Diabetes

Dr. Ramรณn Gelabert

LIFESTYLE

Diabetes Prevention and Treatment

A detailed explanation of this condition is given, including its definition, types of diabetes, causes, symptoms, as well as short-term and long-term complications.

Contents 10

Diabetes

Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Types of Diabetes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Causes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Symptoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Analysis of Sugar in the Urine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Analysis of Glycosylated Hemoglobin . . . . . . . . . 19 Self-analysis of Sugar in the Blood . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Short-term Complications of Diabetes . . . . . . . . . 22 Long-term Complications of Diabetes . . . . . . . . . 23 Diabetes in Pregnancy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 How to Prevent and Confront DM2 and Its Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Prognosis and Complications of Diabetes . . . . . . 27 The Diabetic Person’s Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Scientific and Natural Treatments

32

6

Dietotherapy

The Diet in Diabetes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 The Food Pyramid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 The Ovo-lacto Vegetarian Pyramid. . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Recommended Foods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Grains and Tubers (Group 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Vegetables (Group 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Fruits (Group 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Fats and Oils (Group 4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Legumes (Group 5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Nuts and Seeds (Group 6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Milk Products (Group 7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Foods Whose Amount Should Be Reduced . . . . . 54 Cheese (Group 8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Eggs (Group 9). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Foods That Should Be Eliminated . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Food Supplements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Dietary Fiber and GLP-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 A Diet Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 A Diet Plan of 2000 Calories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Recipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Dr. Ramón Gelabert’s work provides appropiate orientation on this condition through clear, complete, and direct advice.

106

112 116 118

Phytotherapy

Ways to Prepare Herbal Teas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Hypoglycemic Tea I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Hypoglycemic Tea II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Hypoglycemic Tea III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Hypoglycemic Tea IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Hypoglycemic Tea V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Hypoglycemic Tea VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Hypoglycemic Tea VII. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Hypoglycemic Tea VIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Artichoke Cynara scolymus

Physiotherapy

Physical Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

Hydrotherapy

Hydrotherapy Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117

Medication

Oral Antidiabetic Drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Choice of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in DM2 . . . . 120 Association of Insulin and Oral Antidiabetic Drugs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Types of Oral Antidiabetic Drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Insulin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Criteria for Taking Insulin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Insulin Injection Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 Types of Insulin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Equipment for the Administration of Insulin . . . . 127 Technique of Injecting Insulin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Insulin Dosage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Guidelines for Insulin Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Conservation of Insulin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Bibliographic References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Symbols and Abbreviations Used . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Glossary of Medical Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 General Alphabetical Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Diseases and Symptoms Mentioned, in Alphabetical Order. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

7

20

Of course, important recommendations on the special care that patients suffering from diabetes must follow are also given.

DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

SELF-ANALYSIS OF SUGAR IN THE BLOOD

a This is an analysis that only requires triga with le need a yet, r lancet or bette deger, a test strip and a small electronic the vice (glucose meter) to measure can amount of glucose in the blood (they TMENT N AND TREA TIOly N supp VE ical RE med or P es maci . be found in phar DIABETES . licity, stores). Because of its technical simp trigger DM1 n a c following so d n a this ncreas. The a the individual with diabetes can do p e th to tes: Damage by himself (self-analysis). leash diabe n u ann a c inthe s on nd se depe a dise on of the p 1. Frequency. This will ti a m m a fl In rols tis. dications from the physician who cont 3 Pancreati ENTeline, the ATM AND TRE guid ION ral ENT gene a REV As P . etes.

S diab disease IABETE Dthe creas. wide-spread is h T s. si following criteria could be applied: ro 3 Cystic fib se • DM1: In DM1, the numbers of gluco e pancreas. l), affect th un mea day tio miduc (the lunch od , tr m kfast In brea fro n n a from ow tly c ssive accum kn grea e uate en c fluct be x s E ha . at in the blood can th is s se ea to dis a s iser. supp Diaborete amage ch thema r ro tio Henemdofo en 3gluone day to the next. Doing a self-analyit isnsmof body can d ver, we e Ho th . uatio ial fluct the or , in DM2 em In : m n DM2 im • o e d sed ir tim sulin. of an n er ilo sis allows this variability to be asses theinph latisooph y by DM1 t produce in nturless than a ceare st d th fir bloo e s the th ll cose e in e c (ditim c sures st es ti mea fir o cus rea oc and to adjust therapeutic ncreas. pan the more ppadselfCadaily of do e rnpame thiae wh mo eus to ssary th de eta nece as Ar f not is o it an so ici ter l ys a ph v k o ee h,” Gr et and insulin). n rth ru al rem placed in the device befores, the strip is “to3one icug cient eans gro suffi bem u wou rdin DM1 depends on the e wo S They whldich co yses. s” re anal al ete ic iab the individ“d Clin rd . p of ency th lol pricks himself. g’s sy The frequ an1titiwesill deveua quM ngregatbealter tesnatin week per days in elim,ina toethree at sh th D folis u e: se that t ea C men dis • Ag treat . in th s insul • of e se e Th type lik ea g e dis n pu is a nc th day in tu h midto re: — c (the es h es nc ro abet124). kfast,ntlunc 1N,dipage forethbrea onantl h 3 An uries, refere (Type l glands p orem DMd1 (see 3lowe Hth INSULI neaar . In e later ce re ine d tis ur a ve ep sis e ele : Th th lly til ua h er. us un ea wh d itings meal), ordsupp nt). s:It There exists a deeline epen e, in whic re will id sulin-d guid sive rmisoneers eathne punc3 Inten t foun e:in medical wr ode dro ma phers and uctu ro be h som e ilo oles-so sev- are2.no st ph admia, rubb niqu st or Tech h ed ate cy d ntly gre ge an e n inf th m glyce la in of s hypo g e of ter risk begin tooSina with gauzth grea aryan y when on s and rub the finge ce, Ibn uitin rs uan e esop drsi akited peo-se are ce•ntur Pe h Shake the handus of e ano ic th tis , 0% h rld 5-1 gluco w t wo the of ou lim ents in Ab surem , (al M e. mea cohol, hydrogengrowth h r-eptic en cenc alyns of the regice fingearld ician to the n physto croasmAv make the blood flowCh wo r from f the peroxide, et c.). ffe tia su ris s ss neora te day. y be 3 ever the Sit dia ired x in e: th requ n e d ow ple wi re din an ceGe ), kn lly, thfe in n alanpr s fali -1037 e lly the place whe c 80 ind usua su (9 u is h ivi his whic du tips, ro tes o p icks main be three n dia o e sid duction ctith Befo uDM isio.n about Diabetes. Intro 1.re every one of the th pr e ofD ks witure osehimthseelf aon eapunc . done p is ec sp thM , p e2 na tip o e). the of icin e the ed the n re g M on befo o of is, –n in n that es m v fingers the2day, Cano ofpe diabet mea f hathe nail). (bes b (The oide Tibhand 2ls(Ty un fi als. anWash 3 DM the thee risk s Al-Q ene: is eou Hygi • m nin l. re e mea e th each of to nth le 3 prior ge Th s, tion idd It injec in -dependent). prick: If he is using insul thu -em un etilfreth nts: sulin itf wa ume in only a lancet, test ar ve are we Prep iasbeno dinstr o each r op r the n•t Ho mr,sthe aftepe s cts aude Bernard he pricks himself in the to oldeof p Cl le one s , u Two hour m ou te sy ti fam e only e p e th used fe u are af ap at les q y th chosen area. r e need e y fr The erall ur le. at nt st e Need 3 ce o gr , th m This rst en e day. te eased thir h If he is using a ls ofTthe any lism t bo three mainarmea esethidge e m. eta ca toofmcas bu Turn rtr on wite,hprm s of age. Abou p idg ofa th cartr rch lf ioln, incr in d y ea m n at place res se y is n ess the • It A . it his S ri . once than 40 yeent n u ss t ts ow lo n idua n kn e t indiv e u the h se ad s ing m ig allowoldqer than tto be re e n p es w to , lin measurem op ma y d ke e ide ll ke gu an ta gu a th e o .n o t first st theD M1 usu orthto e adju idge to ddoct anlyd fati hythe ecartr dial ess isthlea -95%of pe le w Th 90 tothe • on s.goof akndiuate thoda:t prdick Collecting is eadeq drs ate s to m bo d th se to know if the body to u e e ba blo p t th rt en e m ve er The . al atm h ha able sy advis istet who ided ic tre can wmm ageose die h desir rhet s ofgluc deptat fo tom rsedusp(3 yearthe insthe 20 earm clno symp2. ry eviden3ticDrop of blood. For the an prov vethe givden using e. andept one—tthhe ivlittle ss h; low calor2 ce in pee a blood test x d ate ty e indic re m is es bers . fro num rat d r low yd o ffe oh extot abe su lo M rb b es correct, a minimum etl. e of ca dalynsis hav ab in D beod e lue riblo c rtriinctithon res mea sc la of ga e e the p d su nc of f the of o re h inf a e dept n t ter th is nece io a grea e, er, at tim high th e tr se s thos n sam m ce : e th bedn feet th sa at to ry. the tion At co on t. nder.

Ge re the insulin injec sym • u What to put Befo y .those at of the die is su allnt fficie be3ptes Onaendrdop usu ofe dia re mensome valuepunc iginTh a . or cts ture) e fe th af on lly If t life a ua ther dr n ary whe Eq op e nt cts of blood does noof diab etes . This dete time1: ity and a sede nding on the typeth ofe most frequ obes • Socks: 3 DM 3 Test strips. Depe th to thmethoenroseott t come out, en ssary pr nece n. is ess n me it actio . tic wo ledshould be placed in the ssociate d w hfro d apeu ther ea an n.in ber,rev of the finger line orqu uld l fre wo on, woo cott strip a the t mete 3 Material:main en re (n of a ear thee 1 re of the levels ): kle) with the ha n morols kn 8 uc It iscont g a 3 DM2:tain p strip the ing n soak o andd, in it esthe mak meter before or after e dit duri red ng t colo bloo (continues thesinc 3 Color: ligh osen. in d to urinate congluc e e n the wome rs, t mete r n olde e the u With d. with bloo freq hen the t.wou nigh ople. whose famisee s: Pends t the More easier• toGe netic to elf thaget edfehims (polyuria). W n s o idual prick e indiv ti ti c ti high a is n e a Ther s: in dia u eline q of l guid a the strip and placed it in great nale first entio level vired 3 Conv e blood is Asoak out seams.afectiobloo . th vet,th s and with ha n in lies tigh rs r a a d, e 3 Loose, not g y two of su al in of hypoglyce the kidVirOnce p to lessers risk risk.mia. d uthe With centration fferer for measurement. bete are at higher 0 mmol/l]), nthesumete day is sufficient, alternating befo mg/dl [8.8-1 cells of the y hareve bee

•

G P S

•

•

•

ma (160-180 y the beta • Risk factors.

Are can destro .fo ducers ight ro p we er n ov e li d b ! an su ion ity ent es Att 3 Ob are the in MI) hig ncr reas that pahe body mass index (B l ideaid of th . eAvo 20%cold the 27 (1 thatfor Wear boots as d ifie nt , etc. idetles been has er ight)wat bot heaters andwehot OCTOR one who me so r fo r E to fac H k tact with the riscon T a skin O T that come in s diabetes.

OrefoO IABETES T N that couldAVE E es plac H the ha re, the and ofOU gesta e there is theerrisk R t asse of the feet3 sinc HEbes ETbe ssed.

Pregnancy can trigg Hcan rub or ss W pre n O me wo N TO nal diabetes in causing a bur tion. be uld having it.

Adaptation to new shoes sho with predisposed to nds tbeid wou done slowly to avoco st, • Frequency: me eviden e b eased thir s e th m of to . % mpbing d with incr g syrub te in of a se w 3 DM1: affects 0.2 ci cau o o ll ss a fo te .

When the d to urina world population quent nee e fr f weight, o re blood e ss o th lo of m % • d with l ask for a il te w a . r e ci 3 DM2: affects 3.6 o o m ct ss ti o a e m ed . It reache • s fatigue at the sa !ring from diabetes, ilthl have these numbers ion world population symptomsAttent e e th ff ll a su pr w po is o e r th • ga at a person between 10-15% of sis, the su naly cose,ol/l). dngaed , be certain th oefo into the glu locha of ageTo b s ar e m ye is ot. n 65 m ti eat bar er k u l).

(6 we ov wal l d n ro not • Do ulatio g/d Thise afoo t since glu- mg/dl (7.8 mmol/ vedy11ne0edm, bu brobo 80. test. When itwhat thefacel ou a er of 0 ov g ls e 4 os in 1 th ch st n of bea a % lp the on esis cel er rubber tra r th sho and 20 ut the he aftar heho ls wit • iaWe hig teethe penne no y tim can • Glycem coseke att a t produce no n es do eas ta ncr pa ia l. the whenpoo ulin,the of insat • Glycem and betes. dia m: ble pro ea , we hav insulin gh san enouid and open shoes. dals • Avo

10

16

W

K

G W

D Y

H

D

Re wil blo sho one ABB

• S b d p • T o iz al tri

There are scientific treatments against diabetes that can be combined with natural remedies in order to obtain better results.

DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

DIABETES IN PREGNANCY

ks. A valIABEwee TES. P thirty-two to thirty-foDur REVE N AND T equNalTIOor d bloo REATME the in ue of glucose NT ol/l) mm (7.8 dl greater than 140 mg/ or without respect to the time of day that ns the time of the last meal mea THE DIA the risk of the pregnant woman has BETIC P The fee ERSON nal diabetes. t of the diab having gest DIABatio ETES. PREVENT sitiv e ’S FEET tic are e ION AND e TR tose oEAin and sp TM gluc e EN of ju c T 100g ia of r y lly senby neu • An overload should b ropathy e looafemia ked at d so they lighglyc the determination of the aily wit t. It is n h adequ ecessary sting inge r afte r hou ate magnif ng, to use a jurione ter fastiIn es of the ey ying gla mirror o e and aftessr to find ra mattrs, hou r two afte Ocu e the glucose, lar in r h a ny injury ow sma juries in diabet tionns of glucose it tin arell-re re in the blood, w maop o e ainespreg don is su catars. y batehy lt in ractThis s andtest three hou sin, ce it the sens hich n gl au u co lc m e a. c iti r o A ve bo u a ti ne ut ld n o rv 10 d es of the retina. llin 0% PREVENTION AND TREATMENT O’Su p (sethe with of o of lt ss th e DnMthe os ib whe G e 1 anresu le LO nancies Th d 60 ampin ju-red because uta thconf 136% eSSAwRYithOFDMM ). Lof ED2 of lack of oxyg ICAw suffe roto gicos L ill ineorde TERMS, pdefic from tive ally, ifirm is rposi som en van test a pe it a n g of dety of y nutrients due to tected, ocatio ar nal damin twentyayediag agjury inrthe fe le e theuld of gest s ng vascular nosi ars of iabetic e afte or rule out ha etm d iss. ovi ctor ath e di sh se o as e. u s ld so g D thin g o ia first e o be n don te be ld to a s EET shou s is F . It thHeopr Sy them p to m s: ossible. win THE DIABETIC PERSON’S diabetes thciepa ca Loss of visual usetpof y sl heigh in ad ts from blindness ou of ld bto acuity aFre afte •r -7 20 bl e indness. in the morulning w 4fast ye a ar s q s h u of e e ag d n e. : c A y 30 bo : % ut E 20 of v es valu e le e senga ry mor cially or • l espe blindn day.

Tem essera fourteen hours. Two he feet of the diabetic are all pregnant women deis tu attrib ab betic retinopathy [9winpg to dia- Kidne ofutth About 2-5% of idso they arerecons e le follo , 9 the w y damage ºF tive to injury by neuropathy than hi er ch ]) high r: tries is . coun estimated wtoate . In etes diab ational gest 40 p velo -5 affewctarm (37KºCidne 0% uate • adeq with of nal daily N at al atio ed l gest e th of s u os nosi hould be look tr diag e a y3 w be the a daW of to ho l 5% ered mitaghelior m, so ha apve . diabetes. Diabro ghdi abetes presents• Wash with a developed healthrsyste etkice nephropat or a t st presently theru ght. It is necessary to use a mirro a re s, that in up la tiv end g en : e bin : wom pr etes ris bci etic diab k diab in of of pa is, w cies g lo l nan ca ss preg h us tw no of y a en injur vision failure How rd. e of termin 3 Rub w ty times grea al kid magnifying glass to find any d te it pare th to com r h at th born o re new an c u the qu u of h t th t ire deat sc e the th s no ra with di could nal e it po tc ys di since 3 n be pu is ab h a la in or et * T il tio ic • emia im g a s Glyc n. tr : matter how small it may to Pe an e C op : sp u avoid in never g t an etes. The didabstr jury. le whose o over fi to 1.5% of women without uta-diab etaes ighha C avdl s ol/l) au t. pr (mm se o og esult in an ulcer and possible amp mg/ v C : id a re e In u n m ss or m so t di d ed new abetic re ftening them st inutes e than twen aty Time t the rate of congenital malformations in ra hyo, fth haeve thee sm blood vessel•s atDrying: tinopat levso ion (see GLOSSARY OF MEDICAL TERMS, page al.l naltoproblethe toe. yearsas m skin elmaes ty tational * -ges G** (pre th NDD hers thpe e mot ba ** m etic D e eof ADA ck diab s. to o s is A of born feet bo n th n 3 ut o e ey t W 30 e u -4 (th it se na 0% e 36). Logically, if any injury in the h th ) are affected by a soft, li reti- DM1 an e sides shof arpthoos e cw in women with 0-5% s from d 10% of th bje ofosthe n varie ht-cco e el105 )ncre to the evatg(5.78 ld go shou o will )ath ed (5.23 lo diab) etic • 95 theetes e a w ing il Im detected,diab ith Fast en d s. ll DM2 will sutsf tra plemen ow any tow - el fro m pregnancy to 10% the ne ng th duri ph ts e care a ro ical x : t med pa is th ti ble. se y. en.

3 Scisso Their relative risk doctor as soon as possi 190 (10.4n5)g injuries to 180 (10) during the 1 hour rs: with of kidn out be womldenbewith in shou ed:medical care wash a round How they not to w ie ) susp d the (9.08 out 165 rule e ) to r (8.53 nd so o orde 155 In u y. nd.

2 hours preg Every day. y:nanc 3 File: o • Frequenc is test that is, without lab es, f a , strok etes c light diab a With nal 3 rd atio gest (8) (37ºC of b 145 cion re of the water: warm oard.

Attentio 140 O W(7.8) • Temperatu 3 hours TO REVENT n! test.” done that is called “glucose overloadrubbing hard.

AND

•

•

H DM2

P

C

[99ºF]).

ONFRONT : cut the nails ria or consensus How crite osetoand *There is no uniform A N soft an D • Neutral IT An .overload of 50 g of gluc S ght • soap ent O d injuri Cut them strai • Cut and straight. es could at the international level at the pres MPLICATION eaSsily.

• Washing:the dete rmin atio n of the glyc emi a of come m coend the nosis as diag level of s same form the rent at diffe and since y. ore time injur • ching to avoid glucose has been N 3 Rub without scrat e v are e on nally cts r the natio r obje inter afte u r sharp pted hou use s acce one not e most Do The toe. . t the exist a to lc tes minu u m pow dries th 3 Time: never go over five is test der sinc . e skin t nails e of: thos sides of the ingested (O’Sullivan test): Thethe e it oo muc in n. ciatio avoid softening of the skin.

It ju Asso ha etes h and f r Diab s rica y be Ame . pt en The exce A: en sh **AD wom ow t nts: nan avors eme n preg Impl all th • on e at don pr • ac tic Data In etes in 35DDG g healthy habi spect th onal Diab • Drying: -60% : The as so of end allNati ded a roun ntycase ts preven e feet ors: with***N s of DM Sciss 2 low l thatthan 3twe towe(less e with red risk 21, rica. thoslight -colo to ule Ame and reduces its enedtsa the ap • pEa d States of 3 With a soft, Unite the tin of Grou g a ofoat reas, hepearanrce co ut le m co pl nd. m wou et to ipl soas not e prev ic no an at se, fttbe io to obe d ies matom not ns ba injur ingage, . la s of exist nc year any lu five ed 3 will allow se Fa di a et ts s n! : s, (s o Le ntio ee r Atte ss c D c u th IET d. ra ts, calan boar OT card of HERAPY, packs.

30 File: 3 % ily of fam the • th in ge e tos ta Hydrat 32 etable value seen. ous history of diabetes it l daily caloric in fats. exceeds the limit : After ).

If only one ta .eEa t polyun ic group wsa moiske 3 Fiber:diag an ethn astu ntion! ce eran hin intol an tu ragte 15 as d and not belonging to Atte nose ri g/ , dapve zing cre would be• A 1000 kcal. gply a v m o 3 th the W This id on all th ). and y at rub th ho nanc h le preg the a gr in v ose ai gluc more in ns to come with high prevalence of diabetes , g e ve ge e p th ta a m soft and injuries could bl e rt o es s fe m st (heels an ore et d 3 Sk M o is t u fr uietsrg after three suor imm ated th repe .e be twenbm lded shou and sole n-fte test or r iz in g loaw n min at test is done from twenty-four to d easily. ilk s) c . . e u r e n te 3 Ve am sho usually s and co geder tas.blsince week four etio oiulssitlyricd nancy, u ld n o be put nscipow eton ty-eight weeks into the preg • Never use talcu ou t betwee • mCo since oth hryinbm we nstat ntrol th since th e ur n at ed e n the to fa h w tt e ei e y rs rw gh ac a favo t t. and from t id h o is A muc ated s. e n too m e repe is skin ap s it , the es , a s, pr th dries kes it e e skop ria and some time more effectiv te s w k in ei in asier fo co ld g ght helps th toe g e way. Overw etdy bo r th e soto eight peuop ft aus injury.

DEX, page 14 e tth nd le t(a BMIinhi jugh heerin lin inea r ) ie sh ou efsu s ld t softore o lo out er rule se th toph tan w a , ei k gh 25 • Be e • Inspect the feet t (s un p ee la til they reach a no ysically active ce. BODY MASfSoIrNrmal weight (B cuts, cal- every day. Do ened areas, hemaatom day:as, moderate ph M I of walk, run, sw 18.5-25). ysical exercise im, ski, care fo for thirty min luses or cracks. arteries and r a garden. . . th utes e . he It ar is t. y th appl Walking in a e key to the he wash • Hydrate: Afterutes or ing, moderate or alth of the more each da in te y ns pr parts e ev the all rh ents DM2.3 O ythm for thirt walkon moisturizing cream ten minutes in ne way of carr y minying out this ex ls and soles). a moderate or inte (hee of th that rub the most e th ercise is to nse rhythm im ree main mea ls mediately afte of the day.

• D shou ld not mt sm crea o no Mois turiz ing r each one oke. , toes • the een D betw o put no be lly t usua co d ns erge um subm feet e the ng al havi • Avoid thecohol.

• Aes void it easie stressr. for since that mak Practice relaxa more than ten minutes and conscition exercises for e, efor ther skin to get soft and if necessary. entiously dry between the toes . place take to ies injur get could skin since otherwise, the

28

26

C

Nutrition is very important in the prevention and control of diabetes. The food pyramid help us understand what type of food we should consume more.

DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

Dietotherapy Vegetables (group 2)

Vegetables (see FOOD PYRAMID FOR AN OVO-LACTO VEGETARIAN DIET, page 35) are rich sources of vitamins, minerals and fiber.

People with diabetes can eat • Benefits: es is a disease in which diet control is the iabet to thea low kinds allrston even have treatment; it isThey thevegetables. e of of corne 2 in(type DM2 of soluble and calories, andshing fatsunlea the causeofand point thatcontent is ition, ispos pred y famil in a certa polysaccharides (complex fiber, apart from diabetes),soluble are that NT ity E obes M and eight AT overw E the TR due to in basically carbohydrate s that are especially ideal ON AND habits to incorrect eatingand be closely tied found todiabetes), phytominerals vitamins, and processed foods), in ad(foods rich in sugars, fats that particularly chemicals, ) 1 ical exercise. antioxidants phys of p ID dition to the lack rou ol oxidizare ubers (g ee FOOD PYRAM that contr radicals free er the neutralize hy and balanced diet allows prop A healt (s ge d tubers ETAR IAN DIET, pa body weight,damd, potentially bloo are the so ing of glucose inand s substances level the f of G o E e triglycerides -LACTO V ant food sourc and l stero chole of s levelthe body). ure, for aging blood press baund tes. rch, the diabe to most ab d ta relate is s h whic f of l o d—al in the•bloo 5-10 amount: Recommended dailydoes form rich e re a th d consist in not n s a tes e le with diabe of peopfor food The diet n sa e activmoderate m with ig adult an u servings d h e le with diaent of ent for th in eating “dietetic” food that is for peop is 5 servings compon minimum advisable The ity. . The diet diets ted plica com ecessary wing follo in betes or st o m re a icomplete, it is Nevertheless, s, 10. t d is food maximum thea widethevarie andde an of wha s. humty should inclu rains are for with g - forless d ia le o le d p needs5ofservfo o the o m h c e uate o si adeq p than a fr e and that b the palat er could eat s: W to ffhe pleasingapossible iet of grains are r people who su f insulin and er fab le for the d fi o d h d e n d W a o fo n e n. one not go over 10 itoshould m rch each ings ction but lo eciallyperso d. peop the aday, rich in sta carbohydrates le with dia-y et, but esp th cilitateprinc for oftheaifbdiet iples ey fabasic ose in12, The f e c es. Being c o lu n physical OR his g and si l servings m s s o in therap-isFinli tr te d o n e torecom n b o b ieactivity c u ta are D d that e fo n those as a s m 11 It wa ent are, in fact, the same s the prevbetes . n o li more ls eats he day in the a u example, For s tense. t u in a follow of do mended for any person who wants to he action d in 2004 carrie eople tubers or grains, fruit, of servings diet are tic p e diabe a , h of s n tives li objec The b ru diet. u hy g healt dy p e lon th ta o valery in norm p the t vegetables, t, favor like to that, e ce a legumes s e To assure a nutritional balan e ha a ic erland th etes who ate sw ju • e r a th g in cea scent adole iab l of su highcs.anproportion have . Sin growth of child be taken of dayand type 2 d ad better contro g/ren 5 it 5 nor, of be ste n the sh it tofewrhttawithi slimits rday, To maintain body ,athat carbohydrates itte bweig foeostdw yn’sfoage.

• g .12 ethe and yam n ls th a o 2 f s e tr o -1 s te m b 6 y e perso r n b for a. It ht weig thetubersof vegetables table afte oflp unt: dia isservings mal or accep am er serovnineggu he32blood ed dllayilyind icaoted oind e r a te d r that are the clos- uit: A num s adnsuga gsget bloo of in in bers d a ia v m r c n r To g e e e h 5 g are and p S ery s e it s m • th ly 1oglyc e should ate:be com .

• is n r Fruit e r a n raie d us lt w m im e eoyf emiav) andsvice p bletakto norm x (norm Thgeaten alcy ompossi re co cest ppro s a t m e a r d fo u ic n e th s a im b ju g l minr (A, e 3 in a a itthe c ral fruversa. r v in• Blu ity. The m anden tes vinit suga 80 kantly um drop tssudd u s fa a im ib f u h x avoid G tr t o a p eque n r v : g cons u o m : o ti s N S u e : Exp (hyp gro fit gs and thic ion to ey c TU B E Rrises s, 1-3 th emuc additerysical 3acBeneerv uAs•IN ydrabtele of , in7serving in g lyc e m sib cGaas One h•oglyc s at he Servings: S AhN Dasrathe e o lt ) th b a emia M rb s s il a (hyp l le R c k 6 G f p a e is ro o 0 o inPE R 10 duvctasried and ypss, it is posdies table C) andAm , e ende d u H y e a D d g (s N s in e tu le up make . s v that n e G foods in mia) the hase ings) erth imentasl ervings o RVIN of g and(0-3 proteglyce BN6 BaYnSdEany lack of 12. Nev pserth ges).(excessrvfats, shgisin habit eth pahave an 6at the servings and S ITIOify wron fr rgeoeatin P Omod aps w and MTo g 25 f n O vegetables le the okcal in • t , C e gous 2 a th G b 1 e in rv VIN with e R diet . s s E oton snhoot go over n tense. For ould a S mon a te , t s food E a fast L, abuse of is ta th IB fiber e D d it E io in ld in 0 g of s, s). pt m G OF carbohydrate 5 rgoauof ou proximately pyraof food pquin of antype ctivity sis keeextion but it sh hycsoicnasluam 5 riin ings eta ustump cons vegpcerta to aVwill nea m conly ie ore serv t, p a d O rr -l m n is e : o EGETABLES a L (see h b proteins v ts of e g 2 and ) indie fats a g o if z we u e , lu , o m is ICAL G UIDE H-3EALTH es(1(0 14 tha of b he PRACT in th Insthis 0 gTO serv)in(s ly 3BY gs grain , the dayreasfreus itthoer legumes )eae diet te a le p z plan G im 100 o PER in AND m ERVING x S ded a h OMPOSITION C inclu be .5 x ro ld e p s that shou dbelecs or a hig cate is apfood 00 g (3 U R E D Btes.

Y id the m is 1for rs, ohfave atiboen of vegeta cosncaenndtrtu diabe b ersded aging manM EASthis page). on ORTION te s , P DIBLE men OFofEtu a recom r is that d g y in in h o ra rv U B E R S: e e b s T r th a D c like g N f in S A RAINmust keep in mind that a serving of One o rctioosne o r s e r v in g s o f p r ogplu table G 17 fe w e e 3 9). tg a a , e . p y d , e a G o b d is approximately 100 g (3.5 oz) t lo vegetables uld RVIN th ab rsbsehtoic bdeia s inSbE lue tu id t d o n n n e a o v s v e a Group 3 Pr rain gu the rsya:. The fl vicepvaeth ) reduce

D

40

Vegetables are foods that are beneficial for everyone since they are rich in vitamins, minerals and Oabove D Y all,Rideal for people with are, fiber, and they O AMI Adiabetes.

N VGarlic, artichokes, O LACT watercress,Donions, and OsugarEin the blood. carrots especially reduce

F O -

•

P

V

GETARI

AN

D

oup- 9 SrERV BYG (see table VEGETABLES: MEASURED Eggs (0-1 se rving) ING, page 41).

Exchange of servings: For example, one serving of tomato (one cup = 100 g [3.5 oz]) can be exchanged for one serving of Cheese ( onion (1 cup = 100 g [3.5 oz]) or for one serving of cucumber (1 cup = 100 g [3.5 oz]). In spite of the fact that tomatoes, as well as, onions or cucumbers, are different Nuts and se vegetables, by belonging to the same food group, one serving of any green or leafy

18 Fruit (5-8 ERVING nosides sk Fats an servings) vessels r who ri nthocya d (a o s lo ie b betes oOMPOSIT N BY S r r s. iaS ll e it O d I a u b 19 b e ERVING fr T m BY m ION I o s le S fr EGETABLE o e h r y PO athM of th o suffe ating w whG CpO reSti:no is posopVleIN frag ility fit from e s that it OF f E SPEeR ticER benePER nIBoL bUeB o ORTION ia ld ti u d a ate G suffer- DIBLE g o T AND r D ic e w in id d n it D o E rv in e v g e g y N a s F in n d e v r r f u A a O io d e o st h n e p rt S t it g of edible portion GRAIacNauAseNthDeyPEfaRvo1r 0tho0f thGe reptienr a1.00 g ofa-edibleHpoowbeersver, a reit juceicne to increase athsoenri, sknaturaper l fr u100 per serving tu yer r fr u entr s so la 5thgat re c fo d 1 r n o le r o la b fo o c u si F r c r e s s. la grains oth 5g 0.8-8 g the va carbohydrate g diabete the cellu longgwith s lood that the fr5om in1g5-2 b e take1n-3a(1)* increase . b e y ld th . e u g d in h o e 5 r T c sh a s g u 5-8 du 0g les ju0ic.5e-1 gts crease of sufats 0-1 g itamin C tessh fruit6, sug arMacronutrien s much re 3g e in at th tion of vcarboghoydf ra se remain g l). e u th a fr -4 c .1 0 ld u m g o 2 1.5 g 0 w 0.2-3 g proteins 80 kcal : 2 0-3 0 fats, or in juice (8 -13 g fr uit juice l 3 Usets m 6ntia) kca ja 0 r 2 o a -1 r s 0 a n kcal 25 9 te h t 10-30 kcal Energy utrie po inosrdica c l o (kcal) e conten rote als p(M om Macron com 50itkca -3u ulate th 0 fr lc n r 5 a e 2 l c lo p a e to ts ic sed 1 g of fa Bitter m sub-trop that is u That is, goumrbder is al and itvete ic rarge nu b of diets. p n o d a o l) tr n ti e a ca ra th In (k A aa, rep e hpin Energy karaevseilsa(1) is tustbeArssia in ,thC da obwerninapsarenthgraSin n ane k s th ines, m u u p o n ip e il f h * T in logtoin bers. esia, the Ph a serv n r e w p o ts r of fag and tu don Group 1 ribbean.

Grains and f grainisstan, In d the Ca cservin tubers (6-1 The prep dgiao, Pak aration o Africa an Benefits: The a 2 servings) f the food tribution 3 bitgroups w obliges ith les of the

en arnedtino

•

V

:C 100

E

P

S

tion of insoluble fiber: - Excessive loss of vita mins and minerals through the excessive consumption of bran (mo re than 50 g a day).

- Stomach cramps, disc omfort, diarrhea and gas: To avoid these discomforts, the consumption of insolub le fiber should be increased gra dually.

e

57 T N AND TREATMEN

DIABETES. PREVENTIO

up 6)

Nuts and seeds (gro

R e FOOD PYRAM ID FO Nuts and seeds (se page 35) VEG ETAR IAN DIET, AN OVO -LACTO s and ts, protein, vitamin provide vegetable fa Fats and oils (group 4) minerals.

Unsaturated fats (monounsaturated and t • Benefits: eir abundant conten polyunsaturated, see table FATS AND OILS3: Nuts: Because of th ne ag m c, e B group, zin MEASURED BY SERVING, page 47) are essential in vitamins in th ty fat d te ra and polyunsatu r for human nutrition. However, it is recom- sium, calcium tly recommended fo acids, they are grea , TS EN mended that the consumption of saturated EM SUPPL 63 with diabetes (see le op pe fats be reduced as is explained in this PRACTIpage 61). s, CAL GUIDE TO HEALTH in the section FOODS saturated fatty acid Seeds: Rich in un 27 3 WHOSE AMOUNT SHOULD BE REDUCED (page set of DM2. they prevent the on ount: 0-3 58). mended daily am m co Re Benefits: Oils from seeds (sunflower,•23 rvings for an adult with moderate activse d grape seeds), corn and olive that are rich ity. It is not ne cessary to eat nuts an s and in unsaturated fatty acids prevent the on- seeds every day as it is to eat grain advisis It s. set of DM2.24 Moderate consumption of tubers, vegetables, fruit and fat e day on in these oils allow a better control of the lev- able not to go over 3 servings e. ns inte els of glucose in the blood of people with and 4, if physical activity is pleasant to eat and any of the of g in rv and seeds are very se ts ne Nu O : gs in nerals, proteins, diabetes.25 rv • Se s that make up the nuts and seeds give the human body vitamin insad,ditmiion , reduce chofood kcal um, calcium, and 10 esi -1 gn 90 ma ely at im ng diabetic people. group have approx ohylesterol, thus benefiti rb ca of g 5 2.

1and approximately ts and 2-3 g of prodrates, 8-10 g of fa D S EE DS : teins (se e N UTS AN ERVI NG AN D cells from COM POSITION BY S dying 40 DI BLE PORTION and increase PE R 100 G OF E the developmen t of on this page). new beta ce 41 Our bodies need to have oils and fats, but lls.

In addition, in these must come from vegetables and not studies with hufrom animals. For this reason, we recommend man pancreas in this Practical Guide to Health that the fats cells, GLP-1G slowed IN V downPE th R SER come from nuts, olive oil and other seeds.

OMPOSICIÓN e damage of diabet

DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

•

es the pancreas S: C OdNlengthened thtoe RbeTIan NUTS AND SEED LE life P IB D of O E th F e O ta G ce 0 lls 10

AND PER

50 •

Recommended daily amount: 4-7 servings, for an adult with moderate activity. The advisable minimum is 4 servings and the maximum is 7. Nevertheless, it is

. akres seexrv perts think rtion This m pe - ing po that it could op edayible en per 100 g of w th e for a possib 1-2.5 (2)* g • Re6-3 g ended da le cure for DM2. com 4m ily s te am ra g ou yd nt oh : 25 of fiber, inclu 8-1 carb -30 5 (9) g * ding at least 7g 2-6 7 possible that he could eat less than 4 servg of bl e so fiber and 28 fats (2.- 5)* g 2-3 lu g entsbut it should nutri This4-2 g nt is pr of insoluble fiber. acro M am9ou ings one day, not go over 7 ov id ed ns *k by co90 protei nsum -110in(10 for example: g, 0)* 75 kcal servings and 8, if his physical activity is in- 317 0-6 Five fruits a day, one fres h salad,lcu tense. ergy (kcal) slices of w En 3 lating

hole wi for ca usded ailln be brea ers thatgr and a dishdiets. T mb ofnu lent ils, or ion of ) are the average rat 2.5 pa d an pre 9 the (2, in ses ds anbldessee parenthe nuotsta ofTw g3 vin ser r po pe * The numbers in on ns tei s of pro heat bran (in g of legumwes. drates, fats and viner lurblser e fib content of carbohy g of proteinssope ), oneen lating -the amo tak cupforofca falcu 9 g of fats and 2.5 , be va beans tes ll an wi dra ds hy d tw see rbo d ca o an oranges (solu ts nu of is, 2 g of g vin ser r ble and inso ble fiber). lumber of 100 kcal pe ** The average nu diets.

• Dietary so of ion rat pa pre urces of kcal in the OMPOSITION

BY ERVING

FATS AND OILS: C S AND PER 100 G OF EDIBLE PORTION Macronutrients Energy (kcal)

per 100 g of edible portion

per serving

carbohydrates

0-6 g

0g

fats

10-100 g

5g

proteins

0-20 g

0g

64-900 kcal

45 kcal

and types of fiber.

3 Soluble fib er is formed by th e following com pounds: inulina, gum s, pectins and mucilages. u Dietary sources: Grai ns (oats, ba ley, corn), rlegumes (fav a beans, chickpeas (garbanzos), kidney beans, peas, pinto beans), fruit (apples, pears, pe aches, orange s), root vegetables (c arrots, beets), 3 Insoluble etc. fiber usually contains com pounds such as: cellulose , hem

Moreover, it includes an interesting diet plan and attractive recipes to helps us implement changes in our nutrition.

D TREATMENT

DIABETES. PREVENTION AN

2,000 KCAL DIET SUNDAY – 1st DAY (1.995

S.

KCAL)

BREAKFAST

ENT

PREVENTION AND TREATM

Food group

Amount

P

Energy 400 kcal

Food T LAN IE88) grains and tubers directions, page vegetable quesadillas (see (2 tortillas = 60 g) ings serv 2 9) ld vegetables tions, pages 88-8 at(20Sh g) ou corn or wheat tortillas (see direc Energy1⁄4Th serving of nt ou m A 1. vegetables onion 1 D(ay r ing ⁄2 cup = 125 g) pe ed 1 serv m su on C Be vegetables tomato sauce e isg) varius50 cup = eringgy(1⁄2we ⁄2 serv of 1en nt ou am ily da vegetables e Dieto Th 1 zucchini g) rent 1 50ffe = di ⁄2 cupof su(m ⁄2 serv e ing th m fro se lts su chee re d an pers pep 1 le ab sweet 45 g) ight, e, he 11⁄2 servings be(1in⁄2 gsliceags = fats and oils se tors, the most important Gruyère cheefac ml) 5 = ystsp. ph (1 e ing or serv 1 ity. The m ABLES ELP tiv ac l olive oil weight, and physica FUL pum 107 kcal ns co e th F r O te R ea gr T e H E IABETIC salt ical activity there is, th of S s ar ye A ILY OOD N fruits after fo.rty jam g) yogurt and peach TAKE energy even thou1⁄5gh (2estbsp = 30 n ,of serving tiotions ed.

Th us is ucts e gy 89) ta prod er bl page milk en es s direc ca les (see e n 3 th he is, lp g) e th 125 on = e r sugarless peach jam di cup de 4 ⁄ ( ab ol kcal etic person cont325 1 serving It can age, the amha- ve exto veeful rol his daily food atius illustrbe skimmed or low-fat yogurt will next give someho photocopies in intake (see tabl e m W e an tubers a purse or briefcas ilo e1 d and (k ns th grai us gy er kn en 3 ow of e if a person ea nt ho g) soy milk and cornflakes 1 75 ou w am m 5 cup = ⁄ e ( uc th ings h e serv he 2 ⁄ lat 2 so ts ca lcu n aw n ca w ea ay to ill t fil fro es ea mes pl l m ch legu in in ar a da square with a nu y (s ml) cornflakes without sug 300ed =um cupsns ⁄4 co (11ch makf kcal ee table 2). The diabetic pe beast ofbe ⁄4 servldings that sh11ou r so that he832 ea al) kc fo s, od rie bre r l lo gr ca Tota ca ou n s p hi ad d up the num soy milk n may maintain and thus be ab

AD

D

T

H ’ D

F

I

ber of serving le to control the perso trients. ingestion of ener the plan so that a (se e D IET gy and macronu its lim le ab on as re weight within CONDAAIBLYLEE NE TO T 1 RGY wh PLAN ACCOR DI NG o is rson NG SNACK* is page). If theFope -heMORNINu ID M od Grou SU MPTION on th t, ps gh mber of serving ei w er ov is es s consumed* et ab di 1 2 3 4 1. Grains and suffering from of kcal/ 5 6 7 8 nt ou am tu total energy r bers (6-12) se 9 10 11 12 les a th wi et total serving food groups** should follow a di 2. Vegetadble to s (5ry 10 ssa ) ce ne ul(5-be at 3.wo wh 80 Fruits an th s rie 8) alo kiloc thse(4-contrary, if ond oil 25 t, 4.anFadts an 7) maintain his weigh 5. Legume ea um ns co 60 ld ou sh s he (0, in 3) Energy Food group the person is too th 6. Nuts andloserie ener45 an what ss(0-tth Amedoun ca or lesser amount of 3) lo ki of nt ou am nWe need a greater r me te kcal 7. Milk produc 100 d 90 ea an l gr d t ca Foo ysi igh ph we d fruits e an 3) t, he(0-igh e,( ts s ag hiserv , d to pleon gy according to the ag eapsp ⁄ cup = 180 ml) pinrre epp)inof mangowo 8.1,5 100 Chee aya , papul mucest+kepul seings d , co (0-2) erefore,shawe Th . (jui ke do we rk wo tal we 9. s) 95 ity Eg rie kcal 91) gs tiv alo 60 ac page (0, loc l 1) tions (ki ica gy grains and tubers banana, orange (see direcand phys the amount of ener ⁄ serving (2 large biscuits 3

mind d. y day through our foo need to obtain ever whole wheat biscuits

3

4

4

or 3-4 small biscuits)

Total snack

150 kcal

100 100

Total energy * Each serving / day (kcal)** consumed is m * arked with an day, all the serv “X ” in the correspon in gs co . ast ns akf um ding food grou ed are added up ** The total energ It is subtracted from bre p and at the en for each food gr y/food group” d of the * Mid-morning snack: oup. is obtained by food group by multiplying the the correspondi the nu of mb lp er pu ng fro nu the m 300 kcal. the “total” of se of energy (kcal/ rving ed making shakes with mber ins om ***me It is rec Thnd e “total energy/d nta enough serving). Example: servings of fruit: s5ofx each co g 0 30 t ay ou ay /d ab al (kc kc ing al) 0 60 = igh is obtained from we 2,20 fruit. A mang ay gro /d oup. al tas kc ” 800 day. Bananas are richtheinsupo m of all the nu e, the2,wh ag of ay ars mb /d ye 2 al ole ers kc 8-1 0 fou en 60 nd in the “total 1, childr provitamin A for energy/food adolescent men, scent women, 4-8 years of d B vitamins.

ION ERGY CONSUMPT N E Y IL A D TO ING DIET PLAN ACCORD

74

Food Groups

an adole sium, ma children Tgn Aesi Lum E2 yBor tar of active women, seden age, women, adults n advanced age moderately active me

active men

Serving energy E ALUEnumber of servings IT TR U macro nuIV trients (g) 7-14 (kcal/serving) recommende carbohydrates d of kcal tubers 2 kcal fats % pr (2 ot ,000 kcal diet) ein ms s Gra 6-1 80 nts rie 2.

15 61% Vecro g 1,220 1 g genut tables 5-10 Ma 3g 25305 g 5-9 6-12 es (45-65%) 23% drat 3. Fr ohyui 5g carb ts 468 0 g 5-8 52 g 1.5 g 60 %) -35 516% (20 10 fats 4. Fats and oi 5-8 15 g 307 0 g 77 g ls 0100 g % 4-7 %) -20 (10 45 eins prot 58 1,9955 5. Legumes 0-4 Total kcal/day 0 g g 0g 0-3 6. Nu 100 47 13 g ts and seeds 2g 0-4 8g 100 0-3 0-3 7. Milk pr 2g oducts 9 g 2.

5g 0-4 95 0-3 12 g 0-38. Cheese 1.5 g 8g 0-3 100 03 9.

1 g Eg gs 0-2 7g 8g 0-2 0-1 100 1g 7g 0-1 8g 0-1 Food Groups

Grains and tubers Vegetables Fruits Fats and oils Legumes Nuts and seeds Milk products Cheese Eggs

5-10 4-8 4-6 4-6 0-3 0-3 0-2 0-2 0-1

Servings 6-12 1. Grains and

N

V

Tisanes are an excellent way to reduce blood sugar levels. A wide variety of tisanes and the way of preparing them is provided.

Phytotherapy r and he use of plants to cure or prevent mino m custo ional tradit a been has ses illnes s even seriou last the in ever, in the whole world since antiquity. How s interWaysindus igiou prest to pre try,par e her bal teas: decades, the pharmaceutical even He and rba rch l resea l tea edica s, pre biom of par rs ed bythe nal cente natio infusion as well DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT nizati conason by(WH inves decoct have O) ion , allo w ted the extraction of the World Health Orga ) in the act le asele omic meas well ntsecon of the pla nts to be dissolved siderable resources, (peopive of in erties wa prop c ter. peuti thera the of rch discovery and resea ly ionalTea tradit Inf usi those of on: many It in is an also eas and Hypoglycemic Herbal I ing an s, y wa plant y of obtain new 56 her bal s. tea from the types peutic virtue diabetes differe known for their theraIndications: 1 and nt par2.ts of n as a pla ly know nts suc s is hwide l plant as the leaves, The use of medicina the flowers, the Composition: of sugtips (upthe level perhigh parts ofs the very effective way to control plants, usually sufwho le bra peop nch in a) Plant used Amount erglycemies at the uppPart er ext ar in the blood (hyp rem of e of the plant,if wit inistr theh adm or wit even houation leaves 10 g (2,5 tbsp.*) t flowers or buds), fer from diab etes;Eucalyptus theicten requ ders is drug stem iabet s, ired, etc. the use Eucalyptus globulus insulin or oral antid mia Theoves proces thes level is thes of s impr follglyce owing: of medicinal plantGlucomanano rhizome 10 g (2 tbsp.*) dosa 1. the The of ction pla redu nt icant is placed in a conge which allows the signif tainer with a Amorphophallus konjak lid that fits and closes we of insulin or drugs.Bilberry/Blueberry ll. A leaves 10 g (5 tbsp.*) treat- teapot is al. effective in the most areide The plants thatVaccinium myrtillus as use l 2.H tiona ot tradi wa the ter tes, is poured over the plants. ment and control of diabe are those(20 g)The watertly disco sho uld2 vered Decoction: tablespoons recen be bel, ow boiling point. per 200 ml of water. much as those most ns inatio 3.N comb ext e the wher con tainerThen Boilbook for, the 5 minutes. add 1 tablespoon of fresh brewis clo that we present in this sed and the inthe as well fus as ion ined is expla allo s are wed to steep for of appropriate plant er’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or 1 teaspoon of dry ten to fiftee Medicinal plants, along with the in s.the home and the minute arenthem practical way to prep dietary treatment of brewer’s yeast (5 g). diabetes, can reduce the nee 4.F inally, theded. men liquid is strained into a cup recom d for taking medications therapeutic dosageAmount to and Eucalyptus to take: 3 cups a day.

Take it a half hour before even substitute for them in be drunk. some cases. By using least herbal teas Eucalyptus globulus great number of active elem the main meals with plenty of water (at 1-2, acups De coc tio n: It ents is a vigorous way to obtain can be extracted without cha Herbal Teas nging their proper ties n way an know her each time). bestbal and st tea easie the and fro are m still teas the mai al ntaining their chemical structur different parts of Herb e. s advanpla plant suc s. hThe as enor the mou roots, to prepare medicinal nts the bark, the does ge bra dosa nch the es, that is the s plant ber l ries, etc. tage of medicina in the The prec ever ces ision s is .asHow follow s: , not require absolute pro amo 1.

The the take pla to nt is placed in a panunts case of diabetes, it is advisable or con ated in tainindic er tha that t sbe can plant l useare d for boiling. (dose) of the medicina ICAL P RACT in this ter is pou that teas 2.C red ove herb al Tea Hypoglycemic the Herbal II oldarewagiven r the pla amount nt and the the rec ple, exam ipie for if, nt is since pla EALTH ced H TO on the fire.

UIDE G Indications: diabetes types 1 and 2. (more 3.Wshen ssive the wa ased is incre terexce boils, allolyw it to boil on Composition: of some of the plant idual Attention! indiv low the ), hea ated t indic for ge 5 dosa to the 15 le minutes. than doub The best way of taking me d so 4.F bloo the ina in r lly, the suga the dicinal plants is liqu id is strained into of decreasing Plant Partrisk used Amount runs the a cup to in the form of herbal tea a slight hybeaccid uce drunk. s. Nevertheless, ly prod entalThe rem could it ain that ing much liqu id is peo kept Artichoke leaves 20 g (5 tbsp.*) ple who are not able to prepare able. desir d for notrate is ige hrefr future use. herbal teas because of the Cynara scolymus poglycemia whic circumstances At first, the herbal tea sho of wo uld always be rk, travel, etc. can benefit Eucalyptus leaves by taking drunk hot. 30 g (7-8 tbsp.*) the plants in the form of capsules or Eucalyptus globulus drops. The capsules or drops are sold alGinkgo leaves 20 g (5 tbsp.*) ready prepared in pha

T

• •

•

• •

•

106

• •

Ginkgo biloba

Glucomanano

rhizome

20 g (2 tbsp.*)

Amorphophallus konjak

108

• •

Decoction: 2 tablespoons (20 g) per 200 ml of water. Boil for 5 minutes. Then add 1 tablespoon of fresh brewer’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or 1 teaspoon of dry brewer’s yeast (5 g).

Amount to take: 3 cups a day. Take it a half hour before the main meals with plenty of water (at least 1-2 cups each time).

* The exact amount is given in grams (g), and the approximation in tablespoons (tbsp). Leaves and flowers: 1 tbsp. = 4 g.

rmacies, parapharmacies, herbalists, etc . However, the capsules indicated are tho se that contain the medicinal plants the individual should take in the herbal tea.

Artichoke Cynara scolymus

1

Phytotherapy

bal Tea III Hypoglycemic Her types 1 and 2.

• •

Indications: diabetes Composition:

Plant Bilberry/Blueberry Vaccinium myrtillus

20 g (5 tbsp.*)

leaves

Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus globulus

20 g (2 tbsp.*)

root

Devil’s claw

bens Harpagophytum procum

Walnut

Juglans regia

10 g (2,5 tbsp.*)

leaves

10 g (2,5 tbsp.*)

g

leaves and flowerin tips**

Sage

Salvia officinalis

• •

Amount 20 g (5 tbsp.*)

Part used leaves and berries (fruit)

0 ml of water poons (2 0 g) per 20 les tab 2 n: io ct co De minutes.

50 g/l). Boil for 5 (10 tablespoons or half hour before cups a day. Take it a Amount to take: 3 the main meals.

Bilberry/Blueberry Vaccinium myrtillus

bal Tea IV Hypoglycemic Hertypes 1 and 2 and gestational diabetes.

tions: diabetes • TIndimcapo sition: Co EATMEN • ON AND TR TI N VE RE .P

DIABETES

Amount 10 g (2-3 tbsp.*)

Part used lb erbal buH

Tea V diabetes. ic gestational d m n e a c 2 ly d g n a o ypa Hcep types 1 Allium 25 g (2,5 tbsp.*) s: diabetes

Plant Onion

n

tio rhizome • haldolusicmakon ion: it s o p jak C d ves Amorp t udselea •hop Pt,aran fruit, roo el

Inanano Glucom Fenn Plant

Amount

) 25 g (4-5 tbsp.* sp.*) 10 g (2-3 tb

109

bulb ter (10 Onion 2 tablespoons (15 g) per 200 ml of wa 20 g (4-5 tbsp.*) : on cti pa .

Deco ce tes m inu Alliu il itfor 5 m fru l). Bo poons or 35-40 g/ ur before -5 tbsp.*) tables Anise to take: 3 cups a day. Take it a half ho g (4 av um nt is le ou 1-225cups Am Pimpinella an andleast es ots(at ter ro wa , of it y u nt fr ple th ain meals wi the men F nel f water e each timice). ulum vulgar r 2 00 ml o

Foeniculum vulgare

• •

g) pe tes. spoons (15 le b ta 2 for 5 minu : il n o o B ti . c l) o / c g e our before • D 0 tablespoons or 35-40a dtheayapp eimitatea half h k a T . rox (1 cups each (g)p,sand inegra : 3mscu given isto g.st 1-2 nt 4a tak p. t=le (a ct amoou tbs 1 r t rs: te we n a flo * The exaA u w and f ves m . Lea nty o ns (tbsp) ount in tablespoom am• eals with ple m=ain 10 g. e p.

1 tbs Roots: th 8.

S pages 136-13 OF MEDICAL TERM Y).

SARe tim ** See GLOS Foen

DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TREFennel

ATMENT

Foeniculum vulgare

Anise

isum

Pimpinella an

Hypoglycemic Herbal Te

• •

aV

Indications: diabetes types 1 and 2 and gestational diabet es.

Composition:

Plant Onion

Part used bulb

Anise

fruit

Allium cepa Pimpinella anisum

Amount

ca

Coccinia indi

10 g (2-3 tbsp.*) 20 g (4-5 tbsp.*)

Fennel

fruit, roots and leaves 25 g (4-5 tbsp I erbal Tea Vnd 2. Many stud.*)ies have H ic m e c gly potio the treatHycoc De s types 1 a ete n: 2 tab iabpo ffective in on : dles

Foeniculum vulgare

Anise Pimpinella anisum

• s (15 g) tions 20e0 ml of wa ica is icapo effect is inia indper (10 occg/l c t on • Intabedmles s a or lycemicter 35 th -40 ognu d ). te ypmi Bo h il ra for s st 5 It n o tes . d nt to take: 32cup tes. a s c lo rp ro • Amou diasbaeday su curh bef . Takdeicitaati o n f ho hal t of type 57, 58

e ore meinnmeals with pple the ma e rfofu lwamter ow nty a (at lea to st 1-2 r cup a s eac il h time).si m 59 . e id pam ion: Amount Composit

•

Part used

Plant ca Coccinia indi

leaves

00 t per cup (2 sit to w s and allo n the leave

Coc)cinia eadry plan indic of th

spoon (5 g ion: 1 table

sp.*)

10 g (2-3 tb

112

mes week or every ot her day if the indi vidu does not have di abetic neuropathy .

Schedule: 3 Practicing sports in environmental cond tions of moderat e heat and hum id ity preferable. In ho t seasons or clim ates d abetics should av oid the hours whe n th sun’s rays are the strongest.

3 In order to prac tice sports or phys ical ex ercise that require s a certain intens ity, i is advisable to allo w at least one ho ur to go by after eating.

Intensity: 3 Begin with stre tching in order to pre-

•

Physical exercise is another great secret that helps prevent and control diabetes. This section offers valuable advice on how to implement it to daily life.

Physiotherapy for the hysical exercise is one of the basic pillars ar exregul and uate Adeq tes. diabe of t treatmen in insul of ge dosa ercise will manage to decrease the DIA OF YPES T see 1, type in DM1 (diabetes mellitus can diet, er prop a with along and, BETES, page 11), tes mellidiabeetes even be enough to control it in DM2 (diab tus type 2). whether Physical activity is good, independent of has dihe if but not, or tes diabe has n perso a or not treatthe of part but n abetes, exercise is not an optio more feel to idual indiv the helps e ment. Staying activ y and optifit, and not only that, also to feel happ person has a when tial mistic, something that is essen ger peoyoun ng amo true cially diabetes. This is espe the inby ted accep not is it s time some use ple beca se disea a has he that dividual to realize day after day the , Thus life. his of rest the he must live with for se is added physical ailment that is typical of the disea important most to the mental ailment. However, the levels of the ol contr to thing is that exercise helps that thing some ht, weig ce redu to helps glucose and is extremely important in diabetes. physical Some people wrongly believe that doing going to or ming swim le, bicyc a g ridin exercise is just ing the clean , the gym. Not at all. Climbing stairs cutting n, garde the in ng house, going shopping, diggi , are tasks l usefu being to ion addit in the grass, etc., rtheless, Neve ity. activ ical phys of ples exam llent exce person with in this section, we suggest to you how a and what ise exerc of ntage adva diabetes can take medicaor food t abou taken be ld shou s precaution tion when doing exercise.

P

114

•

Those who suffe r fro what type of phys m diabetes should know ical exercise they sh This A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO HEALTH re ould do. commends what should be id eal, the degree of suffe always taking into account rin ple, the feet should g of the disease. For examnot be subjected to pressure in diabet excessive ic neuropathy.

y

Physiotherap

ATES ARBOHYDR

NTARY C E M E L P P U S INGESTION OFND PHYSICAL EXERCISE lement hydrate Supp A ise) tion of Carbo

rc Consump inning the exe g e b re fo e b (30 minutes nsity tes Exercise inte carbohydra ) f e o p g ty 5 d n -1 a 0 1 n fruit) (duratio f 1 piece of o d a re b f ) o 0 (5.5 (1 slice less than 10 uired walking or snack req Light: 1-2 h.: t n e m , le g p in p g No su inutes: jog tes n 100 (5.5) Less than 30 m a th re o is n m carbohydra n f te o , g g in 0 d ri -5 5 le 2 f fruit) bicyc 1-2 pieces o d n a d a re ) b 0 (5.5 (1 slice of less than 10 s rbohydrate 25-35 g of ca f fruit) nd 1 piece o a d a re b f Moderate ) o 0 -1 (1 slice 100-180 (5.5 – 1 hour: 30 minutes ired ming, r snack requ o im t n sw e , is m n le n p te No sup 6.5) running, 80-300 (10-1 1 g xercise Do not do e golf, bicyclin 0 (16.5) more than 30 ohydrates 50 g of carb 1 glass ce of fruit or ie p 1 d n a d a es of bre a yogurt) 0 (5.5) (2 slic lass of milk or g 1 r o e ic ju less than 10 it of fru tes f carbohydra o g 0 -5 5 2 h f fruit) Hig 1-2 pieces o d n a d a re ) : b -10 1-2 hours (1 slice of 100-180 (5.5 ey ck tes o h , is n n f carbohydra o g 5 football, te -1 0 1 , of fruit) ing e blood Glucose in th l/l) mg/dl (mmo

•

3

3

Hydrotherapy is also an important technique for controlling diabetes.

Hydrotherapy

Dr. Gelabert explains how we can make the

water ydrotherapy consists in treatment using and body the lizing revita of tive objec with the uces prod r wate maintaining health. Correctly applied, ases circua stimulation of the nervous system, incre ion of the react ic therm a ces indu , blood lation of the favors that skin, tones the muscles, etc.—everything ty. totali its in the restoration of the body tionally Hydrotherapy treatments that are tradi applicahot and cold nate alter etes diab in used ping, comtions to the abdomen by means of wrap applied are ts men treat e Thes ers. presses and show by reliated valid been r neve have but ly, empirical was study a ess, rthel able scientific research. Neve ising surpr uced prod that years done in the last few Medicine,63 results. The The New England Journal of the field in ns icatio one of the most prestigious publ n of hycatio appli the that of medicine, said in 1999 oved impr bly nota DM2 with le peop in y drotherap reand tes diabe the quality of life of those with hytion, addi in , ever how duce d their weig ht; s of blood drotherapy managed to reduce the level in by 1% oglob sugar by 13% and glycosylated hem n as icatio med or cise inde pend ent of diet, exer took they if or tions injec in insul had much if they effects oral antidiabetic medication. The beneficial days ten le tifiab quan dy of hydrotherapy were alrea t. men treat rapy othe hydr the after beginning

H

most of it.

116

Hydrotherapy treatment stim ulates the ner vous system and improves the circulation Water has powerful and cur of the blood. ative powers in treating diab etes. It is possible to conside the levels of sugar in the blo rably reduce od with complete baths for the whole body.

Hydrotherapy Technique

•

Complete bath of the wh ole body: 3Indications: Diabetic people who do not do rigorous activity and who do not maintain a constant weigh t, judging by the fact that they have a ten dency to be overweight. It stimulates the circulation

water should vary between 38°C (100°F) and 40°C (104°F), or 41° C (106°F) as a maximum. The water jets can also be alternated, first hot and the n cold, may even be done a couple of times, and end with cold water jets.

3T

117

118

Finally, the author explains the importance of medication in diabetes treatments, as oral anti-diabetics and insulin.

DIABETES. PREVENTION AND TRE

ATMENT

Medication

Choice of Oral Antidiab etic Drugs in DM2

The choice of an oral antidia betic medication for a person with DM 2 requires a trial time until the physician ver ifies which antidiabetic drug and what dosage best controls the glucose levels in the blood. exam Of iabetes is not an infectious disease like, for the many options, the most usual are: for ple, pneumonia or a urinary tract infection First option: metformin withcured is and taken is which a course of antibiotics 3 3IInd ndication: It is a drug tha intervention t is generally out anything more; neither is it a surgical we ll tolerated and the only a and ital hosp the in stay short thing that a after ved resol is that etes is a has been demonstrated is a decrea se in somewhat lengthy period of recovery. Diab tively but the risk of cardiovascular mo rtality in chronic disease that can be controlled effec in the case pe ople with diabetes ass not cured, and when insulin is required, as ociate d with adequate overweight. an ing follow of DM1, it is for life. Logically, ise pro-3 3T Tim ime of therapeutic trial: life style, that is, a healthy diet, a regular exerc If, after a peall the riod of ing follow , short in s, plant cinal medi g 2-3 months, the percentag gram, takin e of will , EALTH H TO UIDE glycosylated hemoglobin advice given in this PRACTICAL G (H bA in1c) (se e of nt amou the ly icant signif e allow a person to reduc ANALYS IS OF G LYCOSYLAT ED H EM OG LOmaximum sulin that must be injected or reduce to the BIN, page 19) is not 7% or n. less, then the catio the need to take oral antidiabetic medi next option should be cho is in) insul and s drug sen ic iabet .

Medication (oral antid Second option: -term short the ent prev to t men treat a not a cure but 3F irsstt alternative: metfo r- Fir , hype3 rmin and a complications of diab etes (hypoglycemia sul tions phonylurea plica com -term long glycemia, etc.) and the reach thisu Indication: It is use ful when the sin(retinopathy, neuropathy, etc.). In order to information gle -dr ug the rap the all have to ssary nece is it tive, objec y of me tfo rm in in maximum doses fails. about the medication that is taken. betteru Se condary effects: The gre In the case of DM2 (type 2 diabetes), the atest disn you you know how the antidiabetic medicatio advantage of this combin it atio nt n is that leme supp to ssary take works, when it is nece it pre sen ts a gre ate r risk diayour d of rolle cont hy po r bette the with insulin, etc.,

D

•

•

When natura control of ty then advise w taken. Howev that all drugs the human bo

glycem combin seconda drugs.

3Second a glitazone u Indicati combina of hypog

is it necbetes will be. In the case of DM1, not only how it use, you in essary to know the type of insul imvery also is it but etc., it, t works, when to injec It ions. nject self-i for ique techn the learn to portant BJECTIVES OF ONTR of ique techn the of OLLING LYC is essential to know the details it is with the insulin injection according to whether Normal Glycemia c informationGlycemia a syringe or with an insulin pen. All this (without diabetes) on. secti this in Optimal will be set out clearly and concisely HbA1c* (%) medicaLess than 6% Nevertheless, everything having to do with less than 6.5% type lines,Gly cemia mmol/l Less that 5.6 tion in diabetes, that is, dosage and guide 4.5-6 while fasting mg/dl Less than 100 80110 Glycemia mmol/l Less than 7.8 4.5-8 after meals*** mg/dl Less than 140 80-145

O

120

C

G

* See ANALYSIS OF GLYCOSY LATED HEMOGLOBIN (page 19). ** Numbers of HbA1c (gly cosylated hemoglobin), glyc emia while fasting er than those indicated in the table in the acceptabl e column is consid so the therapeutic plan tha t is being carried out mu st be reconsidered. *** 1-2 hours after eating.

ral treatntific and natu recogie sc g in w llo end fo ssible, we H, recomm n so far as po professionals. io TO HEALT at E ic D UI ed G m CTIC AL iabetic edical we, in this PRA e need for taking antid ication controlled by m th Even though ed m ce du ed re ne to so al er , ments in ord n diseases, like diabetes ai eate d with nize that cert ould b e tr

e sh cal exercis etic physi b ia d ti an ll. e l w r ora st drugs as n (insulin o tering it mu is f me dicatio in m ad f o eatment peethods begin the tr rugs controlle d rugs) and m d to n an e d h e W at ic cd be b e ind l antidiabeti tion of the function e reader will ra h ne cessarily o T . h it an w ci si y ph iora rdiproduc2, the deter s an extrao dically by a

SITES

Function of the ß cells,

CTION INSULIN INJE

EVOLUTION OF TYPE 2 (DM

2) DIABETES

100

%

Medication

Diagnosis of DM2

80

First: Diet and exercise

60

AND TREATMENT

0

Pre-diabetes

-10

OA failed begin insulin

Segundo: Antidiabéticos orales (AO) Single-drug therapy with OA

40

20

DIABETES. PREVENTION

Failure of diet and exercise begin oral antidiabetic drug s (OA)

Two AO

AO and insulin

Third: insulin

Diabetes 0 approximate time, yea

rs

10-20

cessary observation are ne The person ofally days 2-3h DM 2 usu tive, wit goes through 3 Single-drug therapy different phases wit g new changes. akin t are mtha re fo be Insulin Dosage doing of the dia h OA: At the toinn de nt ha re Pre-diabetes: Before the very diffe ything that sbeg e er ar gnosis of DM2, a ts ev s, en m ou vi ire dia ob qu gno is re sis it of DM2, As Insulin - drug is usually sin delin gleinOA ency of insu t a phge quare enough. aseanwit of diabetes, time of there is firs d th hoeutfre app sa nt do ith 3 Tw w . o pending on the type OA an : After a certain amou lin ici su sym ys in pto ph ms to a , e or of if nc ty the ta nt of ye exire st,spthe onsib of resis indili ividual nsfy is th time, the combination ctionti velopment, degree bys notjeide of two OA’s is ria isdoe ite them as signs of the dis cr on m m co t os usually necessary. eas e. In this phase, the abi action, etc. The m t. In y ap lity of su thelin betTh a er3 ressive adjustmencel In og r pr OA fo d and sinsulin: If the nu an es r in ro el er ls d to d syn ui size insulin is enough toettak Gthe trial an mbers of lin ha su ioen of in sug cr se l ar ca in the blood cannot be gi lo car io e ys of the ph phy e sio Th log ica conn general, l nee he ds 0% w so e co , lled, it wil indnt i- in uo us tro g of weight/day—6 vidual does notco l be necessary to add ins: onthe ntpto ne po m pre sen t o sym DM1: 0.4-0.6 IU /k tw ms . im of dia pper sulur insto the OA. n in- the ho te es. d 40% before subet person has not ea e before breakfast an th r : If, in he of • ot Thi kg an rd. d 70 Ins ulin an of Diabetes: The ability of ev io us (b as al ), spite of everything, individual te ly prthe beta cells deia ed On an average, an m ia the m dia be ce bet ly IU es rg is still not controlled, the 0 cre pe ase (2 hy s ay pro /d gre by ssiv IU d ely he 30 unt leas the symptoms uteesthat is ilun weight begins with acbet wilyl be treatment based erap typ ). ical of dia thon linuti Insusol ter supper appearr and on inaf ten. eauen IU 10 con ng d seq vi an ha t tas te kf af sul y in. all su fore brea (u . ly, its rn dia tte 0% gno pa sis.

—6 l The ay ca /d tim gi ht e lo bet io eig we phys g of w e the be- This whole evolut imitate then DM2: 0.2-0.3 IU /k prees -diato er.g of tri betes and DM2 proes ppnin be used ion is slow and usually sugin re caesn 10fo be thattak per % ly 40 in d el id an t gu 20 years from the beg e th said isrs of ver e y m var before breakfas So iable but can be around ten inning of mbe the diagnosis of diabet ed until the nueyea st g: ju st in o ad w rs (se is m llo es, depending on e fo se E e VAL e do UAT th th e E THE RISK OF HAVIN e Th ar b ld d u ne o ai G D w nt IAd r,are mai ow ooeve BET , pág n o.f11). Conventional guideline whether the control of glycemia has been thste, hbl ctESio he la je e inm of glucoseTin . r th /l) ol fo more or less effective. m d e -7 d (4 n dl • e g/ First. Diet and exercis s are re co anmdm126 md insulin.

3 One doe:seAt: the begin- Wh eferred site e. een 70 be ng lained sho e sidtw siv r es ye te beelo cc te or u la n exp su n o e d la d on nin p y termedatiahas ws how imporhtl of glycemia to m a k e a g of DM2, guidelng inexp an of nigels se inele do s for die lev t and e Si ghs: The to th u e. is n d tan g si he t e- the advice of a itt.is Ittoisfoll , m set up usow ed sirdise deerc st th in is as fro t per outerW b ebe kf are ha p ea w e u te br h e de ra proper T to at tsi a th con p ou tro lin s: l se m the su ttock y fr acting in levels of therapmeut ways aroe foundheto jection is ice pla t blood. thnan(diet and exercise) as set sug th etaror fingers ada di or inathe re one inod of so o e ns r Tw ar w tio te : . ca e n ho ifi e w m v5 m a ti le 2 m n do out in this PRACTICA e ribs (leis is not duoethto ful 1for peop e r b y a ce • be -enOral dia on aded. betw d below th and th th e be tic me dic aintain an acL- GUIDE TO HEALTH in order s btySec mavo segm oeus ho l). do w ati e ve lin on e navel an th a ag s su n n in of to o e e s m th ar id the deterio th a ye d en n n th 65 a u e, (OA th ro cis ): a er If re the a ex o sym g/dl ration of one’s health re m ptoms of diabetes areycemia (140 m me site. e arms g a free a sa th gl e and l f stro sa o th s nger medication or at lea ba in ea le s ab n ar no pt io t er con ce ct p tro p d. je lled u st, put off ste in wit r, ju h diet and exercise, wthe t have ificanothis doe of the oute years of ing mod ) but hotim /l] outcome as long as possibl ol then the physician[7usu n under 4 It is recommended that mak m m re ! .8 ild n o ch ti e, n in ally prescribes andutinthe day.

Att as to except any case, with the least uceh to raise rougho inwith ora od control th as m tre , atm edent ge ct sa je lon do e gin and l th go ant ys n in idia a betic med- short-term alwand gently: jectio ge). long is ly or plic e inns lin w thtio rmediatecom ations, or that they prese in ication. little nesuslo to change le dose of inteent , ld Ifbethdo ng xtou can formld Si esh u n , it er necessary e , w lo th te ep it the si sle mse to e in no case shou to lve f n g s m wit o in io h sa s the least gravity. go ct e ea re je fo ar th in in ch time, andon the contrary, on ea from one acting insulin be rp 2 tiIU 1r abso hy l o in n sa ce of io es ba n it se lg si ve d u do ha a b ad e ho re a - 3 IU, and onlyepon abetics w di oth e sits that in m os o o th t not the r fr fo e t d n ov y ab tt re e go n- g chan extra fa ified pey, so ge very diffe dany.alIn r ca n the person wakes rp- ld be abso me areas is id lin perglycemia (whe ou to bmeiod sh ng unsightl ost rapsu . m ed f lin rb o su in so a of re has not eaten in de is ab 1 IU tinsuglin s. The a lemthen is the si e in suepp in the morning and le ofth up ru way e en, nexter th m al, o d b ex a at e fi evious) and /l) th on is th hs, and urs immediately pr mg/dl (2.75 mmol ho pper thig e 50 u th y e er ev th r s, fo . ls a rm ea a hypof the a luteal are ia before m not se condary to is est is the g ce eds the desired glycem at w th o sl e th g the posally, at is produced durin guide. It will not be a th as ia m ed ce us gly be ld ou sh gle poglycemia). ents based on a sin night (nocturnal hy sible to make adjustm e th in r ga measurement of su 3 Two doses: to check ore breakfast) r de or blood. In morning dose (bef ne O u of rnoon or cation other in the afte whether the modifi an d an en effe cafternoon snack or the dosage has be night (before the iate insulin. It is supper) of intermed

•

•

•

130

s determine the The doctor will alway sage of insulin do medication and the rson needs to have that the diabetic pe sired r to maintain the de administered in orde It is necessary for diae blood. levels of glucose in th s of glucose so that they do er mb nu eir betics to control th not go too high.

Diabetes, prevention and treatment, a work that will help improve many people’s quality of life. Get it today!

ENT ION AND TREATM

DIABETES. PREVENT

s e c n e r e f e R c i h p Bibliogra

UDLÁCKOVÁ, KRAJCOVICOVÁ-K VICOVÁ, M.; HO AC AL V 9.

6). “No eviBABINSKÁ, K. (200 PELTONEN, M.; P.; LAZÍCEK, P.; , B A .; IKK weight M AR -P E ILANN tance in normal 1. LINDSTROM, J.; ; HEMIO, K.; e of insulin resis nc n, vol.

ON , J. G. de SS tio tri RIK E Nu ; of S. l N AA AUNOLA, EINANEN-KIUK European Journa K ”.

P.; ns , N ria NE ta KO ge AR ve H MANNELIN, HAMALAINEN, H.; DIABETES1 .(FPebruary), pp. 52-54.

HERANTA, A.; REVENTIO 45, no KSO, M.; LOU USITUU T.; N AND TR NIEMI, S.; LAA T. , LE AL V 007). “Position EANTM(2 IATIO UNDVALL, J.; EN T NVE IETETIC ASSOC RE D P S AN M.; PATURI, M.; S ETE RIC IAB ME D A .

SH 10 NI tion: Total diIN F cia J.; so , MILEHTO n Dietetic As ction ica du er re PA, M.; TUO ed Am in e ta th nutrius of “S ROUP (2006). icating food and TION STUDY G etes by lifestyle oach to commun ab pr di ap n Di2 et ica pe er ty of Am abetes . Journal of the in the incidence of the Finnish Di n information” , pp. up tio ly) w(Ju llo 7 fo . n: m tio no nú interven tion, vol. 107, ncet, vol. 368, cia La so e As Th . tic y” ete ud Prevention St . mino24a-1c,23 r), pp.1,673-1,679 id:2.

1,2 ; 9,548 (Novembe acids of p Amino acids aLIG .; KOEBNICK, C. J.; COLDITZ, .

M , M , FER MP ro in.s.O.; MOH re th eb TA S asic strucOSTERSON, J. E.; ). a 11. WEICKERT,teM 01 (20 .; tu M C. creatinine , . ra W OW , 2. HU, F. B.; MAN l IST ETT R lf ILL a-linolen J.; NAMSOLLECK, P.; : It is an org ON, C. G.; W J. acid: HOLST, ic 2 diabetes G.; LIU, S.; SOLOM SPRANGER, ; anic com pe erated fro N. ty , It of ICH a k is c OV ris id UD e a R th ; polyunsa (o pound t d H. , m the de an m , ITZ le HL e ty l OC g es na R a lif ur .; tuofrace FF, M -3). Food fibre terioratio “Diet, normally tere w England Jo leafyHO d al Ne ct e fa so pa Th tt n of crea ”. v “Im u y ). e en rc fi 05 g m lt e e (20 e ta s: .

H. re pp b F. b d le r), A. t o , R be s ra b , m FFE mellitus in wo (c y te gia g FEI P ab age, le ors “. Dieab with the ep , geto spiruJ.;lin relo en urine. Me the kidneys and l. 345, no 11 (S ttct a, graine-s,regublat uce, spin g fa of Medicine, vo a su a nuts, in ucos si c ri h m primro 3. , n onsegl p e ,35 g lest way o linbe the creati ser), . 2,343-2 tc.), edpp , pump11 (fla f checkin n (N 790-797. kidneys. , ov , no kin oliem g the fun AMURA, Y.; and so vo ing ve, canola x), even“E yal. o48 ca AMBE, H.; NAK K ffi ctioni il T.; . . , 4) HI AS 00 o (2 AY r H G. ; ra , I K. alk IN p K. , AC “W e O P . ; se AT 7) S B. , 00 R e 3.

(2 d amputa ie B.; NEUFFE LUD , G.; YONEDA, T. . ti onVIK : It, is theacbatatas (caiapo) on diabetes con- th tary fiber: It is form of in- 12 HARITA, N.; ENDO ndent predictor e u oe at are resi x pe tt m tr de in Ipo e in di g m of th an a cy wi it Is n y of the b ed d seec stant to th ed by polysacc patsratre ing to work panese men”.meth tioat ic subj n of any), pp. enzymes y ab e action byetsu pe o2ddi 2 diabetes in Ja ty odtro pe in l ty rg , in of it ar e of the d ce ru ry is th en eb . e human used to c , vol. 27, no cid As2a(Fsurg ed. Dieta process in , pp. 2,296-2,298. re and so ca o ic 30 Ca n l. s a tr vo l ete , o ab re l Di ry Ca p s ”.the affec ain or a d et nnot be fi b e Diabete r DY is TU S on ted extre gangrene origin su isease TIV E D IAB ET ES mity, for ch as gra ly found in foods OM P RO SP EC 436-440. l ro nt e ; x o co N. in a S. re le m , s, H su 4. UNITED KINGD g p umes. fruits, ve le, ascorb a OD, M.; SHA ight blood pres getabl cSidHE(v FAKHAR-UL-MAHMO ; in c ovascular ic GROUP (1998). “T rli icr R,itA. ga m of a d . m ct an 13 ffe ar x d «E ul ietothera C): ItTA sera tical inde 012). ofl oalph rovasc G.te(2 xydabe gu, la 38e”. py: The tr o-reHSdHu,cS.; MUR reZA and risk of mac s the pro es: UKPDSGen tion id-profileain eatment the- form BUK cess l, or of th ind th in type 2 diabet el and lip lev se e ep of disease co a c (S ti glu e 60 o ll ose more complications 7,1 oo n , bl in no o on 7, te f in ct 31 b es rv l. tra lo in g nc ex vo e va e l, o n tc. The d Ad specifica na d cells an betic rabbits» ti e . ur s o Jo n l in , ica th ed M ro lly linked eficieal dia d u g an British o h ox f all th a n d n c an e ti y no u b , to rm sc o se o 21 no f 3. l. d u 71 a o vo ie rv 3, sc f s, 70 y ne . d orb . ici iet.

DM1: Abb tember), pp cidMped TRIAL Natural so aneds o Exf perimicenatal roduc71 reviation OMPLICATIONS and fresh Clinicaul rc C e D 1. s a sc AN 5o OL o 70 TR f rb . v ty egetables, r-Decembe diabetes.

CON icr), pe 1 or in acpp id are fru oraive 5. THE DIABETES ct of intens sulin-dep especiall nge it 6 (Novembe (1993). “The effe y kiwis, le «G en anan and s, grapefruit, etc. ic as t arl en D pm RESEARCH GROUP ). m lo M 12 ve o (20 2 de n : K. e s, S. th A , EE b on ERJ b es a AN re et rk B ; ab v R. di , ia re p IYA, t 45 ti in e AD on, o ten P e in mel . n pa l er ns 14 d bitt o o • tio treatment of -dependent, an r f pendent skin: It is th ent: Recent progress type 2 or 12,plica 10, m co st diabetes. non-ins mkbe non-insu e outer c n of long-term 44ti-diab swarrie ioulin etic ag nd s, e eNe • blac bra pr-ogress lin otsvon nches109 , nutrition &magrierinfogod mellitus”. Th es et 137 ab 136, o di o f ten f nt 91, p pa 75, th de 45, la nt p ies, en e ce n 14 ty berr ep b ts Re no -d blue I: ” e ».

• .

9, lin ta c ws DO 32 su 136 a vie ; 65, l. lo , c 95 nic, vo e ugh , ri nole 03 ll thro ne nt e 27 s: ici tme s: 23 C ed : T M e ID Diet, trea h ll of 92 ey are call ries beca o the urnal y ess. PM s, 34, 44,s66, che •su nd Jototh . a(In rap Engla use they linrrie ed “empty ncrepr cufltu c, see Vitamin C . erap 7-986. as th11 see Die come fro 990002). ” ca tribute ve pp. 9762, apples, 44, 78 4/1876 pro59 tard ber), cus 29at 30 • G. mfibe d 14 te u ep 136 m foods c (S e 61, ry 42, C 6, in ee Fatty acids 17 r, M li ; .2 tt 10 B , le Dietary ST M RO m that co F I: o E.; an S , re N p e of 86 UN e le ct 44, B th fig, B ffe s • F.; a , o “E o . n 136 136 AN d f 34, 65, 3) 32, e ic, fo y NN 00 30, A n olen 26, (2 ; M 6, o ergy valu a-lin d , H.y, ass In exVENKATESWARAN, S. erap RITION toth NOR Die ON ; N•UTgrap 6. C e. Exa - s with “empty” ca bon L.; . es, 44, 137 evepl ; THO 118,MAS, B.B ody M . PARI, d raas 65,R,70,T.106, WA ge AR62, lories are 1, 12, 13,14, 24, 27, 32, 68, ; S45, s, sodas, N.31, g,H7,, 13, aRY ISO Dru ss44,In66,15 aseolus vulgaris Ph E ADV GOUG of AR d C 77 ct alcoho c S e tra a x ETE va, ex n : s gua IAB d • 137 D R uou ie e gl HE 131, 124, ue a s T la 123, of aq n F 122, o ti O d es 121, e r 125, 126, 128, 130, 131 o m EE 120, ss w sw n 119, zy ITT esh eig ential am eets. impl ip dbehe key en he t. [B SUBCOMM 136I = w sulin an 93,M twpa i, 44,h66, eetic • 2kiw K (2003). “T(m n height in eig es”. ino acids: So a 81, , 21, 22, 23, 26, 42, 60, 128, 136 m75, F D )] caab t (kg)/heig ex th 57,S68,U71, 78, e for pe [B 56,ETE 54,IAB lleet MI 82,h89, le. wi M,I44,= 60, op d essenti rimental di 66, , 6,TT33,EE34,O35, COM me amin ggs pe E ons w in lem • vic h e ors, t ad ig ism ibit l sq ol inh a na h square l because o acids a t100, uared cosidase (p m136 pp. nutritio oetuab of136 abbe 10 nds) x 70 , no nod92,(i 97,n98, le r), 99,se 81,io r 98,co the huma nc96, 79,tat to sy men 93, he97, 12 (Decem , vol. 20, 90, s 2)] nthesize 358 n body is al antidiabetic drugs abetic Medicine them on Di14 Pharmazie, vol. / height th e gro”.up, Di e etes nic no arb•oloqu y Eth 44 diab m ats, it u s h st o y w b d n e ra 7. o w te 80 b hich mea tained th Theges, pp. 78677, 89 44, 919. y 6form ctob ns:oran are n rough th man • EC M th oHf ,adari ue,er16,), 18, 27 amog e primary F(Oatig st.;orehou 91 ilylychem ylated hemoglobin, 6, e diet. , K.;foBAT istoicry: he DIAgo, 0). «Hyp 01 91 b BEn 77, (2 io se 74, J. ART, K.; ODA 66, TE J. 44, lo , TEW o S G S g r r . man AN s, • ic th S.; c P re W acid , y o ria a RE D .; eeta d l n Q VE se it b su Z. eg ii , a o N TONSTA ch N v «V ry m d TI . e HE ba 7. Fatt 3) y O C p ra en c . .

N 01 ti nz o T l 16 (2 AND TRo nditions members nTM m fra 136 E. o 50,, G. SER Rh 44, h80eir function is en EA cula•rAd ated ts erg P.;, F46,RA47, ecfEN present in uns of one fa nt G, R. y eu Tof ave ction, RINatur l glucose tolerance, see H-ER vitisty, b74, toan the mel d antioxid s insu mtaeff mily. c rats». ete137 fa eti ab136, intain 91 d,of26,di47, di:ab rate d ts 44, od77, y an S satu ce ce aya, e te oun du en d pap e • m mon re rloa -in m • cid fa ove u in rcin , p ose sd tt to Ca c e gluc an d l zo y o ra to Ora an rr a , ep tu c diets m e str id lis c re in t bo . s. ct , fu pp eta ), tra b M 137 n ne lood pre l. 48fa 136,trition, 64,Nu ion .fruict,ti44 onex nerve• apass , no u omega-9 ing of th -2, ». stty6a(Ju livan test, 24, 137 cil) ology, vo ti,vitpp Health Studyatur cids: They tic y44, inal . 63, 66, 74,Ph 65,l.136 eue104 86,m89, teBi 79,ar , 50, ac93, 23, no 4 (A•pr ated stin , vo uns es, and peach, •ovpoly ases are the m se Di lar cu fa nalysis of sugar c as ts h olestero di omega-3, 64, 65, 136, 137 . They are olecules 44 703-707. imm l: It u c.lassified • pers th is aon, fa he blood, 6, 20 M 9.. , u t ILA ra L th into satura at make up su 292-u 29 te E.; 87 a L. 81, e t d 137 , 79, 65, O is 77, a N 64, fa 74, OJ , n R 44, UR fo ; ga-6 tt T le, d ; P. ome app u y , A. N in pine n J. a • ted and u UH d c D. K b , id e, S in E.; lo s.

D. th o ENKINm , J in the urin d ND J.; e , HA p ib EN PC nsatla nr o OH OO l-e C d sm R an bein y ti D.;136 heno 17. a o erte • satu d, 35, lypra RD, N. satu NArate 91, L, eK. gs,104 8. B- AR , B.; SEID . «Blus-eberry po ted fa xc; ess cho ; RfASvKIN Glucosuria JASriTER tes.3)In (201 27, L.; I.bra 25, , , E18, 6, tt , ED dy on’s y LO o bo G pers sc a ; h A. le etic ia, c G. u 44 le , diab id s, em st t, ro Fee hrg erol prod s: It mean • plum si anga avlyc e even a si ER-MCGRIEVY ces hype oral glucose overload, 15, dnis an im ucur s that it d “A low-fatsve esreadu ybean flo gle doub rteS, S. (2006).diovasc• pear, 44 pch ort 28, 29, 31, ed kly PER137 oes n pric anso TAL114, ce». Phnarula Alll in A.;113, t ri A. 52, rio le carbon sthmi ro d sk va ste is e GREEN, ids, fa e rd ole b a ca ch c o se d to m n an ru l s. d r se C 137 -carbon b ot terol are•re s 45, glycemic contro d o F an f o th c ono ov 44 in at o a a ce, Flav ga d ), in t rt quin ry s jo igh in ua th sa we br e, in e ond. a es (Fe tu x t 27 1 th c c , ra pr lu o 13 119 no e al 67, , im n te 6 si tri 63, d l 68 et ta 62, ents v d 16, di l. ca berreies, iffe in charoch plem nish with mole ly 44,o66, ,s-vo 75,o91 lls, 11, 12, 13, peize C•u ciad cli Flax, see Foodctsup lelu om se rasp icaal Rese gete G cules of h rent atoms are folaog eg ’s ,ssylindth rated fatt me,ac n91, gin cosuriua, im yo fa, ors in a rand To lly”. k ro lk ris l 104 o m lar 86, y ab ri 79, y cu d mid 17 122, 123, 124, 131, 134, 136, 137 75, Di g v 44, ro a pyra , s, 16 in d e 18 c rrie r, brains, -67.

Foo gen. The ,e taet l ces diab h pe39,240, are solid, 137 ids are mainly of lestra stetewbe th36,ty37, satDo••ia-1 wi35, pp. 59 and red m Hsro b,78 uals, 34, vidups at room te es ges, indigro the sum nim ,l ises, 3. lepp - food in erin ste -am eatsyp alleo,ri11 tang rol77 usc . 1,7 . erglyte ce m o g4in and a m t), f n p us th ia d e r) ug ra , 71 e th (A .

68, 21 8 55, 136 tu T “ 53, 60, e , h g 51, 22 no re D ges 48, , e o “ , 47, M holic, 42, oran 29 b y 23 44, o n (f l. a 1 d , dari c o vo le 32 d , ” a , Man r 10 ” , n re st see c e 10 11 , Ca ho- 8, 122,in124, 13 erol is pre ra 11, 12, c13h, o14le, 16 6, mple, bu oly xaa, ro, 20 the b0,lo se l. ,“23 t13o7d wh ise the numP see Sym 60 81, 87st,e18 B,ad” cH bersdoipf si - ovo-lacto vegetarian, 6, 33, 34, in, 67 , 27 (LDL) a • 26 erm ,n L,o, 44, wat 45t, elon hoyp p w 65 cholest en taken D11 - oglycemia, e8, 11 n 2, si P ty erol tom o k ly in L n 12 ip 35, 37,38, 40, 48, 50, 52, 53, 54, 56 prin nd is n o 17 t, 39 2, e eu w • , o 13 x 12 20 p n ro c 0, 4, m , ro e 21 13 p a ss o , at s te 1, 22 iv n h “ 13 in , c o b e y, 32 6, 133 ip s a u 45 63, q , 13 25 62, d 41 a n 6, u 37 , 8 , 6, 1, ” l 49 , 27 s a ed, 42 LPso , a n G b end 60 , tu ti e mm u , ti c 61 rc reco rated fatt Polyphag es.

Foods, ary, 42, 60 o7,f th12, , 107, 108, 10 M ,e, 6,10, terol and- Dcose 19,au20,se it is the114, says,, 62 17,u18, 11, 10,e12a14, m y have o9,n110, 11 Gluobst2ru , c13c15, 115, 118, 12th0,e12 la 1, y acids: As iait,ssene Symptom ti,o18 ,u1433, Food supplements, ides, , 15 n, o c,ti24,o26, , e unsa 16 f, choles42, 22 38, c e 36, n , 2, h x a 23 32, P a o 20 12 m in 31, , m o tu le 26 3, ly e p 23, 12 st th ra u 27 108 22, le is oleic 4, 130, 13 erol 21, ted borina, rt , ri64, is presen, 32, 45, 46e, 49a60, - brewer’s yeast, 61, Oral antidiabetic drugs d;se ym acid (om theeSm ptoms “GooIdn”juries g 52e, s. teins (HD 62 59, , 50e62, t55,in57,H58, , 63 re 60 o a , , 54, f, a 65 in 46, t e 45, , 43, ig g 11 q 67 a P u 2, h e, -9 re a itin 11 L 136 D n ) ) carn 26, d 6, ti th iaabtetisesfo, u15, 57 118,115, , 11, 14, ties in oli d 119,e12n0,si120, ty1,Lipopro- eyes, acid eliminate 12a65, 112, 3,n67, 12 nd ,in w 124,is78,13k101, 58, 113, 1 see Rset a6,s “go119, are 0,no13111, s the Untesaintura - cinnamon, 67, 92 1,n13 inompaatinhlyy of v ve oil.Pro o8d134, Mass Index, see BMI ” because - kid uid 137, 133, b124, ad 126, 13 ted27,fa 132, c 130, uria, a h g 127, e n es o g d le e ta 123, p ta tt8y n sterol fro atero it revents it tional, 10, 13 ey b 13 le s, - flax, 64, 65, 136 se o o m ri r’s yeast, g N tem in and are ephro 14, 15, 24,m109,the bloo-dner or ra om pe 44,s,65,th137 pat 138accum, u hra 136, y ture. ThR liq13fr137, us exe11rc0, ves, seeisPeocly - gamma-linolenic acid, ie eyetdin Food supplements hn oeu lestro o onpoat isin7 ginto ep ,lating in the arterroatl hin the nce th a 26u, 27 lera py, diovascu - in p rod ro cose Glu te su ce, 45, 66, 11 - guar gum, 64 c li ti y b n v la -d • lo e r ep o p ro K sy d o en . le et st ly d em ent, 10, 11, 12for the car- oacidosis,u13 n,sa ne, 60 . diabetes Pre S tu tress, 23, 26, ra - nonsee - magnesium, 50, 66, 76 te , 23 13 d -i , 6 67 n fa su , tt 13 m 115, 124 lin-d y acids: Th 137dent, hydrates, 18,en unsatura 7 17,ep cosuria, Glu NephropTathoehre - omega-3 fatty acids, y hmave tw 13 10, 12, S peto ted bond 6, 13 7 ia, s, o or s withym yy,a26 ned, 54, 58, 60 re, 27 , y acids 13 cem Fatt Gly 7 m see in a in th ly found e molecu G Obesity, 10, 13, in seed-s.polydip tine see Food supplements le.

15,ra127, 130, 131 l, le into - vitamin C, 43, 45, 65, 66, 76, 80, 101, luco-sebasa Theresiaa, 14, 32, 123, 124 nce , re 18 al e, Bas two se see e ing, 138 fast P - rediabetes 136, p o ly P p ai h ag n , ia, 18 s ed, 35, 53, 54, 55 - O’Sullivan test, see Analysi - wheat bran, 61, 63, 66 - polyuria, - abdominal sh, 54, 55, 75, 76, 78, 80, 83, 85 18 , 15 50, 67 , dom zinc ran , 23 ,

Glossary

A

of Medica

l Terms

D

x

General AlphabeticalBInde

“E

C

132

136

F

Diseases a nd Sympto in Alphabe ms Mentione tical Order

9

Are you suffering from diabetes?

D

iabetes is one of the most important diseases in the world. About 250,000,000 people suffer from it even though many of them are unaware that they have a low-grade form of it.

Dr. Gelabert’s clear, complete, and direct advice provides the best guidance for knowing if you suffer from diabetes and how to prevent it. If you already know that you have this disease, you will discover how to control it by the use of the most advanced methods and scientific and natural treatments.