Inglês & Comunicação Aprendizado Acelerado de Inglês
14-3016-2170 | 14-8823-5355 1 | rodrigo@sejafluente.com.br | sejafluente.com.br
Duas maneiras de saber O erudito não concordou: quem quer a verdade, Tem que conhecer também os detalhes.
Um erudito perguntou a um sábio Como as partes de unem num todo? E como o saber sobre as muitas partes Se diferencia do saber sobre o todo?
Mas o sábio contestou. Sabe-se muito apenas sobre a verdade que nos foi legada. A verdade que leva adiante É nova, E ousada.
O sábio respondeu: O disperso se agrega num todo Quando encontra seu centro E passa a atuar
Pois ela contém o seu fim Assim, como uma semente a árvore. Portanto, aquele que ainda hesita em agir, Porque quer saber mais Do que lhe permite o próximo passo, Não aproveita o que faz. Ela toma a moeda Pela mercadoria, E transforma em lenha As árvores.
Pois só tendo um centro, o muito torna-se Essencial e eficiente, E o todo então se nos revela como algo simples, Quase como pouco, Como força serena que segue adiante, Uma força que tem peso E esta contígua àquilo que sustenta. Assim para conhecer Ou transmitir o todo, Não preciso Saber Dizer, Ter, Fazer, Tudo em detalhe.
O erudito acha Que essa pode ser apenas uma parte da resposta E pede-lhe Um pouco mais. Mas o sábio se recusa, Pois o todo é, no princípio, como um barril de mosto: Doce e turvo. E precisa fermentar durante um tempo suficiente Para ficar claro. Então, aquele que o bebe, em vez de degustá-lo Passa a cambalear embriagado.
Quem quer entrar na cidade Passa por uma única porta. Quem dá uma badalada num sino Faz retinir, com esse único som, muitos outros. E quem colhe a maça madura Não precisa averiguar a sua origem. Ele a segura na mão E a come.
Bert Hellinger
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Pessoas diferentes aprendem e se comunicam de forma totalmente diferente. Quando entramos em contato com nossa forma natural de comunicação aprendemos melhor. O que isso significa? Trabalho com um modelo de comunicação que nos ajuda entender com maior clareza como aprendemos e nos comunicamos melhor. Todos nós possuímos os canais de comunicação: Auditivo, Visual e Cinestésico. De certa forma nossa comunicação se organiza através destes canais. Acontece que esta organização é diferente de pessoa para pessoa.
Impressão
Processamento Memória
Entrada e Saída
Expressão A = Auditivo V = Visual C = Cinestésico
A C
V
ACV: Aprende através de: Ouvir – sentir – ver Expressa-se através de: Falar – fazer – mostrar
V A
C
VAC: Aprende através de: Ver – ouvir - sentir Expressa-se através de: Mostrar – falar - fazer
C A
V
CAV: Aprende através de: sentir – ouvir - ver Expressa-se através de: Fazer – falar – mostrar
A V
C
AVC: Aprende através de: Ouvir – ver -sentir Expressa-se através de: Falar – mostrar - fazer
C V
A
CVA: Aprende através de: Sentir – ver - ouvir Expressa-se através de: Fazer – mostrar – falar
V A
C
VAC: Aprende através de: Ver – sentir - ouvir Expressa-se através de: Mostrar – fazer - falar
A comunicação e o aprendizado de uma língua estrangeira também passam por este processo. Quando queremos falar (Auditivo) e não levamos em consideração os outros canais de comunicação – Visual e Cinestésico – podemos encontrar bloqueios, pois não estaremos utilizando nosso potencial de forma adequada.
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Fill in the correct question word. What, where, when, who, why, which, how much, how many
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2
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sits next to Frank? Clara.
does the boy come from? He's from Newcastle.
old are her children? They are seven and ten.
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is Peter's birthday? In April, I think.
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much is the shirt? It's twenty pounds.
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is best at playing tennis? It's Bob.
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are you going? I’m going to my friends.
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is an orange juice? It's fifty pence.
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does the restaurant open? It opens at six o' clock.
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can I get some ice cream? You can get some at the snack bar.
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are you going to order? Fish and chips.
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are you going to do on Saturday? I don't know.
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has got my pullover? I have got it.
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is your name? Carol.
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is Susan's party? It's on Friday.
Question words: who, what, when, where, which, how Directions: Change the statements to questions using the question word in parenthesis. Check verb tense. Example: The train arrived at ten o’clock. (what time) What time did the train arrive?
1. They do their homework at night. (when) 2. Mr. Robertson came to the party alone. (who) 3. The car is across the street from the house. (where) 4. I like the red blouse, not the blue one. (which) 5. She felt better after she took a nap. (how) 6. That is an English book. (what) 7. My sister called her boyfriend yesterday (when) 8. She talked to him for an hour. (how long) 9. He studies piano at the university. (what) 10. The party lasted all night. (how long) 11. The check was for $5.50. (how much) 12. She was eating a sandwich. (what) 13. She is working hard. (what) 14. My parents have two cars. (how many) 15. They are coming to visit tomorrow. (when) 16. He is going to work right now. (where)
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Personal Pronouns – Subject (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) Replace the words in brackets by the correct personal pronouns. Note that Sue is the person speaking. The (*) means that you are asked a question. I
1. My name is Sue. (Sue)
am English. And this is my family.
2. My mum's name is Angie. (Angie) 3. Bob is my dad. (My dad)
is from Germany. is a waiter.
4. On the left you can see Simon. (Simon) 5. (Sue and Simon)
is my brother.
are twins.
6. Our dog is a girl, Judy. (Judy)
is two years old.
7. (Sue, Simon, Angie and Bob)
live in Canterbury.
8. (Canterbury)
is not far from London.
9. My grandparents live in London. (My grandparents) 10. What can (*)
often come and see us.
tell me about your family?
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New to America Nancy was new to America. She came to America speaking only her native language. She brought her 8-yearold son with her. He was all she had in the world. They found an apartment in Arcadia. They were there for only two months when a neighbor's dog jumped over the fence. The dog ran toward Nancy's son. Nancy put her body in between the dog and her son. The dog stopped when it saw Nancy screaming at it. She was going to punch it in the nose. The dog turned around. Shaking, Nancy took her son upstairs. They stayed in the apartment all weekend. Then Nancy found another apartment, close to the school that her son was going to attend. She and her son walked everywhere. One day her son started coughing badly. He had an asthma attack. All the walking was making his asthma worse. Nancy knew that she had to buy a car. So she called up the Honda dealer. She talked to a salesman who spoke her language. She told him that she wanted to buy a new car if he could come over to pick her up. The salesman said he would be right over. http://www.eslfast.com
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Past
To work ___________ _____________ To study ___________ _____________ To like ___________ _______________ To walk ___________ ______________ To travel ___________ _____________ To go ___________ ________________ To eat ___________ _______________ To drink ___________ _____________ To sleep ___________ _____________ To play ___________ ______________ To have __________ _______________
Present
Future
+ To be
?
I You He She It We They
The (o, a, os, as), a/na (um, uma) And (e), but (mas), so (entĂŁo), to (para), with (com), in (em, no, na), of (de), from (de [origem]), again (de novo), from...to (de...atĂŠ)
Present
Past
Future
+
? Yesterday Last (night, week, month, year) (3 years, 2 months, 1 week, 2 days) ago
Everyday Always Sometimes Never
Tomorrow 5 times 4 times 3 times Twice once
A year A month A week A day
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Next (week, month, year)
Simple tenses
Present |Past | Future Simple 1. (he / drive to work every day)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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6. (you / watch a lot of TV)
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__________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________
2. (I / not / think you're right)
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7. (he / not / read the newspaper)
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3. (we / have enough time?)
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8. (she / dance often?)
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4. (I / eat cereal in the morning)
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9. (where / I / come on Mondays?)
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5. (they / write e-mails every day?) __________________________________________________________
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10. (what / you / do at the weekend?)
15. (I / go out often?)
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11. (you / not / drink much tea)
16. (you / speak English?)
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12. (how / he / travel to work?)
17. (we / take the bus often)
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13. (they / not / like vegetables)
18. (she / not / walk to school)
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14. (she / catch a cold every winter)
19. (what / you / buy in the supermarket?)
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I see trees of green, and red roses too - I watch them bloom, for me and you - And I think to myself, what a wonderful world - I see skies of blue, and I see clouds of white – And the brightness of day, I like the dark And I think to myself, what a wonderful world - The colors of the rainbow, so pretty in the sky - Are also on the faces, of people going by - I see friends shaking hands, saying "how do you do?" - They're really saying "I love you" - I hear babies crying, and I watch them grow - They'll learn much more, than we’ll know - And I think to myself, what a wonderful world (What a wonderful world – IZ)
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TO BE
TODOS OS VERBOS WORK – STUDY – DRINK – EAT – TRAVEL – PLAY – WATCH – HAVE – UNDERSTAND – READ – LISTEN – SEE – LOOK – PUT – GO – SLEEP – MAKE – DO – RUN – WALK – …….
MODAL VERBS
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__________________________________________________________
Verb “to be� Present | Past | Future Simple
__________________________________________________________
1. (he / be / French)
6. (he / not / be / a journalist)
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2. (we / not / be / cold)
7. (we / not / be / singers)
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3. (he / be / a footballer?)
8. (you / be / a nurse?)
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4. (where / be / John?)
9. (they / be / from Libya)
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5. (we / be / German)
10. (where / be / David?)
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__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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11. (how / be / your mother?)
__________________________________________________________
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16. (I / not / be / English)
__________________________________________________________
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12. (we / be / thirsty)
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17. (you / not / be / a doctor)
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13. (how long / be / the film?)
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18. (she / not / be / Italian)
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14. (how often / be / you in London?)
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19. (he / be / my brother)
__________________________________________________________
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15. (he / be / handsome)
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Past
To work ________________________ To study ________________________ To like __________________________ To walk _________________________ To travel ________________________ To go ___________________________ To eat __________________________ To drink ________________________ To sleep ________________________ To play _________________________ To have _________________________
Present
I You He She It We They
Future
+ To be
?
And (e), but (mas), so (ent達o), to (para), with (com), in (em, no, na), of (de), from (de [origem])
-ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing -ing
Present
Past
Future
+
? When While Yesterday Last (night, week, month, year) (3 years, 2 months, 1 week, 2 days) ago
Tomorrow
now at this moment this (week, semester, month, etc.) today
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Next (week, month, year)
Continuous tenses
Present | Past | Future Continuous 1. (she / go home now)
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6. (he / not / study Latin)
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2. (I / read a great book)
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7. (we / drive to London?)
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3. (she / not / wash her hair)
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8. (they / watch TV? )
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4. (the cat / chase mice?)
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9. (where / she / go now? )
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5. (she / cry?)
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10. (I / not / leave now)
15. (when / we / arrive? )
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11. (you / not / run)
16. (where / they / stay? )
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12. (why / he / leave? )
17. (it / rain)
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13. (how / I / travel? )
18. (she / come at six)
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14. (it / not / rain)
19. (he / watch a film at the moment)
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Lemon Tree Fool’s Garden 37
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Possessive Adjectives (my, your, his, her, its, our, their)
Possessive Pronouns (mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs)
Replace the personal pronouns by possessive adjectives.
Replace the personal pronouns by possessive pronouns.
your
1. Where are (you)
friends now?
2. Here is a postcard from (I)
friend Peggy.
3. She lives in Australia now with (she) 4. (She) 5. (He)
husband works in Newcastle.
husband and I want to go to Australia, too.
9.
family next winter.
winter!
10. Because it is (they)
is (they)
11. This was not my fault. It was (you)
.
.
6. The luggage is (he)
.
7. The pictures are (she) . 8. In our garden is a bird. The nest is (it)
summer.
.
10. This cat is (we)
.
3. The blue car is (we)
children go to school in Newcastle.
8. We want to see Peggy and (she) 9. (We)
2. The ball is (I)
.
4. The ring is (she) . 5. We met Paul and Jane last night. This house
company builds ships.
6. (They) 7. (I)
family.
yours
1. This book is (you)
. .
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Personal Pronouns Object (me, you, him, her, it, us, them) Aaron was on a business trip to California. He shows you the souvenirs he got for his family. Fill in the correct pronouns. 1. My sister Jane loves books. This novel is for (she)
her
.
2. My children like Disney films. The video is for (they)
.
3. My brother Matt collects picture postcards. These postcards are for (he) 4. My parents like Latin music. The CD is for (they) 5. I like watches. This nice watch is for (I)
. .
6. My wife and I love sweets. These sweets are for (we) 7. My nephew likes cars. The toy truck is for (he)
. .
8. My neighbour wants to go to California next year. The guide book is for (she) 9. Here is another souvenir. I don't know what to do with (it) 10. You know what? - It's for (you)
.
.
.
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.
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Reflexive Pronouns (myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves) Fill in the correct reflexive pronouns. myself
1. I did not want to believe it and then I saw the UFO 2. The girl looked at
in the mirror.
3. Freddy, you'll have to do your homework
.
4. You don't need to help them. They can do it 5. I introduced
.
to my new neighbour.
6. Boys, can you make your beds 7. She made
.
?
a pullover.
8. What happens when a fighting fish sees 9. The father decided to repair the car 10. We can move the table
in the mirror? .
.
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EVERY
BODY
SOME
ONE
ANY
NO
THING
WHERE
Everybody - Somebody – Anybody – Nobody – Everyone - Someone – Anyone – No one – Everything – Something – Anything – Nothing – Everywhere – Somewhere – Anywhere - Nowhere
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I'm going to enjoy this party. I don't know ___________ at all, but I'm going to have fun. a) somebody b) anybody c) nobody Hey, there's ___________ that I know. He's in my Computer Science class. a) somebody b) anybody c) nobody I think I'll go talk to him. He doesn't seem to be with ___________ in particular. He's probably alone, like me. a) b) c) d)
someone anyone no one everyone
No. Maybe not. If he's all alone, then ___________ is ignoring him, probably because he's very boring. a) b) c) d)
somebody anybody nobody everybody
That's a nice-looking woman over there. I should go over and talk to her. No, I don't think so. She's probably very vain and has ___________ interesting to say. I know her type. I'll keep my distance. a) b) c) d)
something anything nothing everything
I need a drink. I think I'll head to the kitchen. There must be ___________ beer or something in the fridge. a) some b) any c) no That's strange. There's ___________ beer in the fridge. What is one supposed to drink in this stupid party? a) some b) any c) no
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Ah! There's the beer, over there, in the corner. ___________ had the sense to put it in the fridge. Now it's probably very warm. a) b) c) d)
Someone Anyone No one Everyone
The music's not very good. ___________ should change it. Let's get some action here. a) b) c) d)
Somebody Anybody Nobody Everybody
Finally! Some good music. But why isn't ___________ dancing? Don't people know how to have fun anymore? a) someone b) anyone c) no one
Hey! That woman's looking at me. I wonder if there is ___________ else interested in me. After all, I am kind of cute. a) b) c) d)
someone anyone no one everyone
No, there's ___________ who really turns me on. Too bad! But the evening is still young. I'm not giving up. a) somebody b) anybody c) nobody I'm really hungry. I don't see ___________ food. What kind of party is this? a) some b) any c) no No food! Warm beer! ___________ seems to know how to organize decent parties anymore. a) Somebody b) Anybody
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c) Nobody b) Everybody I don't want to stay here. There must be ___________ more interesting than this. a) b) c) d)
somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
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Do you know this device?
Magical – Beautiful - Wonderful – Interesting - amazing –small – Nice - Better – Intelligent - Bigger – Creative - Far better – Top - Great – fast Incredible – Impressive - Revolutionary – larger – awesome – extraordinary – simple – phenomenal – unbelievable - way better – gorgeous – exciting – cool – very nice – terrific
+ 1. New York is (big)
Paris.
- 2. English milk is (strong)
French milk.
= 3. French coffee is (good)
English coffee.
Comparatives
+ 4. An elephant is (heavy)
a fly.
The iPad is more beautiful than a Laptop. +
+ 5. A Jaguar is (comfortable)
a Jeep.
- 6. Horses are (intelligent)
dogs.
+ 7. Volleyball is (difficult) + 8. A Corsa is (cheap)
The iPad is as expensive as a Laptop. =
football.
The Laptop is less phenomenal than an iPad. -
a Jaguar.
+ 9. The iPad is (interesting) - 10. Rugby is (funny)
The iPad is faster than a Laptop. +
a Laptop. football.
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1. This is 2. Gillian is
girl at school. (popular) +
3. I would like 4. This is
ice-cream that you've got, please. (big) +
9. This is
The iPad is the fastest device in the world. +
film at the cinema. (boring) + boy that I know. (crazy) +
7. Robin Hood was 8. Roger is
The iPad is the most beautiful device this year. +
The iPad is the least expensive device. -
test I've ever written. (bad) -
5. I think this is 6. Peter is
Superlatives
film I've seen in ages. (good) +
hero in history . (exciting) + boy that I have ever met. (lucky) restaurant in town. (cheap)+
10. It was
day of the week yesterday. (cold) -
Exceptions Irregular Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
good
better
best
bad
worse
worst
far
farther
farthest
*For more explanation and exercises go to: http://www.eflnet.com/tutorials/adjcompsup.php
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Comparative or superlative SOLDIER: Hi, mate! Can't wait to get home. I haven't been home for six months. SAILOR: Well, I have been away from home much _________________(long) than that. SOLDIER: I live in Scotland. Where do you live? SAILOR:
Well, I live in Kent; it is a bit ________________ (warm) than Scotland.
SOLDIER: Have you got a girlfriend or wife? SAILOR:
Yes, I have a girlfriend who wants to marry me, but she's _______________ (tall) than me.
SOLDIER:
Is she a lot _________________ (tall) than you?
SAILOR:
Oh, yes. 10 centimetres.
SOLDIER: Well my girlfriend is much ________ (tall) than that. In fact she is __________(lanky) woman I know. SAILOR: SOLDIER:
My girlfriend's very tall, too. Have you got a photo of your one? Yes, here it is. My girlfriend is _____________(pretty) girl in the world, but she is so lanky.
Circle the comparatives and underline the superlatives SAILOR: She reminds me of my girlfriend, but this woman has curlier hair. Let me look closer with my glasses. Hmmmm! This woman is definitely as pretty as my girlfriend! Just a minute! She is MY girlfriend, not YOUR girlfriend! You're the meanest scumbag I have ever met. Get a girlfriend of your own! SOLDIER: Are you sure she's your girlfriend? Is her hair as dark as your girlfriend's? SAILOR: Well, no, but she must have dyed it. It's usually much blonder than that. I have always preferred blondes. SOLDIER: Well, there you are, then. She can't be your girlfriend - her hair's the wrong colour. SAILOR: Maybe you're right, but she does look just like my Meg. Sorry, mate. Didn't mean to turn on you like that. I'm not usually as touchy as that. Look, here's a photo of Meg. SOLDIER: Yes, she does resemble my Margaret a bit, but her hair is much lighter and she also looks chubbier in the face. (Thinks: You must be more stupid than you look!) SAILOR: Yes. You're right. Well then, bye mate. Nice to have met you. SOLDIER: Bye, mate. (Thinks: You must be the most gullible man I have ever met!)
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Used to
When I was a child I used to... ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I had to put her Six feet under. And I can still hear her complain. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I knew I miss her. So I had to keep her. She's buried right in my back yard. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. She bitched so much. She drove me nuts. And now I'm happier this way. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I used to love her, but I had to kill her. I had to put her. Six feet under. And I can still hear her complain. GUNS AND ROSES
EXERCISES Correct the statements used to I would always be unhealthy as a child.
1. When I was a child, I rode my bike everyday. 2. She would always be beautiful when she was young. 3. I used to go to the beach yesterday.
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4. Margie loves horses because she used to have one as a child. 5. James would always have a very important test last week. 6. Jerry always used to cook dinner for himself, but now his wife prepares dinner. 7. Jamie would always have a dog when she was a child, but now she has a cat. 8. Laura would always bake cookies for us when we were kids. 9. I used to graduate from Georgetown University in 1992. 10. He would constantly embarrass himself by asking stupid questions in class. 11. They would spend Easter with us every year until we moved. 12. They used to spend Easter with us every year until we moved. 13. They spent Easter with us every year until we moved. 14. I used to be fat, but I lost a lot of weight in high school. 15. I would always be fat, but I lost a lot of weight in high school.
Choose the correct alternative 1. I ------------ go to the beach every day. use to uses to used to use 2. I didn’t ------------- play tennis. use to uses to used to use 3. Susan --------- drink milk when she was young. didn’t use to use to has was 4. I didn’t ----------- watch television. use to uses to used to
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use 5. What ---------- you use to wear at school? did do are have 6. Did they ----------- go to the cinema? used to use used use to 7. People ------------- travel on horses. used to use used use to 8. Ted used to -------- my best friend, but he lives in Canada now. is be are being 9. We ------------ play marbles. used to used use to use 10. My mother -----------cook for me, but now my wife cooks at home. used to used use to use 11. I ---------- start work at 9 o'clock.
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used to used use to use 12. We didn’t --------- swim in the river. used to used use to use 13. Pele -------------- play football in Brazil. used to used use to use
You used to talk to me like I was the only one around. You used to lean on me, the only other choice was falling down. You used to walk with me like we had no where we needed to go. Nice and slow, to no place in particular we used to have this figured out, we used to breathe without a doubt. The nights were clear for the first time that I'd see. We used to have this under control. We never thought we used to know. At least there's you. And at least there's me. Can we get this back? Can we get this back to how it used to be? I used to reach for you. I got lost along the way. I used to listen. You always had the just right thing to say. I used to follow you. Never really cared where we would go. Fast or slow to anywhere at all. We used to have this figured out. We used to breathe without a doubt. The nights were clear for the first time that I'd see. We used to have this under control. We never thought we used to know. At least there's you. And at least there's me. Can we get this back? Can we get this back to how it used to be? I look around me and I want you to be there cause I miss the things that we shared. Look around you. It's empty and you're sad. Don't you miss the love that we had? You used to talk to me like I was the only one around. The only one around. We used to have this figured out. We used to breathe without a doubt. The nights were clear for the first time that I'd see. We used to have this under control. We never thought we used to know. At least there's you and at least there's me. Can we get this back? Can we get this back to how it used to be yeah? To how it used to be. To how it used to be yeah. To how it used to be. To how it used to be. Used to – Chris Doughtry.
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BE USED TO...
GET USED TO...
Complete with “be used to” or “get used to”: (a) Tina ......................... (exercise). She does it every day. (b) When I moved to England, I wasn’t ........................... (drive) on the left side of the road. I ....................... it after a few weeks. (c) I now live on a really noisy street. I’m not sure I will be able to ............................. it. (d) Jenny ............................. (cook) her own food. She makes a different dish every day. (e) I know you have always driven a car, but you will have to ................................... (take the bus) now. (f) I’m not .................................. (get up) early. My alarm usually doesn’t go off till 9.
EXTRA EXERCISES Choose the correct sentence
We aren´t used to listening to that kind of music USED TO+infinitive GET USED TO gerund BE USED TO+gerund.
We arent´used to listen to that kind of music She will soon get used to work here She will soon get used to working here I used to working for that company I used to work for that company We never got used to getting up so early We never got used to get up so early
We used to getting up early but we are retirednow and we don´t need to We used to get up early but we are retirednow and we don´t need to When she moved to France she had to get used to drive on the right When she moved to France she had to get used to driving on the right We couldn´t sleep very well in Japan, we aren´t used to sleeping on the floor
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We couldn´t sleep very well in Japan, we aren´t used to sleep on the floor We used to travelling a lot before having children We used to travel a lot before having children The most difficult thing was to get used to eating such spicy food The most difficult thing was to get used to eat such spicy food I am used to working on the night shift I am used to work on the night shift
Tag Questions Complete the sentences with the correct question tags. 1. Mr McGuinness is from Ireland,
isn't he
2. The car isn't in the garage, 3. You are John,
? ?
?
4. She went to the library yesterday,
?
5. He didn't recognize me,
?
6. Cars pollute the environment,
?
7. Mr. Pritchard has been to Scotland recently, 8. The trip is very expensive, 9. He won't tell her, 10. Hugh had a red car,
?
? ? ?
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