SHARING SPACE GRADUATE RESEARCH PRESENTATION KU CO-OP I FALL 2019
CONTENTS 01 THE CO-OP 02 THE PROBLEM 03 THE RESEARCH 04 THE CONCEPT 05 THE NEXT STEPS
THE CO-OP
the team
Anastasia Popova
Jon Lelek
Brad Kreuger
Botao Li
Gensler Chicago
Gensler Chicago
Gensler Los Angeles
Gensler Los Angeles
Rebecca Falk
Melissa Watson
Shane Kim
Gavin Goga
GastingerWalker& KC
GastingerWalker& KC
Gensler Detroit
Gensler Denver
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CO-OP
ku co-op 8 GRADUATE STUDENTS 16 PROFESSIONAL MENTORS 5 CITIES 80:20 WORK : RESEARCH DETROIT, MI
GENSLER CHICAGO
GENSLER LOS ANGELES
Max Cantu-Lima Patrick Griffin Gretchen Kelley Katie Smith Brianna Sorensen Anastasia Popova Jon Lelek
Jonalyn Abraham Kristin Byrd Richa Date Joel Spearman Brad Kreuger Botao Li
GENSLER DENVER
GASTINGER WALKER& KC
Sarah Marvez Rebekah Wagoner Gavin Goga
Bailey Barnhart Kylie Dixon Kevin Harden Melissa Watson Rebecca Falk
GENSLER DETROIT Ashley Claussen Lily Diego Shane Kim
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CO-OP
CHICAGO, IL DENVER, CO KANSAS CITY, MO LOS ANGELES, CA
THE PROBLEM
the prompt
OWNERSHIP “Going forward, what types of spaces are truly private, which are public, and what are the opportunities for overlap? How do you change spaces that were historically private and open them up for public use? How do you alter public spaces for people to feel ownership?� -Co-op Syllabus 2019
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
focus % of adults who have... Purchased used or second-hand goods online
“One of the areas [in the sharing economy] with the most potential is the residential market. Co-Living as a modern concept dates back nearly a century in the form of tenements, yet may also be related to much older forms of communal living such as the long house.� -Co-op Syllabus 2019
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
50 41 28
Purchased tickets from online reseller Purchased handmade or artisanal products online
22
Contributed to online fundraising project
22
Used ride-hailing apps Used Online Home Sharing Services
Ordered delivery of groceries online from local store
21 11 6 4
Hired someone online for errand/task
4
Rented clothing, other products for a short time online
2
PEW Research Center
problem statement
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
“
“
Future urban housing will be limited due to rising costs, population increase, and city growth. This influx, paired with behavioral shifts from technology, will result in unaffordable conditions & an unestablished sense of community.
increasing population
During the 2015-2050 period, half of the world’s population growth is expected to be concentrated in nine countries. -UN News 2017
India
Nigeria
Uganda
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
Tanzania
Ethiopia
Congo
Pakistan
United States
Indonesia
lack of housing
40% of the urban areas required by 2030 are not yet built—which means a city the size of New York needs to be constructed globally every month. now-2030
month 1
month 2
month 3
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
month 4
month 5
month 6
Architect by Hannah Wood
loneliness
Loneliness has an equivalent risk factor to health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, shortening one’s life by 8 years
Loneliness may affect up to 3 out of 4 Americans, with certain age groups especially at risk...
Late 20s 0
Mid 50s 50
Late 80s 100
“Loneliness can be a result of the built environment combined with technology and social media usage.” - Grace Kim
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
Cambridge Core, various authors, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610218002120
loneliness We are more divided than ever
1970
2015
1970
2009
Nearly 30% of Americans spend time with their neighbors
20% of Americans spend time with their neighbors, while 1/3 of people report no interaction with their neighbors at all
Only 15% of families live either in predominantly poor or affluent neighborhoods
Families living in those neighborhoods doubled to 33%
1950
2009
Just 2,500 private, in-ground swimming pools.
About 5.2 million private swimming pools in the U.S.
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
Joe Cortright, http://cityobservatory.org/less-in-common/
initial hypothesis
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE PROBLEM
“
“
Co-housing has the potential to solve the future housing crisis because of its social, sustainable, and affordable qualities that are made possible through different levels of sharing.
THE RESEARCH
research tools
Survey
Case Studies
To understand people’s priorities, perceptions & sharing limits
To learn from housing models that work in reality
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& |
Interviews To recognize aspects of co-housing people love
survey demographics
1.3% 60+
5.3%
50-59
8.2%
Stranger
13.2%
40-49
44.7%
17.4%
Other
3.8%
30-39
30.2%
7.9%
Family
19-29
24.3%
Friends
Family with Children
19.8%
Alone
30.2% Spouse/Partner
Age Group
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
Current Living Arrangement
survey results attractiveness
“ It’s a capitalist solution to the housing crisis. Instead of making affordable “
housing, they’re asking adults to live like college students
KU co-housing survey 2019
88.5%
Lack of Privacy
Lack of Privacy
88.5%
57.7%
Communal Duties
Communal Duties
Affordability
44.7%44.7%
57.7%
Social SocialConnections Connections
Obligation to Socialize Obligation to Socialize 41%
24.7% 24.7%
41%
Convenience Space NeedsNeeds Space
38.7% 38.7%
Eco-Friendliness
Eco-Friendliness
Time Commitment Time Commitment 14.8% 14.8%
Other
02
04
16.1%
9.5%
9.5%
5%
Other
Other 8.9%
Other 8.9%
0
16.1%
Convenience
5%
0
20
06
40
60
08
80
01
100
00
Least Attractive Qualities of Co-Housing
Least Attractive Qualities of Co-Housing KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
10
0
20
10
30
20
40
30
50
40
50
Most Attractive Qualities of Co-Housing
Most Attractive Qualities of Co-Housing
ARIA Cohousing:
case study 01:
Denver, CO
COMPARING MONTHLY COSTS: Case Study: 2 $2,125 Bed (875 sqf) 2 $2,500 Bed (1,200 sqf) Additional Monthly Fees Utilities + Furniture $190
LOCATION
CO-HOUSING AMENITIES
Denver, CO
2861 W. 52nd St. Chaffee Park
28 INDIVIDUAL UNITS
.4
1
5
2 Bed (1,200 sqf) $2,690
Community Kitchen
Avg. Apartment Nearby:
Community Room
2 $1,970 Bed (875 sqf) 2 $2,333 Bed (1,200 sqf)
Group Dining Room Distance From Building (miles)
TOTAL: Bed (875 sqf) $2,315 2
Library
Additional Monthly Fees
Community Gardens
Furniture ($3,000 over 2.5 yrs) $100 Utilities $75
Green Spaces
$50 Wifi
TOTAL: Bed (875 sqf) $2,195 2
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
2 Bed (1,200 sqf) $2,558
Treehouse:
case study 02:
Los Angeles, CA
COMPARING MONTHLY COSTS: Case Study: 1 $2,039 Bed (shared living) Studio (private kitchen) $2,789 Additional Monthly Fees Community Fee $210
LOCATION Los Angeles, CA 5841 Carlton Way, East Hollywood
CO-HOUSING AMENITIES
5 STORIES RESIDENTIAL
Dining hall
Avg. Apartment Nearby:
Resident cafe
1 $2,428 Bed Studio $2,210
Rooftop event space .3 .4
Distance From Building (miles)
6
1 TOTAL: Bed $2,249 Studio $2,999
Library
Additional Monthly Fees
Cleaning crew
Furniture ($3,000 over 2.5 yrs) $100 Utilities $60
Sunday dinner
$50 Wifi
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
TOTAL: Bed $2,638 1 Studio $2,420
Quarters:
case study 03:
Chicago, IL
COMPARING MONTHLY COSTS: Case Study: 1 $1,200 Bed (shared living) Studio (private kitchen) $2,009 Additional Monthly Fees None
LOCATION Chicago, IL
171 N Aberdeen St, Chicago, IL 60607
CO-HOUSING AMENITIES
11 STORIES RESIDENTIAL
Co-working Spaces
Avg. Apartment Nearby:
Fitness Center
1 $1,700 Bed Studio $1,600
Bike Room .2
.3
Distance From Building (miles)
2
1 TOTAL: Bed $1,200 Studio $2,009
Outdoor Cinema
Additional Monthly Fees
On-site utility manager
Furniture ($3,000 over 2.5 yrs) $100 Utilities $60
Fully Furnished
$50 Wifi
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
TOTAL: Bed $1,910 1 Studio $1,810
Quonset Huts:
case study 04:
Detroit, MI
COMPARING MONTHLY COSTS: Case Study: 1 $1,900 Bed Studio $1,500 Additional Monthly Fees Utilities $119
LOCATION
CO-HOUSING AMENITIES
Detroit, MI
8
4711 16th St. True North, Detroit
QUONSET HUTS
Community Wellness Center
Avg. Apartment Nearby:
Yoga Studio
1 $1,546 Bed Studio $916
Art Gallery .3
.6
Distance From Building (miles)
1.8
2
1 TOTAL: Bed $2,019 Studio $1,619
Gourmet Kitchen
Additional Monthly Fees
Central Courtyard
Furniture ($3,000 over 2.5 yrs) $100 Utilities $60
Event Space
$50 Wifi
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
TOTAL: Bed $1,756 1 Studio $1,126
Two Light:
case study 05:
Kansas City, MO
COMPARING MONTHLY COSTS: Case Study: 1 $1,682 Bed Studio $1,500 Additional Monthly Fees Utilities + Furniture $210
LOCATION
CO-HOUSING AMENITIES
Kansas City, MO 1444 Grand Blvd. Financial District
16
RESIDENTIAL FLOORS
Shared kitchen
Avg. Apartment Nearby:
Co-working environment
1 $1,170 Bed Studio $910
Club room .3 .4
Distance From Building (miles)
1
1 TOTAL: Bed $1,892 Studio $1,710
Rooftop event space Community events
Additional Monthly Fees Furniture ($3,000 over 2.5 yrs) $100 Utilities $100 Parking $125
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
TOTAL: Bed $1,495 1 Studio $1,235
case study comparison
ARIA Cohousing
Treehouse
Quarters
Quonset Huts
Two Light
Denver, CO
Los Angeles, CA
Chicago, IL
Detroit, MI
Kansas City, MO
+
+
Affordability
Social Opportunities
Sustainability
Convenience
+
+ +
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
+
+ +
Great
Good
Moderate
Needs Improvement
Interviews
Rich Minder, resident of Delaware St. Commons
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
“
“
We live in a cross section of society, a realized environment where we are fully integrated, adapt with new times, and remember traditional values.
“
The two main problems in co-housing today, in my opinion, are diversity and affordability. Karin Hoskins, Director, National Cohousing Association
“
Robert Piatek, resident of Mies Detroit
“
“
I would never fathom wanting to move away from this wonderful close-knit community that promote local culture and cross generational interactions
research outcomes
Survey • People don’t want to be forced to share • Affordability is the #1 priority • Co-housing has many negative perceptions
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& |
Case Studies • There are not many options available today that are affordable and diverse • Pushing away from dorm-like environments without sacrificing socializing is successful
Interviews • Social interaction is the most popular reason to choose co-housing • Supports the affordability concern
research conclusion
“
Although existing co-housing models today can solve many environmental and social connectivity issues, a new housing model that is more affordable, diverse, and attractive is needed to become the urban housing model of the future.
“
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE RESEARCH
THE CONCEPT
breaking the cycle
NEW TYPOLOGY
Privacy concerns is a barrier
Housing crisis+ Tech. isolation
Co-housing as a solution KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
guiding principles
Diversity
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
Dynamism
Wayfinding
guiding principles Spaces that foster interaction have these four characteristics
1 2
There has to be a reason for people to go there
These include... There has to be a reason for people to want to stay
• Plazas • Streets
3
People in the space have to feel safe and comfortable
4
It has to be welcoming and accessible to everyone
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
• Bridges • Markets
Phil Rabinowitz, Community Tool Box, Section 8. Creating Good Places for Interaction
guiding principles
Facing Units Contrasts traditional design Neighbor-to-Neighbor connection
SOCIAL DESIGN
The importance of choice Space that provides the option to be social and to share
Public Pathway Pedestrian connection Spontaneous interaction
Communal Space Gives people the ability to gather
Spatial Diversity
Socializing in groups reduces loneliness
Breaks away from traditional formats Units capture more natural light Unique layouts encourage new connection
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
The question is not “how do we get people to share more?” Rather, it is “how can design encourage the freedom to use architecture socially?”
guiding principles “Social media as a place� Exposure to a sharing shift that promotes community and trust
Encourage on-demand, neighbor-to-neighbor social interaction
Quickly share goods and services between those in your community
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
guiding principles
01
02
03
Mehr Als Wohnen
Coop at River Spreefeld
Tila Lofts
ZĂźrich, Switzerland
Berlin, Germany
Helsinki, Finland
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
guiding principles
• Fragmented floor plate
• Standardized building grid
• Unit variability
• Central community spaces with informal areas of interaction between units
• Flexible interior wall locations & catalog of construction elements
• Kit of parts enables users to customize their home according to space needs
Mehr Als Wohnen
Coop at River Spreefeld
Tila Lofts
Community
Modularity
Adaptability
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
guiding principles
SOLUTION 1: Convenience
SOLUTION 2: Social Opportunities
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
SOLUTION 3: Affordability
SOLUTION 4: Sustainability
transformative housing Within Spaces
Between Spaces
ABILITY
Across Spaces
MODULAR AFFORDABILITY
Avoids “clique” behavior and provides
Units inter-lock saving space and smaller building footprint
discretion and pportunities to
Courtyard offers potential for new int
Altered views provide new exposure and interactions to promote better un community
Units easily constructable and efficiently pre-fabricated
, multi-use paces
EVER-CHANGING COU
Stackable units provide insulative properties to one another
EXPANSION OPPORTUNITIES Ability to expand unit according to evolving space needs Modular additions aid in more efficient construction
Sustainability
Affordability
Social Opportunities
Convenience
FLEXIBLE GRID
Transformative Housing uses dynamic architecture to give people the choice to share, helping to ehance affordability, social opportunities, convenience, and sustainable life practices on three scales.
An “organized chaos”, combining the elements of a navigable grid system with dynamicism Functional, yet immune to stagnation
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
within spaces
?
?
SINGLES
SPACE ADJACENCIES / SIZING
UNIT NEEDS
ROOMMATES
SPACE ADJACENCIES / SIZING
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
?
UNIT NEEDS
FAMILIES
SPACE ADJACENCIES / SIZING
UNIT NEEDS
within spaces
UNIT ADAPTABILITY Versatile, multi-use interior spaces Sharing discretion and ample opportunities to socialize
EXPANSION OPPORTUNITIES Ability to expand unit according to evolving space needs Modular additions aid in more eďŹƒcient construction
Sustainability
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
Aordability
Social Opportunities
Convenience
between spaces MODULAR, PREFAB UNIT:
SOCIAL MARKETPLACE: Home as a pop up business.
Modular units are flexible and easily expandable
SOCIAL MARKETPLACE:
Prefrabrication saves on construction cost and time
Home as a pop up business.
Affordable Materials
“Log On” when you are ready to share/sell Flexible - open when people want to sell or buy Encourages interaction with people outside community
PRIVACY: Tenants can keep their unit closed to keep privacy Share only when you wish to
“Log On” when you are ready to share/sell
closed units
Flexible - open when people want to sell or buy Encourages interaction with people outside community
LIVING COURTYARD: Spontaneous sharing Dynamic shared spaces within the courtyard
PRIVACY:
Open your home to the community when you want
Tenants can keep their unit closed to keep privacy Share only when you wish to
Sustainability
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
Affordability
Social Opportunities
Convenience
+
social marketplace
+ +
living courtyard
social marketplace
across spaces
EVER-CHANGING COURTYARD Courtyard offers potential for new interactions each day EVER-CHANGING COURTYARD
MODULAR AFFORDABILITY
Altered views provide each new exposure to sights, sounds Courtyard offers potential forCOURTYARD new interactions day EVER-CHANGING
Units easily constructable and efficiently MODULAR AFFORDABILITY pre-fabricated
and interactions to promote better understanding of community
Courtyard offersprovide potential for exposure new interactions each day Altered views new to sights, sounds
AFFORDABILITY Units MODULAR easily constructable and efficiently pre-fabricated Units inter-lock saving space and smaller
and interactions to promote better understanding of
Altered views provide new exposure to sights, sounds community Avoids “clique” behaviorofand provides sense of oneness and interactions to promote better understanding community
Units easily constructable and efficiently building footprint pre-fabricated
Avoids “clique” behavior and provides sense of oneness
Units inter-lock saving space and smaller building footprint Units inter-lock saving space and smaller
Avoids “clique” behavior and provides sense of oneness
Stackable units provide insulative
building footprint properties to one another
Stackable units provide insulative properties to one another Stackable units provide insulative properties to one another
FLEXIBLEGRID GRID FLEXIBLE FLEXIBLE GRID
An “organized chaos”, combining the elements of a
Annavigable “organized combining the elements of a gridchaos”, system dynamicism An with “organized chaos”, combining the elements of a navigable grid system with dynamicism
navigable grid system with dynamicism
Functional, yet immune to stagnation
Functional, yet immune to stagnation
Functional, yet immune to stagnation
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE CONCEPT
Sustainability
Sustainability
Affordability
Social Opportunities
Affordability
Convenience
Social Opportunities
Sustainability
Convenience
Affordability
Social Opportunities
Convenience
+
community building
+
spontaneous interaction
THE NEXT STEPS
affordable strategies
Government Subsidies
Prefabrication & Modularity
Space layout - public versus private
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE NEXT STEPS
sustainable strategies
Materiality
Live goods quantity reduction
New Construction Methods
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE NEXT STEPS
social strategies
Proximity to Public Transportation + City Centers
Proximity to schools/work
Commercial land use
KU Co-op 2019 | University of Kansas + Gensler + GastingerWalker& | THE NEXT STEPS
Q+A