The Economic and Social Impact of Tourism

Philippine

Institute for Development Working Paper 83-01

THE ECONOMIC

Studies

AND SOCIAL IMPACT OF TOURISM

by Gloria M. Arroyo and Mariano San Buenaventura

Philippine

Institute for Development February 1983

Studies

This paper is a preliminary report of a research study undertaken by the Micro Component of the Economic and Social Impact Analysis/Women in Development (ESIA/WID) Project. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute.

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Philippine

,ii:i

Institute for Development February i983

Studies

••Thispaper is a preliminary report of a research study undertaken by the Micro Component of the Economic and social Impact Analysis/ Women in Development (ESIA/WID) Project° The v_ews expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Institute.

"

THE

ECONOMIC

AND

SOCIAL

IMPACT

OF

TOURISM

by Gloria

M.

Arro9o

and

Mariano

Z

San

Suenaventura

_

UCTiON

' This ,./: !',.[ .._ .._ ./.,

.

.. . i._. ..'..:i'.'_". _..:" • '._,'.'...i'...:....::i::: .. "' " Study ateerupts _o' analy_.e!.'.the economicand

_

!

.

_

::i._i:.tourism on a cOmm_ity

•

:.. "..'...:..

in whiCh

.

a tourism

development

..

" ',:.,::, .". . :sociai"impact .[

... . of

.

pro._ect

is

located,

, i_ . ,..

.:i_ism

is

an

that

Tourists

are

of..t0urists_

industry

_=ary

visit_Es

revolves defined

staying

at

around by

least

the

th_

care

World

and

TOuri.sm

tWe,£y-f0ur

hours

accommodation Organization

in

as

a _0un_ry..

..', _._.',..i,./i ...

_i_:tivity

' ...

is not

international Philippine ' this.

The

temporary engage

renumerated

tourism,

yet

government. Ministry

the

The of

visitors

from

in activity

not

domestic

(MOT)

should

definition

their

from

is

be

therefore

outside

renumerated

This tourism'

definition

Tourism

travelling

within.

also

a goal. of

expanded-to

defines

usual

fO_us.es. On

of

the

include

tourists

place•

• ._

as

residence

to

within. • __..

•

. .

.[

....

Theroject. In this assess

may

be

st.udy, termed

the the

project Pagsanjan

whose

impact

we

Are

Tourism"Development

*Assistant Professor, Ateneo de _nila Universityof the PhiliPPines (U.P.) •School U.P. Asian Institute of Tourism. The authors

attempting Project,

to a

University, Senior Lecturer, of Economics;.and Inst_ctor, wish to acknowledge t,he

cooperation of Evelyn Pantig and Donald Dumuk, agency invaluable help of Edith Atienza,. research assistant, comments of Peter smith, Consultant.

coordinators; the and the useful

package (PRH),

of

inputs

the

and

Pagsanjan

_i

The

the

tourism

and

the

The May

Tourism

wishes

the all

When

of the

in

the

body

the

(PTA)

(then

Were

attached

to

and

and

the

the

The

exchange

as

and

Development

from

regions aS

_ment

National Plan,

Economic

1978-1982.

in

the

tO

influence:

employment, energy

and

the

MOT

is

Use,

literacy.

may

and

incoie

be

traced

to

Philippine the

industry.

implementing

policy

entity The arm.

of

PTA

is

The

I R.P.

is

DeVelopment

administrative

MOT

output

promotion

interpreted and

within

overall

tourism

program

tourism its

an

different

education

established.

< of

The

efficient

a Department)

and

1551.

productivity,

tourism

Coordinating,

deveiopment

be

environment,

present

MOT

the

to

facilities

foreign

projects

production

nutrition,

and

to

Economic

development

health

• of

Hotel

Manila

is p_tOZ

to may

National

improve

programming,

government corporate

that

referred

fertility,

Authority

Planning,

benefits

and

intensify

benefits

beginning

11,!973,

to

its

distribution,

participation,

seeks

from

Noo

tourism

spreading

(NEDA)

and

activities

Proclamation

which

Rapids

leading

generation

concerns

population

ali

Pagsan_an

of

Pagsanjan

network

the

ill development

income

of

the

'_to maximize

'_'_ The

growth,

of

are

road

zoneunder

program

if[the count_.

Authority

the

regulation

tourist

development

tourism

of

development

•Philippine and

components

improvement

_agsanjan, the

whose

Authority,

Five_Year

the a

3

functions

of

564,

als0

which

de_eiop

the

PTAwe_e

defined

declaredth_

Philippine

state

One

popular

tourism

tourist

program

spots

Pagsanjan, Tourism

in

res6urce

of

boat

Thus, way

the

rides

Pagsanjan, back

from

"shooting

the

restaurant of

town

to

the

1,128

employ

anaverage

is

tourism

and

a town

(P.Do)

No,

, .encourage,

and-

falls

begin

the

industry

of

of

ÂŁhe

Pagsanjan

in

Cav_ntl, _ all

gothrough

the

most

Manila.

a natural

southeaSt_order resorts

town

of

from

o_ which

Pagsanjan.

exciting

On

experience

the of

River.

Pagsanjan

104

from

municipality.

the

is

dominated

40 rooms.

PRH

402

employs

the

whose

Falls,

the

in

Pagsanjan,

PRH

region,

on _ the

industry

in

33_

lies

tourism

boatmen

under

kilometers

is thetourist

with

the

Tagalog

10i

are

o.f tourist

deVelopMent

located

Bombongan

faci!ity

Of

are

development

Pagsanjan°

which

tourist

of

revenues

boatmen,

for

Southern

Cavinti,

falls,

rest

registered

is the

Tagaytay

falls

rapids"

and

the

Cavinti

the

the

tourist

gross

Excluding

of

andnot

the

to promote

rTA

n revolvesaround

Although

The

the

is

are

Laguna

Pagsanja

Pagsanjan_ the

of

of,..the priority"areas

Philippine

po!icy

Decree

tourism.

.. .;.,;' ....Amon.g..the.,functigns zones.,

in Presidential

persons

are

of

Controls

the

a

50 per

pagsanjan,

attached

While

by PRH,

of

cent the

to PRH. other

resorts

The Institute

owner of

a native

of

of

PRH

Tourism

of

Pagsanjan,

ofi..the couple

decided

0lithe

in 1969

LiWagl

Table

placep

1 summarizes

Aside tourist Lodge,

a Class-B

is at

the

Vista

Lodge

Lodge,

with

In

the

1971r

loan

has

four

resort,

Tropical

entrance

of

is the

a lodging

the

Hotel, the

nearest

house,

other

town to

started

of

Bank

_400,000,

got

were

Private

to

Rbgalde

management

facilities

out

Of

and

hotel

another

(BTTI)

expanded

Development _2.5

retained

million-peso earnings.

costs.

is a

is

1974;

[

Development

investment

extensive

friends

it turned

the

to

In

Industry

resort

the

where

lodge.

Tourism

from

Married

weekends.

Pagsanjan,

hotel

Asian

town

spend

equity

entirely

project

that

a commercial

10an

from

In

which

to

in

an

of the

Philippines.

in

eighteen-room

financed

PRH,

to

Mananzan

these

from

industry

P_gsanjan

an

thePhilippines.

took

hotel

this

long-term

the

and

a _395,000

built

MrS.

Travel

[

Dean

a house

into

of

secure

of

it a habit

first-class

wi_e

a million-peso

expansion

had

made

Adding

of

of

Mananzan_

University

Board

to runit.

Corporation

The

a him

his

a cousin

experience, with

the

Philippines. and

P.

hisbungaiow

helping

Mananzan

the

increasingly

to promote

Mananzan,

Jose

Mananzan

i/_9_8,:Mananzanturned

When

is

four, star

hotel,

establishments.

the The

Pagsanjan

Pagsanjan

Falls

pioneer,

dating

as

far

back

as

a one-star

hote]_

is

the

only

resort

instead the

falls

its

of on among

operation

the

river

the only

bank.

resorts. in

1980.

1927.

The The

that Rio

Magdapio

Only

the

5

TABLE PROLTECT

Original

COST,

10an

PAGSANJAN

from

Equi_yin_estment_

1974

the

HOTEL

(PRH)

1969

_

Act

395,000

1969

400,0.00

2,500,000

PRH

is registered

_noentives

RAPIDS

expansion

Source:

PRH

DBP,

i

for

of

incentives

1974.

under

PoDo

[_,e incentives

535,

granted

known

as

uhder

the

this

act

Tourism are

following_

i.

Deduction

from

exahange

2.

3.

start

Net

Operating

Tax on

4.

of

of

spare date

.loss carry-over

taxes

withheld

from

real five

estate years

taxes/duties parts

of

a period

cent of

of

five

foreign years

from

for

the

first

ten

On

interest

paymehts

loans;

buildings

Reduced

for

50 per

opera_ions;

for

foreign

Exemption

of

operation;

credit

and 5.

earnings

_%e

years

income

which

for are

registration;

tax from

on the

machinery,

imported

for

landimprovements start

of

operations;

equipment, seven

years

and from

.

6.

Tax

credit

years 7.

Firms

from

for

these

PoDo

• incentives

by

The

because comes

Pagsanjan

two

as

food

for

groceries

of

the

relies

on

relies Cavinti falls

addition,

the

and

which are

of

these drive

Cruz.

the

PTA

of

all

tourist

availmen_

for lies

under

of

derives the

the

located.

the

Santa

P.Do

establish-

these

for

no more

cent

whose

southeast

its

than

their

border

there

are

of not

Pagsanjan

employment We

as non-tourist poblacion

Pagsanjano the

market

being

the

capital

part • of income. 14 per

_agsanjan resorts

The

and of

Santa

of

PRH

its

purchases

other

and

of

province,

• The

whom

sales.

the

cent

is

_ Most

from

from

have

comparing

Cruz:

vendcrs of

of two

this

of

analysis

c,ther

Cruz_

for

m_rket

But

purpose

is purchased

tourism

per

this

y___b!aci0n of

center

PRH

5-10

the

town

tourism

of

isSanta

the

HoWever,

than

and

parts

with

resorts

other

only on

for

from

is the

there

some

towns

_e_commercial

servicing

actually

in

municipality

Pagsanjan

Santa

PRH

the

tourism

money

towns

•from resorts,•and on

with

approval

2 shows

their

neighboring

activities

Cruz grocery business

In

tricycle

province

se_en

and

register

Pagsanjan

partwith

One

five-minute

the

for

a tourist

municipalities. a

must

Table

for

reinvestment.

Compulsory

381.

equipment

registration;

expansion

the

area

there.

the

capital

PRH.

tourists

included

t0

N0.

impact

from

of

incentives

N_._/!535 in addition Under

domestic

date

Deductions

wishing :

ments

on

town

where

in this

the

town.

is

TABLE AVAILMENT

OF

Reduced Actual

Inc0m_ Tax Taxes waived

Period

Covered

1975

PTA

2

INCENTIVES

- under

sec.

BY

8-A

of

PP/_

PoD.

535

Amount

(May-December)

_

22,629.00

1976

28,898.00

1977

32,075.00

1978

203,599.00

1979

196,540.95

1980

(January-April)

45,517.00

TOTAL

Actual

Taxes

and

Dutieswaived

1976

Source:

Philippine

--

_

on

_

Zmportation

13,775.00

Tourism

Authority

(PTA).

529_258.95

-+

8

Peculia_rities

At project,

in

the

ESIA/WID

Wi£_i_ search Coming

should parame_rs,

for a

typical

tourist

with

the

the

Project

economic

and

specified

come the

but

p_ocess

tourist

Of

project. of

a

social

that

from•Luzon

a definition

reason

objective

of

the

component

is

tO

progress

and

implemented°

for

illustrating

project

for

select

the

impact

micro

outside

site

Metro

meant,

tourist

analysis

site

Selection

This

typical

a typical

most

and

imQact

for

the

Manila. centered

to

begin

project

or projects.

developed

on

the

with,

or

a typical

not

to

prove

be

in

it

is

a community

tourist

found to

in

analyze such

the

and

that

designed

applied

a minimum

areas

or

projects.

That

tourism

community

•

models

analyzing

economic

the

•

Pagsanjan

economic

be

the

be

so-called

can

typical

with

individual

that

and

other

a way

this

as prototype

measuring

also

in the

of

will

of

will Rather0

more

is

systems

regarded

means

study

Which

social

analysis

the

be

for

whatever

for

securely

will

objective

that

in

to other

analysis

lies

The

and

tourism the

a definition

projects

efficient

of this

area

such

and

systems

the

in Pagsanjan

of

with

component.

measurement

objective tourist

occuring

up

development

These

progress

The

coming

EsIA/WIDmicro

impact

and

more

of

area.

The

cations

of

management

these

up

impact•

Evaluation

beginning

tourismproject

areas

the

is

change•

is

tourist and

social

methodology of

objective

modifiis

selected.

achieved

9

Howeveroin informed we

that

proceede

•define

officially

d to make

the •typical

typically £hat

visited

in

bility.

convenient tourist

area

suggestion_

where

employment

in

Using

The

part

tourist

this

a natural

with

we

c_

consider

to th e Pagsanjan

Falls.

It

because

of

and

good

adequately

Not tourist

everyone

area.

place

that

it may

is the

tourist

agrees

Though

"controlled-flow" out

meet

it

the

was

to

are

PTA

proposed

include

the

and

(3)accessi-

•a typical

tourist

(2) which

has

adequately

the

tourist

and

whence

is •• comfortable

area most

is the of

the

is

Pagsanjan the

Pagsanjan

convenient roads.

a typical rapids

to reach

It has

four

from

Manila

hotel-resorts

standards.

that

P_gsanjan

tourism

represent

attraction

attractien,

is

is representative

types•of not

money

Thus

is dra_mo

leading

which

of

were

which

the

attraction0

their

area°

proximity

of

defined

scope

tourist

its

a natural

areas

should

(3) which

facilities

definition,

It has

and

proposal

facilities

then

geographical

tourists

the

parameters

we

Manila,

those

we

project.

first

Pantig

•(2) tourist

has

tourism

of

Evelyn

the

Officials,

Our

terms

But

her

from

PTA

typical

in

place

facilities.

coranunity

areas

the

to •reach

and

definition.

definition

(1) which

MOT

is no

tourists.

the

Following

as an

own

tourist

of

with

there

our

by

composing

(I) attractions

area

discussion

those

so that

of

areas,

a typical

single-attraction

there

tourism

tourists

methodologically

are

areas

those

in

are•encouraged

which to

who the

point entire

roa/n about

i0

the

host

community.

the

definition

of

a typical

the

first

of

tourist

In

addition

type to

the

a representative The

since

foreign

However,

should

deflnition

of

which

limited

unique

it

The are

those

just

day

and

travelers.

respects.

It

very

small

Banaue, plenty

package

and of

Pagsanjan

for

other

time

to

tourism

to

places explore

a

day

0f

we

of

area

visited

by

tourism

define

is Manila, based

the

site

to

those

impact.

typically

are

have

to

most

of

from

still

cOurSe,

that we

might

areas

tourists

Manila_

in Manila. for

limit areas

ceases

to

project

our outside

tourists.

tyi_ically

that

the

M_lnila

to

spend

number

of package

so

is large and

where

they

bulk the

Given be

as

proportion

go

to to

have

the place. represents

of Manila

spend

Therefore the

of

rather these

the

areas the

than

two who

come

afternoon. like

ni_lt

Bicol,

and

the evaluation

relationship

ÂŁourists

These

tourists in

by

touristsvisit

night.

in

outlying to

visited

tours

representative

return

tourists

adequately

economic

most

Pagsanjan

percentage

and

social

specified

5[%nila

a large

the

differ

those

local

Manila

by

they

yet

requirements

glance.

back

is visited

of

Pagsanjan

Metro

go

and

tourists,

typically

near

the

of

tourist

first

receive

individual

A

at

outside

typically

in a tour

by

Metro

most

fulfill

therefore,

most

definiti0n_

areas

the

and

outside

are

appears

terms

management

sufficiently

for

areas

visited

tourist

be

area,

terms

a representative

t//is more as

in

n_y

parameters,

_st

ESIA/WID

evaluation

Metro_ Manila

tourist area

given

area

since

also

t0uristareain

vislted. all

Theseareas

between

have of

ii

output the

in a very

areas

of

significant

development

HOwever,

even

type

certain

though

the

within

as

women.

But

industry,

the

the

is

one

Dei,

tours

respect

PRHis

prostitution

th_

titution

and of

able

at

to

that major

in

wall

be

community°

group

known

trade

within girls

find

in our

analysis

to

of PRHt

with

resorts;

fact we

the

and

would

be

about

on

the

a devotee

not

allowing

premises

tour

less

confimed

not

is

or

group.•

whatever

is probably if we

impact

conservative

hotel

the

using

about

Mananzan

strict

even

tourism

no mention

very

their

the

Pagsanjan

itshighly

are

hospitality

is

to

be

there

it peculiar

for

Liwag

Can

project,

objection

Dean

Mr.

a matter

make

the

tourist

project

and

tourism

tourist

firm

among

As

of

exchange

there

the

and

to ply bring

project

Pagsanjan

foreign

unique we

tourist

cottages such

to

areas.

But be

where in

He

•tourism

raising

of

type

ex_Ai_ple, one

a religious

girls

package

a similar

dominant

project

on morality.

hospitality

of

the

prostitution

Opus

tourist

for

PRH0

evaluation

pagsanjan For

a strategy

increasing

views

o_

this•typology.

tourism

of

to

aspects

development

concern.

appi!odmethodolog_caliy are

of tourist

In this

impact

than

in

on

other

thedefinition

_le

to

see

any

pros-

PRHp

we

allo

if we see

study

the

in

prominent

the

whole

prostitution

the

place.

citizens

Even

of

Pagsanjan

problem_ then,

as Mananzan

and

because

not

there

just are

the

influence

in

and

Liwag

others

and

other

the

will

hotels

community who

share

12

their

views

in other is

has

lent

totirist

areas

tourlsm _ile

possible

is the tourism

development rather

least

as

than

air far

of

Canada

as

ona

tourism

of

the

tourists

to

Pagsanjan

not

heterosexual

present

prostitution

prostitution_

With somewhat

• of

European

the

in

and

the

link

means

fe_le

any drug

the

area°

tourism prostitution

acknowledgment

of

appears

in

Development about

asks

the

residents

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ECONO_4Ic

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15

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17

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21

tourists

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22

tion,

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23

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26

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in

the the

the

terms

beautigovernand

cleanliness,

products from

and

considering

the

analyze

the

development

cleanliness

community.

on

cleanliness

description

sell

tourism

tourism

do

and

pollution

and

pollution,

facilities

space

tourists

superstructure,

who

natural and

natural

infrastructure

of

buildings; and

impact

environment,

raisers

to

of

and

tourist-related

Pagsanjan

beautification

of

loss

because

sites

time

(i) pollution,

activities°

positive

order.

access

traditional

the

and

(2)

fauna

historic

of

a qualitative

drive

backyard

restaurants

by

life

waste;

and

in

with

and

on

with

following_

facilities,

modern

of

the

peace

of

ways

infrastructure and

flora

concentration

analyze

discribing

tourism

ment

shall

harmony

the

of

_xcessive and

not

are

housing

of

ia_dscape

infrastructure resorts

for

(3) destruction _andscaPeiiand

tourism

discharge

to provide

1QSSoflnaturai

times

of

and

negative pollution

resulting

to

and

hotels

discharge

of

27

Ed__ucation,

is on

Cul__ture, and

impact

of

education.

And

from

this

may

have

people_

education

a

because

tourism

enterprises

for

economic

people

when

sexuality

tourism an

community

as

comparing

well

the the

prostitution

for

gains?

on

the

the

as perceived

order

on

of

the by

exhibit

hired

to

must

tourists be

of

prostitution

on

conventioKal residents

in

of

impact

with

the

life.

of the tourism requires

that and

homo-

through

level

direct

workers

of

education

level

the and

way

educational

the

Finally,

life

usual

by

induce

cater

that

their

by

setting,

education.

as

of

introduced

tourism

cultural

its

and

formal

to

life

level

are

are

educational

tourism

discussing

does

the

of

analysis of

Or

project

in

in

fairly

such

part

changes

in

tourism

cultural

Youth they

effect

a tourism

English

questions

a tourism

level and

speak

in

are

of

is not

The

educational

area

classes

the

income

a certain

Since

impact

differences

families.

in the

should

These

of

and

require

education?

impact

that

includes

con_unity,

may

its

effect,

education

in practices

impact

as

indirect

employment

negative

through

withtourists.

from

the

tourism

workers.

to wage

extent

thus

non-tourism

of

novice

brings

indirect

growth

dealing

a desire

probable

to

The

rest

as

in analyzing

is the

income

in

other

on

employees

themselves

or

there

impact employment

enterprise

absent

addressed

and

graces

it motivate to

direct

tourism

social

tourism

aside

Tourism

Certain

youth

Impacts

conceivable

of lthe

does

Social

Another

Project

the

other

of

the

homosexual locality.

28

Aside from edUcation impacts in

that can be expected

the cOmmunlty,

:P_Sible

benefit

becomes

a dominant

become

the t0_i_t

facilities

and the pleasures

by the :natural tourist

attraction째

the local

about an in_rease

to_ists,

although

:adversely affects tourism

residents.

in business

of the population

changes,

are many other

themselves

spills OVer

portion

there

whentourism

The residents

:_ni_iesDfferedby

bring

and culture,

starts

Tourism

Tourism

activities

about

can be expected

impact on the social and economic

living

to the made

development

development

dealings

an increase

the way of life of the people. development

presence

may

so that a Significant

to have business

it may also bring

exposed

social

with

the

in prices

Through

which

all of these

to have a significant

standards

of the people

in

t

the:local

co_nunity.

This

study looks

by discussing

whether

tourist

resorts

exposed

to tourists

have observed development, activities

into the various

the residents

and the tourist and have

improvement whether

because

they

social

of th_ town indeed

attraction,

done business

in co,unity have observed

of tourism,

etc.

impacts

of tourism have gone to the

whetherthey with

facilities

tourists, because

an increase

have been whether

they

of tourism

in business

29 DATA

Measures that

can

be

sec0._ary s0_ces

that

This

and

Directly

on

industry

average

household

s the

we

tourism

project.

The

reports

from

data

entire on

tourism

the

3Based

gross

on

is

may

data

elements

tourism.

use

data

elements

3

data

from

categories:

usable_

from

and

of

The

the

secondary

data

_rom

primary

types

used

describes

the

three

discussion

data째

be

defined

aggregate

income

in the

need PTA

also

industry revenues

the

tourism

transformations

the

PTA-registered It

following

data

project's

industry_

of

Data

income

tourism

the

of

income

a tourist

measure.

of

Secondary

tourism

this

lists

impact

impact

directly

extensive

limitations

Impact

the

are

section

Usable

estimate

that

the

the

into

require

assessing

nature

analyzing

classified

sources

sources. for

for

USED

in terms of

the

influence

of

information firms useful in of

to the

system

which to

can

have

influence

major

tourism

fo_--mal comment

of

income

the

gross

income

the

area.

of

To

the of

the

quarterly source

of

of

income

the

The

MOT

data

N.

for of

collects

establishments.

DroAlejandro

the

and

3).

of

revenues

gathers be

area

(See Table

a measure

the

the

influence

area

contribution

a measure

of

Herrin.

30 TABLE

3

DATA IRE LY SECO A YDATA %_A

OF

CONC--E_--

Income

INDICATOR

Gross tered

Emplo_nt

FROM "_ DATA

ELEMENTS

income firm

of

the

PTA-regis-

Gross income _:,

of

Gross income industry .....

Of

the

tourism

GrOss firms

of the major impact area . , , • .

Direct

Employment

income in, . the:

Employment

registered

in the

Compensation

of

employees

Compensation the

Foreic_er's output

share

in

Community's output

share

in to_irism

capitalists' tourism

Women's participation

Political

share

outflow

of

income,

average

stockholder's

equity, financial charges, rate of return, extent of public ownership for registered firm Distribution of hospitality among municipalities

Number of hospitality me_ts the impact area tO other towns in the

DistributiOn establishments municipalities

of

Distribution

between

of

the

establishcompared province local

the

and local governments of power to regulate tourism activities

Participation

local

Cleanliness

promotion

drive

of

the

tourism

PTA

of

Peace

and

Education

order of

situation

tourism

employees

and the

national the

beautification

local

classification

Amount

girls

hospitality among

government in regulating tourism activities

in

the

Local government income from PTA, lease of government propetty to tourist firms and boat" men, local government expen w ditures by item Net

Superstructure

and

in

firm

Foreign exhange registered firm

registered

Education culture

employees

registered

firm

tourist

Number of hospitality girls in the impact area in comparison to all towns in the province

citizenry Environment

in

output

Participation

participation

tourism

of

tourist

registered

Employment in the major in the impact area Distribution

firm

community of

the

firm

spent

on

peace

Educational level of the registered

and

order

of employees firm

31

The of

data

ment

on

foreign

effects

their the

PTAmonitoring

of

direct

,. ."

i.

2.

the

and

receipts

enterprises to

an_ua!

and

growth°

performance

toward

disbursements

registered income

geared

reports

under

P.D_

the

and 535,

These

data

which

the

generation

the

6mploy-

as well

are

found

as in

registered

........ , • .. ..,.]...,.'.,,,..,.', , .. ,.

enterprises of hotels

exchange

contribution

quarterly

,

system 4 is mainly

have

£o

contain

s u_t

the

to

the

following

PTA.

The

expOrt

performance

reports

data:

Revenues a.

Direct

b.

Peso

dollar receipts

(i)

cash

(2)

credit

(3)

local

Guest

mix

Foreign

receipts

Occupancy

4.

Employment

foreign

tourists

sales cards tour

operator

(monthly)

vs.

3.

from

local

rate

data

a_:

Foreign

b.

Managerial/skilled/semi-skilled/unskilled

c.

Number

d.

Salaries

4Most Dumuk,

vs.

per

of

Research

local

category

per

the

category

materials

Coordinator.

for

this

discussion

was

provided

by

Donald

32 5.

Operating

expenses

a.

Directly

imported

b.

Breakdown

vs. locally

purchased

into

(i)

Materials/suppiies

(2)

Direct

labo_

c3i overhead 6.

Foreign

exch_ge

oUtflOw

a.

Importation

of e.quipme_t and machinery

b.

Importation

of food

items, beverage,

and other

operating

supplies c.

Payment

d.

Management

e.

Amortization

covers

of expatriates fee of foreign

loan

The main limitation

of the PTA monitoring

only establishments

registered

Thus although

we are interested

community

of Pagsanjan,

community

impact from measures

Pagsanjan

registered

The indicators employment,

with

related

the PTA under

indicators

to PRH, the only

it

P.D. No. 535. on the whole

we can only

infer

firm in

the PTA.

for_include

and the impact

is that

in the impact of tourism

in the case of many

with

system

direct

of tourism

employment

refers

to employment

monitoring

system

gathers

data

employment

in tourism on employment

firms.

employment,

on migration. Again,

indirect Direct

the PTA

for firms registered

33

under

P.D.

No.

establishments 4

shows

some

The bUti_n0f

of

the

for

impact

data

other

area,

collected

for

income,

income,

income

from

income

firms

we

income

Can

by

MOT.

data

on

the

compensation

Establishments

of

and

For

how

ccmpensation

the

National

it

data

other

in

the

Census

tourist MOT.

size

the

pre-project

income,

and distri-

of

employees,

is

spent,

are

are and

Table

distri-

functional

tourist

data

the

the

of

of

major

from

households

In terms

PTA.

before

data

include

Compensation

the

other

distribution

establishments

with

get

tourism

income.

tourism.

is necessary

of

we

For

diStribution

Of

of

tourist from

firms.

geographical

need

registered

permission Census

of

the

distribution

of

property for

in

not

incom_i/thep0siti6n

functi0nal

ment

but

indicators

distribution

bution

535

govern _

and

readily

available

establishments, released

from

Statistics

the

Office

(NCSO).

The

main

households

limitation

is that

municipal

level

purposes

of

they

except

analysis°

possible

to

get

the

position

of

tourism

and

To use

data

on

for

the

government

the

not the

data

year

that as

income

the

of

government"s from

which

from

in the

•distribution

income from

1975,

such

households

local

for

available

means

indicators

geographical

specify

are

This

not

income,

of

tourist

distribution

secondary is

data

distribution

pre-project

at

unsufficient

secondary size

data

among the for

along of

it

is

income,

distribution

of

income.

share

in tourism

establishments

income which

we are

34

TABLE

4

STUDY ON T0URXSM FACXLIT!ESAND SERVXCES IN THE _HiLXPPI_,PUmNiNG SERVICEs MOT_ 1980

Data •

":....'!: "

'

i)

Regional Dis£ribution and % D_stribution of Rooms Reported Accommodation Establishments by Room Classification

2)

Regional and % Distribution by PositionClassification,

of Manpower in Reporting. Establishments % Distribution

3)

Regional by Sex

and % Distribution

of Manpower

in Reporting

Establishments,

4)

Regional and % Distribution by Skills Level

of Manpower

in Reporting

EstablishmentsF

5)

Regional and % Distribution by Employment Status

of M_npower

in Reporting

Establishments

6)

Regional and % Distribution of Manpower by Position classification and Sex

in Reporting

Establishments

7)

Regional and % Distribution of Manpower in Reporting by Position Classification and Skills Level

Establishments

8)

Regional and % Distribution of Ymnpower in Reporting by Position Classification and Employment Status

Establishments

Source .. MOT

in

35 available

from

composition ownershi the

p

the

of in

municipal

local

tourism

government

government income

PTAmOnitoring

system

along

expenditures.

is

estimated

which

gathers

....

can

ship

of

be

g0tÂŁen:on

firms

also.

The the

is

effects

and

in

female

companions,

than

The of

the

taken

analyzes and

the

of

property

firms

from

data

on

net

rate

of

return.

of

municipal

in

firm

in in

and

PTA

to the

income,

include

tOurists

the

of

impact is

of

in

of

taken

hospitality

provincial

records.

of

item

in

the

compared

on

the

on

family

tO

girls

other

with

hired

family

attitudes.

prostitutes, tourism

and

by

hospitality

at marriage,

from

registered

breakdown

tourists

tourism on

system

firms

personal

age

owner-

PTA.

a=ea

prevalence

of

outflow

number

impact

in the

monitoring

income

exchange

fertility,

girls

nun_er

the

tourism, the

the

of of

the

participation

of participation

measures

The

from

entrepreneurship,

cumulative

hospitality

province. from

the

and

participation

foreign

women"s

expenditures

feasible

number

by

province,

effects

estimating

to more

the

participating

same

PTA

foreigners by

for

of public

the

establishment

towns

and

of

employment

hospital_ty the

with

submitted

on women

planning,

share

indicators

in touZism

and

share

registered

charges_

extent

indicated

report

The

the

registered

direct

PTA

quarterly

sex

on

[

Data

with

data

The

for

a_eragest0ckh61dersUequity_Tinancial [

with

we

Rather

resort

prostitution.

Social

establishments

Hygiene is

Clinic

likewise

36

The indicators

for political

of the local government cipation

in the regulation

of the i0cal citizenry

political mea@_es

dissent,

and i_ieienting

Data for pOlitical data, laws, decrees, documents.

interpretation

promotion,

the tourism

participation

and freedom

community

were

and other

of these

partiof

and citizenry

in planning,

drive°

data

gathered official

from election government

is that they require

and are less concise

for environment

other pollution,

safety,

more

than data for other

include

and beautification

Data on peace

the degree

the infrastructure,

and order

expenditures

of water

the superstructure,

and cleanliness.

of these data is that they are •not available series.

activities,

concerns.

The indicators pollution,

participation

of the local government

regulations,

The limitation

development

public

in tourism

Participation

include

of tourism

i_he :ac£ua! _inv019ement of the local

regUia_ing,

careful

participation

The limitation

from nationwide

data

are especially

confidential°

The

superstructure

is described

and plants

for tourism

services.

monitoring

system by its method

in terms

of buildings,

Such data are indicated of classifying

sites,

in the PTA

the quality

of tourism

establishments.

direct

Impact on education

and culture

investment

capital

in human

may be defined

induced

in terms

by the skills

of the

requirements

37

of

tourism

cultural

employment, milieu,

channel

of of

_eir

pe@sonal

Secondary

To

women_s

to of

NEDA

table,

the

NEDA

o_

this

I-O

with

no

strong

not

been

the

the

of

the

through

on

in

the

educational

community.

the

discussed

of

ment

in

the the

area.

PTA,

tourism partly

by

the in

the by

for

IDRC the

in

the

is

not

the

IDRC.

region,

census

This

the

economy.

level

of

technology better

to

the

1978

Since the that

for

adjustment

is

different While

to

it

data

such

appreciably

of

been

and

1978

rest

have

The

areadjusted

D) o

income,

NCSOp

every

NCSO

(See Annex

aggregate

tourism.

estimated

a sector

found

it would

impact

as

to

for

the

technology

and

expect

different, the

from

imports

area to

contribution

have

not

level

impact

reason

d&ta

departmsht

multiplier

estimated

appreciably survey

income

considered

if the

the

project's

does

classifications

between

into

education

need

has

coefficients

industry

only

on

pr0stituti6h

perS6nnel

available

coefficients

valid

prostitution

Transformation

an

are

table

are

on

prostitution

the

national

Pagsanjan

impact

therefore

and

the

Requiring

measure

elements

we

Of

participation.

estimate

is useful

I-O

data

Data

indirect

employees,

filles _ "in

while on

the

introduction

growth,

tourism

project, section

and

income

level

the

be

there

is

indeed

conduct

an

establish,

38

Emplgyment industry

is

also

by multiplying

restaurant

indus_

Thee_ioyment

estimated

the

with

estimated

the

coefficient

for

is

reCeiPts

for

Another ment for

is

the

choice

..focuses measure

There

which on

the

how

Pagsanjan enriched

how

because

tourism,

NCSO

coefficients. ment

the

coefficients

hotel

the

and

local for

1978

emplo_nt

and

estimation

restaurant

hotel

that

and

industry.

Census

of

aS well

restaurant souvenier

come

total is

from

hotels

Within

are

else

outside

from

outside°

and

the

hotel

estimated

the

as Itotal

the

for

it

and as

within

I-O

framework

is

not

the

other

sectors

the that

feasible right

Pagsanjan

restaurant

proxy

and

manufactured

for

employ-

the

tO in

is being

indirectJemployment

source and

income

industry

industry,

direct

the

in

items

also

of

restaurant

tourists.

census

are

Z-O

the

goods

Aside

our

somebody

to

from

total

sho, ps

and

the

the

coefficient

generated

small

to

much

calculate the

are

hotel of

of

the

cater

much

and

To

of

of

hotel

se_t0r.

limitation

tourism.

community

each

local

output

employment

•!•Es_li•s_ntsi•iwhi6hi••!_igeS•••da£a•on: gro_s

the

impact

of

employment industry,

linked

to

employthat

industry.

Data framework.

share

income

From

compensation The

on

of of

the

the

distribution I-O

table

employees government

for in

for the

can

also

the

impact

hotel

and

tourism

income

be

gotten area

we

restaurant is also

from get

the data

I-O on

industry. estimated

from

39

the

indirect

industry

as

ownership from

I-0

of

less

shown

in

the

Sha_e

taxes

in

the

we

tableu

For

local

_6relgn_rs

in

elements

from

secondary

sunm_rized

of

the

I-0

sources

in

Table

of

the

FOr

use

inco_

by

the _he

hotel share

estimates tourism

of

of

is

The

requiring

restaurant

property

"other

industry

qenerated table.

and

in

value general,

estimated

indicators

extensive

added"

from and

the the

data

transformation

5.

Data

Because of tourism

on

impacts

the

at

level

of

lie.

Only

the

random

1975

level:

Pagsanjan of

half

census this

the

a random

start

in

barangays. a hotel

I-O

Median

household

of

households

the

contains

is

not

survey

covering

used

study

quota

restaurant

and

at

to be and

of

25

while of

50 HHs

cluster 50 HHs with

impact

area

the small-

(_{s) the

Santa

impact Cruz.

barangays

Interval

at

that

is a

households

Cavinti,

samples

this

impact

look

is

source

expected

sample

to

in the

for

316

have

the

income

our

municipalities.

in poblaciones

Special or

a random

also

data

enough,

Pagsanjan,

from

to measure

we

tourism: HHs

data,

community

municipalities

three

was

of

three

250

from

in

which

NCSO

in

obtained

employed

the

level.

Since

HHs

sample

rural

_

project-area

representing of

income

above

the

special

limitations

household

income

municipal

areas

the

the

item

scale

table.

income,

imports

Primary

I-O

paid

tourism

foreign

are

subsidies

A

was

sampling

sampling with

a member

with

was

used

a member who

is

a

40 TABLE INDICATORS

AND DATA ELEMENTS FROM SECONDAR_ SOURCES REQUIRING EXTENSIVE TRANSFORMATION

, ,..._.._

oFcoNc_

z Dz •

;

Zuc_e

, .

5

•

.3 ..,

' "

_TOuri,_,_inc_ .... '.._..' ..,

. .

R ,i: '

_Ui_iPiier

DATA " ' '

0u_u_t::o_

ithe

h0tel

and

restaurant

....

List Of industries in the impact area with Which the hotel an_ restaurant sector has I-0 relations National I-0 and gross product coefficients Employment

Direct

Employment

domestic

Employment coefficient in the regional hotel and restaurant industry . Income

of the hotel

and restaurant

industry Total direct employment

and indirect

Diagonal matrix coefficients Matrix

income distribution

compensation employees

of

of employment

of inverse

I-0 coefficients

compensatio_ coefficient in the local hotel and restaurant industry Income of the 'local hotel restaurant

Foreigners' share tourism output

in

industry

Foreign import coefficient of the hotel and restaurant industry Income of the local hotel restaurant industry

Con_nunity's share tourism output

in

of the local hotel

restaurant in

and

Indirect taxes less subsidies coefficient of the hotel and restaurant industry Income

Capitalists' share tourism output

and

and

industry

"Other value added" ooefficient of the hotel and restaurant industry Income of the local hotel restaurant

industry

and

41 boatman

were

interviewed.

income as well complete

as income

ten years

co.unity

ago.

asked

on present

(See An@ex

the PTA nor the MoT gather

employed area

in tburism

survey which

i. What

HH

C for the

2.

With what

3.

asks the following

What

is

What

workers

among

employment.

survey by asking about

the place

The limitation

(name)

(name's)

workers

refers

among

from one barangay

of residence

all workers

to another

to the tourism

prior

thus estimated

of NCSO household

that they are available

to the percentage

This can be assessed

of in-migration

the rate of in-migration

distribution

is

or from other municipalities

The rate

of

of work?

who have moved

due to tourism

of hiring.

questions:

connected?

(name's) place

in the municipality

from the special

activity

or industry

The rate of in-migration among tourism

for all

else?

institution

occupation

data on employment

has to be calculated

is the occupation/gainful

at present?

pality

were

questionnaire)

Neither

project

Respondents

to or at the time is compared

to

in the impact municipality.

income

in this

munici-

in the special

distribution

only for 1975 and that differences

among municipalities

with-

census

data

is

in income

cannot be solely

42

attributed income

to

tourism

distribution

m_niolpalities

be

i_!_rder

bution

income.

of

major

tourism

the

MOT-PTA

from

from

tourism the

say

the

officials

Since

women's

point

have

from

employment the

and

roles

of

is

the

also

a on

number

either

the

two

the

and

from

data

in

income

two

gathered ,

in

cannot

data

the

procedure

background

nationwide

municipal

officials

and

type

of

officers

for distri--

of

data

on

tourist

geographical

this

for

non-tourism

ot_er

similar

Therefore

view

that

be

of

the

in

they nor

ESIA/WID

of

are

of

the

various

on

families

series

nor

information of

the

of

HH

the

data with are

women, income,

HH

in

does

only not

either

series. hotel

asked

on

perceived uses

relate

participation

available

interviews

in

are

women's

readily

among

housewife members

this

Questions

entrepreneurship

we

a nationwide

from

survey.

data

not

from

gathered

tourism,

community:

limitation

system

to

and

the

we

followed

development

on

in

differences

system.

The

the

share

We

get

distribution

participation

of

women.

they

income

to

themselves.

monitoring

or

employment, the

with

employment PTA

tourism

facilities

interviews

we

two.

information

establishments

Therefore,

and

of

in

had and

municipality

changes

monitoring

to Manila-based

related

we

municipality

survey.

_ou_isM

other

impact

is no

looking

from

the

There

When

in

the

with the

tourism

tourism

special

the

to c0m_e

analyzing

comes

the

between

municipality

from

the

Therefore

attributed to tourism de¢elopment_

solely ....

owning

in

from

distribution

development.

of

tourismalternate

income,

decision-making.

43 The impacÂŁ::of tourism to gauge from nationwide cumulative

fertility

development

published

data series.

and ag_ at marriage

l,_v_i ...... " popul_ÂŁion "__: "".... " _0r _eh_u_es,

on fertility

is also difficult

Although

are available

""

they a_e not available

data on

at the municipal specifically

for

..._o_:i,_avo_._ed i_"t;ur_s_:i .Fo_these _e estimates come fro_ the and family piannin_

attitudes

The citizens" prostitution

probe the

with

by tourists

of the prevalence

in the special

Have you observed

girls in places visited

perception

is assessed

questions:

and behavior.

or heard

survey by asking of the presence

(th_e tourismimppctarea) or not?

for the existence

of tourism-related

The interviewer

of prostitituion

which

the following

of hospitality are frequently

is then instructed

among

tourists

to

who come to

impact area.

The limitation that they require

of secondary

more

careful

data on political

interpretation

than data for other development

concerns.

by unstructured

people

observe

or be involved

as boatmen, displaced

with

in political

local politicans,

by tourist

participation provided

interviews

facilities.

and culture,

by a standardized

They

are thus complemented

who are in a position

leaders,

interview

to

and dissent,

and persons

For problems

a less structured

regarding

approach

is appropriate.

are more

con_nonly used

for a more

intensive

such

who were political

than that Less structured

G

interviews

is

and are less concise

participation

civic

_prticipation

study

of

44

perceptions,

attitudes_

and

However,

proportion

of

liness the

the and

beautification

standardized

The not of

pollution

by

the

from

Municipal from

pollution

had

For

they

to

sell

their

of

data

nationwide the

health

of

to be

the

a standardized

participating community

environment

data

is

municipality

regarding

example, tourist

those

the

degree

the

assessed

pollution

interview.

in

the

gathered

of

clean-

through

they

the

pointed on

impact by

that

example,

data

out

tourism

incorporating

to

us

is

not

on questions

environmental

poultries were

pollution

are

types

pollution of

other

Residents river

is

to be

and

backyard

establishments.

of

such

series_

with

For had

Since

data

also

series.

supplementarily

survey

perception

on

officer.

a nationwide

in thespecial matters.

population

drive

afflicting

available

the

than

survey.

limitations

available

motivations,

were

asked

whether

also

asked

on

ten

years

ago

and

at present.

In the the

nationwide

Pollution in

the

that

of

survey

Control

tourist

standards

case

water of

pollution,

rivers

Commission.

site

can

it meets,

be

and Based

classified

defined

in

there lakes

are

conducted

on this

survey

according terms

irregular

of

the

to

by the the

the

data

National

body highest

following

from

of

water set

of

classification:

45

Class

It

was

Conditions

tourist

the

such

data

requires

water

is

suitable

f_r

drinking.

B

The

water

is

suitable

for

bathing.

C

The water is suitable other uses requiring quality

D

The the

to

go

to verify

community are

not

that

water above

this

the

is

is not uses.

type

of

pollution

described as

collected

a special

for fishing and water of lower

suitable

data

on

to

for

any

of

unstructured

can

be

attributed

terms

of

roads

to

k6y

the

a result by

the

inventory. come

in

from

of

the

project

Data

on

interviews

tourism

and

other

drive.

monitoring

Again

system

public

safety_

with

government

services

and

clealiness, officials

and

leaders.

For of

con_unity. on

beyond

enjoys

beautification

level

U_

prcjecto

that

civic

Best

The

Infrastructure

and

to

A

necessary

interviews

Related

the

impact

education Fer

prostitution

of

of

the

tourism

tourism

negative

on

employees cultural

in

the

community.

on

the

various

perception

data

analytical

framework.

education0 compared impact

For

types

we

of

other social

of

need to

to

the

tourism,

social impact

compare

rest

of

we

need

impacts, defined

we

the the data need

in the

46

Aside firm0 from

data the

level

of

on

survey,

care

on

as

those

from

the

informants_ their

to

the

questions supplemental officials, prostitution

The summarized

also

resorts

that

some

special

the

unstructured civil

leaders,

the

the

on

survey

of

on

qo

to

it

accompany

surfaced

were

cenducted

and

administrators

gathered

educational These

requires are

the

interviews

with

were

questions

asked

fer

in the

residents

from

with about

these foreigners, public homosexual

in Pagsanjano

indicators in Table

and 6o

data

elements

fr_m

primary

are

gathered

homosexual

interviews resort

be

prostitution

occasions

_en

can

prostitution째

They

respondents

the

registered

tourism

s_irvey nnd

tourism-related

falls.

the

the

community.

data

impact

area

asking

residents

data

of

ef

employees

participation째

project

questions or

_

cultural

regarding

employees

gives

rest

compared

spocial the

of

tourism

also

on political

In

and

of

in the

negative

perceptions

community, going

which

members

the

files

level

straightforward

primarily

on

personnel

educati_>nal

household

Data

key

the

special

relatively

same

from

sources

are

47 TABLE INDICATORS

AREA

OF

AND

DATA

CONCE_

Income

6

ELEMENTS

FROM

PRIMARY

SOURCES

INDICATOR Median

household

income

Median

DATA

ELEmeNTS

income

among

the various impact agea Employment"

Income Distribution

Direct

employment

households

aggregations

of

in the

Percentage of workers who are employed in tourism enterprises

Rate of in-migarition due to tourism employment

Percentage of tourism workers who have moved from other municipalities and from one barangay to another within the municipality

Size distribution income

Distribution of f_milies by income class in the tourist municipality and in non-tourist municipalities_ before and after the tourist drive

of

Distribution of families by income class in the urban and rural areas of the tourist municipality_ befor_ and after the tourist drive Position

of

tourism

HHs

Median

income

of

tourism

in pro-project distribution of income

10 years

Geographical of income

Comparative median incomes urban and rural, areas

distribution

families

ago

of

Comparative median incomes of tourist versus non-tourist towns before and after the tourist drive capitalists w share tourism output Women's participation

Breakdown tourism Female tourism Personal

by

sex

in

Ownership

in

Proportion

employment

employed

participation

in

enterprises effects

participating

on

of

women

in tourism

tourist

of

women

in tourism

Housewives

who

hotels

and

restaurants

Use

wages

of

supply

facilities

among

those

enterprises services

to

48

Table

AREA

6,

(cont'

OF

d o)

CONCERN

INDICATOR

Family role effects women participating tourism

DATA

on in

Women's making

ELEMENTS

share and HH

of HH decisionincome

Preve!enceof with hired companions

tourists female

Citizen's perception of the prevalence of tourists with female companions

Cumulative

fertility

_imulativefertility participating in to

Age

at

marriage

overall

Family

c_Lmulative

Average age participating to overall marriage

planning

Percent

of tourism

of women

women compared

fertility

at marriage in tourism average

hired

of women compared

age

at

practicing

family planning among women participating in tourism Compared to overall percent of women practicing family planning Effects

on

attitudes

Attitudes

towards

women's roles, behavior. Political participation

Participation citizenry promotion Freedom

of

in

of

the

local

tourism

political

Cleanliness drive

dissent

of

Frequency political

and the

marriage9

population

beautification

community

and quality of opposition in elections

Political dissent among workers Cog. boatmen Political placed by EnviroD_ment

Degree

Other

of

water

among those facilities

The highest set of standards that the water meets

pollution

Concentration of yard raisers who and restaurants

Infrastructure

Beautification clealiness

dissent tourist

Description services and

of

tourism

dis-

suitability body of

polluting cater to

roads

and

backhotels

other

Description of the components of the local drive for beautification and cleanliness.

49

ANALYSIS

OF

IMPACT

Income

Income Which

oQnstitute

industry sold of

of

around

I-O

the

the

the

demand

shows

added

an

Pagsanjano

We

thus

_12

in

1978.

million

cost

the

in

1978

outputs

and

other

of

themselves.

This

is

of

their

The

commerce

validity

not

of

in

resulting

The

coefficients

would

addition

large

have

Because

by

the

the

results the

been tSe

of

inventory

12

of

i0

if

that

from

the

industry.

was

.99. was

food

restaurants the

described

industries

value

there

of

validity

had

Table

the

tourism

town

they

terms

indicates

shows

in

and

neighboring

valid

9

in

industry

the

matrix

industry.

local

fact

on

industry

Table

resulting

hotels

modifications

more

Table

chiefly

the

depends

•

expenditures

economy0

P_{,

restaurant

industry

tourism

to the

from

economy.

the

and

tourism

tourism

tourist

because

from

by

of

seven-sector

Table

the•local

local

the

sectors

sectors

ef

whole

services.

various

peso

hotel

tourism

coefficients.

the

these

coefficients

survey°

tourism

supplies

I-O

an actual

Pagsanjan

for

in

the

Pagsanjan

produced

every

_.99

and

most

the

industrial

for

manufactures

purchase

the

revenues

the

8 shows

for

inverse

gross of

that

Table

the

multiplier

that

effect

of

services of

the

indicates

of

the

revenues

assume

to produce

matrix

induced

income

structure

7 shows

the

estimated

needed

goods

the

In This

of

for

for

Table half

inputs

demand ii

about

coefficients

present of

Multiplier.

resorts Santa

of

Cruz.

the

above°

resulted existing

from in

50

TABLE GROSS

REVENUE

OF

7

PRH,

1975-1979

PERIOD GROSS

1975

_

1976

REVENUE

1,363,778.40 2,970,099.00

1977

4,013,265.00 First Second

6 months 6 months

_

I_565,76So00

_ 2,447_497.00

1978

_ 5,685,328.00 First Second Third Fourth

quarter quarter quarter quarter

V

1,453_891.00

_

1,050,028.00

_ i_942,889째00 _

1,238,521.00

1979

_ First Second Third Fourth

Source:

quarter quarter quarter quarter

P_i

Quarterly

5,839,359.00

_ 1,664r474_00 _

1,252,751.00

_

1,301,734.00

Y 1,620,400.00

Performance

Report

Submitted

to

the

PTA.

TABLE

MATRIX

OF

INPUT

1 and

_anufactures

8

COEFFICIENTS,

2

PAGSANJ;_,

3

19_8

4

5

7

i.

Food

.137056

,021107

_

.026637

.164568

.007637

2. 3. 4.

Other Manufactures Utilities Transportation and

.020587 .001697

.240529 °006160

.241990 .058205

.168282 .003526

.035005 01501S _

.075943 .049746

°047446 °023799

5. 6. 7.

Communication Commerce Hotels and Restaurants Business and other

015123 .084375 .000792

.0_o ..... 6 .051090 .001223

030221 .101789 .004529

.092_342 .055523 _004026

.03:7784 ,048036 .006812

,Q35105 .0H4253 .011665

.026464 °023_96 .003959

.002280

.013095

.022477

.013258

.018618

,033599

°031476

.26191

.36167

.459211

.363694

.161273

.454879

.164377

.483792

.267237

.079229

°035793

.0[8647

.141237

.019171

.066289

.093929

.108471

.21_049

.216411

.166128

.595288

.023303 .164705

_077456 .199707

.031591 .321498

.080252 .306212

.071056 .532614

.037373 .200381

.031184 .19005_

.738089

•638329

.540789

.636305

.838728

.545048

.835697

1.000000

1.000000

1.000000

1.000000

1.000000

Services Subtotal

8. 9.

Imports Compensation

to

iO.

Employees Indirect Taxes

ii.

Subsidies Other Value

Less

f_ded

Subtotal

TOTAL

INPUTS

(See Annex

_

6

D for

previous

steps

in

the

construction

of

this

matrix.)

1.000000

1.000000

52 TABLE INPUTS

OF ALL

FACTORS

INTO

INPUT

9

PAGSANJAN

RESORT

VALUE

TOURISM,

1978

PERCenTAGE

SHAP_

(In millionpesos) Locally produced and services

goods

ImporÂŁs compensation Indirect subsidies Other

to

taxes

employees

5..46

45.49

1.7

14.12

2.0

16.61

less .44

value

added

2.4 TOTAL

Source:

MOT

and

Table

OF

TOURIST

BY

EXPECTED

1.72 .68

Transportation

and

Communication

Commerce

All

REQUIREMENTS

2.34

utilities

Business

OUTPUT pesos)

OUTPUT

Manufactures

Hotels

i0

EXPENDITURES ON SECTOR (In million

Manufactures

Other

i00.00

8.

SECTOR

Food

20.04

12o00

TABLE EFFECT

3.74

.64 1.48

and

Restaurants

and

Sectors

other

Services

11.98 ._8 19.32

TABLE MATP_X

-

Food other

1

manufacturing mmnufacturing

utilities Transportation Con_unication

Other

and

restaurants

services

II_I%SE

COEFFICIENTS

2

3

4

5

6

7

1.161101

.034812

o012884

.041951

.004818

.198969

6024235

,044076

1.336720

째361724

.256575

4067.730

.146000

.083977

.0_4440

o010906

1o0677815

.008097

.018526

.058132

.027718

_025601

o0468_0

.054131

1.115211

.047936

째055501

,035695

,107557

.079463

,139233

_0_,ii0

1o080545

.001875

.002553

.00664

,005596

.007683

.005915

째020666

.033349

.020838

.022_0

and

_ommerce Hotels

OF

i!

_l_J ..... 1.013666 .042132

' :"

_

o00,%789 1,035669

54

TABLE EFFECT

OF PAGSANJAN

RESORT

12 TOURISM

(In million

L

,,

.36

Transportation

and

communication

Commerce

All

f

1.08

Utilities

Other

SECTOR

i. 72

.manufactures

Hotels

BY

.40 1.24

and

restaurants

services sectors

,

TOTALGDP nT FAtTo_COST

manufactures

Other

GDP

_

s_c_R Food

ON

pesos)

6.52 _40 ii. 72

55

Pagsanjan

comes

Pagsanjan

excludes

pzoducezs

_o

of

the

the

aupply

m_nufactur_s town

from

of

santa

backyard

their

which

on

pRH

mUniciL>ality

tourism

boom

the

Cavinti.

%_he result

of

Pagsanjan

increased

was

and

of

in

growth

originally of

inco_

observed

which

The

more in

survey

the

not

on

absolute

to

the

the • fore_

fact we

important

can

of

the

and

deal

i-O

camote

Included_

g_eat

where

tnhle

the

for

top

however,

from

13

and

shows

are

food

neighboring

ten

median

years

_uni_,ipali£i_%s suggests

area

of

a_ea

the

that

Sonta

the

in

before