DA Annual Report 1920 by roldangorgonio

Tns GoVl::IIN1dRNT OFTIIB Plin.IPPmsJIILUID:!l .â&#x20AC;¢ "Dm'Ae!'HE'.NT OJ' AGII.ICUlll'UllE.ANll NJ..TUlt.U. Rlloounai;:s . BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE, FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1920

ADRIANO HERNANDEZ

CONTENTS

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26 26 26

27 21 27 27

27 27

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,0 30 30 80

31 31 3l

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37 37 37

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CONTENTS ANrnAL lNRV11AN02 llivl!llON.------·-·····-·_:·-···----· Personnel ···-----····-·-······-·--·-···-- ··----·-···-·· Membership ·-·-·-·.............· ···--·----·····---·--··-·····-··-·-Applications Hied__________________________________________ Applicntlona approved---·-·····-�----···--·------·········-·-······· • Numbe,;- of 811lmab Ulllll'l!d.... •.----·-···--·--·----·-··-·- ·······Membershi;i fees..---··-···-----·-----·······---··--··-··-··--···· Premium& ---·-··-·····--------·-·····-----··-----···-·--·---·· Death lossllB...•------·····-···-·---------·-·-······-···· Inau,,anee e,d;mi.8\01L.••.•____.........................._______________ G811a,,al ra!J/.S,>:kB •• --··--··-·-······-----·-··----·-·-·---·

FtBm Diillll"ON -·---·-···-···-·-·-··-··-··•·-···············• ..·-··••-····-·····-··· Personnel ···-·-·····-·-----------------·..··-----------··-·····-·· Scopaof"Wt>k.•....-------···-·-········-·-········---·-····· ...···--····-··-····Fiber grading and inspection.......-----··-··-··-··--···-·-·--··········-·· t.:!.� ::0111! and estnblishmenta...-----·-·-·········-····--·-········ t C0NCLU810N ···-·-·-••·••····-•---·•--·- ······•---·••-·-··•----......... · ...........

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60 60 GO 60 61 61 81 61 61 61

62 62 62 64 ::

ï¿½LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

!LLCSTRATlONS

XLIX.

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TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF TiiE BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE MANILA, February 15, 19S1.

SlR: I have the.honor to submit herewith the Annua.J Report of the Bureau of Agriculture fol' the fiscal year ended December 81, 1920. AU st.atistfos on crop production, hectara.ge and value as quoted herein lll'e, howeve1•, baBed on the fiscal year ending June 80, of each year. GENERAL SUMMARY

It is gratifying to state that never before in the history of Philippine agricW.ture has there been greater prosperity among the farmars, nor has there been a year in which greater progress ba.s·bwn made.in agrieuttme, than that of the yea,· 1920. The increase· in area planted to crops, the corre.sponfilng increase in yield, and. the stupendous increase in value received, make a new record In advancement for this important industry. There are many causes leading up to this remarkable development. 'The Food Campajgn which has been carried on for some time ifi an important faetor. This has been aided by the Rice and Corn Fund which has stimulated increased production of these import.. ant cereals. The introduction of modern tractors and gang plows has become quite general in the sugar.producing prov• inees and will no doubt be extended to the rice fields more gen erally just as soon as irrigation project al'e completed, thus making their use practicable. Seed selection has been anothel' important :factor in increasing yields. The upgrading. of live stock by the import.atton of pure bred sires has had a share in improving conditiona. Tne establishment and remarkable grmvth of Rural Credit among the small fannera has taught many of them the much•needed habit of saving a part of their scanty funds and has furnished financial nid to mn.ny members who could not have obtained,it otherwise. The est.a.blisbment of pou!tcy-sv;,:ine stations, pl'ovinclal and municipal nursel'ies, the increasing of the Bureau's fl.eld force of farm advisers and agri· cultural inspectors, has brought a better knowledge of farming

TWl:NTm'l'H AK;;;rUAL REPQR1.'

ll1J�lilr3�a� a=ALAV

P�OO(Jcno� BYP�OVIIIC!S

1920

31Jl;lltl:t.1'JJ'II,. CANA DULCE tCMil�UI iRODUCT/0� or MOl/llffWI("" �-' (!UDtSUIARA�DF!NOtHS BYPll(!Vl�CE$

1920

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT

Abaca.-Despite falling prices there was an increase in the area devoted to this crop. 'l.'he figures for 1920 being 659,356 hectares as Âˇagainst 515,663 for the preceding year. While production incxeased from 148,340,800 kllos in 1919, to 165,081AS8 kilos in 1920, due to low prices, the crop brought only 'PGG,006,006, a decline of 3% over the previous year in the face of an increase of 11 % in production. The follow-

A.BACA (MANILA HF:MP) PROOUCT!OpiBYP/?OV/IIC[S

V6�etabl�s;_Thls is the �t year in which an attempt WM made to collect data on vegetables and root crops, no comparison with othet" years.is impossible, and although but few vegetables are trown commertjally, · the aggregate planted this year mid the value of the prodtiet is of economic importance, the total area being 141,211 hectares, and the .esllinated value· being Pll,262,740. The following �b!e· i_s_ t�refore interesting: Vlllnoln A��560,860 6,'122 ' BelUls ·······-·-········-·····--····---··-·---·�··' 108,200 Cab� ____.,, ----··--··-·' ·-···..--· . ' · 840 1,485,000 Casssva -··'-··-·-- ··---·····: ___ . ___ ·:·· 9,194. 476,280 6,266 , Eggplq � ·-· '·-"·---·····--····--····' ··.•. ' 1,038,600 Ga.bi ·······-· .·--·.-·-·-····-·-'. --�...... 9,659 203 Jrieh ?ot;atces.____·-··---······-·-·--··-···5,680 .-···-····-···-·-· Mc� 1,242,500 25,125 664,400 261,460 /3m,tit;· Potatoee____·-··..·-···-·--·--..··-·· 68,386 3,688,4.12 , Tomli.Wl)B, ··•---·---······-······----•-·····•-- 6,706 821,400 ·Tuga.1 ·.-,-......-. ··-·-·-·---··-·---········· l,4Dl3 8'1,200 Ubi - ·-·- ···-..----·-··--··--·--····· ,l,243 716,000 .·�'Graas.__··-·-···--··--··· 1,064 ,166,748

' �-:. '. -=:· : : : := = =: =: : : -�-= :��:

•·Tata] ...:..-·-···141,211 ,11;262,740 Lil!MtoDk....:.oontrary to common belief, the Bureau's figures show th:9-ttincreaaes in the number o1 carabaps, C!tttle, horses, �IDI, rroaW and eheQp have been registered sf;eadjly since 1910, despite serioul!! epldemfos of epiw!ltl.C! diseaees. The current be.

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'INJeMll!i TABACO Lf;.tl.,!��o

PRD�=.==t S

:\:;"0::::1920

Nl'ap 10owloolo-praduollonbyprovlno ..

'l'WENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT

Among the important changes in the directorate of the Bu reau of Agriculture, was the re.signation of Mr.. Jose G. Sau victores as Assistant Dire�>tor, effective May 31, 1920, who was succeeded by :i\Ir. Silverio Apostol, former chief of the Plant In dustry Division, effective December 21. :Mr. l\fana.'> y Cruz succm!ded Mr. Apostol as Chief of the Plant Industry Division, effec:tive December 21. On October 81, 1920, Dr. A. S. Shealy, Chief of the Animal Husbandry Division tra.TJsferred to the Un�versity of the, Philip pines and on N"ovember 16, 1920, J\fr. Alfonso Tuason was pro moted to chief. }Jr. Cyrus Padget required !tom the service as Supervising Fiber Inspector on the date of the expiration o� his contract, March 81, 1920. During the year there were 602 Filipinos appointed to the service, 109 being permanent 'employees and 493 temporary. During the same period there were 57 Filipinos separated from the permanent service and 220 from the temporaiy list. But one American ,Vas 'appointed during the yeaf and si� were separated from the service, tlu·ce each from the temporary and permanent lists. There W<!re no ehanges in the organization of the ·Blll"eau during the year, the pla11 as adopted August 1, 1919 being followed throughout the, year. Under this organization diagram the adivities of the Bureau wer.J artw1ged as follows: ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISION General Service Section Records Section Transportation and Repair Section American Colony Section AKIMAL HUSllANDRY DIVISION Improved Bl'eeding Section Animal Selection and Distribution Poulil•y Selection and Distribution VETERINARY DIVISIQK Disease Control Section Quarantine and Meat lnspeL1ion Sectioi1 Veterinar.v Research Section

llZ!)l>iG:Dlfi;,'.Y' CANTALA

1920

PRODUCTION eY Pï¿½DVINCE5

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT TRANSPORTATION

This office is in charge of all land transportation equipment of the Bureau in Manila and £urniBhes transportation t o the perBonnel of the central office not only within the city limits but to suburbs and nearby provinces a.s wdl. The sqp erintendent of this offlee also bas charge of the repairs sh.op, ca;.p entry work and blacksmithing. An economy has been effected as to ·certain parts and acce11sories- for automobiles, motorcye10S "and bicycles, by having them made by our own mechanics in the repii.irs shop. The cost of operation and maintenance .of the Bureau's 8-pas senger cal'!!, 2 White trucks, 4 wagons, 7 carromatas, 1 calesa, 4 cauetelas, 20 native ponit!s, Rnd 6 mules, and for the eonsump. tion o:f gas_oline, peb·!))eum, grease, oils, .lubric,nts and, auto aooessories, and. £cir �-hood feeds, gl'115s, �., amounted to IP'22,390.45. Besides the work in the r_r!pairs sh,;ip, mechanics � often sent to the provinces to i_i:ispecl,ana" make necessary repah's on the Bm·eau's tractors lll!d to instru� and train men to op�te them. SCOPE OF WORK

The work in this division has to do with the improvement of the livestock industry in the Islands through the importation of pure bred stoek from other countries for breeding purposes, for the establishment of stock famis, puplic. breeding stations, poultry-sw:ine stations and.a gener{l.l.lipbuilding of the livestock industry.· The ever-increasing. _Pemand".for. pu)'.e .bred stock, e.speefally as regards pigs, cliiekel!S;, cattle, and goats, is so great that the Bureau is unable ·to meet it to· any great extent. The work:of.the-division throughout the year has been succe ssful .and m�y good breeding aninials have bee"n distribu�ed:. ADMINISTRATi:ON

Du,_ri�g 't1!-e .Yel_l-1", Dr. Shealy, ehief cif-the_division, �ho ·return ed fl'O!ll. a� �d� leaVS; of a�senee ·in the u.�ited States, transfe1'1'6li to.the University of the PhilipPines, and Mr; Alfonso Tuason, who �erved � iietlng_.Chief of the diVision was promoted to the.P.OJ!!ition of chlef•. . · ., O:p. July �9,.1�20,.an order wii.s placed for 26 Pol�d-China pigs :with .Dr; Quinlan. of _San Fl.·anc�, On November 6, ·1920, the pigs arrived, only-one having died enrout.e. . Out of the_ 16 poultry-swine stations maintained at the begin nmg of the year 18 were transferred to the various municipalities and provinces, leaving only- three stations malntained entirely

Et:ttEAU OF AGRrcili:ruRE

TWEK'l'!E'l'H ANNC"AL REPORT

The following is Lhe ti·am,action for the year:

Catue.-The ca.ttle will have plenty of green there is now a large field of Par::i and Guinea grass There wore Jwt 22 head of cattle on hand at the beginning of lhe year, 17 more were received, :J calves were born, 6 head were transferred, 2 were �old, leaving 34 head on hand at the close of the year. Swine.-The swine project is one of the mo�t imputfant of the farm. On November 6, 25 head of Poland-Chinas were added to the herd. Of this breed nothing definite can be suid for the present as they have been under observation shoi't a Period. ·In general, satisfactory results have obtained with the hogs at AJabang, except for contagious tiori on a shipment of Berkshire hogs reteived in 1!}19 from the University of California which caused much trouble during the yea1a. As there s�etns to be no way to cure this rlisca.se, it is recommended that the infected animals be disposed of as soon as possible. There were 251 hogs,on hand at the beginning of !he year, 245 pigs were born, 29 hogs were received, 202 wne sold, 42 were transfeITed to other stations, 67 died, leaving on hand R total of 214 at the close of the year. Goats...:....There were 68 goah the first of the year, 29 births, 9 deaths, 6 -y.·ere received, 37 sold, 13 transferred, leaving 39 on hand. Skeep.-,----The small herd of sheep at the farm seems to be doing well. There were,7 on hantl the first of the yem·, there were 8 births, 1 death, 9 were received, 5 were sold, leaving 18 on hand. Poultry.-During the first quarter, new standard breeds of fowls were receiyed from the United States, consisting of Barred P�outh ·Rocks, White Plyniouth Rocks, Light Brahmas, Huff Orpmgtons, Black Orpingtons, Silver Laced v;;ryandottes, and Brown Leghorns. :l.fany of these birds when received showed symptoms of roup, diarrhea, scaly leg, white comb and chicken pox, and some of them died from these·diseases in spite of the care given them. Of the breeds newly received the Silver Lacerl Wyan!Wttes Pl'Oved the most delicate to raise. \Vhen the chicks are about two months old they are easily attacked by diseases. Tl1e Brown Leghorns axe much the same as the \\'hite Leghorns. They are thriving well and laying a fair number of large eggs.

25 ,--,' : :__ , rn�_"Light B�llbm.a.s .a�a'. B:<ff:OrJ?ip.gtOn�')hriye.'.aliOu� _ai/ well �Hµe Rh��·I_s l1:1n�s �ds:" They'hil;"'.e �Wt Pl'D:''� !).8'--g9qd/J,aY�r3

, we_r�·655 t��_lk:�::;;\ot:�:; �!�� !�t;1�!�i:r�7i:'.:u;tt�:-�f��!-' �lii�kc�s at the·beginning ,o� the,y(lar, an�.317:were

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- ke�s _die_�,.126 were, transfolTEld, 1_6,007 �-r;gs �ere s�'.d an_� ther� , were 696 mature birds oll the fa1·m at.the c'nd Of the.,ye·ar.

. _ :..H_�;��;-�;1'hflic��1:

�f i��'. ·�or�ea- bas be_;n i�_ir-:during

s a!� ·, :1:tt:��:-�1::t� :f!�! ��:�!r��I�tyr:��!:1'/�� 1i 1 ' tralian �tt.!:a::! :�� h�:�� i :�arti �:\��Je�:,t�sfI!Ii�l}1:: , horse. _, , , .

.. lndian Qattleo-c-At the -begin_ning of the year there, were. 85 herld .o,f·tndi,!tri ciittte at ,this- sta:tiOp. . , ,pieY- are. stui<1y'.!J.nd i f/�;;te_�s�-� !�1- -··, 2 h��- �f .-Chiu�se cattle 311.d gl°ade;·, at :the begb-\/1in'g .of ¥;e_'. ;v:ear. · ·During .·the year 67 calve,s .wete. born, 2? head were ,sold and 45 <lied, ·and 2 1 1 ;��l!=��:�e �:::3 �:a:�;:lu�;:e?�the' �r�t of th� ,Year and put one death du:dni .the' year �nd one ad1i.�ioll_J -le�v:ing no :the ;egirin�ug

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�;:ah�rP;::�!�ii;a;."t;�Jt�� 4;�:�\t:��bt�� r�: �t:e?v :�.·��;;:;i'��:t::;:a� di�\��\Ir�·�. ��:f;; it ::r 0:;!:: � ��:�/�:::i:�;t:.,::.!oi��£1f� i:�.s . �f tlie 'goats � ��re bOr_n,, 6 died aIJd ,1 was S?ld. Tfle. r?ar n'ded

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with 23 sb_eep and 1':!. goats.,.

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a e 9 r gi g v!w!:\��r�0!·.: . :l; ;:::J�; �:r: �Y Durini the year 5 pigs were bOrri; 4 Wel'e sold,_ 4 died-'.1nd 1 was receiv\Jd from Manila, lea'ving 7 on hand.

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Poultry,-There were 65 fowle·at·tb(l'atation the first of the year.. TheSe .bird8 have adapted themselves·to. thefr environ ment and are thriVing: · A total of 3,235 eggs were laid during

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT

\'E'l'ERINARY DIVU!IO� s,.s.�TO,; Yo�"""""';, n.-v. :I!., Chief Vo!c,;=na,,

On Decemberlll; (of whom 22 were livestock in�pectors, and s' Filipino clerks. On December 31, 1920, there were in the rolls 31 veterinaria11s (of whom 25 were Filipi_nOs and 6 Americans), 3 American livestock inspectors·, 230,_Filipino.inspectOrs, 1 Americ!l.ll clerk and 3 Filipino clerks. This co11stitutes an increase of 3 l<'ili pino _.veterinarians and 74 _Filipino livestock inspector.i mid a decreil;<;� of _i American veterinarian and 2 American inspectors. Importation from, Foreign Poi-ts.-The vast majority of the cattle arriving at 1\fanila from foreign ports consisted of cattle for slaughter coming from French Indo-China and Hongkong with smaller numbers of carabaos for work purposes from Indo-

I'WENTIETH ANNUAL Rill'ORT

(hJ Ba\,neo b"II '" lho lol!oroloo" of rmdoroo,l-,ho"' oooor,fde"""'d'""'"'"""'· droon l,o ll"O. loo•ioo""· "'"hodbaok, o,"""'llivo !o llOl1l, o\od no oo,l, omoolollon

·ent;ire y�� owin.!f:� tlie-s\lSperi�i�n q_� 1ip.Po�tions ·o! bear ��ttle · :· (�. tha�i�o�tey�: Th,rol.lgbout· the;�r Mr:· Q. J. �Uson has Pe� ·-s.tatiqned, t)l�).·o-,·care· .for � -�w:eiiu property_ located.at; · · ·- ·· · ' �G;"s��o:n;<

�WENTIETR ANNU� REPORT

'Srm.UBaro I,m1m11i:sing Station.-The diagnosis of rabies in dogs for the· Bureau a! Health by the Division has beeri. conti nued throughout the yeai·. The sheds at this' station have been U&ed fox the housing of the large number of suspect dogs that ha've been placed under our care-for observation. VEn'.R1N"AJrr �R l,ABroi.ATORY

Dllri�g the past Year the prinei� researeh work has been devoted-to rinderpest.The rluderpest vaceine that ha.a been worked out at our labo-

hoit :�: :�· �! '! time we �ave developed a vaccine which will ·give immunity to i

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highly ·susceptible animals in ·10 cubic centimeters do.ses. We give t\yO injections �ven to ·ten days apart and one week after the last injecti.Oll, the test animals � exposed·to rinderpest by the :Qiost: hei'.oic-111,ethods--given virulent blood subcutaneously llD.d placed in � °With sick animals. In the field. we double the d� giving 20 cubic centimeters at an injection to large -woi-k animals. Calves and animals not full grown are given frOIIl 8 to 15 cubic centimeters. Each batch of vaccine is tested on a highly susCeptible animal before it is sent out, to fosure not only its prospective val<!,e but"_also to be sure that it ie not virulent an.d will not produce rinderpest. Some animi;lls im P?tted from the United Smtes have been immunized by the va�e: ·method. Tb:e youngest anin;,.al was a Hereford calf f r "' . �!!� !!\!!J: � :: 1at:'��! ;�!�:.:�f;:1::� hI��-di,d ni;>� contract rl_nderpest. S'}V�n nrule9-t. . Dutjng th�,past year we :iia,ve tested out two animals which w��."Naeciri�tedJJ)ree y�·agb·and two animals which were · :vae�ted .two yearll ago. : These four animals were given �ant.blood. ,One of them gave a slight temperature reaction which . ls.sted tor.only 1;w<i days. The other thl'ee animals re-, mained perfectly,normai in,eveey respect. ' ;A_tqta:I_ of-·4#JS a��ls havJl been !njected·With vaccine dill'.· ing the Y.ear ip the Pl'.Clyfneeg of ijfaal, Batangas, and Bataan. Nearly, -all :_of- these. -irio�ations were· perform_ed in rlnderpest lnfeeted· b�ios and -contributed -1;o a speecj.y disappearance of the disease. ExperiJpents �re ];,eing carried out i!l producing the vaccine in a semi-dry fonn, with results which have been highly gratify ing. Thls semi-dry vaccine is readily placed in sUE1pension when ft is desired to be used, and is administ.sred In :from. 10 to 15 cubic centimeters doaes. An order has been placed for a "Shar-

RECOl!fMENDJl.l!Ot:J"S

, In our·last annual report it was recommended that the \egis lalure be asked to amend Act No. 2548 so as to increase the im munizing -J'ee. f!om thl'e!'l to.five peso� per head. · The present fee is not sumi:ieni to cover the losses tlmt. occur during immuni zation owing to the ,high '�lues ,of 11.llima!s that prevail. This' ' recommendation is reiterakd.

1'WENTlETH ANNUAL RLJPORT

AUCOJJNTING DIHSIOK l'ERSO"NNEL

TWENTIETII ANl'iUAL REPOR'l'

llIVfSl01" OJ,' I'UBLIC:n'lONS GENERAi, 3TATE:ï¿½I8N'1'

1mges. 20 PAGES

FARMERS' CONGRESS NUMBER

'l'R.A:<ISJ,A'f!OX

BULLlsTINS AND CIRCULARS

p�id par copy. The following circul:lr.� were publishctl during 1920 ·

M!JillOGRAPH, PLAKOTYPE AND )l!JL'f!GltAPH wom;:

A non;on ol \ho nofMfl' •l U.. Llpo Domo"•trollon Sl•tlon, llalani,oo, "'!oro "'"' <IQ,PoO •off•• uadl!nu,, b,.1.i.. ....... ou.,,., I•••••· bT..,to,ooor, ol,� "'" ro.loed

TWEN'l'lETll ANNUAT, lIBP0IlT

year the number of nurseries this year has previoUs .�'em· 23, while Tl1ere were. in thi:-t yeir, including the 3 Insular statiOns, prbvlnces o.f Abm, Albay, Antique,, Batrum, Batangas Capiz,,Cebu, Ilocos Sur, lioi\o {Insular), Laguna, La Union, Leyte, Mindoro, Nucva Ecija,· Oriental Negros, Pam panga, Pangasinan, Samar, Surigao, and Tayabas. This_ de crease was due to the fact that some provinces previous]? having

TWENTIETH ANNUAL ltEI'ORr

On January 1, 1920, thero were 418 h1eorporated associations. On January. l, 1921,'there 'we're 527. This·inerease is due large ly to the benefits of established associations coming to the at-

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT

BUREAU OF AGR!CULTURU

TWENT!lsTH AKKlfAL RI,:PQ!!T

The projects.which_-are being cai-ried_out _by thls divisi_(}l] are as follows: Administration; Locust Extermination_. Campaign, Rat Extonnination Campaign, Abaca- Diseases, Coconut·Bud-rot Campaign, Plant Inspection Qum:anti.n e Set'viCe, Ento:inO!ogical Specimens, and Misct\Jlaneous Plant Pe!;ts "and DiSeases. LOCUST EXTERMINATION

During the months of Jimuary il.nd' Febiua_ry,: the- infestation was confined to only. 5. ��g(;!ict o. f..C_otabato,, -6 o:f_ ·Bu!dduon, 2 of Lanao and 1 of Davao;· in M�rn�, ,1 dllit.ri�t · o� I)a:vao, 5 of Cotubato, an_d 2 of _Lan_ao ',''eFe, reported" ,in�e�tcii; .ip. April, the infestation -suddenl_Y, ·j_[!mped. frqm ·,8 ;.'_to -35 ·mu nicipal district�, - including tlie_ pr_ovinces_·_ o_f. �guS:aJl..and Su l'igao; and during .the· month of l\fa�·,· the nu_mber.. of. infosted dfatricts. · went up ·_to !16, includjn�__ii'lf€sthtiof!. -i_Il: �he _Province of Bohol.· The 11umber _of .t_o:wns,·infE;i:-ted, rei_nainei;l.. all_out the same until the latter part of ,July, when·_Lefy, _,VUs reported with 4 municipalities _jnfe_sted _and .durinir· _ _._,the �nth_ of September the town of Basey, Sanm1·, was added to the list of infested municipalities. The· heaviest infestation occurred dur ing the month of OctOb!<r, when 52 municipaliti!ls 1i:ere reported infested. The infestation since then gradually diminished and

'.rWE!<;TIETH, ANNUAL REPOR'l'

Alt ..Ool"Pooolo1o"l,"T/W•f'll<i,e•rn.,,,, ..,,1 .. , •• e,.;o, 00 Abaoa

(b) AloboooolloldoUoo�,dbyll,o,_11,dTanowandl"'"'"" Tolodl•aa,ol,foundln T•,."411, Bo.lonD<UOMdB,...,,g,LoUnlon

'I'WE:N'.fIE'l'Il ANNUAL REPORT

( from 1/.S. Year Boof<.-/9/7)

U:Tlr ANown Rcro

, JlU"CAU ,

\mtlCULTlmF

During the Ye�r, 34,employe'es_Ieft the ser,:ice:.and 4j1 acceI.Jted p'ositi(m's, Of. the former, �9 we_re .perma�en!·. "Of. thes.e, 6 went to. other. :bureim_s and _IS.sought othei· Jobs. ''.O.f ._the latter, 5, were:per. manent .coming from other bureaus anc]. 21 ·were selected fnimthe.o_ _ rigjnal lis_t oftlie Civil Sexvi,{)(l. · Duxing .the year 16 employ_ees were given J)l'omotions: At the end of the ,year the Dhi�ion .of Fann Statistics was c'omposed of .47 employees·. _

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPORT ROUTlNE WO!tK

'l'here are •10 employees in the Plant.Industry Division including 3 clerks, 16 of whom are pcrma11ent and the rest tcJnporary. Two of the employees are at present abroad, one specializing in sugar techuology and the othe,· in tobacco cultlll'e. OI the personnel, 10 are new appointees. including a clerk. Four have been taken from othe1• divisions, while 5 have. been transferred, including the agricultural advi�er and the Chi-e.f of the Division, t:he latter having been appointed Assista11t Dil'ector of Agricul·

58, ture. ]'.dti�:-�: � e�pltJY� ·OO�ed. .TJie im;rei!le in penOJJi!l.� � �u�:to t� extension of i;tie,,soope of om; field wOrk: . -�IMENT ST�T�N-�J� �ere;4.�_,alt(i�aj;her 12· e;Per iµumt.�.f-al)..d pi'opagation .� _ ti�s �.dir t�.e- sup�!l��n _?f tbe'Plant Industcy-, DiVisioil, (of _ _ wl_i� .were,·.�li51!-�� . dt1l'l� the y�. Y�ous experiments · ,

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001;tJ�;;��acc6- �iil��; pi��gition o1 tobaeeo seed and · /il�d. c_uri#g tobacco.

harve:'l�

FOOD CAMPAIGN

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To e::irry this to a suiicessful �ee:1:1e the.l'lan�·Indue:try Division .

TWENTIETH ANNUAL ltEPORT

supplied all the seed eol'll needed by the farmers. After the floods of July, which did great damage to the rice seed beds ln the provinces of Bulacan, Pangasinan, Tarlae, Pampanga, and Nueva Ecija, a call.came for the necessary seed palay for replant ing the seed beds. There was no difficulty in meeting this demand as plenty of seed was stored for such emergency eases. Efforts were ma¥ to increase all food crops, such as cereals, root crops, fruits and vegetables. Seeds were either furnished free or in the form of a loan. Corre&pondence.-About 200 communications are received daily for action by thls Division, and of these fully 80% required direct reply, The communications are mostly requests for seed and plant materials and cultural directions. SEED AND PLANT DISTRIBUTION

Seed and plant distribution and introduction are the most important features of the activities of the Division. Foreign seeds and plants are first acelimat� in the Islands before being distributed and recommended. ·Jn 1920 there were lntro ducecl. from abroad 21,765 kilos of vegetable and other seed! .and 64,070 plant& of various SJ;!eeie&, mainly fr.ult trees. The distribution of seed and plant materials during the year may be summarized as follows: )bte<illl

hi.h pot&to811 ····---···---·--·-·-·----·--·-.crates.-. R_kc ··-··--·-·--·-·-··-··-····-·-··········· · ..... _...ca.vanLCom ·-··-····-.. -----···--·-·-·····-···---�do.---·-· .Cowpl!BS ·--·-·--·-····--·-··------··-. --·· ®--·-·Jl.!ongo ··-···········---··-··-··.,.·-·-·-·-·····-··-·---..do·-···-·· Pee.nllt$ ·-··- · --··-·--··-····-· . ·····-··--·--- ldlos.... Sagar call& cuttmga._••,.....-,.··-··-·--···--..--.dO... --·· Ec'onomi,: pl��ts ·--·-·-·:-·-··----···.············-··-Planb.... �eonomlc plim.ts ·-···-··· .. --··--······-···-······c11ttinga... Economic plants ·--·-··--···-·-··-·-··-·-·-·-euclmrs·Economic plants ·--·-·-········ ..--··-····---·-r,,,otstoclc._ EcQn\llllfo pfonts ···--·-··-··-·-··-···-··-·.kilos, seed-.. Economie plants' •.'..·-··--·······-· ·····-··-·---··-,;ee,!1.._ Econ=ic plants....-··-··-··-···-·---�···-····-··.fr1dts._. Ellonomic plants ---·-···--·· ..-•..··-······· ..-·.--.tubets.Ornamental plante -·-····-··-··-··-······-·-······-Plants.•_ Ornamental planttI........................-············-···euttlnga....

.: � : : = :� =�: =: � !�:

Qoo.ntit,,

56 11,236 1,038 28 58 S87 8'19,707 78,897 '13,801 16,886 200 604,652 22,766 2,211 54 1,630 687

Vll!Uo

"862.66 81,461,00 9,842.00 464,40 607.26 119.97 1,748.54. 14,679.40 219,90 988.10 2.00 7&il.94 45.58 110.55 1,08 244.50 6,81

g�::::: ��:� =: : : � =: : : : : : : : :�: ·;:::r::: .�=t��-.;�:E ��:��·- · -· ·-· .:: : . :_::��·. ::::. 7��: �5 86;��:� 2 ,::

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PLATEXL

nuaEAU oe AcRicuwc1m '7"GRONOMY SEL'TION

TWBNTIETH Al.NUAL REPORT

At Lamao Horticultural Station, about 2 hectares of land have been devoted to experimentation on. upland rice. Thia area will be enlarged, when land in that station becomes avail. able. The investigation on rice was grouped into upland and low� land cultures. Experiment.a on lowland palzy were carried on in both Alabang and Pangasinan stations while the upland va rietie.s were conducted at La Carlota and Lamao stations. The following points are abstracted from the records of the experiments on rice conducted this year in all the stations: TESTS OF LOWc.AND VARIBTIES Ob;sct,-To Sllleet the most pronusing varieties for impzovement. There were tested at Alabang Central Rice Station 364 named varieties of. riee of diff'ru:ent origin. Of these 308 are native, collected from the different provinces, 2 from China, 1 f1•om Fprmosa, 10 from Borneo, 10 from Java, 7 from Japan, 5 from Siam, 9 from Saigon, and 12 from the United States and con" sist.lng of bearded, non"bearded, glutinous and non-glutinous. The seed was sown on June 15 and the seedling transplanted to the permanent plats when the seedlings were at the edge of 30 days or more, according to length of maturity. The teat plats were increased in area this year from 16 to 50 square meters making exactly %,,, of a hectare, to get more reliable data. Data describing each variety was taken together with the habit, age at heading, maturity and the yield per plat an.d the be.st varieties ware detemrlned. These data were recorded in the B. A. Form No. 142 for the records of.the office. A test was also made to determine the fiavo1· and cooking qualities of each of these varieties. The varieties received from Japan and the United States did not do well, as tliey were not acclimatized in this country. They were dwarf and headed out too early, giving very poor crops. The varietie;; Hondums and Ventula, received from the Sta.tee, however, have shown bettei· resulti:1 than the Japanese varieties. A trial planting of these varieti es. during. the dry season will be made to find out if they ·would give better results if thus planted as they may not be accustomed to growing dur" ing the wet sea.son, as are our native varietilll!, Most of the varieties in this teet have not shown a very wide ran8'1l of yields so that the elimination of the low-yielding ones can not be made until the varieties have been tried for several years, except a few which will be eliminated to reduce the num". her ofneid: year test.

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La. Carlota and lfi'mao, Sia��B, of,: wh4�: !'l,'.IIIld..:r_��;•

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Isa.bela Corn Breeding SuM:t3tlo� cori�n�:�?0nt1,50:.hllet'¥1ie': c :': · of land. but o�ly about 8 �etares have_bei!µ'phinied as.t�e'.Worl . was started only last Septelnber, Jus� .to ��n the ,eonf-·WOr� · ·" In Cebll, the Cebu· Breeding_ S�ti�n: �- al��· es��lished:' '.t�1� :

' ye3.l.' teml)orarilJ': 'a.t -.Baga,i. Demonstfation Stii.tloij. a hectare hllll been-planted this year due to lack of work was �rted too late in the jrear. · N��iations regions of the Islands, like Bohol, etc. . . . · ; ..: ;·,1; :.,; The following are excerpts from the different 'investigatiom[ on com made in the differellt stat:iOn� during the year ,192Q. :: �est.-The object o� this' experimen_t ·was to Genm-a.Z varie� _ fi, n d out the mOSt prom.lsil!8" variety: for improvement.. At the La Carlota.Exi>erlment. Station, a test of the variet:i8S Baluga yellow, Bohol..white,. "Cagayan.-yellow, Cal:i.mba. yellow, Cebu , , �hit�;-a.tid Mor.' o whl�- :waa_oondueted this ye?,J:. ,:�. , "" Of the··sl:ir.. varieties tested in that station for last April the , ., ·.,, ,Baluga yetiow_.rat�fii!,e hi8°helit among the yellow varieties, and \ '" , ·_"Jhe i,�i'il"·wpJ.l:e.'ail10.Jlg' the white ones. : On·N?ven;ib� .22" ��er series of planting of the 6 men .-,- -tiGn'ed>varieiies .Was,nmae but the results cannot be included in '_, .�s . report Vatl'iety Te!lt,-Th"e;·object of this experiment is to determine which. varieties of sµg"ai- .c.ane will give good results under the ci d i . ' ��;��: = �:u1ei:: ��r!��:::��tw?� ::=�:�: erene& 'to gro�h of the planta and tonnage of cane per hectare. ·. Forty vatjetiea of cane are planted in thie test, and Ill! are ·doing·:wen altho�g� a few .of thel!l,are being att.aeked by a se;ious_ .. mosaic disease. �o®'_ Cans ·Ana!yeis...:. This work is being done to :find out . ·�hat '.V:�.��_of. cane -wi.11. give the h,ighest yield of sucrose per ·h_ec� ·t,kirig_ everything into consideration. ' Forty'·of·;the old cane.varieties and a few of the newly in - .troduci'ed onBS We··have at· La Carlota are being analyzed at preilent·· � the. ·sugar laborato1:i: of that station. Samples of �2 V�rie�� of s�dling ��r cane from Lamao have been sent t to tJie Bli.�� <f Sci�ee. for analysis. ._�ccUma:tiz(wwn li;'reporimen.t.-The put'Pose of this is to test ne"".ly acQ.uir� "peSt and disease-free cane varieties for adap.·.m;r�rf:�:�: � � ��lota, and under it we have 2 d cli

native and 7,.�oreign r�lar varieties and 15.seedling varie ties. · A few of these varieties with the Cebu purple and the Ha�!l-109 in, the load promise to turn out well.

TWENTIETH _.\NKUAL REPORT TOBACCO

APPLICATIONS FILED

Thei:e has been receincl from the above mentioned 12,311 applications for the insurance of animalï¿½, 6,142 were filed_ between April, 1919 and December 31 of year, and the rest, 6,lGfl during 1920. During the May of thEi presl:lnt year, ri1any of the agents weJ'e

UUI\EAU OF AGRICULTURE

ideµtifyiug said animals and fmally in branding them and eol lecLing preminms. APPLIOA'IIONSAPPROVE))

NUl.lBER OF ANIMALS INSURED

'l'WElNTIB'l'H ANNUAL REPORT

·BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE

baled and inspected in accordance with Article HI, Chapter 46, Title VII, Boolt II, of Act No. 2711, approwd March 10, 1917 of the Administrative Code. The assistant fiber inspectors per formed their duties in helping the supervison and fiber in spector in the supervision of the grading of fiber at the press or presses to which they were assigned, as well as checking and stamping all bales submitted for inspection and to repol't any irregularities whfoh they might have noticed in the bor!Bgaa. 'l'be fiber di'iision condueted a campaign throu.ghout the year to impr1nre the me!;hods of stripping and preparing fiber for the rnm·ket, and in addition due to the s\:agnant price of abaca (Manila hemp) fihtH', especially during the latter part of the yeru.·, the force of fiber inspectors and assi!!tant !'Jher in spectors of Carnarines, Albay, Sorsogon, Samar, Leyte aud Su rigao were instructed as in the latter part of the year 1918 and early part of 1919 t.o help in the campaign for the p1•oduction of more food crops conducted by the other divisions of this Bureau, instead of stimulating the production of abaca (Manila hemp) fiber. Besides thE! isSuance of certificates for all certifted bales of abaea (Manila hemp) fiber, statistics were issued each month of the number of bales of each gmde inspected and certified by the fiber inspectors throughout the islands giving the h'ade useful information on the production ancl general fiber con dition. 'l'he fiber investigation section of the libel" division dis tributed during the year, fiber plant materials wl1ich consisted of 28,018 suckers of maguey, sisal, abaca and other fl.bet· pro ducing plants; and 18,245 grams of seeds of plants producing fiber. Ag in the last two yeart< Prieto fiber stripping machines were operated at San Fernando, CClbu, and Siuait, Ilocos Sur, to de monstrate the practicability of stl'ipping maguey and sisal by 111achine1y. The Government sil'ipping machine Irene No. 251 which ·was installed in San Fernando made a good showing in a!! respects. Since the installation of this machines three other machines with greater capacity were installed in the Province of Cebu. This m:1chine hna given a good return to the Government during the period front January to Augu�t of last year, Ml'. Claro L. de Guzman, Supervising Fiber Inspectoi· at Cebu, sold -1•3,205.58 worth of the fiber share. Upon the suggeRtion Of Mr. H. 'J'. Edwards of the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., the mnchine was transferred to Siquijor in October of the �ame year under the management of Damban & Company.

TWENTIETH ANNUAL REPOltT �·HIBR GRADIKG AND INSI'llCTION

BUREAU OF hGllICUL'fURE

It seems that the criticism made during the. year of the local enemies of the law based upon the aforementioned complaints strengthens the usefulness of the law rather than undermines it. GRADING STATIONS AND ES'fABLlSIIMENTS During the year jUBt past, there were designated BO grading stations and 120 grading establishments, an increase of 3 grading establishments over the previous year. 'ABACA TESTS

There are 35 so-called varieties of Abaea under culture in La Carlota Experiment Station since 1912. Our observations for this year confirm that of last year to the effect; that since the destruction of the irrigation system in the above station in Auguet 1919 all of the abaea varieties could not attain their proper development. Everyone of them has been ao affected that they mature and deve\ope stalks which range in length from 69 cm. (Lagurhuan Dogami) to 266 cm. (Maguindanao) with a. varl majority below 200 cm. and yielding fibers below normal in length and the fiber cont.ent bas decreased in many i,:a�es. OONCLUSION Ae in previollll reports, many of the statistical tables such as detailed reports of the sale of animals, livestock purchases, crop production, breeding records, inspeciions, publications, fiber records, plant pr<Jpagation records on rice, sugar, eoni, tobaceo, laboratory tests, maps, graphic chR.t'ts, etc., were not incorporated herewith, on aeeount of ecoli.omizing both time ,in preparation, and space required. They are, however, ava.llable in the several divisions of the Bureau and may readily be fur nished when detailed information on any of these subjects is required. Respectfully �ubmitted, ADRIANO .HERNANDEZ, Director of Agriaultura. To the Honorable the SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE ANO NATURAL R&SOURCES, Mawila.,P.I.

l'trnLICATIONS OF THE BUREAU OF AGlUC1.'LTURE.

PUBLICATIONS OF THE :BUREAU OF AGRIOULTURE-Ctd.

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