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Volume 41 Issue 4
Streptococci in piglets – field study and laboratory work Australia’s best bacon announced
Grants to realise big ideas for agriculture for big innovators PrintPost Approved PP10003090 ISSN 1032 3759
July/August 2019
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porkjournal www.primarymedia.com.au
Volume 41 Issue 4
July/August 2019
EDITOR:
EDITORIAL & DESIGN
JOURNALIST/PHOTOGRAPHER PRODUCTION EDITOR
Peter Bedwell Alex Bedwell
Rosemary Embery
GRAPHIC DESIGNER
Alex Bedwell
ADVERTISING ADVERTISING SALES
PhD candidate Christine Clark is studying streptococci in piglets
FEATURE Page 8: Streptococci in piglets – field study and laboratory work by Christine Clark
NEWS Page 4: Australia’s best bacon has been announced, proving local is best Page 6: Grants to realise big ideas for agriculture for big innovators Page 12: Maximising sow feed intake during lactation Oage 13: Calling for nominations for the 2019 Batterham Memorial Award Page 14: D’Orsogna warmly welcomed in Victoria Page 15: 2019 Nuffield Australia Conference Page 17: Building capability among biosecurity emergency responders Page 16: Mitigating the antimicrobial risk in Australia with EW Nutrition Page 18: Nutritional strategies for hyperprolific sows
Peter Bedwell Phone: (02) 9797 2406 Mob: 0419 235 288 Email: primarymedia@bigpond.com Rates are available at www.primarymedia.com.au
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ENQUIRIES OFFICE ADDRESS: 250 Hawthorne Pde, Haberfield NSW 2045 Phone: (02) 9797 2406 Mob: 0419 235 288 Production: 0409 944 472 Email: primarymedia@bigpond.com Pork Journal consists of a bi-monthly management magazine. Published by CD Supplies Pty Ltd trading as Primary Media (ACN 091 560 557) All material copyright (editorial and advertisements) and may not be reproduced without the written consent of the publishers. Whilst every care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the contents of PORK JOURNAL, the publishers do not accept any responsibility or liability for the material herein. Code of Conduct and information about how to make a complaint can be found at www.primarymedia.com.au/aboutus
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NEWS
Australia’s best bacon has been announced, proving local is best In what could be deemed Australia’s tastiest competition, Princi Smallgoods in Perth has been named as producing the best bacon in the nation, just in time for International Bacon Day on August 31. The nationally available full rasher bacon, made from 100% Australian pork, was the star of the Australian PorkMark Bacon Awards and beat out more than 140 entries from across the country. Director, Pino Princi says the secret to Princi’s success is their family recipe and the locally sourced pork they use to produce the winning bacon. “The story of Princi bacon began over five decades ago and our recipe has travelled from Italy to Australia. “What really sets our bacon apart though, I believe, is the quality of the pork that we begin with,” says Princi. “Australian bacon is iconic and to be recognised for producing the best bacon in the nation – we’re really proud of that.” Southlands Quality Meats in Canberra took out first place honours in the Short Cut category, followed by Westridge Meats from Toowomba in Queensland in second spot. Loveday’s Quality Meats on the Gold Coast and Eurostyle Smallgoods in Perth were named equal third with their short cut bacons. In the Full Rasher category, Gray’s Modern Meat Mart in Toowoomba was announced as second place to Princi Smallgoods and Griffith Butchery in Canberra, third. Australian Pork Limited Marketing Communications Manager, Mitch Edwards, says the competition shines a light on smallgoods makers who are using 100% Australian pork to produce their bacon, which is great news for both pig farmers and bacon-lovers. “Bacon is an Aussie household staple but there’s a high chance the family favourite that shoppers are selecting isn’t made with Australian pork. “Many people are surprised to learn that 80% of bacon sold in Australia is made using imported pork. “Aussie bacon meets our high safety standards and celebrates fresh, quality, local ingredients.
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“If you want to support Aussie pig farmers, by buying bacon made from 100% Australian pork, look for either the pink Australian Pork logo or make sure the bar chart on the country of origin label has a percentage of over 90% of Australian ingredients.” The process behind naming these bacons as Australia’s best was fiercely contested, not only by the entrants, but with a spot on the judging panel being a hot ticket. All entries were judged in their raw and cooked form by a panel of four passionate bacon connoisseurs, Fleischmeister Horst Schurger, chefs Simon Bestley, Adam Moore and Paul McDonald.
Above: Mitch Edwards, APL Marketing Communications Manager
Top: Deni Sekuloski, Daniel Matlioski and Jessie Pendriegh with Princi smallgoods. Above: Frank Vizarri, Production Manager, Pino Princi.
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NEWS
Grants to realise big ideas for agriculture for big innovators Applications are open for the Science and Innovation Awards for Young People in Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, a competitive annual grants program recognising and supporting young Australians aged 1835 by funding projects that will benefit Australia’s primary industries. The Science Awards encourage young scientists, researchers, innovators and others active in the agriculture sector who have an original and innovative project that will contribute to the ongoing success and sustainability of Australia’s agriculture, fisheries and forestry industries. There are eleven industry Science Award categories open for applications: biosecurity and digital innovation; cotton; eggs and poultry (layers); fisheries and aquaculture; forest and wood products; grains; meat and livestock; pork; red meat processing; viticulture and oenology; and wool. Each category includes a $22,000 grant, and is generously supported by the research and development corporations and industry organisations as our Science Award partners. Winners of the industry category Science Awards are then invited to apply for the Minister for Agriculture’s Award, which provides additional funding for an extended research project. Since 2001, the Science and Innovation Awards have helped more than 250 young researchers, innovators and scientists turn their ideas into reality through more than $4 million in grant funding. With managing antibiotic use in the Australian pork industry a key focus for the sector, Tanya Nowland, recipient of the 2018 Australian Pork Limited Award, chose a project investigating whether faecal microbiome transplantations (FMT) can be used to treat piglets with diarrhoea, further reducing the need for antibiotics and improving animal health outcomes. “Winning one of the Science and Innovation Awards has allowed me to network and collaborate with other people within the research area that I would not have otherwise met,” said Tanya.” For all of those thinking of applying, take advantage of this and think of something outside the box.” Tanya is investigating whether faecal
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microbiome transplantations (FMT) can be used to treat piglets with diarrhoea, further reducing the need for antibiotics. “I’ve been really intrigued by the whole microbiome and the gut and all the human research behind it,” Tanya, a research officer with the South Australian Research and Development Institute, said. “Post weaning diarrhoea is a common problem seen in pigs and has significant health concerns for the animal. The current methods for controlling this include vaccination, environmental controls, targeted animal husbandry and when other interventions have failed, antibiotics. “My Science and Innovation Award project will examine whether FMT can provide a non-antibiotic solution to this problem.” “As soon as I heard about faecal transplants for humans, I thought about how to look at this in pigs. Faecal transplants have been used to improve human health for hundreds of years, with evidence of the technique dating as far back as 4th Century China. Tanya grew up on a mango farm in Darwin and fell in love with pig farming when she was on a university work placement. Tanya’s unique research could be the first time faecal transplants have been tested in farm animals. She plans to take faeces from heathy pigs, extract the bugs and then transfer the bacteria-filled solution to the sick animals. “They love their pigs and so there’s a lot of support in the industry, it’s a really positive one to be a part of.” Winner of the APL award for 2019 was Ann Watt. During her PhD research at the University of Melbourne, Anne Watt was part of a team that discovered a completely new bacteria causing respiratory disease in Australian pigs. “I was really excited to be able to design a project that’s going to attempt to answer some of these questions” she said. But at the end of Anne’s studies, a lot of questions remained. “I’m lucky that it was a project that I really enjoyed and I now have the opportunity to carry that on.” Is the novel Glaesserella species she found common or uncommon?
Tanya Nowland, winner of the APL award for 2018. How we can treat it? And could we be missing other diseases out there? are just some of the questions still to be answered. Anne has always loved animals, often visiting family in rural Victoria as a child, and is driven by wanting to improve the health of production animals. Anne, now a research fellow at the University of Melbourne, is hoping to answer some of these questions to help Australian pig producers manage respiratory disease in their herd. This project is a meeting of three areas she loves—animals, disease and microbiology. Her Science and Innovation Award project will examine the presence of the new Glaesserella species, as well as A. pleuropneumoniae, G. parasuis and A. indolicus, in the lungs of pigs. “If I can be doing research that is making animal systems better... it’s great for the farmers,” Anne said. If the diseases are common, Anne also wants to help producers weigh up treatment options such as antibiotics, vaccines or better management of animals on the farm. “And it ultimately helps the animals to make them as healthy and happy as possible.” Do you have an original research project idea and need $22,000 to make it a reality? To be eligible, you must be already working or studying in an agriculture, fisheries or forestry related industry. You must be an Australian citizen or permanent resident, aged between 18 and 35 on Friday October 4, 2019. Check out the full list of eligibility requirements on the website. Applications close on Friday October 4, 2019.
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HEALTH FEATURE
Christine Clark at the production site. Shelters supplied by Jacksons Australia.
Streptococci in piglets – field study and laboratory work
By CHRISTINE CLARK, PhD Candidate A production site in Australia was experiencing a high percentage of mortality in weaned piglets. Some piglets were succumbing to
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Streptococcus suis in the post-weaning period from four weeks to eight weeks after weaning. Piglets are weaned into straw based shelters which have been cleaned, disinfected and placed with fresh straw. at an average of 24 days of age. The initial laboratory work with faecal swabs (conducted on a range of ages from 4-week-old weaners, 5-week-old, to 8-week-old) pooled faeces and large intestine showed heavy growth of mixed enteric flora with no Clostridium spp., Salmonella spp. or Brachyspira spp. isolated. The proposed trial treatment is based on phytomolecules added to the drinking water. Treatment • First three days post weaning (weaned average 24 days of age) • Two weeks post weaning 3-day pulse (38 days of age)
• Three days prior to moving to grow finish facility (8 weeks of age) averaging about 16kg liveweight. Study design Shelters from Jacksos Australia holding weaned pigs were administered the liquid phytomolecule program through the drinking water. Four individual shelters were used, batches followed, placed over a 4-week period. Response Anecdotally farm staff believed there was an improvement in faecal consistency in treated shelters and in the treated shelter sit was noted there was a much lower mortality rate. Recorded causes of mortality were not Streptococcus suis based. Once the total trial period was over (all four sheds out) it was recorded that a 51% decrease in mortality was observed.
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HEALTH FEATURE Mortality 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
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In the lab with phytomolecules testing the inhibition of S.suis Streptococcus suis is a gram-positive swine pathogen associated with a wide variety of diseases. Globally, this zoonotic agent has been known to cause severe infections in people who are in close contact with infected pigs or pork-derived products. In Australia, three cases of zoonotic infection have been reported; one in an abattoir worker and two in staff working on piggeries. Research has been conducted to better identify the source of outbreaks and various methods of treatment and prevention. Current production practices are focusing on reducing the use of antimicrobials. Part of this strategy could involve the use of phytomolecules. Three separate lab studies were undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of various phytomolecules against S. suis. Australia Australian laboratory work was conducted to observe the inhibitory potential of a blend of liquid phytomolecules, at various suggested application rates. The method used to measure the efficacy of liquid phytomolecules against S. suis: • Isolate used was MLST type 25, serotype 2 (Australian Sample and Lab). This was isolated from brain tissue of S. suis incubated under reduced oxygen in appropriate broth (brain/heart infusion
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broth). This is incubated to raise the log cfu/ml and control pH. • Phytomolecules are added to the broth and tests are performed in duplicate at a neutral pH of 6.50. The test tubes are incubated for 4 hours and 6 hours at 37°C under reduced oxygen atmosphere conditions. • From each test tube, a single bacterial count for S. suis is performed on Agar, after four hours and six hours incubation. The agar plates are incubated for two days under reduced oxygen atmosphere at 37°C. The brain/heart infusion is a medium that tries very hard to help bacteria grow, and unfortunately in this study we created the ideal medium for this to happen. In the pig, the S. Suis would not have such ideal perfect growth conditions. Germany A German study showed the bactericidal effect of phytomolecule against various Streptococcus suis strains (European strain focus). The method used: • Includes various medium and medium supplements: Todd Hewitt Broth (THB), Yeast Extract, Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), Columbia blood agar base, Defibrinated sheep blood. The trial summary noted that the study of seven different bacterial strains of Streptococcus suis shows that phytomolecules can effectively interfere with bacterial growth. The two experiments conducted,
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration and Minimal Bactericide Concentration, show that phytomolecules have a bactericidal effect in the tested Streptococcus suis strains. Bacterial strain in the invitro work were serotypes; S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S9 and S15. Spain and The Netherlands The University of Cordoba, Spain and the Central Veterinary Institute of Wageningen, Netherlands collected a total of 19 S. suis strains. Serotypes; S1, S2, S3, S4, S8, S9, S24, S28, and S1/14 as well as a European reference strain. • Selected isolates were grown in Mueller Hinto agar (MHA) supplemented with 5% defibrinated sheep blood. • Individual phytomolecules with the highest antimicrobial activity were selected to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). • Brain-Heart infusion broth supplemented with agar was used to assist in the dilution of the pure phytomolecule for each selection. The susceptibility of all the S. suis isolates analysed in this study were similar amongst the different phytomolecules. This was the first known study to select phytomolecules with antimicrobial activity against several S. suis strains. We want to thank EW Nutrition for its support during the organisation of this trial and lab studies. References and full report are available upon request.
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PRODUCTS NEWS
Maximising sow feed intake during lactation The recent decades have seen vast improvements in genetics and nutrition leading to highly prolific sows. The modern sow is genetically selected for traits such as increased mature size, improved FCR, reduction of fatty tissue and larger litter size. The increased mature size leads to higher maintenance requirement, the improvement in lean weight and reduced fatty tissue leads to reduced appetite or disproportionate increase in feed intake as per the energy requirement. The bigger litter size also increases the demand for milk production. Thus, the sow draws from her body reserve to cope with these demands and this leads to excessive weight loss and reduced litter weight gain (lowered milk production) and subsequent reproductive problems for the sow (Aherne, 2001). Therefore, for the modern lean and prolific sow, everything must be done to maximise lactation feed intake (Goodband et al, 2006). There are several factors that can influence feed intake of lactating sows such as body condition at farrowing, feed intake during gestation, environmental temperature, water availability and quality, feed presentation (pellets or meal) and, diet quality and palatability. Sows are very sensitive to taste and as such the feed intake in sows can be improved by using the right palatant. The Nutriad (Adisseo) product line of feed flavours - Krave, has been used successfully to increase feed intakes of dairy cattle and weaned piglets. As such, it is a natural progression to trial this flavour in lactating sows. A trial was commenced at a research facility in Australia to evaluate the effect of Krave on lactating sows.
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226 sows were allocated between two dietary treatments comprising a control (the standard lactating sow diet) and the control with 0.5 kg/t of Krave. The sows were of mixed parities ranging from parity 1 to parity 3. There were no gilt litters. The results showed that the addition of Krave at 0.5 kg/t significantly increased lactating sow feed intake. Overall Krave increased average daily lactation feed intakes by 5.6% (Figure 1). There was a 10% reduction in sow weight loss and a trend for greater number of sows to be re-mated within seven days after weaning. Again, this demonstrates that Krave is a useful tool to minimise below target sow performance by enhancing sow feed intake. Kokesu (1997) showed that increas-
ing feed intake early in lactation of the sow improves the weaning to service interval. Krave is formulated from a specific combination of natural and nature identical flavouring compounds known to be attractive to pigs. Thus, it not only improves feed intake but also attracts the sows to the feed. The results from this Australian trial clearly show that Krave is an important tool in improving feed intake of lactating sows. The effect of Krave is more pronounced during challenging times such as heat stress, diet changes and weaning. Interesting in finding out more about Krave? It’s available now from BEC Feed Solutions. Call 1300 884 593 or visit www. becfeedsolutions.com.au
NEWS
Calling for nominations for the 2019 Batterham Memorial Award The Batterham Memorial Award is a prestigious award conferred and supported by APSA in memory of the late Dr Ted Batterham, an internationally respected researcher who made major contributions to pig science in Australia and around the world. Ted was a world-leading and respected scientist in the area of amino acid nutrition and played a significant role in mentoring the next generation of pig scientists over three decades. Since Ted’s passing in 1994 the APSA Committee has presented the award to twelve deserving recipients who have each used the prize to broaden their exposure to national or international pig science and further their professional development. The 2017 recipient Dr Kate Plush, (pictured) Manager of Science, Technology and Adoption at SunPork Solutions, completed her PhD in 2014 and has a strong background in applied R&D. Kate used her award to complete the Australian Rural Leadership Foundation’s TRAIL: Emerging Leaders Program. She is grateful for the opportunity in that it transformed the way she now thinks and acts across all aspects of her scientific career. She is more confident in setting strategic plans into motion and is not afraid to have the inevitable ‘difficult conversation’, making her a more confident and effective scientist and manager. Scientists in the pig industry are encouraged to nominate for the 2019 Batterham Memorial Award. They should articulate how they’ve delivered research outcomes to the Australasian pig industry and be able to demonstrate successful contributions through publications, collaboration and innovation in pig research and development. To be eligible, nominees must be within 10 years of graduation at undergraduate level or within five years of completing Masters/PhD studies, or be a current postgraduate student. Nominees must also be a current financial member of APSA, be working in the pig industry or a related field and have not won the Batterham Memorial Award previously. Nominations shall include an outline of the nominee’s contribution to pig science, how they would use the $5,000 cash prize, their CV and a letter of nomination. The full list of criteria and how to apply can be found at https://www.apsa.asn.au/ Awards/BatterhamAward.aspx Nominations open on August 12 and close on September 30, 2019. The winner will be announced at the conference dinner on Monday November 18, 2019.
NEWS
D’Orsogna warmly welcomed in Victoria Iconic Western Australian company, D’Orsogna Limited, has commenced production at its $66 million stateof-the-art 11,000 square metre food manufacturing facility in Victoria. Officially opened recently at Merrifield Business Park, 30km north of Melbourne, by Victorian Minister for Jobs, Innovation and Trade, Martin Pakula, it will soon employ 200 people and firmly establish D’Orsogna as a national market leader in the smallgoods and meat protein food sector. The 70 year old business with a new production base in Victoria and headquarters in Palmyra, Western Australia, where it employs a further 550 people, is one of the most recognisable brands at Woolworths, Coles, Metcash and Food Service businesses. Managing Director, Greig Smith, speaking at the opening alongside Chairman Tony Iannello and Directors Marco D’Orsogna and Massimo Valentini, said the D’Orsogna name, brand and products were now firmly established on the east coast. “We’ve taken a measured approach to such a substantial investment after establishing a modest footprint in Victoria 10 years ago at Mt Waverley. The new Merrifield production facility will secure the future of the D’Orsogna business,” Mr Smith said. “Breaking new ground in business, even as a market leader, comes at considerable cost and we pay tribute and thank the Victorian Government and City of Hume for their financial and other support. “We commit today to repaying that investment by the state and local community with this first class food manufacturing business that already employs local citizens and delivers environmentally, socially and financially,” he said. Minister Pakula said the Victorian Government proudly backed the expansion by D’Orsogna that brought jobs to Melbourne’s north and opened up opportunities for export and growth in a vital food and fibre sector that made up almost half of the state’s exports and was valued at $14 billion. The D’Orsogna family first had a presence in Melbourne in 1947 when D’Orsogna brothers Giovanni and Tommaso worked there in the food and hospitality industry for two years before returning to Perth to open a small family butcher shop in West Perth in 1949.
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Top: D’Orsogna Board Members Massimo Valentini, Tony Iannello (Chair) and Marco D’Orsogna. Above: D’Orsogna Managing Director Greig Smith (left) explains product range and equipment Victorian Minister for Jobs, Trade and Innovation, Martin Pakula. Headquartered in Perth, WA market leader D’Orsogna produces a range of cured and cooked whole and sliced hams, gourmet continental goods, bacon and cooked sausages. The landmark WA premises at Palmyra, near the port of Fremantle, has been D’Orsogna’s home since 1973 and will retain its head office status, staff and production. D’Orsogna Chairman, Tony Iannello, told the 50 guests at the opening and plaque unveiling that the new Victorian facility would double D’Orsogna’s production capacity and generate development opportunities for its extensive range of innovative ham, bacon and other meat protein products. “Proximity to major markets, streamlined manufacturing processes and state-of-the art equipment, all supported by well trained staff, a committed management and board and supportive customers should ensure its success,” Mr Iannello said. “Productivity per square metre of
floor space will be leading edge, allowing us to be competitive and satisfy growing consumer demand for fresh, conveniently packaged, modern meat protein products. “This facility incorporates the latest energy and water conservation technology, reflecting our focus on sustainable and efficient processes to drive design and ultimately production efficiency. “The 8500 square metres of rooftop solar, powers a one megawatt system that will greatly reduce operational costs and carbon emissions on site.” Mr Iannello said D’Orsogna chose Victoria for its competitive operating environment, reputation in foods, access to key transport infrastructure and rapidly growing local and export markets. “D’Orsogna is proudly Australian owned with a focus on quality, growth and local investment and we have ambitious expansion plans over the next few years,” he said.
NEWS
2019 Nuffield Australia Conference Early bird registrations have opened for Nuffield Australia’s flagship event, which will be held at the Royal International Convention Centre, the home of Brisbane’s EKKA precinct from September 17 10 19. This year’s theme is based on the three key pillars of ‘Collaborate, Innovate and Cultivate’. The conference opens with the Awards Dinner, followed by two days of informative seminars, networking events, trade exhibitions, and a tour of Scholar’s farms and agribusinesses across the Darling Downs region on Friday 20 and Saturday 21 September. Nuffield Australia Interim CEO and 2013 Queensland Scholar Jodie Redcliffe said she was excited to be hosting the prestigious conference on home soil, a state she believes is rich in diversity, innovation and resilience, especially when it comes to agriculture. “With generous support from our platinum partner Rabobank, the conference provides a meeting point to
connect and exchange knowledge within Australian agriculture, and as a state so focussed on farming’s growth and prosperity, we cannot wait to welcome attendees for three days of exciting sessions and speakers,” Ms Redcliffe said. “Attendees will have the opportunity to hear from returning Nuffield Scholars, who will present the findings of their cutting edge global research. “This year, speakers will cover highly topical research areas, such as business risk management in variable climates, effective branding to attract premiums, facilitating the uptake of new farm technologies, soil health and regeneration principles, among many others. “Other inspiring keynote speakers include former President of the Australian Rugby Union and National Farmers Federation, David Crombie AM, and Chairman of the Grains Research & Development Corporation, John Woods.
“Our conference is led by scholars and enjoyed by the entire sector. Whether you’re a primary producer, an agribusiness consultant or a policy maker, access tfresh insights across a range of topics and the connections you make along the way, means the Nuffield Conference is an unmissable event.” Ms Redcliffe encourages potential attendees to secure the competitive early bird rate, so as not to miss important highlights like the announcement of the 2020 Nuffield Scholarship recipients at the distinguished Awards Dinner. “The announcement of new scholars provides a first insight into the study topics that will sow the seeds of change for their respective industries. The conference is an unrivalled opportunity to make sure your finger is on the pulse in Australian farming. Visit https://nuffield.com.au/2019nuffield-australia-national-conference/
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NEWS
Mitigating the antimicrobial risk in Australia with EW Nutrition As the global issue of antimicrobial resistance becomes more pervasive, so too does the social responsibility to combat it. EW Nutrition, a global feed additive company, is applying proactive measures in addressing this issue. One of the measures in the Asia Pacific region has been the recent recruitment of Merideth Parke, a veterinarian with an excellent understanding of swine production in Australia. Merideth’s recruitment with EW Nutrition is a timely appointment with the global demand of antibiotic reduction, specifically in the South East Asia/Pacific region. As the new Regional Technical Manager for swine, she is tackling her newly implemented role in this complex business environment. Merideth has the important role of assisting farmers in implementing an antibiotic-reduction program into their production cycle. By providing counsel through the usage of additives in feed, Merideth will not only be addressing socially responsible practice, providing healthy animals and profitable operations for farmers. Jurek Grapentin, Managing Director, EW Nutrition SEAP said “Our recruitment of Merideth has been a success and with the regional team efficiently working together I believe our future goals towards mitigating AMR
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Above: Meredith Parke, Regional Technical Manager for Swine. will be an even greater success than it already is.” Robert Nichol, Managing Director, EW Nutrition South East Asia Pacific said “Equipped with an extensive veterinary background, sales experience and knowledge of the industry, I am certain that Merideth will be able to accomplish great things within these issues of antibiotic reduction.” To talk to Merideth Parke call +61 455 661 844 or email: merideth.parke@ ew-nutrition.com
New national biosecurity website African swine fever is one of the most significant threats to Australian agriculture and the national economy. Agriculture Minister Bridget McKenzie said the public hadn’t got the message that meeting biosecurity requirements was non-negotiable. “Between last November and May, 23 tonnes of pork has been seized at Australian borders,” she said. “Australia works overtime to keep those threats at bay but those odds are not in our favour. “That’s why Australia’s agriculture ministers agreed to promote biosecurity messages through a new national biosecurity website to improve the community’s access to information. “The website is a portal directing users to relevant biosecurity information on trusted sites. “Not knowing the rules is no excuse for doing the wrong thing.” The website is available at beta. biosecurity.gov.au
NEWS
Building capability among biosecurity emergency responders has been involved up to this point, and we look forward to offering our continued support to developing national biosecurity trainers and the National Biosecurity Response Team.” AHA supports emergency animal disease and biosecurity training
managers across jurisdictions, enabling collaboration and sharing of knowledge and experience, while the National Biosecurity Response Team is a cohort of highly skilled professionals who can lend their skills to a biosecurity emergency response.
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Australia’s government biosecurity personnel now have greater access to professional development and training through two qualifications developed as part of the Biosecurity Emergency Response Training Australia (BERTA) training and assessment materials project. The Certificate IV in Public Safety (Biosecurity Response Leadership) and the Diploma in Public Safety (Biosecurity Response Management) provide a clear pathway for personnel to lead biosecurity emergency response efforts across all sectors. “A biosecurity emergency response is about having the right resources and strategy, and most importantly it’s about having the right people in the right roles,” said Peter Day, NSW Department of Primary Industries Acting Group Director, Emergency Operations, Intelligence and Programs. “Any kind of emergency response is a challenging work environment, and the more people we have trained and prepared to step into that situation and provide leadership, the better.” The BERTA Project represents three years of collaboration between the Australian Government, state and territory governments, Tocal College, Animal Health Australia (AHA) and Plant Health Australia. “We’re excited to make the Certificate IV and Diploma qualifications available to government biosecurity staff across Australia, ensuring there are consistent and high quality training and resources available to further develop their skills,” said Tocal College Principal Darren Bayley. “We’re also pleased to say that, through the ‘skill set’ model, personnel are able to receive training which is highly relevant to their likely role within a coordination or control centre. AHA has managed the BERTA Project on behalf of all participants. AHA CEO Kathleen Plowman explained that the development and availability of these qualifications has greatly enhanced the capabilities of the national biosecurity system. “With this phase of the BERTA Project coming to a close, our focus will be turning to how we continue to support the jurisdictions in developing their people,” Ms Plowman said. “We want to thank everyone who
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NEWS
Nutritional strategies for hyperprolific sows By Elisabet Rodriguez, Novus International, Inc., Europe & Middle East During recent years, scientific studies and field trials have demonstrated optimal reproductive performance and development of the progeny when using bis-chelated organic trace minerals in hyperprolific sow diets. Intensive genetic selection has greatly improved sow reproductivity in recent years giving rise to more prolific sows and having 30 piglets per sow per year is starting to become common practice. However, this progress has also been coupled with several downsides, such as high sow mortality rate, high culling rate, and reduced piglet birth weight and uniformity. These downsides definitively affect the welfare and the profitability of the farm. This means that high prolific sows need other (adjusted) management strategies. Animal nutrition is an important part of this, thus, new nutritional strategies have been developed in response to these challenges. Maternal feeding to reach full genetic potential The diet a hyperprolific sow receives is important because if the foetus cannot obtain the nutrients needed for its development, foetal growth and perfor-
mance can be compromised. New scientific knowledge has provided improved data to better understand the relationships between nutrition and reproduction. It is known that maternal nutrition impacts muscle development, gut development and nutrient absorption, immune status, and disease susceptibility in piglets, which significantly contributes to the economic performance of the progeny. Trace minerals such as zinc, copper, and manganese play an essential role in the foetal and postnatal development as they are necessary for the optimal development of the immune system as well as muscle growth. Superior organic trace minerals are more heavily utilised to ensure that the modern hyperprolific sows maximise their genetic potential. Metal methionine hydroxy analogue chelates (MMHAC), developed, manufactured and commercialised under the brand Mintrex trace minerals from Novus International, Inc., are the only bis-chelated trace minerals available worldwide (hereafter called trace mineral product). This feed additive is unique in
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that the trace mineral (zinc, copper and manganese) are bonded to two molecules of the hydroxy analogue of methionine. This chelation technology improves the bioavailability of the metal, protecting it from antagonisms in the gut and helping its absorption and metabolic utilisation. Consequently, 100% of the inorganic trace minerals (ITM) in the diet can be replaced with a lower inclusion rate of MMHAC. This strategy has a promising future in terms of optimising sow reproductive performance while minimising environmental excretion, particularly as more areas are tightening regulations on environmental impacts in the animal agriculture industry. Modulation of gene expression A study carried out in collaboration with North Carolina State University (NCSU) examined the effects of supplementing sows’ diets with MMHAC zinc, copper and manganese, specifically analysing the epigenetic change in the offspring’s muscle and gut tissue. Epigenetics entails changes in gene expression that do not imply alterations in the underlying DNA sequence. Epigenetics involves changes in the animal’s phenotype, but not in its genotype. In the NCSU trial, 60 sows on day 35 of gestation were assigned one of two diet treatments that only differed with respect to the source of minerals in the diet: 1) ITM (CuSO4, MnO, and ZnSO4) and 2) MMHAC. On days one and 18 of lactation, two piglets per litter were culled to take samples of the longissimus dorsi muscle and jejunum to measure the global DNA methylation, the histone acetylation and the gene expression. The sows that received MMHAC tended to exhibit less bodyweight loss during lactation (P = 0.05) and tended to produce piglets with a greater bodyweight at 18 days of age (P = 0.09). Supplementation of MMHAC was found to downregulate NFκB and TGFβ1 gene expression compared to ITM (Figure 1), which supports reduced intestinal inflammation and improved gut health in progeny piglets. MMHAC supplementation promoted skeletal muscle growth of longissimus dorsi in the piglets by
NEWS ITM
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Figure 1a-b – Gene expression of NFκB P50 subunit (1a), NFκB P105 precursor (1a), and TGFβ1 (1b) in the jejunum of piglets at day 18 of lactation. Means with different letters differ at P < 0.05.
upregulating histone H3K9 acetylation and by downregulating MRF4 gene expression, which explains in part the mechanism whereby MMHAC improves loin eye area and depth (Figure 2). These findings support the hypothesis that the increase of histone acetylation could enhance skeletal muscle growth and regeneration by improving hypertrophy. Improved performance A two-year field observation led by Dr Antonio Palomo (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) was conducted on sow productivity, sow health, and litter size and productivity in commercial conditions. The trial involved a total of 125,650 sows from 82 different commercial farms in Spain. Sow breeds (Topigs, PIC, Hypor and Danbred) were equally distributed among the treatments. The three dietary treatments were: a) ITMs (100 ppm Zn from ZnO, 25 ppm Cu from CuSO4, 45 ppm Mn from MnO); b) Other OTMs (in total, same level as ITM but 50 percent replacement with other OTM; complexes of amino acids and peptides); and c) MMHAC (50 ppm Zn from Mintrex Zn, 10 ppm Cu from MINTREX Cu, 20 ppm Mn from Mintrex Mn). Results showed increased sow reproductive performance compared to ITMs and other OTMs (Table 1). MMHAC was shown to significantly decrease the mortality rate of sows compared to both ITMs (-15.0%) and other OTMs (-6.3%) (P < 0.01). The retention rate until parity three increased in sows fed MMHAC (73.93%) vs. ITMs (67.18%) and other OTMs (70.69%) (P < 0.01). Furthermore, compared to ITMs, MMHAC significantly improved (P < 0.05) the farrowing rate (+1.0%), replacement rate (-5.2%) and locomotion culling rate (-20.2%). Additionally, MMHAC significantly increased the number of live born piglets compared with ITMs (+3.6%; P < 0.01). Moreover, MMHAC significantly improved the litter size compared with ITMs and other OTMs in relation to number of stillborn and weaned
Figure 2a
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Figure 2a-b – Histone H3K9 acetylation (2a) and MRF4 gene (2b) expression in longissimus dorsi in piglets at birth. Means with different letters differ at P < 0.05.
piglets (P < 0.01). In the study, MMHAC reduced the number of stillborn piglets -41.4% and -11.1% compared to ITMs and other OTMs, respectively. Thus, the number of piglets weaned per parity was significantly higher for sows receiving MMHAC (n = 12.1) than for those fed ITMs (n = 11.5) and OTMs (n= 11.8). A previous trial conducted at the Carthage Veterinary Services (USA) also showed very positive results on progeny performance when using MMHAC in sows. Supplementation of MMHAC during gestation and lactation added 1.8 more weaned piglets per litter until parity four and piglet birth weight increased by 8% compared with ITMs. It was also shown that MMHAC supplementation during gestation reduced the percentage of low birth weight (≤ 1.1 kg) piglets within a litter by 7.2% compared with ITMs, as well as improved litter uniformity. Regression analysis indicated that feeding ITMs to sows during gestation could
lead to 2.3 times higher occurrence of low birth weight in piglets (≤ 1.1 kg) per litter when litter size increased, compared with using MMHAC Better prepared progeny Maternal feeding holds great promise to improve the efficiency of pork production and provide more economic return to pork producers. The trace mineral product program allows a lower inclusion rate of trace minerals in sow diets and has been shown to result in better performance in terms of reproductive parameters and longevity of the sow as well as in performance parameters of offspring compared to inorganic ITMs and other OTMs. These results could be partially explained by the epigenetic effect, which encourages improvements in gut health and skeletal muscle growth in progeny piglets through changes in gene expression. For more information from Novus, visit www.novusint.com
Improve Swine Growth Performance Improve feed conversion ratio, body weight gain and livability while reducing copper inclusion in your feed. MINTREX® Cu also provides a methionine value and allows for greater absorption as compared to inorganic and other organic trace mineral sources. www.novusint.com Contact Novus Local Swine Account Manager +61 (0) 477220055 | tom.mccutcheon@novusint.com ® Novus and MINTREX are trademarks of Novus International, Inc., and is registered in the United States and other countries. ©2018 Novus International, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Jail time for major biosecurity breaches minimum of 18 months to serve before Torben Soerensen, Henning Laue and being eligible for parole. GD Pork Pty Ltd have been sentenced Mr Laue received a sentence of two to serious penalties for illegally importyears imprisonment with a minimum ing boar semen over eight years, putting of eight months to serve before being Australia’s pork industry at serious risk. eligible for parole. GD Pork received a Mr Soerensen received a sentence fine of $500,000. APSA_Advert_2019_April.pdf 1 01-Apr-19 3:58:49 PM of three years imprisonment with a Minister for Agriculture Bridget McKenzie said the Australian Government takes any breach of biosecurity Australasian Pig Science Association (Inc) legislation seriously. “This case shows a disturbing disregard for the laws that protect the 17 BIENNIAL CONFERENCE livelihoods of Australia’s 2,700 pork Hilton producers, and the quality of the pork Adelaide, Australia that millions of Australians enjoy each year,” Minister McKenzie said. “The penalties handed down at 17th - 20th November 2019 the District Court of Western Australia recently send a clear message that breaches of Australia’s biosecurity rules will not be tolerated. “Torben Soerensen, Henning LAUE Mark these dates and GD Pork Pty Ltd were all found in your calendar guilty of breaching section 67(3) of the Quarantine Act 1908 “illegal importation”, and section 186(4) of the Biosecu17th - 20th November 2019 rity Act 2015 “Contravening conditions applying to conditionally non-prohibited The Australasian Pig Science Association goods brought or imported into
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Australian territory”. “The court heard evidence that boar semen had been illegally imported from Denmark on a number of occasions between May 2009 and March 2017. The semen was used in GD Pork’s artificial breeding program and a number of breeding sows on its property were direct offspring of Danish boars. “GD Pork imported the semen illegally in an attempt to get an unfair advantage over its competitors, through new genetics. “These actions could have also exposed Australia’s agricultural industries, environment and the community to serious biosecurity risk. “Boar semen can potentially contain a number of exotic diseases, including Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRSV) which could devastate Australian breeding herds. “Biosecurity controls exist for a reason. Importers and those within supply chains must comply. Those caught seeking to deliberately evade biosecurity controls will be punished.” For more information on biosecurity, visit agriculture.gov.au/biosecurity.
Danish Crown entering plantbased protein sector Danish Crown, the largest pork company in Europe, is entering the plant-based protein industry. According to a LiveKindly report, the company said it would start producing plant-based beef and vegan burgers. The key ingredients of the new products will be peas and beetroot. The announcement comes just a few weeks after the company announced it would stop pig slaughter at one of its facilities in Germany. Danish Crown’s decision to enter the plant-based protein market follows that of other traditional meat and poultry companies. Last week, Brazil-based Marfrig Global Foods, a global leader in the beef industry, announced it had entered a partnership with Archer Daniels Midland (ADM) to begin producing alternative protein products. Another Brazilbased company, JBS, which is involved in poultry, beef and pork production,
earlier this year launched a plant-based protein product. Meanwhile, Canada’s Maple Leaf Foods, previously known as a pork and poultry company, is in the process of building a new alternative protein plant in Shelbyville, Indiana, United States. The company stated it is “pursuing aggressive new growth goals in plantbased protein.” Tyson Foods, headquartered in the United States, has developed its own brand of plant-based protein products, Raised and Rooted. Tyson is the largest broiler company in the United States, and also a major producer of turkey, pork and beef products. Danish Crown, according to the WATTAgNet Top Companies Database, is owned by 8,300 farmers in Denmark and holds a 1.9% share of the world pork market and 8.9% share of the European market. It is also the largest world pork exporter.
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Bipartisan solution needed for activists The Queensland Farmers’ Federation (QFF) has welcomed the introduction of the Agriculture and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2019 by the Queensland Government, which imposes greater penalties on animal activists who could now face up to one year in jail for trespassing on farm land or be fined more than $60,000. With the Parliament’s Legal Affairs and Community Safety Committee also currently considering the LNP Opposition’s Private Members Bill that proposes three new criminal trespass offences, QFF was looking for bipartisan action from the State Parliament to increase and implement effective punishments for animal activists trespassing on farmers’ properties. QFF CEO Travis Tobin welcomed continued action to legislate punishments that better reflect the crimes being committed and encouraged the Queensland Parliament to work together to find a lasting solution to protect farmers, their families and their businesses. “Over the past couple of years, the actions of animal activists towards legitimate businesses have become more disruptive and extreme. These actions invade farmers’ privacy, threaten the welfare of their animals, pose unacceptable risks to their busi-
nesses and have implications for food security,” Mr Tobin said. “A law is the product of the social conditions at the time it is made, it is not static and should change to respond to the current social and political values of a community.” “The current offence of unlawfully entering farming land does not meet the expectations of farmers and the community in punishing and preventing future offences of trespass on farms and does not reflect the potential risk to farming businesses.” “QFF and member industries have been constructively working with the Queensland Government and Opposition for some time to better address this issue.” “It is incumbent upon the Parliament to ensure it works together to deliver adequate protections for Queenslanders running law-abiding businesses without the threat of disruptive, costly and damaging unlawful actions from a minority element in the community.”
Siding with those who produce our food Tough new penalties which can jail those who incite farm invasion and harassment are a step closer, with the passage of the Criminal Code Amendment (Agricultural Protection) Bill 2019 through the House. Deputy Prime Minister and Leader of the Nationals, Michael McCormack, and Deputy Leader of the Nationals and Minister for Agriculture, Bridget McKenzie today welcomed the Bill’s progress, and called on the 46th Parliament to side with farmers. “The people who produce the food that feeds us have a right to feel safe in their businesses and their homes without the threat of activists’ invasions,” Minister McCormack said. “This is a serious issue in the regions, with farmers driven from their businesses out of fear. “We need to protect our farmers, fishers and foresters, their families and their workers from the real and present threat of activists invading in masses, damaging property and stealing animals. “The Parliament needs to stand with farmers and make a statement that this behaviour is unAustralian, with serious repercussions that can deter repeated attacks.” Minister McKenzie said the Bill criminalises the action of publishing material, via a carriage service, with the intention to incite farm trespass, damage and destruction. “When you trespass, steal and harass you’re not a protestor, you’re not committing ‘civil disobedience’ like the Greens say, you’re a criminal and deserve to be punished with the full force of the law,” Minister McKenzie said. “There are state and territory laws that deal with trespassbut our laws are in addition to these and target those who incite these sophisticated and coordinated attacks on farms. “Our tough new penalties send a clear message to these keyboard warriors: if you use a carriage service to incite trespass against our family farmers, you will be risking serious jail time.
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NEW S
Ralco launches organic ProsperoEO Liquid, an economical essential oil solution Strong Animals, a brand of Ralco, announced recently that it has launched a new organic, OMRI certified, an essential oil product called ProsperEO Liquid. This latest product is an extension of the existing line of essential oil products that includes ProsperEO and Regano EX, the industry’s most widely recognised essential oil product. ProsperEO is a natural water additive that strengthens the immunity of animals resulting in stronger, healthier animals that are better able to face health challenges and stress. This multi-species product is used for swine, poultry and ruminant animals. Feedworks, the Australian distributor for Ralco and its ‘Strong Animals’ product range, including Prosper EO Liquid, has through its Senior Nutritionist Dr Dave Cadogan, often presented many papers on the benefits of oregano oil in livestock production at conferences in Australia. “Dietary oregano essential oil alleviates experimentally induced coccidiosis in broilers,’ was a paper delivered in 2015, by Mohiti Asil that demonstrated the effectiveness of oregano oil on
alleviating cossidiossis in broilers. The OMRI certification was sought as a result of increasing consumer demand for organic products. According to Coherent Market Insights, the global organic farming market is expected to exhibit a growth rate of 8.4% by 2026. The global organic food market is valued at $81.6 billion and growing according to the Research Institute for Organic Agriculture. “Ralco’s focus on essential oil research and technologies over the last two decades allows for this product to not only be a cost-effective solution, but also more predictable and effective in promoting the overall health of animals,” said Richard Lamb, Senior Technology Director at Ralco. According to Lamb, “Standard essential oils can be somewhat unstable, but through the use of our patented Microfused process we are able to make a highly stable product, which not only makes them more effective, but also easier to use.” As the industry leader in essential oil-based animal feed additives, Ralco continues to explore and innovate the
use of essential oils and is pleased to expand their line of ProsperEO products into the organic market. Ralco is a third-generation familyowned multinational company with distribution in more than 20 countries. Ralco is a leading global supplier of livestock nutrition, animal health products and crop enhancement technologies that support large segments of the livestock, poultry, aquaculture and crop production industries. For more information go to the website at https://ralcoagriculture.com/
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