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The Fair Housing Act is a portion of legislation that was passed in the United States in 1968, based on the former Civil Rights Act of 1964. It was the main part of the Civil Rights Act of 1968. This legislation was structured to explain in certain terms the kinds of housing prejudices that are illegal and to set out transparent penalties for violations of this act. Since 1968, it has been updated several times to protect more groups under the law. The fair housing act evolved from a political movement to eliminate discrimination in the purchase or rental or homes and other housing-related transactions like mortgage lending, advertising, zoning and homeowner's insurance. The Fair Housing Law of 1968 protects home seekers from the landlord or sellers discrimination. It forbids discrimination based on color, race, religion, sex, familial status, disability and national origin. The coverage of the Fair Housing Act includes private housing and housing with Federal financial assistance, and Local and State government housing. It is considered unlawful to discriminate any facet of renting or selling housing to deny a buyer or renter due to disability of the person and other reasons. This act requires owners of home facilities to make rational exceptions in their operations and policies to allow disabled persons equal home opportunities. When it comes to the Rental of Sale of Housing, the Act orders that nobody can take actions or refuse to rent or sell housing, deny housing availability or deny access to facility or membership to people based on color, race, religion, sex and disability. In mortgage lending, the Fair Housing Act clearly states that no one could refuse a mortgage loan or provide loan information, impose different conditions such as fees and interest rates, discriminate in appraisal of property to a person based again on race, religion, sex and disability. Furthermore, it is also illegal for anyone to coerce, threaten, interfere or intimidate anyone who exercises a fair housing right or helping others to exercise that right. It also prohibits making advertising or making statements that denote a preference on color, race, origin, sex, religion or disability. This applies to single-family and owner-occupied homes otherwise discharged from the Fair Housing Act. If someone has a mental or physical disability such as hearing, visual and mobility impairments, chronic mental illness, chronic alcoholism, mental retardation and AIDS related concerns, the landlord may not refuse to allow reasonable changes in the dwelling or common rooms to make it a more liveable area for the disabled person. A landlord is also not allowed to refuse disabled persons reasonable accommodations in policies,
rules, services or practices if it is necessary for the person to use the house. Nevertheless, housing should not be made available to a person who poses direct threat to the safety of others, such as a person or persons using illegal drugs. Should anyone file a complaint against someone, or a landlord for that matter, the HUD or Housing and Urban Development should find just cause to believe that discrimination occurs, and will inform the person. The case will then be heard in an administrative hearing in 120 days time unless the respondent chooses the case to be heard in the Federal District court. Whichever, there are no expenses on the part of the complainant or the person who suffers from discrimination.
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