Hola MaHigh School Volume 6, Issue 2 February 2017
! s ’ e
? n t i a t h n w le s a s e V u G is It ... and a lot more!
Gauteng, home to Africa’s economic powerhouse, Johannesburg, boasts an exciting mix of urban lifestyle, diverse cultural and natural attractions, as well as advanced infrastructure. Call us and we’ll show you why Gauteng in South Africa is the perfect location to bring your big idea to vibrant, colourful life.
Contents 06 Editor’s letter 07 Poem 08 We need writers 10 Contributors 11 Holler at us 12 Starting at university 14 Valentines 18 Why everest?
Contents
20 TVET doing somethng new 24 February month 26 Super bowl 32 dubai: the dream 38 oxygen: the story 42 res living 44 book review 46 next issue
Editors Letter February - phew - last month of summer. But also Valentine’s month. Of course we have something on Valentine’s and it is of course different. Valentine’s is important. Much more than just chocolate. Also love to all and sundry - animals as well as humans. We can all try that. In the spirit of Valentine’s. Masiziba is at university now. She is still with us. Read her article about starting at university. WOW. and that is also what some of you will meet next year and the year after. International: Dubai! Wish I could .... really wish it. And science: Oxygen. It has a history. a history. It It is is much much more more than just <gasp> than just <gasp> February is also Super Bowl in USA. I simply love those things. It is just so over the top. And so everything we see in on TV. All in all: Good read!
Sybil Sybil
Time for poems:
Perhaps love is like a resting place A shelter from the storm It exists to give you comfort It is there to keep you warm And in those times of trouble When you are most alone The memory of love will bring you home Perhaps love is like a window Perhaps an open door It invites you to come closer It wants to show you more And even if you lose yourself And donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know what to do The memory of love will see you through
John Denver: Perhaps love.
We need writers! Our writers are growing up and getting older That is og course good. BUT.... it means they are leaving us Therefore: would you like towrite for us? What is required? That is easy You have to be in grade 10-12 Impeccable in your preferred language-and that might not be English. We try to be more than just English Passionate about your topic of choice no dull articles here
Do you get anything out of it? Well, not money, sorrry. BUT if we publish your articles you will have: Your bio in a commercial magazine A photo of yourself You can put it all on your CV you can use us as a reference ... and it goes in your portfolio
Is it important? YES it is. Look what Rofhiwa said: My name is Rofhiwa and I love to write. I think I am rather decent writer too. I took my talent and have used it to express my thoughts on international dealings of the world which have been published in Hola MaHigh-School. It has paid off, not only is my work printed for young people in the country to read, but it also contributed to me gettng a bursary from CNBC-Africa to do my post-graduate studies. Would be a lot harder to get by if I didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have platform like Hola MaHigh-School.
What
me o
to do
?
n iva n co.za @romele . : nam e scho Cell n ol E-ma umber ... and il addres s we w ill tal k!
Meet our contributors My name is Masiziba, a 16 year old girl from a small rural town called Balfour in Mpumalanga. I am a matriculant in wait. My mother worked as a domestic worker and my father is a backyard Farmer. During my spare time I love reading, writing stories and watching TV. I am a confident girl who has big dreams and wants to prove that you can make it whatever your background is
Pinky Rapoo is a creative writer by nature and not yet by profession.She lives in Vosloorus and is currently in grade 12 at Vosloorus Comprehensive SecondarySchool. Listening to music is her hobby,writing is her passion. Her motto is â&#x20AC;&#x153;Think twice before speaking,think three times before acting and think thoroughly before writingâ&#x20AC;?. My name is Fikile Unifire Zulu, I hail from Evaton West in the Vaal Triangle, Gauteng. I love art (writing included) and started doing so ever since I can remember. I am a go-getter, determined, ambitious and diligent young woman, I strongly believe in reading because it allows you to look at the world in a new perspective and writing .. well you get to express your thoughts and imagination without any fear. Besides writing, I am passionate about serving the community, currently I am a Provincial Secretary-General for Disabled Youth South Africa, Deputy Chairperson for Evaton West Local Drug Action Commitee, PR officer for Educate South Africa and part of Gauteng Youth Road Safety task team.
HOLLER AT US Hola MaHigh-School
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Starting at univer Our star writer Masiziba has now gone to University of the Free State. BUT we will still be able to enjoy her articles. Herfe is the first one: Starting a new life is both exciting and ‘scary’: University. Nothing like I expected. It is a huge place. Everyone. Different personalities, lifestyles and privileges. It is hard to find your way around both geographically and personally. If you are living in a commune or residence, you must share everything with everyone. It is not like home where you know you have your own room and you can play music as loud as you like. Textbooks, rent, food, stationery, and tuition is so expensive. And some have the privilege of driving their own cars around campus while others don’t. Others get to shop at the Mall while others have never even tiptoed inside. Some are still waiting to register. Others are already swiping their student cards and accessing their online platforms. During lectures, some have textbooks. And some don’t. But on a personal level, I feel Responsibility has been forefront because what is prevalent is that university does not carry flowers only, but thorns too. There are people who try and influence you to be what you are not. They want you to lose yourself and become who they want you to be. They try to tell you the cool places. What to spend on. What to wear. Who to greet and how.
rsity. By Masiziba Then when you say no. You don’t fit in anymore. You are a complete outsider. You are treated differently. You don’t blend in. But at least you are still yourself. You know what you came for in varsity. To study. And it is your responsibility. There are holidays where you can socialize all you like. But now, especially first year, there is lot of work. And it is not high school where you still have parents or teachers watching your every move. I know it might sound fun and very tempting to hear all the parties and the DJ’s playing. However, is it worthwhile especially just when the key of independence has been given to you? The sad fact about varsity is that (so say all my lecturers) that fifty percent of first years make it to second year. And in translation, it means that only a few get to have the real experience of varsity. Sadly, some portion of those who do not make it, have them solely to blame. They forgot their values and why they came to varsity. Never took on the responsibility to do what they were supposed to do in varsity. For the first week at varsity, I had already made enemies, friends and gathered a lot of emotions. I am still trying to find my feet. And everything seems hard. But I will always find the strength and will to remain true to myself and who I am. And I will be a second year. No matter what. By MASIZIBA HADEBE
February = Wiki says: Valentine’s Day, is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14. It originated as a Western Christian liturgical feast day honoring one or more early saints named Valentinus, and is recognized as a significant cultural and commercial celebration in many regions around the world, although it is not a public holiday in any country. We all know the story: Saint Valentine of Rome was imprisoned for performing weddings for soldiers who were forbidden to marry and for ministering to Christians, who were persecuted under the Roman Empire. According to legend, during his imprisonment, Saint Valentine healed the daughter of his jailer, Asterius, and before his execution, he wrote her a letter signed “Your Valentine” as a farewell. It does bring tears to my eyes as well. However, it is not actually the truth. But it is a good story anyway. Saint Valentine’s Day is an official feast day in the Anglican Communion, as well as in the Lutheran Church. Many parts of the Eastern Orthodox Church also celebrate Saint Valentine’s Day, albeit on July 6 and July 30, the former date in honor of the Roman presbyter Saint Valentine, and the latter date in honor of Hieromartyr Valentine, the Bishop of Interamna. So, it is not just….
Valentine’s But hey, there are other traditions as well: In Norfolk, a character called ‘Jack’ Valentine knocks on the rear door of houses leaving sweets and presents for children. Although he was leaving treats, many children were scared of this mystical person. In Slovenia, Saint Valentine or Zdravko was one of the saints of spring, the saint of good health and the patron of beekeepers and pilgrims. A proverb says that “Saint Valentine brings the keys of roots”. Plants and flowers start to grow on this day. It has been celebrated as the day when the first work in the vineyards and in the fields commences.
February = Valentine’s in Japan In Japan, Morozoff Ltd. introduced the holiday for the first time in 1936, when it ran an advertisement aimed at foreigners. Later in 1953, it began promoting the giving of heart-shaped chocolates; other Japanese confectionery companies followed suit thereafter. In 1958, the Isetan department store ran a “Valentine sale”. The custom that only women give chocolates to men may have originated from the translation error of a chocolate-company executive during the initial campaigns. In particular, office ladies give chocolate to their co-workers. Unlike western countries, gifts such as greeting cards, candies, flowers, or dinner dates are uncommon, and most of the activity about the gifts is about giving the right amount of chocolate to each person. Japanese chocolate companies make half their annual sales during this time of the year. Many women feel obliged to give chocolates to all male co-workers, except when the day falls on a Sunday, a holiday. Unpopular co-workers receiving only “ultra-obligatory” cheap chocolate. This contrasts with “true feeling chocolate”), chocolate given to a loved one. In the 1980s, the Japanese National Confectionery Industry Association launched a successful campaign to make March 14 a “reply day”, where men are expected to
Valentine’s return the favour to those who gave them chocolates on Valentine’s Day, calling it White Day for the color of the chocolates being offered. A previous failed attempt to popularize this celebration had been done by a marshmallow manufacturer who wanted men to return marshmallows to women. Men are expected to return gifts that are at least two or three times more valuable than the gifts received in Valentine’s Day. Not returning the gift is perceived as the man placing himself in a position of superiority, even if excuses are given. Returning a present of equal value is considered as a way to say that the relationship is being cut. Why chocolate?The tradition of eating chocolate on Valentine’s Day was started by a dedicated marketing campaign by Richard Cadbury in the 1840s. The marketing move occurred as Cadbury had developed a more palatable chocolate recipe. The culture of celebrating Valentine’s Day had also taken hold in Victorian England. Richard Cadbury capitalized on the trend by creating customized chocolate boxes with beautiful designs and Valentine’s Day imagery. Yes, well. That’s sort of it, then.
Everest WHY? Why do we want to climb Everest? It is cold, hard and there is a good risk of dying as well. WHY?
OK, a bit history (all from Wiki) In 1856, the Great Trigonometrical Survey of India established the first published height of Everest, then known as Peak XV, at 8,840 m. In 1865, Everest was given its official English name by the Royal Geographical Society upon a recommendation by Andrew Waugh, the British Surveyor General of India. Waugh chose to name the mountain after his predecessor in the post, Sir George Everest. Mount Everest attracts many climbers. While not posing substantial technical climbing challenges on the standard route, Everest presents dangers such as altitude sickness, weather, and wind as well as significant hazards from avalanches and the Khumbu Icefall. As of 2016 there are well over 200 corpses on the mountain, with some of them even serving as landmarks. The first recorded efforts to reach Everest’s summit were made by British mountaineers. Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary made the first official ascent of Everest in 1953 using the southeast ridge route. But WHY? Ok, let us pause for a moment. Did you see the word ‘mountaineers’? This means people who are doing this for a living (or actually who have so much money so they can go do these things if they want to). Now, that is the craze. It is there. Therefore it must be ‘fun’ to go climb on top of it.
t: Why? Did you also see that the early days were dominated by the British? Victorian Britain produced this type of craze among the rich. And now? According to Jon Krakauer, the era of commercialisation of Everest started in 1985, when the summit was reached by a guided expedition led by David Breashears. By the early-1990s, several companies were offering guided tours to the mountain. Rob Hall, one of the mountaineers who died in the 1996 disaster, had successfully guided 39 clients to the summit prior to that incident. The degree of commercialisation of Mount Everest is a frequent subject of criticism.[342] Jamling Tenzing Norgay, the son of Tenzing Norgay, said in a 2003 interview that his late father would have been shocked to discover that rich thrill-seekers with no climbing experience were now routinely reaching the summit. “You still have to climb this mountain yourself with your feet. But the spirit of adventure is not there anymore. It is lost. There are people going up there who have no idea how to put on crampons. They are climbing because they have paid someone $65,000. It is very selfish. It endangers the lives of others.” So, it is now adrenalin. tick. done Everest. What’s next? bungy jumping without the rope? Ok, I am in. Diving to the mariana trench? Thrill is great and I can do it. PS: some die in the attempt, remember
FNB partners with co
This is an article we have received from T but we trust we have kept the ‘spirit’ of t can if we pull together!
Offering a course that is outside the norm lege in Bloemfontein. The top students f month internships with FNB this month.
The principal of the college shares the lo Motheo Technical Vocational and Educat from its peers by becoming the first colle ognised Accounting Technician Certificat
“We wanted to offer a qualification that was different, new and excitin pal of Motheo Technical Vocational and Education and Training (TVET) “They [ed. The students] must have good scores for mathematics and a entrance exam. We also verify that they have no criminal record. Only accept them into the programme,” says Phutsisi.
There are many career opportuni are in demand in the public secto ficers.
“The Accounting Technician certi sector,” reports Phutsisi. “First N starting this month. This will shar work ready. They will earn a stipe
The college’s finance department financial systems of the college t
ollege in Bloemfontein
TerraNova. We have edited it slightly, the article. It just goes to show that we
m has paid off handsomely for a colfrom the first year’s intake start 18
ong road to get there. tion and Training (TVET) College in Bloemfontein has set itself apart ege in the country to receive accreditation for an internationally recte.
ng,” explains Dipiloane Phutsisi, princi) College.
accounting in grade 12 and pass an once they have been cleared can we
ities for Accounting Technician graduates. Besides banking, their skills or, especially as state accountants, managers and chief financial of-
ificate qualification has facilitated partnerships with the banking National Bank is placing five of our graduates in 18 month internships, rpen the graduates’ skills in accounting and banking and make them end throughout the internship.”
t has absorbed six top achievers of the first cohort to improve the too. A win-win all round!
FNB partners with co
Don’t wait for your ship to come in, swim out to it Phutsisi tells college students that they can achieve their dreams throu what about the college? Why not approach government to fund the co
Inspired, Phutsisi sent a proposal to the National Skills Fund, asking th cate, which they agreed to.
The certificate was accredited through the Ass management of Motheo TVET College needed qualified facilitators and good systems.
“AAT(SA) trained our Business Management f sive commitment by our staff,” says Phutsisi. “ sibilities. They all passed the UK registered ex
Then and Now In 2014 Motheo College started its first intake (NQF level 4) of student This year will see the first year’s intake for NQF level 5.
Phutsisi and her management team are thrilled with the progress bein build and support a promising future for young people. Let them grab
Many people played their part in the success of the project. “Our actin the college) together with our quality manager, Nigel Olin were a drivi
Senior lecturer Mmama Tebele, and lecturer Bob Mokhetheia, are both mous contributions to this project,” says Phutsisi. In a country with unemployment at 26.6%, this through innovative partnerships. This development orative solutions to addressing poverty, and provid-
ollege in Bloemfontein
ugh hard work and dedication. Mulling this over, she thought, ‘But ourse for skills that the country sorely needs?’
hem to fund the accreditation for the Accounting Technician certifi-
sociation of Accounting Technicians South Africa [AAT(SA)]. The d to convince the AAT(SA) that it has good policies and procedures,
faculty lecturers to become Accounting Technicians. This was a mas“They studied for a year while holding down their usual work responxam. I am so proud of them.”
ts for the Accounting Technician Certificate.
ng made since accreditation. “We are here to b this opportunity with both hands!”
ng CFO, Bernard Kruger (who has since left ing force behind the success of this project.
h AAT facilitators and they also need to be thanked for their enorinitiative is a worthy example of what can be achieved is an encouraging reminder of the need to seek collabing education and employment.
February: more The last month of summer. We are into autumn after this. BUT it is the month of Valentine’s. The month of love. Of course we have something on that, but there is more to February: Random Acts of Kindness Day is a day to celebrate and encourage random acts of kindness. The Random Acts of Kindness Foundation (RAK) was founded in 1995 in the USA. Ideas include: Pay for the person behind you in the drive-thru Let someone go ahead of you in line Buy extra at the grocery store and donate it to a food pantry Buy flowers for someone (postal worker, grocery store clerk, bus driver, etc.) Post anonymous sticky notes with validating or uplifting messages around for people to find Compliment a work colleague on their work Send an encouraging text to someone Let a car into the traffic ahead of you Take a gift to new neighbors and introduce yourself Ice Cream for Breakfast Day The holiday was invented on a snowy winter day in the 1960s by Florence Rappaport in Rochester, New York. To entertain her six kids, she declared it to be Ice Cream For Breakfast Day. She explained, “It was cold and snowy and the kids were complaining that it was too cold to do anything. So I just said, ‘Let’s have
than Valentine’s ice cream for breakfast.’” The next year, they reminded her of the day and a tradition began. When the siblings grew up, they held parties and introduced the tradition to friends while in college, and the tradition began to spread.
The holiday began to spread across the world thanks to Florence’s grandchildren, who have traveled extensively. Celebrations have been recorded in Nepal, Namibia, Germany, New Zealand and Honduras. Some are small family celebrations and others are larger parties. The holiday has even been celebrated in China since 2003 and was featured in the Chinese edition of Cosmopolitan magazine and local magazines in Hangzhou, China. Super bowl But that is a separate thing!
Super Bowl: T The Super Bowl is the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL). The game is the culmination to a season that begins in the late summer of the previous calendar year. It really started in 1970, so it is not that old, really. The day on which the Super Bowl is played, now considered by some as an unofficial American national holiday, is called â&#x20AC;&#x153;Super Bowl Sundayâ&#x20AC;?. It is the second-largest day for U.S. food consumption, after Thanksgiving Day. In addition, the Super Bowl has frequently been the most-watched American television broadcast of the year. In 2015, Super Bowl XLIX became the most-watched American tel-
evision program in history with an average audience of 114.4 million
This is US of A viewers. The Super Bowl is also among the most-watched sporting events in the world, almost all audiences being North American, and is second to soccer’s UEFA Champions League final as the most watched annual sporting event worldwide. Because of the high viewership, commercial airtime during the Super Bowl broadcast is the most expensive of the year, leading to companies regularly developing their most expensive advertisements for this broadcast. As a result, watching and discussing the broadcast’s commercials has become a significant aspect of the event. In addition, popular singers and musicians including Michael Jackson, Madonna, Prince, Beyoncé, Paul McCartney, The Rolling Stones, The Who, Whitney Houston, and Lady Gaga have performed during the event’s pre-game and halftime ceremonies.
Super So, it is huge, but what does it mean? In a country which is as diverse as USA, there is one thing which unites: sports. This can be baseball, basketball, or in this instance: American football. The tradition sort of got established via TV. The games were transmitted and suddenly the game itself was a part of the entire celebration, but not necessarily the main event. The TV commercials are just as important, and the one who sings the National Anthem is the topic for discussions for generations. And then of course the family gatherings to watch it, and the friends, and the braai and the tailgate party and so on. It is right up there with other holidays (although it is not a holiday). The reason is as well that it is not a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;formalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; thing. Thanksgiving is formal. Dress up, new clothes for the kids (and stern warnings to behave!), family dinner, and the usual family fights, etc. All good fun, of course
r Bowl Super bowl is different. It is relaxed (although the fights about sports are probably also there), but in essence: it is in-formal. So, Super Bowl can be just pure fun and a chance to celebrate or cry or be indifferent. And relax. And the players? And which team is going to the Super Bowl? That is also some hot topics. Those palyers are paid millions and the teams are big enterprises. Sure, it is entertainment, but it is also a big money-spinner. Super Bowl is probably the closest thing to a unifying force in USA. It defines what America is in many ways. And it is something we could envy them. It is hard to find a country with the same unifying perception of any sport. The closest we got to it was probably the rugby finals in 1995. THAT was the moment where we all felt like ONE NATION. Any comments on that?
We provide loans and bursaries to students at all 26 public universities and 50 public TVET colleges throughout the country.
Dubai: the ultim Ever wondered why Dubai? Why is Dubai now so famous? How did it happen? Is it real? Or is it just an image? First of all, it is not Dubai on its own. It is formally UAE (United Arabic Emirates). The country is a federation of seven emirates, and was established on December 2, 1971. The constituent emirates are Abu Dhabi (which serves as the capital), Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah and Umm al-Quwain. Each emirate is governed by an absolute monarch Although a bit of a lose construction, there are of course many commonalities. Arabic is the language, Islam is the state religion, etc. But let us now turn to Dubai as the emirate. The emir is HRH Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. Without any doubt, this is the ruler who saw what could be. Dubai has a little bit of oil. Not a lot. Somehow he saw that if they could use the oil income to build Dubai infra-structure and provide global services, Dubai could indeed grow. Dubai was never a ‘rich’ country’ in the usual terms. It was really backwater until the late 1960’s. Pearl export was really the only thing and of course sitting on a few trade routes. Even that was not great. But what happened then? The emir evaluated the ‘natural resources’: great climate, great coast line, lots of space (sort of) and money in the bank. The Jebel Ali port area got renovated and is now an international transport hub. In 1985, the Free Zone was created. It
mate destination is an industrial area surrounding the port, allows the international companies who relocate there to enjoy the special privileges of the free zone. These include exemption from corporate tax for 15 years, no personal income tax, no import or export duties, no restriction on currency, and easy labour recruitment. Jebel Ali inched up to be world’s 9th busiest port in 2011. So we are talking something comparable to Singapore. Next came the airline Emirates. During the mid-1980s, Gulf Air began to cut back its services to Dubai. As a result, Emirates was conceived in March 1985 with backing from Dubai’s royal family. Emirates is now the world’s fourth largest airline by scheduled revenue passenger-kilometers flown, the fourth-largest in terms of international passengers carried, and the second-largest in terms of freight tonne kilometers flown. Emirates launched the longest non-stop commercial flight from Dubai to Auckland on 1 March 2016. Approximately 85% of the expatriate population (and 71% of the emirate’s total population) is Asian (chiefly Indian, Pakistani, Filipino, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan). The population of Dubai is 2.657 million. And where is the money coming from? Real estate and construction (22.6%), trade (16%), entrepôt (15%) and financial services (11%) are the largest contributors to Dubai’s economy.
Dubai: Pr Oh yes. The GDP is some $105 bn and per capita, $44,000. SA is GDP $326 bn and per capita $5,859. In essence, that little area is like 1/3 of the entire wealth of SA and the people are approximately 8 times as well-off as the average South African. Not bad at all. So let us now interpret all of this a bit. What is the image of Dubai? Flashy, playground for the rich, financial services for the rich, perfectionism rules, everything is working, attractive workplace, work hard and play hard. It probably sums it up. Is it true? Yes, it is. By and large. The rich and famous go there, because it is working and with no restrictions really. Everything is catered fro if you have money. Personal experience: it is working. It is a dream place. It is a tourist destination, not just for the rich after all. So that is working as well. IT production and ‘entrepot’ manufacturing is there. Amazingly, there is a dirty and dusty side as well. The port area is a hub of production and transit. So, 2/3 of the population is actually foreigners, working to cater for a huge luxury clientele and really running the major undertakings. These are from all over the globe with no restrictions. And the local population? All some 650,000 of them? Less than the population of Pretoria City? They do work of course, but are like a minority in Dubai. Dubai is centered on the outside world and is catering for the ‘Western’ life style. Insofar as the economy is diversified and not reliant on just one in-
riceless come stream (oil), Dubai should be shielded a bit from global market trends. To a certain degree, but it also means there is no domestic fall-back. Any upheaval in global markets will hit Dubai as it did in the recent global crisis. But who did it hit? The ‘locals’ outside of the city? Or the rich and famous? Guess yourself. So maybe Dubai is actually OK? What is the future for a Dubai? I predict Dubai will attract more IT companies and provide IT services throughout Middle East. The workforce may come from India (which is after all just next door). The financial services market will grow and with the influx of ‘the rich’ the deposits will match anything otherwise seen. International transport and free zone manufacturing will entail that it is attractive to get into Dubai. It can only grow. … But global warming might just spoil it all. Because of geography it is predicted that the average temp might be like 70 degrees in only 50 years. Too hot to live there. All said: I wish I could go there!
A tyre? No Goodyear unve Unique spherical shaped concept tyre highlights ultimate manoeuvrability, safety and connectivity
Geneva, Switzerland, March, 2016- After 117 years of making tyres, Goodyear presented a vision of a fut Goodyear unveiled its latest concept tyre, Eagle-360, at the Geneva International Motor Show. The spher for the long-term future when autonomous driving is expected to be more mainstream.
According to a recent study from Navigant Research, 85 million autonomous-capable vehicles are expec Tech Choice Study, consumers are most concerned with ensuring safety through technology in autonom “By steadily reducing the driver interaction and intervention in self-driving vehicles, tyres will play an ev president and chief technical officer. “Goodyear’s concept tyres the boundaries of conventional thinking and as testbeds for Spherical shape for ultimate manoeuvrability and safety The unique shape of the Goodyear Eagle-360 could contribautonomous mobility.The spherical shape of the tyre is key to move in all directions, contributing to passenger safety. Active from potential hazards, such as black ice or sudden obstacles, so In addition, the spherical shape of the Goodyear Eagle-360 This helps the car to overtake an obstacle without changing its Finally, because 360 degree turns are possible with this tyre, it less space will be needed for cars fitted with spherical tyres to same role, this could significantly increase the capacity of public
Connected via magnetic levitation To connect with the body of the car, the Goodyear Eagle-360 from the car by magnetic fields, similar to magnetic levitation “Though this is purely a concept tyre, it showcases some of drivers can be addressed. Based on our own recent research[3], able cars to be part of future mobility and that reliability and could deliver a safe and sustainable solutionfor our end consumer who is likely to drive or ride in autono as inspiration for the automotive industry as we continue to find solutions for the future, together.”
Sensors ensure connectivity with car and increase sa Goodyear imagined another feature, connectivity, to cles, which is brought to life in three features. First, s the road conditions, including weather and road surf to the car as well as to other vehicles to enhance safe and pressure monitoring technology, sensors in the E tyre to extend mileage. Finally, because the tread is p based on the region where the driver lives is a new p
Biomimicry - inspired by nature Elements of the Eagle-360 design showcase biomimi Goodyear often uses in its designs. The tread mimics blocks and grooves help to secure a safe contact patch. The groove bottom has the same elements as a n and aquaplaning resistance. This texture also absorbs water on the road and ejects water from the tyre f
o, Science eils Eagle-360
ture tyre that looks radically different from tyres today -it’s a sphere. rical, 3-D printed tyre highlights Goodyear’s vision for the future and presents an inspiring solution
cted to be sold annually around the world by 2035[1], for example. According to the J.D. Power 2015 U.S. mous cars. ven more important role as the primary link to the road,” said Joseph Zekoski, Goodyear’s senior vice play a dual role in the future both as creative platforms to push next-generation technologies.” ute to safety and maneuverability to match the demands of delivering ultimate manoeuvrability. The multi-orientation tyres technology allows the tyre to move as needed to reduce sliding it contributes to staying on a safe path. provides a smooth ride by creating a fluid, lateral movement. driving direction. could tackle anticipated parking constrictions of the future, as pull into parking spots. Assuming public parking areas play the parking areas without increasing their size.
concept tyre relies on magnetic levitation. The tyre is suspended trains, which increases passenger comfort and reduces noise. Goodyear’s best innovative thinking and how the needs of future we know that young drivers are looking for smart and sustainsafety are key for them.4 We believe the Eagle-360 concept tyre omous cars in the future,” said Jean-Claude Kihn, President of Goodyear EMEA. “We also hope it serves
afety o optimize driving conditions in autonomous vehisensors inside the Eagle-360 concept tyre register face conditions, and communicate this information ety. Secondly, leveraging Goodyear’s tread wear Eagle-360 register and regulate the wear of the produced by a 3-D printer, customizing the tyre possibility.
icry, which is the imitation of nature, a principle s the pattern of brain coral, and its multidirectional natural sponge, which stiffens when dry yet softens when wet to deliver adequate driving performance footprint through centrifugal force to reduce the risk of aquaplaning.
Oxygen Oxygen is of course important. Humans (and a lot of animals) need oxygen. Otherwise we die. Simple. But not all living things need oxygen. Some bacteria use other processes, and ‘breathe’ other things. That said, we shall focus on oxygen today. Oh yes, your brain consumes 20% of the oxygen, but only accounts for 5% of the body mass. So we turn to Wiki: By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. O2 is is an important part of the atmosphere and oxygen gas constitutes 20.8% of the Earth’s atmosphere. Additionally, as oxides, the element makes up almost half of the Earth’s crust. We have heard about photosynthesis? Yes? So let us move on. But has it always been so? Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth’s atmosphere had no free oxygen. Photosynthetic organisms that produced O2 as a waste product lived long before the first build-up of free oxygen in the atmosphere, perhaps as early as 3.5 billion years ago. The oxygen they produced would have been rapidly removed from the atmosphere by weathering
n: gasp! of reducing minerals, most notably iron. This “mass rusting” led to the deposition of iron oxide on the ocean floor. Oxygen only began to persist in the atmosphere in small quantities about 50 million years before the start of the Great Oxygenation Event (some 2,4 billion years ago). This mass oxygenation of the atmosphere resulted in rapid buildup of free oxygen. Great oxygenation event? The increased production of oxygen set Earth’s original atmosphere off balance. Free oxygen is toxic to obligate anaerobic organisms, and the rising concentrations may have destroyed most such organisms at the time. Cyanobacteria were therefore responsible for one of the most significant extinction events in Earth’s history. Before the Huronian Ice Age (2,4 billion years ago), most organisms were anaerobic, but around this time, the cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis. These bacteria were able to reproduce at exponential rates due to their new ecological niche, exploiting the near-limitless energy of the sun.
Oxygen: o Their photosynthesis produced oxygen as a waste product expelled into the air. At first, most of this oxygen was absorbed through the oxidization of surface iron and the decomposition of life forms. However, as the population of the cyanobacteria continued to grow, these oxygen-sinks became saturated. This led to a mass extinction of most life forms, which were anaerobic, as oxygen was toxic to them. As oxygen “polluted” the mostly methane atmosphere, and methane bonded with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water, a different, thinner atmosphere emerged, and Earth began to lose heat. Thus began the Huronian Ice Age, possibly the longest episode of glaciation in Earth’s history and called snowball Earth. OK, that was 2,4 billion years ago. In the absence of plants, the rate of oxygen production by photosynthesis was slower in the Precambrian, and the concentrations of O2 attained were less than 10% of today’s and probably fluctuated greatly; oxygen may even have disappeared from the atmosphere again around 1,900 million years ago. These fluctuations in oxygen concentration had little direct effect on life, with mass extinctions not observed until the appearance of complex life around the start of the Cambrian period, 541 million years ago. The presence of O2 provided life with new opportunities. Aerobic metabolism is more efficient than anaerobic pathways, and the presence of oxygen undoubtedly created new possibilities for life to explore. Since the start of the Cambrian period, atmospheric oxygen concentrations
our ‘fuel’ have fluctuated between 15% and 35% of atmospheric volume. The maximum of 35% was reached towards the end of the Carboniferous period (about 300 million years ago), a peak which may have contributed to the large size of insects and amphibians at that time. Whilst human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, affect relative carbon dioxide concentrations, their effect on the much larger concentration of oxygen is less significant.
Despite the natural recycling of organic matter, life had remained energetically limited until the widespread availability of oxygen. This breakthrough in metabolic evolution greatly increased the free energy supply to living organisms, having a truly global environmental impact; mitochondria evolved after the GOE. With more energy available from oxygen, organisms had the means for new, more complex morphologies. These new morphologies in turn helped drive evolution through interaction between organisms. So oxygen is not just oxygen. It has a history!
Things I wish I kne This is an article we have received from Tribeca with good hints on res living. 21 February 2017 - Moving into a student residence is more than simply securing a place to eat, sleep and study. It is also a place to create lasting memories, make lifelong friendships, establish networks and to embrace the first step towards becoming an adult. While most universities and tertiary institutions offer some form of on or off-campus residence facilities, many students kick off their res experience with little or no idea of what to expect. “Tertiary education really is a university of life as much as it is a place of learning. Residence programmes that focus on this help students to make a seamless transition to the many new experiences they are faced with,” says Craig McMurray, CEO of Respublica, a leading developer of student accommodation in South Africa. “Choosing to stay in a formally structured, purpose-built student accommodation facility is about much more than ensuring you have a roof over your head, regular meals and convenient access to campus. It should offer you a lifestyle with the opportunity for self-discovery, learning and a balance between studies and an active student life.” In preparation for the 2017 academic year, Respublica offers a few handy tips which will assist with settling into res life: First and foremost, remember that you are there to pass your studies – and this should always be your main priority. During your first year, you will learn how to balance your studying with everything that university and res-life offers. Be enthusiastic about, and participate in, res events – it is an easy way to make friends and create memories that will last well into your adulthood. Use the stairs for exercise – especially if you don’t have time to hit the gym. A healthy body = a healthy mind and it’s the perfect way to beat the dreaded first-year fifteen-
ew about res living Many student accommodation options like Respublica offer on-site gyms so there is no excuse for not keeping fit and healthy. Put your name on your clothes when using the communal laundry, and remember to always separate your colours from your whites! Set a budget each week for food, social activities and transport, this will help you keep track of your spending. Use a lanyard or large key ring for your room key so you don’t lose it. Learn to cook at least three decent “easy” meals before you leave home - this will serve you well for the duration of your studies and beyond. Study in the library or study centre if you are distracted by the monotony or close proximity of your comfy bed and/or social activities when studying at the desk in you room. Respublica residences also offer free Wi-Fi in all study centres so there is no need to be on campus late at night. “Student accommodation should include a variety of spaces, amenities and activities that will provide students with a well-rounded university experience. Provision should also be made for public spaces so that students can study on their own, in small groups, or in larger collaborative gatherings - be it for academic, social or residence life programme purposes,” says McMurray. About Respublica Respublica Student Living is South Africa’s leading provider for student accommodation. Respublica residences offer vibrant communities which are modern and conducive to the social and academic imperatives of student living. Respublica work hand in hand with students as well as university and corporate customers to offer a range of affordable student accommodation that directly responds to the needs of the students living there. For more information, visit www.respublica.co.za
Peacemakers The Paris Conference of 1919 and its attempt to end war Margaret MacMillan, 2001 ISBN: 0-7195-6237-6 Some 500 pages Try to understand Europe and the world right now? Syria, Ukraine, USA and so on? A good starting point is to understand how the map came together. And that is by and large something that happened after World War I. The war to end all wars. After that one we find all the –isms coming to the fore: nationalism, communism, socialism, fascism. Name them if you can. And a lot of ‘new’ nations appeared: Poland Czechoslovakia and many more. And some disappeared. But how did it happen? In essence at the Paris peace conference from January 1919 up until June 1919. And the four men (really only the three of them. And yes, they were all men!): Wilson, President of USA, Clemenceau (PM of France) and Lloyod George (PM of Britain). They were together for 6 months, hammering out the new world order! Imagine it today: the world leaders of the most important nations take six months out of the calendar? But that is how important they viewed it. And with all their naivety, innocence, stupidity, prejudices, ideas and everything else, a new world came together. It is worth reading for the one who would like to understand what is going on!
HOW TO CHOOSE YOUR CAREER Knowing yourself and your capabilities
Choo se Subj your ects
Care Plan er ning
eer Car ice o ch
For you to pursue your career choice.
You need to pass your Nationa l Senior Certi ficate!
The Eastern Ca pe Department of Education enco urages learners to choose suitable career path, by collecting inform ation that will he lp them pursue their career / field of study.
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