Sydhavns Kvarter A Dynamic Port District Design Realisation Report
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Robert Perry Davis Studio UD | LA Aarhus School of Architecture Spring 2018
Foreword: Det Nye Aarhus In 1933, Københavns Rüdhus hosted an exhibition showcasing the rapid growth of Aarhus as a formidable economic force in the Danish landscape. Some argued that it was progressing even more rapidly than Copenhagen and that the Jysk capital would soon make quite a name for itself, becoming a metropolitan and modern port city. Today, the city is once again thriving and reinventing itself as a capital of culture, a strong economic force, Northern Europe’s largest port, and is stepping onto the international scene as a small town that packs a big punch. This report will detail how one district in particular, Sydhavns Kvarter, will be developed in the coming years to reflect and complement the dynamic, energetic, and progressive growth that Aarhus is experiencing. Sydhavns Kvarter will become a vibrant 24-hour business and cultural district as well as an integral part of the inner harbor development of the city of Aarhus.
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Contents Initial Mappings + Findings
Spatial Guidelines + Regulations
Project Proposal
Development Districts
Material Guidelines
Conclusion 3
Initial Mappings + Findings The following are a series of mappings and diagrams of Central Aarhus with a specific focus on the areas that surround Sydhavn and the developing harbor districts. These mappings were created during the first phase of the project and act as a base from which the project proposal stems.
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City, Harbor, Urban Rhythm 1:10000
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Composite Mapping of Harbor Areas 1:10000
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Bunkeren ved Graven
Bunkeren ved Graven Bunkeren ved Graven
Graven + Mejlgade
Graven + Mejlgade Graven + Mejlgade
Pustervig Torv
Pustervig Torv Pustervig Torv Lille Torv
Lille Torv Lille Torv
Local Scale Studies The following are a series of scale studies within the city center of Aarhus. These diagrams show the wide variety of built scales and spatial arrangements found throughout the city, and one might note that some of the most comfortable and familiar sections of the city are in fact some of the most organicly arranged, and those which contain diversely scaled and mixed uses.
Sankt Clemens Torv
Sankt Clemens Torv Sankt Clemens Torv
The scales found come from a variety of city districts, and focus on three primary building typologies:
Klostertorv
Klostertorv
Urban Typology Industrial Typology Icon Typology
Klostertorv Banegårdspladsen
These scale typologies are the basis for the built scales found within the final project proposal.
Banegårdspladsen Banegårdspladsen
Bispetorv
Bispetorv Bispetorv
Store Torv
Store Torv Store Torv
Familiar Public Scales 1:2000
8 Familiar Public Scales 1:2000
Familiar Public Scales
City
Icon
Industry
Dense Urban Block
Transportation + Public Interest
Field of Low Density
Karrier Block
Culture
Field of Compact Density
Block+ Large Interventions
Subtle Space Maker
Monolithic Halls
Field of Structures
One-Stop Shop
Monolithic Complex
Urban Scales 1:5000
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Site Access + Movement
Shared Space Allocation
1:5000
1:5000
Primary Vehicle Access
Pedestrian Only
Primary Cycle Route
Individually Allocated Movement Zones
Primary Pedestrian Routes
Shared Space
There shall be sufficient access for cars and service vehicles to the site, with minimal amounts of through-traffic. Priority shall be given to cyclists and pedestrians through the site without hindering the necessary vehicular traffic through and around the site. Vehicles will have limited access through the site, allowing for short term parking within the site- and long-term parking within larger parking houses near the harbor. These parking houses should be connected with the coal bridge in order to facilitate a constant flow of people across Sydhavnsgade, into the site, and further into Fredericksplads and Fredericksbjerg.
There shall be several different zones in which movement throughout the site will be regulated. Certain zones will have the traditional allocation of space for pedestrians, cyclists, and cars all on thier own individual paths, while other areas will have a shared nature. This creates safe spaces for pedestrians and cyclists which allows them to feel ownership of the street, allowing for a more active and comfortable urban life throughout the site.
Spatial Guidelines The diagrams above illustrate a series of spatial regulations and guidelines that direct several crucial factors of the project . These guidlines are laid out as a map for the on-going process of Sydhavns development over the coming years. In addition to these guidelines, the project shall be designed based on the eight sub-strategies listed in the municipality’s development and local plans.
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These sub-strategies indicate that the project should contain: 1. A dynamic business ecosystem 2. Spaces for art and cultural production 3. Space for the socially vulnerable 4. A town in motion 5. Access to, from, and around the district 6. Conservation, renewal, transformation 7. Living spaces 8. Activities
Programming
Built Height + Scale
1:5000
1:5000
Mixed Use: Galleries-Workshops-Office
Medium to Large Scale, 7 + Floors
Mixed Use: Commercial-Office
Medium Scale, Up to 7 Floors
Mixed Public Program
Small to Medium Scale, Up to 4 Floors
There shall be a mixture of typologies distributed across the site in order to create opportunities for people of varied backgrounds to interact with eachother at different moments across the site. This mixture fosters a lively city environment, avoiding the dead zones one can find in areas of single-use zoning. The provision of workshops and galleries along the eastern length of the site gives small businesses the opportunity to meet the public as one passes along the recreational route.
There shall be a strict set of areas in which built height and scale are regulated. These height and scale guidelines promote higher and larger buildings toward the already largescale commerical and industrial zones, while leaving the low, smaller buildings to the zone through which the recreational route traverses. This is structure is in place in order to create a zone of smaller buildings around the recreational route, fostering a rich human-scaled zone full of activity.
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Project Proposal The following proposal contains a series of technical and spatial drawings illustrating the final project proposal, which is based on the afforementioned mappings, the spatial guidelines, as well as the guidelines laid out in the local plan and development plan by the municipality.
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Overall Harbor Isometric 1:2000 Southwest orientation
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Sydhavns Kvarter The primary goal of this proposal is to provide a vibrant 24-hour business and cultural district that connects the northern part of the inner harbor to the southern harbor and creates an anchor for future harbor development. The proposal shows a vibrant and mixed district that provides spaces for a variety of different types of business, cultural production, and innovation. The area will be transformed from an industrial site to an industrious site - providing spaces for start-ups, entrepreneurs and artists as well as larger, more traditional scales of business and commerce. The recreational route will weave through this innovative district, allowing passers by a look into the work spaces of local artists and innovators. This will foster invitations for the public to interact with these local businesses and start-ups which will create an exciting and progressive area within the heart of Aarhus. This site lies at the heart of the historic harbor, and once revitalized, will breathe life back into a previously abandoned post-industrial harbor area while maintaining the historic character of the place.
Site Masterplan 1:5000
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(scaled from 1:2000 for print)
Turbinehallen
Comwell Hotel
Jyllands Posten Erhvervsområde
Fredericksplads
Fremtidens Letbane Station
Kreativ Katalysator Kalkværksparken
Kulbroen
Offentlig Kantine
AA Fællesrum Danske Bank
Kunstners Allé Ungdomshus
Kirkens Korshær
Njord Gin Destilleri
Oliefabrikken Restaurant Kohalen
Detailed Site plan
(scaled + cropped from 1:500 for print)
1:1000 N
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Project Guidelines As a whole, the project must incorporate the following guidelines: 1. A variety of built scales, promoting a mixture of business and commercial tenants. 2. Public spaces in varying scales that promote urban life. 3. Shared spaces that give the street back to people instead of prioritizing the car. 4. Open and inviting groundfloors. 5. Architecturally coherent buildings that reflect the heritage and history of the industrial district, while being contemporary and attractive. 6. Flexible buildings that have the potential to be transformed into residences should the restriction on residential buildings in the district be lifted. 7. Parking within the site shall be short term parking. All other long-term parking will be located in parking houses at the edge of the site along Sydhavnsgade
Project Totals Built Square Meters - 70511 m² Vehicle Parking Spaces - 36 (short term surface parking 470 (long term parking house) Bike Parking Spaces - 630
Public Space Diagram 1:5000 N
Project Diagrams The following diagrams illustrate a few of the key factors that drive the project including public space, programming, and built height.
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The diagram above illustrates the public spaces throughout the project, highlighting the use of the recreational route as a dynamic and organic spatial sequence through the site which links further into Mellemarmen. The series of spaces that one passes through along the route are informed by the existing scale of buildings and public spaces already found in both the southern part of Sydhavn as well as on Mellemarmen. The recreational route will act not only as an activator but also as a connector from Sydhavn to Mellemarmen and further into the surrounding harbor areas.
Programming Diagram
Building Height Diagram
1:5000
1:5000
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N
The diagram above illustrates the rich mixture of programs found throughout the site. This mixture improves the urban atmosphere and allows for a series of mixed interactions between the various types of users as well as visitors to the site.
The diagram above illustrates the building heights across the site. This is an important factor in preserving views from the city towards the harbor, as well as in creating human-scale environments that surround the recreational path as it crosses through the site. The location of higher buildings is informed by areas outside of the site that already have high buildings.
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Site Sections The following section drawings illustrate the sectional qualities of the site and how the built structures interact with the public space on a range of scales.
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Site Section 1:500
Fredericksplads
Spanien
Commercial/Office
Kalkværksparken
Commercial/Office
Kunstners Allé
Workshops/Gallery/Office
Mixed Public Use with Parking House
Office
Office
Urban Activator/Exhibition Space Office
Office
Office
Office Public Roof Garden
Commercial/Retail
Gallery/Workshop
Commercial/Retail
Site Section 1:200
Primary vehicle route
Raised garden
Primary Pedestrian/cycle route
Concrete Paver
Detail Section 1:50
Backfilled plant soil mix
Plant root Precast retaining ball set on wall system porus stones
Climate adaptive storm basins
Overflow storm drain
20 cm Klimatile pavers
Cast in-situ bench/planter
15 cm Klimatile
Storm Basin
Detail Section 1:20
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Development Districts The following material is a presentation of how the project is broken down into three primary districts that act as the central focal point of Sydhavns Kvarter. These districts each follow the spatial guidelines laid out earlier in this report, and they each have a unique atmosphere within the site while maintaining an overall continuity with Sydhavns identity. The project is broken down into three districts: A. Erhvervsområde B. Kalkværksparken C. Kunstners Allé
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C
Project Districts 1:2000 N
A. Erhvervsområde B. Kalkværksparken
C. Kunstners Allé D. Waterfront 23
District A: ErhvervsomrĂĽde This district of the project comprises of the most traditional type of office structures. It lies at the northwestern edge of the site and borders the Comwell Hotel and Fredericksplads, which are previously existing high-density areas. This district, while more traditionally structured, shall also be more innovative than a typical business district. The area should challenge the idea of mixed-use structures by providing a myriad of opportunities for not only large corporate tenants, but also smaller commercial tenants and creative industries. The usage of each structure should be varied and divided vertically into multiple functions in order to provide a rich public-private spatial relationship and a range of urban experiences. In this proposal, this goal is achieved by stacking commercial functions, with public green roofs and hanging gardens, with highly efficient and sustainable high-rise structures above.
District Programming 1:2000
Office Commercial Mixed-Use
The higher buildings are arranged in an ascending order from east to west, creating a gradient of built heights starting at the Comwell Hotel and ending with the more humanly scaled quayside at Basin 3 in the inner harbor.
District Figure Ground 1:2000
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Dist
rict
Bou
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District Detail Plan 1:500 N
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Public Ground Floor
Landmark Tower
Stacked Use Tower Public Roof Gardens
Short-term Parking
Market + Rooftop Greenhouse
alv
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vej
ks ær
Covered Outdoor Space
District Isometric View Southwest Orientation
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Concept Visual Primary District Guidelines
District Statistics
A. Building structures shall facilitate a rich public-private spatial experience B. Parking in the site shall be short term only. Long term parking will remain in the parking houses at the edge of the site
Built Square Meters - 33695 m² Vehicle Parking Spaces - 24 (2 hour parking) Bike Parking Spaces - 252
C. All groundfloors shall be public use, or commercial tenants. D. High-rise structures shall be architecturally significant, and must be appropriate for the character of the Aarhus skyline.
Rethinking Mixed-use: Stacked Use
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District B: KalkvĂŚrksparken This district of the project contains a mixture of scales and functionalities. It will have a lively but relaxed atmosphere centered around a park that acts as a small urban oasis in the heart of the post-industrial district. This park is connected to the harbor and to Fredericksbjerg via the repurposed Kulbroen.
District Programming 1:2000
Within this park, several existing buildings of historic significance will be preserved and revitalized in order to maintain the character of the harbor area. Surrounding these historic buildings will be a ring of new structures that reflect the architectural heritage of the site. The users of these buildings shall primarily be a mixture of commercial tenants mixed with artist galleries and workshops. There is a special provision in this district for a boutique hotel in the southwestern corner along the Kulbroen as a way to activate the use of the structure as well as the park by tourists and business travellers.
Office Commercial Mixed-Use Boutique Hotel Workshop/Gallery
Further, the park functions not only as a focal point for leisure activities, but also as an active intervention that aids in climate protection for the area. The implementation of storm basins and bioswales within the park help to absorb the water runoff from the surrounding buildings, allowing the water to more gradually enter the watershed during periods of heavy rain or cloudbursts.
District Figure Ground 1:2000
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Dist
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Bou
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District Detail Plan 1:500 N
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Co-working Space
Urban Mural
Kulbroen Access
Revitalized Artist Galleries
Climate Adaptive Ponds
Public Roof Cafe
Boutique Hotel
To Harbor
Sp a
ni
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To Fredericksplads
Revitalized Artist Galleries
District Isometric View Northwest Orientation
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Short term parking
Concept Visual Primary District Guidelines A. Buildings shall architecturally complement the existing historic structures B. Park areas shall function as leisure zones as well as climate protection
District Statistics Built Square Meters - 19589 m² Vehicle Parking Spaces - 12 (2 Hour Parking) Bike Parking Spaces - 126
C. Softscaping materials and plantings shall be chosen to match the common material palette for the project. D. A boutique hotel shall activate the southwest corner as well as the Kulbroen E. There shall be sufficient access to the Kulbroen from the park areas.
Bioswales + Storm Basins The bioswales, storm basins, and climate ponds within the site shall contain plants and materials that are naturally hearty and can withstand drastic changes in weather. Such plants can often be arranged in the swale in a manner that is not only protective, but also decorative and pleasing to onlookers. Not only do these interventions prevent flash flooding due to heavy water run off, but they are also used as natural filtration systems, acting as a sieve that separates pollutants from rainfall. This helps to clean water run off before it enters back into the watershed, or in the case of Aarhus, the harbor and the bay beyond the edge of the harbor.
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District C: Kunstners AllĂŠ This district is the beating heart of Sydhavns Kvarter. The plan consists of a sequence of spaces that lie along the path of the recreational route. This route, instead of being a traditional path, expands to become a human-scale shared space in which cyclists, pedestrians and cars can move freely and comfortably. On either edge of the site lie small workshops, galleries, and other enterprises which allow for start-ups, entrepreneurs, and innovative forms of business and creativity. These edges undulate back and forth, creating a push-pull motion along the path. The purpose of this alignment of the buildings is to create front and back yards that the workshops and businesses can inhabit as break-out spaces. This brings the businesses out onto the street, allowing the public to catch a glimpse of the goings on in these creative businesses and also inviting the public in to be a part of the creative conversation. Lying in the center of the district is a row of pavilions that function as public activators and ameneties. The main pavilion at the northernmost end will be an active exhibition space in which artists as well as start-up companies can showcase thier work and invite the public to the discussions surrounding thier work. There will also be a sports hall, a youth house, and a shared cafe/canteen where the local businesses that are too small to have thier own canteen are welcome to join for meetings, lunch, or coffee.
District Programming 1:2000
Office
Workshop/Gallery
Commercial
Public Program
Mixed-Use
District Figure Ground 1:2000
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District Detail Plan 1:500 N
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Urban Square
Raised Exhibition Hall/ Garden Activator
Youth House
District Isometric View Southwest Orientation
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Public Kulbroen Roof Access Garden
Public Sports Canteen/Cafe Hall
Kirkens KorshĂŚr
Stacked Use Office
Njord Gin Distillery
Restaurant Kohallen
Concept Visual Primary District Guidelines A. Buildings should vary in size and scale to provide for multiple scales of business and entrepreneurship. B. Public pavilions fostering innovation shall be accessible to all.
District Statistics Built Square Meters - 17227 m² Vehicle Parking Spaces - Shared Space Parking (30 minute max without district permit) Bike Parking Spaces - 252
C. Active Groundfloors D. Urban furnitures that integrate plantings or water filtration. E. Site access must be dimensioned as a shared space with sufficient room for service vehicles.
Klimaflisen Tredje Natur has developed a multi-functional modular street paver that integrates the ability to handle rainwater runoff and aids cities’ future needs as climate events and cloudbursts become more frequent. These tiles can also incorporate a variety of other functions including, but not limited to grooves milled into the surface to provide directional paths for the blind as well as paths that dictate routes to and from various parts of the city. These tiles and adapted versions of them will be used in the shared spaces of Kunstners AllÊ, and in other hard surfaced areas in the project in order to provide the area with a higher capacity for handling climate change and filtration of surface water into the watershed.
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Transparent + semi transparent screen walls
‘Factory Hall’ coworking spaces + long spanning steel
Symbiotic Architecture
Varied scales of concrete pavers
Appropriate Softscaping
Modern use of brick
Native and Climate adaptive plantings
Building Material
Surface Material
Material Guidelines The above images are guidelines for the general material palette for the project. These materials should be used throughout the project in order to create a material and spatial continuity throughout the area. This will help to further establish the identity of Sydhavns Kvarter as an innovative and exciting harbor district with an industrial heritage.
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Corten Steel Urban Elements
Concluding Thoughts
As stated in the Foreword, the overall goals for this project were to create a a vibrant 24-hour business and cultural district as well as an integral part of the inner harbor development of the city. The process of designing a 24-hour city district with the restriction of no residential units has certainly been a challenge, but that challenge has been met head on with a proposal that gives an alternative to a standard central business district. The given site was also quite challenging to work with, since the development plan wishes for preservation of the industrial heritage of the area, while in reality, most of what lies in the site now are empty lots, parking, and just one or two buildings worth revitalizing. The question then became how to make an authentically exciting and dynamic district within these guidelines without making a design that was contrived or pushed too hard to be something that it is not. It took quite some time to find the answer to this question, not only because it is a hard question in and of itself, but also because the site is so crucial to the future development of the harborfront in Aarhus and what will eventually become the new identity for the city. This huge resposibility of designing a major project that would influence the city’s identity was daunting but incredibly exciting and fulfilling. Over the course of the project were a series of supervisions and reviews with city planners, traffic engineers, landscape designers, and the city architect. Each of these reviews brought a wealth of ideas and knowledge to the table and improved the development of the project every step of the way. Each critic had insightful additions and alterations to the project that could be implemented without completely derailing the core ideals of the design throughout the process. This experience helped to reveal that urban design and planning is a group effort. Cities are the combined efforts of many, over years and even decades, and includes collaboration with those who benefit from the design the most: the citizens. In the end, the final proposal set forth is one that has its basis in robust preliminary site studies and one that is playful yet rooted reality and in it’s ability to be easily brought into reality.
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Robert Perry Davis Studio UD | LA
Aarhus School of Architecture Spring 2018
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