14 minute read
ED CLARK, A RETIRED MILITARY PILOT, ENCOURAGES YOUTH TO LOOK TO THE SKIES.
US Black Engineer & Information Technology (USBE&IT) magazine launched the maiden issue of Leading Voices (LV) in the fall of 2017. Broken up into three or four columns written by inventors, entrepreneurs, and STEM policymakers, the section spotlights the 14 challenges outlined by the National Academy of Engineering, and disruptors such as artificial intelligence and bioengineering. Through the years, LV has provided perspectives on smart cities, building a weather-ready nation, and where AI is in your future. An auspicious start for one of USBE magazine’s newest sections. Leading Voices is available in print and online at www.blackengineer.com.
Leading Voices
Contributing Editors .........................
LT CDR Desmond Walker
U.S. Navy U.S. Navy
The Burden of a Black Naval Officer
In 23 years of Naval service, I have learned that candid and open discussions that welcome dissenting or different opinions can be an effective catalyst for change; it is no different for racial injustice. If the Navy truly believes that inclusion and diversity are critical to warfighting readiness, now is the time for real progress, building on the foundation laid by Adm. Elmo Russell “Bud” Zumwalt Jr., the 19th chief of Naval operations. In 1970, in the wake of Secretary of the Navy John Chafee’s ALNAV 51 on equal opportunity, Zumwalt released a trailblazing document, Z-Gram 66: “Equal Opportunity in the Navy.” In this message, he noted, “What struck me more than anything else was the depth of feeling of our Black personnel that there is significant discrimination in the Navy.” Fifty years later, I was both encouraged and disheartened to read the June 3 statement from the 32nd chief of Naval operations, Adm. Michael Gilday, where he said, “I can’t imagine the pain and disappointment and anger that many of you felt when you saw that [the choking of George Floyd].” I was encouraged because Gilday said what he said, but I was disheartened because I doubt anyone expected this conversation to carry forward to 2020. After five decades of Navy innovation, progress, and change, we find ourselves back where we started. Some may feel things have gotten better, but I’m certain a great number of Black officers in the Navy feel little has truly changed. The foundations of Naval leadership are laid through commissioning programs and are built on through other training and experiences over the full span of an officer’s career. However, this training and experience have never considered the Black officer’s additional burden. Imagine standing in front of your team. Division, department, command—it does not matter the scope. You are standing in front of them as you prepare to head into harm’s way: a deployment to a part of the world with global competitors who actively oppose what your team represents. You stand in front of that team because your oath to the Constitution is the burden you chose, bearing true faith and allegiance to it, freely, without mental reservation, to faithfully discharge the duties of your office. Now consider the perspective of the Black officer standing in front of his or her team today. Individually, we carry the burden of the Black American experience as a generational post-traumatic stress disorder that has gone untreated for more than 400 years. Imagine not only leading your sailors in daily freedom of navigation operations on a $1.8 billion warship in the South China Sea but also dealing with the exhaustive mental drain of cumulative questioning. Black officers often bear the weight of being labeled examples of Black excellence or Black incompetence. Imagine not only having to fly a $100 million aircraft over an adversary’s country to drop ordnance or conduct operations at risk of being shot down but also experiencing the persistent emotional drain of questioning whether you are being judged on the content of your character and performance or the color of your skin. This is happening behind the mask that Coast Guard Commander Marcus Canady discusses in his recent article. Ironically, we wear the mask as a form of protection; in reality, we want to be seen and heard—as equals. We want the earned opportunity to qualify as a primary warfare designator without prejudice because of where we went to school or our commissioning source. We need our commanders and commanding officers to challenge, counsel, and mentor us months before a fitness report debrief that reflects that we are below average. Like any sailor, we want divisional or departmental leaders to get to know us beyond any preconceived notions that prevent them from being involved in our professional development. Within the last year, the Navy has introduced the “Culture of Excellence,” “Signature Behaviors of the 21st Century
Sailor,” and “U.S. Navy Inclusion and Diversity Goals & Objectives.” The three documents provide an outstanding framework to aid commanders and commanding officers in the difficult task of building an enduring culture of excellence. However, the deep and complementary conversations are long overdue. Progress requires engagement on this issue at every level of the chain of command. We will get there only when leaders are willing to listen, reflect, learn, and adapt—through action. For far too long, Black officers have seen top-down inclusion and diversity policy revisions that commanders and commanding officers are just expected to implement. The Navy at all echelons of leadership should take the opportunity presented at this critical moment to generate real momentum for concrete action toward a more inclusive fleet. This will require more sustained effort than having a cup of coffee, small group discussions, all-hands calls, emails to the crew, or monthly ethnic celebrations. One idea is to hold type commanders accountable for measurable inclusion and diversity benchmarks across the leadership continuum, from midshipman to flag officer. We already know what it looks like when our top admiral communicates an expectation and the institution does not follow his lead. In 1972, two years after Z-66, Zumwalt addressed more than 80 admirals and Marine Corps generals on their resistance: “I am speaking to you, through you, to the Navy’s entire command structure to emphasize again that this issue of discrimination must be faced openly and fully.” Assignment as a minority affairs officer, for example, was merely a collateral duty. This and other initiatives mandated in 1970 were never fully implemented by the Navy, contributing to conditions that resulted in “130 men assigned to the Constellation refus[ing] to board their ship . . . accusing the ship’s officers of ‘calculated racism.’” Similar racial disturbances occurred on two other ships during this period. And what about the conversations that have happened and are continuing to happen in wardrooms, the chief’s mess, on mess decks, or behind closed doors? Recently, a retired Naval officer and member of the U.S. Naval Academy Alumni Association Board of Trustees inadvertently communicated his biases to the world through social media. Although he apologized, his words reflect his thoughts at the time. When I was a young petty officer, a chief petty officer publicly embarrassed me by using his positional authority to put me at attention. He refused to believe a Black petty officer would know more than him about the ship’s equipment. As an officer
candidate in ROTC, one of my white peers, out of anger and jealousy, told me I was selected for the Seaman to Admiral 21 program only because I was Black. As a lieutenant, I was told that because I went to a historically Black college and university and with my test scores, I “probably” wouldn’t make it as a nucleartrained surface warfare officer. There are stories like this all across the Navy. Racial bias can be deceptive. Let me be clear. If any officers are not performing up to the strictest standards of Naval excellence, it is our duty to them individually and to the Navy as a whole to evaluate them accordingly. Black officers are not looking for a handout. We just want access to the same opportunities without senior officers in positions of influence impeding our progress—even if they do so unknowingly or unintentionally. Regardless of motive, an opportunity denied is denied just the same. The Navy’s efforts must be transparent and intentional, without any hint of a willingness to sacrifice quality for quantity in achieving our organization’s inclusion, diversity, or warfighting readiness objectives. Leaders may need more training to show empathy or compassion. However, formal training is not required to personally care about this issue by applying the same level of leadership that one would any issue of this magnitude. All Naval officers should display the same will and determination for mission accomplishment, and they should mirror that focus in the areas where it is desperately needed: listening, empathizing, learning, and adapting. Our One Navy Team of today has a moral obligation to ensure we are not talking about this issue for another 50 years. S
This article first appeared in Proceedings; www. usni.org/magazines/proceedings/2020/june/ burden-black-naval-officer. Reprinted with permission. Copyright 2020 U.S. Naval Institute / www.usni.org.
You can read this story online at: https:// www.blackengineer.com/article/theburden-of-a-black-naval-officer-bylieutenant-commander-desmond-walkeru-s-navy/
by CCG Editors editors@ccgmag.com
IF YOU’RE PLANNING A CAREER, YOU MAY BE WONDERING WHAT SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATH (STEM) FIELDS WILL LOOK LIKE IN FIVE TO 10 YEARS. FIRST AND FOREMOST, THE FUTURE OF STEM CAREERS, INCLUDING THOSE IN THE MILITARY, IS PROMISING. EXPANDED PROMINENCE, MORE SIGNIFICANT NEED, ENDLESS INNOVATION, AND RISING SALARIES MAKE ANY FUTUREFORWARD STEM CAREER PATH A GOOD BET FOR PROSPECTIVE STUDENTS, ENROLLEES, ACTIVE SERVICEMEMBERS, AND VETERANS.
FORTIFYING OUR FRONT LINES: STEM IS THE FUTURE OF DEFENSE
Many people think of engineers, chemists, and computer programmers when they think of STEM jobs. But there are countless career options that are part of the branches of the United States military. For example, many military branches employ engineers or specialist technicians. Servicemembers excel at medical skills, robotics, engineering, and problem-solving. In order to build and maintain a pipeline of successful, military-connected students who are prepared to enter the global STEM workforce, the Defense Department has maintained the Department of Defense Science, Mathematics, and Research for Transformation (SMART) Scholarship Program, part of the National Defense Education Program. The U.S. Army is one of the largest employers of STEM professionals, and it has a three-pronged approach to preparing students and job seekers for STEM careers. A major path is through the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), a wide network of both civilian engineers and soldiers who perform engineering work across the globe and in a wide variety of situations, which gives them an advantage in being future-forward. For example, engineers with USACE have worked to rebuild communities devastated by natural disasters, design and construct temporary or permanent infrastructure in war-torn areas, and design innovative solutions for every issue imaginable in combat zones. If you’re looking into any aspect of engineering, the USACE is a great choice to build versatile experience and remain at the forefront of innovative engineering practices. The Navy lists high-priority roles that are in demand and command a higher enlistment bonus because they are critical
to our military’s success and readiness and involve specialized skills that will serve our country well, now and in the future. Perhaps the most future-forward role is the electronics technician nuclear (ETN) role, operating a submarine’s nuclear reactor.
According to the Navy’s website, “If math and science make your heart race, you might have the makings of an Electronics Technician Nuclear. As an ETN, you operate and perform maintenance on the electronic systems that make the reactor on Navy ships run. You must have a superior work ethic and an intense curiosity for all things in the world of physics. But out here, it pays to be smart. Not only will you get hands-on experience that nuclear techs in the civilian world can only dream about, but you’ll also be eligible to receive up to a $38,000 bonus for first-time enlistment. Re-enlistment bonuses are also available. As an ETN, you’ll have the power of a nuclear reactor in your hands.” The Air Force Research Laboratory offers servicemembers and civilians alike an opportunity to work in a well-funded, innovative work setting where they can apply expertise in chemistry, aerospace engineering, planning, leadership, research, and other core science domains. Those looking for enlistment in the Air Force will also find future-forward career paths, such as physicist, nuclear engineer, radar systems technician, aircraft armament systems roles, and perhaps the most future-forward role available— biomedical equipment. According to the Air Force, “From replacing parts and repairing components to inspecting equipment to ensure they fall within operating regulations, these professionals play a critical part in keeping our hospitals
and field clinics fully operational.” By some estimates, over 1.5 million retirements are expected from the United States Armed Forces. This shift will not only require the enrollment of new servicemembers but will also open up opportunities for current members of the Armed Forces to seek new specializations or roles. Another trend is an increased demand for STEM jobs, as more occupations and industries rely on scientific and technical skills, environmentally responsible products and energies, technology-laden products and processes, and the automation of many jobs. S
Ifyou’re a job seeker, college student, high school senior considering “what’s next,” or a high school graduate thinking of a career change, enlisting in one of the branches of the United States military offers exciting future-forward career paths. We have compiled the careers that are considered future-forward because they’re not only on the cutting edge of innovation, but they’ll most likely lead to future careers that don’t exist yet! A perfect example of this is the field of wearable medical devices and biomedical equipment. Biomedical professionals design, test, implement, repair, and maintain wearable medical devices such as prosthetics or advanced sensors embedded in a person’s body. Servicemembers who specialize in this area are on the cutting edge of medicine and treatments, and will be equipped for the futuristic wearables of tomorrow!
Future-forward STEM careers exist in all of the U.S. Armed Forces branches. Below are just a few examples for each branch:
ARMY: Biomedical equipment specialist, biochemist, environmental engineer, cryptologic cyberspace intelligence analyst NAVY: Aerospace and operational physiologist, explosive ordnance disposal technician, Naval reactors engineer AIR FORCE: Nuclear engineer, aircraft armament systems engineer, missile and space systems electronic maintenance, developmental engineer MARINE CORPS: Military occupational specialties include; intelligence, utilities, engineering, construction, facilities, signals intelligence, chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear defense SPACE FORCE: Aerospace engineer, computer scientist, information technology specialist, fusion analyst, space systems operator
In general, the Air Force and Navy tend to employ a wider variety of futureforward roles, given the futuristic equipment and infrastructure they utilize. The Marine Corps offers a rigorous, specialized set of career paths that may engage some recruits. The Army offers a great set of specialized careers, as well. In the end, your desired branch has, at a minimum, several options for you to consider. Want to be an engineer? Each branch has some level of engineering for you. Want to be a scientist? Each branch offers specialized scientific roles. Not ready to decide? Enlist and learn what suits you best! Looking to experience another part of the United States or even another country? Then consider picking a future-forward career such as nuclear engineering. All of our Armed Forces utilize nuclear technology, lasers, and semiconductors in order to achieve and maintain their objectives around the world. Where are these jobs typically available? In general, these careers are available globally, as our Armed Forces deploy specialists all over the world both in and out of combat zones. To some degree, more opportunities exist around military bases and centers. So, consider researching which military bases and complexes are closest to your current or desired location. For example, Annapolis, MD, is home to a major Naval base, so many jobs are located there. The best way to prepare for these careers, depending on your desired branch of service, is to speak with a recruiter or advisor prior to enlisting. There are many educational programs geared toward potential recruits seeking to prepare themselves for a futureforward STEM role in the military. The Department of Defense Education Activity (DODEA) is responsible for managing the pre-kindergarten through 12th-grade educational programs on behalf of the Department of Defense. DODEA is globally implemented, operating 160 accredited schools in eight districts located in 11 foreign countries, seven states, Guam, and Puerto Rico. Current high school students should consider several military-backed programs aimed at opening access to STEM careers, such as the SMART Scholarship program. This program offers full tuition to students pursuing STEM degrees, annual stipends, internships, and guaranteed employment with the Department of Defense upon degree completion. Likewise, the Office of Naval Research in partnership with the Marine Corps manages the Naval Science Awards Program. High school students are eligible for certificates and awards won through regional and state science fairs. The Office of Naval Research also offers a Science and Engineering Apprentice Program that can help academically talented high school students apprentice in Department of Defense laboratories. These programs allow students with an aptitude and interest in STEM to gain valuable experience, networking, and insights into the roles and responsibilities that await them in a STEM military career. By connecting with the military branches’ many outreach initiatives and financial support programs, high school students and potential recruits can build their skills, connect with advisors, engage in internships, and serve the United States in a future-forward career. S
