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An Analytical Report Health Hazard of Workers in Textile Industry “A Case Study of Borpa- Rupgong of -Narayangong� Geography & Environment Bangladesh Textile Industry While Agriculture for domestic consumption is Bangladesh largest employment sector the money gained from exporting textiles is the single greatest source of economic growth is Bangladesh. Export of textile, clothing, and ready made garments accounted for 77% of Bangladesh total merchandise export in 2002. Only 5% of textile factories are owned by foreign investors with most of the production being controlled by families or Bangladesh companies. History of Textile production in Bangladesh: Immediately after the founding of Bangladesh, tea and jute were the most export- oriented sectors. But the consulting threat of flooding, declaiming jute saber prices significant decrease in would demand, the contribution of the jute sector to the country economy has deteriorated. The textile industry is Bangladesh became the main source of forcing exchange starting in 1980 and exported about $5 billion USO in 2002. Textile Processing The textile industry includes a variety of process ranging from the manufacture of synthetic fibers and factors productions to retail sales. The first step in the production of a textile product is the manufacture of fibers or in the case of natural fibers, the manipulation, of these fibers into useful fibers, Afterward the fibers are turned into yarn by spinning are texturing preparation dying, and finishing can be done on yearn or on the textile product obtained through knitting weaving and non- wave techniques. The last step in the fabrication of a finished product. The preparation , dying and finishing of textile products consume large amounts of enough, chemicals and water . These wet processing operations reburies the use of several chemical booths that, often at elevated temperature, give the desired characteristics to the yarn or fabrics. This section describes the different wet processing techniques used in the production of cotton fabrics, The same techniques are used when other types of fiber are processed , but differences will occurs in the amount of raw materials required . Further processing natural fibers requires more processing them manufacture fibers, It is important to know that significant difference exist between mills processing the same fabrics using the same techniques. For example, one mill might operate its rinsing both at a higher temperature them another mill thereby reducing the water consumption. Textile Unit Processing: They are divided into four units These are1. Printing 2. Dying
3. Processing 4. Textile fabrics. This study was to investigate health hazard of the worker of the textile industry. This industry uses vast amount of water, energy and chemicals. The industries were located at Borpa of Narayangonj. There were to textile industries at Borpa, Such as ACS, ASS, Ranok Textile., Super febriculas and Lithun fabrics Almost 1000-1200 workers have been sun in every industry. And between 400-450 workers are working there in per unit shit by shift. In Bangladesh maimun textile industries and located in Demra Tangi, Tejgoan of Dhaka districts and Chittagong district. Narayangonj is one of most industrial area is Bangladesh. We surveyed and collected data from that industrial area which name was Borpa, Narayangonj. Problems Bangladesh is developing country and most of our people are illiterate and the Percentage of illiteracy is 65. So for this reason they cannot participle in better. Sector. And thus maximum people migrate from rural to urban area for working purposes. And finally maximum young people join in textile , raw materials and chemical r used for manufacturing products. But raw materials and chemicals are harmful for the labor, Thus the owner appointed doctor for worked in very industry, The owner gave them ( worker) hand glass, masks and boots to use in working were not conscious about health. For this, most of they time they are confronting many problems and diseases.
Loss of haring Excusive anxiety fright and change in chart text rates dilation of pupil of eyes Constriction of blood vessel Emotional disorders Skin diseases. In our country 65% workers are suffering from different kinds of decreases in every year: Solution The owner of the textile industry and govt. should take proper step to solve those health problem such as _ 1) Proper Education To take proper education system 2) Awareness To increase awareness about those health problem 3) To protect disease: Lack of concision, they don’t know how protect the disease. So, work hand of the textile industries would be know how to protect those problems 4) Need doctor and adviser To appointed more doctors and adviser 5) Proper food and rest:
They ( worker) need proper food ( balance diet) and rest. 6) Child labor and older labor: Child and older labor should not be appointed in every industry. List of Tables 1. Ratio of the head of the household Head of the family Male Female Total
Frequency 20 00 20
Percentage (%) 100% 00 100%
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Male
Female
In Borpa Area, the percentage of male population is very high. 2. Type of the family Type of the family Single Family Combined Family Extended Family Total
Frequency 15 5 00 20
Percentage (%) 75 25 00 100%
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Single Family
25%
Combined Family
Extended Family
0% Single Family Combined Family Extended Family 75%
75% families are single family in here. 3. Duration of living Duration 1-3 3-6 6+ Total
Frequency 17 03 00 20
Percentage (%) 85 15 00 100
15%
0% 3-Jan 6-Mar 6+ 85%
This table shows that 85% people are living 1-3 years. 15% people are living 3-6 years. 4. Ratio of family members : Head of the family Male Female Total
Frequency 75 50 125
Percentage (%) 60% 40% 100%
40% Male Female 60%
Here, 60% people are male and 40% people are female. 5. Monthly income
Income 2000-3000 3000-4000 4000-5000 Total
Frequency 2 3 15 20
Percentage (%) 10% 15% 75% 100%
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2000-3000
3000-4000
4000-5000
Here, 10% people earn between 2000-3000. 75% people earn between 4000-5000. Age Structure Age 18-25 Years 25-35 Years 35+ Total
Frequency 12 8 00 20
Percentage (%) 60% 40% 00 400%
12
10
8
6
4
2
0 18-25 Years
25-35 Years
35+
The age structure of 60% people are between 18-25 years. Information of Industry 1. Duration of Working Head of the family 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year Total
Frequency 5 6 9 00 20
Percentage (%) 25% 30% 45% 00 100%
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 Year
2 Year
3 Year
4 Year
25% people are working for 1 year duration. 30% people are working for 2 year duration.
2. Working level unit Head of the family Printing Processing Dying Others Total
Frequency 11 5 4 00 20
Percentage (%) 55% 25% 20% 00 100%
12
10
8
6
4
2
0 Printing
Processing
Dying
Others
55% people are working in printing level. 3. Opportunity Opportunity Yes Frequency % Medical Treatment 20 100 Educational 00 00 Facilities Total 20 100%
0% Medical Treatment Educational Facilities 100%
Yes
No Frequency 00 20
% 00 100%
20
100%
0% Medical Treatment Educational Facilities 100%
No Most of the people in this area get opportunity about medical treatment. 5. Problems Problem Yes No Frequency % Frequency % Health Problem 20 38.46 00 00 Housing Problem 15 28.84 05 65.25 Food Problem 17 32.69 03 37.5 Other 00 00 00 00 Total 52 100 08 100
33%
0% 38%
Health Problem Housing Problem Food Problem Other
29%
Yes
0%
Health Problem
38%
Housing Problem 62%
No
Food Problem Other
Here, most of the people are confronting health problem in this industrial area. 6. Vacation (After Sickness) Vacation 2 days 5 days 7 days 10 days Total
Frequency 16 2 2 0 20
Percentage (%) 80% 10% 10 0% 100%
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 days
5 days
7 days
10 days
7. Opinion about working at factory Opinion Satisfied Dissatisfied Total
Frequency 15 5 20
Percentage 75% 25% 100%
25% Satisfied Dissatisfied 75%
75% people are satisfied to working here 8. Migration (Factory) Migration Yes No Total
Frequency 5 15 20
Percentage (%) 25% 75% 100%
25%
Yes No
75%
9. Distance from factory Distance Frequency 10 Minutes 12 20 minutes 8 45 minutes 00 1 minutes 00 Total 20
Percentage (%) 60% 40% 00 00 100%
12
10
8
6
4
2
0 10 Minutes
20 minutes
10. Housing Types Types Kacha Semi Pacca Pacca Others Total
45 minutes
Frequency 00 13 7 00 20
65% housing are semi pacca.
1 minutes
Percentage (%) 00 65% 35 00 100%
List of Map
List of Photograph
Photographs of ETP
Dying Unit
Processing Unit
ProcessingUnit
Worker of the textile Industry
Printing Unit
Medical Services of Textile Industry Conclusion Any development can not be produce without research and survey. At present many develop countries of the world give very importance on research and survey as a policy. So we have presented about “ Health Hazard of workers of the textile Industries�. And for these , we selected Borpa Industrial area of Narayangong. We know the Narayangonj is one of the most industrial area in where we surveyed. And we presented those problem, worker/ labor are
confronting in every moment. I also presented how to solve or protect those problem by my field work. Recommendation To protect health hazard we should take some steps such as; 1. To take proper education system 2. To Increase awareness about those health problem 3. Lack of conscious , they don’t know how to protect the disease. So work hand of the industries should be know how to protect those problems. 4. To appointed more doctor and adviser 5. Child labor should not be appointed in every industry. According to this project, we have got the present situation of Borpa Industrial Area. This research has some limitations for the lock of time and scope. If some one wants to research about this subject have to follow them i) ii) iii)
Complete the land use survey Complete use in data analysis And the very important thing questionnaire survey.
Reference: RMG workers suffer health hazards for use of synthetic materials in factories. Published in 2008-05-02 www.Textile ind.com Pollution prevention in the textile industry: Developed by U.S EPA Pollution Prevention work group December-1996, www.textileind.com BTMC Bangladesh Textile mill group www.btmc.govt.bd.com Textile processing unit of textile industries www.fibre-2fashion.com Industrial development Savar municipal developed by Jahangir Nagor University. University of Dhaka, Dept. of Geography and Environment.