International Journal on Integrated Education
e-ISSN : 26203502 p-ISSN : 26153785
Development of Reading Abilities in Literature Lessons in the 6th Grade at Secondary Schools Toshboyeva Munisahon Otaboy qizi Teacher, secondary school №45, Uychi district Namangan region Abstract: We all recognize of vulnerable readers: secondary school pupils who shrink back from analyzing in class, lack fluency, have slender vocabularies and locate it tough to realise what they have got simply examine. These secondary school pupils have an analyzing age beneath their chronological age, and want cautious aid to enhance their analyzing cappotential. Numbers range from secondary school to secondary school, however the problems are acquainted to us. Keywords: improving, reading skills, literacy, multimedia, textual, methods. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Generally speaking, we recognize a way to assist those secondary school pupils, both via interventions, like a devoted phonics programme run through an SEN teacher, or via entire secondary school initiatives, including show time analyzing or Accelerated Reader. This doesn‘t imply we're usually successful – obstacles to enhancing analyzing are sizable and assets and know-how are regularly stretched. The actual project for secondary school instructors isn't a lot coaching kids a way to examine, however coaching kids a way to examine to learn. This isn't simply semantics: it‘s a reorientation far from the perception of analyzing as being a few form of trendy cappotential that scholars can installation similarly throughout the curriculum. It entails seeing analyzing in phrases of particular disciplinary practices. Reading in spiritual research isn't similar to analyzing in geography; what scientists examine and the way they examine it's far very exclusive to the analyzing tactics undertaken through mathematicians. Similarly, being a terrific reader in English – being capable of interpret characters and subject matters in stories – doesn‘t definitely assist in studying the manner of evolution from biology textbook. These analyzing ‗talents‘ aren't transferable. What is wanted is a method that recognises those differences – what is wanted is a focal point on disciplinary analyzing. The EEF 1 defines Disciplinary literacy as ‗a method to enhancing literacy throughout the curriculum that emphasises the significance of issue particular aid.‘ Its significance is underscored through its function because the first of the tips within side the Secondary Guidance Report – it‘s the only advice that underpins all of the others. Disciplinary literacy assumes disciplines have specific discourse practices that produce and form its information. As Moje suggests, ‗generating information in an area calls for fluency in making and interrogating information claims, which in flip require fluency in an extensive variety of methods of building and speaking information.‘ 2. Literacy is as a consequence a particular ‗disciplinary exercise‘, in preference to a ‗set of techniques or tools‘. With regards to analyzing a records textual content, for instance, disciplinary analyzing way that specialize in 3 critical tactics of sourcing (author, file kind, in which it got here from), contextualization (social, political and cultural conditions) and corroboration (agreements and disagreements with different texts). In contrast, analyzing a poem is greater approximately getting to shape, phrase play, titles, rhythm and rhyme as ability cues for meaning Copyright (c) 2022 Author (s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Volume 5, Issue 6, Jun 2022 | 135
International Journal on Integrated Education
e-ISSN : 26203502 p-ISSN : 26153785
3. Annotation is likewise a part of the disciplinary exercise of analyzing a poem, however now no longer a lot of a records textual content. This flip in the direction of disciplinary literacy – and mainly disciplinary analyzing – is each thrilling and daunting. It‘s thrilling as it offers instructors of maths, technology or records extra possession over their curriculum and pedagogy. It additionally explains what we intuitively recognize – that generalised techniques to analyzing handiest get us so far. The cappotential to annotate a literary textual content does now no longer translate into being capable of annotate supply fabric in records. The styles of questions we ask of literary texts and historic reassets also are very exclusive. It‘s daunting due to the fact we‘re now no longer used to this form of obligation. We‘re all acquainted with the chant that ‗all instructors are instructors of literacy‘, however the message definitely handiest hits domestic while it‘s framed in issue-particular phrases. It locations the obligation for coaching secondary school pupils a way to examine squarely on our shoulders. There‘s no passing the buck; it‘s on us! This is genuinely a massive project, one with a view to possibly take numerous time, education and idea to get right. But not like different entire-secondary school initiatives, this seems like it's going to make an enduring difference. Disciplinary literacy doesn‘t require buy-in to a well-known approach or compliance to something that doesn‘t definitely fit, due to the fact at its coronary heart is the very nature of the issue itself. 1. Language is foundational to all studying experiences (Vygotsky, 1962), and literacy cap potential has been without delay related to instructional results (Thomson et al., 2017). Supporting secondary school pupils to increase their literate capabilities inside one area will definitely effect on their studying results in others. 2. Development of a shared language for speaking approximately literacy empowers scholar studying and establishes a steady metalanguage for instructors to give an explanation for and unpack literate techniques to their secondary school pupils (Rose & Martin, 2012). Teachers and secondary school pupils geared up with a grammatically knowledgeable metalanguage are greater capable of interact in significant discussions approximately language and texts. 3. Literate practices want to be explicitly taught and scaffolded. In order to development studying, secondary school pupils want to acquire excessive nice remarks aligned to particular dreams and criteria (Hattie 2008). Explicit coaching, scaffolding and remarks are critical additives of the coaching and studying cycle 4. The language modes (Reading and Viewing, Writing, and Speaking and Listening) are interrelated. A scholar‘s improvement in a single mode helps and extends a scholar‘s knowhow of the alternative modes (VCAA, 2016). That said, instructional writing is the maximum complex, requiring substantial linguistic, cognitive and cultural assets (Myhill, Jones, Lines & Watson, 2012; Graham & Harris, 2016). 5. The literate practices valued and required through secondary school pupils range throughout the area areas (Fang, 2012; Shanahan & Shanahan, 2008). For example, the methods secondary school pupils examine a textual content in English differs from how textual content is examine in Mathematics or History. 6. Differentiated and focused studying sports are required to aid and fee various scholar wishes and capabilities. Differentiation recognises the capabilities, cultures, languages, motivations and pursuits of secondary school pupils. Within every of the seven studying areas, literacy techniques are grouped primarily based totally on their number one purpose: Developing know-how: to interact and construct area-particular understandings Communicating know-how: to convert and gift area-particular understandings. Each approach Copyright (c) 2022 Author (s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Volume 5, Issue 6, Jun 2022 | 136
e-ISSN : 26203502 p-ISSN : 26153785
International Journal on Integrated Education
combines the language modes to sell scholar studying. Where appropriate, the modes getting used are indicated. The very last phase of every studying vicinity is 'placing it collectively. This phase includes: recommendations on how instructors can aid secondary school pupils to create an prolonged piece of writing applicable to the curriculum vicinity a studying collection that demonstrates how instructors can shape techniques the usage of a studying and coaching cycle. Disciplinary literacy refers back to the learner‘s cappotential to examine, write and talk in methods which are valued and utilized by human beings in a given area (Moje, 2007). That is, to ―suppose like mathematicians, examine like historians and write like scientists‖ (Lee, 2004, p. 61). Disciplinary literacy: recognises that literate techniques range throughout the disciplines (Fang, 2012; Shanahan & Shanahan, 2008) way that literate techniques and area-particular content material are intertwined (Fang & Coatoam, 2013, p. 628) permits secondary school pupils to increase their content material information, talents and know-how to emerge as professionals inside an area (Billman & Pearson, 2013; Johnson et al., 2011; Shanahan & Shanahan, 2012). The toolkit embraces a disciplinary literacy method to concurrently interact with: issue-particular content material—middle concepts, massive ideas, key relationships disciplinary conduct of mind—analyzing and viewing, writing, speakme and listening, wondering and reasoning, and trouble solving. Multimodal texts take a number paperwork including posters, infographics, photo books, textbooks, video, animation, interviews, oral displays and diagrams (Anstey & Bull, 2006; Bull & Anstey, 2010; Kress, 2010; Zammit & Downes, 2002). Digital texts may also encompass: transferring image sound hyperlinks. Live texts, including dance, overall performance and oral storytelling deliver that means via numerous mixtures of semiotic structures such as gestural, spatial, audio, and spoken language. In all disciplines, secondary school pupils want to compose and make experience of multimodal texts—texts which use or greater semiotic (that means-making) structures to deliver that means. These encompass written language, nonetheless image, and spatial layout in paper-primarily based totally paperwork. Teaching secondary school pupils to successfully examine and compose sorts of multimodal texts utilized in every area is critical to increase their know-how. For example: to examine a picture novel in English, secondary school pupils want with the intention to make experience of the written textual content and the images, and the way they paintings collectively to create that means to examine a diagram approximately the effect of abrasion in Geography or Science calls for secondary school pupils with the intention to ‗examine‘ the written and visible factors in terms of one another while viewing a documentary in History or Visual Arts, secondary school pupils want to recognize how the mixture of the verbal commentary, the choice of images, tune and written textual content paintings each independently and collectively to provide the account. Teaching multimodal texts for twenty first century studying must additionally put together secondary school pupils for his or her destiny careers. Used literatures: 1. EEF (2019) Improving Literacy in Secondary Schools Guidance Report 2. Moje, E. (2008). Foregrounding the disciplines in secondary literacy teaching and learning: A call for change. 3. Peskin, J. (1998). Constructing meaning when reading poetry: An expert-novice study. 4. Wineburg, S. S. (1991). On the reading of historical texts: Notes on the breach between school and academy.
Copyright (c) 2022 Author (s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Volume 5, Issue 6, Jun 2022 | 137