海洋聚礁2012年春季創刊號(繁體版)

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2012 ফ ஐ ఛ ൉ ໷ ẖ Copyright© 2012 Reef Hobbyist Magazine. All rights reserved.

ᡆ ࣕ 伲 佀 ሬ ⸩ 㣧 ҁ 䚉

-867,1 &5('$%(/ *5$%(/ ᱥ ⎭ ⍁ ⭕ ⢟ ⮂ Ⲻ ཝ Ӱ ⢟ θ ੂ ᱸ 䯉 Ԍ ҕ ᱥ (;27,& 5(() ,032576 Ⲻ ⎭ ⍁ ⭕ ⢟ ѱ ㇗ Ⱦ Ԍ ᴿ ᔙ ⌑ Ⲻ *21,2325$ ሬ ⸩ 㣧 Ӱ ᐛ 㑷 ⇌ ㏉ 傍 θԌ 䚮 Ҽ *21,2325$ つ 五 ѣ ‫ ޟ‬つ 䔹 ᇯ ᱉ 伲 佀 Ⲻ ૷ つ ֒ ԁ ㍯ θ ќ ᮏ ֖ ྸ ֋ ॶ ࠼ ⢖ ‫ ه‬Ⱦ

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ઔ ં ഝ t ਲ ஞ ᶍ ᆁ ൉ ໷ ẖ ਫ ૄ ল ග ‫ ؜‬ম ໷ ನ ঳ ম ඊ ા ි ঱ ఛ ໷‫؜‬ 㨎 ઍ ช ਰ ਲ ਷ ຂ ఺ ᒹ ᔁ ੿ ನ ਌ ਻‫؜‬ಱ ৡ ನ প ੇ ឹ ᕱ ૚ ர ৱ 㦤‫؜‬ൌ ஦ প ੇ ચ ከ ৡ ੍ ੅ 岞 t ೑ ᖋ ৓ ℕ ๟ L3DG DSS ਠ ឲ ః ৃ‫ ؜‬඿ ง $SSOH $SS 6WRUH ඊ ા ৣ ൗ 岞 L3KRQH ග ম ื ඿ ᝥ ః ৃ ‫ ؜‬ร ட ೏ ਔ 岞

૷ つ 㚐 ❜ SCOLYMIA AUSTRALIS (⭒ ാ)

-()) /(81* ൞ ⨀ ⪐ ⮂ ᐨ ㏉ ᴿ 䎻 䚄 ӊ ᒪ Ⲻ ㏉ 傍 θ 㙂 ъ Ԍ 䚺 ൞ 㗄 ു ९ 㥨 ๗ Ⲻ $48$ :25/' 3(7 683(5 &(17(5 ѣ 䋖 䋢 䎻 䚄 ‫ ف‬ኋ ⽰ 㕮 Ⲻ ㏣ 䆭 ᐛ ֒ Ⱦ ⭒ ാ ሜ ൞ ᱥ 䘇 ᒪ ּ ᴶ 䋪 ‫ ৾ ܯ‬ᴶ ⟧ 䮶 Ⲻ ⨀ ⪐ ҁ ж θռ ঱ ᱥ ⢟ ᴿ ᡶ ‫ ٲ‬Ⱦ -()) ሽ ᴹ 㠽 ཝ ᇬ ࠼ ӡ ж ӑ ᴴ ㏉ ൞ Ԍ Ⲻ ᓍ 㡌 ѣ ࠰ ୤ Ⲻ 〶 ᴿ ⭒ ാ ⴮ ⡽ ਀ 䋽 ᯏ θ 䚺 ᴹ ᮏ ᦾ ཝ ᇬ ж ӑ ะ ᵢ Ⲻ 伲 佀 ᯯ ⌋ Ⱦ

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␧ ‫ ޛ‬Ҽ 䀙 ࣖ ई ∊ ⾔ ԏ 冐 3$57 ,

0$77+(: 3('(56(1 ᱥ ᒪ 0$61$ $48$5,67 2) 7+( <($5 Ⲻ ᗍ ѱ θ Ԍ ҕ ᱥ 㗄 ു ެ ѣ ж փ 㪍 ੃ Ⲻ 冐 五 ሾ ᇬ Ⱦ ᵢ ᮽ ㄖ Ⲻ ㅢ ж 䜞 Գθ0$77+(: ሽ ᴹ 䠃 ᯦ ࠼ ᷆ +2/$&$17+86 Ⲻ ࣖ ई ∊ ⾔ ԏ 冐 θ ќ ъ 䠃 ᯦ 䁄 䄌 ൞ ੂ ж ‫ ≪ ف‬ᰅ ㇧ ѣ 伲 佀 ཐ ồ ੂ 五 Ⲻ ⾔ ԏ 冐 䙏 ‫ ف‬㘷 அ 亂 Ⱦ

20 ሷ 䶘 ᭻ Ӂ ּ 㠠 ◩ ⍨ 㾵 䜞 Ⲻ 〶 ᴿ ⨀ ⪐ -$.( $'$06 ᱥ ж փ ሾ ᾣ Ⲻ ≪ ᰅ ᇬ ҕ ᱥ 5(()%8,/'(56 &20 Ⲻ 㐞 䕥θԌ 㠠 で ᱥ ж փ ɇ 〶 ᴿ ૷ つɈ Ⲻ ᭬ 䳼 㘻 Ⱦ ּ 㠠 ◩ ⍨ 㾵 䜞 Ⲻ ж ӑ ᯦ ૷ つ ⨀ ⪐ ৾ ߃ ⅗ 䀮 ऋ Ҽ Ԍ

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‫ ٽ‬冐 ᡇ ᱥ ϋ3$57 ,, ≪ ᰅ ㇧ Ⲻ ሬ ⸩ 冐

+(15< 6&+8/7= ᱥ ж փ ᫷ ᴿ 䎻 䚄 ᒪ ㏉ 傍 Ⲻ ⎭ ⍁ ≪ ᰅ ᇬ θ Ԍ ᱥ 5(() &(175$/ ૂ &(175$/ ,//,12,6 0$5,1( $48$5,676 Ⲻ ਾ 䗜 Ӱ ҁ ж Ⱦ ᵢ ᮽ ㎆ ਾ Ҽ Ԍ ቃ ሬ ⸩ 冐 Ⲻ 䃃 䆎 +(15< Ԁ ᵕ 䳼 ѣ 䅑 䘦 п つ ሬ ⸩ 冐 θ 䂩 䘦 ެ 伲 佀 Ⲻ ↙ ⻰ ᯯ ⌋ 䚺 䱺 р ж Գ ਺ 冐 五 ޲ ᇯ ᙝ Ⲻ ൌ 㺞 θռ ≸ ֖ 㜳 ᇂ ‫ ᧂ ޞ‬ᨗ 伲 佀 ሬ ⸩ 冐 Ⲻ 㾷 唔 έ

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6HDUFK IRU ਲ ஞ ᶍ ᆁ

൞ 㗄 ു ᗍ ẻ ഖ 㺙 䱵 㨥 ѣ ཤ ཝ ᆮ Ⲻ ≪ ᰅ ṗ ൈ

0$'(/(,1( .,1* ᱥ ж ੃ ↨ Ⲻ 儎 ѣ ⭕ θ Ԍ ൞ ᗍ ẻ ഖ 㺙 䱵 㨥 ѣ ཤ ཝ ᆮ ቧ 䆶 ⎭ ⍁ ⭕ ⢟ ᆮ ૂ ≪ ᰅ 〇 ᆮ ᐨ ㏉ ‫ ޟ‬ᒪ θ ⨴ ൞ ↙ ⑪ ᵑ 㜳 ൞ ≪ ᰅ ⮂ ᢴ ࡦ ж ‫ ف‬ቧ ᾣ Ⲻ ₕ ᴹ Ⱦ ᵢ ᮽ ѣ 0$'(/(,1( ᴹ ⛰ ᡇ ‫ ه‬ԁ ㍯ 䙏 ‫ ཽ ف‬࿏ Ⲻ ≪ ᰅ ṗ ൈ 䀾 ࢹ θ 䙏 ᡶ փ ᯲ ‫ ޝ‬䲮 Ⲻ ཝ ᆮ θ ガ ㄕ ᱥ ྸ ֋ 䇉 ∅ ж փ ᆮ ⭕ ᑬ ּ 㿠 䓡 Ⲻ ⎭ ⍁ ⭕ ⢟ ᆮ ਀ ≪ ᰅ 〇 ᆮ Ⲻ 儊 傍 ઘ ϋ

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CORAL

ᝢ લ ୨ ᡆ ࣕ 伲 佀 ҁ 䚉 Justin Credabel

Image by Greg Rothschild

ᵢᮽㄖሽᴹ䳼ѣԁ㍯*RQLRSRUDつ五ѣ‫ޟ‬つ䔹ᇯ᱉伲佀Ⲻ૷つ Ă *RQLRSRUD VWXWFKEXU\L਀*RQLRSRUD SODQXODWDέ⢖‫ه‬

ੂ⁙ᱥ‫ޞ‬㌻㢨Ⲻ૷つθᑮ㻡伲佀᯲≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬Ⱦ*RQLRSRUDᱥኢ/36δཝ㶻㚿⸩⨀⪐εⲺжつθ*RQLRSRUD SODQXODWD䚟ਾ伲佀᯲ж 㡢/36Ⲻ≪ᰅ㇧ѣ⭕䮭φ亅㢨凤㢭θ㶻㚿儊ゃཝθ䴶㾷ᴿѣᓜⲺ➝᱄ૂ≪⍷਀㚿五Ⲻ伕⢟ᨆ‫ב‬Ⱦ ⴮∊ҁсθ*RQLRSRUD VWXWFKEXU\Lќуᱥж㡢Ⲻ/36θྸ᷒⢖у㇍⛰/36θᗔެཌ㿶ૂ≪䌠㾷≸ּⵁⲺ䂧θ* VWXWFKEXU\L៿ ኢ᯲ޮශⲺ636δቅ㶻㚿⸩⨀⪐εθ⢖Ⲻቅ㶻㚿ᱥ䴶㾷ᕭ‫ૂݿ‬ཝ≪⍷ᢃ㜳⭕䮭θ䙏ӑ㾷≸㠽⢖ੂኢ㺞‫ݺ‬ᕕⲺ3RULWHVᱥᾫ⛰⴮ղ ⲺȾ *RQLRSRUD VWXWFKEXU\L㏉ᑮ㻡䃃⛰ᱥ*RQLRSRUDѣ伲佀䴙ᓜᴶ儎Ⲻж‫૷ف‬つθ䰒᯲䙏唔൞ᡇ㠽⢖‫᧛ه‬䀮ᗂθᡇҕᴿᡶ䃃ੂȾ䙏 つ⨀⪐ж㡢ᴹ⭕䮭ᡆ㮺ⳤ⇲⣶ᡌ຀⣶Ⲻθ⢖ҕᱥᴶᑮ䙨ਙⲺ㌻㢨*RQLRSRUD૷つȾ䙏‫૷ف‬つⲺཟ❬亅㢨ᴿṍ㢨ૂ㌻㢨χ‫ڬ‬⡴ᴿӑ ㏖㢨Ⲻθᴶ਍↗䘄Ⲻᱥ䴑㨀㢨Ⲻ૷つδ凤㌻㢨䀮ᢁ䞃ਾ哹㢨Ⲻⴚਙεθᴿӑ䴑㨀㢨Ⲻ*RQLRSRUD VWXWFKEXU\L⭐㠩㺞⨴࠰ᖟ㲯Ⲻ 㢨ᖟθ䙏ᑮ㿁᯲ཋ䲳ૂᖟ㲯㢨Ⲻ0RQWLSRUD਀$FDQWKDVWUHD૷つθ൞ެ㗚儊䛀㐙θ㶻㚿ᡌⴚਙᴹ࠰⨴⭧ѣཤ哹㢨╮䇀ࡦ⭕䮭䛀 㐙Ⲻ㏖㢨 Ⱦ *RQLRSRUD VWXWFKEXU\LⲺ㶻㚿ᱥੂつ五ѣᴶቅⲺθḆӑ૷つ⭐㠩ᖾᇯ᱉㠽3RULWHV␭⏼Ⱦ❗䄌ᱥ3RULWHV ᡌ㘻ᱥ*RQLRSRUDθ ㍦ᮮ∅‫ف‬㶻㚿Ⲻ䀮ᢁᱥᆿ‫࡚Ⲻޞ‬ᯭᯯ⌋Ⱦ൞䔹ཝ㶻㚿⨀⪐㗚㍺ѣθ⢯࡛ᱥ‫ *܅‬SDQGRUDHQVLVⲺ࠼᭥૷つθ㍦ᮮ㶻㚿Ⲻ䀮ᢁ㜳 ᴿ᭾൦ᒡ֖ࣟৱ࠼䗞$OYHRSRUDૂ*RQLRSRUDȾ

* SODQXODWD

6

* VWXWFKEXU\L

⺢⇲㺞䶘ᖘⲺ* VWXWFKEXU\L

3RULWHVૂ$OYHRSRUD∅‫ف‬㶻㚿ᴿ ồ䀮ᢁθ㙂*RQLRSRUD∅‫ف‬㶻㚿 ᴿ ồ䀮ᢁθཝཐᮮ⨀⪐㗚㍺ҕਥԛ⭞䙏ᯯ⌋ৱ࠼䗞ⲺȾռᡇᴴ 䙽рᴿᒴ‫૷ف‬つⲺ3RULWHVᱥᴿ儊ゃᖾཝⲺ㶻㚿θӜ䙽䚄жӑ᫷ᴿ 䶔ᑮ㍦ቅ㶻㚿Ⲻ*RQLRSRUD VWXWFKEXU\Lθቚެᱥᾫᗤቅ䱺⭕൞ެ Ԍ⨀⪐рⲺቧᴪ䴙࠼䗞ҼȾ

ቅюᖘⲺ* VWXWFKEXU\L

֖៿䂨⸛䚉θ⨀⪐൞࢑䌲䋭ഔᇬᱸθ㶻㚿Ⲻᔬծᖶᖶᱥ∊䔹⸣Ⲻθ ਀㠩ж‫ޟ‬᱕ᵕᗂθ⮬⢖‫ه‬൞䚟⮬ⲺồԬсゟᇐсּθ㶻㚿ᢃមម 䯁ခᬪᔬ㠩ެ↙ᑮⲺ䮭ᓜȾ⮬❬ᐨ㏉㘈យҼ൞Ӱᐛ伲佀Ⲻ⫦ູс ⭕䮭Ⲻ⨀⪐θެᗟ৕䙕ᓜᴹᴪᘡȾ ᴿӑ㶻㚿ਥԛᔬ㠩 㤧ሮԛрθ⢯࡛ᱥ൞ᖾཝⲺ≪⍷сȾжӑ㗚儊 ᴹ᭴࠰৾䮭৾㝯Ⲻ䀮児θ⮬ѣᱥᑬᴿࢂ㍦㜔Ⲻθ䙏ӑ䀮児ਥԛ᭱ ᬀެԌ൞䙧䚣Ⲻ⨀⪐Ⱦ⢯࡛ᱥ*RQLRSRUD SODQXODWDૂ䁧ཐެԌ Ⲻ*RQLRSRUDθ⢖‫ه‬ᴹ൞⸣ᱸ䯉‫ޝ‬䚣਍೪䠃Ⲻ⹪༔θᴶ᱄亥ᱥ㰃㢨 ૂ㍡㢨Ⲻ૷つⲺ*RQLRSRUD WHQXLGHQVȾ

ᖟ㲯㢨ᖟཌ⫦ Ⲻ * VWXWFKEXU\L

CORAL

7

㜳བᡆࣕ伲佀636Ⲻθж㡢ҕ㜳䕋᱉൦伲佀

* VWXWFKEXU\Lθ⢖‫ه‬у‫ެ܅‬ԌⲺ*RQLRSRUDχഖ⛰⢖‫ه‬ᱥਥԛ ൞❗佫伲Ⲻ⫦ູс⭕䮭Ⲻθᒴ‫ف‬ᴾᗂθ֖ᴹⲲ⨴ᗔ∃㿠໔䮭Ⲻ 䜞Գਥშ㗄0RQWLSRUDⲺ૷つθ⢖‫Ⲻه‬㠠❬⭕䮭ᯯᕅᱥԛऻ㬁 ᖘᕅּᖘᡆ⺢ኚⲺཌ⇲θᡶԛਥᘡ䙕൦⭕䮭൞᯦ะ⢟рθᖾᇯ ᱉ቧ㜳䇉伲佀㘻ⵁࡦެᡆࣕ伲佀Ⲻᡆ᷒Ⱦ *RQLRSRUD SODQXODWD ሬ⸩㣧 ᱥж‫∊ف‬䔹⍷㺂Ⲻ/36૷つθ ⢖‫ه‬䛙ᐞཝⲺ㶻㚿੮ᕋ㪍ᖾཐӰৱ伲佀Ⱦ⢖‫Ⲻه‬亅㢨ᗔṍ㢨ࡦ 凤㌻㢨θᑮᑬᴿ㰃㢨ᡌ㍡㢨ⲺⴚਙȾ൞ᐸ䶘р࠰୤Ⲻཌᖘཐᱥ ޮශⲺ㣧⳼⣶θу‫ *܅‬VWRNHVLⲺу㿅ࡽᖘ⣶θᡶᴿ* SODQX * SODQXODWD ⻄⡽ ODWDᱥּ㠠ཟ❬Ⲻ⨀⪐⼷ѣθ㙂уᱥ൞⌛ൕᡌ⋏䶘рȾྸ᷒㜳 䌲䋭‫ڛ‬ᓭⲺ* SODQXODWDθ⢖‫ه‬ᱥਥԛԛᖾᘡⲺ䙕ᓜᚘᗟ⣶ ൞䚄ৱ㻡䃃⛰ࡍ⛰ɇ࡛⻦ɈⲺ⨀⪐θ⨴൞⢖ᐨࣖ‫ޛ‬ɇਥԛᡆ ខθќᴿ傐ӰⲺ⭕䮭䙕ᓜȾ ࣕ伲佀ɈⲺ㺂ࡍȾ ռ֖៿䂨Ԋ㍦൦⃘ḛ䙏ӑ䠄⭕Ⲻ૷つθഖ⛰⢖‫ه‬ᖶᖶ൞㻡᧗ ᦋૂ䚁䕮Ⲻ䚄ぁѣ䚣਍༉࣑θ䙏つ༉࣑䴶㾷൞㏉䚄Ӱᐛ伲佀 ਠ㾷֖䃃ⵕ൦➝ᯏθ൞㕮ѣቁᢴ䚟ਾⲺփ㖤㎜⢖θ֖ҕਥԛ ᗂᢃᴹមម䲃քⲺθഖ⢖‫ه‬ᐨ㏉䚟៿Ҽ≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺ⫦ູȾ֖ਥ ᡆࣕ伲佀䙏つ㗄响Ⲻ⨀⪐Ⱦ ԛ൞冐ᓍᢴࡦ䁧ཐ*RQLRSRUD૷つθռ*RQLRSRUDᐨу߃ᱥ

8

* SODQXODWD ᔬծⲺ㶻㚿

伲佀䋲༡φ֒㘻ᨆ‫⌞Ⲻב‬ᝅӁ主 ൞-XVWLQⲺᮽㄖѣᨆࡦθּ㠠уੂⲺ൦ตθуੂ૷つⲺ *RQLRSRUDθ⢖‫ه‬ᐨ䚟៿ެᡆ䮭൦Ⲻ⫦ູȾԛсᱥж㡢Ⲻ佫伕 Ⓦࡽθռᡇᔰ䆦֖ⴗਥ㜳ཐ֒ӑ䋽ᯏ㫆䳼θ⢯࡛ᱥ֖ሽ㾷伲 佀Ⲻ*RQLRSRUD⭘൦Ⱦ

‫ڛ‬ᓭᡆ䮭ѣⲺ*RQLRSRUD⻄⡽

ᡇ‫ه‬ᐨ⸛*RQLRSRUD൞⎭ѣѱ㾷ᱥ䶖᭓਌⎤⑮ऋ⢟⛰ѱθ঩ ֵ൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣ伲佀θެሜҕᴿᖾཐつ五Ⲻ伕⢟ਥԛ䚮᫽Ⱦׁ ྸਥ⭞ᐸ䶘ᴿ୤Ⲻ⎤⑮ऋ⢟ૂ⎤⑮ऋ⢟Ⲻ␭ਾ伕⢟Ƚ਺つ᯦ 凤਀߭ࠃ㶜五Ƚ䔕儊ऋ⢟ૂ冐ফㅿㅿθ⭐㠩਺つ⭧᯦凤⎭凤 㼳ᡆⲺ╵⣶⢟θҕਥ֒⛰*RQLRSRUD൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺ㌝伕Ⱦ䄁䅯 䁎θ䚮᫽䛙жつ伕⢟ᱥ䴶㾷ṯᬐެ㶻㚿ਙ䜞Ⲻཝቅ㙂ᇐȾ ཝ䜞ԳӰҕᴹ֒ж᱕ᵕཐ⅗Ⲻ⦞㄁佫伲θׁྸ⭞ᇐ唔佫伕Ⲻ ᯯ⌋䇉⨀⪐㜳㐟ម൦䙨伕ࡦެ䝦䘇഑ઞ儎ᇼᓜⲺ伲ᯏȾ֒ᇐ 唔佫伕ᱥⴤࢃ䶔ᑮ⍷㺂Ⲻᯯ⌋θֵ⭞佫伕⌞ሺಞᡌⴤ⁏佫伕 ಞᱥᴶ֩Ⲻ䗜⌋θᆹᴿ᭾൦䱨↘䚄ཐਹ࢟Ⲻ伕⢟⇎⮏൞≪ᰅ ㇧ѣᖧ丵≪䌠Ⱦ ਜжつ⍷㺂ᯯ⌋ᱥֵ⭞ɇ佫伕㖟Ɉּ䇉儎◹ᓜⲺ伕⢟㜳രᇐ ൞≪ѣ仺⎤θ䇉㶻㚿ᴿ䔹䮭Ⲻᱸ䯉ৱᦋ伕Ⱦ↚䁣‫ۏ‬ਠ䴶⭞р ж‫׵⬬≪⊳ف‬㜳䕋᱉‫ࡦڐ‬θᣀ⊳≪⬬ᓋ䜞࠽䯁θ൞㼗䶘᭴‫ޛ‬ ж㋈≙⸩θ❬ᗂቧਥԛሽᆹ㬁⵶᮪Ԭ⨀⪐θ䇉伕⢟ਥؓᆎ൞ 㼗䶘仺⎤Ⱦᴶᗂж‫ف‬ᑮ⭞Ⲻᯯ⌋θᱥ൞佫伕Ⲻᱸ䯉‫ޝ‬θ䰒р 䚄☴ಞ р≪⌫ૂौ≤ಞθֵ伕⢟ᴿᴪ䮭Ⲻᱸ䯉仺⎤᯲≪ѣȾ ਠ㾷㙆ᗹⲺ⹊ガૂ㿶ሕᆮ㘈θ֖ቧਥ⛰֖Ⲻ*RQLRSRUDᇐ࠰ᴶ ֩Ⲻ伕䆒਀佫伕ᯯ⌋Ⱦ

CORAL

9

CORAL ૷ つ 㚐 ❜ φ

Scolymia australis

(ᑁ ᚶ)

Jeff Leung Aqua World of Pittsburgh, PA.

6FRO\PLD DXVWUDOLVᱥ䙏ᒴᒪ䯁ခ⍷㺂伲佀Ⲻ⨀⪐ѣθ亅㢨ᴶ⛰凤䊊ⲺȾ⢖‫ه‬ᱥ൞◩⍨≪ต‫ޝ‬㻡᧗䳼θ䙏⨀⪐つ五Ⲻެ Ԍ࡛੃ऻᤢ⭒⭒ാ⨀⪐ GRXJKQXW θ㚿⨀⪐ PHDW FRUDO θ⢏喈⨀⪐ WRRWK FRUDO ૂሬຊ㨒⨀⪐ DUWLFKRNH FRUDO

Ⱦ6FRO\PLDᴿཐつ亅㢨 ㏖㢨Ƚ㌻㢨Ƚⲳ㢨Ƚ㍡㢨Ƚ₏㢨਀哹㢨Ⱦ᫷ᴿ᱄Ӥૂ⦞⢯ᯇ㍁Ⲻ6FRO\PLDθ㏉ᑮ㻡で⛰ɓᾫ૷Ⲻ 6FRO\PLDɔ ൌр ∅‫⪐⨀ف‬ᇐ‫ܯ‬㌺൞ 㗄‫ݹ‬㠩 㗄‫ݹ‬ҁ䯉θ਌⊰᯲亅㢨ૂൌṾⲺ〶ᴿᓜȾެԌᴿ⢯࡛亅㢨Ⲻつ五੃ᆍᴿɓ ⍷㹶Ⲻ㱁᷒ɔ ㏖㢨ᴿ㌻㢨ồ㍁ ਀ɓौ࿓૷ɔ ㌻㢨ѣᴿ㍡㢨 Ⱦ 6FRO\PLD൞≪ᰅ㇧伲佀ᱸθ㜳᧛਍ཐつᙛࠃ乆࡬Ⲻ伕૷Ⱦж㡢ԛ㌖㶜ᒲ։ P\VLV Ƚ䊆ᒪ㶜 EULQH VKULPS ૂ्ᾫ㌻㶜 &\ FORSHH]H ֒⛰ѱ㾷伲ᯏθ⢖‫ه‬ҕ᧛਍)DXQD 0DULQ /36ቅ㋈⛰伕⢟Ⱦ⮬䰒⟾ᗂθ⢖‫ه‬ᴹծ࠰ж⫦Ⲻ䀮児θሽ൞≪ѣⲺ伕⢟ᣉ օθ䙏ᱥᴶ֩֒⢯ᇐ佫伲֖Ⲻ6FRO\PLDⲺ㢥ₕθ⢖‫܅ླه‬ҕᖾӡ਍֖⭞ж‫ف‬䠓ㆈᡌ㘻ཝශⲺ੮㇗ WXUNH\ EDVWHU ৱ佫伲⢖ 10

‫ه‬θਜཌ∅ ᵕ֒ཐ⅗佫伕 ᤷ֖Ⲻ6FRO\PLD‫ڛ‬ 㟞㝯 Ⱦ

᱕ 㜳ؓ ᓭ൦ᡆ䮭

↙⻰൦ᬰ᭴6FRO\PLD DXVWUDOLV൞⨀⪐⼷≪ᰅ㇧θቃ䙏‫ف‬ ⨀⪐Ⲻ‫ڛ‬ᓭቚެ䠃㾷Ⱦ6FRO\PLD 㜳᧛਍⭧儎ࣕ⦽㷘‫ݿ‬㇗ KLJK SRZHU IOXRUHVFHQWV Ƚ䠇ኢ咫㍖⟾ PHWDO KD OLGHV ᡌ㘻Ⲳ‫ݿ‬ӂᾫ儊 /(' ᨆ‫ב‬քᓜࡦѣᓜⲺ➝᱄Ⱦ⢖‫ه‬ ௒↗ք㠩ѣᓜⲺ≪⍷θռᱥ㾷㜳བ䕋Ḋ൦ᦹ␻䛙ӑ൞⨀⪐ 㺞䶘Ⲻ⻄⡽ᡌ㘻⋏㋈⊾◧⢟Ⱦ䚮᫽ж‫ف‬ゟᇐⲺփ㖤ᡌ㘻⭞ ␭ਾ㟖ሽ⨀⪐Ⲻᓋ䜞രᇐ᯲⭕⢟⸩рᱥ䶔ᑮ䠃㾷Ⲻθഖ⛰ 6FRO\PLDᖾᇯ᱉㻡ቻօ᯲⸩рⲺެԌ⭕⢟᧞‫و‬Ⱦ 䚮᫽жԬ‫ڛ‬ᓭⲺ⨀⪐ᱥᡆࣕⲺ䰒䦫θ⮬䚮᫽6FRO\PLDᱸθ ᴶ䠃㾷ᱥ䚵‫ރ‬䚮᫽䛙ӑᴿԱ֋᱄亥㍺㒊㩄㑤ⲺȾᨑ䀶ҁθ ៿䂨㾷⋈ᴿᓋኚⲺⲳ㢨僞僲ᗔ⨀⪐Ⲻ㺞䶘䵨࠰ּⲺȾ൞ᡇ ‫Ⲻه‬㏉傍㼅θ࢑ᳪ䵨࠰ּⲺ僞僲θᴿₕᴹቄ㠪㍺㒊ᤷ㓂ᙝⲺ 㺦䘶Ⱦ ֖ᡌ䁧ᐨ⌞㿌⵶䛙ӑ➝⡽θ䛙哲ᡇ‫׵ه‬䙆жԁ㍯੝ȾㅢжἫ 6FRO\PLD ㅢ 丷 ᱥᡇ‫ه‬ᴶ᯦Ⲻ6FRO\PLD㋴૷θ⢖↙ቻօ൞ ᡇ‫Ⲻه‬ኋ⽰≪ᰅ㇧ѣθ⴪ࡦ⢖㜳ᢴࡦж‫ف‬ᇬ⛰↘Ⱦ൞ ᴾᡇ ‫ه‬ᗔެѣж‫◩ف‬⍨‫Ⲻ୼៿ב‬䋞⢟ѣθᗍࡦ䙏㗄响Ⲻ6FRO\ PLDθⴤࢃᡇ‫↙ه‬൞⭞5HHI7HFK 3URPHWKHXV /('֒ެ➝ ᱄θ∅ 㠩 ཟ佫)DXQD 0DULQ /36ቅ㋈㎜⢖ԛؓᤷެ‫ڛ‬ᓭ਀ 伳┵Ⱦ䙏6FRO\PLD㋴૷ᱥ⴮⮬〶ᴿθഖ⛰⢖㕰ቇҼ㌻㢨Ⲻồ

㍁θռ⴮ਃ൦঱ᴿ㪍凤₏㢨ồ㍁਀⦞⢯Ⲻ䴠ⲳ㢨൉唔Ⱦ ㅢӂἫ6FRO\PLD ൌр θᱥᡇ‫୼ه‬ᓍѣ↭ּᴶԚӰ䴽傐Ⲻχ ₏㢨Ⲻ6FRO\PLDᐨᱥᖾ〶ᴿθռᱥ䛙亅㢨䚺ᱥжつ◹৐Ⲻ 㵒ḇ㢨θ㙂ъ൞ѣᗹാփ㖤ᱥਜж䔹␰Ⲻ₏㢨θⵕⲺᱥ䎻≪ ⓌⲺ⨃૷Ⱦ⢖ⵁ䎭ּ‫܅‬ж຀ᴿཐኚ凤᱄亅㢨Ⲻ⺢㌌᷒Ⱦ䙏⴮ ⡽ᱥ൞ ᒪࡓᱸθ⮬䙏⨀⪐ᗔ㻁㼅਌࠰ּᒴቅᱸᗂᢃᤃ ᭓ⲺȾഖ⛰⢖䚺⋈ᴿᇂ‫ޞ‬䚟៿ᡇ‫≪Ⲻه‬䌠θᡶԛᴿжӑ僞僲 䵨Ҽ࠰ּȾᡇ‫ه‬ᵠ㜳਀ᱸᤃࡦ䙏‫ف‬㵒ḇжᕫᇂ‫ޞ‬㟞㝯Ⲻ➝ ⡽θഖ⛰൞ㅢӂཟᐨ࠰୤㎜ж‫ف‬ᝑр⢖ⲺӰҼθԌ䚺㾷≸㄁ ࡱ਌䎦⢖ઘέ сжἫ6FRO\PLD ㅢ 丷ൌр ␻ᾐ൦ኋ⽰ж‫ف‬ԚӰⱁ⣸Ⲻ 亅㢨θ䎭ࡓᡇ‫ه‬ԛ⛰ᐨ㏉ᇂ‫ࡦⵁޞ‬⢖Ⲻ‫ޞ‬䜞亅㢨θ⴪ࡦᡇ‫ه‬ Ⲻᵁਁ0LNH 3KXQJ䇉ᡇ‫ⵁه‬жᕫ6FRO\PLDഔᗟ亅㢨ᗂⲺ傐 Ӱ➝⡽θ䙏ᱥᡇ‫ه‬൞ԛࢃ୤䌙㎜ԌⲺȾ㠽ᴿж‫ف‬㍡㢨⫦Ⲻᾫ ૷6FRO\PLDуੂθ⢖ᴿੇཌ㍡㢨Ⲻồ㍁⭧㘖㏖ૂ㊿㰃㢨ժ 㪍θԚ⢖ᴿԳཌྠⴤⲺཌ䋂Ⱦ

CORAL

11

ᴶᗂθᡇ‫ه‬ԛжԬޭ䴽᫲ᙝⲺ6FRO\PLDּ㎆ᶕᵢㇽᮽㄖθ ᡇ‫ه‬ળ੃⢖⛰འ䲳㘶ᯇⲺ6FRO\PLD ൌс Ⱦ൞ᡇ‫⨴Ⲳه‬⢖ ᱥኢ᯲᳍‫Ⲻݿ‬6FRO\PLDҁᗂθ⢖ቧ≮ѻ㻡ᡇ‫ه‬᭴൞ኋ⽰≪

ᰅ㇧Ⲻж‫ف‬໷ᷬсχ൞ք‫ݿ‬ᓜồԬсθ亅㢨ᱥᴶ凤᱄Ⲻθྸ ➝⡽ж⁙Ⱦ൞ ᴾᡇ‫ه‬ᗔ‫୼៿ב‬䚮਌Ҽ⢖θ⢖䛙‫ޟ‬ồ㏖㢨Ⲻ ᯇ㍁㾥ᢎ㪍䛙⚡❦㡢Ⲻ₏㢨θⵕᱥ䶔ᑮᚻⴤȾ⢖ⴤࢃҕᱥ ⭞5HHI7HFK 3URPHWKHXV /('‫➝ݿ‬㌱㔕֒➝᱄θԛ)DXQD 0DULQ /36ቅ㋈֒佫伲ⲺȾ ཐ䅓⎭⍁㚐⼷䴒䃂䇉ᡇ‫⛡ه‬㘶жсᡇ‫Ⲻه‬жӑ⨃ሬθྸ᷒ ֖ᴿₕᴹּࡦ㗄ു९㥨๗θ↗䘄ּ֖ᡇ‫୼Ⲻه‬ᓍ৹㿶Ⱦ

12

BREEDING ␧ ‫ ޛ‬Ҽ 䀙 Holacanthus Ⲻ ࣖ ई ∊ ⾔ ԏ 冐 PART 1

Matt Pedersen Images by author except as noted

ኢ+RODFDQWKXVⲺࣖई∊⾔ԏ冐൞㗄ു⎭≪冐㕮ѣ᫷ᴿ

ж‫ف‬⢯࡛Ⲻ൦փθ⢖‫ه‬ᱥᴶ‫֑⭧ݾ‬㖻䠂䚊ᐔⲺ᧗䳼㘻ᕋ‫ޛ‬ ќ‫ב‬Ӱ伲佀ⲺȾะ᯲つつ৕ഖθ䙏ӑつ五ќу਀⢖‫ه‬ҁࢃ਍ ↗䘄Ⱦҕ䁧ᡇ‫ه‬䃃⛰ᐨ㏉‫ޞ‬䜞䃃⸛䙏ӑ冐Ⲻж࠽θռᡇ䓡⛰ 伲佀ଗ⴮‫៿ؗ‬䂨㾷⸛䚉ᗍᴪཐȾ ᡌ䁧ะ᯲䋠ᠶ⨃䋪Ⲻ૷つθᡶԛᡇ䚮᫽Ҽ‫فޟ‬ᵢൕⲺ૷つθ འ੄ૂ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ⾔ԏ冐θ֒⛰్䂜൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣ䞃ቃ਀㑷 ⇌Ⲻཝශ⾔ԏ冐Ⱦ㾷⨼䀙⢖‫↭Ⲻه‬ਨ਀⮬Ԁ൞≪ᰅ⮂ѣⲺ ᛻⋷θᱥቃ᯲Ĉу᱄ᵍĈⲺ్䂜ᴿ⻰ሜⲺᒡࣟθᒮླ䙏⅗ᐨ ሽ䙏‫فޟ‬つ五ᡆࣕⲺާ佀൞ж䎭θੜࡽቧሡусৱҼȾ

ࣖई∊⎭Ⲻ+RODFDQWKXV འ੄ +RODFDQWKXV FLOLDULV ᱥཝශȽ䕠ᔉ␻Ღૂ᫷ᴿ൞Ա

жồᡆᒪⲺ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ⾔ԏᒲ冐൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣㅿᖻ䞃ቃ

14

֋ᱸُ䜳ԚӰ۴‫Ⲻو‬㗄响Ⱦ ੂ⁙‫ݠ‬䳻Ⲻ㰃ԏ + EHUPXGHQVLV θ䴌❬㻡で⛰Ĉᒩ‫Ⲻܯ‬འ ੄Ĉθቃ᯲䙏ᯯ䶘ࡽᱥ㿁ӷ㿁ᲰҼȾ䙏‫૷ޟ‬つ⭘⭕Ҽжつ␭ つ冐θで⛰⒥㠙⾔ԏ冐θᴴᒴ֋ᱸ㻡䃃⛰ᱥਜж‫ف‬つ五Ⱦ ެሜ⢖‫ه‬൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣҕਥԛ㻡伲佀ᗍᖾླθਠ䴶䌲䋭ᱸ⮏ ᝅ䚮᫽ਾ䚟Ⲻተሮθж㡢ᔰ䆦ᱥ 㠩 㤧ሮⲺㇺൃȾᒴփ֒ 㘻ҕᨆ࠰䙏ӑ૷つθ⮬ࡦ䚊ᡆᒪᱸθ䮭ᓜᴹ䎻䚄жተ ཝ᯲ ੁᡌ ৎ㊩ θ㙂ъᴹ䇀ᗍ⴮⮬ޭ‫⮛׫‬ᙝⲺȾ%RE )HQQHU ൞ԌⲺ7KH &RQVFLHQWLRXV $TXDULVWᴮѣ᤽࠰Ⲻɇᡶᴿኢ +RODFDQWKXVⲺᡆଗ䜳ᱥޭ‫⮛׫‬ᙝⲺθ៿䂨㻡௤ж伲佀᯲ж ‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬θ䲚䶔֖Ⲻ≪ᰅ㇧ᖾཝȾɈ 㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ⾔ԏ冐 +RODFDQWKXV WULFRORU θ൞ԛᖶⲺᰛ ᆆθ⢖у‫܅‬⢖Ⲻ䘇㿠‫ݺ‬ᕕ㡢䚁≙ླθ%RE )HQQHU൞:HW:HE 0HGLD FRPр䀙䠁䃠ɇ൞䚄ᖶθ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ൞Ӱᐛ伲佀сθ

жồ㰃ԏᒲ冐൞䚖䴘֑㖻䠂䚊㗚ጬ㻡ᤃࡦ

жồᡆ⟕Ⲻའ੄Ⱦ%LOO .HQQHG\ᨆ‫⴮Ⲻב‬⡽

жঀᴹ൞㻡ᦋ⦨ᗂⲺж‫ف‬ᴾ‫↱ޝ‬ӗȾɈ䙏䋖䶘Ⲻ⎾ᚥᖧ丵⢖ ‫ه‬൞≪ᰅ⮂㼗Ⲻ⍷㺂Ⱦ⢖‫ه‬䮭ཝᗂⲺ‫⮛׫‬ᙝ਀ք伲佀ᡆࣕ ⦽Ⲻ䅖䀶அ亂ќᵠ⑑ቇެᲤ਀ᙝθᡆᒪⲺའ੄ૂ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ Ⲻ伕⢟ѱ㾷ᱥ⎭㏵θԛᖶᱥ䴙᯲൞Ӱᐛ⫦ູсᨆ‫Ⲻב‬θ⴪ࡦ 㼳䙖୼ⵁⓌₕᴹθ൞ ь㌶ ᒪԙᗂᵕ䯁ခ⭕⭘ԛ⎭㏵⛰ ѱ㾷ᡆԳⲺ߭ࠃ伕૷θ᛻⋷ቧ䯁ခ䕿䇀Ⱦ 6FRWW 0LFKDHOᴴ㺞⽰θɇ㰃ԏᒲ冐ૂའ੄ᒲ冐ਥ㜳൞⨀⪐ ⼷≪ᰅ㇧ѣᵠᴹ‫ڐ‬ᡆ䚄ᓜⲺ⹪༔ᙝθռᡆ䮭ᗂᖶօᕋ䎭அ 亂ȾɈ൞ ᒪԙѣᗂθ䗻䙕൦䕿ੇ⨀⪐⼷≪ᰅ㇧ૂᴪቅශⲺ ⎭≪≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻ䏞घθᴿ䃦䚺ᴹᜩ㾷жӑᰘཝශ৾ᴿ░൞‫׫‬ ⮛ᙝȽ㾷ԛ⎭㏵⛰ѱ㾷伕⢟Ƚቃ⨀⪐ᴿধᇩᙝȽ儊䌠৾㓌ᕧ Ⲻ⾔ԏ冐ࣖ൞Ԍ‫≪Ⲻه‬ᰅ㇧ѣઘϋ

жồᡆᒪⲺ㰃ԏȾ3HWHU /HDK\ᨆ‫⴮Ⲻב‬⡽

⍷㺂ᓜ⑑ቇⲺᮮᬐ ↙ྸཝᇬᡶ乆ᵕθ)ORULGD )LVK DQG :LOGOLIH &RQVHUYD WLRQ &RPPLVVLRQ ć)):&&Ĉ 䰒᯲⎭≪冐五㻡᭬䳼Ⲻᮮᬐ ѣθ亥⽰਺つ֑㖻䠂䚊⾔ԏ冐᭬ァ䠅ᐨཝᑻ⑑ቇȾ䙏ᮮᬐऻ ᤢ൞֑㖻䠂䚊≪ต‫ޞ‬䜞 ‫ف‬つ五θ つ+RODFDQWKXV VSS ਀ 3RPDFDQWKXV DUFXDWXVૂ3 SDUXȾռᱥ)):&&Ⲻ⾔ԏ冐ᦋ ᥿ᮮᬐਠऻ੡ ‫ف‬つ五θഖ&HQWURS\JH DUJL䙐ᑮу൞֑㖻 䠂䚊≪ต㻡ᦋ⦨θᱥ⭧᯲⢖൞␧≪ѣ⭕⍱Ⲻ㐙᭻θռԃਥԛ ᗔ⎭൦䶔ᑮ‫׵‬ᇒ൦ᦋ᥿ࡦੂ⁙Ⲻࣖई∊૷つȾ ൞ ᒪθ⮬ᱸᡇԃ❬᯲≪ᰅ䴬୤ᾣᐛ֒θ ồ⾔ԏ 冐ᗔ֑㖻䠂䚊≪ต㻡ᦋ⦨Ⱦ䙏ᮮⴤ∅ᒪс䲃θ㠩 ᒪਠᴿ ồ㻡ᦋ⦨Ⱦ ᒪ㠩 ᒪ࠰⨴ᦋ⦨䠅рॽθ ⾔ԏ冐㻡ᦋ⦨θҁᗂ৾ഖ⛰уའ਍↗䘄θ㎆᷒䙖ᡆਜж⅗Ⲻ с䲃θਠᴿ ֑㖻䠂䚊⾔ԏ冐൞ ᒪ㻡ᦋ⦨Ⱦ ᒪ ᮮᆍᤷ㓂ੇсθ⴪㠩 ᒪ ᴾ ᰛθ๧઀亥⽰θᦋ⦨Ⲻਠᴿ ồ⾔ԏ冐χ঩ֵ ᒪ㍸㎆⴮∊ҁࢃᒴᒪᐨᴿੇр 䏞घθᴶ㍸㎆᷒䚺ᱥ䙏⁙θ֑㖻䠂䚊Ⲻ⾔ԏ冐Ⲻᦋ⦨䠅⴮䔹 ᒪ⑑ቇҼ θ⴮‫ؗ‬с䲃৕ഖᱥഖ⛰ཝශ⾔ԏ冐൞≪ᰅ ⮂ѣⲺ䴶≸ᐨ㏉ཝᑻ⑑ቇҼȾ .DUD DQG 3KLOLSS 5DXFK RI .3 $TXDWLFVθ֑㖻䠂䚊Ⲻ ᧗䳼㘻θᨆ‫ב‬жӑṯᬐ⾔ԏ冐૷つⲺ⿷Ӱ᭬䳼ᮮᬐȾᗔ䛙ᮮ ᬐ ᗔ ᒪࡦⴤࢃ ᒪ⛰↘ ѣθᡇ‫ه‬㜳བԛ㑳ᮮѣᒩൽ 䀾㇍࠰∅‫ف‬つ五ⲺⲴ࠼∊θ㎆᷒ᱥ‫ޟ‬ᒪⲺ਌⁙䜳䶔ᑮ⴮ղχ ᭬䳼૷つ࠼վཝ㌺ᱥའ੄ Ƚ㰃ԏ Ƚ⌋ԏ Ƚ⚦ԏ ૂ Ⲻ㗄ു⸩㗄ӰȾ

֑㖻䠂䚊⾔ԏ冐Ⲻ⍷㺂ᓜླ‫܅‬൞с䲃ѣ Ⱦ3HWHU /HDK\ ᨆ‫⴮Ⲻב‬⡽

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‫ٽ‬䁣䙏ӑᮮᬐᱥཝཐᮮ֑㖻䠂䚊᧗䳼ӰⲺ૷つ࠼䞃θᡇ

‫᧞⮛㋍ه‬㇍࠰ᴿ ồᗔ֑㖻䠂䚊ᦋ⦨Ⲻའ੄ૂ ồ ᗔ֑㖻䠂䚊ᦋ⦨Ⲻ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱθਥ㜳൞ ᒪ‫⨹ޞ‬ѣ֒୼ ᾣ୤䌙Ⱦ㙂൞ ᒪθ⸛੃Ⲻཅ့཭哹п䀈ੀⲺᦋ⦨䠅ᱥ ồ ဇव䄌ᡇ‫ه‬ཐ⅙䌔ᡶᴿⲺ֑㖻䠂䚊⾔ԏ冐つ五θ ‫ޢ‬ᒩ൦䃠θ⢖‫ه‬ะᵢрᐨ㏉ᗔᡇ‫᧗Ⲻه‬䳼੃௤рࢊ䲚Ҽθ❗ ⯇൦ᗔদᓜ འᒩ⍁⾔ԏ冐つ五ᐨᴪ䙨ж↛਌ԙᵢ൦Ⲻ⾔ԏ 冐Ⱦ

жồቇᒪའ੄

䚋ਃᵢᝅ ླ‫܅‬ᡇᴿж‫ف‬㘈យθቧᱥ߃⅗᧘䁄ᐨуᱥѱ⍷Ⲻ冐つθᡇⲺ ᆮ㘈ᱥθж㡢Ⲻ䃃⸛ќуԙ㺞䙏ӑ冐Ⲻ‫ޞ‬䜞Ⱦ㜳ֵᡇ⦨ᗍக ⽰Ⲻᱥᗔ.L\RVKL (QGRKĆV $QJHOILVKHV RI WKH :RUOGѣ Ⲻж‫≪⼷⪐⨀ف‬ᰅ㇧Ⱦ䛙≪ᰅ㇧ѣ㛨ᴿᒴἫ*RUJRQLDQV ⎭ḅ ȽެԌⲺ⨀⪐Ƚжồ7DUSRQ ⎭剧 ᒲ冐 0HJDORSV DWODQWLFXV ԛ਀жồའ੄Ⱦ൞䙏ҁࢃθᡇ㑳ᱥԛ⛰⢖‫ه‬у ៿ᆎ൞᯲⨀⪐⼷≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺθռᱥ(QGRK᤽࠰ɇ䙏≪ᰅ㇧ ѣ䴌❬伲佀㪍жӑࣖई∊*RUJRQLDQV ⎭ḅ θռќ⋈ᴿ㻡 +RODFDQWKXV FLOLDULVਹᦿȾɈҁᗂⲺжӑׁᆆ䇉ᡇⵁࡦའ

ᡇⲺжቃ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱθ↙൞᧘㍘⢖‫ه‬൞ж‫ࣖف‬ ई∊ቅॶѣⲺ⨀⪐⼷≪ᰅ㇧᯦ቻȾ

੄਀㰃ԏ㜳᜿ᘡ൦ቻօ൞ж‫ف‬䮭┵Ҽ䔕⨀⪐ૂ636⨀⪐Ⲻ⨀ ⪐⼷≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬Ⱦᡶԛҕ䁧+RODFDQWKXV㜳൞ж‫ف‬ᴿᇂ஺䀾⮡ Ⲻ⨀⪐⼷≪ᰅ㇧ќᆎ੝ϋ 伕⢟ླ‫܅‬ᱥެѣж‫ف‬䮭ᵕቃ᯲伲佀+RODFDQWKXVⲺ䴙亂θ (QGRKуᯭ᤽࠰䚟⮬Ⲻ伲ᯏθ 䴶ੂᱸᴿ㢥ླⲺ≪䌠ૂ‫ ➝ݿ‬ ᱥቃ䮭ᵕ㏣ᤷའ੄Ⲻ㢭响亅㢨уਥ㕰ቇⲺж⫦Ⱦ࢑࢑ᨆ਀ Ⲻ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱθᴿᴴ֒䚄Ҽ䀙ⲺӰ䜳㛥ᇐ⸛䚉⎭㏵ᱥެᡆ冐 Ⲻѱ㾷伕㌝θ)HQQHU⭐㠩で⢖ᱥжつሾԛ⎭㏵⛰伕㌝Ⲻ冐 五θᡶԛ㻡䰒൞Ӱᐛ⫦ູс伲佀ቧуའਾ䚟ҼȾ䃠ഔ伲ᯏⲺ அ亂θගⲳ䃠൞ ᒪࢃθᡇ‫ه‬ќ⋈ᴿ⮬ԀⲺᡶᴿӰᐛ伲ᯏθ ׁྸ2FHDQ 1XWULWLRQૂ+LNDUL⨴൞䜳ᴿᨆ‫ב‬ԛ⎭㏵⛰ѱ㾷 ᡆԳⲺᙛࠃ伲ᯏθ⭧↚ᡇ‫ه‬㜳ᨆ‫ࡦב‬ᇂ‫܅ޞ‬䠄⭕ж⁙Ⲻ⎭ ㏵㎜ᡆᒪ冐֒伕⢟Ⱦሜ䳑рθ⢖‫ه‬ᱥੜⵕ↙䴶㾷ਹ⎭㏵ᢃ㜳 䮭ཝઘϋ䙏ᇂ‫ޞ‬ᱥਜж⯇அҼȾ ཝᇬᡌ㘻䴶㾷߃⅗䠆ᇐжсθҕ䁧㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱᐨ㏉у߃ᱥ䴙 ᯲伲佀Ⲻ冐五Ⱦ⮬ᡇ‫ه‬㍦䆶)HQQHUⲺ䂧ɇ伲佀ѣᆎ⍱ᛨۭⲺ ↭ਨɈ ⮏ᝅ↭ਨӂᆍθ⻰ሜ䚄ᖶ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱуᱥᆎ⍱ᗍᖾ ླθᡇ䁎ᗍ൞ ь㌶ ᒪԙ⢖‫ه‬ᱥཐ哳Ⲻࣿᕭ൦⍱㪍Ⱦ⨴൞ ᡇ‫⸛܅ླه‬䚉⛰Ӷ哲⢖‫ه‬⍷㺂䎭ּҼθᡇ‫⸛ه‬䚉ᡆᒪૂᾫ ㍦ቅⲺᒲ冐ᱥу㜳䚟៿≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻ⭕⍱θռᱥ൞㌺ 㤧ሮㇺൃ Ⲻཝᒲ冐঱ᱥᴶਾ䚟ⲺȾ(QGRKⲺ䂋䄌ሡ࠰䚄ৱཧᮍѱ㾷৕ ഖᱥԛᖶ䙏‫૷ف‬つⲺᦋ᥿ૂ㲋⨼ᢶ㺉уའླθᡶԛ䙨ਙⲺ +RODFDQWKXV WULFRORU 㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ ⣶ខ䇀ᗍᖾᐤȾഖ↚θ ≪ᰅᝑླ㘻ቧ䃃⛰ؓᤷ+ WULFRORUᱥᖾദ䴙ⲺȾⲺ⻰θᡇ䃃 16

⛰䚄ৱ ᒪⵕⲺ䇉ᡇ‫ه‬䃃䆎ࡦθ᮪‫਀᥿ᦋف‬䚁䘷䚄ぁᖶᖶ ᖧ丵㪍䙏૷つ൞Ӱᐛ⫦ູс伲佀Ⲻᡆࣕ⦽Ⱦᡇ‫⨴ه‬Ԁ㜳ᡆ ࣕ伲佀ᴪཐⲺ冐五θᖾཝਥ㜳ᱥ൞‫៿ב‬䧾Ⲻ䚄ぁѣᗍࡦᴪླ Ⲻ㲋⨼㙂⭘⭕Ⲻ㎆᷒Ⱦ ᴿ䰒+RORFDQWKLGⲺ‫⮛׫‬ᙝ৾ᙄ⁙ઘϋᡇᗍ⸛Ӱ‫ه‬ቃའ੄Ⲻ দ䊗ᱥж‫ف‬㎋ቃⲺ᜗䵮ᡌᱥ‫ݽ‬᜗Ⲻ⇰ᢁȾ൞㠽⾔ԏ冐ሾᇬ -RKQ &RSSROLQR DND &RSSV Ӛ䃽䚄ぁѣθԌ઀䁪ᡇԌ⸛䚉 ⋈ᴿӰᴴ㏉൞ᇬѣ≪ᰅ㇧ѣᡆࣕ㑷⇌ࡦ+RODFDQWKXV૷つθ ᡇ‫ه‬ቧ֒࠰ᴪ䙨ж↛Ⲻ䁄䄌Ҽθᡇᨆ࠰ਥԛ࡟⭞൞⁉рⲺж ‫Ⲻ׌ࣖ ف‬䀈ශ≪ᰅኋ⽰㕮θ֒⛰жቃའ੄Ӛ䞃๪ᡶȾу 䚄θቃ᯲ᴶཝተሮⲺᡆᒪ冐ּ䃠θ䙏ᱥᬖ䘡Ⲻօᡶθռᱥሜ 䳑рθ冐൞䔹㍦ቅᱸᐨᴿ㑷⇌Ⲻ㜳࣑Ⱦᰟ൞ ᒪθᡇⵁ㿁 уੂ૷つⲺ ồ+RODFDQWKXVੂ佀᯲&RSSVԛ⾔ԏ冐⛰ѱⲺ ᐞཝ≪ᰅ㇧ѣθᗔѣᡇ⸛䚉ᱥᴿਥ㜳ᡆࣕⲺθࣖрᡇᰟᐨ㛨 ᴿᐨਥ㑷⇌Ⲻ&HQWURS\JH DUJL 䠇乣ԏ ཐᒪȾ-RKQᔰ䆦ᡇ ਥ‫ੇݾ‬ᴶቅⲺ֑㖻䠂䚊⾔ԏ冐 㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱ֒࠰్䂜θ⢖‫ه‬ ᱥ∊འ੄ᴪླⲺ䚮᫽θਥԛ൞ ࣖ‫≪׌‬ᰅ㇧ѣ֒䞃ቃ਀㑷 ⇌Ⱦ ᮪‫⮂≪⎭ف‬θᮮॷᒪּ䚫ᗠ㪍ж‫ف‬㿅ࡽθж‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧ѣਠ㜳 伲佀жồੂつⲺ⾔ԏ冐Ⱦ䙏‫ف‬㿅ࡽ৾㏉ᑮᔬծࡦㅢӂ㿅ࡽθ ੂᰅ五Ⲻ⾔ԏ冐ਠ㜳൞ੂж≪ᰅ㇧ѣ伲佀жồȾᡇᐨ䯁ခ ᗍ⸛൞ᡇ‫Ⲻه‬ఒླ㼗ᖾཐⲺ㿅ࡽެሜҕу߃ᱥ䠇〇⦿ᗁҼθ

18

ެሜ⢖‫ه‬ਠᱥ֒⛰ቃ᯲ࡓᆮ㘻Ⲻᔰ䆦㙂ᐨθ䱨↘Ԍ‫ه‬൞ᵠ ᴿ䏩བⲺ㏉傍с㙂⣥с䥥䃚Ⱦ ⮬❬θ㾷㑷⇌Ḇӑᶧ㾵㙂֖৾у㜳ሽ⢖‫ه‬伲佀൞ж䎭Ⲻ䂧θ 䙏ᱥ䶔ᑮദ䴙ⲺȾ߃⅗ᕋ⭞%RE )HQQHUⲺ䂧θќъᡇ㾷䃠 ᱄ᯭㄖ਌㗟ᴿᱸᱥᴹֵӰ⭘⭕䃚䀙ⲺȾ൞䙏ҁࢃθᡇ⌞ᝅࡦ )HQQHUⲺ∅ж‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧ਠ佀жồའ੄Ⲻᔰ䆦θռᱥ൞сж ਛⲺਛᆆѣ৾䃠ɇᴿӑᱸُ䙏ӑ⾔ԏ冐ᱥਥԛᡆࣕ␭佀൞ ж䎭Ⲻθᯯ⌋ᱥ䙅䚄൞ੂжᱸ䯉ࣖ‫ޛ‬⢖‫ه‬θќሽ䜞࠼ູ⢟〱 ऋжсθ␭ҸԌ‫Ⲻه‬乎ൕᡌ㘻ᱥࣖ‫ޛ‬ᴪཝⲺ૷つȾɈ

5REHUW 6WUDXJKDQθᱥ ᒪԙⲺ⎭≪冐᭬䳼㘻θԌᐨ㏉⸛ 䚉␭佀‫ޟ‬ồੂつⲺ⾔ԏ冐ᱥਥ㺂ⲺȾԌ‫࠰᤽ݾ‬ɇᒪᒲⲺ⾔ԏ 䙏‫Ⲻ׌ࣖ ف‬䀈ශ≪ᰅ㇧ᱥ+RODFDQWKXVᒲ冐ᴶࡓⲺᇬθ⭞(FR[RWLF 3$5 /('֒➝᱄θࣖрᐨ㏉㲋⨼Ⲻ֑㖻䠂䚊⍱⸩θ‫ޞ‬䜞ᱥ֑㖻㼗䚊 ᵢൕⲺ*RUJRQLDQVૂ冐Ⱦᴿж‫᧛⊖≪⎭Ⲻ׌ࣖ ف‬р䙏‫ف‬㌱㎧θ䏩བ 䇉਺つ冐五䞃ቃсৱȾ

冐൞ࡦ䚊ᡆ⟕Ӛ䞃ᵕࢃ䜳ᱥ௤⦞൦⭕⍱Ⱦะ᯲䙏৕ഖθᡶ ԛਠ៿䂨ᴿжồ佀᯲≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬θ䲚䶔⢖‫Ⲻه‬䓡䮭ᴿ㠩ቇж 㤧ሮⲺᐤ࡛θ❬ᗂθԌ‫៿ه‬䂨‫ޞ‬䜞൞ੂжᱸ䯉‫ޝ‬᭴䙨≪ᰅ㇧ ѣɈθⲺ⻰ቃ᯲ੂ佀⾔ԏ冐ּ䃠䙏ᱥж‫ف‬ਥ㺂Ⲻᯯ⌋Ⱦ㏒ਾ 6WUDXJKDQૂ)HQQHU‫ޟ‬㘻Ⲻᔰ䆦θᡇሽ൞䙏㼗߃ж⅗Ⲻᕭ 䃵 у㾷్䂜䞃ቃ+RODFDQWKXVθ䲚䶔֖ᴿ䏩བⲺ䁣‫≪ ۏ‬ᰅ ㇧ θഖ⛰⮬ੂ佀уᡆࣕᱸθ֖ԃਥ࠼࡛ৱ伲佀⢖‫ه‬Ⱦ сжᵕθᡇᴹ䀙䃠жӑ᯦Ⲻ䋽ᯏ਀ቃࣖई∊⾔ԏ冐૷つ +RODFDQWKXV␧ኚ䃃䆎θਥԛྸ֋Ԛᡇ‫Ⲻه‬㿶᝕᭯䇀 ⢯࡛ ᱥᡇ‫ާⲺ↛ࡓⵁⵁݾه‬佀㎆᷒ 䞃ቃ 䙏ồᾫ┸Ӥθ❬㙂৾у ⦨ླ䂋Ⲻ⾔ԏ冐Ⱦ

‫ޟ‬ồ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱᒲ冐൞㻡䳊䴘䚄ぁѣ⴮ӈ⌞㿌θ↙ᵕᖻ㪍ሜ䳑Ⲻ᧛ 䀮Ⱦ

ㅢ ㍺ᱥᐨ䞃ቃҼⲺ㗄ു⸩㗄Ӱθ൞䙏ൌѣⲺᱥ֑㖻䠂䚊ቅч䲼乣冐 +DOLFKRHUHV 0DFXOLSLQQD ࣖई∊⭕⍱ቅॶ⨀⪐≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻ䘇᭓⴮⡽θ⮬ѣਥ㿁Ⲻ഑ồ冐ѣᴿпồ ᱥ+RODFDQWKXV⾔ԏ冐Ⱦਜжồࡽᱥ⨣㍁㶬冐θ&KDHWRGRQ VWULDWXVθ ᱥּ㠠֑㖻䠂䚊≪Ⲻਜж‫ف‬㗄响Ⲻ㶬冐Ⱦ

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CORAL

ᕱ ঽ ਧ ᫓ ࿚ ৓ ወ થ ᒹ ᔁ

Jake Adams ᡶ ᴿ ⴮ ⡽ Ⲽ ⭧ ㅼ 㘻 ᨆ ‫ ב‬θ 亃 ཌ 䁱 ᱄ 䲚 ཌ

ᡇ⨴൞䚺ᖾ␧ࡱ䁎ᗍθ◩⍨᭵ᓒ⊰ᇐ㾷ᣀ⨀⪐࠰ਙࡦ㗄

ുૂь⮂਺൦Ⲻ䛙жཟȾ⮬◩⍨⨀⪐䯁ခᗔᖲዮᣫ䚊ᵢ൦ ≪ᰅᓍᱸθ䛙ӑּ㠠◩⍨ⲺORUGVȽVFROLHVૂFKDOLFH㑷ཐⲺ ૷つૂެ䊊响㢨ᖟθ❗уԚࡦж㗚ᾣ低ᝑླ㘻㪍䘭Ⱦ 䚄ৱⲺжᒪθᡇ‫ه‬㿁䚄ᗔ㾵◩⍨‫ޛ‬ਙⲺ᯦૷つ⨀⪐θᡌ䁧 у਀䛙ӑּ㠠ᶧ◩⍨Ⲻж⁙㘶ⴤ⛡⵲θռ⢖‫ޞه‬䜳ᱥদᓜ འᒩ⍁⎭ต⦞ж❗ӂⲺȾᡇᜩ䃠ᱥ᯦亅㢨Ⲻ0LFURPXVVD DPDNXVHQVLVȽ0 PLQXWDθԛ਀)DYLWHV࠼᭥θ⢖‫ⵁه‬䎭ּ∊ $XVWUDORJ\UD਀ᅂ؅ⲺPLQL 6FRO\PLDᴪ⛰凤䊊Ⱦྸ֖᷒⋈ ᴿ⮏ᝅ䚄䙏ӑ᯦૷つⲺ⨀⪐θਥ㜳ᱥഖ⛰⮬⢖‫ه‬ᣫ䚊㗄ു ᱸθ亅㢨ᴿ唔␧⊿θԛ਀ެ⣶ខᵠ㜳਀ᱸഔᗟ䚄ּȾ 6\PSK\OOLD ZLOVRQLᱥ⎭⍁≪ᰅᝑླ㘻‫⵴ه‬ᡶઞ⸛Ⲻެѣ ж‫ف‬㾵◩⍨૷つθռᱥ㾵◩⎭ዮ㠩ቇ䚺ᴿެԌп‫⦞ف‬⢯Ⲻ 0XVVLGVȾ0LFURPXVVD DPDNXVHQVLVૂ0 PLQXWDᐨ㏉ਥᗔ ◩⍨ૂদᓜའᒩ⍁уੂ൦唔ᢴࡦθռ↙ྸᡇ‫ه‬ᐨ㏉⸛䚉ᖾ ཐ૷つⲺ⨀⪐ૂ冐五ᱥᆎ൞ᖾཐॶตрⲺ䇀ौȾ ެѣжつ‫ٲ‬ᗍжᨆⲺᱥּ㠠◩⍨䚊⡴ᮽᐸ 'DUZLQ 㾵्‫څ‬ ्൦ॶⲺ0LFURPXVVD DPDNXVHQVLVθ⢖ᱥж‫ޮف‬ශⲺׁ ᆆθഖ⛰⢖‫ه‬ཌ㺞ⵁ䎭ּⵕᱥའἈҼθ㙂ъҕуੂ᯲ᗔࢃⲺ 20

䙨ਙ䋞㢨Ⱦּ㠠䚊⡴ᮽⲺPLFURV亅㢨䙐ᑮ䜳ᱥ⴮⮬᳍ஔⲺθ ռᱥ⮬⭞㰃‫➝ݿ‬᱄ᗂθ֖ਥԛⵁࡦ⢖‫░ه‬൞Ⲻ亅㢨Ⱦᖾཐ䚊 ⡴ᮽPLFURVᒴ҄ҕᱥɅᖟ㲯亅㢨Ɇ਀ᴿ╟⑜ᖘ₏ാૂ₏㢨 Ⲻ౪θ㙂ъૂ᳍㍡㢨ᡌ凤₏㢨Ⲻ⫦ᖘᡆᕭ⛾ቃ∊Ⱦ᱄亥൦θ ൞䚊⡴ᮽ᭬䳼ࡦⲺPLFURVθᒴ҄ᇂ‫ޞ‬਌ԙҼ$FDQWKDVWUHD ORUGKRZHQVLVθ㙂ъ⢖‫ه‬൞ᵢ൦‫ݻ៿ב‬䏩θ䚮᫽㠠❬ᖾཐ ҼȾ ᗔሡ䙏ㇽᮽㄖ䎭䀾㇍θ䚊⡴ᮽPLFURVࡦ䚊㗄ുູ‫࢑ޝ‬䚄Ҽж ‫ف‬ཐᴾⲺᱸ䯉Ⱦᡇ਌ᗍⲺжԬθ൞/('➝᱄с㇍ᱥ亥࠰ެⵕ ↙Ⲻ亅㢨ּҼθ൞ᖾ⸣Ⲻᱸ䯉‫ޝ‬θެ㌻㢨ૂ₏㢨ᐨ㏉凤᱄൦ 亥࠰ּθռḆӑ䔹␧Ⲻ㍡㢨θ⨴൞ᢃមម亥࠰ּȾⴤࢃθԌ‫ه‬ ࠰ਙⲺ䚊⡴ᮽPLFURV亅㢨䜳ᱥ䶔ᑮἈⲺθ‫ف‬Ӱ䃃⛰θжᰜ䙏 ӑ䚊⡴ᮽPLFURV䙨ࡦ≪ᰅ㇧ѣθ⢖‫ه‬ᾫᴿਥ㜳䇀ᡆжԬ┸ ӤⲺ0LFURPXVVDθ⭐㠩∊жԬᑮ㿁Ⲻ㌻⚦㢨ᶧࣖPLFURVᴪ⛰ シ࠰Ⱦ ᗔদᓜ⍁ѣᦋ䳼Ⲻ⨀⪐ѣθ0LFURPXVVD PLQXWD㇍ᱥެѣ ж‫ف‬亅㢨䯁ခ䇀ᗍཐ⁙ौⲺ૷つȾ⮬᫷ᴿ㌻㢨ཝ㶻㚿Ⲻ 0LFURPXVVD PLQXWDㅢж⅗䙨ਙᱸθ⨀⪐㏉䣭୼ԛ⛰⢖‫ه‬ਠ ᱥּ㠠দᓜའᒩ⍁㚿䌠䔹৐਀ᖟ㢨䔹凤䊊Ⲻ6FRO\PLD DXV WUDOLVθ㙂ъᖶᖶ䥥䃚⁏㉳⛰$FDQWKDVWUHD PD[LPDȾ

Micromussa amakusensis

CORAL

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䙅䚄Ӱᐛ≪ᰅ⟾➝䇀ᗍᴪ⛰凤᱄Ⱦ ⮬Ӱ‫⨴Ⲳه‬ќ᧗䳼ᴪཐⲺ3ODW\J\UD ᡌ*RQLDVWUHDᱸθᡇ‫ࡦⵁه‬ᴪཐ㌻㢨Ƚ ㏖㢨ૂᴿᯇ唔Ⲻ0LFURPXVVD PLQXWD ↙ᗔ㾵◩⍨䙨ਙȾഖ⛰⢖‫ه‬ᴿ⴮⮬Ⲻ 䙨ਙ䠅θ㙂ъ亅㢨ќуᱥ䛙哳凤䊊θ ᡶԛ᮪ԬⲺ0 PLQXWD ‫ܯ‬Ṳќу㇍ᖾ 䋪Ⱦެѣ␧㌻㢨Ƚ凤㏖㢨Ƚ㌻㢨⨣㍁ૂ ㏖㢨⨣㍁Ⲻθᱥᴶ‫ٲ‬ᗍ᫷ᴿȾ

0LFURPXVVD PLQXWD ⴮ ⡽ ⭧ /LYH $TXDULD ᨆ ‫ב‬

ᡇᴿᒮੇḛ⨼g䋓䲼 &KDUOLH 9HURQ ঐ༡䂘அ䙏᢯ᗔ㾵

◩⍨ּⲺ PLQL VFRO\θԌⲺㅢж‫ف‬ਃ៿ᱥɇቃ᯲⨀⪐⮂ּ 䃠θ㾵◩⍨∊௱⛰ж‫ف‬ᵠ㏉᧘㍘Ⲻ乎ต ᡶԛPLQL VFROLHV ਥ㜳ਠᱥ6FRO\PLD DXVWUDOLVⲺॶต䇀つθռ⢖‫ه‬ҕਥ㜳ᱥ ‫ޞ‬᯦Ⲻ૷つȾɈ ঩ֵᱥ൞PLQL VFROLHV࠼五рⲺу⻰ᇐᙝθռ᱄亥൦⢖‫ه‬൞ ᖘ⣶ૂ亅㢨рᴿ㪍уੂⲺ൦ᯯȾ㙂ᴪ⾔『Ⲻᱥθ䘇ᰛ䙨ਙⲺ ⨀⪐⮬ѣθᴿᮮṠⲺཌ㺞㠽ቅශPLQL VFRO\ж⁗ж⁙θռެ ޮශⲺ㹶㌻䓡䓶рθㄕ㏪ᴿཽ⮦Ⲻ␰㢨ൌṾθ❬㙂ੂ᢯䙨ਙ ⨀⪐঱ཝ䜞Գ䜳ᱥ᳍᳍⊿⊿Ⲻθу䚄ᆹ‫Ⲻه‬ᗤ࿏㢨ᖟൽਥ ּ 㠠 㾵 ◩ ⍨ Ⲻ 6FRO\PLD DXVWUDOLV ⴮ ⡽ ⭧ *RQ]RĆV &RUDO )UDJV ᨆ ‫ב‬

22

ᴿ䏙Ⲻᱥᡶᴿּ㠠㾵◩⍨ⲺPLQL VFR OLHVθ⴪ᗇཝ㌺ਠᴿж㠩ж唔ӊ㤧ሮȾ ⢖‫Ⲻه‬⢯ᗫਠᴿ࠰⨴᯲五ղ6FRO\ PLD DXVWUDOLVⲺ૷つθᡌ㘻ᴿᱸ䘇 ղ᯲7UDFK\SK\OOLDθ,QGRSK\OOLDθ ૂ&\QDULQD䙏ӑ૷つθ㙂㾵◩⍨Ⲻ PLQL VFRO\ᱥ⴮ቃ儊ශ䔹㍦ቅૂу亥 ⵲ⲺȾ ж㡢PLQL VFRO\䜳ᱥ␰㏖㢨Ƚ㌻㢨ᡌ₏㢨Ⲻθ൞ֵ⭞㰃⟾Ⲻ ➝᱄сᴪਥ㿁ࡦ㍦ồ㍁Ⲻ亅㢨Ⱦ㌺‫فޟ‬ᴾࢃᡇ䚮Ҽެѣж Ԭθެᗤ࿏Ⲻ₏㢨ồ㍁ㄕ❬䕿⛰凤᱄ૂᖾ⦞⢯Ⲻ₏㢨ồ㍁θ ќ㾥ᢎ㪍᳍Ἃ㢨Ⲻᓋ㢨Ⱦྸ᷒ެ㍺㒊уᬪཝ㠩僞ᷬҁཌθެ ᒲ㍦Ⲻ㏖㢨ồ㍁ҕ␻ᾐ൦൞₏㢨Ⲻồ㍁ૂ㶻㚿ҁ䯉࠰⨴Ⱦ ቃ᯲ᡇⲺPLQL VFRO\θᡇ⢯࡛ᴹ⛰⢖‫ه‬ᨆ‫ב‬䏩བⲺ‫➝ݿ‬θ㯿 ↚䇉ެⵕ↙Ⲻ亅㢨亥⨴࠰ּθռ৾уᴹഖᕭ‫ݿ‬㙂┸ⲳҼ⢖Ⲻ 亅㢨Ⱦ ҕ䁧ᡇ⨴൞ᴶ௒↗Ⲻ᯦૷つ⸩⨀⪐ቧᱥּ㠠㾵◩⍨Ⲻ )DYLWHV FRPSODQDWD࠼᭥θ⢖‫ه‬ҕᱥ൞䚊⡴ᮽ᧗䳼ᗍࡦ ⲺȾ)DYLWHV࠼᭥ж㡢∊ᡶ㖻䮶㗚ጬⲺ$XVWUDORJ\UD PRRQ ࠼᭥⨀⪐ᴪཐ㢨ᖟȾ㙂$XVWUDORJ\UDཝཐᱥ⚦㢨਀ж㎨㎨ ᳍␗Ⲻ㏖㢨θᗔ䚊⡴ᮽּⲺ ) FRPSODQDWDᱥ䶔ᑮ┸Ӥ Ⲻθᴿᱸ᮪Ԭ␰Ἃ㽆㢨㾥ᢎ㪍␰㢨ồ㍁ൌṾθռᴶ┸ӤⲺ䚺

ᱥ␰Ἃ㢨䞃ਾ凤㏖㢨ⲺਙȾᖾཐⲺ䡋䠜㞜ᱥᴿ⭕䮭㍦ᗤ࠼ ᭥Ⲻ਌ੇθ‫)܅‬DYLWHV KDOLFRUDθ)DYLWHV SHQWDJRQDૂж ӑ *RQLDVWUHDθռ)DYLWHV FRPSODQDWD঱уᑮᴿ࠼᭥Ⲻᖘ ᡆȾ

Stick with Sprung

)DYLWHV FRPSODQDWD࠼᭥䙐ᑮᱥ൞䔹␰਀␭◷Ⲻ≪ต㻡ᦋ 䳼θᡶԛᕭⲺ≪⍷ૂ䔹ᕭⲺ‫ݿ‬ᴹ‫׹‬䙨⢖⭕䮭ᡆ࠼᭥ᖘ⣶Ⱦ ᡇж⴪ؓᤷᡇⲺ䚊⡴ᮽ)DYLWHV FRPSODQDWD࠼᭥൞≪ᰅ㇧ ѣ䔹ᕭ≪⍷ૂ‫Ⲻݿ‬փ㖤θ䙏⇫ᱸ䯉θ⢖ᐨ䯁ခ⭕䮭ࡦ⭕⢟ ⸩р㙂ъ丸ㄥᐨ㏉ᴿжᇐᮮ䠅Ⲻ࠼᭥൞໔䮭θ䙏ᱥ䎻䚄ᡇ ‫ه‬ቃжⴚ䡋䠜㞜ᡶᵕᵑⲺȾ䚺ᴿж‫ླف‬㲋ᱥθ)DYLWHV࠼᭥ ᫷ᴿ⸣ቅⲺ㠠㺑䀮ᢁθᡶԛ⢖у䴶㾷ྸެԌ0RQWDVWUHDૂ *RQLDVWUHD૷つ䛙⁙㠽ެԌ⨀⪐ؓᤷᆿ‫ޞ‬䐓䴘Ⱦ Ԁᒪ、ཟᱥж‫ف‬䇉⨀⪐ᝑླ㘻◶ऋⲺᰛᆆθഖ⛰ᴪཐּ㠠 㾵◩⍨Ⲻ᯦૷つ㠽਀᯦亅㢨࠰⨴᯲ᐸ䶘Ⱦ‫ݎ‬㇗䚊⡴ᮽⲺ PLFURVૂPLQL VFROLHVࡦญᱸ∊ᗔᶧ◩⍨ּⲺ㢨ᖟ䔹᳍ ␗θռਠ㾷൞≪ᰅ㇧㏣ᤷж⇫ᱸ䯉ᗂθ⢖‫ه‬ᴹ⛰֖ᑬּᴪཐ 亅㢨ૂཌ㿶рⲺ傐௒Ⱦྸ֖᷒௒↗㠽⵴уੂⲺ⨀⪐θ䛙哳֖ ⵕᱥ䴶㾷⮏ᝅжс)DYLWHV࠼᭥θഖ⛰⢖ॷ࠼ᴿ░࣑θᡆ⛰֖ 㕮ѣ৾ཝ৾┸Ӥθ㙂ъҕᱥ䶔ᑮ⦞⢯Ⲻཝශ䡋䠜㞜‫ف‬儊Ⱦᡇ ‫ه‬ԃ❬⑪ᵑ◩⍨Ⲻ⨀⪐࠰ਙ䠅㜳བ߃ཐж唔θ⢯࡛ᱥቃ䋪 ‫Ⲻܯ‬ORUGVૂVFROLHV૷つθྸ֖᷒ҕ௒↗⢖‫ه‬θ䛙ቧ䄁ᤣⴤ ԛᖻ੝θᵠּᮮᴾᡇ‫ه‬жᇐᴹⵁࡦᴪཐּ㠠◩⍨㾵䜞⎭ዮᰘ 䞭ъ᯦Ⲻ⸩⨀⪐Ⱦ

Julian Sprung introduced AquaStik™ coralline red epoxy putty to the aquarium hobby more than 15 years ago. Since then aquarists all over the world have bonded with us. Now you can use our stone grey or coralline red epoxies, in 2 or 4 oz sizes.

Create amazing aquascapes with AquaStik and our CorAffix™ viscous cyanoacrylate, or attach frags to plugs with our CorAffix gel.

Two Little Fishies Inc. 1007 Park Centre Blvd.

Miami Gardens, FL 33169 USA www.twolittlefishies.com

)DYLWHV FRPSODQDWD

CORAL

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FISH

ᖎ ຂ ೑ ช part 2 ֧ ࠫ ‫ ॣ ݶ‬З ࣩ ㅑ ऐ 欧

Henry Schultz Images by Sabine Penisson

㘹ឤࡦੂኢ五ѣⲺ਺つ五ഖ⭘൦уੂ㙂ᴿ㪍уੂⲺ⢯ ᙝθᴿӑਥ㜳ᆎ൞䶔ᑮཝⲺᐤ⮦θᡶԛ䔹䴙Ᾰᤢ㙂䄌Ⱦᡶԛ ᡇ‫ݾ‬㎜жӑᴿ䰒ሬ⸩ 3VHXGDQWKLDV ൞≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬伲佀Ⲻะ ᵢԁ㍯θҁᗂ൞ᮽѣ߃ቧ‫૷࡛ف‬つ֒ᴪཐⲺޭ儊ᔰ䆦Ⱦ ެѣж‫ف‬伲佀3VHXGDQWKLDVⲺ䰒䦫ቧᱥ⛰⢖‫ه‬⠕䙖ж‫ف‬ ᴿਾ䚟ՏժⲺ⫦ູȾ䙐ᑮ$QWKLLQDHቃ᯲⢖‫ੂⲺه‬つᴿᖾ ཝⲺ‫⮛׫‬ᙝθ䲚↚ҁཌθ൞ж㡢Ⲻ᛻⋷сθ3VHXGDQWKLDV ൞≪ᰅ㇧㼗уᱥж‫ف‬ѱऋⲺ᭱ᬀ㘻Ⱦ‫܅‬ਚ% JRELHV ᡌ㘻 EOHQQLHV䛙⁙Ⲻቅ冐θ⢯࡛ᱥ൞⋏ᓋቻօⲺつ五θ䙐ᑮу ൞㻡᭱ᬀⲺㇺൃ‫ޝ‬Ⱦ㣧ൈ剱 :RUPILVKHV ૂެԌቅ冐ਥ㜳 ᴿާᆎⲺஅ亂θ᮪儊р⮬3VHXGDQWKLDVу᝕ࡦ㻡့㜻ᱸθ

*URXSHU ȽཝⲺ⎭劊剱 0RUD\ HHO ԛ਀㹃ᆆ冐 ္​္冐

6FRUSLRQ ILVK ቧ៿䂨ⴗ䠅䚵‫␭ރ‬佀൞ж䎭θഖ⛰3VHX GDQWKLDVж㡢䓡ශ䔹ቅθ䴙‫ރ‬ᴹᡆ⛰⢖‫Ⲻه‬ᘡ但Ⱦ ൞≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬3VHXGDQWKLDV㢥ླⲺՏժऻᤢᴿ ‫و‬ੀ 6XU JHRQILVK Ƚ㶬冐 %XWWHUIO\ILVK Ƚཝශૂ‫⾔݈ׅ‬ԏ冐 GZDUI $QJHOILVK ૂ൞⋏ᓀруའ⍱䓃Ⲻ冐五ȾެԌቅශ ⍱䓃஺⑮Ⲻ冐ྸ &LUUKLODEUXVᡌ0DFURSKDU\QJRGRQҕ ਥԛᡆࣕ␭佀൞ᴿ䏩བグ䯉਀䳧㰅փ㖤Ⲻ≪ᰅ㇧θਜཌ᱉ ਍傐ಽⲺ冐五θྸ䲼乣冐Ƚ䳶〇 3DUDFKHLOLQXV ਥഖ਍ࡦ 3VHXGDQWKLDVⲺ့ಽ㙂ᗔ≪ᰅ㇧䐩࠰ּ㙂↱ӗȾ 䂩᛻䄁৹䯧 ൞ㅢ 丷3VHXGDQWKLDV ILVKⲺ޲ᇯᙝൌ㺞

ᱥуᴹ⨼ᴹ≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺެԌ冐五Ⱦ⮬❬Ĉ့㜻Ĉу௤ᱥ᤽ᴪ

ਥ〱ऋⲺ❗㝀ὄऋ⢟ྸ⎭৹Ƚ⎭᱕Ƚ⎭㟳਀ཝཐᮮⲺ␻▊

ཝⲺ冐θҕऻᤢ൞≪ᰅ㇧‫Ⲻੂ⴮⭞֊ޝ‬փ㖤ᡌ㘻ᱥᴿ⴮ੂ

㶜五ҕਥԛ㠽3VHXGDQWKLDVާᆎȾу䚄ҕᴿׁཌⲺθᴿӑ

ᦋ伕㘈យⲺ冐五Ⱦྸ᷒3VHXGDQWKLDV᝕ࡦ਍့㜻θׁྸж

ኢ␻▊五Ⲻቅ㶜ᡌжӑᴪቅශⲺ␻▊㶜ቧਥ㜳ᴹᴿ㻡᮪䳱

ồ䮹‫⟾ݿ‬䲼乣冐 䮭㗻䳶 )ODVKHU :UDVVH ↙൞䘡䘇⡣਌

ਹᦿⲺধ䳠ҼȾ䄌ᇬᰅּ䃠θሜ䳑р3VHXGDQWKLDVኢ࠼剣〇

伕⢟ᱸθ3VHXGDQWKLDVቧᴹ䏞ࢃ֒偻䏋Ⱦਜжᯯ䶘θཝⲺ

*URXSHU IDPLO\ θഖ↚ᡇ‫៿ه‬㘹ឤࡦ⢖‫ه‬䓡ශ䴌ቅռҕ

㚿伕冐五ྸ ⥻ᆆ冐 /LRQILVK ȽᴪཝⲺ剣〇冐 ⸩ᯇ冐

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ޭᴿᦋ伕ᙝθਜཌ䛙ӑരᇐⲺ❗㝀ὄऋ⢟θ䜳уᴹᴿধ䳠

ⲺȾ 佫伲3VHXGDQWKLDVਥ֒ж᮪儊рⲺᾸᤢ ā ⢖‫ه‬䜳ᱥ☴伕 ਥ֒ж᮪儊рⲺᾸᤢ ā ⢖‫ه‬䜳ᱥ☴伕

佀 㠩 ồⲺ3VHXGDQWKLDV䴂冐θ֖ ៿䂨㘹ឤж‫ف‬ ‫ف‬ᴶቅ ᴶቅᇯ䠅 ᇯ䠅⛰ ࣖ‫׌‬ ᇯ䠅 ៿䂨㘹ឤж‫ف‬ᴶቅᇯ䠅⛰ ࣖ‫׌‬

ᙝ冐五θќъᱥᖾच࣑ᦋ伕㘻θ च࣑ᦋ伕㘻θ䲚Ҽᴿжӑ ӑ つ五ᱥᖾ䴙䕿䇀⛰ਹӰᐛ伲ᯏཌθ ਹӰᐛ伲ᯏཌθެᆹ ҕ៿䂨ਥԛ䚟៿ᐸ๪рⲺ冐㌝θ ๪рⲺ冐㌝θྸᙛ ࠃ 䀙ࠃҼᡌ㘻ࠃᒨⲺ㌖㶜 ∑㶜 つ Ⲻ㌖㶜 ∑㶜 つ 五 0\VLV ⛰ѱ㾷伕⢟θ ⢟θ䙏ӑᐨ䏩བ ㏣ᤷ3VHXGDQWKLDVⲺ‫ڛ‬ᓭθ Ⲻ‫ڛ‬ᓭθռཐ 3 SOHXURWDHQLD 䳺ᙝ

䇀ौⲺ伕⢟ᱥᴹᒡࣟؓᤷ⢖‫ه‬ ࣟؓᤷ⢖‫ه‬ ‫ه‬

≪ Ⲻ≪

Ⲻ亅㢨凤㢭Ⱦ⢖‫ه‬䶔ᑮ௒↗ 䶔ᑮ௒↗ 乆ࣖ⠕佀Ⲻ䊆ᒪ㶜 EULQH EULQH

ᰅ㇧֒⛰䯁

VKULPS ᡌ㘻㌻㸨 EORRG ORRG

ခȾቧ‫ف‬Ӱּ 䃠θᡇᴿж‫ ف‬㤧

ZRUPV θ䙏㜳֒⛰ᕋ⢖ ᕋ⢖

ተ䮭θ≪䠅䚊 ࣖ‫≪Ⲻ׌‬ᰅ

‫ه‬䯁ਙⲺ伕⢟θមម൦θ ម൦θ

㇧ ռԃⲲ㿰уᱥᖾ䏩བৱ‫ב‬⢖‫ه‬ж㗚冐 ㇧θ

ᴿ伕 ֖ᣋ‫≪ޛ‬ᰅ㇧Ⲻᡶᴿ伕 ԌળⲺ ⢟θऻᤢ੡䊆ሂ㏣ԌળⲺ

਀ެԌつ五Ⲻ冐ৱቻօȾ֖㾷⸛䚉θж ਀ެԌつ五Ⲻ冐ৱቻօȾ

Vᒴ҄ҕᴹ᧛ Ҵ㌝θ3VHXGDQWKLDVᒴ҄ҕᴹ᧛

㗚3VHXGDQWKLDVሽᡆ⛰≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺ❜ 㗚3VHXGDQWKLDVሽᡆ⛰≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺ❜

⢟㎜3VHXGDQWKLDVθᱥ伲佀$QWKLLQDHⲺ ਍Ⱦᨆ‫ב‬䏩བⲺ伕⢟㎜3VHXGDQWKLDVθ

唔θᴿжᵢ൦≪ᰅᝑླ㘻᫷ᴿж‫ ف‬ተ 唔θ

‫و‬ੀ 6 IL K 䴶㾷⑮㿉ᖾ䚖䐓䴘 ᴶཝ䳒⽏Ⱦ൞䠄ཌθ‫و‬ੀ 6XUJHRQILVK 䴶㾷⑮㿉ᖾ䚖䐓䴘

ተ ተ ≪䠅䚊 ࣖ‫≪⼷⪐⨀Ⲻ׌‬ᰅ㇧θ ≪䠅䚊 ࣖ‫≪⼷⪐⨀Ⲻ׌‬ᰅ㇧ ⮬ѣⲺж㗚 ⮬ѣⲺ 㗚 [ ተ[ ተθ

ּ㿉伕θռ3VHXGDQWKLDV঱уж⁙θ⢖‫ه‬ਠ൞䚟⮬Ⲻփ㖤⑮

3VHXGDQWKLDVቧᡆ⛰‫ޞ‬㕮Ⲻ❜唔ҼȾ

ऋ‫׵‬㜳ਹࡦཝ䠅Ⲻ伕⢟χռഖ⢖‫ه‬䴶㏉ᑮ㏣ᤷ⑮ऋθᡶԛ໔

⍷ԛ⁗Ե㠠❬Ⲻ⫦ູθ䙏⁙㜳໔ࣖ冐Ⲻ᯦䲩ԙ䅓⦽χᴶቅ∅

૷つ䃃⸛

䃠ĈᴶቅĈθռ ཟ‫֒⅗ޟ‬ቅ䠅Ⲻ佫伲ᢃ㜳ؓᤷ⢖‫Ⲻه‬儊䠃θ䴌䃠Ĉ

ᡶᴿⲺ3VHXGDQWKLDV૷つ䜳㻡䃃⛰ᱥᖾᴿ੮ᕋ࣑Ⲻθഖ⛰

ਠᱥ‫⅗ޟ‬ཝ䠅 ሜ䳑∅ཟᒩൽᇐᱸӊࡦ‫Ⲻ⅗ޣ‬ቅ䠅佫伕θ∊䔹ਠᱥ‫⅗ޟ‬ཝ䠅

ཝཐᮮҕᴿެ⦞⢯Ⲻ㢨ᖟθ䴌❬жӑつ五∊ެԌᴪ⛰凤㢭θ

Ⲻ佫伕ᴪ㜳ֵ冐‫ڛވ‬ᓭ਀ؓᤷެ凤㢭Ⲻ亅㢨Ⱦᴶกᜩռу

ռ⋈ᴿж‫ف‬3VHXGDQWKLDVⲺつ五ᱥуᜯӰᗹऋⲺȾਥᜒќ

θԛ㜳уᯭ൦ ᱥᗻ䴶Ⲻθቧᱥᴿжᡆ⟕Ⲻ㥿㕮䙙᧛р≪ᰅ㇧θ

䶔‫ޞ‬䜞つ五䜳ਾ䚟伲佀᯲ᇬ㼗Ⲻ≪ᰅ㇧θ൞3VHXGDQWKLDV

ᨆ‫ב‬⍱⭕⭕Ⲻ㠠❬伕⢟㎜3VHXGDQWKLDVȾ

ኢ五㼗ެሜᴿ㪍ᖾཐⲺ૷つθ ኢ五㼗ެሜᴿ㪍ᖾ ᖾཐⲺ ཐⲺ૷つθռ ռԚӰཧᵑⲺᱥθ ԚӰ Ӱཧᵑ ཧᵑⲺᱥ Ⲻ θཝ Ⲻᱥ ཝ䜞ԳӰ঱ 䜞ԳӰ঱

ࣖҼ䙙㓂൦䙨伕Ⲻ䴶≸Ⱦ൞≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬䴶㾷ᨆ‫ב‬䶔ᑮཝⲺ≪

འ䠃㾷θⴗ㇗ ⭞᯲伲佀3VHXGDQWKLDVⲺ≪ᰅ㇧儊ゃќуᱥའ䠃㾷θ

ሽ⢖‫ه‬у ሽ⢖‫ه‬уᯭੂ уᯭੂ ੂ

ཝ㌺Ⲻփ㖤θ θ ⢖‫ه‬ᱥ㏉ᑮ൞㕮ѣ⑮ऋθռެሜ䜳ਠᱥ‫⮏ڒ‬൞ཝ㌺Ⲻփ㖤θ ⢖‫ه‬ṯ ղ࣑҄࣠൦൞⑮ռᴶ㍸䚺ᱥ൞৕൦ж⁙θᡶԛ⢖‫ه‬ṯ 䎭伲佀 ᵢу䴶㾷འཝⲺグ䯉θ㠽ެԌੂኢ五Ⲻቅ冐ж䎭伲佀 ᴹॷ࠼ ൞ж‫ف‬㜳䋖㦭ެ儎᯦䲩ԙ䅓Ⲻቅශ≪ᰅ㇧θሽᴹॷ࠼ Vθж‫ف‬ ਾ䚟Ⱦྸ᷒ᡇ‫ه‬ਠᱥ伲佀௤жồ3VHXGDQWKLDVθ 㾷㠽ެԌ ⁏Ⓦ ࣖ‫≪Ⲻ׌‬ᰅ㇧ቧᐨ㏉䏩བҼȾу䚄θྸ㾷㠽ެԌ LDV ൞с ኢ五儊ශᴪཝⲺ冐ᡌᴪޭ‫⮛׫‬ᙝⲺ3VHXGDQWKLDV ൞с 佀ᱸθቧ㾷ཐ 䶘ᴹᴿᴪཐⲺᨅ䘦 θ৾ᡌᱥ㠽ཐồ䴂冐֒㗚佀ᱸθ ࣖ⮏ᗹȾ ׁθ‫ྸٽ‬ᜩ伲 ≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻཝቅሽ㠽֖ᢉ㇍伲佀Ⲻ冐䠅ᡆ↙∊ׁθ

3 EDUWOHWWRUXP 䳺ᙝ

FISH

25

ौȾ㚳䃠ᴶᲤ䚃ⲺᾸᘫᱥĈᡶᴿ$QWKLDV䜳ᱥ䴶㾷㗚佀Ĉ

䙏૷つⲺ䋽ᯏ㏒ਾҼ䙏‫ف‬ኢ五Ⲻж࠽Ⱦ֖ᴹ㏉ᑮⵁࡦᴿж

ᡌ㘻Ĉᡶᴿ$QWKLDVᱥᖾ䴙伲佀൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺĈθ䙏ӑ䜳у

ཝ㗚䎻䚄 ồ3VHXGDQWKLDVⲺ⴮⡽θ৕ഖᱥ/\UHWDLOV

ᱥⵕሜⲺȾ䪇᯲൞⎭⍁≪ᰅ⮂㼗θԃ❬で3VHXGDQWKLDV

௒↗ᰛ䯉⋵㪍⨀⪐⼷ፌ໷рॽⲺ≪⍷ѣᦋ伕Ⱦ/\UHWDLO

⛰$QWKLDVȾ䙏‫⛰ޛݾف‬ѱⲺ䃚䀙 ެሜᡶ᤽Ⲻኢ五ᱥ⭕

$QWKLDVᱥᵢ൦ᦋ冐㘻ᴶ௒ᝑᦋ⦨Ⲻж‫ف‬冐つȾ൞䠄ཌ䎻䚄

⍱൞ᇂ‫ޞ‬уੂⲺ≪ต θ❗⯇Ԛࡦ䙏‫⁗ف‬㌀ⲺᾸᘫ䇀ᗍᴪ

ᒴॹồᴹ䳼ѣ൞グᴖⲺ≪ต㼗θቻօ␧ᓜㇺൃ㏉ᑮ൞ 㤧

䥥Ⱦਜཌθቃ᯲3VHXGDQWKLDVኢ五θ㎋у៿䂨֒௤жⲺᾸ

ተ㠩 㤧ተҁ䯉θ/\UHWDLOV࠰⨴൞㌻⎭ࡦ◩⍨Ⲻ᯦঍့⡴

ᤢχ3VHXGDQWKLDV‫ޝ‬ཝ䜞ԳⲺӔኢ五ᱥਥ㻡㏒ਾⲺ ⌞ᝅέ

༡ᔙཝⲺ൦ॶȾ䴌❬൞䠄ཌᱥ㗚䳼Ⲻ冐θռ൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣⲺ঱

ਠᱥĈཝ䜞ԳĈ θ䙏ᴿࣟᡇቃ䔹ཝⲺኢ五֒࠰㍦࠼Ⱦ

ᖾቇԛཝ㗚֒䮭ᵕ伲佀θ䲚䶔≪ᰅ㇧ᇯ䠅ᴿᒴⲴࣖ‫׌‬ཝቅૂ

)UDQ]LDӔኢ五 ൞䙏)UDQ]LDӔኢ五ѣ֖ਥᢴࡦ᜗䵮Ⱦ)UDQ]LDѣਥ࠼⛰п‫ف‬ つ五θԌ‫ޞه‬䜞䜳ᱥቃ᯲ੂつᡌެԌ≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻ冐五੡ᴿ᭱ ᬀᙝⲺȾ䪇᯲Ӕኢ五ѣਠᴿп‫ف‬つ五θ൞䙏ᴿ䲆Ⲻつ五ᮮ䠅 䲆࡬Ҽ䇀つⲺぁᓜθᡶԛ⴮∊ެԌ‫فޟ‬Ӕኢ五θ)UDQ]LDਥ ֒ᴪⓌ⻰Ⲻ࠼᷆Ⱦ‫ݎ‬㇗⢖‫ه‬൞≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬ᴿ偻䏋ՏժⲺ㘈ᙝθ ռԌ‫ه‬঱ᱥ䔹ᇯ᱉伲佀Ⲻχ⮬⢖‫ه‬㜳㠽ެԌ冐五⴮㲋сּ ᗂθ⢖‫ه‬ሽᡆ⛰≪ᰅ㇧‫⨼ޝ‬ᜩⲺօᇘȾ㾷伲佀)UDQ]LDθ֖㾷 㘹ឤ≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻཝቅૂ㾷ᨆ‫ב‬䏩བⲺ㰅䓡㲋㎜ެԌ冐五Ⱦ⧟ ᇬ‫ه‬௒↗ਡ⢖‫⛰ه‬㰃⵲ሬ⸩ /\UHWDLO $QWKLDV θռᱥ冐五 ᆮᇬቧળ੃⛰3VHXGDQWKLDV VTXDPLSLQQLVȾ⧟ᇬж㡢ԛ

26

ᴿ‫ޡ‬ồᡌᴪཐⲺ䴂冐㠽жồ䳺冐֒㗚ቻȾ䙏つ㗚㍺ਥᣀּ㠠 ެԌ䳺冐Ⲻ᭱ᬀ࠼ᮙ൞冐㗚Ⲻ਺ᡆଗрθ䙏⁙᮪‫ف‬冐㗚ቧ уᇯ᱉㻡᭱⹪Ⱦռྸ᷒䂨冐㗚ᡆଗᖾቇθᴶᕧቅⲺ冐ᴹᡆ⛰ ཝᇬ᭱ᬀⲺⴤ⁏θ⴪㠩↱ӗȾ᧛㪍сжồᴶᕧⲺ冐ሽуᯭ㻡 偭᬴㠪↱θҁᗂуᯭ䠃㼽θ⴪ࡦਠ࢟с䳺冐⛰↘Ⱦռ䙏๪ᡦ ⡣у‫ۻ‬䲆᯲ሬ⸩冐Ⲻኢ五θ⭐㠩ެԌ☴伕ᙝⲺ冐五ҕᴹ਍ࡦ ⢳䙙Ⱦྸ֖᷒⊰ᇐሽ/\UHWDLO䳺冐㠽ቅ䲼乣冐␭佀Ⲻ䂧θ䛙 ቅ䲼乣冐ሽᴹуᯭ㻡偭᬴θᡶԛ֖䴶㾷ᨆ‫ב‬䁧ཐⲺ㰅䓡ҁ 㲋‫ב‬⢖䓨㰅Ⱦ‫݈ׅ‬ԏ亥❬㠽/\UHWDLOᴪ⴮㲋ᗍּθ/\UHWDLO ᖾ‫܅‬⢖Ⲻ䘇㿠ุ‫ݺ‬ᕕ3VHXGDQWKLDV KXFKWLLθᡆ冐䓡䮭ж 㡢уᴹ䎻䚄 㤧ሮθ伲佀3VHXGDQWKLDV KXFKWLLⲺᯯ⌋ҕ五

ղ᯲3VHXGDQWKLDV VTXDPLSLQQLVȾ 3VHXGDQWKLDV KXFKWLLᱥᖾ⍱▇Ⲻθᴶླ֒௤⦞Ⲻ$QWKLLQDH伲 佀ᡌԛж㍺ ồᡌᴪཐⲺᯯ⌋ּ伲佀θռᱥ䴶㾷ж‫ف‬䶔ᑮཝⲺ ≪ᰅ㇧θഖ↚ᡇ䚺ᱥᔰ䆦֒௤⦞伲佀੝Ⱦ൞䠄ཌ䙏‫ف‬つ五ᴹૂ 3 VTXDPLSLQQLVާ㲋θ䲚䶔֖ᴿж‫ف‬ᖾཝⲺ≪ᰅ㇧ּኋ⽰䙏ж㗚 3 VTXDPLSLQQLVθу❬䚺ᱥ࡛㠽Ա֋ެԌ$QWKLLQDH␭佀⛰࿏Ⱦ䙏‫ف‬ ⢯࡛Ⲻつ五ᖾቇ൞ 㤧ተ≪␧ԛс㻡ᢴࡦθഖ↚⢖ᱥ൞636⨀⪐≪ ᰅ㇧‫Ⲻޝ‬㋴䚮૷つχᑮ㿁᯲㨨ᗁ䌉਀দቲθࣖр௒↗൞␰≪ॶ‫ޝ‬ቻ օθᡶԛ‫ܯ‬Ṳ䔹⛰‫׵‬ᇒȾ

0LURODEULFKWK\VӔኢ五 ൞0LURODEULFKWK\VӔኢ五ѣਥ䄸ླ༔৹ঀθླⲺᯯ䶘ᱥ൞䙏‫ف‬Ӕ ኢ五Ⲻ冐ཝ䜞Գᱥуޭ‫⮛׫‬ᙝⲺθ㙂༔Ⲻᯯ䶘θቧᱥཝ䜞ԳⲺ冐ᖾ ᘡ‫׵‬ᴹ൞≪ᰅ㇧ѣ↱ӗȾ 3VHXGDQWKLDV EDUWOHWWRUXP ᡌで⛰ᐪ⢯㩀⢯ %DUWOHWW $QWK LDVθ⢖㠽ੂኢ五Ⲻཝ䜞Գ冐ᱥ⴮ਃⲺȾᇯ᱉伲佀਀㜳ᖾླ൦䚟៿≪ ᰅ㇧‫⭕Ⲻޝ‬⍱θ⢖ཟᙝླ兛θӜᴹ࣑࣠ؓ㺑㠠ᐧⲺᇬൈȾྸ֖᷒ᴴᴿ ᒮ൞๪ⴤᬀθ֖ᴹ傐䁓䙏ᢃп㤧ሮⲺቅ冐θㄕ❬㜳䙏⁙൦ᡦ兛ࡦᓋȾ 3 VTXDPLSLQQLV 䴂ᙝ

28

ഖ↚θ∅‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧ਠ㜳伲佀жồ䳺冐θ䲚䶔֖ᴿж‫ف‬ᮮⲴࣖ‫׌‬ᡌᴪ

3 VTXDPLSLQQLV 䳺ᙝ

3 KXFKWLL 䳺ᙝ

3 EDUWOHWWRUXP 䳺ᙝ

ཝⲺ≪ᰅ㇧Ⱦྸҁࢃᴴᨆ਀3VHXGDQWKLDVж⁙θжồ䳺冐 䞃ቃ‫ޡ‬ồᡌᴪཐⲺ䴂冐ᱥᴶ֩Ⲻ䞃ቃᯯ⌋Ⱦ䴌❬%DUWOHWW $QWKLDVу‫܅‬3VHXGDQWKLDV VTXDPLSLQQLV㡢㗚ቻθռ⢖‫ه‬ ⲺެԌ㘈ᙝᱥж⁙ⲺȾ௒↗␻▾Ⲻ≪䌠਀ᕭཝⲺ≪⍷θ൞⨀ ⪐⼷ፌ໷Ⲻ≪ตθᴹⲲ⨴䔹ቅශⲺ冐㗚θԛᮮồ䳺冐ૂཐ䚊 ồ䴂冐㍺ᡆȾ␧ᓜ䚊 㤧ተⲺ≪ตҕᴿ⢖‫Ⲻه‬䑠ᖧθ䙏 ‫ف‬つ五䳼ѣ൞ᒴ‫ف‬ጬᏲθ঩俢ⅽ⡴ጬ 0DUVKDOO ,VODQGV ૂ 㐐ጬ /LQH ,VODQGV Ⱦ3VHXGDQWKLDV GLVSDU൞0LUR ODEULFKWK\VӔኢ五ѣᱥᱥᴶޮශⲺжつθ⢖‫ه‬㠽≪ᰅ㇧ѣ ެԌླ兛Ⲻ冐五ᱥ⴮㲋уּⲺθഖ↚䴶㾷ж‫ف‬䔹⛰ም䶒Ⲻ ≪ᰅ㇧θᗔ≪ᰅᓍ㡌䌲䋭ഔּⲺж㡢ҕуᱥའ‫ڛ‬༥Ⱦྸ᷒

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3 GLVSDU 䳺ᙝ

3 SDVFDOXV 䳺ᙝ਀䴂ᙝ

֖䚺ᱥᑂᵑ్䂜жсθ៿䂨䚮᫽ᒴồ␭佀൞ж䎭θ䚵‫ރ‬௤ж

ồ䳺冐䞃ਾཐồ䴂冐ާ佀਀∅ཟ֒ཐ⅗佫伕ᱥᴶ⨼ᜩⲺᯯ

⦞佀Ⱦഖ⛰⢖‫ه‬ᖾቇ൞ 㤧ተ≪␧㻡Ⲳ⨴θ㙂ཐቻ᯲൞ 㤧

⌋Ⱦ䴂冐Ⲻ㗚儊ѣθਥԛ్䂜ࣖ‫ޛ‬ᮮồ3VHXGDQWKLDV WXND

ተ␧ᓜҁрθᡶԛ⢖‫ه‬ᱥ൞⸩⨀⪐ 636 ≪ᰅ㇧ж‫Ⲻླف‬䚮

␭佀θ⢖ᱥᾫ᧛䘇Ⲻつ五Ⱦྸ᷒ᜩᴪ䊆ሂⲺ䂧θਥ్䂜ࣖ‫ޛ‬

᫽Ⱦ

+RSORODWLOXV VWDUFNLθ⢖‫ه‬㠽3VHXGDQWKLDV SDVFDOXVᱥ

ᆿ㾵ᯥ⧁੄ ㍡੄ 4XHHQ $QWKLDV ᱥᾫެ㗄响Ⲻ冐θ⢖

ᾫ⛰⴮ղⲺȾ

ᱥཝශⲺ3VHXGDQWKLDVθᡆ冐㑳䮭ᓜ䚊ࡦᐤуཐ 㤧ሮȾ᤿

3VHXGDQWKLDVӔኢ五

➝䁎䤺θ冐五ᆮᇬૂж㡢⧟ᇬ䜳ԛ᣿з੃ᆍ3VHXGDQWKLDV

ᡇᴶᗂ㾷䁄䄌Ⲻ3VHXGDQWKLDVӔኢ五ᱥ3VHXGDQWKLDV

SDVFDOXV⛰⢖ળ੃Ⱦѱ㾷⭧᯲⢖‫ه‬ਥ൞␰≪ॶᦋ⦨ૂ൞

SOHXURWDHQLDθԚӰ䚰៴Ⲻᱥθ㠩Ԁ䚺⋈ᴿԱ֋䰒᯲䙏‫ف‬Ӕ

൦⨼рᔙ⌑Ⲻ࠼վθᡶԛ⢖‫Ⲻه‬୤‫ܯ‬ᱥ䶔ᑮ‫׵‬ᇒⲺȾদቲ

ኢ五Ⲻ᱄⻰᤽ᕋȾ䙏ᱥж‫⮬⴮ف‬ཝӔኢ五θ㙂ъᴿᖾཐ䇀つ

,QGRQHVLD θ⌋ኢ⌘࡟ቲ )UHQFK 3RO\QHVLD θᰛᵢ -D

Ⲻ᛻⋷࠰⨴Ⱦ3VHXGDQWKLDV SOHXURWDHQLDⲺ䳺冐൞⢖Ⲻ

SDQ θ◩⍨ཝ๗⼷ *UHDW %DUULHU 5HHI θ᯦ஶ㼗ཐቲӔጬ

䓡儊ѣཤᴿж‫ف‬ᖾ⢯࡛Ⲻ㊿㌻㢨↙ᯯᖘൌṾθഖ↚㻡で⛰

1HZ &DOHGRQLD ૂ㰽᣿့㾵ጬ 6XODZHVL ≪ต‫ޝ‬䜳ᴿཝ䠅

ᯯ唔ᆿ㾵ᯥ ᯯṲ ㍡দ 6TXDUHVSRW $QWKLDV Ⱦ㙂䴂冐ࡽ

Ⲻ3VHXGDQWKLDV SDVFDOXVȾ䴌❬䙏ồ冐ᴴ㏉൞ 㤧ተ≪

⋈ᴿ䙏‫ف‬䁎䃃θᡶԛ㏉ᑮ㠽ެԌᒴ‫ف‬ኢ五Ⲻつ五␭⏼θᴶᑮ

␧㻡Ⲳ⨴䚄θռ൞≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬伲佀Ⲻθж㡢ҕᱥᗔ 㤧ተᡌᴪ

㻡䃚䃃Ⲻᱥ3VHXGDQWKLDV VKHQLȾ㑳ᤢּ䃠θ⢖‫ه‬ᱥᖾ㋍

␰Ⲻ≪␧㻡ᦋ⦨Ⱦ⢖‫ه‬Ფ䚃௒↗ቻօ᯲⨀⪐⼷ፌ໷㠩␰≪

⭕Ⲻθ䚟ਾ伲佀᯲≪ᰅ㇧‫ޝ‬θռഖ⢖‫ه‬ᱥ␧≪つ五θᡶԛ䴶

ॶตθഖ⛰䛙‫ވ‬ᴿᕭཝⲺ≪⍷θ㙂⢖‫ه‬ᴹᡆ㗚ᗎᗀ൞≪⍷ࢃ

㾷ᖾ䮭Ⲻᱸ䯉ּ䚟៿≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻ⟾‫ݿ‬Ⱦᡇᔰ䆦൞∅‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧

㿉伕θᡶԛ䶒↘уऋⲺ≪ᱥᇂ‫ޞ‬у䚟ਾ⢖‫Ⲻه‬Ⱦ㾷൞≪ᰅ㇧

៿ਠ伲佀жồθ䲚䶔ᡇ‫ه‬ᴿж‫ف‬䶔ᑮཝⲺ≪ᰅ㇧χ൞ެԌᯯ

‫ޝ‬伲佀θԚ⢖‫ه‬䯁ਙ䙨伕ᱥ俌㾷ⲺԱएθഖ⛰⢖‫ه‬ཝཐᮮ䜳

䶘θะᵢр伲佀ᯯ⌋䐕ެԌつ五Ⲻሬ⸩䶔ᑮ⴮ղȾ

ᱥᤈ㎋䙨伕Ӱᐛ伲ᯏⲺθᡶԛ伲佀⢖‫ه‬䴙ᓜᱥᾫ儎ⲺȾԛж

3 SOHXURWDHQLD 䳺ᙝ

30

3 SOHXURWDHQLD 䴂ᙝ

Pseudanthias ⴮ᇯᙝൌ㺞

可以 共處

魚類 侏儒神仙魚 大型神仙魚 寶石

(Angels, Dwarf) (Angels, Large)

燕尾鮗

X

(Assessors)

(Batfish)

(Blennies) (Boxfishes)

(Butterflies)

細條天竺鯛

或可 共處

不可 共處

備註

殘魚

蚌 雙殼貝類 蝸牛類 裸鰓類 / 海牛 (Clams)

(Bivalves)

(Snails)

(Nudibranchs)

應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處

X X X X

(Sea Slugs)

X 蝦

(Shrimp)

蟹 龍蝦 海参 海膽 海星 海綿 / 海鞘 海羽 / 管蟲 剛毛蟲 硬體珊瑚 軟體珊瑚 (Crabs)

(Lobsters)

(Cucumbers) (Urchins)

(Starfish)

(Sponge)

大部份蝦都可良好相處 但小型觀賞蝦如 : Thor amboinensis 就會有危險

X X X X X X

應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處

X

應可良好相處

X X X

應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 有些海葵會吃掉 Pseudanthias 種類

(Tunicates)

(Feather)

(Fan worms) (Bristleworms) (Hard Corals) (Soft Corals)

X 海葵

(Sea Anemones)

(Cowfish)

(Dottybacks) (Dragonets)

應可良好相處 應可良好相處, 彗星魚會在白天幚藏 應可良好相處 雀鯛會變得很具侵略牲

X X

(Drums)

X

河豚 躄魚 山羊魚 鰕虎魚 Grammas 石班魚 Hamlets (Filefish)

X X

(Frogfish)

(Goatfish)

X X

(Gobies)

X X X

(Groupers)

鷹魚

應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 小的鰻魚可以, 但大的則要避免

X X X

(Eels)

X (Hawkfish)

大咀魚 獅子魚 鸚鵡魚 松球魚

X (Jawfish)

X

(Lionfish) (Parrotfish)

(Pineapple Fish)

海龍 河氨 狐狸魚 鯽魚 石狗公 海馬 笛鯛 肥皂魚 天竺鯛 Spinecheeks 金毿魚 倒吊 Sweetlips

X X X

(Pipefish) (Puffers)

(Rabbitfish)

ିਔ ਰ঱ਚഔ৓૮ᏢჇ৿੟ช૭ᷟ3VHXGDQWKLDVਮ஀ৼᗘ ሇ ౤૭ચ଻શષரᖏથਂ৊ ૦৮੔੿വੰྜਸো਷ఔຢর 岞

X X

(Damsels)

擬雀鯛 麒麟魚 石首魚 鰻魚

應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處, 但細條天竺鯛會經常 幚藏及細條天竺鯛要先加入水族箱中

(Comet)

牛角箱氨 雀殃

X X X X X X (Cardinals)

(Catfish)

彗星魚

(Sand Perches)

X X X X X X X X

(Scorpionfish)

(Seahorses)

(Snappers)

(Soapfishes) (Soldierfish)

X

(Squirrelfish)

(Surgeonfish)

鴛鴦魚 蟾魚

X X X

(Tilefish)

X

(Toadfish)

X

炮彈魚

(Triggerfish)

濟公魚

(Waspfish)

隆頭魚

(Wrasses)

備註 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 需按品種而定 應可良好相處, 但Assessor會經常 幚藏及Asseror要先加入水族箱中

X

(Basses)

可以 共處

不可 共處

X X

(Anthias)

鱸魚 蝙蝠魚 鮎魚 箱氨 蝶魚

無脊椎動物

或可 共處

X X

應可良好相處 會吃掉寶石 應可良好相處 應可與翻沙的品種相處良好 應可良好相處 會吃掉寶石 會吃掉寶石 小的鷹魚是可以的, 但大的會作追趕及攻擊 應可良好相處, 先把大咀魚放入水族箱中及讓其適應 會吃掉寶石 應可良好相處 應可良好相處, 松球魚會在白天幚藏 最好作單獨飼養 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 應可良好相處 會吃掉寶石 最好作單獨飼養 會吃掉寶石 會吃掉寶石 會吃掉寶石 應可良好相處 會吃掉寶石 應可良好相處 會吃掉寶石 應可良好相處, 先把鴛鴦魚放入水族箱中及讓其適應 會吃掉寶石 視乎個別炮彈魚而定 應可良好相處 大部份應可良好相處, 但要避免 閃電隆頭魚

ିਔ ਰ঱ਚഔ৓ຂரช૭ᷟ3VHXGDQWKLDVਮ஀ৼᗘ ሇ౤૭ચ଻શષரᖏ થਂ৊ ૦৮੔੿വੰྜਸো਷ఔຢর થᓰຂரᡳ೏૔ਲஞরেણᅶ૓঳ᓰ ৱ஥਷ఔఎ஀঻੿༩ു 岞 3 VTXDPLSLQQLV 䳺ᙝ

32

㑳 ㎆ ᡇ‫ه‬㘱䆥⢖⛰ć‫ٽ‬冐ĈθⲼഖ⢖䛙㨥响Ⲻ亅㢨θਥⵕᱥ⎭ѣⲺሬ⸩ ઘȾ3VHXGDQWKLDV つ五䴌❬ཌ㺞㢭响ռ୤‫ܯ‬঱ᱥ୼⴮ᇒθ঩ֵቃ᯲ ࡓ佀㘻㙂䀶θਠ㾷ᚿᗹ➝亝θҕᖾᇯ᱉伲佀Ⱦቃ᯲жӑ䋽␧Ⲻ⧟ᇬθ ਥ్䂜᥇ᡦжӑ䔹䴙Ⲻ૷つθ㤛֖䋖ᬊᗍ䎭Ⲻ䂧θ֖ᡌ䁧ਥԛᢴࡦж ӑ〶ᴿ૷つ֒伲佀Ⱦ㑳ᤢּ䃠θሬ⸩ 3VHXGDQWKLDV ਥ䃠ᱥ䚟ਾ਺䳄 ኚⲺ≪ᰅᝑླ㘻Ⱦ 䋽 ᯏ ּ Ⓠ 3 VTXDPLSLQQLV -Baldwin, C. C. 1990. Morphology of the larvae of American Anthiinae (Teleostei: Serranidae), with comments on relationships within the subfamily. Copeia 913-955.

-Bleeker, P. 1871-76. Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néêrlandaises, publié sous les auspices du Gouvernement colonial néêrlandais. Tome VII. Percoides I, Priacanthiformes, Serraniformes, Grammisteiformes, Percaeformes, Datniaeformes. Atlas Ichthyol. v. 7 1-126.

-Fishelson, L. 1970. Protogynous sex reversal in the fish Anthias squamipinnis (Teleostei, Anthiidae) regulated by the presence or absence of a male fish. Nature 227: 90-91.

-Heemstra, P. C. and Randall, J. E. 1999. Family Serranidae. In: Carpenter, K. E. and Niem, V. E. 1999. Species identification guide for fisheries purposes. The living marine resources of the western central Pacific. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). FAO, Rome. iii-v; 2069-2790.

-Herre, A. W. C. T. 1927. A new genus and three new species of Philippine fishes. Philipp. J. Sci. 413-419.

-Jordan, D. S. and W. F. Thompson. 1914. Record of the fishes obtained in Japan in 1911. Mem. Carnegie Mus. v. 6 (no. 4): 205-313, Pls. 24-42.

-Kamohara, T. 1954. Eleven additions to the fish fauna of Prov. Tosa, including one new species of the family Serranidae. Res. Rep. Kôchi Univ. 1-6.

-Katayama, M. and Amaoka, K. 1986. Two new anthiine fishes form the eastern tropical Pacific. Jpn. J. Ichthyol. 213-222.

-Kendall, A. W., Jr. 1984. Serranidae: development and relationships. In: H. G. Moser et al., eds. Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. Am. Soc. Ichthyol. Herpetol. Spec. Publ. No. 1: 499510.

-Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis.

Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Nat. ed. 10 i-ii + 1-824.

-Masuda, H., Amaoka, K. and C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai Univ. Press. Fish. Japanese Arch. Text: i-xxii + 1-437.

-Peters, W. C. H. 1855. Übersicht der in Mossambique beobachteten Seefische. Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 428-466.

-Popper, D. and Fishelson, L. 1973. Ecology and behavior of Anthias squamipinnis (Peters, 1855) (Anthiidae, Teleostei) in the coral habitat of Eilat (Red Sea). Jour. ?Exp. Zool. 184(3): 409423.

-Randall, J. E. and Hutomo, M. 1988. Redescription of the Indo-Pacific serranid fish *Pseudanthias bimaculatus* (Smith). Copeia 669-673.

-Randall, J. E. and Allen, G. R. 1989. Pseudanthias sheni, a new serranid fish from Rowley Shoals and Scott Reef, Western Australia. Rev. Fr. Aquariol. 73-78.

-Randall, J. E., Allen, G. R. and and R. C. Steene 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. Crawford House Press. Fishes Great Barrier Reef 1-507.

-Whitlet, G.P. 1964. Fishes from the Coral Sea and Swain Reefs. Rec. Austral. Mus. 26(5): 145-195.

FISH

33

EDUCATION Madeleine King

ẻ ഖ 㺙 䱵 㨥 ѣ ཤ ཝ ᆮ Ⲻ ≪ ᰅ ṗ ൈ

൞㗄ുᗍẻഖ㺙䱵㨥ѣཤཝᆮ儎ѣ䜞Ⲻ⎭⍁⭕⢟ᆮૂ≪

ᰅ〇ᆮ㌱ѣθᴿж‫ف‬⢯࡛Ⲻᮏᆮⴤ⁏θቧᱥֵᒪ䶈Ӱᚘᗟቃ ≪ᰅⲺ㠾䏙Ⱦࠧ١ঐ༡ 'U .DUHQ 6WLOHV ൞ ᒪࢃቧᐨ㏉ 䯁ခ࡟⭞ж‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧ૂ ‫ف‬ᆮ⭕䙨㺂䙏主䀾ࢹȾᱸ㠩Ԁᰛθ ᐨ㏉ᴿ䎻䚄 ‫ف‬ᆮ⭕৹㠽䚄䙏主䀾ࢹθԌ‫ه‬㾷ੂᱸ㏣ᤷཐ ‫≪≪⎭ف‬ᰅ㇧θެ㑳≪ᇯ䠅儎䚊 ࣖ‫׌‬Ⱦ䙏主䀾ࢹⲺⴤ ⁏ެሜᖾ㉗௤φ㎜ᆮ⭕ᔰ䙖ж‫ف‬㜳䇉Ԍ‫⭕ه‬ऋ൦Ҽ䀙ࡦ⎭ ⍁⭕⢟Ⲻ⫦ູθќъ䇉Ԍ‫ه‬䃃䆎ࡦ䛙ӑ⭕⢟Ⲻ਺つ⭕⍱⁗ ᕅȾᮏᑡ‫ه‬ҕᴹ䙅䚄ᣀ਺五ᐛ֒⦞㄁࠼䞃㎜∅‫ف‬ᆮ⭕ּฯ 佀Ԍ‫⦞Ⲻه‬㄁ᙝȾഖ↚θ൞䙏主䀾ࢹѣθᮏᑡ㠽ᆮ⭕Ⲻ䀈㢨 ᰘᱥ᤽ᨤ৾ᱥ䳀ଗȾ᮪‫ف‬䜞䮶࠼ᡆ‫⎭ ࡛㍺فޟ‬⍁⭕⢟ᆮ ૂ≪ᰅ〇ᆮθᆮ⭕ਥԛ㠠⭧䚮᫽৹ࣖ‫࡛ف‬ᡌ‫ޞ‬䜞㍺࡛Ⱦᆮ⭕ ᒪ喗䙐ᑮᱥ㉗҄ 㠩 ↨θ⮬ѣҕᴹᴿᮮ੃ּ㠠ᗍẻഖ⽴ॶ ሾрᆮ䲘Ⲻжӑཌּᆮ⭕Ⱦᗔ⨀⪐ૂ刀冐䀙ࢌᆮθࡦ≪䌠ԛ 㠩⯴⯻᧝࡬θ䙏䀾ࢹ䜳㎜㠽ᆮ⭕ሜ䑆ૂᆮ㘈Ⲻₕᴹθќᡆ⛰ ެѣᆮૂཝሾⲺᆮ࠼䃨ぁȾ 䃨ᇚ‫ޝ‬ᴿ䎻䚄 ‫਺ف‬ᕅ਺⁙Ⲻ≪ᰅ㇧θ⮬ѣऻᤢ ‫⪐⨀ف‬ ≪ᰅ㇧θж‫Ⲻ׌ࣖ ف‬刀冐≪ᰅ㇧θж‫Ⲻ׌ࣖ ف‬凼 冐 冊兲冐 ≪ᰅ㇧ૂਜཌ‫≪Ⲻ׌ࣖ فޟ‬ᰅ㇧Ⱦެѣж‫ف‬

34

ࣖ‫≪Ⲻ׌‬ᰅ㇧ᱥ⭞֒伲佀ཝශ⎭≪冐θ㙂ਜж‫֒⭞ࡽف‬ 伲佀⨀⪐Ⱦᴶ䘇θᡇ‫ه‬ᣀެѣж‫≪⪐⨀ف‬ᰅ㇧䁣䀾ᡆ⛰ж‫ف‬ 䔹⛰⫦ؓⲺ≪ᰅ㇧θ൞ެѣⲺਠᴹ伲佀жӑӰᐛ㑷⇌Ⲻ冐਀ ⨀⪐Ⱦ 䙏ᡵ䯉‫ޝ‬ҕሽᴹࣖ໔ж‫Ⲻ׌ࣖ ف‬ᴾӤ≪∃Ⲻฯ㛨≪ᰅ ㇧θ䇉ᆮ⭕ּᆮ㘈㑷⇌≪∃θᑂᵑ㜳⭞֒‫ב‬㎜਺ཝ≪ᰅ佞֒ 㿶䌔ҁ⭞Ⱦ䙏主䀾ࢹҕऻᤢቅч冐Ⲻ㑷⇌θ൞ж‫⦞ف‬㄁Ⲻᡵ 䯉ѣθᐨ㏉㛨ᴿ㌺ ቃቅч冐Ⱦᆮ⭕‫ه‬䴶㾷൞ржኚⲺ‫≪ݨ‬ 㕮ᡵ‫ޝ‬θ⭞ᐨ␞ौⲺ52≪㠠㺂䯁咳≪θ❬ᗂ࡟⭞൦ᗹ੮࣑θ ‫≪ݨ‬㇧‫≪Ⲻޝ‬ቧਥ⍷㏉ᐨ乆‫᧛ݾ‬俷ླⲺ≪㇗θᗔр䶘䕮䘷ࡦ ਺‫≪ف‬ᰅ㇧ѣ֒ᨑ≪਀⭞52≪֒␗≪Ⲻ㼒‫ݻ‬Ⱦ ⭧ࠧ١ঐ༡ԱᮏⲺ⎭⍁⭕⢟ᆮ䃨ุθᱥ䳼ѣ᯲⎭⍁ऋ⢟Ⲻ⹊ ガૂ⎭⍁⫦ູ਀⭕ខᆮȾᆮ⭕Ⲻр䃨ᱸ䯉࠼⛰㏣䆭≪ᰅ㇧Ƚ ൞䃨ᇚ㼗рุૂ䀙ࢌ⭕⢟Ⲻሜ傍Ⱦ൞䃨ุѣθᆮ⭕ᴹ㻡ည⍴ ቃ᤽ᇐⲺ≪ᰅ㇧֒㏣䆭Ⱦ൞䙏жᒪѣθԌ‫ه‬ᴹ䕠⍷䋖䋢਺‫ف‬ ≪ᰅ㇧θ䙅䚄ᚿᗹ➝ᯏ䙏ӑ≪ᰅ㇧ૂ⎭⍁⭕⢟θᆮ⭕‫׵‬㜳ᧂ ᨗࡦḆᒴ‫૷ف‬つⲺ㎆ ԛ਀ެะᵢⲺ⭕⢟㌱㎧⸛䆎Ⱦᆮ⭕ ҕ㾷ᆮᴹྸ֋࠼䗞਺つ⎭≪冐Ƚ⨀⪐ૂެԌⲺ⭕⢟੃ᆍ਀ެ ࠼五Ⱦ

ṗൈⲺ⎭⍁⭕⢟ሜ傍ᇚ

EDUCATION

35

䃨ᇚᴿ ‫≪⪐⨀ف‬ᰅ㇧⭞֒⛰㑷⇌⨀⪐

൞䃨ᇚрኚ⛰52ૂ⎭≪‫ݨ‬ᆎ㕮

ࠧ١ঐ༡ 'U 6WLOHV 䴌❬ᱥж੃㏉傍䊆ሂⲺ⎭⍁⭕⢟ᆮ ᇬθռྯԃᴹᮏྯⲺᆮ⭕䰒᯲⎭⍁⭕⢟Ⲻะᵢ⸛䆎ȾԌ‫ه‬ᴹ ൞䱺䘇Ⲻж‫ف‬⒌֒⛰ᵕ‫ޟ‬ઞⲺ㡠㺂θ⛰Ⲻᱥᆮ㘈਺つ੃䂔਀ 㺉䃔θ丼‫׵‬ҕਥᆮ㘈жс㡠⎭Ⲻ⸛䆎θԌ‫ه‬ᴪᴿₕᴹᗔ䙏㼗 ᗍࡦжᕫ㡠⎭䁧ਥ䅿Ⱦࠧ١ঐ༡ 'U 6WLOHV ᴹ㪍䠃ᮏྯⲺ ᆮ⭕ᴿ䰒ᴶ᯦Ⲻь⮂⫦ູ⣶ខቃ⎭⍁ૂ⨀⪐⼷Ⲻᖧ丵Ⱦ൞ 䃨ぁᵡ⇫θᆮ⭕ᴪᴿₕᴹ൞਺つуੂⲺ⫦ູѣ᧛䀮ૂ➝ᯏᖾ ཐつ五Ⲻ⭕⢟Ⱦ ≪ᰅ〇ᆮ䃨ᱥ⭧〇‫ށ‬᚟ᐹ .LUN (PEUHH ԱᮏθԌԛᖶᱥж ੃≪ᰅᇬθᱥᴶ䘇ᢃࣖ‫⎭ޛ‬⍁⭕⢟ᆮ㌱ⲺȾԌᴹ䳼ѣ᯲⎭⍁ ᐛᾣᯯ䶘Ⲻᮏ㛨θะ᯲ԌⲺ㜂Ქθ᚟ᐹ‫⭕ݾ‬ᴹᮏᦾ਺つᴿ䰒 ⫦ູؓ䆭Ƚ⹊ガȽ᭯䙖ૂᔘ≪ᯯ䶘Ⲻᐛ֒ᢶᐝθԛ਀ᴿ䰒᯲ ┷ᾣȽ≪⭘佀⇌Ƚራ⢟䋵᱉ૂ≪ᰅ佞Ⲻ⴮䰒ᐛ֒Ⱦ㙂у‫ۻ‬ᱥ ਠ䳼ѣ᯲Ḇжᯯ䶘ⲺⲲኋθ᚟ᐹ‫⭕ݾ‬䚺㠪࣑ᮏቄᆮ⭕‫ه‬ᴿ䰒 ᯲ྸ֋਌ᗍ㚭փȽྸ֋ᤷ㓂ެᐛ֒Ⲻᯯ⌋θ⭐㠩⛰ᆮ⭕ᨆ‫ב‬ ൞Ԍ䃨ุԛཌⲺ䙨‫ؤ‬ₕᴹȾԌ৾ᴹᮏᆮ⭕᫦ሡ‫ف‬Ӱ㉗↭ԛ਀ ж㡢ᐛ֒рᴹ䙽ࡦⲺ਺つஅ亂ㅿㅿȾഖ⛰൞ᡵ䯉‫ޝ‬ᴿᖾཐ≪ ᰅ㇧θᆮ⭕ᴹ䙽ࡦ਺つ਺⁙Ⲻ᛻⋷θᗔ㙂Ԍ‫ه‬ᗔѣ঱㜳ᧂᨗ ࡦ਺つ䀙⊰அ亂Ⲻᯯ⌋Ⱦᆮ⭕ᴹᆮ㘈ࡦ➝亝≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻะᵢᢶ ᐝθׁྸ≪䌠᧝࡬Ƚฯ㛨⍱Ⲻ伕⢟Ƚ㑷⇌⨀⪐ૂะᵢⲺ≪㇗ ᧛俷Ⱦ ⛰Ҽሜ䑆⍱ऋᕅⲺᆮ㘈θᆮ⭕ᴹ⭞ཝ䜞Գᱸ䯉➝亝≪ᰅ㇧਀ ެ‫⭕Ⲻޝ‬⢟Ⱦ൞ሜ傍ᇚ㼗θᆮ⭕ᴹ佫伲ќъ㿶ሕ冐‫ވ‬θԛ਀ ቧуቁᑮⲺӁԬૂ㌱㎧㼗࠰Ⲻஅ亂֒࠰䁎䤺Ⱦ 䃨ᇚѣᴿ഑‫≪⪐⨀ف‬ᰅ㇧θᆮ⭕ਥԛ൞䙏㼗伲佀ૂ㑷⇌⨀ ⪐Ⱦ൞㑷⇌ҁᗂθᆮ⭕ᴹᆮ㘈ᙄ⁙↙⻰൦ᣀ⨀⪐ࣖ䙨ࡦ᯦ Ⲻ≪ᰅ㇧ѣȾᆮ⭕ᴹഖ៿ᱸᵕ㻡࠼⍴ᡆ‫ف‬ӰᡌཐӰⲺᐛ֒θ 36

ᡇ‫ ه‬㺂≪ᰅ㇧Ⲻެѣ‫ޟ‬㺂

ࠧ١ঐ༡ .DUHQ 6WLOHV ૂ〇‫ށ‬᚟ᐹ .LUN (PEUHH ⴙ⶙ᆮ⭕䕿〱主 ⴤȾൌ⛰᯦Ⲻ㛟ㄖ刀冐

ᮏᑡ‫ه‬ᱥ䶔ᑮ啉फᆮ⭕ᨆ࠰㠠ᐧⲺ䀾ࢹᡌ㘻䀙⊰அ亂Ⲻᯯ ⌋θ䙏ӑ⦞㄁ૂ乎ቄᢃ㜳θֵ䙏ӑᆮ⭕⛰ሽּⲺࢃ䙊֒ླ‫ݻ‬ 䏩ⲺⓌ‫ۏ‬Ⱦ⨴ᱸެѣⲺж‫ف‬主ⴤᱥ➝ᯏૂฯ㛨ቅч冐Ⱦ䛙ӑ ᆮ⭕൞ҁࢃⲺжᒪθ㏉↭ࡦԌ‫ه‬ㅢж‫ف‬ᡆࣕⲺᆫौ䚄ぁθ⨴ ൞↙ᔬ㓂䙏主ⴤ਀㒲㓂➝亝ᵠᡆ⟕Ⲻቅ冐ૂᒲ冐Ⱦ൞ּᒪθ ᆮ⭕Ⲻⴤ⁏ᱥ᭯஺Ԍ‫Ⲻه‬ฯ㛨ᯯ⌋θᨆ儎∅᢯Ⲻᆫौ⦽θԛ ⭕⭘ᴪཐⲺ冐‫ވ‬θ䙏ᆮ⨣ҕ䯁ခⲲኋќъฯ㛨ެԌつ五Ⲻ ⎭≪冐Ⱦᴶ䘇θऋ⢟㺂᱕ $QLPDO 3ODQHW ѣⲺж‫ف‬䴱㿌ㇶⴤ ɇ7DQNHGɈθቧᦆ䌾Ҽж‫ ف‬㤧ተ[ 㤧ተⲺ‫ށ‬㩀ᯥई NUHL VHO ≪ᰅ㇧֒⛰ሽּ≪∃Ⲻኋ⽰㕮ҁ⭞θ䙏主ᐛぁ乆䀾ᴹ൞ ᱄ᒪ䯁ခȾ‫ެ܅‬ԌⲺ主ⴤθᮏᑡᴹⴙሕ≪∃㇧Ⲻ᛻⋷θռᱥ ᰛᑮ㏣䆭ሽӚ⭧ᆮ⭕䋖䋢Ⱦ ∅䙘ᱛཟθᆮ⭕ᴹ㻡䚶䄁ᖶ֑㖻䠂䚊ૂᐪ૾俢֒ж⅗⭕ខᆮ ᯻㺂θ䙏ҕᱥ᮪‫ف‬䀾ࢹⲺެѣж䜞࠼Ⱦ䙐ᑮᴿ 㠩 ᱕ᵕⲺᱸ 䯉⭞᯲⨀⪐⼷░≪θᆮ㘈䂨乎ตⲺ⭕ខᆮ਀㠽⮬൦Ӱૂ⎭ ⍁ऋ⢟֒Ӛ⍷Ⱦ֑㖻䠂䚊ૂᐪ૾俢ҁ㺂ᴪᴹ⛰ᆮ⭕ᑬּ亃ཌ Ⲻᆮ䲘ᆮ࠼Ⱦ᯻㺂ⲺⴤⲺᱥ⛰ᨆ‫ב‬㿠䓡Ⲻ儊傍θ䙏ᱥ൞䃨ᇚ 㼗у㜳ᨆ‫Ⲻࡦב‬θⲼഖ㺙䱵㨥ᱥ‫ޝ‬䲮൦ॶȾ䙏ᱥж‫ف‬㎜㠽ᆮ ⭕ⲺₕᴹθሽԌ‫ه‬൞䃨ุрᡶᆮࡦⲺᢶ㜳ૂ⸛䆎㜳ᬪኋ៿ ⭞᯲ਜж᯦Ⲻ⫦ູ㼗Ⱦᆮ⭕ҕᴿₕᴹ᧘䁠ẻഖⲺⲳ≆ऋ⢟ ‫ޢ‬ൈ %ODQN 3DUN =RR ૂྜྷ俢૾ⲺӞ࡟ᶒ⡴࡟ऋ⢟ൈⲺ≪ ᰅ佞 +HQU\ 'RRUO\ =RRĆV DTXDULXPV ԛ਀൞㣓ࣖଛⲺ䅓 ᗭ≪ᰅ佞 6KHGG $TXDULXP Ⱦ䙏ӑ亃ཌⲺ䚀↭ᱥ䀾ࢹⲺ䱺 ࣖ䜞Գθԛᨆ‫ב‬䃨ᇚԛཌⲺ㏉↭Ⱦ 䀾ࢹҕᨆ‫ב‬਌ᗍ㡠⎭਀░≪䅿ᴮⲺₕᴹθ䅿ᴮ3$', 6&8%$ ቄᑡ਀ᆮ⭕ᴹࡦѣཤṗൈ &HQWUDO &DPSXV Ⲻ⑮〈⊖֒░ ≪ะ⽄䁉㐪Ⱦᆮ⭕൞ᗍࡦ3$', 2SHQ :DWHU 6&8%$䅿ᴮᗂθ ࡟⭞䙏ӑᆮࡦⲺᢶ㜳ᴹ൞֑㖻䠂䚊਀ᐪ૾俢≪ต֒䙨‫਀ؤ‬ ৹㠽░≪㘹ሕȾ 38

ࣖ‫Ⲻ׌‬凼冐≪ᰅ㇧

䙏‫ف‬主ⴤᱥѣཤཝᆮṗൈ䁧ཐ主ⴤѣⲺެѣж‫ف‬θ൞ཝ⁉ ‫ޝ‬ᴿᱸ㼓䁣䀾Ƚ୼૷㿅ࢹȽ䴱ᖧȽᔙ᫣Ƚൌ‫܅‬䁣䀾Ƚ۩᫣ᆮૂ ᭓ᖧ਀ᖾཐެԌ䋵᱉つ五Ⲻ䃨ุȾཝᆮṗൈփ᯲ᗍẻഖ୼ᾣ ॶθ䲚ҼԌ‫ه‬൞ᆮṗⲺ儎ѣ⨣㍐ཌθ䙏㼗ҕᴿᨆ‫ב‬亃ཌ‫࡛ف‬ Ⲻ䃨ุȾ䙏‫ف‬䀾ࢹ㎜ᆮ⭕ᨆ‫⦞ב‬⢯Ⲻᆮ㘈⫦ູθ‫ޞ‬䌪ᗍࡦẻ ഖ‫ާޢ‬ᆮॶⲺᖾཐ൦ᯯ㍺㒊Ⲻᦆⅴૂ਺⽴ॶⲺ䋽ࣟθ䙏㇍ ᱥжつѣ㾵䜞Ⲻ⨃ሬȾ ਥᱥᴶ䠃㾷Ⲻ䚺ᱥᆮ⭕Ⲻ᧞ऋθ䙏‫ف‬䀾ࢹᢃ㜳ᡆࣕȾԌ‫࡟ه‬ ⭞䙧ᵡȽ‫ٽ‬ᵕૂ൞ᆮṗⲺ᳇‫֒ٽ‬佫伲䛙ӑ⭕⢟θ‫ޞ‬ഖ䙏䀾ࢹ ᱥ䛙⁙ⲺԚӰ㪍䘭θќ啉फԌ‫ه‬ゃᾫ൦ᆮ㘈θ䙏ӑᢶ㜳ᴹቃ Ԍ‫ه‬ሽּⲺሾᾣ乎ตᡌ㘻ఒླѣ䎭㪍ᖾཝⲺ֒⭞Ⱦ