Trail to the east of town and the Paradise Memorial Trailway which is located right along the middle of town. In the winter months when it snows, a short drive southwest allows them to ski and snowboard. In town, they have parks like Billie Park and Paradise Community Park which have beautiful landscaping, a gazebo, and a lake which make it a great place to go for the day. It is also a great venue for events like weddings and birthdays. There is also Terry Ashe Park where the Paradise Recreation Center is located. It is utilized for birthdays and events. During the winter the skating rink at the recreation center opens. The natural landscape and available outdoor activities make being active in sports and outdoors a great part of the lives of the people of Paradise. All of these assets of festivals, nature and outdoor activities, and civic centers create the culture and lifestyle of Paradise. These are the reasons people settled in Paradise and the reason people choose to retire and stay here. It is what makes its people feel proud and passionate about their town.

prior + anticipatory demographoics 85 and over 4.8% 75-84 8.1%

0-4 4%

5-9 3.9%

10-14 5.4% 15-17 3.4% 18-20 2.8%

65-74 11.3%

21-24 6.4%

60-64 9.3%

(Left): Age Demographics of Paradise Residents Pre-Fire

25-34 9.7%

55-59 8.3%

35-44 9.4% 45-54 13.1%

Age

Total Percent (%) 5

Actual

> 5 < 18

4,500

> 18 < 24

3,000

> 24 < 48

7,500

> 48 < 64

7,500

>64 < 72

3,000

> 72

3,000

<5 (Right): Anticipatory Table of Future Paradise Residents

> 72

1,500

Before the Camp Fire, Paradise, was home to a population of 26,400 people, from which 98.9% are US citizens. As of 2017, 2.39% of Paradise, CA residents were born outside of the country. The ethnic composition of the population of Paradise, CA is composed of 23.3k White Alone residents (88.3%), 1.64k Hispanic or Latino residents (6.21%), 834 Two or More Races residents (3.15%), 308 American Indian and Alaska Native Alone residents (1.17%), 269 Asian Alone residents (1.02%), 53 Black or African American Alone residents (0.2%), 0 Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Alone residents (0%), and 0 Some Other Race Alone residents (0%). Consequently, the most common foreign languages spoken in Paradise, CA are Spanish or Spanish Creole (703 speakers), German (167 speakers), and Chinese (88 speakers). Due to the disproportionally large young and old populations in Paradise, the median age of all people in Paradise, CA was 49.2. Nativeborn citizens, with a median age of 49, were generally younger than than foreign-born citizens, with a median age of 58. Paradise was majorly a town with young families and retired couples. Consequently, the town was home to a large population of veterans with over 1,039 Vietnam War veterans, 299 Korean War veterans, and 217 Gulf War veterans. Looking forward, the demographics of the town will change dramatically as people begin to repopulate the area. According to a survey from Urban Design Associates, only 51% of residents plan on returning to Paradise. Furthermore, only 36% say that they will return their children to school in Paradise. Through conversation with displaced Paradise residents, many have expressed that retired residents have decided that it is not worth the wait to rebuild in Paradise and have instead moved someplace else. Many generational families will return likely to Paradise as their families have resided there for centuries. As for the overall influx of people wanting to re-populate Paradise, the overall economic, workforce, and educational development of the town will determine the demographics of the â&#x20AC;&#x153;newâ&#x20AC;? Paradise.

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Ecosystem Understanding Paradise is a town in Butte County, California located at 35.7596º N, 121.6219º W. Paradise is located to the east of Chico and north of Sacramento in the Sierra Nevada foothills in a lush green environment among pine and oak forests. It is located on a ridge in the foothills that has elevations ranging from 2,000 to 2,800 feet above sea level. The topography in Paradise is rugged, resembling a plateau surrounded by canyons and becomes increasingly hilly. The topography in Paradise ranges from being extremely walkable to non-buildable with slopes ranging between 0% up to greater than 20%. Paradise has few main roads due to the unique topography. Soils in Paradise are well drained and of a reddish brown loam. Paradiso, originally formed from volcanic rock, is the most common soil found in the town. Pre Camp Fire land use types in Paradise ranged from commercial zoning, to residential, industrial, public service, and agricultural land use types. Uses were separated horizontally, with the primary commercial zones being along Skyway and Clark. Paradise is a grassland chaparral and mixed conifer habitat biome. This type of biome along with the climate of Paradise allows for the town to be covered in a heavy green canopy, creating a wooded sense of place. There are many natural assets in and around Paradise. There are many water features within Butte County surrounding Paradise such as Feather River and Butte Creek which contribute to the rich diversity in vegetation and wildlife. There are also many protected areas within the county such as Plumas National Forest, Butte Sink National Wildlife Refuge, and Lassen National Forest which all contribute to the beauty and preservation of the natural assets surrounding the town. Native vegetation in Paradise includes tall foothill ponderosa pines, california black or blue oaks, western redbud, lupine, flannelbush, buckeye, california buckwheat, common whiteleaf manzanita, california fuschia, deergrass, and coyote brush. Most of these native plants require well drained soils, are drought tolerant, and are able to withstand the hot, dry summers of Paradise. The type of wildlife found in Paradise can range from snakes (king snakes, rattlesnakes, gopher snakes, garter snakes, and striped racer snakes), opossums, bats, squirrels, fox, racoons, mountain lions, western bluebirds, yellow warblers, bobcats, coyotes, and bears. Paradise has a heating dominated mediterranean climate which consists of hot summers, and wet, cool winters. The predominant wind direction comes from the north east along the ridge, and under some conditions iis strong. Average summer temperatures for June, July, and August are in the 90º’s F range with June having an average high and low of 84º / 60 º, July with 92º / 66º, and August with an average high and low of 90º / 64º. Average fall temperatures average around 70º F. September has an average high and low of 85º / 61º F, while October has an average of 74º / 53º F, and

(Biodiversity, Climatic Conditions, Topography, etc.) 12 AM

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Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

42.00

107.6

36.99

98.58

31.98

89.56

26.97

80.55

21.96

71.53

16.95

62.51

11.94

53.49

6.93

44.47

1.92

35.45

-3.09

26.44

-8.10

17.42

Dry Bulb Temperature - Hourly

November with 60º/44º F average high and low temperatures. Average winter temperatures reach as low as 36º F. December has an average high and low temperature of 53º / 39º F, while January has averages of 54º / 39º F, and February with 57º / 41º F. The temperature averages 68º F in the spring. The average high and low in March is 61º / 43º F, while April averages 66º / 47º F, and May with averages of 76º / 53º F. The town experiences snowfall in the winter as well. Paradise averages approximately 3 inches of snowfall per year and nearly inches of rain on average per year which is greater than the average rainfall for California at 22 inches on average annually.

Temperature (F) 120 100 80

Record high

Utilizing a green roof in building design would provide for roof insulation, lower air temperatures, and provide for water retention. Implementing a green roof into building design requires anywhere between 2.5 inches to 39 inches in thickness for the proper structure and roofing material implementation depending on the intensity of the roof garden. When designing for daylighting consider building form, shading, and glazing area. Buildings with a narrow floor plate and elongated east and west can maximize glazing to light interior spaces while minimizing solar heat gain on the north and south faces. Incorporating high ceilings and windows will also optimize interior lighting. To design for solar shading on the south face, exterior horizontal louvers and horizontal overhangs can be used. Shading should be size as the size of the glazing on that face in order for it to work effectively.

Average high

Average low

Record low 20 0

Taking advantage of the strong north east wind would require a design that incorporates opposite inlet and outlet air openings into the building. Inlet openings should be oriented perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction and outlet openings should be oriented opposite the inlet openings to provide for natural cross ventilation. Elongating the building form along the east and west direction will minimize solar heat gain and allow for cooling.

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Due to the nature of this climate, good passive design strategies to utilize here are natural ventilation and cooling, direct solar heat gain, solar shading on the south, and minimizing north glazing. Other strategies to also consider are utilizing thermal mass, implementing the use of solar pv panels on rooftops for energy production, planting native vegetation that are low water maintenance and fire resistant, and using green roofs for rainwater collection.

14.5

5.95

Aunual

0.22

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0.10

14.5

8.81 5.95

1.92 S

17.5

11.6

3.62

3.08 S

8.72

5.32

8.81 SE

20.3

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26.0

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17.2

28.9

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3.08 S Winter

0.22

Good landscaping strategies to implement into this mountainside community are preserving native species, landscape with fire resilient species, preserve natural drainage patterns on site, protect and preserve healthy soils, locate and manage vegetation to mitigate potential fire hazards and to prevent unnecessary grading or stripping of vegetation. Planting trees on the east and west faces of buildings cools the ground around the building as well as air temperatures, and provides for shading. With landscaping a site, it is important to consider effective defensible space which requires proper management of vegetation around buildings. Areas within 30 feet of buildings must be planted with vegetation that cannot easily ignite and should be routinely maintained. Canopies of mature trees should not be within 10 feet of the building to avoid the risk of ignition. Choosing to landscape with plants that are low growing and have a high moisture content such as herbaceous non woody plants and succulents within 3 feet of the building will help to mitigate the risk of fire spreading due to vegetation.

ch.3 resilience and disaster recovery Each city grapples with responding to threats. In California, natural threats can range from earthquakes, flooding or fire. For towns in locations of high fire hazard zones, they are primarily contending with the threat of wildland sourced fires. These fires can be caused by natural sources such as lightning, human caused, or infrastructure based. The more accessible the natural setting, the more likely that humans play a role, intentional or not. In Paradise there were two fires in 2008 that necessitated evacuation, caused damage to property (buildings and vehicles), and played a role in influencing the natural surroundings to create the deadly conditions of the 2018 fire. Post 2008, PG&E provided maintenance along the ridge where they removed mature trees surrounding the above ground utility lines. Once these mature trees had been removed, the underbrush was able to grow exponentially and PG&E did not continue with their maintenance regimen. The Camp Fire of Butte County California was started on November 8, 2018 and was not fully contained until the 25th of November. During that time, the fire swept through the town of Paradise and the surrounding wilderness. The fire led to 85 civilian fatalities, and 12 injuries. By the time of containment, 153,300 acres and nearly 19,000 structures had burned, depleting the town of most of its resources including fresh water. The fire created 16.5 billion dollars in damages, over 4 billion dollars of which was not insured. The Camp Fire was the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in Californiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history and the deadliest fire in the United States since the Cloquet fire of 1918. Further investigations since this time determined that under-maintained electrical transmission lines ignited fires in two locations (Pulga and Concow/Rim Road) to create the deadly fire. These initial starts, combined with â&#x20AC;&#x153;idealâ&#x20AC;? fire conditions created the extraordinarily fast moving and hot burning fire. Winds were blowing down the ridge to Paradise at 40 - 50 mph, relative humidity was extraordinarily low (11%) and the ignition points were met with poorly maintained underbrush that acted as perfect fuel for the fire. Interestingly enough, the underbrush was thriving due to maintenance practices caused by the 2008 fires, also found to be caused by PG&E.

defining and implementing recovery Each city grapples with responding to threats. In California, natural threats can range from earthquakes, flooding or fire. For towns in locations of high fire hazard zones, they are primarily contending with the threat of wildland sourced fires. These fires can be caused by natural sources such as lightning, human caused, or infrastructure based. The more accessible the natural setting, the more likely that humans play a role, intentional or not. In Paradise there were two fires in 2008 that necessitated evacuation, caused damage to property (buildings and vehicles), and played a role in influencing the natural surroundings to create the deadly conditions of the 2018 fire. Post 2008, PG&E provided maintenance along the ridge where they removed mature trees surrounding the above ground utility lines. Once these mature trees had been removed, the underbrush was able to grow exponentially and PG&E did not continue with their maintenance regimen.

The Camp Fire of Butte County California was started on November 8, 2018 and was not fully contained until the 25th of November. During that time, the fire swept through the town of Paradise and the surrounding wilderness. The fire led to 85 civilian fatalities, and 12 injuries. By the time of containment, 153,300 acres and nearly 19,000 structures had burned, depleting the town of most of its resources including fresh water. The fire created 16.5 billion dollars in damages, over 4 billion dollars of which was not insured. The Camp Fire was the deadliest and most destructive wildfire in Californiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history and the deadliest fire in the United States since the Cloquet fire of 1918. Further investigations since this time determined that under-

assessing the need This assessment focuses on establishing the “long-term impact of damages sustained by a community,” looking specifically at the housing, infrastructure, environment, and economy sectors. In Paradise, the immediate needs that were identified included site clean-up, infrastructure improvement, and finding funding to rebuild. Meeting these needs is seen as the precursor to rebuilding a new, more resilient Paradise. It was quick to identify the physical damage caused by the fire. This information is readily available to residents and those attempting to help at Cal Fire ArcGIS.

Photo By: Joe Johnston

selecting a leader and outlining a long-term community recovery plan

FEMA states that leadership is a critical step, noting “a good leader will serve as a beacon for community and government involvement and will convey the importance of the recovery process to local, state, and federal officials.” To help with the long term recovery a number of supporting organizations listed joined with the Town of Paradise and Urban Design Associates (UDA) to create a Long Term Recovery Plan.

securing outside support Photo By: Alyson Liang

Because of the nature of disaster, recovery is not possible alone. Creating partnerships with local, state and federal agencies, as well as private and nongovernmental organizations can make the recovery process more effective. The Town of Paradise has found partnerships with several public and private agencies across the spectrum of needs that Paradise has identified. These include organizations that focus on economic development, schools and youth, utilities, arts and culture, academia, and housing. Because support from these agencies must be coordinated, frequent meetings at a range of scales have been held, and the input from all groups has been noted in order to best create a plan that meets the desires of the town. A fund has been formed titled Butte Strong which focuses on addressing long term recovery needs. Further work is yet to be done to engage support beyond this source, including funds from PG&E, the State of California, Federal and other sources. UDA hosted many outreach meetings to engage the community, and their desires for the future Paradise have been heard.

establishing a public information campaign The long term success of a recovery program is largely determined by the extent of community involvement. A public information campaign helps get community members involved and focused on long-term planning for the community. This can be a challenge when the long-term circumstances of community members may be unclear. Residents are scattered across the country, but there is an anticipated 51% of residents planning to return to rebuild. Sharing information to involve the community is critical and allows the community to take back ownership of their town. The Town has since hired an agency to help with communication called Blue Flamingo. Photo By: Stacey White

Photo By: Joe Johnston / University Marketing

reaching a consensus The Paradise recovery process likely will not end for many years. The Paradise community has strong leaders and community members that are dedicated to rebuilding, and their progress thus far in establishing a plan illustrates the willingness and excitement moving forward, toward a more resilient town. Marcy Douglas, city administrator of Northwood, North Dakota, a community of 1,000 that was leveled by a category 4 tornado, believes that the recovery mindset was vital to the rebuilding of her city, explaining that â&#x20AC;&#x153;If you respond to a disaster with recovery in mind, recovery will happen,â&#x20AC;? (Douglas as quoted by Becker, 7).

wildland urban interface In California the number of housing units in Wildland Urban Interface, has gone up from 3.3 million units in 1990 to 4.4 million in 2010 (Cal Fire). WUI’s are communities surrounded by natural areas at risk of wildland fires. Roughly 50% of Butte County, CA and the entirety of the Town of Paradise are characterized by Cal Fire as being located in a very high fire hazard severity zone. However, the purpose of the Wildland Urban Interface standards is meant to inform communities on materials for buildings that can preserve life. The State Fire Marshal states that protecting a building from a wildfire requires considering the proximity of vegetation to buildings and the type of vegetation and constructing the building of fire Removing flammable materials from around the building, with fuel modification to 100 feet (or the property line) Zone 1(0’-30’)cc 1. Tree branches 2. Shrubs 3. Dead plants grass and weeds 4. Prune/remove plants and shrubs near windows 5. Overhanging vegetation from roof/chimney 6. Under deck vegetation Zone 2 (30’-100’) 1. Horizontal space between shrub and trees 2. Lawns trimmed to 4” 3. Remove fallen branches 4. Remove all branches below 6’ above ground from tree 5. Fire resistant accessory structures and fencing

Photo By: Stacey White

For reconstruction there is an opportunity to leverage existing on-site resources and improve fire resistivity in the newly built structures. Materials listed such as solid wood and cross laminated timber are now recognized nationally (and by code) as sustainable methods deemed to have a very appropriate performance in a fire (up to 90 minutes). Unlike steel, solid wood and CLT remains structurally stable in a fire up to 400 degrees due to creating a charred layer.

Construct the building of fire resistive materials. 1. Roof coverings, 2. Fire resistive wall and ceiling-floor assemblies, 3. Non combustible or fire resistant decking 4. Fire doors, 5. Tempered glass 6. Non combustible wall finish materials and cladding 7. Fire dampers, enclosed under floor areas 8. Shield gutters, fire and non-fire related hardware, electrical appliances and devices

resiliency

Resiliency is defined as the ability of a place, and all aspects that makes that place unique, to recover after a disaster. This broad idea of resiliency is broken down into three major categories: social, economic, and physical. In order for design to fully support its user population, it should seek to provide resilience in all three of these categories. The intersection of different types of resiliency compounds the ability of the environment to prevent and recover from disaster.

social resilience A socially resilient place has a strong sense of community that is developed through community events, classes, and architecture that fosters congregation. Paradise was able to maintain this type of community through the many different churches that were there, as well as the popular community events which allowed for social interaction.

economic resilience

Creating a place with economic resiliency ensures that it can recover after economic downturns and also have a financial base to aid in natural disaster recovery. Planning for and inviting diversity of business and industries enhances resiliency, and also helps create income for the town or city. Prior to the Camp Fire, the Town of Paradise was in fiscal decline, which has created hurdles for rebuilding efforts. Moving forward, Paradise is working to design a more vibrant town that provides for its residents most basic needs as well as creating diverse livelihood and employment opportunities for the residents to enjoy. Building this type of economy will provide residents with head-of-household jobs to provide financial security for the individual as well.

physical resilience This form of resiliency focuses on designing a built environment that is defensible against disaster. In Paradise, this involves designing buildings composed of fire resistive or non-combustible materials. Other considerations include the local availability and embodied energy of materials. Paradise must also redesign its communications, water, and energy infrastructure to sustain its anticipated future population.To build a strong foundation for new residents and future generations, these new or renovated water and energy infrastructures should be regenerative.

resiliency The Ninth Ward, which was funded by the Make It Right Foundation was an example of architecture that failed to properly address the community it’s serving. These houses failed to account for the environment of New Orleans, they didn’t fit into the surrounding neighborhood, and were not built in a way to help prevent major damage to them if another Hurricane were to hit. However, Musician’s Village, was an example of a successful Post-Katrina development. This neighborhood stuck to the traditional style of architecture found in the area and kept the prices of these homes at an affordable rate so these families could move in and have property that they could accrue wealth with. While visiting Waggoner and Ball, they presented some of their projects in New Orleans and how these projects address the very prominent issue of flooding. Their projects also had a large focus on contributing to the beautification of the neighborhoods they were in, while still conforming to the culture of the areas they were in. These communities exemplified the importance of understanding the community itself, the needs of it and people who inhabit it. Without this understanding, the design of the project starts to become less about the residents, which results in a weaker project that seems out of place in the surrounding context. This understanding is fundamental to the design process and when it is analyzed meaningfully, it results in project that is both valued by the community and used by the community. It’s also important to take into consideration the risk that comes with building in a certain area and appropriately adapting the building to mitigate or prevent damage. Urban Build, which is program run through Tulane University, allows students to fully design and build houses in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods. These houses are then sold at market rate for the neighborhood which they are built in. The purpose of these projects is meant to help bring up the value of the surrounding neighborhood and to attract people into moving into them to help revitalize them culturally. Programs like this show the importance of not only designing a project that fits into the surrounding community, but one that actively contributes to the community culturally. It has to improve the community as a whole and help make it a desirable place to live in.

New Orleans, LA The town of Newbern and the Rural studio also provided some insight on how to properly design projects that still feel like a part of the communities they’re serving, while still remaining architecturally stimulating. All these projects achieved a balance between modernity and modesty, giving them a unique feeling of innovation and comfort. A lot of these projects used similar building materials found in other existing projects in the community but combined them with a more modern and contemporary take on architecture. The importance of finding a balance between this drive as an architect to create a visually and experientially stunning project and a project which appropriately addresses the needs and feeling of the surrounding town is tough. However, finding that middle ground is essential to successful project.

Newbern, AL

Atlanta, GA

In Atlanta, BNIM had a design charrette session that provided a lot of valuable information. While they echoed some of the lessons stated above, they also stressed the importance of having a project respond to its immediate surroundings. They emphasized using the building to frame certain views or to highlight important features of the site. They also focused a lot on how the facade of a building can really impact how people at the street level experience a building. Getting the opportunity to collaborate briefly with professional architects and pick apart successful and unsuccessful projects was an extremely helpful experience. These projects and people had a lot of valuable lessons that are essential to being able to design a project that appropriately responds to and addresses the people and community it is meant to serve.

ch4. community visions + goals Before establishing a set of goals and objectives, it was necessary to extend beyond tertiary resources to real and interpersonal interactions. The first three weeks of studio primarily concerned itself with research of the Town of Paradise and Butte County. The data was then compiled into a series of assessments that were displayed during the different outreach sessions with Chico and former Paradise residents. These reports included resiliency palettes, precedent studies, asset maps, and informational posters regarding Paradise’s demographics, climate, history, etc. The outreach was divided into many sessions that allowed diverse interaction with many audiences ranging from Chico State students and faculty, Paradise residents, and disaster recovery organizations. These sessions served more as forms of interactive listening meetings to gain feedback and develop a personal understanding of Paradise before proceeding with a recovery plan. In order to achieve this, different activities took place within the meetings such as interactive boards where attendees were able to mark the assessment reports that were presented, a “how might we” station where people could brainstorm and write their ideas on, and one on one interviews where Paradise residents could share their personal experiences as “Day in the Life” descriptions. There were many recurring topics discussed during these listening meetings. Coming from the faculty of Chico State, many addressed that Paradise was a “bedroom” community, a town many go to for retirement. Between the different audiences met with during these sessions, many agreed that Paradise needed improved fire safety and evacuation routes through an improved network of roads and communication between residents. However, many expressed Paradise’s strengths such as proximity to nature, it’s small town culture, the spirit of the people within the community, and access to healthcare. Finally, there was discussion about the future of Paradise to look to opportunities of an improved wastewater system, more businesses, a walkable downtown, a safer street network, and much more.

Photo By: Joe Johnston

how might we...? brainstorming visions + goals In the initial phase of re-imagining Paradise, gathering information and opinions beyond online resources took priority. The second week of studio - the week prior to the first trip to Paradise - concerned itself primarily with empathetic listening and preparing to better listen to the needs of Paradise residents without the hindrance of personal biases. In small groups, shared research from the prior week about the town became the topic of discussion. The in-class activity had a variety of researched information turn into educated assumptions about both the current state of the town and possible future needs of future residents which then became a set of concise insight statements that took a more specific stance on the themes discussed. Without providing direct solutions, these insight statement acted as the building blocks to propel the classâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s initial design efforts forward. Photo By: Alyson Liang

Photo By: Alyson Liang

For the next few class sessions, the studio walls were engulfed in multi-colored sticky notes and desks were covered in unused post-its with remnants of past iterative ideas. General themes gathered during the first activity session - such as transportation, sense of community, lifestyle, and city planning - written on large post-its were lined up along the top of each wall with enough room below to hold a plethora of sticky notes with ideas as to how to tend to these themes. During the final step of this activity, the insight statements and proposed ideas were rephrased as “How Might We” questions. In reframing ideas and challenges into questions, there becomes a more direct and creative way of seeking innovative solutions by breaking down problems into themes, focused issues, and commonalities. As this project tackles on a large issue, gaining insight through interpersonal activities with displaced residents of Paradise proved to be a crucial step in the class’s overall approach to re-imagining a more resilient urban forest. The third week of the double quarter welcomed the first class trip to Paradise and Chico where students were able to speak with college faculty, practicing engineers, and displaced former Paradise residents - both adults and the youth. Although the previous few weeks were dedicated to in-depth research about Paradise and it’s residents pre-and-post fire, speaking directly with people who experienced the fire and are still dealing with the loss, proved to contribute to and further develop the objective assessments that were initially brought along on the trip. The iterative processes that came with the in-class activity instilled confidence in the research and insight developed through research and class discussions that concerned themselves with sustainability, flexibility of spaces, an urban core, and walkability - amongst a multitude of other topics. While different groups in class focused their attention on varying topics, common themes found in each group’s brainstorming sessions made it evident that certain topics such as architectural resiliency, designing with understanding, re-urbanization, and

walkability were main areas of concern that would be tactfully addressed through project designs. In the case of pedestrian movement through the town, research shed light on the effects Paradise’s rural sprawl had on its residents. This previous research instilled unwavering confidence in the statement: make Paradise more walkable (through articulating more pedestrian friendly roads). However, with a lack of realization regarding how pedestrians could experience walking through the town with the sprawl on its existing topography, learning about the experiential quality of being a pedestrian in Paradise through former adult and high school residents shed light on how to re-approach this design question. The initial research phase posed the question: “How might we make Paradise more walkable?” With the knowledge generated through community outreach sessions conducted in Chico and Paradise, it became evident that walkability and the implementation of arbitrary pedestrian walkways are not exactly synonymous. Instead, walkability was articulated as an issue that could be addressed and mediated through re-evaluating, re-organizing, and re-establishing a more dense mixed-use downtown. Comments from adults and high school students alike articulated that distance between points of interest in the town made walking to-and-from work or school to a cafe difficult due to the the distance and slopes between the locations exceeding the range of pedestrian comfortability. While posing these “how might we” questions did not yield direct design solutions, they greatly contributed to the development of designs and ideas. These insightful conversations shared between the class and the community of Paradise allowed each student to step back from the objectivity of online research and facilitate their design conversations by integrating both objective assessments and gained personal insight to further develop projects with the well being of Paradise and its residents in mind.

Photo By: Joe Johnston

community visions + goals

Photo By: Joe Johnston

In the initial phase of re-imagining Paradise, gathering information and opinions beyond online resources took priority. The second week of studio - the week prior to the first trip to Paradise - concerned itself primarily with empathetic listening and preparing to better listen to the needs of Paradise residents without the hindrance of personal biases. In small groups, shared research from the prior week about the town became the topic of discussion. The in-class activity had a variety of researched information turn into educated assumptions about both the current state of the town and possible future needs of future residents which then became a set of concise insight statements that took a more specific stance on the themes discussed. Without providing direct solutions, these insight statement acted as the building blocks to propel the class’s initial design efforts forward. For the next few class sessions, the studio walls were engulfed in multi-colored sticky notes and desks were covered in unused post-its with remnants of past iterative ideas. General themes gathered during the first activity session - such as transportation, sense of community, lifestyle, and city planning - written on large post-its were lined up along the top of each wall with enough room below to hold a plethora of sticky notes with ideas as to how to tend to these themes. During the final step of this activity, the insight statements and proposed ideas were rephrased as “How Might We” questions. In reframing ideas and challenges into questions, there becomes a more direct and creative way of seeking innovative solutions by breaking down problems into themes, focused issues, and commonalities. As this project tackles on a large issue, gaining insight through interpersonal activities with displaced residents of Paradise proved to be a crucial step in the class’s overall approach to re-imagining a more resilient urban forest. The third week of the double quarter welcomed the first class trip to Paradise and Chico where students were able to speak with college faculty, practicing engineers, and displaced former Paradise residents - both adults and the youth. Although the previous few weeks were dedicated to in-depth research about Paradise and it’s residents pre-and-post fire, speaking directly with people who experienced the fire and are still dealing with the loss, proved to contribute to and further develop the objective assessments that were initially brought along on the trip.

creating a replicable model

Photo By: Joe Johnston

As seen through the California Climate Adaptation Strategy from 2009, climate change will continue to affect Northern California with lower precipitation levels and a dryer future, resulting in a greater risk for wildfires. By 2050, average temperatures will rise an additional 1.8-5.4 °F with inland areas, like Paradise, warmer than coastal regions. Climate change will be affecting the future of California for years to come, and with $2.5 trillion in real estate assets at risk due to extreme weather conditions, (including wildfires) the consequences are dire. In November of 2018, Paradise was the victim of these extreme weather conditions and it is only a matter of time until another town, like Colfax, Nevada City or Kings Beach becomes the next. These towns are small, like Paradise, and possess similar rugged terrains with tall trees and thick brush, in addition to little defensible space or green buffers between the towns’ and nature. These characteristics, combined with windy weather, could create a deadly combination for wildfires to strike. In order to prevent or reduce current risks for wildfires in Northern California, a replicable model should be created. A replicable model is a model that can be re-created or produced again, based on positive or successful results, and in regards to Paradise, should set the standard with how towns in California should respond to wildfires. These standards will include a detailed short term and long term recovery plan, as well as procedures for how local and state partnerships can aid in the rebuilding process. To be successful, this model should focus on recovery planning and affordable housing, physical, economic and social resilience, as well as an integration of architecture within the local community context. In terms of recovery planning and affordable housing, many lessons were learned while looking at the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans. Housing projects like the Ninth Ward failed by not addressing residents’ needs as well as creating a close community. On the other hand, projects like Musicians Village were focused on shared community spaces, units constructed specifically for the acoustical needs of musicians, as well amenities for practice spaces. These affordable houses also were close in proximity which created a density that influenced a tighter sense of community for nearby residents. Relating back to Paradise, although not all residents will be able to afford rebuilding or moving back after the fire, affordable housing projects focused on the specific needs of residents in mind will encourage people to move to Paradise and in turn, create a sense of community.

In addition, physical, economic and social resilience are key in creating a replicable model for towns like Paradise to overcome tragedies such as wildfires. In terms of physical resiliency, new construction projects should use fire-resilient materials, such as fiber cement or terra-cotta, and city officials should identify structures that are currently at risk. When Paradise burned down, the fire spread more rapidly from roof to roof than it did from vegetation or trees, demonstrating why fire resilient materials were needed. With social resilience, essentially a community that trusts each other and can provide support in times of crisis are more likely to recover. By finding ways to integrate current and new residents that have dealt with similar tragedies, community relationships will strengthen and result in trust. Lastly, creating a replicable model for towns recovering from wildfires involves contextual integration of site, place, and community identity. Observing the Rural Studio in Hale County, Alabama, it was evident that the students considered themselves residents of the town and the reason their projects integrated so well with the natural surroundings, from materiality to space use, was because the structures were designed for the specific needs of clients and used local and recycled materials. The Rural Studio gave a modern spin to southern architecture while respecting the local aesthetic, which enabled the countess structures they’ve built over the years to seamlessly fit within the town and rural fabric of Hale County. After the fire of Paradise it’s clear that a replicable model, composed of recovery planning and affordable housing, resiliency, and contextual site integration, is needed for towns like Paradise to thrive after a similar tragedy. This replicable model should be rooted in preserving a community identity while using modern technology and innovation to encourage sustainable practices that will better a given town or city. By creating a model like this, towns at risk may be able to prevent or diminish damages from wildfires and will stay protected for years to come.

ch5. constructing visions + goals

Photo By: Joe Johnston

FIR

LIC

ME D CA ICAL HO MPUS SPI TAL +

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YW AY

ality

mixed use

FIR

ructure

STR

EET HEA INN LTH A N OV ATI D ON

BUT CO TE EXT LLEGE EN SIO N

. DR

TRE

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BLA

OLI

space

STR

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m density residential

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BIR

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KIN

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SA F WE ETY A LLB N EIN D G

propesed downtown plan The New Proposed Paradise Plan aims to create a more easily navigable, fire responsive, and self-sustaining future for Paradise. The density of the town has been spread out radially from the central downtown villages (East Village and West Village), which are generally zoned as commercial-mixed use. Immediately adjacent to these villages are residential zones of medium density and then gradually changes to lower density the farther they sit from the downtown villages. The two main N-S roads are Skyway Road Clarke Road, and Pentz Road, which have been maintained as the main town entrances and exits. The main existing E-W roads, Wagstaff Road and Billie Road, have been maintained as the major E-W roads with the addition of Elliott Road which has been extended to meet and continue past Pentz Rd.

PAR REC ADIS CE E NTE R

The new town plan includes infrastructure placement that will promote a self-sustaining town. This means including facilities that make use of Paradiseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s natural resources to create more locally sourced water, energy, and building materials. A CLT (cross laminated timber) plant is included in the plan as well as a utility zone near the West Village which houses a water treatment facility for rainwater recycling, and an anaerobic digester for energy production. Specifically-proposed projects are located in the West Village, East Village, Skyway Road, and neighborhood centers near the West Village. Within these projects exist a total of 4 cultural centers, over 408,000 square feet of added community space, nearly 400 housing units, over 450,000 square feet of commercial space and a projected 750 plus jobs created.

LEA

ATO

RIU

proposed downtown renders

Rendering of Pedestrian Street Douglas Way

Rendering of Downtown Almond Street

street sections

almond street proposed street section

birch street proposed street section

skyway road proposed street section

infrastructure

community land-use The new town plan is organized into the following zones: Residential (of varying density), Commercial, Institutional, and Green Space. Much of the plan is labeled as medium density housing to accommodate the 15,000 dwelling units needed to house an expected population of approximately 30,000. Two commercial downtown villages (West Village and East Village) have been proposed to sit along Pearson Road, a secondary road running between Skyway and Clarke, two of the major thru N-S roads. These Villages would consist mostly of mixeduse zoning and become the retail hubs for the town, providing places for shopping and entertainment as well as living and working. This zoning also responds to the topography and location of dry brush. While the entirety of Paradise sits on a generally consistent 3% slope, the town is bordered with steeper, undevelopable topography. The steeper topography has been zoned as green space, with low density housing as the next closest zone, to allow for ease of evacuation.

Paradise before the campfire, was essentially comprised of two main roads and a series of winding cul de sacs that navigated through private residences. The new plan categorizes all roads as main, secondary and bike roads. To improve navigability, all cul de sacs have been reoriented into secondary roads (red) that run perpendicular to main roads (blue). These roads are organized to support multi-modal transportation including bus, bike and vehicular travel. Bike lanes run parallel to all main roads as well as some secondary roads running E-W near the proposed downtown villages. Three different types of roads are proposed for the new downtown: Main Street (located on Almond St), vehicular-accessible streets, and pedestrian-only streets. Main street and vehicular-accessible streets will include a bike lane each way as well as a vehicular lane each way. Main street will include the same, with the addition of a center left-turn lane. Many of the blocks in the existing downtown area are currently split by E-W running mid-block alleys accessible to vehicles. The current downtown plan employs one of these on each of the nine blocks and has reclaimed them as pedestrian-only mid-block alleys to further promote the walkability of the downtown. The proposed downtown was modeled to be self-sustaining and renewable in its energy, water consumption, and production. Two blocks below the Southwestern corner of the West Village lies the proposed Utility Zone, which houses a proposed water treatment facility and an anaerobic digester. The water treatment facility will take advantage of the abundance of rainfall in Paradise to collect rainwater and convert it to usable water for the entire town to use. The anaerobic digester will be used to create energy by processing waste that is delivered to the facility by truck, hence the close proximity to the town center.

transit he new plan proposes to expand the bus transit in Paradise with more routes and increased service. Aside from the expansion of existing routes, a new downtown-specific route will be added and will include multiple stops on Skyway adjacent to the West border of the West Village. No stops are planned to exist within either of the villages. This is intended to maximize the accessibility of the downtown to Paradise residents without congesting the inside of the downtown.

trails The Paradise Memorial Trail is the main existing trailhead in Paradise. This trail follows a historical railroad. In 2018, the Paradise Memorial trail was renamed to be the Yellowstone Kelly Heritage Trail to honor Luther Sage “Yellowstone” Kelly, a historic American hero that settled permanently in Paradise after the Philippine–American War. This trail becomes an important aspect to the Downtown Plan as it promotes walkability and bikeability for the residents. Two proposed projects in the new downtown plan, Paradise Recreation Center and the Commons (Center for Safety and Well-Being), utilize the trail as an important aspect to the design and program. In these projects, the Yellowstone Kelly Heritage Trail becomes integrated with the Recreation Center’s green roof while The Wellness Commons activates the trail with their programs and open accessibility to the Paradise Community Park.

walkability

To promote walkability, each block consists of one horizontal alley that becomes a pedestrian-only lane through the dense multi-use zoning. Within each pedestrian-only street, the zoning allows community and commercial mixed-use buildings to be in each block and allow a safer commute for pedestrians.

parks + greenways Many people are attracted to visit and move to Paradise due the close proximity to nature. Within the Downtown Plan, the existing Paradise Community Park becomes an important asset that activates the Paradise Memorial Trail by having it run through the park for the purpose of allowing community events and gatherings.

layout

streetscape + connections

One of the main goals with the West Village was to create a layout that would encourage walkability and allow for people of Paradise to be able to get to places in an affective manner by grouping the commercial mixed use by the downtown area and community parcels around it. It is ultimately designed to bring new main street [Almond Street] to Paradise. It will include retail, commercial office, and housing to increase walkability and vibrancy.

Heavy consideration of promoting a walkable environment with an emphasis of public transportation is included in the design of West Village. One of the goals of the downtown plan is to reduce the dependence on cars. In the street design, bike lanes and bus lanes are included in all streets, with widened sidewalks to encourage pedestrian walkability.

The West Village begins from Skyway Road to Black Olive Drive, and from First Street to Pearson Road. The lots above First Street is envisioned to become a medical campus. Community buildings and commercial mixed use buildings will weave through the entire West Village, with the existing Paradise Park as a green buffer to the residential area.

Prior to the Camp Fire, there were only 2 main roads, Skyway Road and Clark Road. The West Village is now designed for vertical navigation with Almond Street, Black Olive Drive and Foster Road and horizontally with Birch Street, Pearson Road, Cedar Street and Fir Street. Since these streets are within the part of town that would be the most dense in human traffic, pedestrian walkways are also designed across West Village between the roads that run horizontally to promote walkability around the town. Skyway will be widened to increase safety, public transit and safe bicycle circulation along this important thoroughfare. The newly built neighborhood will foster social, economic, and physical resiliency for the next generation of Paradise.

built to thrive

architectural character + masssing Within West Village, most commercial mixed use will vary between 2 to 3 stories while parcels with community associated buildings will be around 3 stories tall. The materials used within the town will most likely be GFRC (Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete) to create a town that fits the character of Paradise with a material that isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t too flashy in color, style, and in price. The benefits to using GFRC are that it has a huge variety in colors, styles, is of lower cost, and is fire resistant.

(Responding to climatic conditions, economic conditions, and resiliency) Acknowledging that Paradise is a smaller town, a more dense and suburban type of downtown would benefit the town when rebuilding and encourage economic and community growth; creating a downtown that would allow gatherings and the support of small and large businesses. In order to fulfill the requirement of architecture 2030, most of the community buildings implemented daylighting and natural ventilation strategies to minimize energy use throughout the building. With high precipitation levels, the new Paradise, is planned to utilize an anaerobic digester as one of the main energy providers. To revive and learn from the campfire, it is necessary for the town of Paradise to build resilience socially, economically, and physically. According to the downtown zoning concept plan, most buildings are mixed use, and therefore are expected to increase job opportunities for the people in Paradise. The medical village was placed in the north of the downtown area with the intention of boosting the emergency services of the town. In terms of resiliency, social, physical and emotional were the 3 aspects focused on in the hopes to better serve the future community of Paradise in a way that could help as a stepping stool to thrive. In understanding the economic pace of the town prior to the fire, creating new opportunities for businesses to be successful and for residents to be involved in would help with the overall economic status of the town. While preserving and acknowledging the nature and prior vegetation is a goal kept in mind while moving forward with the redesign process, being mindful of specific species that are fire resistant is also the other path we are focusing on allowing for physical resiliency. In regards to emotional resiliency, it is understandable that the campfire incident has caused a lot of trauma making it hard for some residents to feel safe or comfortable going back. The hope is that the redesigning process could give them the opportunity to work alongside the designers and be involved in the design process to create a town that could heal some of the scars of fear that prevents them from returning back to Paradise.

ch6. the built environement

project narrative

site plan

programmatic section

level 2 floor plan

level 3 floor plan

level 4 floor plan

physical model

●

Partner Schedule

FIR

Parcel 1 APN: 052-204-002 Site Address: 5704 BLACK OLIVE DR, PARADISE CA 95969 Approximate Acres: 0.06

Parcel 3 APN: 052-204-012 Site Address: No Address Available Approximate Acres: 1.17

MON

TUES

WED

THURS

FRI

BRAE 8-11am

BRAE 7-8am

BRAE 8-11am

BRAE 7-11am

STUDIO 12-5pm

TECH 1-2pm

STUDIO

TECH

STUDIO

TUES

WED

THURS

FRI

SAT

SUN

Meeting 6-7pm

REANN:

MON

DA R

ARCE 9-10am PAR CO AD MM ISE UN ITY PAR K

Parcel 2 APN: 052-204-001 Site Address: 5680 BLACK OLIVE DR, PARADISE CA 95969 Approximate Acres: 0.29

PA ME RA MO DI SE RI AL TR AI L

SK Y

W AY

MARGAUX

STUDIO 12-5pm CRP 6-8pm

ARCE 9-10am TECH 1-2pm

STUDIO 12-5pm CRP 6-8pm

SAT

ARCE 9-10am TECH 1-2pm

STUDIO 12-5pm

SUN FREE

WORK 2-10pm

FREE

WORK 2-10pm

FREE

MARGAUX ELLIOTT + REANN DELA CRUZ

How might we create a safe and resilient environment through pro-

moting multi-dimensional wellness?

A center that implement a sense of connectivity and hope through utilizing natural assets to enhance a balanced lifestyle. By incorporating visibility and transparency between interior and exterior occupants will be constantly reminded of the importance of community. In prioritizing the center’s connection to the environment, educational opportunities can foster a greater sense of wellbeing and safety.

| JOINT

VENTURE

Project Goals Fully developing transparency between interior and exterior spaces Prioritizing natural resources in design Creating a warm, inviting, and open space Inhabitable roof spaces More dynamic section - experience openness in section (transparency) Integrate building with topography General Goals Graphically tell a story / experience Represent the town of Paradise authentically Design something that has meaning/brings hope Design for the landscape / site Learn how to make faster but well thought out decisions Help each other learn strengths and weaknesses Design something that is well developed / well thought out Integrate multiple aspects of the site / needs of the community Work more efficiently Be happy/be proud of the work we produce Find life balance + get better at relieving stress Consistent Schedule to promote efficiency and productivity

partnership goals

SPACE NEEDS

NO.

SEATS

ASF per Space

Total ASF

SHARED RESOURCES

Notes

3560

Seeing space

Lobby

200

120

Restroom

400

Food Bank

800

Reception

200 gathering space/view exterior, view to park

light

south

views

garden view

north

600 entry way / info (urgent care area, education/EMT, wellness?), located in central gateway, 20x10 360 service desk area / check in area, 10x12 1600 male / female (per floor), 20x20, 25x16 800 place closer to more activity / closer to the demo kitchen, central bridge, 40x20, 25x32, 50x16

EDUCATION

12200

Demo Kitchen

2000

800

Classrooms

1200

Makerspace

1000

Seating Area

2000 maybe its on the upper level and it opens up to a roof deck200x10, 100x20, 25x80, 50x40 800 flex space / large tables, 40x20, 25x32, 50x16 7200 first aid, cpr, nutrition, emergency preparedness, technology, have an outdoor classroom open to the park? teach public about safety 50x24, 25x48, 40x30 3000 rental/community events, art therapy, 50x20, 25x40,

RETAIL

22400

Fitness Businesses

4000

Makerspace Rentals/businesses?

1000

Food

600

Spa

4000

Restroom

600

Daycare?

1000

Sauna

300

12000 soul cycle, yoga,zumba (dance studio), 50x80, 160x25, 100x40 3000 Art workshop/class (pottery + painting) + commercial leasing, thrift shop? site next door, tutoring 50x20, 25x40 600 juice bar, sandwich shop?, jamba juice=1200, add a restarant on the bottom floor / outdoor seating 50x12, 25x24, 40x15, 20x30 4000 each treatment room is 120sq ft, includes locker rooms, 50x80, 160x25, 100x40 1200 50x12, 25x24, 40x15, 20x30 1000 50x20, 25x40 600 mens+womans, 15x20, 25x12,

WELLNESS

6900

Physical Therapy Studio

1800

Nutrition Counseling

250

1800 open spaces for PT training, 60x30, 72x25, 50x36 1000 25x10,

Group Counseling

300

900 15x20

Individual Counseling

120

500

Counseling

Suicide Prevention + Training

1200 office integrated, 10x12 500 25x20

Peer Support

500

500 25x20

Yoga / Medidative space

500

1500 25x20

ADMINISTRATION

3900

Integrated research

500

500 25x20

Administration Offices

120

720 10x12

Small Offices

480 8x10

Small

150

Medium

250

500 25x10,

Large

500

1000 25x20 1000 25x20

Conference rooms

0 gathering / rental space / community meeting space, media briefing 300 20X15

Staff Spaces Lounge

500

Breakroom

300

600 15x20

EMT / FIREFIGHTER LEARNING

6200 training for fire+Emt, doctors on duty, summer training, Butte College living

Computer Training / Media Room

1000

Workrooms

300

1000 data center, 25x20 1200 study rooms for ongoing training, 15x20

Simulation Training Labs

500

2500 emergency training, vr, advanced technology, preventatitive modeling, 25x20

Research Lab

1200

Gear Rental

300

1200 50x24, 40x30, 25x48 300 15x20

LIVING QUARTERS

4000

Individual Rooms

150

1000

Communal Living Area

1800 space for EMT + Doctor, 10x15 1000 50x20, 25x40

Communal Kitchen, opens up on upper level maybe? 1 garden space atop 5 for growing 1200 vegetables

1200 50x24, 40x30, 25x48

URGENT CARE

2230

Reception

120

120 10X20

Seating Area / playspace

300

300 20X15

Offices

240 10X8

File Room

120

120 10X12

Restroom

100

200 10X10

Patient Rooms

250

1250 25X10

TOTAL ASF

61390

TOTAL GSF

102316.6667

Mechanical Systems

name

what

how it works

displacement ventilation

room air distribution strategy, air is supplied at a lower temperature in relation to the room air. The air is usually supplied at floor level, directly in the occupied zone, allows for flexibility in spaces

passive chilled beams

convention HVAC system heat/cool , pipes of water are passed through a beam integrated into suspended ceiling systems, chilled water passes through the beams Warm air from the space rises toward the ceiling, and the air surrounding the chilled beam is cooled, causing it to descend back toward the floor, creating convective air motion to cool the space

VRF Fan Coils Ventilation

Structure

natural ventilation + cooling

building oriented NE / wind comes from NE

stacked ventilation

large central atrium space

CLT

works well for wet weather since it rains a lot there?

Mass timber trusses concrete

Facade Materials

maybe the podium retail part, thermal mass?

initial program list

THE PROGRAM

LEVEL 1

residents families senior citizens visitors college students firefighters+EMT residents visitors

retail businesses

education

wellness

live + work + learn

individual counseling group counseling peer support suicide prevention training adminstration offices physical therapy nutrition counseling

simulation rooms bunks (10 individual) bathroom + locker room ( 2) administrative offices conference rooms dayroom workrooms demo kitchen safety course training classrooms media room restrooms makerspaces

makerspaces fitness retail spa restauraunt yoga

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

NE WIND

R FO ETA OD IL

RETAIL BUSINESS FITNESS LOBBY / LOUNGE TRAINING CLASSROOM

RETAIL BUSINESS

BLACK OLIVE DR

MEMORIAL TRAILW AY

FIR ST

TRAINING CLASSROOM

RETAIL BUSINESS

MAKERSPACE

SITE PLAN + LEVEL 1 PLAN

TRAINING CLASSROOM

RETAIL BUSINESS SPA UP

MAKERSPACE

RESTROOMS LOCKER ROOMS

PATIENT ROOM

URGENT CARE

FILE

PATIENT ROOM

OFFICE

RESTROOMS

REST ROOMS

CEDAR ST

1 Level 1 1/8" = 1'-0"

BLACK OLIVE

PARADISE COMMUNITY PARK

PARADIS Parcel 1 APN: 052-204-002 Site Address: 5704 BLACK OLIVE DR, PARADISE CA 95969 Approximate Acres: 0.06 Parcel 2 APN: 052-204-001 Site Address: 5680 BLACK OLIVE DR, PARADISE CA 95969 Approximate Acres: 0.29 Parcel 3 APN: 052-204-012 Site Address: No Address Available Approximate Acres: 1.17

NUTRITION COUNSELING

PEER SUICIDE COUNSELING PREVENTION

SIMULATION ROOM SIMULATION ROOM

GROUP COUNSELING

1 A1

DEMO KITCHEN

RESTROOMS

Level 3 1/8" = 1'-0" 1

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION LEVEL 2 PLAN

RESEARCH LABS INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING

PHYSICAL THERAPY

1/8” = 1’-0” Level 2 1/8" = 1'-0" 1

RO N EE GR

OF YOGA YOGA

S FI OF N MI

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

11 '-

FLOOR PLANS

GREEN ROOF

LEVEL 3 PLAN

1/8” = 1’-0”

M OO SR AS CL

RESTROOM

LIVING QUARTERS

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

STACK VENTILATION

SUMMER SUN 74°

WINTER SUN 27°

atrium individual counseling

admin

lobby

WATER PIPES

COOLING FAN HEATING COOILING COIL COIL

CHILLED BEAMS

ACTIVE BEAM

retail

yoga

group counseling

retail

locker room

WATER STORAGE

STORMWAMTER COLLECTION

office

patient care

FILTER

SUBSOIL DRAINS

TREATED WATER CHAMBER

FILTER

UNTREATED WATER CHAMBER

UNTREATED STORMWATER STORAGE

NATURAL VENTILATION

SOLAR PANELS

WEST ELEVATION + FACADE STUDY double pane low-e glazing howard university I hdr

wooden wall + built in planters kindergarten I lacaja arquitectos

flat roof fire station of tianfu new district I cswadi

terracotta south mounta brary I rich

a cladding ain community lihard + bauer

food growing planters

green roof

conceptual grocery interior render

INT YO (FA

NTERIOR RENDER: OGA STUDIO ACING GREEN ROOF)

INTERIOR RENDER: LOOKING INTO THE ATRIUM

INTERIOR RENDER: DEMONSTRATION KITCHEN

RADIATION ANALYSIS

NALYSIS

CH 307-05 I

EMT + Firefighter living quarters

ILLUMINANCE

SPRING 03.21

SUMMER 06.21

FALL 09.21

9 AM 150 fc

12 PM 150 fc

3 PM 150 fc

PUBLIC SAFETY + WELLNESS | STUDIO STACEY | MARGAUX ELLIOTT + REANN DELA CRUZ ILLUMINANCE MAPPING - COUNSELING/THERAPY ROOM

MARCH 21

JUNE 21

SEPTEMBER 21

9am - 150fc

12pm - 100fc

12pm - 150fc

3pm - 100fc

3pm - 150fc

final program narrative

program diagram

building physical resiliency

environment

location

construction

infrastructure

01 Proactive management of the environment 02 Distribute infrastructure amongst networks 03 Set aside resource reserves 04 Restore functionality of natural systems 05 Proper management of ecosystems 06 Value natural resources 07 Flexible stewardship of ecosystems 08 Connect citizens with the environment 09 Preserve present resources 10 Reduce exposure and fragility

01 Accessibility 02 Understand hazards and risks of site 03 Follow appropriate land use and zoning 04 Improve mobility 05 Improve communication network through city planning 06 Apply robust planning 07 Integrate planning with environment 08 Consider designing for the use of multiple transporation methods (biking, walking, public transport system) 09 Proximity of structures to vegetation, wildlife, and other structures 10 Consider proximity to local resources

01 Apply systems based approaches 02 Proactive management of infrastructure 03 Follow policies, regulations and codes 04 Appropriate fire protection 05 Accessibility to resources 06 Utilize passive design strategies 07 Improve protection against severe conditions 08 Integrate with surrounding environment 08 Consider effectiveness of material use within the specifics of the environment 10 Utilize planting of native vegetation

01 Proactive systems management and monitoring 02 Access to safe drinking water and food 03 Effective sanitation 04 Adequate affordable energy supply 05 Effective emergency response 06 Improve communication network 07 Diverse transportation networks 08 Flexibility amongst systems 09 Appropriate standards, codes, and enforcement 10 Apply innovative technology and approaches to design

(re)think: mobility

(re)connect: nature

(re)think: town living

ON DS T ALM

site plan + neighborhood plan

TO WN H

MEDIUM-DENSITY HOUSING

PAR AD IS

IAL

BIK ET

AR Y

LIB R

BLA CK OL IVE DR .

Urgent Care 2500 SF 20 occ

Restroom 100 SF

Reception + Records 400 SF

Breakroom 300 SF 5 occ

Restroom 100 SF Patient Room C 150 SF Nurses Station 150 SF Patient Room D 150 SF

Patient Room A 150 SF

Patient Room B 150 SF

Storage

Doctor's Office 150 SF

Break Room

Exercise Room Massage Room 200 SF 2 occ

PT Office 200 SF 2 occ

Teaching Kitchen 1200 SF 10 occ

Restroom 100 SF 2 occ

Nutrition Counseling 150 SF 3 occ

Lobby 800 SF 10 occ

Restroom 200 SF 3 occ

Lobby

Non Perishable Storage

Produce Fridge

Grocery Backstock 1700 SF

Arts + Crafts 1600 SF 24 occ

Dairy Cooler

Food Pantry 460 SF

Digital Fabrication 1600 SF 10 occ

Grocery Store 4671 SF

Ceramics 1600 SF 10 occ

level 1 floor plan

level 2 floor plan Group Counseling 550 SF 6 occ

Lounge (Study Area)

Counseling 180 SF 2 occ

Group Counseling 510 SF 6 occ

Counseling 180 SF 2 occ

Counseling 180 SF 2 occ Restroom 100 SF 2 occ

Restroom 100 SF 2 occ

Visual Simulation 1600 SF 8 occ

Gallery 500 SF 20 occ

Yoga Studio 600 SF 10 occ

Yoga Studio 700 SF 10 occ

Classroom 1400 SF 12 occ

Research Lab 1600 SF 10 occ

level 3 floor plan Large Cycling Studio 1120 sq ft 16 occ.

Small Cycling Studio 640 sq ft 12 occ.

Restroom 100 sq ft 2 occ.

Pilates Studio 800 sq ft 12 occ.

classroom interior

demo kitchen

food bank

exterior courtyard

packageless grocery store

terra cotta rainscreen

fiber cement panels

materiality

clt heavy timber structure

aluminum cool roof

green roof

south elevation

north elevation

east elevation

west elevation

ch7. the future If it’s not Paradise, it’s New Orleans. If it’s not New Orleans, it’s the Gulf of Texas. If it’s not the Gulf of Texas, it’s anywhere else in the world. There is no way to mitigate the amount of damage and destruction the people of Paradise have been through. There are countless examples of humans fighting against nature, but nature always wins. Through research, experimentation, and trips to Paradise along with similarly-affected cities, this studio has attempted to understand how to work with, instead of against nature, in order to build socially, physically, and economically resilient cities that can withstand natural disasters. In order to do this, it is inherent that future projects be strategic in how they are built, where they are built, and what they are built with. Moving forward, the hope is that this project can serve as a map for the future design of resilient towns. Paradise will receive research about similarly affected cities, custom weather data, downloads of town plans, street sections, building plans, building sections, elevations, physical models, revit models, and comprehensive projects that can serve the town during the rebuilding process as a whole. The hope is that the town can utilize this work to begin to rebuild in a constructive way. Because this is a systemic issue, the work can be utilized in many other contexts. There will be other fires and there will be other disasters. The projects and work can be applied to other settings to give those who have been affected a sense of hope in tough times.

Executive Summary Twenty-six thousand people were displaced due to the Camp Fire. One thousand families are still searching for housing six months after the fire. In order for these people to return home, Paradise needs to be rebuilt in a timely manner. A group of third-year architecture students from Cal Poly San Luis Obispo intends to bring inspiration for Paradise residents through designing sustainable, fire-resistant, community-oriented buildings. Based on research and multiple rounds of community meeting feedback, a new town concept plan, along with individual building designs, have been tailored to revitalize Paradise and to act as catalysts for further investment. Through mentoring and peer-review of designs from professional firms, the projects are able to be developed more fully to bring Paradise residents hope that there will be a home they can return to.

implementation begins Vacant Property Given the varied sources of funding for the rebuilding process, there is a likelihood that there were will be undeveloped parcels in previously complete neighborhoods. Care should be taken to ensure that density goals are achieved and not undermined as a part of the development process. A plan should be developed, through consultation with property owners to maintain these properties over the course of their evolution. To manage this issue there are some strategies to consider such as focusing on developing a core, park space and community gardens, and a land bank. Where possible, redevelopment efforts should be focused on the proposed downtown core and built concentrically outward. While individual property owners may want to rebuild on their existing property or may even desire to locate further from downtown, a general fund should be established to fiscally incentivize concentration near the town core. Kickstart funds could include CALReUSE and Proposition 1 (amongst others). Concentrated growth will help create a complete appearance in downtown before it gradually builds out. By focusing on the center and working outward, Paradise can rebound more quickly and be served more affordably by utilities and services.

As an interim use, once remediated, vacant lots should be considered as part of the larger open space network of the community. The Town may consider identifying strategic parcels as neighborhood serving pocket parks or community gardens. Thoughtful maintenance of these properties will turn potentially turn them into assets. It may be necessary for Paradise to land-bank vacant properties. By acquiring strategic properties, the town may be better able to control development and take on appropriate maintenance. In this way, the community can better control the rate and type of development in different parts of the town, expedite development of certain types in certain areas of the town, and partner with academic institutions or other non profits on development.

focusing on long-term economic viability Social, economic, and physical resilience is key to the rebuilding of Paradise. Following a way to spur social resilience, it is important to create economic resiliency. As part of the proposed future plan for Paradise, a medical campus is included. The hope is that it will provide countless job opportunities, basic access to healthcare, and education opportunities. The medical campus would create a flourishing and strong economy in Paradise, California. Lebanon, Oregon developed a similar community, based around health care. Following Lebanonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s example, Paradise can incorporate economic resiliency to strengthen the town as a whole.

developing the next recovery plan

strategic investments Prior to the fire, the town of Paradise lacked a developed wastewater treatment system and complete road network. In order to properly rebuild Paradise with a viable, walkable downtown, the implementation of well-built infrastructure must come first. In order to rebuild a town after such a devastating event, a sense of community needs to be re-established. The tight knit community in Paradise has is inspiring and is essential to itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s identity and success as a town. Members of Paradise engage in festivals together and celebrate the townâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s history, regardless of background or differing personal perspectives. During a design charrette in Atlanta, Georgia, Rohn Grotenhuis and Gretchen Holy from BNIM suggested that the first building type to invest in would be of the civic nature, like a school. A school that provides a place for community meetings will incentivize people to return to Paradise; as a flexible space, these schools can be easily converted to serve whatever programmatic needs of the community. After these two crucial investments, similar projects should then begin to be built around a centralized downtown. The downtown will include mixed-use housing, retail, public serving, and commercial mixed use projects, to create a diverse urban center. It will have a pedestrian path to encourage walking as the primary mode of travel instead of vehicles, and will be easy to navigate. As a strategic investment, the centralized downtown will support a flourishing community.

incentivizing building right A challenge of this project has been the inherent need and want from Paradise residents who just want to return home. In a project of this nature, it is important to attempt to understand the pain they are experiencing. Architects are meant to serve the community; and to do this, empathy is key. So while the desire to return and rebuild quickly in Paradise is understandable, this project wishes to display how re-building tactfully will lead to long-term success for the town. Since 1999, there have been 13 large wildfires within the footprint of the Camp Fireâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s footprint. A long history of wildfires necessitates the need for design that acknowledges that natural environment, not one that ignores it only to suffer the consequences later. Specifically, there is a need for better infrastructure to be put in place before any rebuilding can happen. Also choosing to build out of sustainable materials, that donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t fight with the fire (like cross-laminated timber), will create physically resilient buildings.In addition, prior to the fire, Paradise did not have a centralized downtown or walkability. The fire provides a unique opportunity to improve the lives of those who live there, and encourage a new generation to be involved in that community.

next steps While this studioâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s primary focus was on the architectural and urban planning needs of Paradise, other steps must be taken before new buildings within a centralized downtown can be developed. Investment in infrastructure is critical to the future success of Paradise. A new wastewater system, road network, and energy production will create a stable foundation for the town to rebuild upon. Providing water catchment systems for future builds, provides an alternative water source to back up the main water supply, and creates more sustainable and self sufficient projects. Backing this framework will ensure that Paradise can grow as a self sustaining town, that is resilient in the face of disaster and tragedy. Following this, and as Paradise looks to rebuild, a series of surveys must first take place. This surveying, can be done by students from Cal Poly, Chico State, Sacramento State, etc. Not only will students learn from hands on experience, but the survey will be of no cost to Paradise residents. Paired with surveying, brownfield sites should be identified, in order to receive state investment from the Cal Reuse funds. These funds will help to push forward the rebuilding of the town and construction of civic projects. Investment in key building typologies, like the high school, a medical campus, and a centralized downtown, will serve as catalysts for change and regrowth in the town of Paradise. For the medical campus specifically, bringing together key organizations like Butte Community College, WesternU Health Science, and Adventist Health Care, will help start the conversation about establishing such a campus.

Alongside this, the development of sustainable and affordable housing, will allow former residents to return home, and attract new members to move to Paradise. To help with rebuilding and designing, a staffed (likely by students) local office that provides free and low-cost design services can be set up. It should follow the successful examples of URBANBuild at Tulane University, and Rural Studio from Auburn University. The design office could also offer free on site building workshops for DIY builders. More research into and the execution of a fire resilient building palette, that provides material suggestions for future builds in Paradise, is likewise a potential next step. Easy access to this resource will encourage conscious and resilient rebuilding. With time and well thought out planning, new construction and urban planning that is focused on creating social, physical, and economic resiliency, will help to re-imagine a thriving Town of Paradise. And as Paradise rebuilds, it should serve as a model and learning opportunity for others, on successful disaster recovery and what steps can be taken now to create more resilient towns .

bibliography Rural Studio and the Architecture of Decency, Dean and Hursley, Introduction (1-13) Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction: McDonald, L. H. (2000). This Paradise we call home. Paradise, CA: Gold Nugget Museum. California, S. O. (n.d.). California Statewide Fire Map. Retrieved from http://cdfdata.fire.ca.gov/incidents/incidents_details_info?incident_id=2277 http://www.ontheridge.com/paradise.html http://www.usacitiesonline.com/cacountyparadise.htm#history https://www.townofparadise.com/index.php/visitors/ about-paradise Chapter 2: Community Overview History http://www.ontheridge.com/paradise.html http://www.usacitiesonline.com/cacountyparadise.htm#history https://www.townofparadise.com/index.php/visitors/ about-paradise Culture and Community Assets https://www.paradiseprpd.com/index.html https://www.townofparadise.com/index.php/9-uncategorised/93-gold-nugget-days http://www.paradisechamber.com/johnny-appleseed-days http://www.seecalifornia.com/festivals/paradise-johnny-appleseed-days.html http://chocolatefest.us/ Economics U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics **Census data is tagged to residential address, not a work address, some residents may live in Paradise and work somewhere else “Paradise, CA.” Data USA, 2019, datausa.io/profile/geo/paradise-ca/.

Prior and Anticipatory Demographics “Paradise, CA.” Data USA, 2019, datausa.io/profile/geo/paradise-ca/. UDA. “Paradise, California.” Paradise, California, 2019, makeitparadise.org/. U.S. Census Bureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics **Census data is tagged to residential address, not a work address, some residents may live in Paradise and work somewhere else Ecosystem Understanding Climate Consultant “Paradiso Series.” USDA, October 2006. Web. 16 May 2019. https://soilseries.sc.egov.usda.gov/OSD_Docs/P/PARADISO. html. “About Paradise.” Town Of Paradise. Web. 16 May 2019. https:// www.townofparadise.com/index.php/visitors/about-paradise. “Climate Paradise - California.” U.S. Climate Data. Web. 16 May 2019. https://www.usclimatedata.com/climate/paradise/ california/united-states/usca0836 “Butte Valley Wildlife Area.” California Department of Fish and Wildlife, 31 October 2018. Web. May 16. 2019. https://www. wildlife.ca.gov/Lands/Places-to-Visit/Butte-Valley-WA. California Native Plant Society. Web. 16 May 2019. loc-39.7596,-121.6219(Paradise, California). “Mountainside Settlements.” Architecture 2030 Palette. Web. 17 May 2019. http://2030palette.org/mountainside-settlements/ “Choosing the Right Plants for Northern Nevada’s High Fire Hazard Areas.” Living With Fire. Web. 17 May 2019. https:// www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/nr/2017/sp1701.pdf “Building.” Architecture 2030 Palette. Web. 17 May 2019. http://2030palette.org/building/ Chapter 3: Resiliency and Disaster Recovery Defining and Implementing Recovery Becker, Christine. “Disaster Recovery: A Local Government ResponsibilityChristine.” ICMA, ICMA, Mar. 2009, icma.org/ sites/default/files/4718_.pdf. “Community Recovery Plan.” Make It Paradise, UDA, 18 Apr.

2019, issuu.com/makeitparadise/docs/2350pres190418_final_ rev_. https://calfire-forestry.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/ index.html?id=5306cc8cf38c4252830a38d467d33728&extent =-13547810.5486%2C4824920.1673%2C-13518764.4778%2 C4841526.1117%2C102100 “Long-Term Community Recovery Planning Process: A Self Help Guide.” Fema.gov, FEMA, Dec. 2005, www.fema.gov/ media-library-data/20130726-1538-20490-8825/selfhelp.pdf. Vujanovic, Anka A, and Matthew W Gallagher. “Psychological Impact of Natural Disasters in Adults.” Psychological Impact of Natural Disasters in Adults - University of Houston, University of Houston College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, 12 Sept. 2017, www.uh.edu/class/news/archive/2017/august-september/natural-disasters-impact-adults/. Wildland Urban Interface http://www.fire.ca.gov/fire_prevention/fire_prevention_wildland_codes https://makeitparadise.org/brochure Defensible Space: https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/pds/fire_ resistant.html Fire Resistive HomesL http://www.energy-design-tools.aud. ucla.edu/FIRES.html Chapter 4: Vision and Goals Design Thinking: https://www.ted.com/talks/tim_brown_urges_ designers_to_think_big?language=en Chapter 5: Paradise (re) Imagined Happy City, Montgomery, The Mayor and the City as Happiness Project (1-43) Retrofitting Suburbia, Urban Design Solutions for Redesigning Suburbs, Dunham-Jones, Williamson, Chapter 4 (59-94) Suburban Remix, Creating the Next Generation of Urban Places, Beske and Dixon, Chapter 2 (33-81) The Image of the City, Lynch, Chapter 4 (91-117) The Rise of the Creative Class, Florida, (280-303)

The Walkable City, Speck, The Ten Steps of Walkability (65-72) Chapter 7: The Future California Recycle and Underutilized Sites (CALReUSE Program): https://www.treasurer.ca.gov/cpcfa/calreuse.as California Wildfires Statewide Recovery Recourses: http://wildfirerecovery.org/ California Action Plan for Disaster Recovery: http://www.hcd. ca.gov/community-development/disaster-recovery-programs/ cdbg-dr/docs/HCD-CDBG-DR-AP-01Nov18-Full-English.pdf Paradise Recovery Plan: https://makeitparadise.org/ Town of Paradise, Butte County Recovers: http://wildfirerecovery.org/

appendices

PROVIDENCE NEIGHBOURHOOD CENTER ELLIVO ARCHITECTS OPEN CORRIDOR

DUKE WELLNESS CENTER DUDA PAINE OPEN ATRIUM + EXPOSED TIMBER STRUCTURE

NADA: PACKAGELESS GROCERY

PROVIDENCE NEIGHBOURHOOD CENTER LANDSCAPE INTEGRATION + TRANSITION FROM PARK TO BUILDING

DUKE WELLNESS CENTER DUDA PAINE TRANSPARENCY TO EXTERIOR + SPACES FOR CONTEMPLATION

UO LEWIS INTEGRATIVE SCIENCE BUILDING VISUAL CONNECTION BETWEEN PROGRAMS

LAWRENCE PUBLIC LIBRARY GOULD EVANS TERRA COTTA CLADDING

DUKE WELLNESS CENTER DUDA PAINE SEPARATION OF PUBLIC + PRIVATE

EVELYN AND MO OSTIN MUSIC CENTER MATERIALITY + EXTERIOR GATHERING SPACE

precedent research

project 2: wall section

WELLNESS COMMONS A center for holistic wellness and public safety training and education PARADISE, CA PROJECT 2 ARCH 342 - STUDIO STACEY

CTI

CAT

ION

CLT STRUCTURE WITH CHILLED BEAMS

WOOD FLOOR

TERRACOTTA RAINSCREEN

WINDOW WALL

SITE PLAN

3D AXONOMETRIC (WEST FACADE) B

4” Asphalt Shingles Gravel Stop Gypsum Board Ceiling

Louver System Terracotta(Baguettes)

Solar PV Panels

Terracotta Rain Screen 24” CLT Beam Low-E Double Pane Glass HVAC Fans 6.25”x24” CLT Girder

6” Aluminum Mullions

3” Engineered Wood Finish Flooring 3” Radiant Cooling and Heating Air Gap 3” Cast in Concrete Slab CLT Beams

6”Aluminum Mullions Operable Windows 24” CLT Column

24” Concrete Foundation Slab 6” Concrete Slab

WEST FACADE WALL ELEVATION

WEST FACADE WALL SECTION