Parivartan - The covid memorial

Mysore School of Architecture

(Recognized by Council of Architecture, New Delhi Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, Karnataka)

CA 01, University Layout, Lingambudhi, Near Dattagalli Ring Road, Mysore 570 008.

‘Parivartan - The Covid Memorial ’

A Thesis Project Report

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Architecture

By the Visvesvaraya Technological University - Belagavi

Submitted by Sakshi Jain 4MA17AT041

IX semester, V YEAR, B.ARCH Submitted on: February /2022

PARIVARTHAN

THE COVID MEMORIAL BENGALURU

Thesis project

A Memorial - Museum dedicated to Frontline Health Workers .

ABSTRACT :

Due to the sheer pandemic’s catastrophic in tensity, the number of infections has surpassed hospital capacity, prompting frontline health professionals to dedicate their lives to the com munity’s safety and well-being. These frontline employees, who are regarded as the backbone of any healthcare system, were the first line defense during the pandemic and are currently struggling to manage and contain the virus.

The intensity of the moment will aid us in imagining what such a monument may look like. In honour of frontline personnel’s devo tion and sacrifice, as a mark of respect and thanks to the local warriors.

PARIVARTHAN

Dedication :

This thesis is dedicated to all of the Frontline Health Warriors..who took good care of people, and became a barrier against this disease.

“We are part of Nature ,not Apart from nature .“

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT :

It brings me great pleasure to present my thesis report, Parivartan - the Covid Memorial, in my Architecture IX semester course.Without the help and support of my thesis advisors, Asso. Prof.Ar. Zahra Bathool and Dr Champa H S, I would not have been able to com plete my thesis project.Without their consistent sup port and mentorship, I would not have been able to get through the semester.I will be eternally thankful to them for sharing their vast expertise in order to help me grow at every level of my thesis.

I’d want to express my gratitude to the staff and stu dents at Mysore School of Architecture for always being a source of hope and inspiration.

I’d want to express my gratitude to the employees at Radiant and Vidyaranya hospitals for cooperating with me and helping me with this interview. I’d would like to express my sincere gratitude to the 26 frontline health professionals who completed the google form survey and helped me in gaining a better understanding.

Apart from my advisers, I’d want to express my grat itude to my parents and grandparents, who have al ways believed in me and encouraged me to work hard.

Last but not least, a heartfelt thank you to myfriends: Prerana,Somika,Praneeth,Mahek,Sulekha,Tisha, Satwik,Bhairavi,Usha,Nidhi,Harsha,Minal,Hemanth and Thanuj,who have always extended a hand and of fered their support to my thesis.

Sakshi Jain

Table

Thesis Proposition

2. Research & Background study..................................................................14

4. The Site and Design program..................................................................44

Design

List of figures

Fig 1.1: Illustration showing the healthline workers acting like a shield to fight the disease. ....................11

Fig 2.1 Reasons to build a memorial in past and present.................................................................15

Fig 2.2 Different types of Memorial ................................................................................................... 16

Fig 2.3 Difference between memorial,monument and mausoleum...............................................17

Fig 2.4 Showing types of memorial according to their visual characteristics..............................18

Fig 2.5 Memorial in present day..........................................................................................................18

Fig 2.6 Theoretical Framework for contemporary memorial landscape........................................18

Fig 2.7 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................18

Fig 2.8 The spread of Covid-19 in India ............................................................................................19

Fig 2.9 The Number of Deaths and other details about covid Health workers.............................20

Fig 2.10 The curve of Covid-19............................................................................................................20

Fig 2.11 Comparison of two waves .....................................................................................................20

Fig 2.12 Difference between first and second wave of Covid -19....................................................21

Fig 2.13 the list of frontline Health workers ......................................................................................21

Fig 2.14 medical strength in India.......................................................................................................22

Fig 2.15 Different Activities ,spaces and emotions in Daily routine of Frontline Health workers..................................................................................................................22

Fig 2.16 Anxiety, depression, and insomnia before and during the pandemic of healthcare workers before and during the pandemic...........................................................................................23

Fig 2.17 Different emotions experienced by the frontline health workers.....................................23

Fig 2.18 Different emotions and experiences (taken from interview ) ..........................................24

Fig 2.19 different trees and plants :the emotion they depict and their medicinal value ..............25

Fig 2.20 Different Endangered plants and trees found in Karnataka ; their medicinal values........................................................................................................................... 26

Fig 3.1 Plan of Vietnam veterans memorial & elevation.................................................................28

Fig 3.2 Site plan of Vietnam veterans memorial................................................................................28

Fig 3.3 Plan and section of Vietnam veterans memorial.................................................................28

Fig 3.4 Organization of Vietnam veterans memorial........................................................................29

Fig 3.5 People walking around the memorial and paying tribute ..................................................29

Fig 3.6 Lights highlighting the axis of memorial...............................................................................29

Fig 3.7 The site plan of world pandemic memorial..........................................................................30

Fig 3.8 entrance to the bridge...............................................................................................................30

Fig 3.9 plan and section of world pandemic memorial.....................................................................31

Fig 3.10 artificial light highlighting the pathways..............................................................................32

Fig 3.11 conceptual sketch of the memorial.......................................................................................32

Fig 3.12 The effect of lights on the memorial complex.....................................................................33

Fig 3.13 Exploded isometric view of national war memorial..........................................................33

Fig 3.14 Different activities happening in memorial at different point of time ............................34

Fig 3.15 The ritual during the Republic day......................................................................................35

Fig 3.16 : Site plan of National war memorial....................................................................................35

Fig 3.17 Reflecting pool depicting absence........................................................................................36

Fig 3.18 The ritual of flowers in September 11 memorial................................................................36

Fig 3.19 View of Museum......................................................................................................................37

Fig 3.20 section of museum.................................................................................................................37

Fig 3.21 Plan and conceptual model of the museum.......................................................................38

Fig 3.22 Circulation in museum (3 axis )...........................................................................................38

Fig 3.23 Different angles used in Museum.......................................................................................38

Fig 3.24 Circulation in Museum.........................................................................................................39

Fig 3.25 View of Museum....................................................................................................................39

Fig 4.1 clipping from newspaper (Source : The Indian express)....................................................45

Fig 4.2 Bar Graphs Showing comparison of major cities During second wave of Covid-19 (Source : Times of India ).....................................................................................................................45

Fig 4.3 Map showing Parks , Institutes , open spaces,parks & grounds, NH & outer state Highway in koramangala (Source : Open street map )...................................46

List of figures

Fig 4.4 Map showing Museum circle of Bengaluru and site location (Source : Google map )......................................................................................................................47

Fig 4.5 Site Location (Source: google earth ) ...................................................................................47

Fig 4.6 Accessibility to site (Source: google earth )........................................................................48

Fig 4.7 Tourist destination around the site (Source: google earth ) .............................................48

Fig 4.8 Land Use map ( source : BDA) and current use of site images......................................48

Fig 4.9 Neighbourhood (immediate and within (500m-5km)......................................................48

Fig 4.10 showing sections of Road......................................................................................................49

Fig 4.11 These graphs show the number of visitors in 4 different Museums in Bengaluru (Number of Visitors weekdays,weekends & annually )............................................57

Fig 5.1 Zoning ......................................................................................................................................63

Fig 5.2 :The View of vehicular entrance node...................................................................................66

Fig 5.3 : The View of The pond of spread - the path of Knowledge .(shaded Walkway).............67

Fig 5.4 : The Pedestrian entrance .(shaded Plaza)............................................................................68

Fig 5.5 The view of museum -memorial block ................................................................................69

Fig 5.6 : The Exploded view of museum -memorial block ...........................................................70

Fig 5.7 : Different spaces in Museum................................................................................................70

Fig 5.8 : Emotions & Architectural features......................................................................................71

Fig 5.9 : Architectural features In Museum ....................................................................................71

Fig 5.10 : Exploded view of the Library- Human library..............................................................72

Fig 5.11 : view of the Library- Human library Entrance...............................................................72

Fig 5.12 : view of the Library- Indoor reading Area......................................................................73

1. Thesis Proposition

This chapter gives the gist of the project along with the topic justification, which includes the aim,objective ,limitations ,scope and the methodology followed.

1.1 Introduction :

The Covid19 pandemic has claimed the lives of more than 4,299,640 people around the world. In the devastating severity of this pandemic, the number of infections exceeds the capac ity of hospitals, mobilizing frontline health workers to devote their lives to the safety and well-being of the community . Considered the backbone of any healthcare system, these frontline workers are the first line of defense during the pandemic and are still fighting to control and contain the virus.

The intensity of the moment might help us im agine what such a memorial would look like in appreciation of the dedication and sacrifice of frontline personnel, as a gesture of respect and thanks to the local soldiers.

A museum that teaches future generations about the severity of the pandemic and the impact of the lockdown on people’s mental and physical health.

This will help us remember the many contri butions of frontline health professionals and continue to raise communal awareness and gratitude for them for the rest of their lives.

Architectural keywords: [memorial, Museum,pa vilion ]

Fig 1.1: Illustration showing the healthline workers acting like a shield to fight the disease. (source :Times of India)

1.2 Need of the project even before the Pandemic is over .

Although it may appear that now is an in convenient moment to construct a memorial because multiple nations are currently at war, the emotions, facts, and thoughts accessible during a disaster fade as it passes.

The intensity of the moment may aid us in im agining what such a memorial may look like. It will serve as a reminder of the frontline health professionals’ numerous efforts, with the goal of continuing to establish a collective consciousness and expressing lifetime grati tude to them.

1.3 AIM:

1.4 OBJECTIVES:

This memorial - Museum to honor the journeys of frontline workers and the men tal stress they face.

With the help of architecture to create space that helps

To create a space that serves as a reminder of the

sacrifices made by frontline employees & the journey of Frontline Health workers during the 2 waves of CoronaVirus .

To share one’s suffering -Those who talk and those who listen want to be healed by empa thy for others’ feelings (talk,listen & share ).

To assist individuals cope with the death of close friends or family members, as well as to celebrate their loved ones’ lives, loves, and memories to COVID-19.

We may not be able to replace the gap left by those who are no longer with us, but we may at least aid in the healing process.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

METHODOLOGY:

With the help of Case studies ( experience to be created).

By Creating Question Polls/ Opinion Poll Interviewing the frontline workers ,trying to understand their experience.

To read & know more about Covid via News paper

Articles , research papers & online Reports

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS:

It is important that people Acknowledge the efforts made by many groups of individuals to address the present situation, particularly frontline workers.

The future generation needs to know everything that happened today,so they can understand the efforts and difficulties faced by all.

It will aid in the recognition and remembrance of frontline workers’ contributions.

To understand the community’s experience amid two lockdowns.

This memorial-museum will mainly talk about only 2- waves ,since the research is still going on about the 3 rd wave ,its effects .

2. Research & Background study

This chapter explains what memorials are and why they are built. Understanding of the Covid-19 virus, the two waves, findings from the background study, and interviews that will aid in the development of the project .

2.1 What is Memorial ?

An object, often large and made of stone, that has been built to honour a famous person or even :a war memorial The statue was erected as a memorial to those who died in the war. - Cambridge dictionary.

A memorial is an object which serves as a fo cus for the memory or the commemoration of something, usually an influential, deceased person or a historical, tragic event. Popular forms of memorials include landmark ob jects or works of art such as sculptures, statues or fountains and parks.

- Wikipedia

2.2 Why build a Memorial ?

A memorial built in someone’s honour also acts as an enduring legacy to a life well spent and remembered.It is a final gift that repre sents that individual and how they lived. Memorials also function as a historical and genealogical record for future generations. In the Fig 2.1 Different reasons are mentioned to build a memorial.

Fig 2.1 Reasons to build a memorial in past and present (source : Author)

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

2.3 Types of Memorial over time

The origins of memorials to the society may be traced back to the early nineteenth cen tury, a period recognised for its nationalism, which was cultivated via national history writing. Monuments were built to honour heroes and commemorate historical events. It all started with the construction of pyra mids and monuments in the shape of heroic figures, as well as other types of graves for affluent and powerful people. Statues, obelisks, and columns were placed on pedestals above eye level, where their size and form displayed monumentality. Memorial design concepts of the late nine teenth century had a new spatial character, with features being closer to the ground and combined with chairs for human usage. Following that, memorials honouring war victims from troops grew more widespread throughout World Wars I and II. Online memorials, which are typically built on websites and social media to enable digi tal access as an alternative to physical mon uments that may be impractical or difficult to visit, have been popular in recent years. Grassroots monuments are impromptu or temporary memorials. A memorial bench, is a piece of furniture that honors the mem ory of a deceased person.Memorial benches are often seen in public spaces.

PARIVARTHAN

Covid Memorial

2.4 Difference between Memorial, Monument & Mausoleum

A memorial, a mausoleum, and a monument these terms seem to have the similar meaning.

We are frequently mislead and misun derstand the meaning despite the fact that there is a differentiation.

In the table below, the meanings of all three words are clearly explained, which aids in a better comprehension of the concepts.

Memorial MausoleumMonument

A statue or structure established  to remind people of a person or  event.

In a traditional sense, a memorial  is typically a statue, headstone, or  other artistic expression in  remembrance of a loved one  whose remains are not physically  present.

Memorials are also sometimes  called monuments, but the  distinction is typically based on  the type of memorial structure.

A structure built for  commemorative or symbolic  reasons, or as a memorial; a  commemoration.

A monument is a type of structure  that was explicitly created to  commemorate a person or event,  or which has become relevant to a  social group as a part of their   remembrance of historic times or  cultural heritage, due to its artistic,  historical, political, technical or  architectural importance.

A mausoleum is a structure  designed to hold the remains of  the deceased, either in bodily form  or as cremated remains.

a mausoleum as a memorial to  lost family members – particularly  if the mausoleum is elaborate,  ornate, or artistic – but at the core  a mausoleum is a structure that  physically houses remains.

A monument may be a memorial  or Mauloseum

a mausoleum may also be a  memorial, but a memorial need  not be a mausoleum or contain  the remains of a loved one

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Fig 2.3 Difference between memorial,monument and mausoleum (source : Author)

The Contemporary memorial Lan scape (CML)encourages individuals to participate actively while also offering passive user engagement, which improves society’s good con nection.

When urban physical arrangements are included into the space design, this interaction occurs. These features assist users in creating a sensuous encounter with the scen ery.CML is also defined by its loca tion, context, and public accessibility.

Users interact with these monuments by engaging with various impressions as a consequence of the sensations they encounter in that area.

By incorporating CML into daily life and allowing users to participate, users’ memory and sense of location are strengthened.

As a result, there are kinetic, textual, auditory, and olfactory experiences in addition to remembrance cere monies.Memorial spaces are found in unusual public locations such as urban parks, city centres, and plazas, where they are used for daily activi ties as well as ceremonial nighttime events.They help to create a sense of place in public areas by encouraging more individual and community activity.

The geographical meaning and behavioural bounds are defined by the memorial’s shape and physical elements; complicated or abstract. User involvement and comprehen sion of the memorial idea and aim is easier with simpler design forms and symbolic messaging.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

2.5 The relationship between contemporary memorial landscape and user perception

Fig 2.4 Showing types of memorial according to their visual characteristics

Fig 2.5 Memorial in present day

Fig 2.6 Theoritical Framework for contemporary memorial landscape

Fig 2.7 Conclusion

2.6 Introduction to impact of Covid In India :

On 30 January 2020, the first instances of COVID-19 in India were recorded in three locations in Kerala, among three Indian medical students who had returned from Wuhan, the pandemic’s epicentre.

On the 23rd of March, Kerala declared a state of emergency, followed by the rest of the country on the 25th.

For the first time on June 10, India’s recov eries surpassed active cases. In September, infection rates began to decline, as did the number of new and active cases.

Daily instances peaked in mid-September at over 90,000 per day, before decreasing to around 15,000 in January 2021.

A second wave, which began in March 2021, was even more damaging than the first, resulting in nationwide shortages of vaccinations, hospital beds, oxygen cylin ders, and other medical supplies.

By late April, India had surpassed the Unit ed States in the number of new and active cases.

Frontline health professionals are the backbone of successful health systems, and they play a crucial role in delivering health solutions.Millions of children and their families in every country would be without health services if frontline health professionals weren’t recognised the initial link in delivering health care and numerous life-saving treatment facili ties. Frontline health workers have been demonstrated to be important pillars of health time and time again, and there is ample evidence that well-supported front line health workers. Improve health con ditions significantly, particularly during pandemics in nations .

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Fig 2.8 The spread of Covid-19 in India (source :Times of India)

Millions of children and their families in every country would be without health services if frontline health professionals weren’t recognised the initial link in deliv ering health care and numerous life-saving treatment facili ties. Frontline health workers have been demonstrated to be important pillars of health time and time again, and there is ample evidence that well-sup ported frontline health workers. Improve health conditions significantly, particular ly during pandemics in nations Like the present COVID-19 scenario. According to official data, more than 87,000 healthcare workers have been infected with Covid-19, with just six states — Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, West Bengal, and Gujarat — ac counting for three-quarters (around 74%) of the case burden and over 86 percent of the 573 deaths caused by the infection. Only 12,260 infected healthcare profes sionals were recorded in Karnataka.

In India, a current outbreak of corona vi rus is spreading like a ‘tsunami.’ COVID-19 cases had surpassed 15.9 mil lion as of April 23, 2021, with 1,85,000 fa talities.

In comparison to the first wave, the second wave is moving at a breakneck speed. The higher number of cases in the second wave might be due to a variety of variables. It has been discovered that the mutant vi rus is more efficient at transmitting and has a shorter incubation time.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Fig 2.9 The Number of Deaths and other details about covid Health workers (source ; Times of India )

Fig 2.10 The curve of Covid-19

Fig 2.11 Comparison of two waves (source :Times of India )

The First Wave of Covid-19

PARIVARTHAN

The Second Wave of Covid-19

Several mutants of SARS-Cov-2 virusSARS-Cov-2 virusCausative organism less moreKnowledge about the disease

Shortness of breaths

Less cases with breathlessness

More cases with breathlessness

Three approved vaccines availableNot availableVaccine

Lower HigherPositivity rate

HigherlowerDeath rate

Health care workers

•Lesser trained people

•Fear of acquiring infection

•Not vaccinated

•More trained increased

•Lesser fear to acquire infection

•Mostly vaccinated

morelessDisease spread

Fig 2.12 Difference between first and second wave of Covid -19 (source :Author)

2.7 Mental Health of Frontline Health workers :

Community transmission mitigation via awareness and prevention approaches is a crucial strategy for managing COVID-19, and it is vital to increase frontline worker (FLW) preparation in this regard.This is especially important for reaching out to people in remote and rural areas of India in order to cope with the health crises.According to research on the management of prior communicable disease outbreaks, FLWs’ embeddedness in the community can help the health sys tem raise awareness, adopt preventative initiatives, and assist with contact tracing and isolation of possible patients.

The Covid Memorial

Fig 2.13 the list of frontline Health workers (source ;Author)

Fig 2.14 medical strength in India (source Times of India )

FLWs in India are now expected to (a) carry out community-level infor mation, education, and communication (IEC) initiatives, (b) identify and report probable COV ID-19 instances. Select policy papers (national guidelines on the involvement of health workers in the COVID-19 re sponse) have been assessed.Operational guidelines, sensible use of personal pro tective equipment (PPE), peer-reviewed research, studies, and media stories are among the documents.We also held in formal discussions with Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA), Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANM), Anganwadi Workers (AWW), and Block Community Mobilis ers (BCM) .

Spaces Emotions Activities

Attend seminars (regarding covid)

looking after patients

register Patients

Spread Awareness

Maintain Records(Usage of  Medicine/status of Patient/Equipments required and used )

Talk to patients Family to comfort them  (video call with family /phone call )

Performing Last rites of Patient

Home Locker room Rest room

Intensive Care Unit covid wards Canteen Isolation (room/hotel/hostel)

Anxiety

Stress (not letting know family their  emotions/what they are going through)

Constantly thinking if the patient treated is  stable or not

Happy (Patient Discharge)

Hope (patient recovery)

Sadness\Grief (death of Patient )

Exhausting (Double shift/wearing PPE kit )

A sense of Responsibility (to perform last  rites after death)

Scared (to inform Patients family regarding  the heath status)

Feeling Burned out (Can I save Them? Who  will save ME?)

Physically exhausting (no intake of  food/water while wearing PPE Gear)

Fig 2.15 Different Activities ,spaces and emotions in Daily routine of Frontline Health workers (source : Various interviews conducted by different news channels ,documentaries on Youtube )

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

The public has shown a broad disre spect for the ‘Covid Appropriate Be haviours or CAB,’ and the masks uti lised are of varying quality. From February 23 to March 5, 2020, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 863 medical care workers from seven provinces in China using stand ard questionnaires measuring adverse psychological outcomes including Im pact of Event Scale-6 (IES-6), Depres sion, Anxiety and Stress Scale(DASS) and related psychosocial factors like perceived threat, social support and coping strategies. Exploratory Fac tor analysis was performed to identify the dimensions of perceived threat by study participants.

The unusual nature of the pandemic causes lots of new mental health is sues, particularly among front-line healthcare personnel (HCW). Anxie ty, sadness, burnout, sleeplessness, and stress-related problems are common among front-line HCWs.

This is mediated to a large extent by the individuals’ biopsychological vulner abilities; socioenvironmental factors such as the risk of infection, effective risk communication to HCWs, availa bility of personal protective equipment, job-related stress, perceived stigma, and psychological impact of isolation/ quarantine, as well as interpersonal dis tancing, also play important roles. (1) Fig 2.16 and Fig 2.17 are results from the google form interview of Frontline health workers. (refer appendix for the interview ques tions and responses.)

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Fig 2.16 Anxiety, depression, and insomnia before and during the pandemic of healthcare workers before and during the pandemic. ( source : https://www.sciencedi rect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178120323271)

Fig 2.17 Different emotions experienced by the frontline health workers ( source :author)

(1)Ashley Elizabeth Muller, Elisabet Vivianne Hafstad, Jan Peter William Himmels, Geir Smedslund, Signe Flottorp, Synne Øien Stensland, Stijn Stroobants, Stijn Van de Velde, Gunn Elisabeth Vist,The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: A rapid systematic review,Psychiatry Research,Volume 293,2020,113441,ISSN 0165-1781, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441.

Afraid of Disease (many things  Unknown)

Fear of Infection Emotional Exhaustion

Staying away from Family Quarantine

Recovery of patients

Discharge of patients seeing the family bond and  support them.

Hope Anxiety

Sadness Happiness

Fig 2.18 Different emotions and experinces (taken from interview ) (source author)

2.8 Plants,healing and emotions :

New variants of virus with  varying symptoms Increased workload More stress,Managing resource

Vaccine -A ray of Hope Closed one Affected More Death rate

Could serve and save people.

Plants and trees represent many emotions, and each has its unique set of medical properties. They’re all around us, but we don’t know what their medical properties are.In the fig 2.19 plants : their medicinal values and emotion they depict ae mentioned.

The inclusion of 81 medicinal plants on this list has been a source of concern. The loss of these plants would not only harm the ecosystem, but it will also cause problems for many ayurvedic medication manufacturers and practitioners.From this list 8 plants are taken ,their medicinal values are mentioned in Fig 2.20 .

Deforestation, over-exploitation, and smug gling of timber and plants are cited as reasons for the flora and fauna’s fragility. The majority of these plants may be found in the state’s Western Ghats and Malnad areas.

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

2nd waveEmotions

wave

Plants

Emotions

memories, protection

Medicinal Values

Lilac flowers have astringent, aromatic,  and perhaps a little bitter qualities.  Astringents tighten, draw, and dry  tissues such as skin. So a wonderful  application would be a cold or warm  infusion to use as a toner on the face.  Or using the same method but apply to  rashes, cuts, and other skin ailments.

generosity, hope, longevity, love

The leaf of peach plants have been  used for medicinal uses such as relief  from morning sickness during  pregnancy, treatment of mild coughs  and reduction of premenstrual  symptoms.

love, protection, power, healing,  passion, caprice, dreaming, remembering

Carnations contain substances that  calm the nervous system and reduce  inflammation and swelling. The oil  extracted from carnation flowers have  therapeutic benefits, which is used for  the treatment of skin rashes,

devotion, love, protection, sleep,   chastity, longevity, purification,  happiness, peace;

Lavender is an herb. The flower and the  oil of lavender are used to make  medicine. Lavender is commonly used  for anxiety, stress, and insomnia. It is  also used for depression, dementia,  pain after surgery.

wisdom, enlightenment, and healing

Used to create cures for aches and  other body ailments.Native Americans  especially used the bark as a cure for  frostbite and skin infections.oak wisdom, enlightenment, and healing

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

oak

Lavender (Lavandula sp.)

Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)

Peach tree (Prunus persica)

Lilac (Syringa vulgaris)

depict

Medicinal use

Daruharidra is mainly beneficial for skin  problems like inflammation and  psoriasis as it has anti-inflammatory  and anti-psoriatic activity. It helps in  managing acne by preventing the  growth of acne causing bacteria and  reducing inflammation due to its  antibacterial and anti-inflammatory  properties.

liver and prevent liver disorders as it  maintains the level of liver enzymes

relief from constipation and acidity

diarrhea, cough, bronchitis,  hypertension, dyspepsia,  fever, rheumatism, abscesses,  dysmenorrhea and  inflammation. It is also used  as purgative, expectorant,  cardiotonic, digestive,   carminative, stomachic,  stimulant, diuretic,  diaphoretic, antipyretic and  astringent.

treating ailments such as  jaundice, chronic fever,  inflammations, spleen  disorders, breathing   disorders and impaired taste  sensation treat painful conditions,  improves complexion of the  body, improves digestion and  assimilation, alleviates  excessive thirst, to kills all  infectious agents, in blood   disease, inflammation and  also as CNS depressant.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Berberis aristata

Scientific name  Picture

Decalepis hamiltonii

Magnolia champaca

Saraca asoca

Knema attenuata

Kadu Pindi. Seethe Ashoka Sampige

Maakali Beeru Fly Catcher

Arisina Balli

plants and

found in Karnataka

3. Case study

This chapter consists of various case studies and their inferences

3.1 Vietnam Veterans Memorial

Location : Washington D.C

Architects : Maya lin ,Lecky-cooper Architects , Area : 8,100 m2

Architect’s Approach ( Ar. Maylin)Creating Park within a Park, Harmo ny With Constitution , Quite Protected Place

Four Major Criteria of Design :

• Reflective & contemplative in character - Use of polished Black Granite (mirror -like surface ), Image of trees & Lawns in surround ing reflect on panel

• Harmonise with Surrounding (the memorial ) -The Memorial wall points to the Washing ton Monument & Licoln Memorial

• Contains name of everyone alive or dead

• -Arrangement in Chronological oder

• No political Statement about war

History : The Vietnam Veterans Me morial Fund, Inc. (VVMF) was incor porated as a non-profit organization to establish a memorial to veterans of the Vietnam War.

On July 1, 1980, a site covering two acres next to the Lincoln Memorial was cho sen and authorized by Congress.

Congress announced that the winner of a design competition would design the park. The jury selected entry num ber 1026, which had been designed by Maya Lin The selected design was very controversial, in particular,its uncon ventional design, its black color and its lack of ornamentation.On October 13, 1982, the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts approved the erection of a flagpole to be grouped with sculptures.

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.1 Plan of Vietnam veterans memorial & elevation

Fig 3.2 Site plan of Vietnam veterans memorial

Fig 3.3 Plan and section of Vietnam veterans memorial

Memorial Description : The Memorial Wall is made up of two 246-foot-9-inch (75.21 m) long black granite walls, polished to a high finish, and etched with the names of the servicemen being honored in 140 pan els of horizontal rows with regular typeface and spacing. The walls are sunken into the ground, with the earth behind them. At the highest tip (the apex where they meet), they are 10.1 feet (3.1 m) high, and they taper to a height of 8 inches (200 mm) at their extremities. Symbolically, this is de scribed as a “wound that is closed and heal ing” and exemplifies the Land art movement of the 1960s which produced sculptures that sought to reconnect with the natural environment.

Ritual : Visitors to the memorial may take a piece of paper and place it over a name on the wall and rub a wax crayon or graphite pencil over it as a memento of their loved ones. This is called rubbing.

Different Interpretations and Names given

By People :

- Everything That begins will End - Chevron Half Burried in the Ground

- Closure or completion

- The Wall that Heals

- Something That emerges From Ground and Goes back where it comes from

The Journey : As a person Moves forward - the Black Shiny wall Height Increases -The Engraved names Become the Highlight --A sense of Touch as names are engraved ----Tactile experience as You walk forward because of difference in Material along the walkway ---- the natuer gets covered by black wall ----Importance given to names---A wall descends down ----- Giving a feel that Something That emerges From Ground ,Goes back where it comes from .

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Vietnam-Veterans-Memorial https://washington.org/DC-guide-to/vietnam-veterans-memorial https://www.vvmf.org/About-The-Wall/

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.4 Organization of Vietnam veterans memorial

Fig 3.5 People walking around the memorialand paying tribute .

Fig 3.6 Lights highlighting the axis of memorial

3.2 World Pandemic Memorial

Location : Uruguay Architects : Gmoez Platero No. of people can access : 300

Architect’s Approach ( Ar. Gomes Platero) - US as Collective ,We are capable of sharing as a Society , The Pandemic has - We humans are Subordinate of Nature & not other way round .

Major Criteria of Design :

• Placement of memorial- Rocky ter rain along the edge of Waterfront.

• Open void -Allows people to ob serve nature- Space for Mourning

• Bridging Gap between Urban & nat ural world -Long Pedestrian Walk way -Sensorial Experience .

History : Sited in Uruguay, the mon ument is made to be an expression of hope in an uncertain time. As the first large-scale monument to the worldwide victims of the COVID-19 pandemic, the project is called the “World Memorial to the Pandemic.” It aims to be a space for mourning and reflection that’s environ mentally conscious and emotionally impactful.

Memorial Discription : At the center of the platform, an open void to the ocean beneath allows people to observe nature. It is designed to allow a high percentage of the structure to be pre-assembled for on-site assembly, minimizing the impact on the natural environment. The large, circular structure will serve as a “sensory experience that bridges the gap between the urban and natural worlds, creating an ideal environment for introspection.”

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.8 entrance to the bridge

Fig 3.7 The site plan of world pandemic memorial

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The memorial is made to welcome up to 300 visitors at a time (while obeying cur rent social distancing guidelines), allowing for moments of shared grief and solidarity in addition to solitude. “With each project we carry out,” Gómez Platero continues, “we must create a piece of a better city. Public space is the common space par excellence: it represents us as a collective, and it reflects what we are capable of sharing as a society.”

Current progress :As the firm noted, dis cussions with the Uruguayan government are currently in motion to choose a specific site. They estimate that, once started, the memorial will take six months to complete.

The Journey : As one enters -- Detaching from city life --- A long walkway -Bridge-A Journey Towards Nature ----The memo rial --- Huge void (10 m Dia )- Feeling absence of Loved ones & presence of Nature.

https://www.gomezplatero.com/en/proyecto/memorial-pandemic/ https://www.archdaily.com/945873/worlds-first-large-scale-covid-memorial-designed-for-victims-of-the-pandemic

The Covid Memorial

3.3 National War Memorial

Location : New Delhi Architects : Webe Design Lab Area : 109265 m2

Architect’s Approach ( Webe design Lab) - “invisible but Strongly Present .” Culminating the Raj path Retaining Identity of Public plaza , Embracing memory of love, affection & pain.

Major Criteria of Design : The concept of rebirth is inspired from the quote of Captain Vikram Batra.

Either I will come back after hoist ing the Tricolor, or I will come back wrapped in it, but I will be back for sure. RE BIRTH ‘Reborn to be an immortal’. A culmination to the historical Ra jpath extending through the India Gate, the National War Memorial is an open landscaped public space spread over 42 acres in the C -hexa gon.

A cross-connection at the core of the New Memorial: The Yudhpath– is a metaphorical placement of the Raj path (Path of life) with the Yudhpath (Path of war).

History : Six decades to come into existence: The request for the National War Memorial (NWM), India was placed by the armed forces in 1960. The consideration acquired momen tum in 2015 and the construction was approved within the National capital’s heritage zone of the British Imperial Times. An International two stage competition was held for the design and implementation of the NWM by the Ministry of Defense, Government of India.

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.10 artificial light highlighting the pathways

Fig 3.11 conceptual sketch of the memorial

WEBE Design Lab won both the first and the third place. India’s NWM was finally inaugurated on 25th Feb 2019 by Honor able Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

Lighting: The lighting in the central court around the eternal flame spear heads sideways and up building a sense of eternity as it fades out. The Thyag chakra seems floating with a series of small lights which resembles the oil lamps that are light in memory of the beloved ones in any Indian home. The streaks of light on the steps create a sense of transition through the concen tric setup. The project does not have any ambient light. As much as the light brought in emphasis and character, the darkness made the required experience deeper and absorbing.

Design Considerations:

Circle of Sacrifice (Tyag Chakra): Inspired by the historic “Chakravyuha” Ancient war formation, the Tyag Chakra is ar ranged in concentric circles in accord ance with the wars, gloriously housing the names of 25,700 war heroes, who sac rificed their life post-independence for the Nation. It is a concrete structure, with self-interlocking granite blocks placed over it. Each block represents a Martyr, and is engraved with his name, rank and number.

Circle of Bravery (Veer Chakra) A semi open corridor and gallery holding the brave stories of significant historic bat tles in Indian history of the Army, Navy and Air force.

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.13 Exploded isometric view of national war memorial

Fig 3.12 The effect of lights on the memorial complex

Circle of Immortality (Amar Chakra)

The obelisk carrying the eternal flame symbolizes the immortality of the Jawans that they will never be dead and they will always live in our memory. It is set in a larger circular court which also is the ceremonial space.

Starting of a new custom

Since 1972, every-year on the Republic Day (before the Republic Day parade), it had been customary for the President, Prime Minister, Chief of the Air Staff, Chief of the Naval Staff, Chief of the Army Staff and dignitaries to place wreath at Amar Jawan Jyoti and pay homage to the dead and un known soldiers.

Following the custom set by the Presi dent in previous year, the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, for the first time placed a wreath at National War Memorial instead of India Gate on the occasion of Republic Day.

Starting a new custom taking place at new Amar Jawan Jyoti under National War Me morial accompanied by the Chief of Defence Staff, along with Army Chief, Navy Chief, and Air Force Chief who also visits the same monument on respective Service Days to pay tribute to the fallen heroes of the nation, post Independence.

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.14 Different activities happening in memorial at different point of time .

Fig 3.15 The ritual during the Republic day

Materials :

The material palette used is another con scious nod to the context, and because of that, the space innately responds to the heritage zone. The lighting in each circle enhances its emotional component dif ferently. The lighting in the central court around the eternal flame spearheads sideways and up building a sense of eternity as it fades out. The Tyag Chakra seems floating with a series of small lights which resembles the oil lamps (diya) that are light in memory of the beloved ones in any Indian home. The streaks of light on the steps create a sense of transition through the concentric rings.

https://www.archdaily.com/936907/national-war-memorial-new-delhi-india-webe-design-lab/5e8711b6b 357659c180000ae-national-war-memorial-new-delhi-india-webe-design-lab-space-vs-activity-vs-time-dia gram?next_project=no

https://www.webedesignlab.com/works/national-war-memorial

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The Covid Memorial

3.4 September 11 memorial museum

Location : New York Architects : Davis Brody Bond,Peter Walk er and Partners Area : 110000 m2

Architect’s Approach ( Davis brody bond) - Memory -- Remind people What Existed Before Authencity----Museum Located where attack Occured Scale ------ The Scale of original building is Preserved Emotion -----Promotes Contemplation & Solemnity.

Major Criteria of Design :

• The Memorial Plaza Acts like a Breathing Space ,A saviour tree -Sym bol of Rebirth & hope ,Seating Around tree Present , Public Plaza .

• Arrangement of Spaces & Different Features used to Evoke Emotions :

• Reflecting pool - Marking Footprint of Towers Above Ground

• Highlighting the Absence -Creating void - Surounding Building look upon this void .

• Museum Pavilionpresent in between Reflecting Pools Entry to museum( Deconstructivism used ) - feel of not emerging From Ground .

• Reflective Material used - Surround ing Buildings seen in reflection (a sense of Belongingness ).

Design Considerations:Reflecting Absence, designed by Michael Arad and Peter Walker, was chosen as the winning design on January 6, 2004.It consists of a field of trees interrupted by two large, recessed pools, the footprints of the Twin Towers. The park is at street level, above the Me morial Museum. .The museum is designed to evoke memories without additional distress, particularly to first responders and the victims’ families.

Memorial

Fig 3.17 Reflecting pool depicting absence

Fig 3.18 The ritual of flowers in September 11 memorial

The Journey :

Memorial Plaza (entry ) ------------Many People names carved around the pool on Bronze panel ------- Reflecting Pool ------ Feeling of absence ;Void - Ritual - 9/11 Memorial Museum staff places a white rose at the name of each victim who has a birthday that day.

Museum Pavilion -(entry to museum) Deconstruction used -----Seems like Emerging from Ground .

Through Ramp one Gains Momentum & Enters Exhibits Region. 20 Ft Above head Hangs Piece of steel Weighing 5 tons & 35 ft long .

Slurry wall (3ft thick, concrete Barrier ,Studded with Iron Pilling ) Immovable Fragile-Ramp taking one 70 Ft below. The bedrock that rooted Twin Towers .

Timescape -- Algorithms collect headline related to 9/11 & Projects on Concrete wall -------- ‘Evoking the Attack Effect ’ series of Varying Volumes Helps in Evok ing Different Emotions ;Different remains of tower installed Along the journey to---create an impact on visitor .

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.19 View of Museum

Fig 3.20 section of museum

3.5 Jewish museum

Location : Berlin ,Germany

Architects : Daniel Libeskind

Gross Floor Area : 15,500 m2

Net Area : 12,500 m2

Exhibition Space : 9,500 m2

Office,workshop : 2,500 m2

Library Depots : 2000 m2

Architect’s Approach ( Daniel Libeskind):

Importance of Jews in History of Berlin (economic, Cultural , Intellectual )

Meaning of Holocaust (Physically & Spirit ually )

Void & Eeasure of Jewish life in Berlin .

Major Criteria of Design :

• The Form ----- An Exploded Star of David

• A sense of Distortion (through form).

• 3 Important Axes ---- Holocaust tower , exile , Continuity (to musueum the presence of Jews)

• Illusion ----- The facade zinc panel are not Cladded parallel ,to make one feel it is not orginate From ground .

• Material ----Zinc cladding ( rustic feel ) ,Changes with time (emphasis on cuts on Facade )

• Proportions --Different proportions used to Evoke different emotions .

• Openings ---Plan of Berlin Link Ad dress (German Judaisim )

• Projected on volumes to Create open ings .

• Voids ----- concrete towers With Sky light --Traverse the Building ---Depict ing Absence ---Only one is accessible ------Void of Memory -- ---Hearing Foot steps (Iron faces), Rustic smell and ap pearnance --showing Misery of people ---Visual connection with other Visitors .

• Play of light ---Artificial light used to Highlight paths -- Skylight used to high light Volume ------ Natural light used to Highlight scars on Building

• Varying Volumes------As one walks in museum volumes change.

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.23 Different angles used in Museum

Fig 3.22 Circulation in museum (3 axis )

Fig 3.21 Plan and conceptual model of the museum

About Museum : From the exterior, the interior looks as if it will be similar to the exterior perimeter; however, the interior spaces are extremely complex. Libeskind’s formulated promenade leads people through galleries, empty spaces, and dead ends. A significant portion o f the extension is void of windows and difference in materiality.The interior is composed of reinforced concrete which reinforces the moments of the empty spaces and dead ends where only a sliver of light is entering the space. It is a symbolic gesture by Libeskind for visitors to experience what the Jewish people during WWII felt, such that even in the darkest moments where you feel like you will never escape, a small trace of light restores hope. One of the most emotional and pow erful spaces in the building is a 66’ tall void that runs through the entire building. The concrete walls add a cold, overwhelming atmosphere to the space where the only light emanates from a small slit at the top of the space. The ground is covered in 10,000 coarse iron faces. A symbol of those lost dur ing the Holocaust; The Garden of Exile where once again the visitors feel lost among 49 tall concrete pillars that are covered with plants. The overbearing pillars make one lost and confused, but once look ing up to an open sky there is a mo ment of exaltation. Libeskind’s Jewish Museum is an emotional journey through history.

https://www.archdaily.com/91273/ad-classics-jewish-museum-berlin-daniel-libeskind https://libeskind.com/work/jewish-museum-berlin/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Museum_Berlin

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 3.25 View of Museum

Fig 3.24 Circulation in Museum

3.6 Comparitive Analysis :

A comparative analysis is done between 5 memorials, in different contexts ,build for different reasons (events ) in present world to understand the different ways in which emotions are depicted . The comparative analysis is done between the following me morials :

1. Vietnam Veterans Memorial,Washington D.c

2. World Pandemic Memorial ,Uruguay

3. National war memorial ,New delhi

4. September 11 memorial Museum, New york

5. Jewish Museum,Berlin

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

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Inference :

• Different angles ,volumes,scale and proportions used to depict the emotions .

• Visual permeability, void used to connect with nature ,context or surrounding.

• Landscape used to depict different emotions.

Covid Memorial

4. SITE STUDY AND DESIGN PROGRAM

This chapter justifies the site selection and comprises of site analysis. User analysis and Area program are also present in this chapter .

4.1 Site Selection :

Location : Bengaluru ,India

BENGALURU VERSUS OTHERS :

Barring Bengaluru and Pune, no other city crossed the figure of 1 lakh active cases through the first and the second waves of Covid-19 pandemic. Delhi came closest in the second wave with 99,752 cases on April 28, after which it showed signs of a decline in Covid-19 cases.

Mumbai recorded its highest active Covid-19 caseload on April 11 with 91,100 cases. In the first wave, Mumbai had touched the active caseload of 34,259 in September last year, while Delhi had gone up to 44,456 in November last year.

The current order of five cities with the highest active cases across India is: Bengaluru, Pune, Delhi, Ahmedabad and Mumbai. Of these cities, Bengaluru, Pune and Ahmedabad (68,513 on May 4) recorded their highest active caseload in May.

In this Bar graph ( Fig 4.2 ), it is clearly seen that Bengaluru was severely affected among other metropolitan cities in India During the Second wave of Covid-19.

Karnataka Health Minister Dr K Sudhakar said his department has decided to build it in a unique way in memory of doctors and paramedics, which will be on par with the War Memorial in New Delhi where anyone can go and pay their respects.

fig 4.1 is the Clip from newspaper stating the pro posal of covid-19 memorial dediacted to Frontline Health workers In Bengaluru,Karnataka.

https://www.indiatoday.in/coronavirus-outbreak/story/bengaluru-emerges-as-biggest-covid-19-epicentre-second-wave-s urge-1799532-2021-05-06

Fig 4.1 clipping from newspaper (Source : The Indian express)

Fig 4.2 Bar Graphs Showing comparison of major cities During second wave of Covid-19 (Source : Times of India )

Site Selection Criteria :

1. As it is dedicated to frontline health professionals, hospitals should be present near the location.( ease of accessibility if any events happens in the memorial )

2. If there are any well-kept parks in the neighborhood, as well as public places near the location.

3. Proximity to other tourist attractions.

4. Ease of access since it is Public space .

5. Since it is musem-memorial it should be a part of the museum circle of Bengaluru city.

Why Kormangla ?

Koramangala is one of Bangalore’s main neighbourhoods, located in the south-eastern section of the city.

Because of the numerous IT firms and institutions in the vicinity, Koramangala is pop ular with young tech employees and students.As a result, the younger generation will always be thankful and remember the Sacrifice ( motivation to do better ).

It is a part of Bengaluru’s Museum Circle . Many hospitals are in closer vicinity .

Despite being one of the most popular neighbourhood many parks are not well main tained .

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 4.3 Map showing Parks ,Institutes , open spaces,parks & grounds, NH & outer state High way in kormangala (Source : Open street map )

4.2 Site Analysis :

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Fig 4.4 Map showing Museum circle of Bengaluru and site location (Source : Google map )

Fig 4.5 Site Location (Source: google earth )

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 4.6 Accessibility to site (Source: google earth )

Fig 4.7 Tourist destination around the site (Source: google earth )

Fig 4.8 Land use map ( source : BDA) and current use of site images

Fig 4.9 Neighbourhood (immediate and within (500m-5km)

Analysis

Covid Memorial

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial Sunpath,Shadow analysis and Climatic Design considerations :

Slope Analysis :

Inference :

The region with steep slope cannot be used to build the built form ,can be used for placing Open air theater .

Majorly the site is flat so built form can be placed there

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Covid Memorial

Sensory & natural vegetation :

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Zoning :

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Inference :

Within 500m of site there are many open spaces

The Accessibility to site is easy to Navigate Padestrian : Kormangla - St john hospital skywalk

Vehicular : Service road , Marthalli-sarajpur road

Along the edge of the site there are many food kiosks,stalls which crowd the service road and add on to the traffice .

The ground Coverage acoding to Bylaws is 45 %

FAR - 2.25

Set back : 5m on all sides

The Drawback is the setback will take 5m all along the periphery of site : which can be used as service road /walkway around the site .

Only NH - 4 is close to the site ,it is a tourist atraction spot yet faraway from railways and airport .

The building Height in imediate context is 8- 24 m

--- so the museum-memorial ----- Create a certain Imageability with respect to height od built form will have to be in a closer range .)

The St John Junction is the Busiest one in the area

---the museum -memorial might ad to the existing Traffic

It is densely Packed area -- a combination of openclose ,built -Unbuilt to be Balanced

There are many Hospitals in the closer proxim ity

--- the medical feternity can easily acess the memorial ,if any event takes place .

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The Covid Memorial

W O T Analysis:

Strength :

Ease of Accessibilty ( Padestrian and Vehicular )

The vegetation (Nilgiri trees ) present along the wind direction ,the smell is spread all over, as well as it has high medicinal values .

Location : Many hospitals are located near by and one is adjacent to the site - ease of Accessibility For medical feternity ,if any event happens

Weakness :

Views from the site : all around there is only built form . so the views from site is mainly different buildings with different purposes .

The setback all along the periphery of site is 5 m .

Vehicular noise is high along the longest side of the site .

Oppourtunity :

to design in a urban context ,that not only fits within but also acts as rejuvinating space .

A place for people around the site ( medical staff ,patients , informal sessions ) to heal and relax .

Threat :

Since Emergency ward is next to site - constant ambulance noise can be heard all along the longest side of the site .

Since it is a public space it might add on to the existing traffic of the region.

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The Covid Memorial

4.3 Area statement :

The Government Museum, Bangalore

Industrial and Technological Museum

National Gallery Of Modern Art NIMHANS Brain Museum, Bangalore

No. of visitors during weekdays No. of visitors during weekdends

The Government Museum,…

Visvesvaraya Industrial

National Gallery Of Modern

NIMHANS Brain Museum,

No.of visitors per year

Fig 4.11 These graphs show the number of visitors in 4 different Museums in Bengaluru (Number of Visitors weekdays,weekends & annually ) ( Source : Author )

This area statement is done considering minimum of 300 to maximum of 1000 visitors . The above graph (Fig 4.11) is referred .

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Proximity chart :

Users & Their Possibility of spaces used :

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5. DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

5.1 Zoning :

Zoning :

Fig 5.1 Zoning on site

Zone 1 - since it is closer to hospital’s out patient department and already the traffic noise is more ,so the spaces that may act as buffer like parking are placed here .this zone also has library , administrative block , ticket counter , informatio desk,cloak room and toilet.these spaces are linked to each other and not add on to the existing noise .

Zone 2 - This region is flat and it even has nilgiri trees present ,so the main museum - memorial is placed here with healing pathway (consisting of memory pavilion,so lar trees, water collection funnels , & solar light seatings )

Zone 3 - This region is steep compared to whole site . the healing pavilion (consist ing of endangered medicinal plant species of karnataka),open Air theater , canteen and food kiosk. Padestrian entry is present here since bust stop and landing of sky walk is present here .

Memorial

SITE PLAN

Memorial

Site sections :

5.2.2 Analysis Drawing & Views :

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Covid Memorial

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 5.2 :The View of vehicular entrance node

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 5.3 : The View of The pond of spread - the path of Knowledge .(shaded Walkway)

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 5.4 : The Pedestrian entrance .(shaded Plaza)

5.3 Block details :

5.3 .1 The Museum - Memorial Block :

The museum-memorial block is the focal point of the overall site design. This interactive exhibit immerses visitors in the experiences of frontline health professionals dealing with the current outbreak. The memorial pavilion is located over the gratitude ward and is part of the museum.

There is a large void in the memorial pavilion from which we can see the gratitude ward.Their absence is represented by the void. It conveys the idea that their absence should never be forgotten, and that we should constantly express our gratitude. The monument is constructed out of gaps in a geodesic dome. As a result, the monument is emphasized throughout the night.

The museum is surrounded by an earth mound.This mound dampens road noise and is adorned with flowers such as lavender, lilac, and carnations, which represent love, protection, dedication, healing, and passion.

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The Covid Memorial

Fig 5.5 The view of museum -memorial block .

Anxiety

Dark spaces absence of 90degree sharp edges Repetitive structures

Sadness Happiness Hope

Fig 5.8 : Emotions & Architectural features

Transition from bright space to  dark space dead ends Too many ways

Play of colors Rose window visual penetrability sense of movement

Interacting spaces Green spaces open spaces

Source : Case study

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

Architectural Features:Emotions:

Fig 5.9 : Architectural features In Museum

5.3.2

The Library - Human Library Block :

The library and human library block are strategically located near the hospital and main entrance, allowing health care workers and students easy access.It will not contribute to the noise because it is a library.

The human library has a one-on-one conversation place (with a view of the pause pavil ion and vegetation) as well as a group discussion area (in the central courtyard). The library has several openings to the north, as well as a view of the spread pond. There is a seating space both outside and inside.

The podcast cubicle is at one end of the block , with no views because it is in a closed enclosure with acoustical materials on the walls.

Fig 5.10 : Exploded view of the Library- Human library

Fig 5.11 : view of the Library- Human library Entrance

Covid Memorial

Fig 5.12 : view of the Library- Indoor reading Area

Section of Library

Plan of Library

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial

6. Conclusion :

Creating a memorial-musuem taught me a whole new perspective on what architecture is and what influence it can have.

In an urban setting, designing an experiential museum-memorial was a difficult undertak ing.I realised there were a lot of elements to consider when planning the journey.

To comprehend how one feels when entering that area, how that space affects the feel of hu man emotions, and whether or not that space is truly welcoming and soothing. And in order to grasp this, we must go into the smallest of details, such as a small slit in the wall.

A memorial necessitates several spaces: a space to grieve, a space to console oneself, a space for learning, a room to halt and reflect, and a space for healing.

I’ve also learned that the process of creating the memorial is far more significant than the ultimate result, because it is during the pro cess that one tends to focus on the minute aspects, and comprehend how well the overall notion sinks in if these small bits and pieces are placed together.Understanding the jour ney is a whole task while the pandemic is still goin on.

I am grateful for the opportunity to study me morial design because the topic’s limitless po tential in understanding the emotions that can be achieved through architecture is limitless, and this aspect of architecture is something that needs to be explored further and imple mented in other architectural spaces.

After all, it’s all about creating a sense of place and making user experience the whole.

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The Covid Memorial

-1

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22. https://www.archdaily.com/945873/worlds-first-large-scale-covid-memorial-designed-for-vi ctims-of-the-pandemic

23. https://www.gomezplatero.com/en/proyecto/memorial-pandemic/

24. https://www.archdaily.com/774717/spotlight-maya-lin

25. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(India)

26. https://www.archdaily.com/91273/ad-classics-jewish-museum-berlin-daniel-libeskind

27. https://www.911memorial.org/visit/museum

Interview :

A google form survey was conducted in order to gain a better understanding of the circumstances of frontline health professionals in order to design their journey and help other museum visitors understand their experience during the covid crisis.

This survey received responses from 26 frontline health professionals, and the results are summarised in Fig 2.17 & 2.18 .

Question : What kind of cov id-19 cases did the hospital where you worked deal with? Number of responses: 26 re sponses.

Question :Were you afraid when this illness first ap peared? Number of responses: 26 re sponses.

Question : What problems and hurdles did initial wave present ? Number of responses: 26 responses.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Question : Was this infec tion passed down within your family/closed ones? Number of responses: 26 responses.

Question title: What kept you going over this peri od?(different ways to keep yourself motivated). Number of responses: 26 responses.

Question title: During this time, how did you handle the patients and their fami lies?(your experience while treating them). Number of responses: 26 responses.

Question title: What was your family's reaction, and how did they deal with stress and provide support at this time?. Number of responses: 26 responses.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Question title: What problems and hurdles did Second wave present ?. Number of respons es: 26 responses.

Question title: How did you handle the distinction between the first and second wave of covid-19?(mention the dif ferent challenges You faced during this span). Number of responses: 26 responses.

Question title: How many times have you been impact ed by Covid-19?. Number of responses: 26 responses.

Question title: Are you pre pared for the third wave of covid-19?. Number of respons es: 26 responses.

PARIVARTHAN

The Covid Memorial

Question : What effect did the PPE gear have on you? Number of responses: 26 re sponses.

Emotion: Anxiety. Number of responses: 26 responses.

Emotion : Fear. Number of responses: 26 responses.

Emotion : Hope. Number of responses: 26 responses.

Emotion : Happiness. Number of responses: 26 responses.

PARIVARTHAN

Covid Memorial

PARIVARTHAN The Covid Memorial