ORNITHOLOGICAL RESERVE TEHRI LAKE, U TTAR AKH AND
POOJA RENAKE
FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
INTRODUCTION W H AT ? An ornithological reserve is a wildlife refuge designed to protect bird species. The main goal of a reserve is to prevent species from becoming endangered or extinct. Bird species in a reserve are protected from hunting and habitat destruction. Because of the protection they provide from such threats, bird reserves also serve as excellent locations for bird watching. It can be areas such as wetlands, that normally attract many birds, or land that is important to the survival of endangered species.
WHY? Birds are the always-present possibility of an awakening to the natural world that too many people have not yet experienced. They play an essential role in the functioning of the world's ecosystems, in a way that directly impacts human health, economy and food production - as well as millions of other species. Uttarakhand has half of the 1263 bird species recorded in the country. According to the state’s wildlife advisory board, there has been a substantial decline in the number of migratory and regional birds. To acknowledge this issue, a design intervention is to be put forth to solve the existing problems and to create social awareness among us.
HOW? Uttarakhand is known as the bird watcher’s heaven. The state holds 50% of India’s bird population. With the steady decline in the number of birds in the state, there are considerable possibilities of the ecosystem getting endangered in the near future. In order to avoid this situation and inculcate people about the current scenario and the dire future, I would propose an Experiential and Educational approach which will lead towards the enlightenment in the given subject. The implementation of this proposal will act as a shelter to birds and a protective shield to the forest zone.
POOJA RENAKE
FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
W H Y S AV E T H E B I R D S ?
WAKING UP IN A WORLD WITHOUT BIRDS WOULD BE A SILENT CHAOS.
During the peak migratory season, Uttarakhand becomes a welcoming shelter for birds from across the globe. However, there has been a decline in the number of birds in the state. Due to the lack of information and knowledge about avifauna, there are not as much measures undertaken in order to safeguard these birds. . The State of India’s Birds 2020 (SoIB) assessment raises the alarm that several spectacular birds, many of them endemic to the sub-continent, face a growing threat from loss of habitat due to human activity, widespread presence of toxins including pesticides, hunting and trapping for the pet trade. •
The Indian government has come out with a 10-year plan to protect birds and conserve their habitats. At least 1,317 bird species have been recorded in India and about 100 of them are in the threatened category.
•
The draft plan proposes steps to protect migratory birds, conserve wetlands and focus on birds in urban areas.
•
The draft plan, which has been put in the public domain, noted that anthropogenic activities leading to increased levels of greenhouse gas emissions are also impacting the environment on a global scale and urged interventions to minimise and mitigate such impacts on avifauna.
POOJA RENAKE
FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
CASE STUDY R AT I O N A L E F O R S E L E C T I O N The main purpose of studying these buildings was to understand and study the factors that shape the perception of the people about the bird life while traversing through the spaces. These cases are good examples for exploring those factors. Since all three buildings vary in typology and scale, they have addressed exhibit spaces and movement differently – each having their own process of making the user-experience better.
V I S I T O R C E N T R E , S E M PA C H .
WA S I T N AT U R E R E S E R V E , S H A R J A H .
F O R D C A L U M E T E N V I R O N M E N TA L C E N T R E
The institute houses a non-profit organisation that studies wild birds
Wasit natural reserve was originally a waste-water and rubbish
and their habitats, raising awareness of their needs among
The 117-acre marsh is a major stop for migratory birds along the
dump. The rehabilitation process of the damaged eco-system
stakeholders including the swiss government, planners and nature
Mississippi flyway and the presence of these rare birds was the
started in 2005, 40,000m2 of rubbish removed, 35,000 trees
conservancy groups
impetus for the design approach. The design ‘resets’ the forest
been re-planted, healing the land from toxic chemicals. After
succession process and diversifies the habitat profile to support a
years of efforts to bring the non-migratory birds back to the
wider range of bird and animal life.
site, WNR is now home to 350 species of birds, a landing zone for 33,000 migrate birds, and a breathing lung to Sharjah city.
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V I S I TO R C E N T R E , S E M PA C H .
IMPORTANCE OF SITE TOPOGRAPHY
BUILT FORM CORRESPONDING
WITH RELEVANCE OF BIRDS
TOPOGRAPHY
MOVEMENT PATTERN
ARTICULATION OF SPACES
compact,
The composite movement pattern compliments the
The different experience spaces become a spatial motif in this building. The
Ornithological Institute has been built on the
polygonal cubatures relates to the
spatial frames by unfolding the exhibition spaces
different spatial frames help a person/ viewer relate to the subject profoundly.
banks of lake Sempach. The garden of the
landscape and the lake. The building has
gradually. In this building, the thresholds specifically mark
ornithological institute is a miniature oasis
been positioned in such a way that it
the division of different paths, hence offering various
and home to 27 species of bird.
interacts with the countryside and the
different paths and pause points.
The
visitor
centre
at
the
Swiss
The
positioning
of
two
WASIT NATURE RESERVE, SHARJAH.
lake.
The most distinguished feature of
The architecture of the centre blends
The linear movement pattern is in sync with the form of
the reserve is the diverse ecosystem
with its surroundings and uses the
the building and also with respect to the information
since it has different habitats and
existing topography to minimise the
panels on one side and bird viewing window on the
types of vegetation, compromising
visual impact on the natural scene.
other. The single threshold at the end (café) specifically
coastal sand dunes, along with salt
marks the division of paths, thereby dominating the
flat (sabkhas) linking ponds and a
movement.
The speed of movement is faster while walking through the long linear passage as compared to the other two buildings. The spatial frame is identical throughout.
FORD CALUMET ENVIRONMENTAL CENTRE
large open lake.
The 117-acre marsh is a major stop for migratory
Like a bird’s nest, the building uses materials that are
The organic movement pattern syncs with the shape of
The disorganized planning creates a confused sense
birds along the Mississippi flyway and the
abundant, available, and nearby. In highlighting these
the building. Even though there are no physical barriers,
of spatial frame distracting the viewer out of the
presence of these rare birds was the impetus for
materials, the building demonstrates the sustainable
yet the two different pathways announce themselves due
subject.
the design approach.
principle of re-use and simultaneously connects to
to the notable changes of path movement.
the region’s important cultural history. POOJA RENAKE
FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
S I T E A N A LY S I S AT TEHRI, UTTARAKHAND
POOJA RENAKE
FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
Primary Road
S I T E A N A LY S I S
SURROUNDING CONTEXT
Secondary Road
•
The surrounding area of the site is very rich in biodiversity. Forest types observed in the surrounding areas are Upper or Himalayan Chir Pine forest and Ban Oak forest.
•
70% of the surrounding villages’ main occupation is farming and
tourism because of the adjacent ropeway, water sports and dam. •
Some of the neighbouring villages are as follows –
PROPOSED SITE
1.Dharkot
2.Jalwal 3.Rindol 4.Jalwal 5.Kathooli 6.Belyasaur 7.Ganoli
CLIMATE
ACCESSIBILITY
TOTA L S I T E A R E – 5 2 , 0 0 0 S Q . M 9M WIDE RD 995 m
The climate in Tehri Garhwal district varies from cold temperate,
of metalled roads namely Rishikesh-Devprayag road (NH-58) and also Narendranagar-
945 m 920 m 895 m
tropical to sub-tropical. The northern and north western parts of the district experiences sub-zero temperature during the winter whereas
The district is well connected with Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand, by a network
PROPSED SITE
Chamba-Tehri-Ghanshali road. New Tehri Town, the present district headquarter, has
870 m 845 m
been shifted from the erstwhile district headquarter, Old Tehri, after the construction of
820 m 795 m
the central and southern parts are comparatively warm and humid.
Tehri Dam (sprawling over an area of 45 km.
TEHRI LAKE
LAND USE
The atmospheric temperature fluctuates between a minimum of 5°C in December and January and a maximum of 21°C in June (during the study period). - Summer Solstice
Site Section X-X’
Ghat Road
Forest Area 322051 ha
The maximum rainfall (about 230mm) occurs in July, whereas the
-Winter Solstice
The salient land use features of Tehri Garhwal district are given below:
Land under Cultivation 88461 ha
humidity ranges from 47 per cent (may) to 92 per cent (January). Cultivable Barren Land 5681 ha
Rainfall, in the study area, occurs almost throughout the year.
Barren and Non-cultivable Land 5844 ha
Maximum rainfall is recorded during the monsoon period i.e., from July to September. There is slight decrease in rainfall from December till Annual Temperature Max.
Avg.
Min.
March. Rest of the year rainfall is quiet low.
X
X’
Land under Non-agricultural Use 78366 ha Pasture and Other Grazing Land 539 ha
Prevailing wind direction – North-west which ranges from 5 kmph to 15
DRAINAGE
kmph annually. Drainage of the area is mainly controlled by the major perennial rivers like Bhagirathi, Bhilangana, Alaknanda and their tributaries like Bal Ganga and Dharma Ganga. Bhagirathi River flows from north to south and meets Alaknanda River at Devprayag. Days
Rainfall (mm)
Annual Rainfall
Bhilangana River flows from north east to south west and meets Bhagirathi River near Old Tehri.
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FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
Z O N I N G | M AT E R I A L S
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SITE PLAN 1
2
4 5
6
3
7
9
8 10
11
TOTA L B U I LT U P – 5 5 4 6 S Q . M 1. ENTRANCE
5. AV ROOM
9. GLASS HOUSE
2. CAR | BIKE PARKING
6. EXHIBITION BLOCK 1
10. VIEWING GALLERY
3. STAFF PARKING
7. EXHIBITION BLOCK 2
11. BIRD WATCHING TOWER
4. ENTRANCE FOYER
8. CAFÉ POOJA RENAKE
FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
SITE MASSING
GLASS HOUSE
E N T R A N C E F OY E R | R E C E P T I O N
E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K 1 & 2
C AV E C A F É | S O U V E N I R S H O P PA R K I N G Z O N E
B I R D WATC H I N G G A L L E R Y | TO W E R
TEHRI LAKE
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SITE SECTION
9M WIDE ROAD
F U T U R E E X PA N S I O N
9M WIDE ROAD
FOREST TRAIL ZONE
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ENTRANCE FOYER | RECEPTION P L A N
A
2
1 6
7
8
5
9 10
3
B
3
4
B
A’
LEGEND 1 . E N T R A N C E F OY E R – 250 S Q . M
5. TICKET COUNTER – 9 SQ.M
9. AUDIO VISUAL ROOM – 115 SQ.M
2 . C YC L E PA R K I N G – 6 0 S Q . M
6 . R E N TA L S H O P – 9 S Q . M
1 0 . S E R V I C E R O O M – 20 S Q . M
3 . R E C E P T I O N – 50 S Q . M
7 . D R I N K I N G WAT E R – 9 S Q . M
4 . WA I T I N G A R E A – 9 0 S Q . M
8 . TO I L E T – 1 8 S Q . M
TOTA L B U I LT U P – 5 5 2 S Q . M POOJA RENAKE
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ENTRANCE FOYER | RECEPTION S E C T I O N S
+958.73M
+956.65M
+953.25M
S E C T I O N A - A’
+950.25M
+958.73M
+956.63M +956.03M
+954.83M
+948.87M
SECTION B-B’
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ENTRANCE FOYER | RECEPV TIO EW N S E C T I O N S
E N T R A N C E F OY E R
R E C E P T I O N | WA I T I N G LO B B Y | T I C K E T C O U N T E R
AUDIO VISIUAL ROOM
ADMIN AREA
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FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K LEGEND
P L A N
1. ENTRANCE - 15 SQ.M 2. TOILET (FEMALE) – 12 SQ.M 3. DRINKING WATER – 6 SQ.M 4. TOILET (MALE) – 15 SQ.M 5. SERVICE ROOM – 15 SQ.M 6. NEST DISPLAY – 388 SQ.M 7. EGG DISPLAY – 388 SQ.M 8. EXIT TOTA L B U I LT U P – 8 50 S Q . M A
2
3
4
5
1 6
6
7
7
8
A’
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E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K S E C T I O N
+954.0M
+952.5M
+949.0M +947.0M
+945.5M
+943.0M
+940.2M
S E C T I O N A - A’
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E X H I B I T I O N B LO C K M A T E R I A L
D E T A I L S
S L AT E R O O F S H I N G L E S
MS GUTTER M S R A F T E R ( R H S) 1 50 X 1 0 0 m m M S M E M B E R ( R H S) 1 50 X 1 0 0 m m M S P U R L I N ( R H S) 8 0 X 4 0 m m 18 mm THK CEMENT SHEET
12 mm THK CEMENT SHEET
75 X 75 m m A N G L E S E C T I O N
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FIFTH YEAR B.ARCH
C AV E C A F É | R E S TA U R A N T P L A N
LEGEND
1. ENTRANCE – 12 SQ.M
9 . TO I L E T ( M A L E )
2. CASH COUNTER – 9 SQ.M
1 0 . C AV E C A F É – 20 6 S Q . M
3. FIREPLACE – 9 SQ.M
1 1 . S O U V E N I R – 17 7 S Q . M
4 . TO U R I S T G R O U P S E AT I N G – 17 7
12.SERVICE ENTRY – 9 SQ.M
SQ.M
4
1 3 . D I S H WA S H I N G A R E A – 1 2 S Q . M
5 . O U T D O O R S E AT I N G – 4 5 S Q . M
14.VEG COUNTER – 15 SQ.M
6 . S TA F F | PA N T R Y – 25 S Q . M
15. BAKING COUNTER – 12 SQ.M
7 . TO I L E T ( F E M A L E ) – 1 0 S Q . M
16.NON VEG COUNTER – 15 SQ.M
8 . D R I N K I N G WAT E R – 1 2 S Q . M
1 7 . C O L D S TO R A G E – 9 S Q . M
3
A’
1 TOTA L B U I LT U P – 1 1 50 S Q . M
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
2
7
8 9
11
5
6
A A’
10 8
7
9
17
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
12 A
14
15
16
13
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C AV E C A F É | R E S TA U R A N T S E C T I O N
+938.6M
+937.1M
+934.2M
+931.5M +927.25M
+927.25M
+926M
S E C T I O N A - A’
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GLASS HOUSE WET
P L A N DRY
U N E V E N S PA N T Y P E LEGEND 1. DRY CLIFF
6 . I N F O R M A L S E AT I N G
1 1 . H I L LTO P P L AT E A U
2. FERNERY
7. MARSHY BOG
1 2 . F LO W E R I N G P L A N T S
D R Y C L I M AT E
3 . D E S E R T S LO P E S
8 . WAT E R FA L L
1 3 . E XOT I C P L A N T S
1 . P y r o m a n i a - Re d H o t Po ke r – S h r u b
4. DRY CLIFF
9 . A Q U AT I C P L A N T S
1 4 . M E Z Z A N I N E O V E R LO O K
2. Midnight Masquerade – Shrub
5. SUCCULENT SHELF
10.TROPICAL ZONE
3 . S t o n e C r o p - Tr e e / S h r u b
A
4. African Lilies - Flowering 5 . P a n i c ke d H y d r a n g e a - F l o w e r i n g 6 . J a d e P l a n t s - S u cc u l e n t s W E T C L I M AT E
12 14
13
1. Arrowwood Viburnum – Shrub 2 . S a l i x D i s c o l o r- S h r u b 3 . Ta t a r i a n D o g w o o d –S h r u b
11
4 . J o y P y e We e d - Ta l l P l a n t / S h r u b Ty p e 5 . L i g u l a r i a – Pe r r i n i a l
9
6 . J a p a n e s e P r i m e Ro s e - F l o w e r i n g
10
7. Meadowsweet - Shrub Flowering 8 5 B 7
A’
B’
6
4
3
2
1
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GLASS HOUSE S E C T I O N
HEAT LOSS BY CONDUCTION –
Qc = A (Ti-To)/R
Where, Qc = heat loss due to conduction A = surface area = 12,787 SQ.FT (Ti-To) = temperature difference 18 C
R = resistance to heat loss = 2.9 Qc = 12787 (18)/2.9 Qc = 79367.5 BTU/hr
HEAT LOSS BY AIR INFILTERATION – S E C T I O N A - A’
Qa = 0.02VC (Ti-To)
Where, Qa = heat loss by air infilteration V = volume = 1200 cub.m C = no. of air exchanges/hr = 0.75 Qa = 0.02*1200*0.75*18 Qa = 432 BTU/hr
PERIMETER HEAT LOSS –
Qp = PL(Ti-To)
Where, Qp = perimeter heat loss P = perimeter heat loss co-efficient = 0.4BTU/ft ºF hr L = distance around perimeter = 587.27 ft
Qp = 0.4*587.27*18 Qp = 4228.34 BTU/hr
TOTAL HEAT LOSS –
Qt = Qc+Qa+Qp = 79367.5 + 432 + 422.344 Qt = 84027.93 BTU/hr
OPERABLE ETFE PILLOW FOR VENTILATION
The additional heat required is 84027.93 BTU/ hr +20% for windy/hilly area.
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GLASS HOUSE S E C T I O N
+949.9M
+934.7M
SECTION B-B’’ +933.7M
PUBLIC NETWORK
PLANT VISITOR MOBILITY
PROGRAMMED LEVELS,SLOPES, EXPOSURES
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B I R D WAT C H I N G T O W E R
4 1.
TOILET | BATH AREA
2.
BIRD PHOTOGRAPHY
3.
KITCHEN
4.
SITTING | SLEEPING AREA 1
2 3
4
FOUNDATION PLAN
LEVEL 3
LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
+933.2M
3 +930.2M
2 +927.2M
1 +924.2M
S E C T I O N A - A’
+921.2M
ACTIVITIES VIEWING GALLERY
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S AV E B I R D S D O N ’ T L E T T H E M FA D E O U T
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