Remembering The Forgotten By Sam Tipping 77250797 Displace_Non_Place Studio Tutor: George Epolito
Contents 01 Project Introduction And General Research: 1-5
02 The Forgotten 6-16
03 Analysing The Forgotten 17-25
04 Developing A Program 26-48
05 Introducing The Story Of The Machine: 49-51
06 The Final Story Of The Machine: 52-84
CHAPTER 01 Project Introduction And General Research
Chapter Summary: A general overview of the project location, site and introducing the group research assignment.
Project Location The project is located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Within the city, is an abandoned prison called Caseros Prison. This is the site for my project
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The Caseros Prison Site The current site conditions in isometric:
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Group Research Matrix Website As a group, we developed a group research matrix to gather information on Latin America, Argentina and Buenos Aires. My area of research was Utilities. This included Water, electricity and internet provisions across the 3 scales.
Link To Group Website Home Page: https://howardkent.wixsite.com/mysite Link To Utilities Section: https://howardkent.wixsite.com/mysite/utilities
Extracts From My Research: Note: more detailed research can be found in the above links
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A Recurring Theme In Group Research: Inequality And Poverty When looking through the body of knowledge that we created as a group, the theme of inequality and poverty was evident in almost all sections, from food poverty to electricity inequality. This sparked an interest in the poverty ridden areas of Buenos Aires: Villa Miserias
What Is A Villa Miseria? Villa Miserias are Shanty Towns or slums within Argentina. In Buenos Aires, there are over 1000 settlements classed as a Villa Miseria.
Why Do Villa Miserias Form? Forgotten By The Government? As seen in the article headline, Villa Miserias are not seen as legal residences. This means that the government do not legally have to supply the settlements with basic utilities. Therefore, we see an inequality within the city.
No Legal Energy Supply
No Waste Collection (4)
No Food Security
El Marginal Netflix Series: A Villa Like Community Within The Prison
The Netflix series El Marginal is set in the abandoned Caseros Prison that is the site. The show highlights issues in inequality, poverty and corruption in Buenos Aires. The main stage for the show is the prison courtyard. The prison inmates make a Villa like community within the courtyard.
The Villa Like Culture In The Series:
The most obvious connection between the series and the Villas is the appearance of structures in the courtyard: temporary, self built structures. However, deeper connections can be made, such as the lack of government care, unofficial ‘laws’ and order. Much like in El Marginal, Villa communities function on their own, almost like a city within a city that takes care of themselves.
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CHAPTER 02 The Forgotten
Chapter Summary: Introducing the theme of the forgotten. Includes Brainstorm, Palimpsest And New To Old Detail assignments
Initial Iteration Of Brainstorm Exercise: The Forgotten This Brainstorm shows how the theme of the forgotten runs through the early stages of the project. Often subconsciously, the theme was always a starting point in all my assignments.
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Final Iteration Of Brainstorm Exercise: The Forgotten
The second iteration of my brainstorm helped me identify the 3 main categories of ‘forgotten’ that I was going to explore further. Forgotten Architecture, Forgotten Prison and Forgotten Villas.
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The Forgotten
The 3 main pillars of ‘Forgotten’ that underpin my project: 1) The forgotten Villas: Shanty Towns ignored by the government. 2) The Forgotten Prison: Abandoned for over a decade and in a state of decay. 3) Forgotten Architecture: “Ruins occur when a better alternative arrises” Can the ruin be brought back to life?
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The ‘Forgottens’ Meet The Forgotten Villas meet the Forgotten Prison and therefore, meet Forgotten Architecture. How can the 3 be combined to create a remembered space? Can the ruin be revitalised?
I created a simile between the Villas and a boat on the top of the ocean. Theres so much life and culture in the Villas that cant be seen on the surface. You have to go deeper to appreciate it.
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Understanding Villa Culture: Typical Neighbourhood Study Looking at the culture of a typical Villa neighbourhood. Most people view the Villas as negative spaces surrounded by crime, poverty and quality of life. However, the culture is rich and has a sense of community like no other. How do Villas function and what positives can I take from them?
1) A Typical Villa Structure: Market On Ground Floor
2) Street Level Markets Act As Social Hubs
3) The Streets Act As Social Spaces
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4) Waste Issue In Villas Could Be Architectural Opportunity
Taking Positives From Villa Culture: Market and Self Build Culture
Market Culture: The markets located in Villas are lively and exciting. They are used not only as markets but as social spaces.They are also the primary source of income for many Villa residents Community Build Culture: Most structures in Villas are owner built. They are usually built by families and grow as the family does.
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Detail Design Synopsis: Villa Residents Involved At All Stages
The new to old detail assignment tasked us with developing a connection between new and old I decided to try and involve Villa residents from start to finish to create a self build detail. The new to old detail can revitalise Forgotten Architecture as well as Forgotten Villas by involving Villa residents at all stages. The detail I have designed is a low-tech adaptation of high-tech tensile details.
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Stage 1 And 2 Of Detail Design: Waste Issue And Community Collection In Villas
The Villas have a significant waste issue. Since they are not recognised as legal settlements, waste collection isn’t always provided by the government. Therefore, theres an abundance of waste which, is left to residents to collect and sort. This is a choice made by the community as they have a strong sense of pride in their surroundings. Over 90% of Villa waste plastic ends up in landfill. Can I recycle this in my detail?
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Stage 3 And 4 Of Detail Design: Turning Waste To Architecture And Encouraging Community Build I turned waste plastic bags into tensile membranes by laminating sheets using watered down flexible adhesive. This process helps reduce the waste issue in Villas. This is an easy technique which, unskilled Villa residents could partake in. Involving the residents at the construction stage.
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Stage 5 Of Detail Design: Developing A Design Villa Residents Can Build The design I developed utilises the waste from Villas to create a tensile canopy. The low tech approach can be built by Villa residents. The detail went through many iterations to connect the old courtyard walls to the new tensile canopy made from laminated waste plastics.
Precedent
Making The Detail
Design Iterations
Final Design: 1:1 Model and Isometric
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Stage 6 Of Detail Design: Villa Residents Use Final Space Created By Detail The forgotten Villas and Forgotten Prison are revitalised by the new to old detail design. Life is brought to both the prison and the community. The Villa market culture is brought to the site and the large courtyard encourages a social atmosphere like we see in the existing Villas.
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CHAPTER 03 Analysis Of The Forgottens Chapter Summary: Analysing the 3 forgottens identified in previous chapter. Includes Dialectic site analysis assignment.
Dialectic Analysis Of Forgotten Prison Dialectic site analysis involves analysing a site and then proposing an opposite. This made me think of the site in a more personal way rather than quantitive traditional analysis. It also Brings up an interesting idea of opposites. This page includes the topics: Texture, Materiality, Lighting, Structure and Circulation
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Dialectic Analysis Of Forgotten Prison The reoccurring theme that I began to notice during this research was that the prison is calm and ordered. This contrasted with chaos and lively spaces often seen in the Villas of Buenos Aires. This page includes the topics: Enclosure, Proportion, Form, Detailing and Urban Layout
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Dialectic Analysis Of Forgotten Prison To conclude on this process, I noticed that many of the categories I selected contrasted the Villas and the prison. This lead to the next page which, is a dialectic analysis between the two. This page includes the topics: Vegetation, Ground Plane, Population Density, Height and Cleanliness
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Dialectic Analysis Of Forgotten Prison And Forgotten Villas I decided to propose the Villas as the antithesis to the thesis of the forgotten Prison. The Villas have many opposite conditions to the prison. This could create an interesting proposal for opposites combining.
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Synthesis 2.5d Collage Of Forgotten Prison This collage shows the thesis and antithesis coming together in one image. The ripped paper reveals the hidden characteristics of the prison. This collage looks at the following topics: Enclosure, Floor Plan, Plan Layout, Lighting and Structure.
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Synthesis 2.5d Collage Of Forgotten Prison and Forgotten Villas This collage aims to show the always growing chaos of the Villas compared to the static calmness of the prison. This is an idea that I am going to develop further and later becomes a key theme of the project. This collage shows the following topics: Density, Urban Layout, Population Density and Growth.
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Chaos Theory “Within the apparent randomness of chaotic systems there are underlying patters, interconnections, constant feedback loops, repetition and self organisation” Paul Halpen
Is The Rapid Expansion Of The Villas As Random As It First Seems? From aerial images, the expansion seems chaotic and random. There appears to be no logic to the layout. Are there any hidden rules to the Villa expansion?
Hidden Rules Behind Villa Expansion: 1) Horizontal Expansion Follows Vertical Expansion 2) Cubic Volume Structures (almost like modules) 3) Streets Always Act As Social Spaces
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Modelling The Hidden Patterns Of Villa Growth The main patterns of the expansion of Villas is the horizontal expansion following vertical expansion. The cubic forms expand upwards for 3/4 storeys before expanding horizontally. This happens as families grow and build the structures upwards themselves. These forms are often Cubic so I used Wooden Blocks to model the growth in a simplified way.
1) The first initial structure. A 1 storey cubic settlement
4) Once the vertical limit is reached, they begin to expand horizontally
2) The second storey is added when more space is needed
5) The horizontal expansions then grow vertically to 3/4 storeys.
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3) Vertical growth usually stops around 3/4 storeys of cubic forms.
6) The process then repeats itself creating rapidly expanding Villas
The Rapid Growth Of Villas In Buenos Aires The Villas are currently expanding at 50% every decade. The below expansion projection is based off this rate. This will lead to the site being engulfed by 2150.
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CHAPTER 04 Developing A Programme
Chapter Summary: Setting the scene for my project and showing my initial ideas in sketches, iterations and models. Involves synoptic program assignment.
Setting The Scene For My Project: 2150 The Formation Of Villa 1 The year 2150: The rapid expansion of the Villas, seen previously, Social unrest and anger within the community cause Villa residents to form a city within a city. This city will be named Villa 1. The unified Villa community develop their own political structure and decide to become self sufficient. The residents of Villa 1 decide that the prison site is going to be the hub for supplying Villa 1 with resources.
1) Villa residents are forgotten by the government and live in poor conditions.
2) Residents become unhappy with conditions and riots break out.
3) The rapid growth and social unrest of Villas causes a city within a city to form called Villa 1.
4) Villa 1 forms it’s own government and develop their own community.
5) Villa 1 decides to become self sufficient and creates all resources themselves.
6) Caseros Prison becomes the hub for resource creation and distribution
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Year 2150: Villa 1 Forms Around Caseros Prison The Collage shows that Villa 1 will surround the site in 2150 creating a city within a city.
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2150, The Characteristics Of Villa 1: Based on my research of Villas I developed characteristics for Villa 1 these will be vital in shaping my design.
Emphasis On Recycling
Market Culture
Seperate Political System
Self Build Culture
Self Sufficient
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First Ideas For A Program: A Self Sufficient Machine Supplying Villa 1 My Programme has 2 main elements: 1) Creating resources for Villa 1: A recycling centre, farms and workshops to create resources for Villa 1 2) Distributing resources to Villa 1: A market similar to Villa street markets.
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The Resource Flow Of The Program: Self Sufficient Resource Supplying For Villa 1 The Flow is a cycle system involving recycling, farming, workshops and markets. This will supply most of Villa 1 with resources.
RECYCLING PLANT: Sorting and recycling waste from Villa 1. This recycled waste is then sent to workshops to create resources for Villa 1. WORKSHOPS: Woodwork and textile workshops turn recycled waste into products that can be distributed at the on-site market. These will be modular. FARMS: Inner city farms located at the prison provide another input into the markets. They will supply mainly food resources and will also be modular DISTRIBUTING RESOURCES IN MARKET: Sorting and recycling waste from Villa 1. This recycled waste is then sent to workshops to create resources for Villa 1. RESOURCES USED ACROSS VILLA 1: The resources from the market are used across Villa 1 by Villa residents. RESOURCES EVENTUALLY BECOME WASTE: The resources become waste in Villa 1 and are brought back to site to the recycling centre. THE CYCLE THEN REPEATS
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Concept Precedent: Fun Palace Concept The Fun Palace is a conceptual design by Cedric Price. It involves only the structure being permanent and modules plugged in and out when needed.
Adapting The Fun Palace Concept To Fit My Program Adaptable modules for changing requirements of Villa 1. This will be a constantly changing, chaotic appearing design. The design will rarely look the same as modules are added and taken away to meet varying needs. These modules will include workshops and farms to supply resources for the onsite market.
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Concept Development: Order And Chaos, Setting Rules Within always changing chaos caused by adaptable modules, is order. The structural system and the cores will be the only permanent part of the design. These are the framework that the chaos will grow from.
2150: The structural system and cores are the order before the chaos
2151: Chaos Begins: essential farming and workshop modules are plugged in
2155: Less essential modules can be added and others are removed
2160: Chaos as modules continuously change to meet demands. Order remains the same
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Fluctuating Food Demands: The Need For Constantly Changing Modules In My Program Throughout history, Buenos Aires has gone through repeating cycles of food shortage and food abundance. In times of food shortage, my resource creation programme will have to be focused more on farming. In times of food abundance, the farming modules can be adapted into workshops, recycling etc. Information From Group Research Website by Kate Hopkins and Ayomide Adediran: https://howardkent.wixsite.com/mysite/copy-of-latin-america
Shortage
1989: Riots Break Out In Buenos Aires Due To Food Shortage Caused By Inflation Poorer residents were unable to afford food during this period due to increasing prices. This included most Villa residents.
Abundance
2003-2007: Nestor Kirchiner’s Regime Bounce Back Economically. Food Prices Drop Economic growth rate of 9% a year. Inflation reduced dramatically. Food prices drop leading to food security for residents of Buenos Aires.
Shortage
2008: Buenos Aires Biggest Food Crisis Due To Strikes From Farming Industry Buenos Aires suffered food shortage as export duties on farming was cut. This led to farming industry striking meaning lack of food production.
Abundance
2012: Kristina Kirchner’s Regime: Food Security Increases Due To Economic Growth Food prices drop across Argentina due to economic successes. This is the biggest bounce back in the cycle.
Shortage 2019- Present Day: Ongoing Food Shortages Across Latin America Caused By Covid Food Shortage Across Latin America Due to Corona Virus especially in poorest areas.
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Concept Diagram: Modular Adaptation To Fluctuating Food Availability: This diagram shows scenarios at the extremes of the food availability in Villa 1 and how the modules could adapt, continuously grow and change to meet the always changing resource needs.
SCENARIOS:
SCENARIO 1: Extreme Food Abundance: The Modules are a mixture of farming and workshops to allow for both food creation and resource creation.
SCENARIO 2: Declining Into Food Shortage: Modules are transformed into Farming modules to combat the growing food crisis.
SCENARIO 3: Extreme Food Shortage: Extra Farm modules have to be constructed to supply food during extreme shortage. Causing chaotic growth.
SCENARIO 4: Coming Out Of Food Shortage The newly constructed farming modules can be transformed back to workshop modules as theres no need for all farms.
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The Basic Mapping Principle: Raw resources come into the design from one side and manufactured resources come out the other end at the market.
Initial Schematic Mapping: Ordered Market And Chaotic Resource Creation
The Schematic Plan is split into 2 main sections. 1) The Ordered, permanent Market and storage. 2) The Chaotic, always changing Resource Creation And Farming The Resource creation section is always changing and growing to meet the resource needs of Villa 1 residents.
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Developing Schematic Map Into A Concept Image
Conceptual Isometric Showing Varying Uses Of Program
The Schematic Plan is split into 2 main sections. 1) The Ordered, permanent Market and storage. 2) The Chaotic, always changing Resource Creation And Farming The Resource creation section is always changing and growing to meet the resource needs of Villa 1 residents.
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How Conceptual Isometric Would Adapt To Scenarios 4 Extreme Scenarios Of The Fluctuating Food Availability: (This is a repeating cycle causing constantly adapting/growing chaos)
SCENARIO 1: Extreme Food Abundance: Farm and Workshop Modules
SCENARIO 2: Going Into Food Shortage: Workshop Modules adapted to make farm modules
SCENARIO 3: Extreme Food Shortage: More Farm Modules Built To Meet Demand
SCENARIO 4: Coming Out Of Food Shortage: Farm Modules Adapted to make workshop modules as farms no longer needed
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Program Synopsis
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Connections: 1) Community Build Culture In Forgotten Villas 2) Market Culture In Forgotten Villas 3) Forgotten Cultures Meet In Forgotten Prison 4) Forgotten Prison Utilised For Market 5) Encouraging SelfBuild Through Simple Design
6) Bringing The Forgotten Prison To Life 7) Chaotic Villas Compared To Calm Prison 8) Synthesis Analysis Of Forgotten Prison 9) The Always Growing Villas 10) Rapid Growth Appears Chaotic
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11) Chaotic Appearing Villas/Chaotic Appearance To Concept 12) Order Behind The Chaos In My Concept 13) Order Behind Chaos In Villas 14) Order And Chaos 15) Order Before Chaos
Program Summary Video Link https://youtu.be/kcHABI44aJ8
Initial Program Sketch Conceptual Section AA: Showing Varying Uses
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Adaptable Resource Creation Modules Grow From Superstructure
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5m 2m
10m
Market Storage
Market Entrance
Outdoor Market
Indoor Market (39)
Raw Resource Sorting
Resource Flow In Conceptual Section This flow diagram shows the linear resource flow of my program.
The basic principle is Raw resources in one way, Processed resources out the other way.
1) Raw resources from Villa 1 enter the system 2) The raw resources are then sorted into different materials 3) The sorted materials are then taken to the relevant modules for processing eg. wood work workshops 4) Processed resources from the farms and workshops are then taken to down to the markets.
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5) Processed resources are transferred from the modules to the varying markets. 6) Some of the resources are to be distributed in an indoor market. 7) The rest of the resources are distributed in the outdoor market or put in storage in the prison. 8) The distributed resources all leave the system to Villa 1.
Initial Sketches That Lead To First Iteration These sketches show my initial ideas for a superstructure that towers above the markets below. This superstructure was regular and ordered. Within this superstructure, the chaotic growth of modular farms and workshops would occur. The superstructure stands above the prison with stilt like trusses at the back of the prison and within the courtyards. This lead to my first design iteration on the next page however, this was only my first iteration and my design took a major turn after this.
2149: Ordered Market Constructed By Villa 1
2150: Ordered Superstructure Constructed
2150 Onwards: Chaotic Resource Creation Grows From Superstructure
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An Initial Iteration Issue: Too Permanent
Following all my development, I arrived at my first iteration of a design however, it had problems which, are discussed below. However, despite the unsuccessful first iteration of design, there are aspects that I took forward into my final design seen in the next chapter. The initial iteration suggested a rigid grid that towered above the market that chaotic growth of farms, workshops and social spaces grow within (Seen Right). This marks a turning point in my project where I began looking at scaffolding architecture (next page) to allow for easy expansion and contraction of structures.
ISSUES With This Iteration
POSITIVES To Take Forward From This Iteration
DIRECTION MOVING FORWARD
1) The superstructure was too rigid and confined the growth to the rectangular form of the superstructure.
1) The truss system works efficiently as a stilt like superstructure.
Following on from this unsuccessful iteration, I looked at the successes and failures and will take this direction:
2) The cores and superstructure are too permanent and defeat the purpose of self build that I am trying to promote.
2) I learnt that the superstructure does not have to be so permanent.
Instead of a large, rectangular superstructure, smaller structures will be designed that do not define the space of the towers.
3) The superstructure does not allow for chaotic growth as it is too rigid.
3) I learnt that the superstructure needs to be less restrictive and must allow Villa 1 residents to take their own direction
These will be inspired by scaffolding.
rather than confining them to a rectangular superstructure.
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A Need For Temporality: Scaffolding Study
Following on from the first design iteration, I realised that a less permanent approach was needed that would allow the structure to grow and contract naturally rather than being confined to the space of a superstructure. I looked to scaffolding which, utilises simple connections that Villa residents could construct themselves to meet the resource needs of the community.
These examples of scaffolding architecture made me think about playfulness and the spaces between the scaffolding, transporting resources around the scaffolding etc.
Scaffolding Components:
Study of the components that make up scaffolding allowing for a lightweight structure.
Horizontal Brace 4 Prong Ladder Brace
Fixed Platform
Fixed Bracing
Vertical Bracing Ladder
Stabaliser
Adjustable Leg Castor
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First Iterations Of Scaffolding-like Adaptable Module: 1 Module Adapts To All
Following on from my scaffolding study, I began developing a scaffolding like module that can adapt to meet varying needs of the Villa. Users can adapt the modules to be farms, workshops and social spaces.
Sketch Ideas Of Adaptations
Initial Module Isometric
Basic Module
Extendable
Add Panels
Plug In And Out Of Structure
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First Iterations Of Scaffolding-like Adaptable Module: Construction And Adaptations The scaffolding module is constructed using simple bolted joints.
The idea behind the first iteration of module design is that it can be constructed easily by Villa residents..
Construction Sequence Of Scaffolding Module
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First Iterations Of Scaffolding-Like Adaptable Module: Adapting For Specific Uses The Module can be adapted by simple construction to meet the different need of farming and workshop modules.
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The Whole System Instead Of Individual Modules
This sketch shows a realisation I had after designing the first iterations of modules and that is that I needed to design this as a whole system not individual modules. I realised I should design a set of parts to allow for chaotic, scaffolding like structures that grow around the prison. My focus shifted towards a set of parts that can allow for modules to be created in a more chaotic way by Villa residents. This will allow for a more play-full atmosphere with pulley systems, level changes and always changing modules Creating a self build Villa like structure.
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Physically Modelling Playful Atmosphere In Scaffolding Structures This model shows a physical concept model, which builds on the previous drawing, of a small area of a resource creation tower (these will be a lot taller in the towers). The scaffolding systems have a playful atmosphere utilising pulleys, play areas and spaces in-between. The spaces in-between can be used for children to play, recreation etc.
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CHAPTER 05 Introducing The Story Of The Machine Supplying Villa 1 Chapter Summary: Acts as a summary of my final chapter and outlines how i will show my final design graphically.
The 3 Stages Of The Story
The next chapter will describe the story of my final design, which takes place over a long period of time due to the always changing modular resource creation towers. The machine produces and distributes resources to Villa 1 and utilises workshop and farming modules to produce these resources. The story will be split into 3 stages: the market, the growth and finally the working machine.
1) The Ordered Market
2) Growth Of Resource Creation Towers Constructed By Villa Residents
3) Functioning Machine Supplying Villa 1 With Resources
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Community Ran Machine: Characters From Villa 1 Allowing Machine To Function These icons will represent the different Villa 1 users that work or socialise in the self sufficient machine and will show how they are involved in the story of the machine. The machine is community ran by the Villa 1 residents and relies on residents working, socialising and maintaining the space. These Icons Will Be Used Throughout The Story To Represent The Different Members Of The Community Using Spaces
WORKING CHARACTERS USING SPACES SOCIAL CHARACTERS USING SPACES
Farm Workers / Maintenance
Workshop Workers / Maintenance
Market Workers / Maintenance
Bio-waste Workers / Maintenance
Scaffolding Builder / Maintenance
Social Group Meeters
Children Of The Above
Social Market Shopper
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The Importance Of Community And Connectivity: Running Like A Machine The project developed a simile to machines, as each part of the project relied on other parts to function for example, the markets rely on resource creation towers to supply resources to be sold in the market. The below image shows the main components of my program and the users (Villa 1 residents) who utilise them to ensure that the machine runs smoothly
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CHAPTER 06 The Final Story Of The Machine
Chapter Summary: Showing the chronological construction of the design, which takes place over many years starting in 2149.
PART 1 OF THE STORY 2149: Ordered Market Is Constructed The market is the starting point of the prison redevelopment and is the main space occupying the prisons main courtyard and ground floor. The market is used to distribute resources across Villa 1 whilst also acting as a social space. The market is built first to prepare for the resources that will be created in later stages of the project construction.
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Forming A Market Arcade Around The Courtyard Perspective section This section cuts through the outdoor and indoor markets that are connected by vaults. These vaults utilise the existing structural walls that once separated the prison cells and allow an arcade to form around the market with indoor markets on one side and outdoor markets on the other side. This acts as a market street similar to those seen in the Villa Miserias. The 1st floor on the section is storage for the markets in cases when there is a resource surplus. The canopy uses recycled plastic bags that are laminated to create shading modules and utilises the new to old detail seen in chapter 02. (pages 14, 15 & 16)
1:100 Scale At Paper Size 450mm x 450mm
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Busy Market Atmosphere Site Isometric And Viewpoints For 3d Visuals The market utilises the larger courtyard of the site to allow a large outdoor space that is wrapped by an arcade almost creating a street between the indoor and outdoor markets The entrance to the market is located on the park side of the site to allow people to leisurely walk between the markets and the park.
3d Visuals These 3d visuals show the busy atmosphere of the various market areas similar to the social spaces they are in the Villa Miserias. The vaults are key in the market spaces for connecting the indoor markets and the outdoor market. The recycled, laminated plastic sheet canopy shades the outdoor market.
1) Main entrance to market areas
2) Looking into a vault connecting indoor and outdoor markets
4) The main view of the indoor and outdoor markets showing the shading canopy, vaults and busy market atmosphere.
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3) Looking Out a vault into the outdoor market
A Sustainable, Self Build Canopy 1:20 Shading Canopy Sections (Developing new to old detail seen in chapter 2) The main aim of the shading canopy is to protect against the Northern sun. The shading canopy is made from recycled plastic sheets that are laminated to create stronger modules. Making A Recycled Plastic Tensile Module: https://youtu.be/OyuPidv296U
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1) Reinforced Concrete Footer 2) Reinforced Concrete Base 3) Stainless Steel Anchors 4) Stainless Steel Base Plate 5
5) Stainless Steel I Section Column
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6) Stainless Steel Rectangular Hollow Section 7) Stainless Steel Plate And Clip 8) Stainless Steel Cable Tightening 9) Steel Tension Cables 4
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PART 2 AND 3 OF THE STORY 2150 Onwards: The Self Build Growth Of The Machine And A Functioning ‘Final’ Machine These stages of the story focus on the growth of the resource creation towers full of farms, workshops and social spaces for Villa 1 residents. The structures grow to meet the increasing resource demands of the constantly growing, Villa 1. I have designed a scenario of this growth however, since the structure is built by Villa 1 residents, there are infinite ways the structures could be built. The final outcome, in part 3 of the story, is an example of how a functioning, self sufficient machine could look.
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Expanding And Contracting Structure To Meet Villa 1 Resource Demands
As previously stated, the Villas experience fluctuating resource demands therefore, the resource creation towers will expand and contract to mee the varying needs of Villa 1. The scaffolding inspired structure allows Villa residents to easily expand and contract the structures.
TIME (Timeframe unknown as expansion could take 5 years or could take 100 dependant on the resource needs of Villa 1
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2150: The Functioning Machine Supplying Villa 1 With Resources Perspective section This section shows a fully functioning, self sufficient machine supplying Villa 1 with resources. The towers housing adaptable farming and workshop modules create resources such as food and woodwork that are distributed in the market. Pulley systems and shoots transport resources around the towers and into the prison to be sorted and taken to the markets. The machine is ran by Villa 1 residents who, build the structure themselves using simple scaffolding like technologies.
1:100 Scale At Paper Size 450mm x 450mm
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Metaphysical Experience: Glimpses Of Towers Around Site Perspective Collages/Photomontages These metaphysical collages focus on atmosphere, human perception and texture. They focus on the glimpses of towers you can see within the site. The towers appear as silhouettes as the Northern sun passes behind them.
Montage Explanations The montage on the left shows the busy atmosphere of the market which, acts as a social meeting space as well as a market. The towers peak between the prison wall and the shading canopy creating a slight viewpoint of the towers from the market. The two montages on the right show how the prison windows provide a glimpse to the towers and as you move around the prison you get different views of them. The montages also show the old palimpsest of the old prison walls filled with scratches and drawings of ex-prisoners
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Towers Utilise And Connect To The Existing Prison Rooftop Site isometrics: Growing To ‘Final’ Form The series of isometrics shows the growth of the towers from the back of the prison and the two smaller courtyards. In the final Isometric, you can see that these towers grow to connect onto the roof. There are 4 main towers for resource creation which home farms and workshops. The resources from these towers are sent to rooftop docking bays where they are then sent down to the markets below. The waste from these towers is sent to the waste sorting and Bio-waste fuelled combined heat and power tower.
Market Canopy The market canopy shades the market below, as previously dis-
Prison Roof Open Farming Once the towers are connected to the roof, the roof is used as an
Connected By Pulley Systems Resources are transported around site by an extensive low-tech
cussed ,providing a comfortable space.
open top farm with larger growing beds.
pulley network.
Resource Docking Bays These scaffolding like structures on the prisons roof are used for
Resource Creation Towers There are 4 resource creation towers which house modular work-
Waste Sorting And Bio-waste Fuelled CHP Tower On site waste is sorted and separated. Bio-waste is used as a fuel
bringing resources produced in the towers towers, such as woodwork, into the prison to be taken to the market
shops and farms to produce resources to be distributed at the market
in a combined heat and power system. Located centrally to allow for easy pulley system connections to all towers for waste to be transported in.
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2150 Onwards: The Expansion And Contraction Of Resource Creation Towers (1/2) Isometric Of Resource Creation Tower Changing Over Time The diagram below shows the pattern of growth seen in Villas shown on page 24. It shows vertical growth first and then horizontal growth following. This pattern will also be seen in the resource creation towers. Villa 1 residents will build upwards adding workshop and farms modules vertically before reaching the top of the vertical limit. Then they will expand horizontally taking over the roof of the prison. Building supplies and resources from the farms and workshops are transported around the site by an extensive pulley system.
Video Showing Expansion And Contraction: https://youtu.be/YQhiuG2T_5Q
The Stages Of Growth Of Resource Creation Towers: 1) An initial truss tower and base framework are constructed. This can be likened to a tree in a tree house. They are the foundation that the towers grow around. They are made from steel scaffolding like modules that can be extended and added to easily via clips. 2) The base framework is extended vertically to create the first few layers that modular farms, workshops and social spaces are built within. These modules are not permanent and can be adapted by users. These produce resources to be distributed at the on site market to Villa 1. 3) As Villa 1 grows, more resources are required to meet the demands of the growing population this means that vertical growth happens. Scaffolding columns and beams are clipped onto the existing framework in a self build format. Then, once the framework is extended, additional modules are built within the framework to account for the increasing demand 4) This process repeats until the vertical limit of the towers is reached. Then, following the pattern of Villa growth, horizontal expansion begins. Residents expand the towers horizontally and connect them to the prison roof. This introduces the roof into the system where farms and workshops can be erected on a larger scale.
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2150 Onwards: The Expansion And Contraction Of Resource Creation Towers (2/2) Isometric Of Resource Creation Tower Changing Over Time The last 2 images of the sequence show the critical moment of the tower growth. When the tower reaches vertical capacity, horizontal growth occurs and the roof of the prison is connected to the towers. The scaffolding structures grow and connect to the roof and from this moment onwards, the prison roof becomes part of the system with extra farms being built on the roof.
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Playing With Familiarity The towers in my design draw forms and technologies from the Villa Miserias to provide familiarity for users. Due to the self build nature of the towers, it is important that the structure is similar in form to the self built Villa structures. The towers are not a replica of the Villas but instead adapt and play with this idea of familiarity. Low-Tech Technologies In The Villas, low tech water collection and other technologies can be seen on rooftops. Within my design, low-tech water collection and pulley systems are utilised to allow Villa residents to run and use the technologies themselves. The water collection tanks in my design use a plastic tarp and a water collection tank to collect rainwater.
Overhangs, Balconies And Encoves The physical forms of the Villas utilise overhangs, balconies and encoves to create shelter from the sun, social spaces and functional spaces. I utilised these forms for these reasons but also utilised overhangs to provide landing areas for pulley systems. The overhangs also provide solar shading to lower levels.
Cubic, Modular Forms Typically, the Villas have cubic forms that appear modular due to the process of self build that occurs within the Villas. The cubic modules in Villas show the cubic expansion over time. In my design, cubic modular forms are used for ease of construction as well as creating functional modules that can be used for workshops etc.
Steep Vertical Access Within the Villas, access to the higher levels of structures is via steep stair cases. Due to the high density of Villa structures, Within my design, I utilised ladders for vertical access. This steep vertical access is familiar to Villa residents but also is utilised in scaffolding like structures to allow users to go up and down efficiently.
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Waste Sorting And Bio-waste Fuelled Combined Heat And Power System Tower Isometric Of Waste Sorting And Bio-waste Fuelled CHP Tower The central tower at the back of the prison has a different function to the resource creation towers. The central tower collects waste from the other towers and sorts them into recyclables, landfill and bio-waste. The landfill and recyclable waste is taken to an off-site waste centre. The Bio-waste, such as plant waste and timber waste, are utilised as fuel in powering and heating the functions of the site. The following isometric sequence shows the process of the waste and Bio-waste fuelled CHP system.
The Overall System:
Stage 1: Waste Sorting
Stage 2: Biofuel Drying
Stage 3: Biofuel Storage And Burning
Stage 4: Steam Powered Generator
Stage 5: Steam Powered Water Heating
This tower is specifically designed to sort on site waste into recyclables, landfill waste and bio-waste
Firstly, the waste is sorted into recyclables, landfill waste and bio-waste. The landfill and recyclable
The chipped bio-waste is sent to a rotary drum (4) dryer where it is dried to 10% moisture. This drum
The separated biofuels are sent from the drier to the storage silo (8). They are then manually loaded into
The steam produced in the biofuel boiler is used to turn a turbine in steam powered generator (11). The
After powering the turbine, the steam is sent to a condenser (14) where it is condensed into hot wa-
that can be used as a fuel in a bio-waste CHP system. Waste comes into the system at the top
wastes are sent down the waste shoots to be taken off site (1 & 2). The bio-waste is put in the
dryer utilises hot air from a small wood burning furnace (5). Conveyor systems and a cyclone (6)
the biofuel boiler where they are burnt to heat water and create steam. The unwanted fumes are sent to
turning motion within the generator turns kinetic energy into electric energy by utilising magnetic coils.
ter. This is then used to transfer heat to cold clean water in the heat exchanger (15). This clean hot
via pulley systems and are sorted on the top floor.
chipping machine (3) to start the transformation into bio-fuels.
separate the dried biofuels from the fumes. The fumes are sent to a flue vent via an air extractor (7)
a bag-house filter (9) that filters gases before they are released to the atmosphere via flue vent (10)
The electric energy is then sent to the transformer (12) and then sent to the prison via encased cables
water is then sent to site via water pipes. The steam water then cools and is sent back to the boiler to
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repeat the system.
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Detail Design: Utilising Scaffolding Principles To Create A Structure That Can Be Expanded And Contracted Detailing Towers At Different Scales
The steel frame is inspired by the principles of scaffolding and the ability to be constructed and deconstructed easily. The towers have a permanent base with the main truss column being bolted to a raft pile foundation to avoid turning moments. The scaffolding like structure then grows around this main column. The system utilises 5 connection details that allow for a kit of parts that the residents can assemble themselves. The kits of parts utilises welded sleeves that rectangular hollow section beams and columns can be slid into and bolted into place. Elements can easily be added or removed to allow for expansion and contraction.
Detail Design Process
1:200 Scaffolding Frame And Pile Foundation
1:50 Segment Showing All 5 Detail Connections
1:20 Five Connecting points And Exploded Isometric
1) Inspiration: Scaffolding Sleeves Connect Multiple Steel Members Detail 1
2) Sketching Sleeve Details: Sleeves Connect Multiple Members
Detail 2 Exploded
Detail 2 Detail 5
Detail 1
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3) Physical Modelling Detail: Steel Sleeves Allow Members To Be Slid In/out And Bolted/ unbolted.
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Detail 5
Detail Design: Adaptable, Temporary Modules And Flooring Detailing Towers At Different Scales
Within the steel frame structure, modular workshops, floors and railings are added to create habitable spaces. These are created using modular steel mesh floor panels, plywood panels and a demountable secondary steel structure. The modules are temporary and can be removed/extended. These modular panels are commonly used in scaffolding.
1:200 Scaffolding Structure With Modules/ Floors
Materiality Of Modular Scaffolding Panels
1:50 Segment Revealing Module And Floor Layers 1) Steel Railings Clamped Onto Steel Frame
Steel Mesh Scaffolding Modular Floor Structure:
2) Primary Steel Structure Composed Of Rectangular Hollow Sections 3) Sleeve Details Allow RHS To Be Easily Assembled/dissembled. 4) Modular Plywood Sheeting Floor Cover (Used In Scaffolding) 5) Steel Mesh Decking Modules (Floor Structure) 6) Angled Steel Sleeve Welded Detail Allows For Overhang 7) Pulley System Attached To Primary Structure Via Sleeve 8) Secondary Steel Beams Clamped To Primary Steel Structure Support Steel Mesh Flooring 9) Timber Farming Trays 10) Outer Plywood Module Cladding (Similar To Floor Finish) 11) Inner Plywood Module Cladding (Similar To Floor Finish) 12) Bolted Connection Between Secondary Structure And Cladding 13) Clamp On Secondary Structure Receives Bolts From Cladding 14) Secondary Structure Steel Beams Clamped To Primary Structure 15) Cross Bracing Provides Lateral Stability 16) Angled Sleeve Detail To Allow Overhang 17) Plywood Cladding Allows Tools Etc To Be Hung Up 18) Sleeve Detail Connects Beams To Columns And Can Be Easily Assembled/ dissembled.
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Plywood Scaffolding Modular Floor And Cladding Modules:
Ground Floor: Market Arcade South, Scaffolding Storage North Ground Floor Plan The ground floor has three main functions: 1) markets (including indoor markets, outdoor market and connecting arcade ‘street’. 2) Scaffolding Storage (Stores scaffolding from the towers as they are built and unbuilt constantly). 3) Access to 5 towers (2 in smaller courtyards, 3 at the back of the prison). The prison plan is almost split in half with the South side housing the market arcades and the North side having the scaffolding storage. Demolition/ Addition zone 2 Demolition zone 3
Addition/Demolition Diagram Of Existing Prison (Ground Floor) The design aims to keep the prison as close to it’s original layout whilst adapting some spaces to create functional spaces that aid the function of the self sufficient machine. By minimising alterations and instead adapting existing spaces, the costs are lowered, which is suitable for a slum self build scheme. Demolition/addition zone 1: The market entrance demolishes 2 cell separating walls and adds a reinforcing wall with steel frame reinforcement to create an open entrance with the 1st floor above kept in tact.
Demolition/ Addition zone 1 Demolition zone 3
Demolition/addition zone 2: Between the indoor and outdoor markets, the external wall of the prison is removed in sections. The existing cell walls are reinforced with a masonry vault to create a connecting point between the two markets. Demolition zone 3: In the scaffolding storage areas, cell partition walls are demolished to make a space large enough for scaffolding components. The existing concrete frame structure is maintained.
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4 3 Key Spatial Sequence Diagram The key spatial sequence on the ground floor is the arcade connecting the indoor and outdoor markets. You can see in the diagram, there are 4 main components to this sequence: 1) the outdoor market 2) the connecting vault 3) the arcade street 4) the indoor markets.
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The main idea is that the arcade street wraps around the external shaded market and vaults connect these two spaces. From the arcade street, users can then access internal market shops, which utilise the old prison cells.
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Ground Floor Spaces
15 1) Public Market Entrance 2) Shaded Outdoor Market Courtyard 3) Vaults Surrounding Courtyard 4) Arcade Street Connects Indoor And Outdoor Markets 5) Indoor Individual Market Shops Utilise Old Cells 6) Staircase To Market Storage
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9) Private Corridor For Transporting Scaffolding 10) Scaffolding Storage In Old Cells (Storing Scaffolding Used In Towers) 11) Connection Between Storage And Towers In Courtyard 12) Resource Creation Towers In Courtyards 13) Connection To Back Of Prison Towers 14) Resource Creation Towers At The Back Of Prison 15) Waste Sorting And CHP Tower
Repurposing The Prison To Aid The Machine: Ground Floor Perspectives Revitalising Prison Interior To Create Vital Parts Of The System The ground floor of the old prison is repurposed to serve two main functions within the system: 1) internal market ‘shops’. 2) Scaffolding Kit Of Parts Storage. Old cells are utilised as individual market shops, which are connected to the market arcade corridor. The scaffolding like kit of parts is stored in the prison within old prison cells with the separating walls removed. These double cell rooms are large enough for all components to fit inside.
B) Scaffolding Kit Of Parts Storage The towers are constantly being constructed and deconstructed to meet the varying needs of Villa 1. The scaffolding like kit of parts needs a place to be stored when not
C) Entrance/Exit To/From Towers At The Back Of Site The connecting point between the towers and the prisons interior on the ground floor is located on the south side to
in use.Large areas of the ground floor are utilised for this.
create an efficient connection point between the two.
A) Internal Markets Surrounding the larger courtyard of the prison are internal market ‘shops’. These utilise the old prison cells to create a ‘street’ with internal markets and external markets.
D) Communa/Social Spaces Villas have strong social culture. The ground floor has spaces that allow people visiting markets and people working within the system to socialise and meet.
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First Floor: Temporary Residence And Market Resource Processing/Storage First Floor Plan The first floor has three main functions: 1) Storing and sorting market resources that are brought in from resource creation towers. 2) Private rest spaces for Villa residents (small bedrooms with private bathrooms) 3) Communal socialising, dining and kitchen spaces.
Demolition zone 3 Demolition zone 1
Demolition/ Addition zone 2
Demolition zone 1: The market resource sorting and packaging areas required large spaces to allow for the high volume of resources created in the towers. Therefore, 8 partitioning cell walls were demolished to create open plan spaces for this function. The existing concrete frame structure is kept in tact (see next page) to ensure structural stability. Demolition/ Addition zone 2
Demolition zone 1
Addition/Demolition Diagram Of Existing Prison (Ground Floor)
Demolition/ Addition zone 2
Demolition/addition zone 2: In the temporary rest rooms, two cells were combined to create rest spaces with private bath rooms. The partition wall was partially demolished and the half that wasn’t demolished creates the partition of the new bathrooms. The old cell doorways had to be filled in to provide an enclosed bathroom. Demolition zone 3: In the communal social lounge spaces, the partition wall was demolished to create a slightly larger space allowing for big groups of Villa 1 residents to socialise. Again, the concrete frame was maintained.
Key Spatial Sequence Diagram The key spatial sequence on the 1st floor involves the public communal dining and kitchen areas that accompany the private rest spaces. Users of the rest spaces have their own bedrooms and bathrooms however, the dining and kitchens are communal to encourage social interaction. The Villas have a sociable culture and a strong sense of community. This is the main reason for communal living spaces.
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1st Floor Space 16) Market Storage 17) Community Meeting Rooms 18) Market Resource Sorting 19) Market Resource Processing
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21) Rest Spaces For Villa 1 Residents 22) Communal Social Areas 23) Resource Creation Towers 24) Waste Sorting Tower
Repurposing The Prison To Aid The Machine: 1st Floor Perspectives Revitalising Prison Interior To Create Vital Parts Of The System The first floor of the old prison is revitalised to house 3 functions: 1) temporary rest spaces.2) communal areas. 3) Market resource sorting and storage. The temporary rest spaces are for people working on site. The separating wall between 2 cells is demolished and a bathroom and bedroom are inserted. These temporary rest rooms have communal lounging, kitchen and dining areas to adhere to the social culture of Villa residents. The resources are brought into the prison on the 1st floor and are sorted and stored in varying sized spaces with varying levels of demolition.
A) Communal Kitchens And Dining
B) Communal Lounging
Within the larger areas of the existing prison are communal kitchens and din-
Amongst the temporary rest spaces are communal lounging areas to attend to the social nature of Villa residents.
ing spaces for Villa residents working/using the spaces.
C) Temporary Rest Rooms Separating walls between cells are demolished to create temporary living spaces for on site workers/users. This allows workers a space to wind down after working in farms, markets etc.
D) Market Resource Sorting/Packaging The largest space within the 1st floor demolishes 3 separating walls to connect 4 old prison cells. This opens up a large space where resources are brought in from the resource creation towers via the rooftop docking stations. These resources are then sorted and prepared to be taken down to the various markets on the ground floor. This includes packaging and quality checking.
E) Market Resource Storage Two cells are combined to create storage spaces for when the markets have an excess of resources. These spaces require large spaces to allow for large scale resources to be stored inside.
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Roof Plan: Resource Creation And Waste Sorting Towers, Loading Bays And Prison Roof Farming Roof Plan The prison roof is just as important as the interior and the towers. It has many uses: 1) connecting the towers to the markets via rooftop docking bays. 2) rooftop farming allows for larger scale farming. 3) Connecting access to the towers from the rooftop.
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30 Roof Spaces 25) Market Shading Canopy 26) Rooftop Access 27) Docking Bays To Bring Resources Down From Towers Into Markets 28) Rooftop Farming 29) Resource Creation Towers
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User Customisability Similar To Existing Villas North Facing Elevations The scaffolding like structure allows for users to adapt and change spaces to fit their needs. One way they can do this is utilising the structure to hang fabrics which, is common in the existing Villas. The fabric can be used to display messages or for shading against the Northern sun.
Customisability Inspired By Villas Within the Villas, users customise spaces in many ways. I want this to be translated to my design. Hanging fabrics can be utilised to shade social spaces to allow cool areas for people to sit. Villa residents have a strong sense of pride in their community. This can be seen in the two top images where they are protesting. The design could be customised by users to spread messages of protest by utilising the tall towers to hang messages.
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The 3 Step Process: Tower > Docking Bay > Prison East Facing Elevations This elevation shows the scale of the towers in relation to the prison but also the surrounding context. I limited the tower heights to the height of the surrounding context to maintain the character of the space. However, the forms of the towers mean that they stand out as within the context. Within the large scale towers, smaller, human scale modules are located. This provides a more tactile atmosphere to the towers.
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Functional Spaces In Prison, Prison Rooftop And Resource Creation Towers Long Section You can see in the long section that the interior of the prison is adapted to house functional spaces that aid the self sufficient system. The interior is used for storing scaffolding parts for resource creation towers, market resource sorting and communal spaces. You can see the resource creation towers house modular workshops and farms to supply resources for the market.
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E: Scaffolding Part Storage
F: Farming Modules
G: Workshop Modules
Growth From The Courtyards Two of the resource creation towers grow out the prison courtyards vertically before connecting to the roof horizontally.
TIME (Timeframe unknown as expansion could take 5 years or could take 100 dependant on the resource needs of Villa 1
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Courtyard, Tower, Roof Connection Perspective section Once the towers have grown vertically, they connect horizontally to the prisons rooftop. The roof then becomes engaged in the scheme. Open air farming is located on the roof and contrasts the smaller modular farms within the towers. There is a strong connection between the courtyards and the roof that did not exist before the towers grow from the courtyards.
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Connecting Points Perspectives The design has a lot of connection points varying from the scale of a pulley system to the scale of the prison roof connecting to the towers. This page shows examples of these connections and how the design acts as a machine that depends on all individual functions being connected. Below are the viewpoint locations (in Iso) and varying viewpoints from different members of the community ran machine.
Viewpoints: 1) Pulley Operator
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This perspective shows what an operator of a pulley system would see. The pulley system is attached to an outcrop and is manually operated by a 2 rope pulley system. This is one of the most important aspects of the design as it allows the towers to be physically connected and allows resources to be transported quickly. 2) Connection To Ground Back Of Site This perspective shows a resource creation tower and its relationship to the back of the site.
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The towers are recessed from the street boundary to ensure members of the public are not at risk from construction/pulley systems. 3) Connection Between Prison Roof And Towers This perspective shows a connection between the open roof housing farms and the resource creation tower. The connection utilises a similar structural strategy to the towers and creates a walkway to the prison rooftop.
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Rooftop Docking Bays: The Key Connecting Point Perspective The most important connecting point of the project is the docking bays. They act as a middle point between the resource creation towers and the markets. Resources are brought to the docking bays from the resource creation towers and are sorted. They are then transported down into the old prison to be stored. They are then taken to the indoor and outdoor markets to be distributed to Villa 1 residents.
Resource Creation Towers Resources are created in the modular farms and workshops within the towers. Then...
Docking Bays Docking bays receive the resources via pulley systems. Where they are then sorted...
Markets The market receives the resources from the docking bays via a pulley system.
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Dialectic Analysis > Dialectic Design Perspective During the early stages of the project, dialectic site analysis (chapter 03) was used to understand the conditions of the site and then propose an opposite. The categories from this analysis on the left transferred into my design with the towers opposing the prison. The prison becomes the thesis and the towers become the antithesis. The towers contrast in materiality, weight, proportion, form and height.
Dialectic Analysis From Chapter 03 That Applies To Final Design
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Contrast: Compact Towers, Open Prison Roof Perspectives This page shows the contrasting atmospheres of the towers and the rooftops of the prison. The towers are tight and compact with small modules to serve varying functions. Whereas the prison roof is open and allows for larger scale farming. This contrast allows community members to have a change of atmosphere rather than being in compact towers all the time. The idea of creating this contrast stemmed from the dialectic site analysis from the start of the project where the cramped Villas opposed the open prsion. (seen top left and full view on page 20)
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Viewpoints: 1) Open Rooftop With Farms The Rooftop houses long farming planters where sunflowers, soy beans and other small scale plants can be grown. The farms are exposed to the sunlight to maximise growth. The openness of the rooftops offers a contrasting space to the compact towers.
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2) Mixed Use Floors Of Towers The upper floors of the towers have more space than the lower floors due to the overhangs. This allows for multiple functions on these floors where different members of the community can interact. For example in this perspective, a farm worker can interact with a workshop worker. 3) Farming Modules Located Towards The North (Sunny Side) Of Towers Looking towards the North of the towers tend to be farming modules which, require the sun for growth. These areas are maintained by the farm workers and grow small scale crops such as sunflowers and small food crops. 4) Shaded Workshop Modules The workshops are enclosed and always shaded from the Northern sun allowing for a cool space that workshop workers can spend long periods of time in when working on woodwork, textiles etc. 5) In-between Spaces Used For Socialising The spaces in-between the farms and workshops can be used for socialising between groups. Workshop, farming, bio-waste workers can sit down and socialise in these shaded locations.
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Functional Modularity Perspectives Showing Varying Uses Of Modular Towers And How Users Can Customise Spaces The scaffolding like kit of parts is the starting point for the spaces however, Villa residents customise spaces to fit their needs. They choose where modules are located and can easily change the layout due to demountable parts. They can also hang fabrics from the framework to create shaded spaces for socialising or hang messages etc. Villa residents have full control over the towers.
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1 1) Shaded Social Spaces The first way users could customise the scaffolding like structures is by hanging fabrics to provide shading which, is commonly seen in the Villa Miseria.
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2) Modular Workshops, Balconies And Vertical Access Workshops and balconies create enclosed spaces that are shaded from the Northern sun. This al5
lows for a comfortable space for workshop workers to spend the day. 3) Farming Modules Northern facing farming modules are vital for the market in providing resources for Villa 1 but, also benefit people by giving a recreational activity in maintaining the crops. 4) Farming Modules, Vertical Access And User Customised Banners The vertical access is a series of ladders similar to in scaffolding systems. These ladders are incased by a steel mesh to mitigate the risk of falling. In the back of the view, you can see a customised banner. Users can hang these to portray messages, such as political messages.
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Construction Sequence Of Towers Perspective Diagrams When standing at the top of a tower, you can see the machine functioning below. From the top you get an overview of all the components working below and the connections between the components, such as pulley systems.
1) The Tower Locations Are Cleared Ready For Construction To Begin
2) Pad Foundations Are Excavated To 1m Depth
3) Piles Are Driven An Extra 4m To Provide Resistance To Turning Moments
4) Steel Mesh, Reinforced Mass Concrete Is Poured Into The Pad
5) The Base Of The Towers And Central Truss Are Erected And Bolted To The Foundations
6) Simple Scaffolding Structure Can Be Built Around The Truss
7) The Towers Carry On Growing At Varying Rates Dependant On Villa 1 Needs
8) The Towers Reach The Top Of The Truss Then Grow Onto The Prison Roof (Next Page)
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Community And Connectivity Perspective This perspective shows the connections between the resource creation towers and the waste sorting and bio-waste CHP tower. The pulley systems are vital in connecting the towers and ensuring resources can be moved around the site. The self sufficient machine relies on the Villa 1 community to ensure all parts are functioning from running farming modules to maintaining the markets.
Workshop Workers Individuals run the workshops modules to create resources. These are skilled in crafts, such as woodwork
Farming Workers Individuals run the small farming modules to create food and agricultural goods
Bio-waste Maintenance Waste sorting and maintenance of the Bio-waste Combined Heat And Power System
Scaffolding Builders
Experts in building the tower like structures.
Social Meeters Social Groups use the spaces between modules within the towers.
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Metaphysical Experience: Human Relationship To Towers Perspective Collages/Photomontages These photomontages focus on the human perception of the towers. They are abstract expressions of this human perception. They are more focused on atmosphere and cognitive perception rather than the physical.
Montage Inspiration: The style of these montages was inspired by Argentine Metaphysical painters their dramatic, atmospheric paintings.
Montage 1: Activity Above This montage creates a simile between the towers in my design and a forest. In both, people at ground level look up to see the activity. In a forest this is the canopy of trees filled with life and movement. In my towers, it is
Montage 2: Familiarity To Villas This montage focuses on the memory of Villa residents who will be using the spaces. It shows how the towers will provide similarity to the Villas as the paper rips back to reveal Villa structures with similarities to the towers. The modular cubic forms, overhangs and balconies are forms I used to create a connection between Villa structures and the towers in my design.
the moving pulley systems and modules that make people look upwards.
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View From The Top: Machine Functioning Below Perspective When standing at the top of a tower, you can see the machine functioning below. From the top you get an overview of all the components working below and the connections between the components, such as pulley systems.
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Visible From Afar Perspective The Villas currently are hidden from sight leading to them being ignored. They are often hidden under roads, low lying or eclipsed by other architecture as seen in the images on the left. The Villas can finally be seen and celebrated in my design due to the vertical growth of the towers which, stand out from the relatively low surrounding structures.
The Hidden Villas
...No Longer Hidden
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No Longer Forgotten Going back to one of my original images for the project (from page 9), you can see that my initial intention was to allow the forgotten prison, architecture and villas to be remembered. The design aims to revitalise the 3 forgottens and create a space where they can be noticed and are no longer ignored.
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Project Synopsis: Concept To Physical
Story Of The Machine Synoptic Video: https://youtu.be/WUR5UlEJN3k
LINKS:
1,2, 3) The 3 Forgotten `elements Of Buenos Aires meet at the prison.
9) Analysis of the forgotten prison.
15) The expanding Villas eventually engulf the prison.
22) A framework is constructed, which houses adaptable modules.
28) After the first iteration, I looked at temporality and scaffolding
34) Resources are taken from towers to markets via docking bays.
4) The Forgotten Villas have a strong self build community.
10) The forgotten prison is revitalised by new to old detail.
16) The constantly growing Villas create a city within a city called Villa 1.
23) Initial iteration with permanent cores with temporary modules around.
29) The final design utilises scaffolding like structures to grow temporarily
35) Resources are taken from the docking bays and processed in prison.
5) The Forgotten Villas have markets, which act as social hubs.
11) Static prison contrasts always growing and changing Villas.
18) Expanding Villas make the prison the centre for resource creation.
24) The modules grow around the framework.
30) Scaffolding structures grow from the courtyards and prisons back.
36) Markets then distribute resources to Villa 1.
6) The self build culture was utilised in the new to old detail task.
12) Analysis of the prison and Villas revealed contrasts.
19) Prison becomes a constantly evolving site for creating resources.
25) Modular growth around towers to meet varying Villa needs.
31) Scaffolding like details allow for easily expansion and contraction.
37) The inside of the forgotten prison become functional spaces.
7) The self build detail creates a shaded market that Villa residents use.
13) The always changing Villas brought to the static prison through detail.
20) A self sufficient machine supplies Villa 1 to meet resource demands.
26) This led to initial iteration of a permanent superstructure.
32) Scaffolding structures utilise 5 sleeve details.
38) Villas constantly expand and contract like the towers.
8) The shaded canopy can be built by Villa residents, due to simplicity.
14) The pattern of growth of the always growing Villas.
21) Constantly growing/changing modularity.
27) Temporary growth of farming and workshop modules.
33) Structures are constantly expanding and contracting.
39) Market culture of Villas brought to prison.
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The Projects Future: A Prototype For The City
Concept Images Showing How Scaffolding Towers Could Be Used Across The City As Villa 1 Grows Far Beyond The Prison Site The perspectives below are locations across the city that, as Villa 1 continues to grow past 2150, are engulfed by the Villa. The scaffolding like kit of parts can be applied to these sites to attend to the growing resource needs of the Villa.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY General Readings Cultural Identity In Architecture. (1951). Martin Heidigger. Learning From Las Vegas. (1972). Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown, and Steven Izenour. On Site: Architectural Preoccupations. (1991). Carol Burns. Reckoning With Ruins. (2012). Tim Edensor. Chaos Theory Readings Chaos: Making A New Science. (1989). James Gleik. Chaos. (2017). Robert Bishop. Accesed Via: https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2017/entries/chaos/
Research Into Villas Codebò, A. (2020). Against the Grid: The Cultural Emergence of Villas Miseria in Buenos Aires. Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies, 29(1), 85–107. Reporter, G. S. (2020, February 3). Should a notorious Buenos Aires slum become an official neighbourhood? The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2019/aug/07/should-a-notorious-buenos-aires-slum-become-an-official-neighbourhood Group Research Website https://howardkent.wixsite.com/mysite Individual Research For Group Website (Utilities Section) Water Research: Aires, (2020, January 30). Palacio de Aguas Corrientes (the ‘water palace’). Official English Website for the City of Buenos Aires. https://turismo.buenosaires.gob.ar/en/atractivo/palacio-de-aguas-corrientes-water-palace Oil, Sewage, Heavy Metals: The Pollution Plaguing Latin America’s Water. (2020a, February 10). Americas Quarterly. https://www.americasquarterly.org/article/oil-sewage-heavy-metals-the-pollution-plaguing-latin-americas-water/
Salazar, M. (2020, August 19). Agrochemicals and industrial waste threaten Argentina’s Gran Chaco. Mongabay Environmental News. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/08/agrochemicals-and-industrial-waste-threaten-argentinas-gran-chaco/ Energy Research: Argentina - Countries & Regions. (2020). IEA. https://www.iea.org/countries/argentina Argentina 2020. (2020). Country Nuclear Power Profiles. https://cnpp.iaea.org/countryprofiles/Argentina/Argentina.htm BBC News. (2019a, June 17). Argentina and Uruguay reel after massive power outage. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-48652686 The Argentine Electricity Sector. (2020, June 30). Pampa Energia. https://ri.pampaenergia.com/en/our-assets/electricity-power/the-argentine-electricity-sector/ Internet Research: Estado de Internet en Argentina y la Región. (2020). https://www.cabase.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/CABASE-Internet-Index-II-Semestre-2018.pdf
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