“Rising above the desert floor, its ranges stretch across the valley, warping the fabric of its landscape, and within its folds comes water.-�
FIRE STATION #62
Fire Station No. 62 is located near the Sonoran Preserve at the southern base of South Mountain in the Ahwatukee Foothills. The form was inspired by the alluvium fans of the mountain and their influence on the surrounding ecology and hydrology. The Corten steel roof stretches over the station, blending it into the desert landscape. By mimicking the cycles of the site, it channels, diverts, and collects water for the station and wash. The courtyard is a central element to the program by providing a decompression space for fire fighters. During the cooler months, the doors fold open to ventilate the interior. Rain results in water coming down from the mountain which is then channeled between stilts under the courtyard and into the wash. Water is collected from the roof gutter into a silo at the end of the station. These event celebrates the desert rainwater from above and below.
PROJECT MANUAL RIELLY SMITH
01
SITE
02
PROGRAM
03
FORM
04
ENERGY
05
MECHANICAL
06
CONSTRUCTION
07
ASSEMBLY
Phoenix
South Mountain Preserve
Chandler
Trail
Property Line
Site
Wash Chand
ler Blv
d.
Trail Head Parking
01
SITE This watershed is nearly 100% desert mountain and hill slope runoff. The drainage area is slightly more than four square miles. The area extends to the east and is adjacent to the uppermost portions of the Maricopa Drain Watershed. The westernmost edge is developed, mostly with large lots and desert/natural landscape. Runoff from area sub-basins does not combine but is instead conveyed out of the area across the Reservation boundary through sheet flow or in small channels. This looks like an alluvial fan which is a triangular-shaped deposit that is loose, unconsolidated soil or sediment that has been eroded, reshaped by water in some form, and redeposited in a non-marine setting. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of silt and clay and larger particles of sand and gravel.
The Orographic Lift of South Mountain
Moisture Condenses as Air Cools Moisture Condenses as Air Cools Sinking Sinking Air
Orographic Lift
Air
West Prevailing Winds
Wind
Lifting Air Runoff
Lifting Air
Basin
Rainy Windward Slope
Dry Leeward Slope
Runoff
Basin Mountain
Mountain
Basin
Mountain Summit mountain summit
North Site Boundary north site boundary
North Street north street edgeEdge south site boundary South Site Boundary
South Street south street edgeEdge
stre
Residential Neighborhood residential neighborhood
Trailhead Parking trailhead parking
East Boundary eastSite site boundary
West Siteboundary Boundary west site
Drive-through bay for returning apparatus
Dorms
Staff Entry
Apparatus Bay
Kitchen/ Dinning
Support Functions
Training Administration Office
Private Public
Restroom
Lobby
Public Entry
Apparatus leaving station
02
PROGRAM ANALYSIS
PROGRAM Fire Stations are facilities that combine several uses or occupancies into one structure. Most Fire Stations are a mix of Residential occupancy (R-3) with their Dormitories and Residential Support Spaces, Business occupancy (Group B) with their offices and lobby spaces, Industrial Storage occupancy (S-2) with their Apparatus Bays and Equipment Storage Spaces, and Assembly occupancy (A-3) with their Community Rooms or Training Rooms. This analysis looks at the various adjacencies between key spaces typical for a fire station in order to establish the most rational and efficient layout.
Preliminary Studies Staff Parking
Drive-through bay for returning apparatus
Staff Entry Dorms Restroom
Support Functions
Apparatus Bay
Apparatus leaving station
Living Spaces
Administration
Public Entry Private Public
Staff Parking Staff Entry Drive-through bay for returning apparatus Dorms
Training
Apparatus Bay
Office
Support Functions
Administration
Restroom
Public Entry Private Public
Living Spaces
Apparatus leaving station
Courtyard
FLOOR PLAN 1. Community/ Training Center 2. Captain’s Office
1
3. Communication/ Radio 4. Lobby/ Reception 5. Office
2
6. Library/ Study
11
7. Mechanical Room
8
8. Restroom/ Shower 9. Oxygen Storage
3
10. Apparatus Bay
5
11. Storage Room
9
7
10
4
12. IDC Closet/ Sanitation Station
5
0'
4'
6
8'
16'
32'
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
13. Turnout Storage
13
14. Exercise Room
23
15. EMS Storage
14
16. Laundry Room
24 6
17. Pantry 18. Kitchen/ Dining/ Day Room 19. Courtyard
8
12
22
11
18
20. A-Shift Dorm 21. Captain’s Dorm
19
22. B-Shift Dorm
15
7
23. C-Shift Dorm 24. Technical Resuce Storage/ Workshop 25. Rain Water Storage
8
16
8
17
20
21 25
03
PROGRAM FORM ANALYSIS STUDIES
FORM Explorations in massing and form study the alluvium fan of south mountain. This element of the landscape is vital to the collection, diversion, and overall transportation of water to areas beyond the basin. Each massing that was generated was then tested in its relation between the site and its surrounding context. The main inspiration being that the fire station become part of the landscape and contributing to the transportation of water back into the adjacent wash.
Site Circulation
Program Egress
C A A A P
C A A A P
C A A A P
C A A A P
C A A A P
No
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
Egress
Emergency
Entrance
12:00 PM
N June 21 5:20 AM
E 7:39 PM
W
S
04
ENERGY ANALYSIS PROGRAM FORM ANALYSIS STUDIES
ENERGY Sun studies were conducted on the conceptual design in order to produce efficient strategies for connecting passive design with active systems. Being located at the base of the mountain with strong winds coming from the west, the site is on average 10F cooler than the surrounding Phoenix. Efforts were made to take advantage of this by locating a large courtyard in the center of the fire house. During the shoulder months, this space can open up and natural ventilate the interior living areas.
Sun Paths
Summer Solstic
Spring/Fall Equinox
Winter Solstice
Warm/Hot > 80F Comfort
> 68F
Cool/Cold < 68F
05
ENERGY ANALYSIS PROGRAM FORM ANALYSIS STUDIES
MECHANICAL To mitigate the energy lost between the varying pressure zones of the apparatus bay and the living spaces, a split VAV (Variable Air Volume) system will be used for the stationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s HVAC. Two separate mechanical rooms are on either side of the apparatus bay housing the VAV compressor and electrical boxes along with water heaters. When the courtyard doors are opened and being used as the primary passive cooling system, the HVAC of the east wing will be shut off to prevent energy loss.
VAV Split System
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
Supply
Return
Compressor
Pressure Zones
C A A A P
C A A A P
C A A A P
C A A A P
C A A A P
No
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
Negative
Neutral
Positive
Projec Date
06
ENERGY ANALYSIS PROGRAM CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS FORM ANALYSIS STUDIES
CONSTRUCTION The primary structure of the station consists of steel W-Flange girders framing the footprint of the roof. I-Beam columns spanning 16ft apart hold up the roofâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cantilever. Secondary steel members are angled to the folds of the standing seam Corten steel. The steel is exposed on both the interior and exterior to reduce the need for additional construction materials. All mechanical, electrical, and plumbing equipment will be housed between the framing.
Consu Addres Addres Addres Phone
Consu Addres Addres Addres Phone
Consu Addres Addres Addres Phone
Consu Addres Addres Addres Phone
Consu Addres Addres Addres Phone
No.
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
P
Primary Steel Girders
Secondary Steel Beams
Metal Stud Walls
I Beam Column
Project Num Date Drawn By
Checked By
07
ENERGY ANALYSIS PROGRAM CONSTRUCTION ANALYSIS FORM ANALYSIS STUDIES
ASSEMBLY The materials palette was chosen for both sustainability and desert appearance. Corten steel has no maintenance required and the surface develops to a stable rust-like appearance. Allowing the steel to rust makes the rust itself form a protective coating that slows the rate of future corrosion. Concrete Masonry was used to split the station along its latitude at specific points to bear the roof load. Corten panels are used on the north and south walls, as well as, on the standing seam roof to blend the fire station into the desert landscape.
6” Insulation Corrugated Aluminum
Gypsum Board Metal Stud 4” Insulation Sheathing Air Layer Corten Steel Panels
Corten Steel Standing Seam Metal Decking
Concrete Masonry Air Layer Sheathing 4â&#x20AC;? Insulation Metal Stud Vapor Retarder CMU Finish
WEST AND EAST SECTIONS
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'
NORTH AND SOUTH ELEVATIONS
0'
4'
8'
16'
32'