Recharging City by Royce Tsang

SERIES OF CURRENT ISSUES UAE IS FACING

EXISTING CONDITION RAPID GLOBALIZATION LOST OF CULTURAL IDENTITY NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE WATER USAGE & CONSUMPTION

Oil Wealth With their oil wealth, the UAE emerged as a global and business hub.

Dubai

Adu Dhabi Al Ain

Liwa

Desalination Plant Despite the issue of water scarcity, due to the oil wealth they are now using water heavily.

Migration Emiratiâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s became rich and steek for better living standard by migrating to the coastline.

MIGRATION TO COASTLINE FOR BETTER LIVING STANDARD

RAPID GLOBALIZATION

Groundwell Traditionally the main water source supply derived from groundwell.

Dubai

Adu Dhabi Al Ain

Liwa

Network Oasis There were no cities in the past but oasis. It was used for trade and transportation.

Housing Traditional houses are made out of date palm trees and built relatively low ground to avoid sand accumulation.

RAPID GLOBALIZATION COLLAPSED TRADITIONAL SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

LOST OF CULTURAL IDENTITIES

Total Emirate Water Consumption

60%

Gr.W

Drinking water supplied for domestic, industrial and commercial use and accounts for only 15.9%. By far the largest user of water is the agricultural sector, comprising over 20, 000 small citizens farms and few, large state farms. Water used in this sector is mostly brackish in due to the salinity in groundwater.

Amenity - West

40%

Forest East

10%

Amensity- West

43%

Amenity East

20%

100%

Domestic - West

Domestic

15%

Amensity - Total Abu Dhabi

USAGE

Domestic - Total Abu Dhabi

Groundwater Consumption (West & East)

Industry

Groundwater is the main irrigation for any kind of agriculture. And 61% of the water consumption are consumed by argriculture. However groundwater will be fully depleted in 20 years at this rate.

Amensity - East

33%

67%

Forest East

Forest West

Domestic - East

Des Agriculture

57%

100%

Forest - West

24%

19%

16%

100%

Shuweihat Plant

UWEC Plant

Forestry - West

Industry - West

35%

Taweelah Plant

16%

Forestry- Total Abu Dhabi

Industry - Total Abu Dhabi

Mirfa Plant

USAGE

Desalination Daily Capacity UAE rely heavily on desalination water due to the high salinity groundwater and there are 6 six main desalination plants along the coast each has large differences in desalinted water capacity.

Forestry

22%

ADPS Plant

UAN Plant

Forestry- East

Industry - East

Amenity

46%

Agriculture - East

61%

80x1000

2003 - West

1996 - West

78%

2003 - East

Agriculture - West

1996 - East

Agriculture - Total Abu Dhabi

2002 - West

1997 - West

2002 - East

USAGE

Agriculture Expansion

EXISTING SOLUTION DEALING WITH WATER SCARCIT Y WITHIN THE UAE

2001 - West

1998 - West

2001 - East

The agricultural sector consumes 61% of all the Abu Dhabi Emirates water demands. The main agriculture fields are date palm fields which highly concentrated in the Liwa Cresent.

WATER USAGE AND CONSUMPTION

1997 - East

2000 - West

2000 - East

1999 - East

1998 - East

1999 - West

CIT Y PLANNING WITH NEW BABYLON

CITY URBANISATION CONSTANT’S NEW BABYLON NEW BABYLON RELOADED MOBILE DRIFTER

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 2 LEVEL 1 Constant’s Plan CONSTANT’S PLAN

Homer Faber is the representative of the ludic society. In which he demands desire for pleasure and yet the desire is an unknown factor. He constantly require increase in social interaction as this will broaden his creativity side. He realise the need of alternating the behaviour patterns. The behaviour patterns of the ludic society considers space as a toy and constantly pursuing their ‘unknown’ desire for a pernament experimentation. To explore such space, there must be a constinous movement on a 100% free surface. The surface is acting like a dynamic labrinth.

INITIAL TRANSFORMATION FROM NEW BABYLON TO RELOADED

CONSTANT’S NEW BABYLON

Pilotis Structures

Etched Grids - Partitioning

Intepretated ‘surfaces’ organisation

1 - Piano Wire Model This is the initial model in which we tried to inteprete Constant’s high speed transportatation within New Babylon. To do that we used paino wire as the ‘streamless’ network and the cables are imitating the transportation. The cables are then travelled through the piano wires on the sand dune landscape.

2 - Cable Tie Model To introduce a structural system to the New Babylon we have used cable ties and randomly tied the cables together to create a pilotis structure. By using cable ties it generates internal spaces when they are tied together which will be used for ‘settlement’.

3 - Adaptive Skin Using the tectonic formation principle we created a ‘skin’ in which will adapt to the flunctuation of sand dune landscape. Inhabitants are then travel on top or underneath the ‘skin’ alowing maximum ‘freedom’.

4 - Mobile Drifter The Mobile Drifter consists of three compounds in which are connected through tunnel like structures and each compound are elevated by piloti structures. The end of each pilotis has a large surface area to adapt to the landscape.

5 - Tubular Model This model inherited tubes in which imitates the high speed ‘streamless’ transporation. And the transports will travel through these transparent tubes.

SERIES OF TEST MODELS DOMONSTRATING DESIRABLE SPACE

NEW BABYLON RELOADED

FINAL INTEPRETATION OF NEW BABYLON

MOBILE DRIFTER

STUDIES OF EXISTING FIELD CONDIDTIONS

OPERATIONAL FIELD LIWA CRESCENT CONDITIONS LAND-USE PROGRAM SEGREGATION DUNE LAYERING DEFINE LOCATION OF ECO-FARM PATH LAYERING PARCELISATION OF ECO-PLANTS

Network Oasis Liwa is a network oasis and it is a of the few area will traditional cultures.

Dubai

Adu Dhabi Al Ain

Liwa

Residences Liwa is an area will large sand dunes and the buildings are usually integrated with the dunes.

Water Supply Desalinated water is the main water source. But many residences are not connected with pipelines.

TRADITIONAL CULTURAL IDENTITIES CAN BE FOUND IN LIWA

LIWA CRESCENT CONDITION

0m - 150m

LIWA CRESCENT

liwa Crescent is extremely different from the main cities like Dubai, Al Ain or Abu Dhabi. This is because of it unique natural landscape. The locals did not demonlished the sand dunes but attempt to integrate with the sand dunes. As a result, programs are segregation according to altitude of the sand dunes. P R O G R A M S E G R E G AT I O N BY D U N E T Y P O G R A P H Y

PROGRAM SEGREGATION

0m -15m

AGRICULTURE LEVEL

15m -25m

COMMUNAL LEVEL

0m -35m

RECHARGING CITY LEVEL

25m -35m

EMIRATI LEVEL

75m -150m

EMPTY QUATAR LEVEL

100m

CONTOUR LINES

140m

180m

The natural sand dune landscape is an essential part of preserving cultural identities. Therefore the first proto-city will integrate with the natural sand dune and use them as a water path system. This study allow me to extract a natural outline of path systems which can be use as a road or water path.

STUDY OF SAND DUNE PROPERTIES

DUNE LAYERING

DUNES MID-POINTS

TOPOGRAPHY

ALTITUDE LENGTH

100m

INTERSECTION OF ALTITUDE

140m

180m

PARCELISATION

120m contour line divided with 50m apart

Defining closest division point to farm

Existing farm and domestic house locations This is the urban scale of first proto-city 2012. In order to define the location of the eco-farm, distance proximity is used. At the moment the Eco-Plants will be located at around 120m level and by using distance proximity the Eco-Farm locations are defined. It mean it will be in good range for farmers to access Eco-Farms and their date farms.

Greywater pipeline path along sand dunes path

U S I N G D I S TA N C E P R O X I M I T Y T O D E F I N E L O C AT I O N O F E C O - FA R M

DEFINING LOCATION OF ECO-FARM

Treated water pipeline path along sand dunes path

DUNES MID-POINTS

TOPOGRAPHY

CONTOUR LINES

CONTOUR DIVISION

100m

DEFINING LOCATED OF EA CH ECO-PL ANTS

WATER PATH LAYERING

SCALED VORONOI

140m

180m

PATH SYSTEM

200m

Eco-Plants

Greywater Pipeline

Treated Water Pipeline

DEFINING LOCATION OF ECO-PL ANTS BY DISTANCE

PARCELISATION OF ECO-PLANTS

250m

300m

350m

400m

WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

PURPOSE OF ALGAE USE OF ALGAE IN RECHARGING CITY ALGAE PROPERTIES PHOTO-BIOREACTORS

Algae Algae are cultivated under the shade of the date palm trees.

Irrigation Black rubber pipes are collected to the sand dough to irrigation the algae.

Shade Algae survived in this extreme climate because the date palm provides enough shade.

ALGAE CAN BE FOUND IN EXISITNG DATE PALM TREES WHERE THEY CULTIVATE

USE OF ALGAE IN RECHARING CITY

TEMPERATURE

SUNLIGHT

WATER

CO2

SUPPLEMENTS

POND

SOIL

ROCK

LAKE

SEWAGE

PHOTOBIOREACTOR

WHERE?

UNCONTROLLED ENVIORNMENT

OPEN POND

CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT

PHOTOBIOREACTOR

H20 H20

SLUDGE

PRESS

SEPERATOR

CENTRIFUGE

WATER

BIOMASS

ALGAE

HOW?

CO2

WHEEL

FEEDING VESSEL

SUPPLY

ALGAE

WASTE

BIOFUEL

JET FUEL

ANIMAL FEED

ELECTRICITY

ETHANOL

TREATED WATER

WHY?

T H E N E E D O F A LG A E F O R C U LT I VAT I O N

ALGAE PROPERTIES

ALGAE OIL

PROTEINS

CARBOHYDRATES

TREATED WATER

LAYER 4

LAYER 3

SUNLIGHT INTENSITY More sunlight are penetrating through the top layer but the Layer 3 structure is blocking sunlight to penetrate to the lower layers.

NUTRIENTS WATER CO2

LAYER 2

LAYER 1

135

0mm

LAYER 4 LAYER 3

LAYER 3

2200mm

LAYER 2 LAYER 1

EXT

LAYER 2 ENT

ION

LAYER 1

NUTRIENTS WATER CO2 220

NUTRIENTS WATER CO2

PHOTO-BIOREACTORS USED FOR CULTIVATION

PHOTO-BIOREACTORS

NUTRIENTS WATER CO2

A Photo-Bioreactor incorpoates a light source to provide photonic (sunlight) energy into the reactor. Above is the common horizontally orientated PBR. Therefore a number of factors which determines the orientation but mainly will be the sunlight direction. It is essential to allow a maxiVmum intake of sunlight in order to maximise the growth of the algae.

EXT

ENT

ION

Vertical PBR is allow more sunlight to penetrate through them and therefore result in better growth of algae. Although it allows more sunlight, there is not a even sunlight distribution as the inbetween PBRs are still having less sunlight.

2 TARGETED POINTS

THE STUDY OF CENTROID BRANCHING ALGORITHM

BRANCHING SYSTEM

3 TARGETED POINTS

4 TARGETED POINTS

5 TARGETED POINTS

6 TARGETED POINTS

7 TARGETED POINTS

8 TARGETED POINTS

9 TARGETED POINTS

10 TARGETED POINTS

Target Point : 14 Seed Point : 14

Branching 1 The form of the branches are defined by the number of target point and seed point and also the degreee of slack given.

Dry threads - Front View The initial model derived by the form-finding for branching system developed by Frei Otto. And in order to understand how the minimal path works, I have made a test model with 14 target points and 14 seed points with a pattern configuration.

Dry threads - Right View

Dry threads - Perspective

Target Point : 14

Branching 1

Branching 2

Direct Paths Wet threads - Front View To visualise the minimal path I have dipped the test model into a PVA waterbase solution in order to maintain the path when it is dried.

Wet threads - Right View

Wet threads - Perspective

Seed Point : 14

INSPIRED BY FREI OTTOâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S BRANCHING SYSTEM

INITIAL FORM FINDING MODEL

Branching 2 Branching 2 has the same amount of target points and seed points but the degree of slack is less the branching 1 therefore the curvature degree is less.

Target Point : 10 Seed Point : 10

Dry threads