Thursday, February 10, 2022 Vol. 131, No. 20 by The Rocky Mountain Collegian

collegian SPECIAL EDITION Vol. 131, No. 20

Thursday, February 10, 2022

COVER ILLUSTRATION BY FALYN SEBASTIAN THE COLLEGIAN

COLLEGIAN.COM

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION FORT COLLINS FOCUS

TOP STORIES NEWS: Free speech is safe at CSU — should hate speech be too? PAGE 4

THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN

CANNABIS: Cheba Hut: Free speech, the restaurant PAGE 7

OPINION: Head to Head: The Stump debate PAGE 14

SPORTS: Black studentathletes fight for social justice on social media PAGE 18

A&C: 20 years of restricted speech: Panhandling in Fort Collins PAGE 21

PHOTO: ‘What does free speech mean to you?’ PAGE 8 & 9

FOCO EVENTS Sybrina Fulton Black History Month keynote speech in the Lory Student Center Grand Ballroom C/D 6 p.m. Feb. 10

CSU men’s basketball game against California State University, Fresno in Moby Arena 7:30 p.m. Feb. 11

5th Annual Onesie Bar Crawl at The Yeti Bar and Grill 4-11:59 p.m. Feb. 12.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Michael Humphrey, a media ethics and issues assistant professor, poses for a portrait in his office on the Colorado State University campus Feb. 1. “Within the classroom there are limitations to what we can do,” Humphrey said. To read the whole story on free speech in the classroom, go to collegian.com PHOTO BY GARRETT MOGEL THE COLLEGIAN

Lory Student Center, Suite 118 Fort Collins, CO 80523

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This publication is not an official publication of Colorado State University, but is published by an independent corporation using the name ‘The Rocky Mountain Collegian’ pursuant to a license granted by CSU. The Rocky Mountain Collegian is a 5,000-circulation student-run newspaper intended as a public forum and is printed on paper made of thirty percent post-consumer waste. It publishes every Thursday during the regular fall and spring semesters. The Collegian publishes online Monday through Thursday. Corrections may be submitted to the editor in chief and will be printed as necessary on page two. The Collegian is a complimentary publication for the Fort Collins community. The first copy is free. Additional copies are 25 cents each. Letters to the editor should be sent to letters@collegian.com.

CORRECTIONS

Everybody makes mistakes, including us. If you encounter something in the paper you believe to be an error, please contact us at: copy@collegian.com.

Letters to the Editor reflect the view of a member of the campus community and are submitted to the publication for approval. Readers may submit letters to letters@collegian.com. Please follow the guidelines listed at collegian.com before submitting.

EDITORIAL STAFF Katrina Leibee | Editor-in-Chief editor@collegian.com Serena Bettis | Content Managing Editor managingeditor@collegian.com Devin Cornelius | Digital Managing Editor managingeditor@collegian.com Rachel Baschnagel | Night Editor copy@collegian.com Lauren Pallemaerts | Copy Chief copy@collegian.com Falyn Sebastian | Design Director design@collegian.com

Jocelyn Lapham | Print Editor design@collegian.com Trin Bonner | Illustration Editor design@collegian.com Courtney Walston | Page Manager design@collegian.com Luke Bourland | Photo Director photo@collegian.com Tri Duong | Photo Editor photo@collegian.com Noah Pasley | News Editor news@collegian.com Hayden Hawley | Cannabis Director cannabis@collegian.com

Bella Eckburg | Opinion Director letters@collegian.com JD Meltzner | Opinion Editor letters@collegian.com Taylor Paumen | Sports Director sports@collegian.com Karsyn Lane | Sports Editor sports@collegian.com Kota Babcock | A&C Director entertainment@collegian.com Maddy Erskine | A&C Editor entertainment@collegian.com Cat Blouch | Social Media Editor socialmedia@collegian.com

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION STUDENT SPEECH

‘We’re loud’: A history of student protests By Noelle Mason @noellemaso

College campuses have been a hotspot for political protests and demonstrations of free speech since their beginnings. In America, many impactful campus protests happened in the late 1960s and early ‘70s in protest of the Vietnam War.

“We’re loud, and we

care with our hearts, and we care with our heads.” LEORA GREENE FOURTH-YEAR CSU PSYCHOLOGY STUDENT

“Whenever I think of a college protest, I think of Kent State (University),” said Leora Greene, a fourth-year psychology student at Colorado State University.

The Kent State protests, which occurred May 1-4 of 1970, were in direct response to President Richard Nixon’s invasion of Cambodia during the Vietnam War. The Ohio Army National Guard was called to intervene in the conflicts and on May 4, some of them fired into the crowd, killing four students and wounding nine. Greene said the Kent State protests were a strong example of students taking action on a national issue. “That whole generation went from this silent generation of, ‘You do what you’re told’ to, ‘I don’t understand why we are perpetuating injustice,’” Greene said. Similar violent protests occurred on campuses around the country, including at Colorado State University. Strikes occurred on the CSU campus in the days following the Kent State Shooting and, on May 8, 1970, smoke was reported coming from Old Main, one of CSU’s oldest buildings, which subsequently burnt to the ground. Investigations concluded the origin was arson, but it is still unknown who set the fire. Another important set of historical campus protests are the Columbia University protests of 1968, which involved the construction of what appeared to be a segregated gymnasium between

Protesters on The Lory Student Center Plaza at Colorado State University during the CallOutCSU protest Sept. 17, 2021. The protest was in response to incidents of hate speech on campus during the fall 2021 semester. PHOTO BY MICHAEL MARQUARDT THE COLLEGIAN

the university and Harlem in New York City. Black students occupied an administration building for about a week before police showed up in force and the students left, but the occupation caused the university to scrap its plans for the gym altogether in March 1969. “Protests in general are an opportunity to let administration or the powers that be know how students feel about any range of issues that impact us regularly,”

Greene said. “At the very least, it forces other students who may not otherwise be paying attention … to pay attention to what’s happening in their direct sphere.” Exhibitions of free speech regarding racial injustices have occurred on our own campus, including in 2019, when students spoke out against a racial injustice perceived to be perpetuated by the University in the way they handled a blackface photo posted by a student on social media.

Greene said the blackface photo protests, from which the @NotProudToBe Instagram account was formed, was an example of how students can come together in solidarity and pave the way for future reform. “We’re loud, and we care with our hearts, and we care with our heads,” Greene said. Reach Noelle Mason at news@ collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION STUDENT SPEECH

Free speech is safe at CSU — should hate speech be too?

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY CHARLIE COHEN THE COLLEGIAN

By Dylan Tusinski @unwashedtiedye

Last semester, two preachers arrived on The Plaza. According to firsthand accounts, they spouted racism, sexism and homophobia that students who actively engaged with them and students walking by could hear. While their arrival has become something of an annual routine for Colorado State University students, the fallout after their departure is anything but. A debate surrounding the First Amendment and the notion of free speech has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Some claim free speech is under attack on college campuses, while others claim some people are abusing their First Amendment rights. The preachers’ presence on campus brought that fiery debate from the headlines to The Plaza. While the presence of controversial preachers on The Plaza is relatively normal for CSU students, the campus’ response to the preachers last September ignited a spirited debate on campus. After the preachers left their spot on The Plaza, a few students formed a group called CallOutCSU to facilitate a protest against the preachers and

organize a list of 11 demands of the University’s administration. Among the demands were that CSU President Joyce McConnell condemn hateful behavior, such as that of the preachers, that CSU establish a task force to monitor and investigate similar displays of hatred and that CSU relocate provocative speakers from The Plaza to the more isolated Stump. That demand brought the nationwide debate over free speech to Fort Collins. The debate is centered on one fundamental question: What exactly is free speech, and is it safe at CSU? The answer to that question is a bit more confusing than it may seem. Historically, CSU has been a staunchly pro-free speech University. Even after bias-related incidents regarding blackface, white nationalist propaganda and swastika graffiti on campus, the University’s administration has repeatedly declined to take action against those perpetrating incidents like these, citing its commitment to the First Amendment. CSU’s response — or lack thereof — has drawn both scorn and praise from campus political leaders. Gabby Reichardt, the president of conservative student group Turning Point USA at Colorado State University, said she and her organization approve of the way CSU has handled bias-related incidents in recent years. Reichardt said even though she disagreed with the messages of the

preachers on campus last semester, she supported the preachers’ right to be on campus. “We never advocated or aligned with anything (the preacher) was saying, but we were advocating for his right to be there on public property,” Reichardt said while tabling on The Plaza. “People very much have the right to use their two legs they used to walk towards him to walk away from him.” Reichardt did mention that while she approves of how CSU’s administration has handled questions around free speech, she doesn’t like the mindset students on campus have on the issue. “When it comes to college campuses … they kind of coin hate speech as something that’s always illegal, but they think that they should define what hate speech is, whereas hate speech is defined legally,” Reichardt said. Reichardt’s point is partially correct — hate speech has no specific legal definition, but speech that is inflammatory, hateful or otherwise offensive has been repeatedly ruled to be protected speech. On the other side of the aisle, Douglas Ringer, who graduated from CSU in December 2021 and was president of CSU Young Democrats at the time of his interview with The Collegian in December 2021, argued the opposite. He said many perpetrators of recent bias-related incidents crossed the line between free speech and harassment,

effectively removing their First Amendment protections. “We spoke out against (the preachers) a lot and participated in the protest against them,” Ringer wrote in an email to The Collegian. “From what I have heard them say, they are hateful bigots who have no place on campus. I am a strong believer in the First Amendment and the protections it affords us; however, I think that much of what they said overstepped what may be considered protected speech.” Ringer’s point is one that also has a partial basis in court rulings and legislation on the First Amendment. Speech that acts to incite violence or otherwise disrupt the peace has been ruled as not protected by the First Amendment. Hate speech, however, has also been repeatedly ruled to be protected speech. Heather Hicks, an assistant professor of political science at CSU, rebuked the politicized nature of the free speech debate. She said CSU hasn’t refused to punish hateful rhetoric out of a political ideology but rather out of legal necessity. “The First Amendment only applies to public universities because it says the government cannot infringe on freedom of speech,” Hicks wrote in an email to The Collegian. “Public universities are considered part of the government for the purposes of the First Amendment because they get public funding and are basically run by the government.”

“Whether a speaker’s First Amendment rights have been abridged depends on whether they were trying to speak at a public or private university,” Hicks wrote. Hicks clarified that hate speech is a term that has very little legal weight. There are no laws banning or limiting hateful speech, as it has been repeatedly protected by the First Amendment. “The Supreme Court has ruled that hate speech is protected under First Amendment freedom of speech,” Hicks wrote. “Most recently, in (the) 2017 case of Matal v. Tam, the Supreme Court issued an unanimous ruling, which stated (that), ‘Speech may not be banned on the ground that it expresses ideas that offend.’” “In other words, hate speech is included under free speech,” she wrote. What’s yet to be seen, though, is how CSU’s community will handle the notion of free speech. While CSU itself may not be able to do much to keep provocative speakers from preaching hate, propagating violence or otherwise riling up the campus, students at the school are showing increasing willingness to publicly oppose speakers they see as hateful. Reach D ylan Tusinski at news@ collegian. com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION READ YOUR RIGHTS

The freedom to read: How libraries uphold the First Amendment

Students utilize the study spaces and resources on the second floor of the Morgan Library Aug. 30, 2021. PHOTO BY CONNOR MCHUGH THE COLLEGIAN

By Noah Pasley @pasleynoah

While a wealth of knowledge is available at the click of a keyboard and a Google search away for many, local libraries have long played their part championing access to reading materials for the general public. Even at schools and universities, the library is crucial to the learning process — a role thrown back into the limelight

after a Tennessee school district unanimously voted to remove the graphic novel “Maus,” which depicts experiences of the Holocaust, from its curriculum. Randyn Heisserer-Miller, head of collection strategies at Colorado State University Libraries, said public school libraries draw a lot more critique of their collections because their content is geared toward children, while public libraries and academic libraries are

generally more protected due to the populations they serve. “We’re here for intellectual freedom,” Heisserer-Miller said. “We ... and all publicly funded libraries try to offer a wide variety of voices and perspectives because that’s the tenet of a library. Intellectual freedom is the ability for someone to go into an institution and get a wide variety of viewpoints, ... to have access to that information.” The executive director of the Poudre River Public Library District, Diane Lapierre, said she is a champion of intellectual freedom. She added that it is often most important to add controversial texts, such as banned books, to the collection and retain them. “(These) are the titles that create strong reactions and foster discussion and challenge people to potentially see the world in a different way,” Lapierre said. “I ... trust that people of all ages and backgrounds can make those decisions for themselves as to what they check out and what they read and how they think about it.” She also said the First Amendment goes beyond the right to free speech and extends itself to having dialogue and enabling a free exchange of ideas. She said it is a library’s role to provide additional context for people as they are

forming opinions and discovering how to express their values.

“I think (it) is fundamental to the First Amendment to give everyone a voice and give everyone an opportunity to think thoughts and explore ideas and share them broadly.” DIANE LAPIERRE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR OF THE POUDRE RIVER PUBLIC LIBRARY DISTRICT

Lapierre said the Poudre River Public Library District also reaffirms the First Amendment by granting free resources, including technology and tech expertise, staff and the district’s collections. “It underlies why public libraries exist — that idea around free and equal access to all is important to the

work that we do and how we support the community,” Lapierre said. “I think (it) is fundamental to the First Amendment to give everyone a voice and give everyone an opportunity to think thoughts and explore ideas and share them broadly.” Heisserer-Miller said libraries are called to uphold “autonomy and anonymity” by the American Library Association as a mission to provide a variety of ideas and affirm the freedom to information. He added that the premise of banned books is scary, as it limits the information available to people and in turn restricts free thought and understanding. “Having the conversation is not bad at all because it reminds us we shouldn’t be passive when these sorts of challenges happen,” Heisserer-Miller said. “I think we as a society — and organizations — try to make us think about them so we don’t get complacent.” Lapierre said she thinks Fort Collins as a community is able to hold meaningful conversations about challenging topics as opposed to other places across the country. “We’re not immune from the ideas or challenges, ... but we have a different mutual respect for these ideas and different perspectives,” Lapierre said. Reach Noah Pasley at news@ collegian.com.

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Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION STUDENT SPEECH

A recent history of First Amendment conflicts on campus

The Associated Students of Colorado State University senate votes Senator Koby Peters to leave the meeting after arriving in blackface as part of a costume Oct. 30, 2019. COLLEGIAN FILE PHOTO

By Austria Cohn @austriacohn

Colorado State University has experienced many freedom of speech issues in which the administration’s decision for action did not sit well with students. Below are some of the most controversial freedom of speech incidents that happened on campus from 2018 until now. This list is based on the most controversial stories published by The Collegian.

CSU students pose in blackface

In September 2019, four CSU students posted a photo on Snapchat with black charcoal face masks on while doing a pose from “Black Panther.” The photo was captioned “Wakanda forevaa.” The history of blackface is deeply rooted in racism, as white performers in the 1800s darkened their skin and acted in ways that perpetuated negative stereotypes of Black people. The University did not take any legal action against the students,

claiming it would impede on their First Amendment rights. “We also affirm that personal social media accounts are not under our jurisdiction,” CSU President Joyce McConnell wrote in an email. “Our community members — students, faculty and staff — can generally post whatever they wish to post on their personal online accounts in accordance with their First Amendment rights.” Many students spoke out about the post and shared their experiences with racism on campus. There’s a timeline of this event on The Collegian’s website along with an exclusive interview with Leana Kaplan, who was one of the four individuals in the photo.

CSU student expelled after racist social media posting

In 2020, CSU was made aware that an incoming freshman, Neal Van Houten, was posting racial threats on social media. “I am disgusted and angry that any member of our community would think such things, let alone think it acceptable to use their violent words publicly as weapons,” McConnell wrote in a Facebook post.

CSU tweeted, “Due to the violent and threatening nature of the language used, this post moved beyond the protections of the First Amendment.” According to a Collegian article published in 2020, this was the first time the University expelled a student because of racist social media posts.

Charlie Kirk’s appearances on campus

Charlie Kirk is considered a conservative activist, and he made two appearances at CSU: as a speaker in 2018 and as part of a “Culture War” event in 2019. Donald Trump Jr. was his guest, and the two discussed political values and views along with socialist ideas. Both years, protesters and counterprotesters showed up. “Throughout the night, counterprotesters were heard yelling, ‘Jews will not replace us’ and were seen making the ‘Heil Hitler’ sign,” according to a Collegian article that was written about the 2018 event. “Authorities armed with riot gear and a canine unit” were present to disperse the groups, the same Collegian article states.

There is a gallery of photos from the 2019 event on The Collegian’s website.

Preachers speak on campus

One of the most recent controversies that happened at CSU was in September 2021, with two preachers in heated arguments with students. This took place over the span of two days near the Lory Student Center. Though this was not the first time The Plaza saw preachers, it was one of the few times a group of this magnitude formed around them. “I see myself as a Christian, but I’m also pansexual,” CSU student Nancy Kahdeman told The Collegian at the time of the event. “I believe that God is full of love and loves everybody, and this man is preaching nothing but bigotry and hate.” The University did not take action against the preachers, but McConnell sent out an email addressing the incident. “Even when hateful speech is legally protected, I urge everyone at CSU to use their First Amendment rights to counter speech that diminishes any member of our community,” McConnell wrote in an email.

The Associated Students of Colorado State University remove Black senator wearing blackface from session In October 2019, senators showed up to the Associated Students of Colorado State University chambers in costumes, including Senator Koby Peters, who attended the meeting wearing “Canadian flags, a wig and black paint on his face,” according to a Collegian article. According to a statement Peters gave to The Collegian, the costume was “intended to incite anger over the reelection of Canadian (Prime Minister) Justin Trudeau, who recently (faced) public criticism over a recently uncovered photo of him in blackface.” The ASCSU senate voted to remove Peters from the chambers. “In order to make a change, we must be controversial,” Peters said in a prepared statement. “My choice of costume was intended to create conversation and to break down racial barriers, and the best way to do that is through comedic relief.” Reach Austria Cohn at news@ collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION FREEDOM OF WEED

Cheba Hut: Free speech, the restaurant By Hayden Hawley @hateonhawley

Cheba Hut “Toasted” Subs is a cannabis-themed sandwich shop founded in Tempe, Arizona, in 1998. Their unique branding and kitschy college-town authenticity has helped them open 50 stores across 15 states, with 16 in Colorado alone.

“We get hit up all the time, like, ‘Oh, when are you guys gonna start infusing sandwiches?’ That’s a great idea, but it’s not for us.” SETH LARSEN CHEBA HUT CHIEF RELATIONSHIP OFFICER

In its lifetime, Cheba Hut has grown from a local curiosity to the nation’s foremost weed-themed sub place. The sandwiches, which range in size from “nug” to “blunt,”

are named after famous cannabis strains, and the drinks are billed as “cottonmouth cures.” The lack of subtlety is the brand. “We’re fortunate enough to be able to celebrate cannabis in our restaurants,” said Cody Edgin, vice president of operations at the chain. “It wasn’t cool when we started.” Though Cheba Hut’s decor is mostly unique to each location — they all come complete with a custom mural — they share one feature: a plaque with a few lines of the First Amendment, sending a clear message: You can’t stop us from doing this. “I guess Cheba Hut is kind of an ‘F you’ to the man,” said Seth Larsen, chief relationship officer. “The green wave has kind of taken over here in the last five years, but we have been doing this for 24 years, and the lay of the land was a lot different back then.” Despite their expansion into several cannabis-prohibition states, the restaurant chain has only had to wage one freedom of speech battle — here in Colorado. Cheba Hut opened its Greeley, Colorado, location in early 2011. The Greeley municipal judge, who was in charge of doling out liquor licenses, denied their right to serve beer and wine based on the theme. According to a Greeley

A Cheba Hut employee takes a sandwich out of the toaster at the location on 2550 E. Harmony Road, Fort Collins, Colorado, Feb. 4. PHOTO BY AVERY COATES THE COLLEGIAN

Tribune article, the judge asked founder Scott Jennings if he was a “frequent or chronic user of marijuana” in trying to judge his moral character. After a monthslong appeal process, the license was approved just days before Jennings would have had to file a free-speech lawsuit. “It’s not illegal to talk about marijuana,” said attorney Maria Liu, who represented Jennings in the appeal, to the Greeley Tribune in 2011. “It’s not illegal to publish a menu that references marijuana in its sandwich names. It’s not illegal to order a sandwich that has the name.” The irony of running a cannabisthemed sandwich shop when so

many people are still in prison for nonviolent pot offenses isn’t lost on Cheba Hut. That’s why they matched and donated $1 from every sandwich sold by participating restaurants on Jan. 20 to the Last Prisoner Project, raising a total of $33,000 for cannabis law reform. The event was called Smoke Out Injustice. “Currently, there are over 40,000 people still incarcerated, and that just doesn’t sit well with us,” said Melissa Banister, the company’s marketing manager. “Anything we can do to help and pay it forward, we want to do for sure.” Despite their staunch appreciation of cannabis culture, Cheba Hut wants to be clear: They

just make the food and serve the beer. The weed part is up to you. “We’ve always only been sandwiches only, and we never want to confuse our customer,” Larsen said. “We get hit up all the time, like, ‘Oh, when are you guys gonna start infusing sandwiches?’ That’s a great idea, but it’s not for us.” Cheba Hut sees its immediate future as one of “mindful growth,” continuing to franchise roughly 10-15 restaurants a year. “We have a long history of zigging when everyone else is zagging,” Larsen said. Reach Hayden Hawley at cannabis @collegian.com.

FREEDOM OF WEED

Dispensaries work around strict advertising regulations By Lindsay Barker @barkerlindsayj

Cannabis companies are extremely limited in what language and images they can use in advertising. In order to continue attracting customers, businesses have to devise creative alternative marketing strategies to skirt these laws. “It’s very difficult,” said Cory Mitchell, operations manager at Flower Power Botanicals. “We face what I would call unfair treatment for how we’re allowed to advertise.” Colorado’s cannabis advertising laws can create obstacles for cannabis

businesses that hinder their ability to reach a target audience. Social media platforms also censor cannabis content, making it difficult for cannabis companies to have a wide reach online. A Colorado law stated that cannabis companies cannot advertise on television or radio without “reliable evidence that no more than 30% of the publication’s readership is reasonably expected to be under the age of 21.” This rule also applied to print and digital media. Cannabis advertising is censored by social media platforms like Instagram, Snapchat and TikTok. Once the

Flower Power Botanicals account was flagged for cannabis on Instagram, the platform continued to keep a close eye on the account, Mitchell said. He also said he attempted to advertise on TikTok, but after putting some funding into it, he was denied and did not receive a refund.

“We can’t have weed leaves in the photos; we can’t say much other than the name of our dispensary. ... It’s just very vague; we kind of walk on eggshells.” CORY MITCHELL FLOWER POWER BOTANICALS OPERATIONS MANAGER

A billboard stands advertising Flower Power Botanicals Feb. 6. Flower Power Botanicals is located at 1308 Duff Drive, Fort Collins, Colorado. PHOTO BY LUKE BOURLAND THE COLLEGIAN

“That’s why I’ve turned the page on digital stuff and (have) gone back to more print and billboards, trying

to get the visibility,” Mitchell said. Cannabis businesses are also restricted in outdoor advertising, although Fort Collins did allow Flower Power Botanicals a simple billboard on Mulberry Street. Flower Power Botanicals also has two banners hanging at the intersection of Lemay Avenue and Duff Drive. “We can’t have weed leaves in the photos; we can’t say much other than the name of our dispensary,” Mitchell said. “It’s just very vague. We kind of walk on eggshells.” Advertising agencies also need to keep up on the current advertising laws to ensure their clients are protected. “We typically use research and best practice for all of our strategies and require our clients to have a licensed attorney have an eye on things for legal purposes,” PufCreativ CEO John Shute wrote in an email to The Collegian. PufCreativ is a cannabis marketing agency serving Denver and the surrounding areas. These laws and restrictions have led cannabis companies to create marketing strategies that differ from noncannabis businesses. Dispensaries can sponsor community events as well as highways.

“We’re going to look into working with some local breweries and Taste of Fort Collins,” Mitchell said. “We have to work around the laws a little bit and try to partner with other social gatherings and events that allow us to get our name out there.” The Sponsor a Highway program is popular with dispensaries and has proved an effective way to expand reach without getting in legal trouble. Dispensaries can sponsor a stretch of highway by paying for its maintenance and, in exchange, place their logo on the highway. Mitchell found that text-blast softwares like springbig have also been effective at communicating with customers, although they have to communicate using specific codes in order to prevent cell phone carriers from recognizing and censoring the texts. Businesses can incur hefty fines from the Federal Communications Commission should they violate carrier policies, Mitchell said. “We kind of have to reinvent the wheel as far as where and what we’re allowed to do,” Mitchell said. Reach Lindsay Barker at cannabis@ collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION ON THE STREET

‘What does free speech mean to you?’ Three members of the The Rocky Mountain Collegian’s photo desk were tasked with interviewing people on campus at Colorado State University regarding free speech Jan. 24 through Feb. 1. What follows in this gallery are the thoughts and opinions surrounding free speech — on campus and in the classroom — as spoken by some of the students at CSU.

“

speech is) just being able “ (Free to express your own opinion. - CASEY BROWNE

“

I believe freedom of speech should be allowed as long as it is not hurtful intentionally.

“

PHOTO BY MILO GLADSTEIN THE COLLEGIAN

- ROBERT WIGGINS PHOTO BY GARRETT MOGEL THE COLLEGIAN

“

It’s something I feel is being taken for granted, … but for myself and all Americans, I hope it stays around for good. - BRAD SHURTS

speech) honestly means “ (Free expressing yourself however

“

PHOTO BY GRAYSON REED THE COLLEGIAN

you want and accepting how others express themselves. - ELIZABETH SEITZINGER

PHOTO BY MILO GLADSTEIN THE COLLEGIAN

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION ON THE STREET

‘What does free speech mean to you?’ “

think free speech is being able to say what “ Iyou want to say as long as it’s not hateful or

derogatory against anyone on or off campus. - RYAN FRY

speech is) an opportunity “ (Free for anybody to voice their

“

PHOTO BY GRAYSON REED THE COLLEGIAN

opinion and get people excited about certain issues. - COOPER BISSET

What’s sad is you can say whatever you want — even if it offends someone else, it can be protected under free speech.

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PHOTO BY MILO GLADSTEIN THE COLLEGIAN

- AVERY RIDDOCH

PHOTO BY MILO GLADSTEIN THE COLLEGIAN

(Free speech is) being able to express yourself and say what you want to say.

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- NICK FERGUSON PHOTO BY GARRETT MOGEL THE COLLEGIAN

View the rest of this photo story at collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION FREEDOM OF SILENCE

Staying silent is just as powerful a freedom as speech By Dillon Gross @dillongross

Editor’s Note: All opinion section content reflects the views of the individual author only and does not represent a stance taken by The Collegian or its editorial board. Words are powerful; they always have been. Revolutionary texts like Thomas Paine’s “Common Sense” were integral to the founding of the United States. In a day of prevalent social movements and political events, it is expected that everyone has an opinion on everything. Of course, differing opinions are good and beneficial for democracy. With anyone able to get a Twitter account and say whatever they want, the internet is constantly flooded with more words than anyone could ever read. The constant expectation for people to speak up about everything, however, is harmful. Forcing people to speak on issues when they are unwilling can be detrimental in the same way that silencing people is. Just because you have an opinion doesn’t mean you

need to share it at all times. It’s easy to get swept into one social cause after another, but sometimes it’s beneficial to not say anything at all. Just because you’re silent does not mean you’re against the cause. It can be better to be quiet and genuinely listen to marginalized voices than say something purely out of social obligation. Posting an informational graphic on Instagram does very little for followers who are probably too busy to actually read and absorb it. It’s performative activism; it does more for the person who’s posting it than anyone else. Staying silent, listening and amplifying the voices driving a social movement are more important than jumping on the bandwagon just to prove to everyone that you care. The recent emphasis on sharing pronouns is another example of how forcing someone to speak can be harmful. There are lots of reasons why cisgender people sharing their pronouns can be beneficial for the LGBTQ+ community, but forcing someone to share their pronouns can be detrimental. Sometimes people aren’t out

or open about their preferred pronouns. Sometimes they just don’t know. Forcing them to share can prematurely shove them out of the closet or make them share pronouns they know do not feel correct to avoid the aforementioned situation. Colorado State University, luckily, is not guilty of this. There is often an encouragement to share pronouns but not a requirement. Any student who doesn’t want to tell the class their preferred pronouns is free to not answer that question and move on. Utilizing the American freedom to speak is good, but sometimes the absence of words can say even more. The Pledge of Allegiance is an example of when silence can say infinitely more than words do. From a very young age, American children are taught the Pledge of Allegiance, a near-daily school ritual of standing up, putting your right hand over your heart and pledging allegiance to the United States of America. As young children, we think nothing of it. It’s just another part of the daily routine, like recess and circle time. But as we grow into young

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY CHLOE LELINE THE COLLEGIAN

adults, forming minds and opinions of our own, pledging allegiance may not be something we want to do. Take Generation Z, the generation to which many college-aged students belong. As children growing up in America, we watched the stock market collapse, the continuation of the longest American war and gun violence in the very schools in which we say the Pledge of Allegiance. In the state of Colorado, public schools cannot require any students or faculty to recite the pledge. However, reciting it is still the expectation and seen as normal. Why should children who have been disappointed and hurt by the

institutions of America be expected to stand up every day and pledge their loyalty to this country? The freedom to say the Pledge of Allegiance every morning comes with the freedom to sit silently through it. Some Americans love it and others don’t. It comes down to how you use your words and if you choose to use them at all. Freedom is inherently the ability to choose. Freedom of speech is the freedom to choose what to say and when to say it — it comes with the responsibility of knowing when silence can be even more powerful. Reach Dillon Gross at letters@ collegian.com.

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Thursday, February 10, 2022

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Sale prices are for in-store shopping only. Does not include phone, curbside pick up orders, delivery, online or app orders. Berryhill Cremant de Bourgogne Demi-Sec - Save $10 �� $14.99

LaLuca Prosecco, Prosecco Rosé �� $11.99

Bisol

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Borgo SanLeo

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Cave Liberal

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Louis Dousset

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Lunetta

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Chandon

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Blanc de Pinot Noir, Brut, Rose �� $19.99

Charles Sparr

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Devaux

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Augusta Brut - Save $15! �� $34.99 Cuvee Rosé - Save $20! �� $39.99 Cuvee D - Save $25! �� $44.99

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Gruet

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Robert de Nola

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Santa Margherita Prosecco �� $18.99

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Korbel

Brut NV Yellow Label - Save $10�� $54.99

Brut, Brut Rosé, Extra Dry, Sweet Cuvee, Sweet Rose �� $11.99 Natural, Organic Brut �� $14.99

Veuve Cliquot Ziegler

Cremant d’Alsace Rosé - Save $7 �� $12.99 Prices good February 10 thru February 13 2201 South College • (970) 226-8662 www.WilbursTotalBeverage.com Open M-Sat 9-10 • Sun 9-7

Cigar City

Apres Ski Sea Salt & Lime Pale Lager, Colorado Red, Cranknbrew Coffee Pale Ale, Snow Juice New England Style IPA & Sourado Dry Hopped Session Sour 6 pack cans �� $10.99

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Boneyard

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Miller MGD & Lite

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Bud, Bud Light & Budweiser Select

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Michelob Ultra

30 pack cans �� $20.99

Pabst Blue Ribbon

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750 ml �� $14.99 New Amsterdam Gin 1�75 L �� $17.99 Beefeater Gin 1�75 L �� $34.99 Taaka Vodka 1�75 L �� $8.99 Western Son Vodka 1�75 L �� $14.99 Cote D’Azur Imported Vodka 750 ml �� $17.99 Stoli Imported Vodka 1�75 L �� $21.99 Tito’s Texas Vodka 1�75 L �� $27.99 Grey Goose Vodka 1�75 L �� $49.99

Gray ’s Peak Small Batch Gin

1�75 L �� $13.99

Seagrams Gin or Gin Twist

GIN & VODKA

750 ml �� $18.99 Jameson Irish Whiskey 1�75 L �� $39.99 RedBreast 12 yr old Irish Whiskey 750 ml �� $52.99

Bushmills Irish Whiskey

IRISH WHISKEY

1�75 L �� $11.99 Seagrams 7 Canadian Whiskey 1�75 L �� $16.99 Crown Royal Canadian Whiskey 1�75 L �� $42.99

Black Velvet Canadian Whiskey

CANADIAN WHISKEY

Very old 90�2 Proof Single Barrel Bourbon 750 ml �� $54.99

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Jack Daniels

AMERICAN WHISKEY

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Chateau Gloria

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Cupcake Vineyards

Gewurztraminer, Riesling, Riesling Dry, Riesling Harvest Select�� $7.99 Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Rosé, Sauvignon Blanc �� $8.99 Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah �� $11.99 Indian Wells: Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, Red Blend �� $14.99

Chateau St. Michelle

Barbaresco - Save $10�� $24.99

Chateau Terre Blanque

Bordeaux Rouge - HALF PRICE! �� $7.49

Chateau Pericou

Medoc - Save $5 �� $14.99

Chateau Mazails

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Chateau Marsau Prelude

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Chateau Le Manoir

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Mt Beautiful

NZ Sauvignon Blanc �� $16.99

Locations

Sauvignon Blanc �� $12.99

Kim Crawford

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19 Crimes

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Graves Bordeaux - Save $7 �� $17.99

Chateau Lamothe

Chateau Guillon

Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc, Malbec - Save $5 �� $7.99

Traversa

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Torneo - NEW

Cabernet Sauvignon, Malbec Save $5 �� $9.99

Spice Block

Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc �� $6.99

Las Estelas Malbec - Save $6�� $13.99 Painted Face

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La Espera

Malbec, Sauvignon Blanc Save $5 �� $7.99

Kitek

All Types �� $6.99 Frontera All Types ��2 for $10

Cono Sur Bicicleta

Le Petite Clos - Save $15 �� $44.99

Clos Apalta - NEW

All Types �� $8.99

Casillero del Diablo

Rosado, Torrontes/Riesling�� $8.99 Malbec �� $12.99

Amalaya

SOUTH AMERICAN WINE

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, Toscana Rosso - Save $7 �� $17.99

Verga La Storia

Nero di Troia - Save $5�� $14.99

Torti Pinot Noir - Save $6 �� $11.99 Torre del Falco by Torrevento

“Baby Barb” Barbera �� $10.99

Love Rosso - Save $5 �� $7.99 Prophecy Pinot Grigio �� $9.99 Sant’Agata

Cupcake Pinot Grigio �� $8.99 Heredis Nebbiolo - Save $7�� $12.99 La Pranda

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Bogle

Chateau Gigognan

Bourgogne Chardonnay Vielles Vignes, Clos des Avouries - Save $10 �� $19.99

Chateau De Messey

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Chateau de Corcelles

Saint-Emilion Grand Cru Save $10 �� $34.99

Chateau de Candale

Cotes de Bourg - Save $7 �� $12.99

Chateau de Barbe

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Chateau Clement Saint-Jean

Entre-Deux-Mers �� $8.99

Cabernet Sauvignon Save $7 �� $12.99

Block 832

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Black Oak

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707 Wine

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AMERICAN WINES

Chateau Canteloudette

Charles Sparr

Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris Save $5 �� $14.99 Gewurztraminer - Save $5 �� $17.99

Heritage Hills Bourbon Cream or Honey 750 ml �� $19.99

Rosé - Save $5 �� $11.99

Belle de Provence

FRENCH WINE

IMPORTED WINES

Cabernet Sauvignon, Grateful Red �� $16.99

Winter Park Winery

Colorado Wines

Cinnamon Whiskey (Glass or Plastic) 750 ml �� $12.99

Fireball

VS Brandy 1�75 L �� $17.99 VSOP Brandy 1�75 L �� $19.99 XO Brandy 750 ml �� $12.99 Courvoisier VSOP Cognac 750 ml �� $34.99 Hennessy VS Cognac 750 ml �� $39.99 Baileys Irish Cream 1�0 L�� $32.99 Hochstadler’s Slow & Low 750 ml �� $22.99 Grand Marnier Orange Liqueur 1�75 L �� $74.99

E&J

LIQUEURS & CORDIALS

Sale prices are for in-store shopping only. Does not include phone, curbside pick up orders, delivery, online or app orders.

Prices Good Feb 10 thru Feb 13, 2022

12 Thursday, February 10, 2022

Silver Tequila 750 ml �� $59.99 Reposado Tequila 750 ml �� $69.99 Anejo Tequila 750 ml �� $99.99

Cincoro

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Don Julio

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Tierra Noble

Single Barrel Anejo Laphroaig Edition 750 ml �� $114.99

El Tesoro

Plata or Reposado Tequila 1�75 L �� $27.99

Sauza Hornitos

TEQUILA

Little Bay Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $59.99 14 yr old Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $74.99

Oban

12 yr old Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $54.99

Dalmore

12 yr old Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $44.99 Enigma Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $99.99 Ardbeg 10 yr old Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $52.99

Glenlivet

12 yr old Single Malt Scotch 750 ml �� $32.99

Glenfiddich

Red Label Scotch 1�75 L �� $32.99 Black Label Scotch 750 ml �� $33.99 Green Label Scotch 750 ml �� $54.99 Blue Label Scotch 750 ml �� $174.99

Johnnie Walker

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SCOTCH & SINGLE MALTS

4 yr Anejo Rum 750 ml �� $13.99 5 yr Rum 750 ml �� $16.99 7 yr Rum 750 ml �� $19.99 12 yr Rum 750 ml �� $34.99 18 yr Rum 750 ml �� $44.99 Ron Abuelo Anejo Rum 1�0 L�� $14.99 Captain Morgan Spiced Rum 1�75 L �� $21.99

Xila Organic

Chenin Blanc/Viognier �� $11.99

Cabernet Sauvignon Yountville HALF PRICE!�� $24.99 Zombie Zinfandel�� $9.99

Sparrows Quarrel

Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir Save $10 �� $14.99

Robledo Family Winery

Paso Robles Zinfandel Save $5 �� $9.99

Rancho Costero

Syrah Bien Nacido Vineyard, Santa Maria Valley - Save $10 �� $19.99

Qupe

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Protest

Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Red Blend, Rosé �� $9.99

Prophecy

Pine Ridge

ITALIAN WINE

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Corte Pavone

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Cascina Boschetti

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Antinori

Veneto Rosso - Save $5�� $9.99

Antale

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Priorat - Save $6�� $15.99

Slates of Bonmont

Roble - Save $5 �� $14.99 Crianza - Save $10�� $19.99 Reserva - Save $10 �� $29.99

Salcis

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Castillo de la Peña

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Campo Viejo

Rioja Garnacha - Save $10 �� $39.99

5 Barrels Terra Alta - Save $8�� $14.99 Altos Montote

SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE WINE

Bordeaux Blanc - Save $5�� $11.99 The Gnome Knows Grenache �� $8.99

Petit Freylon

Cotes du Rhone Rouge, Cotes du Rhone Blanc, Nature �� $9.99

Perrin

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La Vieille Ferme

Beaujolais Villages, Rosé �� $10.99 Macon Villages �� $11.99 Chardonnay �� $14.99 Pinot Noir �� $16.99 Pouilly Fuisse �� $24.99

Louis Jadot

Cabernet-Syrah, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc Save $5 �� $9.99 Lalie Rose - Save $5 �� $9.99

La Croisade

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Guigal

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Florian Mollet

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Domaine de Rosiers

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Domaine Belleville

Montagne Saint-Emilion Save $15 �� $34.99

Clos de Bouard

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Chateau Terre Blanque

Bordeaux Rouge - HALF PRICE! �� $7.49

Sauvignon Blanc - Save $8 �� $14.99 Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel Save $8 �� $16.99

Pezzi King

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Orin Swift

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Noble Vines

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Moonlit Harvest

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Michael David

Red Wine - Save $5 �� $9.99 Cabernet Sauvignon Save $5 �� $12.99

Lyeth

Pinot Gris �� $14.99 Chardonnay Black Label, Pinot Noir Black Label �� $18.99 Russian River Chardonnay �� $26.99 Russian River Pinot Noir �� $34.99

J Vineyards

Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Red Blend, Rosé, Sauvignon Blanc �� $11.99

Pinot Gris, Rosé - Save $5�� $14.99 Pinot Noir - Save $5�� $19.99

Greetings from the Willamette Valley

Cabernet Sauvignon Save $10 �� $19.99

Greetings from the Napa Valley

Napa Cabernet Sauvignon Save $20 �� $39.99

Great Sage

Cabernet Sauvignon, Zinfandel Save $5 �� $12.99

Diamond Hitch

Cabernet Sauvignon Save $10 �� $19.99

deLorimier Estates

Chardonnay, Butterkissed Chardonnay, Decadent Red Black Forest, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Red Velvet, Rosé �� $8.99 Dark Horse All Types �� $7.99

NZ Sauvignon Blanc �� $16.99

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To join in the discussions, join our email list, if you have any questions, and for additional savings and promotions�

Crisp White, Delicious Blush, Delicious Red, Red Sangria 5�0 L�� $11.99 Burgundy, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Merlot, White Zin 5�0 L�� $15.99

Peter Vella

Fisheye All Types 3�0 L�� $14.99

Black Box All Types 3�0 L �� $17.99

Anthony ’s Hill by Fetzer All Types 1�5 L�� $8.99 Corbett Canyon All Types 1�5 L�� $6.99 Gallo Family Vineyards All Types 1�5 L�� $8.99 La Vieille Ferme Blanc, Rosé, Rouge 1�5 L�� $12.99 Sutter Home All Types 1�5 L�� $9.99 Two Vines All Types 1�5 L�� $11.99 Barefoot All Types 3�0 L�� $17.99

ECONOMY WINES

Bonterra

Chardonny, Sauvignon Blanc�� $11.99 Cabernet Sauvignon, Equinox Red Blend, Merlot, Rosé�� $13.99 Pinot Noir �� $16.99

Organic Wines

Clare Valley Cabernet Sauvignon, Clare Valley Shiraz, Promised Land Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling Save $5 �� $14.99 Jarmann Cabernet Sauvignon Save $5 �� $17.99 St Andrews Cabernet Sauvignon, St Andrews Shiraz - Save $20 �� $29.99 Yalumba Y All Types �� $10.99

Wakefield

Pinot Noir - Save $5�� $9.99

Sisters Ridge

Chardonnay - Save $6 �� $11.99 Prophecy Sauvignon Blanc �� $9.99

Mt Beautiful

2201 South College • Open Mon-Sat 9–10 • Sun 9–7 • (970) 226-8662 • www.WilbursTotalBeverage.com

5.99

Your Choice

Salento

Pinot Grigio

Antale

Wilbur the Wine Wizard

NON ALCOHOLIC Ginger Beer 6 pack cans �� $7.99

Kure’s

NON ALCOHOLIC Variety Pack 12 pack cans �� $25.99

Untitled Art

Margarita & Variety Pack 12 pack cans �� $16.99

Cayman Jack

Transcontinental & Happy Trees 4 pack cans �� $13.99 Blanc, District Dry & Pride 4 pack cans �� $10.99

Anxo Cider

Apple, Cassis, Kriek, Framboise, Peche & Strawberry 12 oz btls �� $5.99

Lindemans

4 pack cans �� $8.99

Young’s Double Chocolate Stout

Grapefruit, Lemon & Raspberry 4 pack cans �� $10.99

Stiegl Radler

The Original Single Malt Whisky Cask Matured Scottish Golden Beer & Caribbean Rum Cask Caribbean Rum Cask Matured Scottish Red Beer 6 pack btls �� $10.99

Innis & Gunn

8 pack cans �� $12.99

Guinness Draught

12 pack �� $14.99

Stella Artois BOTTLES & CANS

12 pack btls �� $15.99 12 pack cans �� $14.99

Pacifico

Jai Alai Mixed Pack 12 pack cans �� $17.99

Cigar City

@CSUCollegian

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION STUDENT SPEECH

THE STUMP DEBATE

HEAD-TO-HEAD The Stump was introduced as a representation of free speech on Colorado State University’s campus. After being purchased by two student media employees and placed on campus in the 1960s, it still occupies space on The Lory Student Center Plaza. Two columnists, Cat Blouch and Bella Eckburg, debate The Stump’s significance. Is it still the free speech platform it once was, or has the passage of time rotted the wood and integrity? You decide.

The Stump is still a The stump is a memory symbol of free speech of free speech’s past By Cat Blouch

beliefs, for businesses to market and for political candidates to campaign. The weight of The @blouchcat Plaza as a playground for information and opinions to be exchanged never felt more Number 18 on the list of 70 things to do prevalent than following the recent polarizing before you graduate from Colorado State events of preachers coming to The Plaza to University is to “Make a statement on The promote religious ideology. Stump in The (Lory Student Center) Plaza.” It’s no coincidence that the hub of ideas The Stump, an aptly named tree stump in The on campus is also the exact location of LSC Plaza, has been on campus since 1964, The Stump. It’s not in The Oval, not the when two student media employees bought Intramural Fields and not the quad behind it for $4.50 and etched the word “Collegian” the Clark Building but The Plaza. into the side as a symbol While many of free speech. students may not be The Rocky Mountain aware of The Stump’s Collegian and The Stump existence, they don’t have a long-standing, necessarily need to inherent relationship. It “You don’t have to be for The Stump is this relationship that to have significance get on The Stump cements The Stump as as a symbol of a symbol of free speech and pour your heart free speech. The even today. At the core connection between out to all who can of free speech is lack of the location of The censorship, which is what hear to understand Stump and the role The Collegian strives for its significance and The Plaza plays as in providing unbiased a tangible space history. Even so, I news to the student body, where students and and thus, The Stump encourage you to do community members can be seen as a tangible can not only feel safe so — that’s what it’s representation of not only in expressing ideas the truth being told but there for.” but are encouraged also the exchange of ideas. to do so cements The You cannot ignore the Stump as a symbol of presence of The Stump, free speech. not only in the symbolism In other words, even if students don’t know of its history but in the pride the University about The Stump itself, they know about the has in keeping it as a living symbol and part culture of The Plaza, and The Stump precedes of our tradition. It’s one of the first things we this culture and, in many ways, is the catalyst. learn about the University, in fact. As we arrive You don’t have to get on The Stump and on campus, orientation leaders are sure to point pour your heart out to all who can hear to out The Stump — what it is, what it means and understand its significance and history. Even so, why it is important. I encourage you to do so — that’s what it’s there The symbolic significance of The Stump for. Colorado State University is a place where cannot be denied, but it is so much more than individuals of all backgrounds and walks of life just a token of free speech. It cements the whole can express themselves and share their opinions. Plaza as a physical space where free speech is The Stump is a physical representation of encouraged on campus. CSU’s promise to encourage this exchange, a For better or worse, The Plaza has long literal platform for student voices and a symbol been a place on campus for individuals to share of free speech that has stood the test of time. personal opinions, for protesters to demonstrate Reach Cat Blouch at letters@collegian.com.

By Bella Eckburg

Point USA campus coordinators, who felt that it represented the University’s intolerance @yaycolor of specific viewpoints. The sign even gained attention nationally. It is true that the round tree stump that sits This is certainly missing the point, as the just outside the Lory Student Center stands as a resources allow students to submit bias reports Universitywide acknowledgment of upholding if they feel like they’ve been discriminated students’ rights to free speech and protesting. against. It’s not that people are snowflakes, it’s The Stump rests atop the concrete season to that they’re honoring these groups’ right to free season, bearing the cold and heat of Fort Collins speech while also maintaining accountability weather. In 1964, The Collegian’s former editor for what they say. John Hyde and former Reach editor Shelton You have a right to protest and speak freely, Stanfill bought The Stump for less than $5 to and CSU is honoring that right while also being be used as a platform for mindful of the impact free speech on campus. these events might have Although it has its on students. The Stump roots in free speech and itself is representative of the word “Collegian” this right, but it feels like initially carved deep “Making your it’s been more recently into its bark, it has lost used by groups wanting presence physically its former sheen over to push the boundaries. the years. known on campus In a social media With The Collegian’s era, CSU has to do to advocate for free transition to an altmore than monitor speech is important, weekly publication, the goings-on of The The Stump stands as but so is maintaining Stump on The Plaza. a memorial of free Free speech on campus accountability online, speech’s past. also occurs in the digital The last few years which, admittedly, is a realm, and CSU should have been wrought with daunting task.” maintain the same anger, uncertainty and attitude toward it there. restlessness. Life amid a The Stump is an pandemic is harder than important reminder we thought it would of free speech’s past be, and the growing distrust in media and on campus, but those 1964 student media journalism only furthers that strife. employees could not have foreseen the rapid The U.S. scores low on media literacy overall, changes the future brought us. and free speech is increasingly associated There is more outright anger now, or so with a blurring line between regulation of it seems. Online happenings can feel louder conspiracy ideas and protecting everyone’s First than the voices of those on The Plaza. Making Amendment rights. your presence physically known on campus to So is The Stump enough? Sure, it represents advocate for free speech is important, but so the University’s history with free speech and is maintaining accountability online, which, stands as a reminder that college campuses admittedly, is a daunting task. are places where social change is bred, but the The Stump is a memorial of free speech, but University can and should do more. it feels less significant amid the chaos. Using its One on-campus sign reached out to students perceived power to push boundaries or to toe and faculty who have been affected by a free the line between free speech and hate speech speech event on campus and offered resources can make it feel more like a curse than a blessing. to them. This raised questions for Turning Reach Bella Eckburg at letters@collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

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SPECIAL EDITION SPEECH AND SOCIETY

Media personalities have an ongoing war with truth By Chase Hontz @hontzcollegian

Editor’s Note: All opinion section content reflects the views of the individual author only and does not represent a stance taken by The Collegian or its editorial board. Following the emergence and sustained spread of the COVID-19 pandemic over the past two years, our nation has been hit with a slew of complex issues stemming from the deadly disease. No issue has been more prominent and dangerous than the spread of COVID-19 misinformation that has seemingly become common practice for attention-seeking media personalities across the country. Two years into this unprecedented health crisis, it seems that many among the media have taken it upon themselves to act as self-declared medical experts. There are no two better current examples of this than Fox News host Tucker Carlson and immensely popular podcaster Joe Rogan. While these two media personalities are far from the only people within their respective fields to be guilty of such actions, they are the two most highprofile examples currently within mainstream American media. As such, it stands to reason that the claims and actions of the two men act as a fair barometer in terms of measuring the COVID-19 misinformation actively being spread by media personalities. Both Rogan and Carlson have repeatedly been cited promoting baseless claims that methods or tools such as lockdowns, masks or vaccines are ineffective — and possibly even counteractive — in the fight to lessen the pandemic spread. Furthermore, the two have also promoted a number of even more bizarre conspiracy theories regarding COVID-19.

To name just a few, such conspiracies include: ■ Claims that coronavirus vaccines insert government microchips into patients and that the supposed microchips are the doing of Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates ■ Claims that the United States government is withholding COVID-19 medical treatment methods and medications ■ Claims that medications such as ivermectin (an antiparasitic drug for horses) and hydroxychloroquine (a drug designed primarily to treat malaria) are effective in combating COVID-19 While such conspiracy theories are mindnumbingly outrageous, they have unfortunately circulated and gained a great deal of traction among the general public. This is due in large part to Carlson averaging 3.21 million viewers each night and Rogan averaging 11 million listeners per podcast episode. Needless to say, both “Tucker Carlson Tonight” and “The Joe Rogan Experience” have massive audiences that consistently tune in to hear the two respective hosts spread their wide arrays of COVID-19 misinformation and conspiracy theories. Considering these alarming statistics, one is led to wonder why these two men might be motivated to spread such harmful misinformation. Furthermore, one also can’t help but wonder what

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY SOPHIA SIROKMAN THE COLLEGIAN

“In a time of crisis amid a pandemic, it is of utmost importance that Americans who are educated on matters regarding the coronavirus exercise their First Amendment right.”

Getting banned on Twitter

NOPE DOPE

Hate speech Discussing opposing viewpoints Cheba Hut

can be done to stop — or at the very least regulate — both Carlson and Rogan’s seemingly endless collection of dangerous lies. “You know, it’s really hard to know what they genuinely believe,” said Michael Humphrey, an assistant professor of journalism and media communication at Colorado State University. “What I do know is that it gathers a lot of attention both from the counterpublic as well as mainstream media.” Although spreading misinformation goes against journalistic ethics, there is money to be made in the news entertainment industry — one that isn’t bound by hardcore ethics guidelines — especially when the U.S. recently scored low in overall media literacy. “There’s a clear motive to do it from an economic point of view,” Humphrey said. “Whether that’s their motive or not, it’s obvious that would be one of them. As media figures, attention is everything, and they get a lot of attention for doing this.” When it comes to regulating misinformation, there’s a battle between clickability and truth. Counternarratives such as pandemic conspiracy theories simply get more views. “The problem is that narratives that don’t necessarily fit in (mainstream media)

Spreading misinformation Heated debates in class The Stump Freedom of the press

tend to get more attention than narratives that do,” Humphrey said. “But still, I think that hearing more stories about people who’ve been through COVID, who’ve changed their mind about COVID, who’ve had personal experiences with it through themselves or their family (is important). (There are) lots of stories like that out there, and I think more organized and engaging ways of telling those stories is the best way to deal with this.” As made clear through the harmful rhetoric consistently being distributed by Carlson, Rogan and others, freedom of speech is a double-edged sword. While the freedom to openly express opinions and thoughts with one another is quite possibly the single greatest liberty that our country has to offer, it can also act as an incredibly dangerous tool for those who seek to weaponize their speech in the name of profit or self-gain. In a free society like ours, the only way to effectively combat lies is with an overabundance of truth. There is no democratic way in which reckless figures such as Carlson and Rogan can be silenced. They seem to have chosen to lie for their own financial benefit, and, as disheartening as it may feel, they have the right to do so. With that being said, it is important to remember the right to free speech acts as a twoway street. In a time of crisis amid a pandemic, it is of utmost importance that Americans who are educated on matters regarding the coronavirus exercise their First Amendment right. I urge all Americans to fulfill their civic responsibilities by drowning out such misinformation by pushing for the truth. Only together can we combat those who seek to harm or divide us through speech. Reach Chase Hontz at letters@ collegian.com.

Realizing you’re wrong while arguing

The safety of being able to express your opinion

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION Sponsored Content

SPEECH AND SOCIETY

Social media platforms are not bound by the First Amendment By Nathaniel McKissick @natemckissick

Editor’s Note: All opinion section content reflects the views of the individual author only and does not represent a stance taken by The Collegian or its editorial board. In recent years, the internet has become a hotbed of misinformation. In 1710, Jonathan Swift mused that “falsehood flies, and truth comes limping after it.” Three centuries later, this quote still rings true, especially on social media platforms where the truth often goes unchecked by the everyday user. COVID-19 plunged us face-first into an era that exacerbated this issue even further, giving rise to misinformation surrounding the COVID-19 vaccine, the coronavirus itself, ostensible treatments like ivermectin and ultraviolet therapy, mask sentiments and more.

“So is suspending someone for spreading misinformation censorship? In the most literal definition of the word, sure. But are anyone’s First Amendment rights in active danger when they receive the boot from Twitter? Absolutely not.” In response, social media platforms that hosted these falsehoods have taken to suspending users or adding a flag to their posts, disclosing that the information displayed may contain inaccuracies or misinformation. Users have taken up arms, calling such labels and punishments censorship and an infringement of their First Amendment rights. Although this comes up a lot during conversations surrounding misinformation on social media, the First Amendment — which protects free speech, freedom of religion, the right to assemble and petition and the freedom of the press — only protects American citizens from infringement of these rights by the government, not private entities or platforms. Those spreading false information on these websites seem to think of the First Amendment as their get-out-of-jail-free card, but that’s simply not the reality. In the same way that private businesses have the right to refuse service to, well, just about anybody, social

media companies can do the same. Though few actually read them, each platform has policies and rules by which users must abide when using their service. Twitter has policies on COVID-19 misinformation, violence and manipulated media. Even sitting presidents aren’t immune to the iron fist of social media guidelines. In 2020, former President Donald Trump made several tweets containing unverified claims that the 2020 presidential election was actively being stolen. Twitter responded by attaching a flag, which made it clear that “some or all of the content shared in this Tweet is disputed and might be misleading about an election or other civic process.” In January 2021, Trump was suspended from YouTube and Facebook and permanently banned from Twitter. In the months following, states like Wisconsin, Florida and Texas proposed legislation that would prevent social media platforms from banning users from holding a specific viewpoint or censoring them. So is suspending someone for spreading misinformation censorship? In the most literal definition of the word, sure. But are anyone’s First Amendment rights in active danger when they receive the boot from Twitter? Absolutely not. Social media platforms are not obligated to play host to disingenuous information, and, as stated, the First Amendment only protects suppression from the government. Courtenay Daum, a political science professor at Colorado State University, expressed a similar sentiment. “I think one can reasonably argue that this is censorship in the sense that the word censor means to suppress or prohibit, and social media companies are taking action to suppress and prohibit some content, but all forms of censorship are not First Amendment violations,” Daum said. Daum went on to say that no one’s First Amendment rights are violated when they are suspended or banned from social media. Twitter is not an agent of the state or federal government. It has its own rules for its platform, and when people use it in a way that isn’t in accordance with these rules, Twitter can punish them as they see fit. Unfortunately for Trump and other exiled denizens of the web, the First Amendment doesn’t allow them to run amok on social media platforms, and to force Twitter and Facebook to bend their policies to allow such egregious behavior is rather Draconian, or harsh. Those who wish to share their unhinged conspiracy theories can do so elsewhere. Reach Nathaniel McKissick at letters@collegian.com.

By Anna Jelden Plants can be a great way to decorate your home, apartment, or give life and vibrance to a dull space. Being a plant parent may seem intimidating if you don’t know where to start. However, there are many houseplants that require little maintenance and can thrive in a variety of conditions.

HOYA KERRII Plant Bio The Hoya Kerrii is also commonly known as the Hoya Heart because of its beautiful heart-shaped leaves. This plant is actually a climbing plant but it’s commonly sold as a single-leaf cutting. Because these cuttings don’t include a node, it’s extremely unlikely that a full Hoya Kerrii plant will develop from them. A mature Hoya Kerrii can grow up to 13 feet high! However, this would take many years since these plants are slow growers. As a semi-succulent, this plant prefers a loose, well-draining soil. Add orchid bark and perlite to regular potting mix to increase drainage. This plant should dry out between waterings and is also not toxic to pets!

Prefers bright, indirect light Water every 2-3 weeks Thrives in humid environments

Did You Know? Give your plants some extra love on Valentine’s Day! Use a clean pair of shears to trim away any dead, brown leaves. Give them a little extra breathing room by aerating the soil. Use a pencil or chopstick to poke holes in the soil around your plant.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION RIGHT TO ASSEMBLE

1970 Moby riot: Students using the athletics stage for change By Bailey Shepherd @b_sheps

What would you do to stand up for what you believe in? To what lengths would you be willing to go? Would you stand boldly in the face of authority to have your voice heard? Would you raise your voice, even if it resulted in condemnation from your peers? How much resistance would you be willing to tolerate? Would you still stand for justice if you were staring down the enforcement apparatus of the government donned in all its militarized garb? Would you be willing to spend time in jail if it meant you could have your message heard? These are questions that citizens, religious followers and journalists have had to ask themselves for as long as the government has existed in our world, with varying degrees of severity of consequences for doing so. The First Amendment is the standard in the U.S. for the freedom of individuals to express themselves. It is the backbone of our democracy, and in 1970, on the Colorado State University campus, a group of students undoubtedly took those same questions into consideration when they found out the Brigham Young University basketball team would be in town to play the Rams. It was Feb. 5, 1970, and the BYU Cougars made the trip to Fort Collins to take on their Western Athletic Conference rivals. However, the atmosphere in Moby Arena that day was palpably different than it had been in games past. At halftime, students were packed into the gym, many of them holding hands, obstructing the way to the court. Students in the crowd held signs with various messages denouncing racism, as there had been a student demonstration before the game protesting the Church of Jesus Christ of Latterday Saints’ policy of not allowing Black men to join the clergy. The game continued as planned. Moments after the halftime buzzer sounded and the players made their way to the locker rooms, a group of students comprised of members

from the Black Student Alliance, Associated Students of Colorado State University and other eclectic pockets of student support made their way to the center of the court with their fists raised in the trademark symbol of the Black Power movement. As Matt Stephens reported for the Coloradoan in 2015, after students took the court, 20 Fort Collins police officers in full riot gear poured in to confront the student protesters. The protest was peaceful, thenASCSU president Jim Starr told the

The crowd and police clash at the February 1970 demonstration against Brigham Young University in Moby Arena. PHOTO COURTESY OF UNIVERSITY HISTORIC PHOTOGRAPH COLLECTION

Coloradoan; the students had done nothing but interrupt the BYU cheerleaders’ halftime routine, and the police were able to clear the court with little resistance and created a line around the court. Then, a lit Molotov cocktail was thrown onto the floor of the gym. While it didn’t explode, as it was

stomped out, that didn’t stop all hell from breaking loose in Moby. Students rushed the court as others in attendance stormed toward the doors, trying to escape the riot that was ensuing within the tight confines of Moby Arena. When the dust settled, seven CSU students were arrested, and the game came to its conclusion with CSU earning a 94-71 victory over the Cougars. Events like this had become commonplace for the Cougars in this period in time. That same season, students at the University

of Arizona set the free-throw line on fire before a game with BYU. Students at Oregon State University had surrounded the court in a game with BYU two years prior as well. All these protests were done in the same spirit of denouncing the LDS church policy of not allowing Black men into the priesthood. This policy seemed to also stem toward the basketball team, as BYU fielded an all-white team at the time. The church repealed the policy in 1978 after Church President Spencer W. Kimball had a revelation from God that “all of our brethren who are worthy may receive the priesthood.” The community’s response to the Moby riot was what you would expect from a population that was predominantly white: outrage. The front page of the Coloradoan the day after the riot read, “Blacks disrupt basketball game,” and student reporters for this very publication, The Rocky Mountain Collegian, in 1970 used a racial slur when referring to those involved. It was a disproportionate and ignorant response when you consider that not only Black students were involved with the protest. The group was comprised of Black, white and Latino students alike. Not only that but all seven of the students who were arrested that day were white. Starr told the Coloradoan that he believed the protest would have remained peaceful if the police hadn’t been involved. Fort Collins Police Services don’t have any record of the Feb. 5 events, according to the Coloradoan’s reporting. This moment of Fort Collins and CSU history is not as well documented as it should’ve been, and the reporting of the era puts a spin on things that ultimately vilifies those who made the choice to use their voice — to stand up for what they believed was right. As students now, we must work to remember the efforts of those who left a legacy of refusing to accept the status quo and using their voice to effect positive change, especially if there is unrighteous authority standing in your way. Reach Bailey Shepherd at sports@ collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION SPEECH AND SOCIETY

Black student-athletes fight for social justice on social media By Michael Giles @michaelrenee10

As Black History Month begins, we want to shine a light on Colorado State University athletes and the role social media plays in allowing them to advocate for social change. As student-athletes, there is an unspoken (and sometimes explicit) code of ethics they must uphold on the internet and in the ways they interact online. While these online ethics can be a bit limiting to the freedom with which athletes are allowed to express themselves and what they believe in, some student-athletes believe promoting social change outweighs any costs of potentially breaking the unspoken code. For student-athletes Allam “Sudi” Bushara and David Aggrey, using their social media platforms to advocate for social change is indispensable to who they are on and off the field. Bushara is a third-year CSU student and track and field athlete. While his teammates and CSU fans can look up to him as

an athlete, he explained that he uses his social media to share credible posts about the ways in which the U.S. justice system oppresses people of color more than white people.

“I am an African American male, which ties into something huge — my life.” DAVID AGGREY

STUDENT-ATHLETE AT COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY

“I feel like this is something everyone needs to know,” Bushara said. “This is real stuff; people are living oppressed.”

David Aggrey, a Colorado State University football player, smiles in the Black/African American Cultural Center Jan. 26. PHOTO BY MICHAEL GILES THE COLLEGIAN

“This isn’t something that I feel I need to be pressured into doing; this is something I need to do,” he continued. “For us athletes, there is a standard that must be upheld. It’s kind of like, ‘Don’t get into trouble, don’t get into controversy, just come here and do your job’ kind of stuff. So sometimes I feel the pressure of not being able to use my social media, but I choose to care less.” Bushara and Aggrey feel as though players’ freedom to share their voices online does not end when they put their jersey on to represent CSU on the playing fields. “In sports, people just think of us as being just a football player or just an athlete, but social justice regards people; it’s tied into everything we do,” Aggrey said. “Once I take off my pads, my jersey and everything like that, I go back to being a regular African American male. It doesn’t matter where I’m at; it doesn’t matter where I go. Yeah, I’m on the football team — I’m No. 47 David A g g r e y, but off the field, I am an African American male, which ties into something huge — my life.” Aggrey is a senior football player at CSU and highly values social justice. As a minority student-athlete, he feels the need to help educate his followers to help advance social change within African American communities and with how the justice system still

Allam “Sudi” Bushara, a Colorado State University track and field athlete, smiles in the Black/African American Cultural Center Jan. 26. PHOTO BY MICHAEL GILES THE COLLEGIAN

oppresses people of color. “I place a huge value on social justice because it’s tied into everything we do as athletes,” Aggrey said. “It’s incorporated into our lives — our daily lives — and many African Americans and other minorities play sports. For me, playing a sport such as football that has a huge minority population, social justice is huge. I place a huge value on social justice because it affects me directly.” While social media is a great place to share information and the spot of choice for both Bushara and Aggrey to encourage social change, both athletes also acknowledged that this form of discourse has both pros and cons. “Recently, I’ve seen more pros than cons, but the cons are really heavy,” Bushara said. “For instance, social media can cause unsourced information to be widespread to people. People start to believe it, and then (the information) becomes a big hoax that is continuous.” For these two athletes, circumventing the spread of misinformation is something they take great pride in. For this reason, they choose to continue to advocate for social justice through their social media accounts, regardless of

having to maintain a certain online composure as student-athletes. Aggrey said he’s never felt a sense of pressure when it comes to using social media to advance social justice with a large sportsfan audience. “I embrace it because if I don’t talk about it and I don’t use my platform to talk about it, then who is?” Aggrey said. “Of course, I know some people may be offended, but it’s better to offend a small amount of people while impacting a huge amount of people to change their perspectives on things and have them ask questions and have their mentality be changed on certain things — certain issues and certain stances that they may not have known about previously or heard about that are not completely correct.” While all student-athletes are still growing adults, learning how to utilize this era’s technology for the better is what many try to do without the backlash of an organization they represent. Prioritizing your life values over organization values is a battle student-athletes will hopefully not have to fight forever. Reach Michael Giles at sports@ collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION SPEECH AND SOCIETY

Name, image, likeness: 7 months into the NIL era

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY BRIAN PEÑA THE COLLEGIAN

By Braidon Nourse @braidonnourse

On July 1, 2021, the college sports world was shaken up by a piece of legislation signed after years of debate. The NCAA eliminated restrictions against college athletes making money for their name, image and likeness — NIL for short. Seven months later, athletes and programs all over the country have been taking advantage of the new rules. The University of Alabama quarterback Bryce Young, this year’s Heisman Trophy winner, has signed 14 NIL deals this season, totaling over an estimated $1 million. New University of Texas at Austin quarterback Quinn Ewers signed a reported $1.4 million deal with GT Sports Marketing back in August 2021 to sign memorabilia. This was before ever taking a snap for The Ohio State University, where he played during the 2021 season before transferring to UT Austin. Two hundred and twenty athletes from OSU have signed a total of 608 NIL deals worth just under $3 million. The Colorado State University NIL info page defines an NIL activity as “an activity that involves

the use of an individual’s … name, image and likeness for commercial or promotional purposes.” Simply put, athletes can be paid for things like social media endorsements, content creation, special appearances, jersey sales and almost everything in between.

“There are a lot of opportunities out there, and we want to ensure our studentathletes approach each one thoughtfully and with the proper education.” JOE PARKER CSU DIRECTOR OF ATHLETICS

“On day one, you saw a wave of student-athletes take advantage of new opportunities,” CSU Director of Athletics Joe Parker said. On that

list of prospective business talent was none other than CSU basketball star forward David Roddy. Roddy sent out a tweet on June 30 (the day the rule change was announced) that read, “Any local or any companies at all that want to use my social media as a platform to promote, do commercials, etc. to brand themselves, my (direct messages) are open for business. Message me if interested.” Within a few weeks, Roddy had his first deal. Having a good friend at DNVR, a Denver sports-oriented media outlet, Roddy started to appear on podcasts, along with promoting DNVR gear through the podcast and on his social media platforms.Included in the deal was his own T-shirt affiliated with the DNVR brand. Roddy’s next big deal was with the 1310 KFKA radio station in Greeley, Colorado, where he periodically cohosts his own radio show,appropriately named the “David Roddy Show,” which is a section of radio host Brady Hull’s “The Hull Show.” Sponsored by Fort Collins-based Krazy Karl’s Pizza, Roddy appears once a week on a live radio show during which he and Hull talk about CSU basketball, Roddy’s personal life and much more. “I’m on Zoom calls with CEOs

and owners of companies, and I thought I would never do that in a million years,” Roddy said. NIL has been a point of discussion for decades around the college athletics space. The longtime question has been whether college athletes, with their amateur status, should be compensated beyond scholarships they may or may not be getting. Since the passing of the new rules, the CSU Athletics department has sided with their student-athletes and their new opportunities. “We have supported NIL legislation from the outset and will continue to support our student-athletes to engage in that space in the appropriate manner,” Parker said. “There are a lot of opportunities out there, and we want to ensure our studentathletes approach each one thoughtfully and with the proper education.” Thus far, Roddy has emulated Parker’s hope of being thoughtful and knowledgeable about engaging in NIL activities. While some athletes could sign deal after deal without thinking about the outcomes, Roddy has taken a more measured approach in choosing what ventures he takes. “First and foremost, it’s mostly

what I would represent myself with,” Roddy said. “Understanding their mission statement and if that aligns with what I think of them and what I think of myself, that’s really where it usually starts.” Roddy has also taken advantage of these NIL opportunities to learn more about himself and how to market himself as a person. “It’s mostly just getting that experience, meeting new people and networking for later in life,” Roddy said, “and creating true relationships with people that can help down the line.” In the first seven months of the NIL era, the opportunities and benefits provided to college athletes are seemingly endless and are not limited to solely financial help. Student-athletes like Roddy all over the country are learning how to market and express themselves as they navigate through college and into the professional world. For athletes at the college level and beyond, the ball eventually stops rolling, and the hope for the NIL era is to give student-athletes the chance to continue their success once their playing days come to an end. Reach Braidon Nourse at sports@ collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION FREEDOM RINGS

Fort Collins’ music scene fosters artistic free speech

The Unlikely Candidates perform at The Coast in Fort Collins, Colorado, Jan. 19. The Coast is co-owned by Jesse Wilson and William “Billy” Chelales and moved to its current location March 1, 2020. PHOTO BY GARRETT MOGEL THE COLLEGIAN

By JD Meltzner @jd_meltzner

Freedom of speech is perhaps the most divisive of the rights so long ago promised to Americans. The extent to which it protects our speech and actions is constantly debated in a multitude of social arenas, including legal matters settled in court and cultural matters settled on social media. However, we often forget that freedom of speech is not exclusive to the political sphere but is also an extremely influential element in matters regarding education, scientific advancement or economic industries. One area impacted by freedom of speech is often overlooked: the world of art — specifically, the music industry. The music industry is notably differentiated from other artistic industries by its obsession with targeting popular topics or stances, oftentimes at the expense of artistic integrity — a practice colloquially known as “selling out.” Thus, musicians often face difficult decisions regarding every aspect of their music: What should the lyrics be saying? What genre should be evoked? What vocal styles should be inflected? To achieve success, it often seems as if the answers to all these questions should be in line with

whatever the culture is devouring at that moment, and oftentimes artists take this route desperate to break into the mainstream of such a competitive industry. But what about artists who decide against this, who decide to break the norm and produce music that lives outside the machinations of “big music”? At the intersection of artists on the fringe and the pressure of the popularity-obsessed industry is where the impact of freedom of speech lies.

“It is small-town music scenes like Fort Collins that fight the music industry’s pervasive culture of infringing upon the free speech of small artists who represent groups seen as outside the norm.” Since the birth of rock ‘n’ roll — characterized by its taboo subject matter and loud, intense sound — the music industry bigwigs and sometimes even the

government have attempted to silence these deviations from musical norms. In the 1980s, concerned parents lobbied for the censorship of rock bands such as AC/DC and Def Leppard, requesting that content warnings be put on their records. Even now, these attacks on musical free speech continue. Legal debates rage over whether or not rap lyrics describing violence can be used as evidence in court cases, with many decrying this practice as an infringement of free speech rights. While these examples present major, wide-spreading examples of freedom of speech being attacked in the music industry, they are merely demonstrative of the suffocating culture of silencing artists who promote sociocultural groups or stances that exist outside the norm pervading the industry. These smaller fringe artists and movements are often suffocated by industry roadblocks. Greater barriers, such as leading music label reluctancy to sign these artists or larger venues denying them opportunities to perform, combine with smaller problems, such as content platforms like YouTube revoking monetization on music videos that they deem inappropriate for advertisers. So how do these smaller artists get their music out? How do they amplify their voices to continually

bring attention to these subject matters that the industry deems inappropriate? They utilize the existence of small-town music scenes that — while not as industry-connected as national scenes like Nashville, Tennessee, or Los Angeles — foster the growth of artists who haven’t yet conquered the music industry beast. These scenes are complex in the way they function, being an amalgamation of demographic factors including location, average local age and more, and yet they are vital to the existence of the music industry’s counterculture. Our very own Fort Collins, while not small itself, is an example of one of these small-town scenes fighting the good fight against the infringement of free speech in music. It is a college town filled with open-minded youth that, in essence, define the music of the fringe artist by oftentimes crusading for awareness of the very same subject matter present in their music. It is also a cultural hub, being one of the largest cities in the state as a whole. Beyond the demographics, Fort Collins has a carefully cultivated music scene that combines the aforementioned music of fringe artists with the unique Colorado-country sound that it built itself upon. Here, everyone gets a shot at telling their story, and venues like

Aggie Theatre have concert lineups that go from bluegrass jam-bands to underground rappers in the course of a week. It is this cultivated fanbase, built upon the origins of the town and the music that came with it, that is introduced to new music and new views that may go against the grain but are respected here all the same. For instance, Alice Longyu Gao, a hyperpop artist, recently performed at The Coast in Old Town. Her music is a brash, exciting take on traditional pop styles, and her lyrics often advocate for the LGBTQ+ community, a group often dismissed by the music industry. Here in Fort Collins, however, her music was welcomed, and she was given a platform without having to jump through industry hoops and sell out her vision. It is small-town music scenes like Fort Collins that fight the music industry’s pervasive culture of infringing upon the free speech of small artists who represent groups seen as outside the norm. It is vital that these scenes are supported and continue to grow, for this is the only way to ensure the survival of a counterculture music scene — one that advocates for the groups cast aside and gives voice to issues considered taboo by the mainstream. Reach JD Meltzner at entertainment @collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

@CSUCollegian

SPECIAL EDITION STUDENT SPEECH

Who counts as a trespasser on Colorado State’s campus? By Kota Babcock and Ivy Secrest @csucollegian

Understanding the role of vaccines in on-campus life has confused students, staff and the local community, especially after Colorado State University sent no trespass orders to students in October related to COVID-19 vaccine submissions or lack thereof. As students navigate vaccine submissions and exemption requests, some campus community members noticed a lack of expectations placed on people on campus that aren’t affiliated with CSU. Nik Olsen, assistant chief of staff for communications and outreach for CSU’s Office of the President, confirmed the vaccine requirements only apply to on-campus students and staff, with some exceptions for contract employees. This means that Plaza speakers, classroom guest speakers and athletic event patrons do not have to follow the same policies. Students have voiced their confusion around the expectations of the University; however, the University’s official standpoint is that the no trespass notice was misconstrued by the media, and several detailed emails were sent to instruct students on how to submit their vaccination status. One student involved in this confusion, Dillon Hinners, said they received the letter unexpectedly.

Hinners spoke to CTV Reporter Natalie Devereaux and said, “I’m not standing up for something bigger, ... I just didn’t know about it.” Many of the vocal critics of vaccine policies include Plaza speakers, which adds a new layer to the potential of charging them with trespassing if CSU does choose to require vaccine information from all visitors. Since these individuals use The Plaza as a free-speech haven or a place to explain their religious values, would CSU charging them amount to some level of silencing? Elizabeth Sink, master instructor of communication studies at CSU, said charging speakers with trespassing would end up being a difficult battle. With a variety of people frequenting CSU’s campus without affiliation, this might end up unfairly targeting the most visible opponents rather than those most frequently violating policies. “Because we don’t have a gated community on campus, people from the community can walk through, and we don’t check them,” Sink said. “I don’t think CSU should serve them with trespassing orders because we’re not doing that on an equal basis with community members just walking through.” Though charging speakers on The Plaza is potentially unachievable due to public access, that doesn’t fully explain the lack of equal enforcement in other aspects of on-campus life. While CSU focuses on

unvaccinated students, visitors make up a significant portion of people with unknown vaccine statuses on campus. According to a statement released by the University on Oct. 11, 2021, over 900 of the 1,325 students contacted reported their status, and the majority of those students were vaccinated. Targeting Plaza speakers exclusively, especially considering that many of them come on campus to speak on their religion, could create additional issues. In many ways, it would also ignore the larger issue of how CSU’s sporting events include many more unmasked, unaffiliated people than The Plaza. Masks are required in classes and presumably at games; however, often this policy is not enforced, even at indoor games. Outside members of the community aren’t required to demonstrate any form of COVID-19 safety, whether it be a negative test or proof of vaccination. Introducing this requirement would not impede on personal choices and freedom related to vaccines but would promote safer experiences for all attendees. It would also show a shared sense of commitment to public safety among all sports attendees and the University community alike. Students can learn more about the University’s COVID-19 policies at covid.colostate.edu. Reach Kota Babcock and Ivy Secrest at entertainment@collegian.com.

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY JESSIE CONLISK THE COLLEGIAN

SPEECH AND SOCIETY

20 years of restricted speech: Panhandling in Fort Collins

GRAPHIC ILLUSTRATION BY CHLOE LELINE THE COLLEGIAN

By Maddy Erskine @maddyerskine_

From 1995 to 2015, Fort Collins was enforcing an unconstitutional panhandling ordinance. Panhandling is “to stop people on the street and ask for food or money,” according to Merriam-Webster. Violation of this ordinance was a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for up to 180 days and a fine up to $2,650. Fort Collins, like many other

Colorado cities, was violating the First Amendment. On Feb. 10, 2015, the American Civil Liberties Union of Colorado filed a class-action lawsuit challenging this ordinance, which resulted in quick repeals. Prior to suing Fort Collins, the ACLU was in the midst of challenging a similar ordinance in Grand Junction, Colorado. “When we did that case in 2015, it seemed like we were hearing about panhandling issues in a number of

communities around Colorado,” said Mark Silverstein, legal director for ACLU of Colorado. “We must have litigated or written letters to the city attorneys — either sued or wrote to city attorneys in probably a dozen Colorado cities about panhandling.” Many people think the First Amendment is the foundation of our democracy. It allows people to speak out on controversial issues without fear of punishment. It also must allow people to speak on personal issues, such as not having enough money for basic necessities. “Some of the arguments made by city attorneys seemed to be based on assuming that, of course, (panhandling is) threatening — it’s a threatening thing for a poor person to come up to you and ask if you can spare a dime,” Silverstein said. “But that’s simply speech; that’s not threatening.” Fort Collins’ former panhandling ordinance made it illegal to panhandle under 11 circumstances: some involving aggression but some involving location and time, such as being within 100 feet of an ATM or

bus stop or panhandling a half-hour before sunrise or after sunset. The Fort Collins City Council unanimously voted to remove seven of the provisions in response to ACLU’s lawsuit. The four that remained aimed only to prohibit aggressive panhandling, making it illegal to knowingly touch or grab someone, use threatening language that could make someone fear for their safety or obstruct a passage in a way that requires evasive action. Since these laws overlap with specific crimes listed elsewhere in Fort Collins law, they were eliminated in 2018 in favor of citing the other existing laws to enforce these rules. “Fort Collins was going after people who were just passively sitting on the sidewalk holding a sign saying, ‘Please help,’” Silverstein said. “They weren’t approaching people; they weren’t molesting people; they weren’t getting in someone’s face, yet simply holding a sign asking for charity was considered a violation of that ordinance. … That kind of passive panhandling was clearly protected by the First Amendment.”

Silverstein said there was a clear inequality when looking at the groups of people who solicited in public spaces, such as Old Town, between those who were allowed to do so and those who were not. Church groups were allowed to ask people if they were saved, and petition circulators can ask for signatures as long as the respective groups do not ask for donations. “People are being targeted because people are uncomfortable by the sight of visibly impoverished people who don’t have enough to eat, don’t have enough money to get by,” Silverstein said. Silverstein said the reason this unconstitutional ordinance was enforced for so long was because of who the ordinance targeted. People experiencing poverty likely do not have a direct connection to lawyers who can help them. “The First Amendment applies, but in a way, we are really getting at some fundamentally cruel inequality in the enforcement of our laws,” Silverstein said. Reach Maddy Erskine at entertainment@collegian.com.

Thursday, February 10, 2022

Collegian.com

SPECIAL EDITION Sudoku Last edition’s sudoku solution

“I just do the commas, bro.”

Last edition’s crossword solution

“Your chatter brings me joy.”

“Ryan Gosling has the personality of wet bread.”

“Sometimes I just want to sit in a tub of lotion.” Have you overheard something funny on campus? Put your eavesdropping to good use. Tweet us @CSUCollegian and your submissions could be featured in our next paper!

WEEKLY HOROSCOPE By Hailee Stegall

TODAY’S BIRTHDAY (02/10/22) AQUARIUS (JAN. 20 - FEB. 18) Let go of what no longer serves you, Aquarius. Allowing yourself to shed things from your life that cause you discomfort is the first

step to happiness. PISCES (FEB. 19 - MARCH 20) Pisces, reach out to an old friend. It may feel as though you’ve drifted from those you love in recent weeks, so take inventory and drop them a line. ARIES (MARCH 21 - APRIL 19) Don’t be afraid to want love, Aries. Your fiery personality lends itself to spontaneity. Truthfully, you need a shoulder to cry on and a warm hug. TAURUS (APRIL 20 - MAY 20) Taurus, take stock of your belief system. Explore deeper into the things that help you find consistency in this tumultuous

state of being, whatever they are. GEMINI (MAY 21 - JUNE 20) The truth can sting sometimes, Gemini. It’s easy to put our heads in the sand and ignore the hurtful parts of existence, but this is the week to face them head-on. CANCER (JUNE 21 - JULY 22) Cancer, have a little faith. People can hurt us sometimes, but it becomes a cruel world if you start lashing out like a wounded animal, regardless of intentions. LEO (JULY 23 - AUG. 22) Put a microscope on life this week, Leo. You’re detail oriented when it comes down to it, so spend this week doing a touch-

up on the little things just for you. VIRGO (AUG. 23 - SEPT. 22) Virgo, break down walls in your mind. There may be a mental block keeping you from doing things you want to do, but remember: The only person in charge of you is you. LIBRA (SEPT. 23 - OCT. 22) Lean into vulnerability this week, Libra. Show your actual feelings to those around you, unashamedly, in pursuit of true authenticity. SCORPIO (OCT. 23 - NOV. 21) Scorpio, keep your friends close and your enemies closer. I mean that less in a “The Godfather”

way and more in a “kill them with kindness” way, if you catch my drift. SAGITTARIUS (NOV. 22 - DEC. 21) Get on your grind this week, Sagittarius. Buckle down and get some work done, whether that be academic, professional or romantic — it all makes a difference. CAPRICORN (DEC. 22 - JAN. 19) Capricorn, do something wild this week. It’s hard to take baby steps into getting out of your comfort zone, so it’s best to just jump right in with both feet.

COMIC ILLUSTRATION BY RYAN GREENE @TFOGDOGS

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