Samajik Nyay Sandesh August 2013 by SAMAJIK NYAY SANDESH

o"kZ % 11 « vad % 08 «vxLr 2013 « dqy i`"B % 60 lEiknd

lq/khj fgylk;u lEiknd eaMy MkW- vkj-ch- ykaxk;u vthr flag] MkW- 'kksHkkJh VkMh lEikndh; dk;kZy; lkekftd U;k; lans'k

MkW- vEcsMdj izfr"Bku 15 tuiFk] ubZ fnYyh&110001 Qksu 011&23320589] 23357625] 23320576] eksckbZy % 07503210124 QSDl % 011&23320582 bZ-esy % hilsayans@gmail.com

bl vad esa

editorsnsp@gmail.com

 lEikndh;

csclkbZV% www.ambedkarfoundation.nic.in ¼lkekftd U;k; lans'k mi;qZDr ossclkbZV ij miyCèk gS ½

txnh'k izlkn

izdk'kd o eqnzd fou; dqekj ikWy] funs'kd (MkW- v- iz-) }kjk MkW- vEcsMdj izfr"Bku (lkekftd U;k; ,oa vfèkdkfjrk ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj) ds fy, vjkoyh fizUVlZ ,.M ifCy'klZ izkbosV fyfeVsM W&30] vks[kyk iQsl&II] ubZ fnYyh 110020 ls eqfnzr rFkk 15 tuiFk] ubZ fnYyh&110001 ls izdkf'kr o lqèkhj fgylk;u] lEiknd (MkW- v- iz-) }kjk lEikfnrA lkekftd U;k; lan's k esa izdkf'kr ys[kks@a jpukvksa esa O;Dr fopkj ys[kdksa ds vius gSAa izdkf'kr ys[kksa @jpukvksa esa fn, x, rF; lacèa kh fooknksa dk iw.kZ nkf;Ro ys[kdksa @jpukdkjksa dk gSA ;g vko';d ugha fd ljdkjh n`f"Vdks.k Hkh ogh gksA if=kdk esa izdkf'kr foKkiuksa dh fo"k;&oLrq ds fy, Hkh lkekftd U;k; lan's k mÙkjnk;h ugha gSA leLr dkuwuh ekeyksa dk fuiVkjk dsoy fnYyh@ubZ fnYyh ds {ks=k ,oa U;k;ky;ksa ds vèkhuA RNI No. : DELHIN/2003/9036

O;kikj O;oLFkkid

 Hkkjr esa tkfrizFkk ,oa tkfrizFkk&mUewyu

MkW- Hkhe jko vEcsMdj

4&09

 jk"Vª fuekZrk MkW- ch-vkj- vEcsMdj

dUgS;kyky papjhd

10&19

 MkW- vEcsMdj dk jk"Vªh; fparu

MkW- vkj-ch- ykaxk;u

20&22

 vfLerkcksèk dk la?k"kZ

MkW- foHkk Bkdqj

23&24

 MkW- vEcsMdj vkSj ^fgUnqRo dk n'kZu*

MkW- vfHkeU;q dqekj

25&29

 MkW- vEcsMdj dk L=h fparu

vfurk Hkkjrh

30&37

 d`f"k tksrksa dh leL;k vkSj MkW- vEcsMdj

MkW- th-Mh- fnokdj

38&42

 tc 'kSysUnz us dchj jSnkl ds----

izks- 'k=q?u dqekj

43&46

 dgkuh @ u ?kj dk u ?kkV dk

v'kksd dqekj

47&52

Lusgk Hkkjrh@eqUuk lkg@foØe dqekj

53&54

;ksxsUnz dqekj

57&58

 dfork,a@ ukjh Hkh balku gS]----- fgUnh esa fojke fpUgksa dk yksi

xzkgd lnL;rk 'kqYd % okf"kZd % ` 100] f}okf"kZd % ` 180] =kSokf"kZd % ` 250 fMekaM MªkÝV@euhvkWMZj@iksLVy vkWMZj MkW- vEcsMdj izfr"Bku] 15 tuiFk] ubZ fnYyh&110001 ds uke HkstsaA psd Lohdkj ugha fd, tk,axsA

lEiknd ds uke i=  vkfnoklh lkfgR; ij fo'ks"k vad fudkysa lEiknd egksn;] lkekftd U;k; lans'k if=kdk dk izR;sd vad ,d u;s jgL; dks mn~?kkfVr djrh gSA tqykbZ&2013 dk vad izkIr gqvk] ftls i<+us ds i'pkr~ jk"Vªokn ds lanHkZ esa ckcklkgsc MkW Hkhejko vEcsMdj ds mu fopkjksa ls voxr gqvk ftlls vcrd vufHkK FkkA lkekftd ljksdkj ds mu fofHkUu igyqvksa us eq>s iwjh rjg izHkkfor fd;kA ^ckcklkgsc* izFke ;qx iq#"k Fks ftuds iz;klksa dk ifj.kke gS fd vkt ge fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esa vè;;ujr gSa] vU;Fkk ge tutkfr;ksa dk fodkl rks nwj ubZ lkekftd èkkjk ls tqM+uk Hkh ukeqefdu FkkA vkt Hkh ,slh dbZ tutkfr;k¡ gSa] ftudks ljdkjh lqfoèkk,a izkIr ugha gks ikrh gaSA dbZ vkfnoklh tkfr;k¡ ,slh gSa ftudks vuqlwfpr tutkfr dk ntkZ u nsdj fiNM+s oxZ dh lwph esa tksM+ fn;k x;k gSA mUgsa eq[; èkkjk esa vkus ds fy, ljdkj rks ;kstuk,a cuk jgh gS ij ;kstuk,a dkxth dk;Zokgh gh cudj jg tk jgh gSA eh.kk] xksaM] eq.Mk vkfn gh vkfnoklh tutkfr;ka utj vk jgh gSaA Fkk:] laFkky] gwy] mjk¡o] catkjksa] vlqj tutkfr;ksa ls lekt vufHkK rks ugha gS fiQj Hkh ;s tkfr;ka eq[; èkkjk ls dkslkas nwj gSaA vkils vuqjksèk gS fd vkfnoklh lkfgR;] laLd`fr vkSj lekt ij dsfUnzr fo'ks"k vad izdkf'kr djsa ftlls tutkfr;ksa ds dyk] lkfgR;] laLd`fr rFkk lekt ds ckjs esa eq[; èkkjk ds yksx voxr gks ldsaA eqUuk lkg] 'kks/kFkhZ (fgUnh foHkkx) fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;] fnYyh

dchj % lkekftd U;k; ds egku izoDrk lEiknd egksn;] lkekftd U;k; lans'k dk twu] 2013 dk vad ns[kus dks feykA dchj&dsafnzr bl vad ls dchj ds ckjs esa egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh feyhA if=kdk ds bl vad ds ys[kdksa esa izk;% LFkkfir lkfgR;dkj LFkku ik;s gq, gSaA vkils vuqjksèk gS fd bl if=kdk esa ;qok ys[kdksa dks Hkh i;kZIr Hkkxhnkjh lqfuf'pr djsaA fuf[kys'k flag lksukSjk cqtqxZ] (m-iz-)

vkbZ-,l-,l-,u- uacj ds lacaèk esa lEiknd egksn;] ebZ vkSj twu 2013 dk vad izkIr gqvkA 4 lky ls can jgh lkekftd U;k; lans'k dks 'kq: djus ds fy, MkWvEcsMdj izfr"Bku cèkkbZ dk ik=k gS] vkius jpuk,a vkeaf=kr gSa dkWye ds }kjk 'kksèki=kksa dh ekax dh gSA ijUrq fcuk vkbZ,l-,l-,u- uacj dh if=kdkvksa esa Nis vkys[k dks ;w-th-lhekU; ugha djrh gSA ftlds u gksus ls 'kksèkkFkhZ dks viuk 'kksèk vkys[k nsus esa ladksp gksxkA vkils vuqjksèk gS fd if=kdk dks vkbZ-,l-,l-,u- uacj miyCèk djk;sa ftlls ^'kksèkijd* jpuk,a Hkh Niok;h tk ldsA vk'kqrks"k O;kl fnYYkh fo'ofo|ky;

lelkef;d eqn~nksa dks Hkh 'kkfey djsa lEiknd egksn;] twu@2013 dk vad feykA 2013 esa fnlEcj rd ds Fkhe ns[kdj [kq'kh gqbZ okLro esa bl Fkhe dks ns[kdj 'kksèkkfFkZ;ksa ,oa lacafèkr fo"k; esa fnypLih j[kus okyksa ds fy, lacafèkr vad vR;Ur ykHkdkjh fl¼ gksxkA vki ls vuqjksèk gS fd dqN lelkef;d eqn~nksa@fo"k;ksa ij Hkh vkys[k 'kq# djsaA vkyksd izrki flag ch-Vh-lh- ekuhjke] xksj[kiqj

nfyr lkfgR; ls lacfa èkr ys[kksa dks 'kkfey djsa lEiknd egksn;] lkekftd U;k; lans'k dk tqykbZ] 2013 dk vad izkIr gqvkA ;g vad MkW- vEcsMdj ds dksyfEc;k fo'ofo|ky; esa izos'k ds lkS o"kZ ij vkèkkfjr gSA dUgS;kyky papjhd] MkW- vkj- ch- ykaxk;u] vkuan Jhd`".k vkfn ys[kdksa dk ys[k i<+ dj dkiQh Kkuo¼Zu gqvkA tqykbZ dk vad fofoèk vk;keksa ij vkèkkfjr gksus ds dkj.k dkiQh l'kDr gSA vkils fouez vkxzg gS fd vkxs ds vadksa esa nfyr lkfgR; ls lacafèkr&T;knk vkys[kksa dks 'kkfey djsaA lwjtiky pkSgku dh dfork,a lkSan;Z'kkL=k ds uke ij] èkhlw vkSj ekèko vkfn dkiQh vFkZiw.kZ gS] tks nfyr lekt dh psruk dks >d>ksjrh gSA jksfgr dqekj jgexat] njHkaxk (fcgkj)

; h d n k i E l

jk"Vª fuekZrk MkW- vEcsMdj

;

fn ;g dgk tk, fd ckcklkgsc MkW- ch-vkj vEcsMdj ds O;fDrRo o d`frRo dk lE;d ewY;kadu ;k lE;d vkdyu djus esa ns'k dks cgqr oDr yxk ;k tkus&vutkus muds O;fDrRo vkSj d`frRo dks igpkuus esa nsj gqbZ rks blesa dksbZ vfr'k;ksfDr ugha gksxkA njvly fopkj o n'kZu esa bruh rkdr gksrh gS fd mUgsa fcyfEcr rks fd;k tk ldrk gS ijUrq fuyfEcr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ;gh otg gS fd vktknh ds rdjhcu 65&66 lky ckn Hkh ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj ds ^fopkj&n'kZu* dh izklafxdrk c<+h gh gS vkSj pkjksa vksj mldh xwat gSA ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dks lafoèkku fuekZrk o nfyrksa ds elhgk rd lhfer djus dh dksf'k'k bu o"kks± esa [kwc gqbZ gSA MkW- vEcsMdj ds O;fDrRo vkSj d`frRo dk lE;d vè;;u&ewY;kadu ds mijkar vkidks bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡pus esa cgqr gh de le; yxsxk fd ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dk dk;Z {ks= cgqr O;kid FkkA lekt 'kkL=] jktuhfr 'kkL=] vFkZ'kkL=] ekuo foKku] d`f"k foKku] n'kZu'kkL=] fofèk 'kkL=] bfrgkl ,oa laLd`fr vkfn fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij mudh etcwr idM+ FkhA Hkkjr tSls fofoèkrkiw.kZ ns'k esa tgka dk lekt fo"kerkvksa] folaxfr;ksa ls Hkjk jgk gS] MkW- vEcsMdj us lerkewyd lekt ds fuekZ.k dk ,slk n'kZu vFkkZr~ HkhekL= fn;k gS] ftlds mijkar ,d ,sls lekt o jk"Vª ds fuekZ.k dk ekxZ iz'kLr gksrk gS ftlesa lHkh yksx Lora= :i ls thou xqtkj ldasA ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj ds dk;Z&deZ {ks= esa jk"Vªh;rk o vUrjkZ"Vªh;rk dh >yd ns[kh& le>h tk ldrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd dksyfEc;k fo'ofo|ky; esa vè;;u djds fo'oiVy ij viuh irkdk Qgjkus okys fo¼kuksa esa MkW- vEcsMdj vOoy gSaA dksyfEc;k fo'ofo|ky; ds izfl¼ iqLrdky; esa ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dh vko{k izfrek dk yxk;k tkuk Hkh bl ckr dk thrk tkxrk izek.k gS fd lkr leUnj ikj Hkh muds fopkj dk >aMk ygjk jgk gS vkSj mudh dkfcfy;r dks ekU;rk fey jgh gSA viuh ;ksX;rk ,oa miyfCèk;ksa ds dkj.k MkW- vEcsMdj dks fofHkUu mikfèk;ksa ls lEekfur fd;k tk pqdk gSA 5 twu 1952 dks mUgsa dksyfEc;k fo'ofo|ky; us ^MkWDVj vkWQ ykWt* dh mikfèk iznku dh vkSj 12 tuojh 1953 dks gSnjkckn ds mLekfu;ka fo'ofo|ky; us Hkh mUgsa ^Mh fyV* dh mikfèk ls foHkwf"kr fd;k FkkA ckcklkgsc MkW vEcsMdj dgrs Fks&^vius Kku esa o`f¼ djks] lalkj vkidks ekU;rk vo'; nsxkA* MkW- vEcsMdj ,sls deZ;ksxh Fks tks flQZ dgus esa ugha cfYd djus esa fo'okl djrs FksA ;gh otg Fkh fd mUgksaus vius thou esa i<+kbZ dks cgqr egRo fn;kA ifjfLFkfr;ka izfrdwy gksus ds ckotwn i<+kbZ muds ,tsaMs esa 'kh"kZ ij FkhA MkW- vEcsMdj dk ekuorkoknh fpUru jk"Vª&izse ,oa yksd dY;k.k dh Hkkoukvksa ls vksr&izksr FkkA og bZ'oj] vkRek] LoxZ&ujd] eks{k vkfn esa fo'okl ugha djrs Fks] ijUrq lkekftd&vkè;kfRed eqn~nksa esa mudh xgjh vkLFkk FkhA muesa lkgl] èkS;Z ,oa Kku dk vn~Hkqr lfEeJ.k FkkA MkW- vEcsMdj Hkkjr ds gh ugha vfirq fo'o ds ekSfyd] lkekftd] jktuhfrd] vkfFkZd o lkaLd`frd fopkjdkssa esa fxus tkrs gSaA muds fpUru ds dsUnz esa os lc fo"k; jgs gSa ftuds csgrjh ds mijkUr gh ,d lEiw.kZ jk"Vª dk fuekZ.k gks ldrk gSA mudh jpuk lkxj esa Mwcdh yxkus ij ,sls lSadM+ksa mfDr;k¡ ;k rF; fey tk,axs ftlls jk"Vª fuekZ.k esa muds ;ksxnku dks le>k tk ldrk gS ;Fkk & MkW- vEcsMdj ekurs Fks fd] ^eSa loZizFke Hkkjrh; gw¡ vkSj varr% Hkkjrh; gh jgwaxkA*

(lqèkhj fgylk;u)

iqLrd va'k % ikapoha fd'r

Hkkjr esa tkfrizFkk ,oa tkfrizFkk mUewyu MkW- Hkhe jko vEcsMdj tkfrizFkk ,oa tkfrizFkk mUewyu* dks èkkjkokfgd ds rkSj ij ;gka izdkf'kr fd;k tk jgk gSA vk'kk gS ikBd bls ilan djsaxsA & lEiknd

r&ikr rksM+d eaMy ykgkSj ds okf"kZd lEesyu (1936) ds fy, ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj }kjk rS;kj fd;k x;k Hkk"k.k] ftls lEesyu dh Lokxr lfefr dks ilan ugha vkus ds dkj.k i<+k ugha tk ldkA ml Hkk"k.k dks MkW- vEcsMdj us ^Annihilation of Caste* ds uke ls izdkf'kr fd;kA mudh ;g d`fr cgqr gh yksdfiz; gqbZA dbZ Hkk"kkvksa esa bldk vuqokn Hkh gqvkA vkt Hkh mudh ;g d`fr cgqr T;knk i<+h tkrh gSA vxj ;g dgk tk, fd ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj ds jpuk lkxj esa Mqcdh yxkus okys yksxksa dh igyh Mqcdh bl d`fr ds vè;;u ls iwjh gksrh gS] rks blesa dksbZ vfr'k;ksfDr ugha gksxhA fgUnh esa vuqfnr mudh d`fr ^Hkkjr esa vxLr 2013

gSA bl izdkj tgka dksbZ fo"k; osn ;k Le`fr ls lacafèkr gksxk] ogka fgUnw rdZiw.kZ fopkj ugha dj ldrkA ;gka rd fd tgka osnksa vkSj Le`fr;ksa esa mu fo"k;ksa ij fojksèk gS ftuesa mUgksaus Li"V fu"ksèkkKk tkjh dj j[kh gS] ogka Hkh rdZ dk iz;ksx ugha fd;k tk,xkA ;fn nks Jqfr;ksa esa fojksèk gS rks mudh izkekf.kdrk leku ekuh tk,xhA nksuksa esa ls fdlh ,d dk ikyu fd;k tk ldrk gSA ysfdu ;g Kkr djus dk dksbZ iz;kl ugha fd;k tk,xk fd rdZ ds vkèkkj ij dkSu lh Jqfr izekf.kd gSA bls euq us bl izdkj Li"V fd;k gS %

;k vki rdZ dk iz'u mBk ldrs gSa vkSj fgUnqvksa ls ;g dg ldrs gSa fd os tkfr O;oLFkk dks lekIr djsa] D;ksafd og rdZ ds fo#¼ gSa blls ;g iz'u mBrk gS % D;k fgUnw vius rdZ dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, Lora=k gSa\ euq us rhu vuq'kkfLr;ka fofgr dh gSa] ftuds vuqlkj Jqfr}Sèka rq ;=k L;kIr=k èkekZoqHkkS Le`rksA izR;sd fgUnw dks vkpj.k djuk pkfg, % ^^;fn ^Jqfr* vkSj ^Le`fr* ds chp osn% Le`fr% lnkpkj% LoL; p fiz;ekReu% fojksèk gS rks ^Jqfr* dks izkekf.kd ekuk ;gka rdZ dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, tk,xkA** buds fo"k; esa Hkh ;g Kkr dksbZ LFkku ugha gSA fgUnw dks ^Le`fr* ;k djus dk iz;kl ugha fd;k tk,xk fd rdZ ^lnkpkj* dk ikyu djuk gksxkA og ds vkèkkj ij nksuksa esa ls dkSu lh fdlh vU; dk ikyu ugha dj ldrkA izkekf.kd gSA bldk mYys[k euq us bl lacaèk esa lcls igyk iz'u ;g mBrk fuEufyf[kr 'yksd esa fd;k gS % gS fd ;fn osnksa vkSj Le`fr;ksa ds vFkks± ds ;k osnckg~;k% Le`r;ks ;k'p dk'p dqn"` V%A lacaèk esa dksbZ lansg mBrk gS rks muds ikB lokZLrk fu"iQyk% izRs ; reksfu"Bk fg r% Le`rk%AA dk fuoZpu dSls fd;k tk,xk\ bl blds vfrfjÙkQ] ;fn nks Le`fr;ksa esa egRoiw.kZ iz'u ds lacèk esa euq ds fuf'pr fojksèk gS rks ^euq Le`fr* dks izkekf.kd fopkj gSaA os dgrs gSa % ekuk tk,xk] ysfdu ;g iz;kl ugha fd;k ;ks¿oeU;sr rs ewys gsr'q kkL=kkJ;kr~ f}t%A tk,xk fd rdZ ds vkèkkj ij dkSu lh l lkèkqfHkcZfg"dk;ksZ ukfLrdks osn fuUnd%AA Le`fr izkekf.kd gSA o`gLifr }kjk nh xbZ bl fu;e ds vuqlkj osnksa vkSj O;oLFkk bl izdkj gS% Le`fr;ksa dh O;k[;k djus okys fl¼kar ds osnk;Roksifucaèk`Ror~ izek.;a fg euks% Le`rAa :i esa rdZ.kkokn dks iw.kZr% fujkd`r eUoFkZfoijhrk rq ;k Le`fr% lku 'kL;rsAA fd;k x;k gSA bls ukfLrdrk ds leku gh vr% ;g Li"V gS fd dksbZ Hkh fgUnw vuSfrd ekuk x;k gS vkSj blds fy, ml fdlh Hkh fo"k; esa ftlesa Jqfr;ksa ^cfg"dkj* djus dh naM&O;oLFkk dh xbZ vkSj Le`fr;ksa us lqLi"V funsZ'k ns fn;k gS] 4

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

viuh rdZ 'kfDr dk iz;ksx djus ds fy, rks og tkfr&O;oLFkk dks ekurk gh D;ksa Lora=k ugha gSA ^egkHkkjr* esa Hkh ;gh gSA ysfdu og ;g iz'u vius vkils ugha djrk gSA og ,d dne ij tkrikar dks fu;e fofgr fd;k x;k gS % iqjk.ka ekuoks èkeZ% lkaxk osnf'pfdfRlraA rksM+ nsrk gS vkSj nwljs dne ij dksbZ iz'u vkKkfl¼kfu pRokfj u gUrO;kfu gsrfq Hk%AA mBk, fcuk mldk ikyu djus yxrk gSA ,slk vk'p;Ztud vkpj.k djus dk fgUnw dks bu funsZ'kksa dk ikyu djuk dkj.k 'kkL=kksa ds fu;e esa feysxk tks mls gksxkA tkfr rFkk o.kZ ,sls fo"k; gSa] ftu ;g funsZ'k nsrk gS fd mls ;FkklaHko ij osnksa vkSj Le`fr;ksa esa fopkj fd;k x;k tkfr&O;oLFkk dk ikyu djuk pkfg, gSA bldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk gS fd ;fn vkSj ikyu u djus dh fLFkfr esa mls fdlh fgUnw ls rdZ djus dk vkxzg fd;k izk;f'pr djuk pkfg,A izk;f'pr ds bl tk, rks ml ij dksbZ vlj ugha gksrkA fl¼kar ds vuqlkj 'kkL=kksa us le>kSrs okyh tgka rd tkfr vkSj o.kZ dk lacaèk gS] 'kkL=kksa esa dsoy ;gh ugha dgk x;k gS fd ,sls vusd lekt lqèkkjd fgUnw fdlh iz'u ij fu.kZ; ysus esa rdZ dk vkèkkj ugha ys ldrk] cfYd ;g Hkh gq, gSa] ftUgksaus tkfrizFkk dgk x;k gS fd tkfr vkSj o.kZ&O;oLFkk rFkk vLi`';rk dk esa mlds fo'okl ds vkèkkj dh leh{kk mUewyu djus ds fy, rkfdZd <ax ls ugha dh tk,xhA vusd xSj&fgUnw yksxksa ds fy, ;g ekSu euksjatu dk;Z fd;k gSA muesa dk fo"k; lkfcr gksxk] tc os ;g ns[ksaxs jkekuqt] dchj vkfn fd dqN voljksa tSls jsy ;k=kk rFkk fons'k ;k=kk esa vusd fgUnw tkfr dk caèku izeq[k gSaA D;k vki bu rksM+ nsrs gSa] ysfdu fiQj Hkh os vius 'ks"k lekt lqèkkjdksa ds dk;ks± thou esa tkfr&O;oLFkk dks cuk, j[kus dk leFkZu dj ldrs gSa dk iz;kl djrs jgrs gSaA ;fn bl ?kVuk dh O;k[;k dh tk, rks Kkr gksxk fd vkSj fgUnqvksa dks mins'k fgUnqvksa dh rdZ 'kfÙkQ ij ,d vkSj ns ldrs gSa fd os mudk fu;a=k.k gSA euq"; dk thou lkekU;r% ikyu djsa\ vkH;kfld rFkk vfparu'khy gksrk gSA fdlh èkeZ] fo'okl ;k Kku ds dfYir :i ds lacaèk esa lfØ;] laxr ,oa Hkkouk dk ikyu djrs gq, tkfr&O;oLFkk Jelkè; fopkj dh n`f"V ls (mlds dks ges'kk ds fy, thounku ns fn;k vkSj leFkZd vkèkkj rFkk laHkkfor fu"d"kks± ds fparu'khy fopkjksa dh vfHkO;fÙkQ dks nck ifjizs{; esa) fparu'khy fopkj ;nk&dnk fn;k] D;ksafd ,slk u djus ij tkfr&O;oLFkk vkSj dsoy èkeZladV esa fd;k tkrk gSA dh èkkj.kk u"V gks ldrh FkhA fdlh fgUnw ds thou esa jsy ;k=kk,a vkSj fons'k ;k=kk,a okLro esa ,slh gh èkeZladV ,sls vusd lekt lqèkkjd gq, gSa] gksrs gSaA ,sls voljksa ij fdlh fgUnw ls ftUgksaus tkfrizFkk rFkk vLi`';rk dk ;g vk'kk djuk LokHkkfod gS fd og mUewyu djus ds fy, dk;Z fd;k gSA vius vkils ;g iwNs fd tc og lnSo muesa jkekuqt] dchj vkfn izeq[k gSaA D;k tkfr&O;oLFkk dk ikyu ugha dj ldrk vki bu lekt lqèkkjdksa ds dk;ks± dk lkekftd U;k; lans'k

leFkZu dj ldrs gSa vkSj fgUnqvksa dks mins'k ns ldrs gSa fd os mudk ikyu djsa\ ;g lp gS fd euq us Jqfr vkSj Le`fr ds lkFk vuq'kkfLr ds :i esa lnkpkj dks Hkh 'kkfey dj fn;k gSA okLro esa lnkpkj dks 'kkL=kksa ds vis{kkd`r mPp LFkku iznku fd;k x;k gS % ;|n~nkp;Zrs ;su èE;a ok¿èkE;Zeso okA ns'kL;kpj.ka fuR;a pfj=ka rf¼dhfrZre~AA

lnkpkj&Hkys gh 'kkL=kksa ds vuqlkj èkE;Z ;k vèkE;Z gks ;k 'kkL=kksa ds izfrdwy gks] ysfdu mldk ikyu djuk gksxkA lnkpkj dk vFkZ D;k gS\ ;fn dksbZ O;fDr ;g ekurk gS fd lnkpkj dk vFkZ fdlh Hkys ;k èkkfeZd O;fÙkQ ds mfpr ;k usd dk;ks± ls gS rks ;g mldh lcls cM+h xyrh gksxhA lnkpkj dk vFkZ usd dk;ks± ;k usd O;fDr ds dk;ks± ls ugha gSA bldk vFkZ vPNh ;k cqjh&izkphu izFkk ls gSA ;g ckr fuEufyf[kr 'yksd esa Li"V dh xbZ gS % ;fLeu~ ns'ks ; vkpkj% ikjaai;ZØekxr%A o.kkZuka fdy losZ"kka l lnkpkj mP;rsAA

yksxksa dks bl fopkj ds fo#¼ psrkouh nsus ds fy, fd lnkpkj dk vFkZ usd dk;ks± ;k usd O;fDr ds dk;ks± ls ugha gS vkSj bl ckr dh vk'kadk djrs gq, fd yksx bldk vFkZ oSlk gh le> ldrs gSa vkSj usd O;fDr;kas ds dk;ks± dk vuqlj.k dj ldrs gSa] Le`fr;ksa esa fgUnqvksa dks Li"V vkKk nh xbZ gS fd os usd dk;ks± ds fy, nsorkvksa dk Hkh vuqlj.k u djsa] ;fn os Jqfr] Le`fr vkSj lnkpkj ds izfrdwy gSaA bls vki pkgs vlkèkkj.k ;k vR;ar fod`r fopkj dg ldrs gSa] ysfdu okLrfodrk ;g gS fd ^u nso pfjra pjsr~* ,d fu"ksèkkKk gS] tks fgUnqvksa dks muds 'kkL=kksa }kjk nh xbZ gSA fdlh Hkh lqèkkjd ds 'kkL=kkxkj esa rdZ vkSj uSfrdrk&nks gh 'kfDr'kkyh gfFk;kj gksrs gSaA ;fn mlls ;s nksuksa gfFk;kj Nhu fy, tk,a rks og dk;Z djus esa vl'kÙkQ vxLr 2013

gks tk,xkA vki tkfr&O;oLFkk dks dSls lekIr dj ik,axs] tc yksxksa dks ;g lkspus dh Lora=krk ugha gS fd D;k ;g uSfrdrk ds vuqdwy gS\ tkfr&O;oLFkk ds pkjksa rjiQ cukbZ xbZ nhokj vHks| gS vkSj ftl lkexzh ls bldk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k gS] mlesa rdZ vkSj uSfrdrk tSlh dksbZ Toyu'khy oLrq ugha gSA blh nhokj ds ihNs czkã.kksa dh iQkSt [kM+h gS&mu czkã.kksa dh tks ,d cqf¼thoh oxZ gS] mu czkã.kksa dh tks fgUnqvksa ds izkd`frd usrk gSa] mu czkã.kksa dh tks ogka ek=k HkkMs+ ds lSfudksa ds :i ugha gSa] cfYd vius ns'k ds fy, yM+rh gqbZ lsuk ds :i esa gSA vc vki le> x, gksaxs fd eSa ,slk D;ksa lksprk gwa fd fgUnqvksa dh tkfrizFkk dks lekIr djuk izk;% vlaHko gSA cgjgky] bls lekIr djus ls igys dbZ ;qx chr tk,axsA pkgs dk;Z djus esa le; yxrk gS ;k pkgs mls rqjar fd;k tk ldrk gS] ysfdu vkidks ;g ugha Hkwyuk pkfg, fd ;fn vki tkfrizFkk esa njkj Mkyuk pkgrs gSa rks blds fy, vkidks gj gkyr esa osnksa vkSj 'kkL=kksa esa MkbukekbV yxkuk gksxk] D;ksafd osn vkSj 'kkL=k fdlh Hkh rdZ ls vyx gVkrs gSa vkSj osn rFkk 'kkL=k fdlh Hkh uSfrdrk ls oafpr djrs gSaA vkidks ^Jqfr* vkSj ^Le`fr* ds èkeZ dks u"V djuk gh pkfg,A blds vykok vkSj dksbZ pkjk ugha gSA ;gh esjk lkspk fopkjk gqvk fopkj gSA dqN yksx ugha le> ldrs fd èkeZ ds fouk'k ls esjk vk'k; D;k gS_ dqN dks ;g èkkj.kk fonzksgh yx ldrh gS vkSj dqN dks ;g Økafrdkjh fopkj yx ldrk gSA blfy, eSa viuh fLFkfr Li"V djuk pkgrk gwaA eSa ugha tkurk fd D;k vki fl¼karksa vkSj fu;eksa esa Hksn djrs gSa ;k ughaA ysfdu eSa buds chp Hksn ekurk gawA eSa u dsoy budks vyx&vyx ekurk gwa] vxLr 2013

cfYd ;g Hkh ekurk gwa fd buesa Hksn OkkLrfod vkSj egRoiw.kZ gSA fu;e O;kogkfjd gksrs gSa buds fuèkkZfjr ekunaM ds vuqlkj dke djus ds izFkkxr jkLrs gSaA ijUrq fl¼kar ckSf¼d gksrs gSa] ;s phtksa dks ij[kus ds mi;ksxh lkèku gSaA ;s fu;edrkZ dks crkrs gSa fd fdlh dk;Z dks djus ds fy, dkSu lh dk;Zfofèk viukbZ tk,A fl¼kar dksbZ fuf'pr dk;Zfofèk fuèkkZfjr ugha djrsA fu;e [kkuk cukus dh fofèk dh rjg crkrs gSa fd D;k fd;k tk, vkSj dSls fd;k tk,A fl¼kar] tSls U;k; ds fl¼kar izeq[k 'kh"kZ crkrs gSa] ftlds lanHkZ esa mls viuh bPNkvksa vkSj y{;ksa ds fn'kkdks.k ij fopkj djuk gksrk gS] ;s mls lq>ko nsdj mldk ekxZn'kZu djrs gSa fd mls fdu egRoiw.kZ ckrksa dks è;ku esa j[kuk pkfg,A fu;e vkSj fl¼karksa dk Hksn mlds fd, x, dk;Z ds xq.k vkSj fo"k;&oLrq ls varj Li"V gks tkrk gSA dksbZ vPNk dk;Z djuk ftls fu;e vPNk ekurs gSa] rFkk fl¼krksa ds ifjizs{; esa vPNk deZ djuk] nks vyx&vyx ckrsa gSaA fl¼kar xyr Hkh gks ldrk gS] ysfdu blds varxZr fd;k x;k deZ lpsru gksrk gS vkSj bldk ,d mÙkjnkf;Ro gksrk gSA fu;e lgh gks ldrk gS vkSj blds varxZr fd;k x;k deZ e'khuh gksrk gSA dksbZ èkkfeZd deZ lgh deZ u Hkh gks fdarq bl deZ dk ,d mÙkjnkf;Ro gksrk gSA bl mÙkjnkf;Ro ds dkj.k èkeZ dsoy fl¼karksa ij vkèkkfjr gksrk gSA ;g fu;eksa dk fo'ks"k ugha gks ldrk ftl {k.k fl¼kar fod`r gksdj fu;e esa cny tkrk gS] mlh le; ;g èkeZ ugha jg tkrk D;ksafd og mÙkjnkf;Ro dks lekIr dj nsrk gS tks okLrfod èkkfeZd deZ dk lkj gksrk gSA fgUnw èkeZ D;k gS\ D;k ;s fl¼karksa dk lewg gS ;k fu;e&lafgrk\ osnksa vkSj Le`fr;ksa esa of.kZr fgUnw èkeZ dqN Hkh ugha gS] ;g dsoy cfy] lkekftd] jktuSfrd rFkk 6

LoPNrk ds fu;e vkSj fofu;eu dk feyktqyk iqat gSA fgUnw ftls èkeZ dgrs gSa] og vkSj dqN Hkh ugha dsoy vkns'kksa rFkk fu"ksèkkKksa dk iqfyank gSA vkè;kfRed fl¼karksa ds :i esa èkeZ ;FkkFkZ esa lkoZHkkSfed gksrk gSA tks lkjh iztkfr;ksa vkSj ns'kksa ij gj dky esa leku :i ls ykxw gksrk gSA ;s rRo fgUnw èkeZ esa fo|eku ugha gSa vkSj ;fn gSa Hkh rks ;s fgUnw ds thou dks lapkfyr ugha djrsA fgUnw ds fy, ^èkeZ* 'kCn dk vFkZ Li"V :i ls vkns'kksa vkSj fu"ksèkkKksa ls gSA vkSj èkeZ 'kCn osnksa vkSj le`fr;ksa esa blh vFkZ esa iz;qDr gqvk gS rFkk ,slk gh Vhdkdkjksa }kjk le>k x;k gSA osnksa esa iz;qDr ^èkeZ* 'kCn dk rkRi;Z èkkfeZd vè;kns'kksa ;k vuq"Bkuksa ls gSA ;gka rd fd tsfeuh us viuh ^iwoZ ehekalk* esa èkeZ] dh ifjHkk"kk bl izdkj dh gS] ^^,d bfPNr y{; ;k ifj.kke tks vkns'kkFkZ gSa] ftls oSfnd ifjPNsnksa esa crk;k x;k gSA** ljy vkSj lhèkh Hkk"kk esa dgk tk, rks fgUnw ^èkeZ* dks dkuwu ;k vfèkd ls vfèkd dkuwuh oxZ&uhfr ekurs gSaA Li"V :i ls dgk tk, rks eSa bl vè;kns'kh; lafgrk dks ^èkeZ* ekuus ls bUdkj djrk gwaA xyr :i ls èkeZ dgh tkus okyh bl vè;kns'kh; lafgrk dh igyh cqjkbZ ;g gS fd ;g uSfrd thou dh Lora=krk vkSj LosPNk ls oafpr djrh gS rFkk ckgj ls Fkksis x, fu;eksa }kjk fpafrr vkSj pVksj cuk nsrh gSA blds varxZr vkn'kks± ds izfr fu"Bk ugha gSa] dsoy vkns'kksa dk ikyu gh vko';d gSA bl vkè;kns'kh; lafgrk dh lcls cM+h cqjkbZ ;g gS fd blesa of.kZr dkuwu dy] vkt] vkSj ges'kk ds fy, ,d gh gSaA ;s dkuwu vleku gSa rFkk lHkh oxks± ij leku :i ls ykxw ugha gksrsA bl vlekurk dks fpjLFkk;h cuk fn;k x;k gS D;ksafd bls lHkh ihf<+;ksa ds fy, ,d gh izdkj ls ykxw fd;k x;k gSA vkifÙktud ckr ;g ugha gS fd bl lkekftd U;k; lans'k

lafgrk dks fdlh iSxEcj ;k dkuwunkrk dgs tkus okys egku O;fDr us cuk;k gSA vkifÙktud ckr ;g gS fd bl lafgrk dks vafrerk o fLFkjrk iznku dh xbZ gSA eu dh izlUurk fdlh O;fDr dh voLFkkvksa rFkk ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuqlkj cnyrh jgrh gSA eu dh izlUurk vyx&vyx O;fDr;ksa ds fy, vyx&vyx dky esa Hkh cnyrh jgrh gSA bl fLFkfr esa ekuork dc rd f'kdats esa tdM+s vkSj viax cus jgdj bl ckgjh dkuwu dh lafgrk dks lgu dj ldrh gS\ blfy, ;g dgus esa eq>s dksbZ f>>d ugha gS fd ,sls èkeZ dks u"V fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk ,sls èkeZ dks u"V djus dk dk;Z vèkeZ ugha dgyk,xkA okLro esa] eSa dgrk gw¡ fd vkidk ije drZO; ;g gS fd vki bl eq[kkSVs dks mrkj nks tks xyr :i ls dkuwu dks èkeZ crkrk gSA vkids fy, ;g ,d vko';d dk;Z gSA ,d ckj vki yksxksa dks lkiQ&lkiQ crk nsrs gSa fd ;g èkeZ] èkeZ ugha gS] ;g oLrqr% ,d dkuwu gSA rc vki ;g dgus dh fLFkfr esa gksaxs fd blesa la'kksèku fd;k tk, ;k bls lekIr fd;k tk,A tc rd yksx bls èkeZ ekurs jgsaxs] rc rd os blesa la'kksèku ds fy, rS;kj ugha gksaxs] D;ksafd ;fn vkerkSj ij dgk tk, rks èkeZ dks cny Mkyus dk fopkj ekU; ugha gksrk gSA ysfdu dkuwu dh èkkj.kk cnyko dh èkkj.kk ls tqM+h gksrh gS vkSj tc vki le> tkrs gSa fd ;g èkeZ ,d iqjkuk rFkk iqjkrRoh; gS] rc rks bls cnyus ds fy, rS;kj gks tk,axs D;ksafd yksx tkurs gSa fd dkuwu cnyk tk ldrk gSA ;|fi eSa èkeZ ds fu;eksa dh fuank djrk gw]a bldk vFkZ ;g u yxk;k tk, fd èkeZ dh vko';drk gh ughaA blds foijhr eSa cdZ ds dFku ls lger gw]a tks dgrk gS% ^^lPpk èkeZ lekt dh uhao gS] ftl ij lc ukxfjd ljdkjsa fVdh gqbZ gSAa ** lkekftd U;k; lans'k

ifj.kker% tc eSa ;g vuqjksèk djrk gwa fd thou ds ,sls iqjkus fu;e lekIr dj fn, tk,a] rc eSa ;g ns[kus dk mRlqd gwa fd bldk LFkku ^èkeZ ds fl¼kar] ys ysa] rHkh ge nkok dj ldrs gSa fd ;gh lPpk èkeZ gSA okLro esa] eSa bl ckr ls iwjh rjg lger gwa fd èkeZ vko';d gSA blfy, eSa vkidks dguk pkgrk gaw fd èkeZ esa lqèkkj dks eSa ,d vko';d igyw ekurk gawA esjs fopkj ls èkeZ esa lqèkkj ds ewyHkwr eqís bl izdkj gSa % (1) fgUnw èkeZ dh dsoy ,d vkSj dsoy ,d gh ekud iqLrd gksuh pkfg,] ftls lkjs ds lkjs fgUnw Lohdkj djsa vkSj

;|fi eSa èkeZ ds fu;eksa dh fuank djrk gwa] bldk vFkZ ;g u yxk;k tk, fd èkeZ dh vko';drk gh ughaA blds foijhr eSa cdZ ds dFku ls lger gwa] tks dgrk gS% ^^lPpk èkeZ lekt dh uhao gS] ftl ij lc ukxfjd ljdkjsa fVdh gqbZ gSaA** ekU;rk nsaA blls oLrqr% esjk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd osnksa] 'kkL=kksa vkSj iqjk.kksa dks ifo=k vkSj vfèkd`r xzaFk ekuus ij jksd yxs rFkk bu xzaFkks esa fufgr èkkfeZd ;k lkekftd er dk izopu djus ij ltk dk izkoèkku gks] (2) vPNk gksxk ;fn fgUnqvksa esa iqjksfgrkbZ lekIr dh tk,A pwafd ,slk gksuk vlaHko gS] blfy, iqjksfgrkbZ iq'rSuh ugha gksuh pkfg,A izR;sd O;fDr tks vius dks fgUnw ekurk gS] mls jkT; ds }kjk ijh{kk ikl dj lun izkIr dj ysus ij iqtkjh cuus dk vfèkdkj 7

gksuk pkfg,] (3) fcuk lun ds èkekZuq"Bku djus dks dkuwuu oSèk ugha ekuk tkuk pkfg,A ftuds ikl lun ugha gS] muds }kjk iqtkjh dk dke fd, tkus ij ltk dk izkoèkku gks] (4) iqtkjh ,d ljdkjh ukSdj gksuk pkfg,] ftlds Åij uSfrdrk] vkLFkk rFkk iwtk ds ekeyksa esa vuq'kklukRed dk;Zokgh dh tk ldsA blds vykok mlij ukxfjd dkuwu Hkh ykxw gksus pkfg, vkSj] (5) iqtkfj;ksa dh la[;k dks dkuwu }kjk vko';drk ds vuq:i lhfer fd;k tkuk pkfg,] tSlk fd vkbZ-lh-,l- ds inksa dh la[;k ds ckjs esa fd;k tkrk gSA dqN yksxksa ds fy, ;g lq>ko vfr lqèkkjoknh yx ldrk gSA ysfdu bls eSa Økafrdkjh dne ugha ekurk gw¡A Hkkjr esa izR;sd O;olk; dk fu;eu fd;k x;kA tSls bathfu;j }kjk ;ksX;rk n'kkZbZ tkuh pkfg,A MkDVj }kjk ;ksX;rk n'kkZbZ tkuh pkfg,] odhy }kjk Hkh ;ksX;rk n'kkZbZ tkuh pkfg,A blls igys fd os vius is'ks dks viuk,aA vius is'ks ds laiw.kZ le; ds nkSjku os u dsoy ukxfjd vkSj vkijkfèkd dkuwu ekuus ds fy, ckè; gSa] cfYd lacafèkr is'ks esa uSfrdrk dh fo'ks"k vkpkj&lafgrk Hkh ekuus dks ckè; gSaA dsoy iqtkjh dk gh is'kk ,slk gS ftlds fy, dksbZ vkpkj&lafgrk fuèkkZfjr ugha gSA ekufld :i ls iqtkjh ew[kZ gks ldrk gS] 'kkjhfjd :i ls og fdlh [kjkc chekjh] tSls lwtkd ;k fliQfyl ls xzflr gks ldrk gS] vkSj uSfrd #i ls og vèkehZ gks ldrk gSA blds ckotwn og iq.; vuq"Bku dj ldrk gS] fgUnw eafnj ds xHkZx`g esa izos'k dj ldrk gS rFkk fgUnw nsorkvksa dh iwtk dj ldrk gSA blds fy, ,d gh 'krZ gS fd og iqjksfgr dh tkfr esa iSnk gqvk gksA ;g ?k`.kkLin gS vkSj ;g lc bl dkj.k gS fd fgUnw iqtkjh ij u rks dksbZ dkuwu ykxw gS vkSj u gh dksbZ uSfrdrk dh vxLr 2013

vFkZ gS&u;k thouA ysfdu ,d u;k thou e`r 'kjhj esa izos'k ugha dj ldrkA u;k thou dsoy u, 'kjhj esa gh izos'k dj lds] iqjkus 'kjhj dks gj gkyr esa ejuk pkfg,A lkèkkj.k 'kCnksa esa blls igys fd u;k thou Mkyk tk, vkSj mlesa Lianu gks] iqjkus <jsZ dks lekIr gksuk pkfg,A ;gh esjs dgus dk vFkZ gS] tc eSaus dgk Fkk fd 'kkL=kksa dh lÙkk dks gVkvks vkSj 'kkL=kksa dk èkeZ u"V dj nksA eSaus vkidks cgqr nsj rd fcBkdj j[kk gSA vc le; vk x;k gS fd eSa viuk Hkk"k.k lekIr d:aA ;g ,d lqfoèkktud fcanq gS] tgka eq>s #d tkuk pkfg,A ysfdu laHkor% fgUnw Jksrkvksa ds chp esa ,sls fo"k; ij esjk vafre Hkk"k.k gS] tks fo"k; fgUnqvksa ds fy, izk.kkèkkj gSA blls igys fd eSa Hkk"k.k nsuk can da:] eSa fgUnqvksa ds lkeus ,sls iz'u j[kuk pgrk gwa] ftldks eSa vfr egRoiw.kZ le>rk gaw vkSj eSa mUgsa mu ij fopkj djus ds fy, vkeaf=kr djrk pkgs vki ,slk djsa ;k u djsa] gwaA vkidks vius èkeZ dks ,d u;k lS¼kafrd lcls igys fgUnqvksa dks fopkj djuk vkèkkj nsuk gksxk] tks Lora=krk] lekurk vkSj HkkbZ&pkjs ds] la{ksi esa] iztkra=k ds pkfg, fd D;k os vkLFkk] vknrsa] uSfrdrk vuq:i gks eSa bl fo"k; dk fo'ks"kK ugha vkSj thou ds izfr èkkj.kk ds ckjs esa gwa ysfdu eq>s crk;k x;k gS fd ,sls u`tkfr&foKkfu;ksa ds 'kkafriw.kZ n`f"Vdks.k èkkfeZd fl¼kar tks Lora=krk] lekurk dks ekuuk dkiQh ekurs gaSA tks lalkj ds vkSj HkkbZpkjs ds vuq:i gks] mUgsa fons'k vyx&vyx yksxksa esa fHkUu&fHkUu :i esa ls ykus dh vko';drk ugha gS] D;ksafd ik, tkrs gSa] ;k D;k ;g vko';d ugha bl izdkj ds fl¼kar mifu"knksa esa of.kZr gS fd ;g irk yxkus dk iz;kl fd;k gSaA vki pkgsa rks iwjk <kapk cnys fcuk tk, fd lalkj esa fdl izdkj dh dPph èkkrq dks ;Fks"V dVkbZ&NaVkbZ djds uSfrdrk] vkLFkk rFkk n`f"Vdks.k j[kus ;g fd;k tk ldrk gS] tks esjs dFku ls okys iuis gSa] etcwr gq, gSa rFkk mUgksaus vfèkd gSA bldk rkRi;Z gS fd thou bl i`Foh ij jkt fd;k gSA tSlk fd dh ewyHkwr èkkj.kkvksa dks iwjh rjg cnyk izksiQslj us dgk gS] ^^uSfrdrk vkSj èkeZ tk,A bldk rkRi;Z gS fd euq"; vkSj tks uSfrd Lohd`fr vkSj vLohd`fr dh phtksa ds izfr n`f"Vdks.k rFkk joS,s esa iwjk laxfBr vfHkO;fÙkQ gS] vfLrRo ds lanHkZ cnyko yk;k tk, bldk vFkZ gS esa egRoiw.kZ rRo gS tks vkØe.k vkSj ^èkeZ&ifjorZu* ijarq ;fn vki bl 'kCn j{kk ds lPps gfFk;kj] nkar vkSj iats] dks ilan ugha djrs rks eSa dgwaxk bldk lhax vkSj [kqj] iQj vkSj ia[k] vFkkZr~ lc vkpkj&lafgrkA buds fy, dksbZ drZO; fuèkkZfjr ugha gSA dsoy vfèkdkj vkSj lqfoèkk,a bUgsa feyh gqbZ gSaA ;g ,d ,slh cyk gS] ftls nsorkx.kksa us lekt ds ekufld rFkk uSfrd iru ds fy, ykn fn;k gSA tSlk fd eSaus mlls iwoZ mYys[k fd;k gS] iqjksfgr oxZ dks foèks;d }kjk fu;a=k.k esa fy;k tkuk pkfg,A blls yksxksa dk vfu"V djus vksj mUgsa xqejkg djus ij jksd yxsxhA blesa iqjksfgrkbZ iztkrkaf=kd laLFkk cu tk,xh rFkk iqjksfgr cuus ds volj lHkh ds fy, [kqqy tk,axsA bl izdkj czkã.kokn dks ekjus esa enn feysxh vkSj tkfr;ksa dh lekfIr esa Hkh enn feysxh] tks czkã.kokn dh gh nsu gSA czkã.kokn dks ekjus ds ckn gh vki fgUnqokn dks cpkus esa liQy gks ik,axsA fdlh Hkh vksj ls lqèkkjksa dk fojksèk ugha gksuk pkfg,A }kjk Hkh bu lq>koksa dk Lokxr fd;k tkuk pkfg,] D;ksafd ;s muds }kjk viuk, x, fl¼kar ^xq.kdeZ* ds vuq:i gSaA

vxLr 2013

dqN gSaA lkekftd lewg] leqnk;] vkfne fuoklh ;k jk"Vª tks uSfrdrk dh vO;ogk;Z ;kstuk,a fodflr dj ysrs gSaA ;k buds varxZr ,sls lkekftd deZ fodflr dj ysrs gSa tks mUgsa vfLrRo ds fy, detksj vkSj v{ke cukrs gSa] vknru Lohd`fr dh Hkkouk iSnk djrs gSa] tc fd os lkekftd deZ tks mUgsa etcwr vkSj foLrkj ds fy, leFkZ cukrs gSa] vknru frjLdkj dh Hkkouk iSnk djrs gSa vkSj varr% vfLrRo ds la?k"kZ esa feV tkrs gSaA bu vknrksa dh Lohd`fr ;k vLohd`fr gh (;s èkeZ vkSj uSfrdrk ds ifj.kke gSa) bUgsa mlh izdkj iaxq cuk nsrh gS] ftl izdkj ef{kdk ds ,d vksj nks ia[k gksa rFkk nwljh vksj dksbZ ia[k u gks rks ef{kdk mM+ gh ugha ik,xhA bl ckr ij cgl csdkj gS fd ,d O;oLFkk vPNh gS rks nwljh O;oLFkk Hkh vPNh gksxhA** blfy, uSfrdrk vkSj èkeZ dsoy ilan vkSj ukilanxh ds eqís ugha gSaA vki uSfrdrk dh O;oLFkk dks vR;fèkd ukilan dj ldrs gSa] ftls ,d jk"Vª esa lkoZHkkSfed :i ls ykxw fd;k tk, rks og jk"Vª i`Foh ij ,d lcls etcwr jk"Vª cu tk,xkA vkidh ukilanxh ds ckn Hkh ,slk jk"Vª etcwr gks tk,xkA vki fdlh ,d uSfrdrk dh O;oLFkk vkSj U;k; ds vkn'kZ dks vR;fèkd ilan dj ldrs gSa tks ;fn fdlh jk"Vª esa lkoZHkkSfed :i ls ykxw fd;k tk, rks og jk"Vª vU; jk"Vªksa ds lkFk la?k"kZ esa [kM+k ugha jg ik,xkA vkidh bl iz'kalk ds ckotwn ,slk jk"Vª varr% yqIr gks tk,xkA fgUnqvksa dks vius èkeZ vkSj uSfrdrk dks vfLrRo ds ewY;ksa ds lanHkZ esa ij[kuk pkfg,A nwljh ckr ;g gS fd fgUnqvksa dks bl ij fopkj djuk pkfg, fd mUgsa viuh laiw.kZ lkekftd èkjksgj dks lqjf{kr j[kuk gS ;k tks mi;ksxh gks mls pqudj Hkkoh ihf<+;ksa dks dsoy mruk gh lkekftd U;k; lans'k

gLrkarfjr djuk gS] mlls vfèkd fcYdqy ughaA izksiQslj tkWu fMoh] tks esjs f'k{kd jgs gSa rFkk ftudk eSa ½.kh gwa] us dgk gS] ^^izR;sd lekt NksVh lh ckrksa ls] vrhr dh lw[kh ydfM+;ksa ls rFkk fuf'pr :i ls fod`r phtksa ls Hkkj&xzLr gks tkrk gSA pawfd lekt vfèkd izcq¼ gks tkrk gS] blfy, ;g eglwl djrk gS fd og laj{k.k ds fy, mÙkjnk;h ugha gS vkSj viuh orZeku lexz miyfCèk;ksa ds izsj.kk ds fy, Hkh mÙkjnk;h ugha gS] ijarq og dsoy bl ckr dk mÙkjnk;h gS fd vfèkd Js"B Hkkoh lekt dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk,A** ;gka rd fd cdZ izQkal dh Økafr esa fufgr fl¼karksa ds cnyko dk rhoz fojksèk djus ds ckotwn ;g ekuus dks ckè; gqvk fd ^,slk jkT; tks cnyko ds lkèku ls jfgr gS] og jkT; ds j{k.k ds lkèkuksa ls Hkh jfgr gSA cnyko ds lkèku ds fcuk ,sls jkT; dks lafoèkku ds ml Hkkx dk uqdlku gksus dk Hkh tksf[ke mBkuk iM+sxk] ftl Hkkx dh og èkeZfu"Bk ls j{kk djuk pkgrk gSA** cdZ us jkT; ds ckjs esa tks dgk gS] ogh ckr lekt ds ckjs esa Hkh ykxw gksrh gSA rhljh ckr ;g gS fd fgUnqvksa dks vrhr dh iwtk can djus ij fopkj djuk pkfg,A bl iwtk ds xyr ifj.kkeksa ds ckjs esa izksiQslj fMoh us dgk gS] ^^O;fDr dsoy orZeku esa th ldrk gSA orZeku] Hkwrdky ds ckn ugha vkrk ;k bls Hkwrdky dk ifj.kke gh ugha ekusaxsA thou blh esa gS fd vrhr dks orZeku ds ihNs NksM+ fn;k tk,A vrhr ds ifj.kkeksa ds vè;;u ls gh orZeku dks le>us esa enn ugha feysxhA vrhr dk rFkk vrhr dh èkjksgj dk orZeku esa izos'k djus dks gh egRoiw.kZ le>uk] vU;Fkk ughaA vrhr ds fjdkMZ rFkk vo'ks"k dks cukus esa gqbZ xyfr;ksa dks f'k{kk dk izeq[k lkèku cuk nsus ls vrhr lkekftd U;k; lans'k

dks ge orZeku dk fojksèkh cuk nsrs gSa rFkk orZeku dks ge cgqr dqN vrhr dh udy cuk nsrs gSaA** ,slk fl¼kar tks orZeku ds thus ,oa c<+us ds deZ dks NksVk ekurk gS] orZeku dks fjÙkQ le>rk gS rFkk Hkfo"; dks cgqr nwjA ,slk fl¼kar izxfr dk nq'eu gS vkSj thou ds rst o vuojr izokg esa ckèkk iSnk djrk gSA pkSFkk] D;k fgUnqvksa dks bl ij fopkj dj eku ugha ysuk pkfg, fd dqN Hkh fLFkj ugha gS] dqN Hkh 'kk'or ugha gS vkSj u gh dqN lukru gS] gj pht ifjorZu'khy gSA O;fÙkQ vkSj lekt ds fy, ifjorZu thou dk fu;e gSA ,d cnyrs gq, lekt esa iqjkus ewY;ksa esa lrr~ Økafrdkjh cnyko vkuk pkfg, rFkk fgUnqvksa dks ;g eglwl djuk pkfg, fd ;fn dk;ks± dks ekius ds dqN ekud gSa rks mu ekudksa dks lqèkkjus ds fy, rS;kj jguk pkfg,A eq>s ;g ckr Lohdkj djuh iMs+xh fd ;g Hkk"k.k cgqr yack gks x;k gSA vc vkidks fu.kZ; djuk gS fd vfèkd lhek rd bl xyrh dh {kfriwfrZ gqbZ gS ;k ughaA eSa ;gh nkok djrk gwa eSaus vius fopkj Li"V :i ls crk fn, gSaA esjs ikl bu fopkjksa dh vuq'kalk ds fy, dqN vè;;u vkSj vkidh fu;fr ds fy, xgu fpark ds flok; cgqr FkksM+k gSA vxj vki eq>s vuqefr nsa rks eSa dgwaxk fd ;s fopkj ml O;fÙkQ ds gSa] tks O;fÙkQ u rks lÙkk dk vkStkj gS vkSj u gh cM+ksa dk pkVqdkjA ;s fopkj ,sls O;fÙkQ ds gSa] ftldk lkoZtfud thou xjhc vkSj ncs&dqpys yksxksa dks Lora=krk ds fy, lefiZr gS] ysfdu ftldh jk"Vªh; usrkvksa vkSj lekpkj&i=kksa us fuank dhA eSa fcuk nkaoisap [ksys ;g dguk pkgrk gwa fd ,sls usrkvksa dk lkFk nsus ls eSa bUdkj djrk gwa tks fujdqa'k ds Lo.kZ ls rFkk jbZl ds èku ls ncs&dqpys yksxksa dh Lora=krk fnykus 9

dk peRdkj fn[kkuk pkgrs gSaA esjs fopkjksa dh fliQkfj'k ds fy, bruk lc dkiQh ugha gSA eSa lksprk gwa fd 'kk;n ;s fopkj vkids fopkjksa dks ugha cny ik,axsA ;s fopkj ,slk dj ikrs gSa ;k ugha] ;g ckr vki ij fuHkZj gSA vkidks tkrikar dks tM+ ls m[kkM+ iQsadus dk dke vxj esjs ekxZn'kZu ls ugha gqvk rks eSa vkidk lkFk ugha ns ikÅaxkA eSaus Hkh cnyus dk iSQlyk dj fy;k gSA ;g mi;qDr LFkku ugha gS] tgka blds fy, eSa dkj.k crkÅaA ysfdu vkids nk;js ls ckgj tkus ds ckn Hkh eSa vkids vkanksyu dks lfØ; lgkuqHkwfr ls ij[krk jgwaxk rFkk eSa ;Fkk'kfÙkQ vkidh lgk;rk djrk jgawxkA vkidk ;g ,d jk"Vªh; y{; gSA blesa lansg ugha gS fd tkrikar fgUnqvksa dh èkM+du gSA ij fgUnqvksa us okrkoj.k dks iznwf"kr fd;k gS] ftlls izR;sd laØfer gS] ftlesa fl[k] eqfLye vkSj bZlkbZ Hkh 'kkfey gSaA vki] fl[k] eqfLye vkSj bZlkbZ lfgr mu lcds leFkZu ds ik=k gSa] tks bl laØe.k ls xzflr gSaA vkidk jk"Vªh; vkanksyu vU; jk"Vªh; vkanksyuksa ls dfBu gS] tSls fd LojktA Lojkt ds fy, la?k"kZ esa lkjk jk"Vª vkids lkFk la?k"kZ djrk gSA ysfdu vkids vkanksyu esa vkidks vius gh jk"Vª ds lkFk yM+uk iM+rk gSA ysfdu ;g vkanksyu Lojkt ls T;knk egRoiw.kZ gSA Lojkt dk dksbZ eryc ugha jg tk,xk] vxj vki bldh j{kk u dj ik,A Lojkt ls T;knk egRoiw.kZ iz'u Lojkt ds varxZr fgUnqvksa dks cpkuk gS esjs fopkj ls fgUnw lekt tc ,d tkfrghu lekt cu tk,xk] rHkh blds ikl Lo;a dks cpkus ds fy, dkiQh 'kfÙkQ gksxhA bl vkarfjd rkdr ds fcuk fgUnqvksa ds fy, Lojkt] xqykeh dh vksj dsoy ,d dne gksxkA vyfonk rFkk vkidh liQyrk ds fy, esjh 'kqHkdkeuk,aA 'ks"k vxys vad esa-----

vxLr 2013

jk"Vª fuekZrk MkW- ch-vkj- vEcsMdj dUgS;kyky papjhd

usg: ;qxpsrk egkiq#"k Fks] ysfdu MkWvEcsMdj bu ;qxpsrk egkiq#"kksa ds Hkh egkizk.k vkSj vxz.kh ;qx iq#"k Fks ftlus lfn;ksa iqjkuh n;uh; dk#f.kd ysfdu fuan~; vLi`';rk vkSj nklrk dk var fd;k vkSj lafoèkku ds varxZr bu oafprksa dks ekSfyd vfèkdkj vkSj lekurk ds volj miyCèk djk,A¸

rqyuh; Kku] foy{k.k izfrHkk] lkekftd&jktuhfrd Økafr ds vxznwr vkSj Hkkjr ds uo fuekZ.k ds egku~ f'kYih MkW- vEcsMdj ds fo"k; esa bl NksVs ls ys[k esa dqN fof'k"V ckrksa ij gh izdk'k Mkyk tk ldrk gSA fuLlansg MkW- vEcsMdj chloha lnh ds egku~ jk"Vªoknh] cqf¼thoh vkSj oSKkfud lksp ds vxz.kh fpard FksA os iqjkr.kiaFkh lksp] iksaxkiaFk] èkk£ed vaèkfo'oklksa ds izcy fojksèkh FksA dkyZ ekDlZ us ihtsaVjh vkSj izksysVsfj;V oxZ dh eqfDr ds fy, oxZ la?k"kZ] ¯gld Økafr dh odkyr dhA ysfdu MkWvEcsMdj 'kkafriwoZd] vfgald lkekftd Økafr dh ckr djrs gSaA iwohZ ;wjksi ds Ñ"kd&etnwjksa] nklksa ls Hkh vfèkd vR;kpkj Hkkjr ds vLi`';ksa us lgu fd, ftudk eqfDr vfHk;ku MkW- vEcsMdj ds usr`Ro esa gh liQy gqvkA blfy, iztkrkaf=kd ewY;ksa ds izcy i{kèkj] O;fDr ,oa jk"Vª dh Lora=krk ds leFkZd] ekuoh; d#.kk ds lkxj] misf{krksa&oafprksa esa Kku jf'e;ksa ds mn~xkrk jk"Vªoknh MkW- vEcsMdj ds ;ksxnku dks lkèkkj.k dksfV ds nfd;kuwlh yksx Hkyk dSls vkad ldrs gSaA os Lora=krk] jk"Vªh;rk] iztkra=k vkSj jk"Vªh; ewY;ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr dj loZekU; cu x, gSaA chloha lnh ds f}rh; vkSj r`rh; n'kd esa vesfjdk vkSj ;wjksi esa mUgksaus mPp f'k{kk xzg.k dh FkhA rc Hkkjr lkezkT;okn ds tq, dks <ks jgk FkkA vxLr 2013

fo"kerk dh laLÑfr dk ;gk¡ cksyckyk FkkA nfer ekuork dh dksbZ vkokt ugha FkhA O;fÙkQxr Lokra=;] lerk vkSj lkekftd U;k; ls Hkkjr iw.kZr% oafpr FkkA

;g fuLlansg ,d ;qx fuekZ.kdkjh dk;Z Fkk ftls jk"Vªoknh vkSj thou ewY;ksa esa fu"Bk j[kus okys MkW- vEcsMdj tSls egkiq#"k gh laiUu dj ldrs Fks ftlds fy, os thou Hkj la?k"kZjr jgsA fo'o bfrgkl esa ,slk dksbZ mnkgj.k ugha gS fd izkphu jkse vkSj vjc ds xqykeksa ls Hkh vfèkd Øwj nklrk dk thou thus okys Hkkjr dh tula[;k ds pkSFks fgLls ds yksx cgqla[;d fgUnw lekt dh yknh xbZ fofp=k fojksèkkHkklh] èkk£ed&lkekftd& vk£Fkd O;oLFkk ls ml le; Hkh vkgr&ihfM+r Fks tc egku~ lH;rk vkSj laLÑfr] O;fDrxr Lokra=;] lkekftd ewY;ksa ds izfr le£ir fczfV'k tkfr Hkkjr esa vius lkezkT;okn ds pyrs ;g rek'kk pqipki rhu 'krkfCn;ksa ls ns[k jgh FkhA vEcsMdj gh og ;qxpsrk egkiq#"k Fks ftlus fczfV'k ljdkj dks uhan ls txk;kA

lkxj ikj ik'pkR; ns'kksa dh Hkwfe ij gh mUgksaus eu esa Bku fy;k Fkk fd os xqykeh <ksrs djksM+ksa vLi`';ksa] nfyrksa ij lfn;ksa ls yknh xbZ tkrh; fo"kerk] fu;ksZX;rkvksa vkSj vfèkdkj foghurk ds lewy mPNsnu ds fy, la?k"kZ djsaxsA ,sls fopkj ns'kHkfÙkQ ds jax esa jaxs jk"Vªoknh vEcsMdj gh dj ldrs FksA ftUgksaus ^dksyafc;k fo'ofo|ky;* ^yanu Ldwy vkWiQ bdksukWfeDl* vkSj ^xzst bu* tSls fczVsu dh laln ds gkml vkWiQ fo'o ds loksZPpre Kku dsUnzksa esa mPp dkWeUl esa nwjn'khZ mnkjoknh lkaln uhy f'k{kk xzg.k dh FkhA fdUukSd us Li"Vr% dgk fd ¶ge iwohZ MkW- vEcsMdj ds fo"k; esa fczfV'k ;wjksi dh Økafr ds ckjs esa tkurs gSa vkSj lkaln ekbdsy iqQV us Bhd gh dgk gS teZuh vkSj :l esa tks Økafrdkjh lkekftd fd ¶Hkkjr ds egku~ usrkvksa esa xkaèkh vkSj lqèkkj gq, gSa mlls Hkh ifjfpr gSaA ;s lc 10

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

Økafr;ka fo'o 'kfDr;ksa ds 'khr ;q¼ ds i'pkr~ laHko gqbZA ysfdu cq¼ ds vuq;k;h MkW- vEcsMdj us 'kkafriw.kZ <ax ls 'kksf"kr&nfyr ekuork dks eqfÙkQ fnykbZ rFkk 'kkafr] lerk vkSj U;k; dk izfriknu fd;kA¸

fuokZg djus okys vkSj djksM+ksa nklrk Hkksxrs nfyrksa dks vLi`';rk] ghu Hkkouk ls eqfDr fnykus okys ckcklkgsc MkWvEcsMdj tSls ;qx iq#"k ds dk;Zdykiksa o xfrfofèk;ksa esas ns'kHkfDr vkSj jk"Vªh;rk dwV&dwV dj Hkjk FkkA

bl vfgald lkekftd Økafr] nfyr Lora=krk laxzke dks ;wjksi vesfjdk ds fpardksa us gh ugha] lkE;oknh ns'kksa ds fo}kuksa us Hkh ljkgkA Hkkjr gh ugha iwjk fo'o tkurk gS fd vktUe MkW- vEcsMdj egku~ jk"Vªoknh] Lora=krk izseh vkSj iztkra=kh; ewY;ksa ds izcy i{kèkj jgsA muds fopkj] muds fl¼kar] dk;Z 'kSyh mudh jpukvksa esa lajf{kr gS tks laihfM+r jk"Vªksa dks izsfjr djrh jgh gSA Hkkjr esa muds fo"k; esa lokZfèkd 'kksèk dk;Z gqvk gSA ik'pkR; ns'kksa ds vè;srk Hkh mudh jk"Vªokfnrk] ns'kHkfÙkQ] Lokra=; izse vkSj ckS¼èkeZ dks iqu% izk.koar cukus esa fof'k"V ;ksxnku dk vè;;u dj jgs gSaA njvly ftu lkekftd ewY;ksa ds fy, MkWvEcsMdj us lkezkT;okn vkSj fo"kerk dh laLÑfr ds eè; la?k"kZ fd;k mldks tkWu dhuFk xkyczsFk dh ^,iQyq,aV lkslkbVh* esa bl izdkj ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gS % ^^O;fDrxr Lokra=; vkSlru vk£Fkd laiUurk] iztkrh; ,oa jk"Vªh; ,drk ij vkèkkfjr gksuk vko';d gSA** fuLlansg] MkW- vEcsMdj djksM+ksa oafprksa] ihfM+rksa] 'kksf"krksa dks lkekftd] jktuSfrd vfèkdkj] vk£Fkd mUu;u vkSj Lora=krk iznku djrs gq, Hkfo"; ds fy, 'kkafriw.kZ laoSèkkfud ekxZ Hkh lq>k x, gSa tks vkt Hkh lkekftd lerk] lkekftd U;k; dk v¯glkRed ekè;e (izrhd) cuk gqvk gSA

14 vxLr] lu~ 1931 ds fnu ef.kHkou] eqEcbZ esa egkRek xkaèkh ds fuea=k.k ij MkW- vEcsMdj vius fo'oLr lg;ksfx;ksa ds lkFk feyus igqp ¡ As vkSipkfjd ckrphr ds ckn MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk dkaxl sz h nfyr la?k"kZ dk fojksèk djrs gSa tks mudk

Hkkjr ds lafoèkku fuekZrk] iztkra=k dks ewÙkZ :i nsus esa izeq[k Hkwfedk dk fuokZg djus okys vkSj djksM+ksa nklrk Hkksxrs nfyrksa dks vLi`';rk] ghu Hkkouk ls eqfDr fnykus okys ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj tSls ;qx iq#"k ds dk;Zdykiksa o xfrfofèk;ksa esas ns'kHkfDr vkSj jk"Vªh;rk dwV&dwV dj Hkjk FkkA

eqfDr vfHk;ku gSA mUgsa ns'k nzkgs h dgk tkrk gSA esjh dksbZ ekr`Hkwfe Hkh ugha gSA xkaèkh us fnyklk nsrs gq, dgk vkidh ekr`Hkwfe gS] vki Js"B ns'kHkDr gSAa MkWvEcsMdj us dgk ml ns'k&èkeZ dk eSa D;k D;k jk"Vªoknh gksus dh ppkZ mfpr d:a ftlesa gekjs lkFk dqÙks&fcfYy;ksa tSlk gS\ O;ogkj gksrk gSA ge ihus dk ikuh rd Hkkjr ds lafoèkku fuekZrk] iztkra=k ugha ys ldrsA dksbZ Hkh vkRelEekuh vNwr dks ewÙkZ :i nsus esa izeq[k Hkwfedk dk ,sls ns'k&èkeZ ij dSls xoZ dj ldrk gS\ lkekftd U;k; lans'k

xkaèkh dk psgjk iQhdk iM+ x;kA os cspSuh eglwl djus yxsA ;qxpsrk vEcsMdj us ckrphr dh èkkjk cny nh vkSj dgk fd lHkh tkurs gSa eqlyeku vkSj fl[k vNwrksa ls lkekftd&jktuhfrd vkSj vk£Fkd n`f"V ls cgqr vkxs gSaA xksyest ifj"kn dh cSBd esa eqlyekuksa dh ek¡xs LohÑr dj yh xbZ gSaA nfyrksa dh ek¡xksa dks Hkh eku fy;k x;k gSA mudks jktuhfrd vfèkdkj vkSj izfrfufèkRo dh Hkh fliQkfj'k dh xbZ gSA gekjh jk; esa nfyrksa ds fy, ;g lc fgrdj gksxk] vkidh D;k jk; gS\ xkaèkh cksys eSa jktuhfrd vyxko ds f[kykiQ gw¡A MkW- vEcsMdj us larks"k izdV fd;k fd gesa irk rks yx x;k fd ge dgka [kM+s gSaA MkW- vEcsMdj us xkaèkh ds Hkze dks rksM+ fn;k fd dkaxzsl gh nfyr oxks± dh fgek;rh gSA MkW- vEcsMdj tc feyus igqaps Fks rc dqN fe=kksa ds lkFk xkaèkh tyiku dj jgs Fks vkSj èkhjs&èkhjs cfr;k jgs FksA xkaèkh us ,slk ukVd fd;k fd mudh rFkk muds lkfFk;ksa dh rjiQ fuxkg rd ugha MkyhA fgeky;h O;fDrÙo ds èkuh vEcsMdj xkaèkh ds fdlh tknqbZ ;k peRdkfjd O;fDrÙo ds vkxs >qds ughaA ,d lky ckn ,d vizSy 1932 dks ;jonk dkjkokl esa ^dE;quy vokMZ* ds fojksèk esa tc xkaèkh vkej.k vu'ku ij vkeknk Fks rc MkW- vEcsMdj dh ppkZ ij xkaèkh us vius futh lfpo egknso nslkbZ dks crk;k fd tc os baXyS.M xksyest ifj"kn esa Hkkx ysus x, rc mUgsa tkudkjh feyh fd MkW- vEcsMdj vLi`'; gSa xkaèkh rc rd mUgsa czkã.k le>rs FksA tcfd mUgksaus egkM+ lR;kxzg ds fo"k; esa vizSy 28] 1927 dks ^;ax bafM;k* esa fVIi.kh dh FkhA* iwjh dkaxzsl vkSj iVsy] usg:] ekSykuk vktkn rd tkurs Fks fd MkW- vEcsMdj oafpr oxZ ls gSaA fiQj vxLr 2013

tkucw>dj xkaèkh vKkurk dk izn'kZu D;ksa Hkksx jgh nfyr ekuork dks vLi`';rk ls dj jgs Fks\ vEcsMdj lkezkT;oknh eqfDr fn, fcuk Lora=krk csekuh gSA ljdkj ls yM+ jgs FksA mPp oxks± dks laoSèkkfud vkèkkj ij thou i;±r muds vR;kpkj crk jgs FksA MkW- vEcsMdj vius fuèkkZfjr y{;ksa dh 1931 dh xksyest ifj"kn dh cSBd izkfIr ds fy, la?k"kZ djrs jgs vkSj mUgsa esa xkaèkh ls MkW- vEcsMdj dh lhèkh >M+i vius mís';ksa esa iw.kZ liQyrk Hkh feyhA Hkh gqbZ FkhA xkaèkh nfyrksa dks ogha igq¡pkuk fgUnqvksa us yxHkx 1400 lky rd pkgrs Fks tgk¡ eksrhyky usg: fjiksVZ xqykeh >syhA ;g flyflyk 711 ls pyk (1928) esa mUgsa f'k{kk lacaèkh fj;k;rksa ds vkSj 1947 ij [kRe gqvkA igys vjc vykok jktuhfrd vfèkdkj ;k laj{k.k ds tkfr;k¡ vkbZ] viQxku vk,] rqdZ vk,] f[kykiQ fliQkfj'k dh xbZ FkhA varr% eqxy lkezkT; LFkkfir gqvkA ;g ysfdu fczfV'k ljdkj us xkaèkh ds èkek±rj.k] vR;kpkjksa] eqfLye&eqxy nklrk rdksZ dks voSKkfud] egRoghu gh dk ;qx jgk] fiQj xksjh peM+h okys le>kA ;wjksfi;u vk,A iwjs lk<s+ rhu lkS o"kZ rd mlh le; cSBd esa enu eksgu ekyoh; us MkW- vEcsMdj dks lacksfèkr djrs gq, dgk Fkk vki gekjs lcls fiz; lkFkh] ns'kHkDr vkSj jk"Vªoknh gSaA ;g ckr fczfV'k ljdkj ds loksZPp izfrfufèk;ksa] Hkkjrh; usrkvksa vkSj vkeaf=kr jktk egkjktkvksa ds lkeus dgh xbZ FkhA bl dFku ls lHkh lger fn[ksA xkaèkh u lektosÙkk] u u`rRofon~ jk"Vªoknh vkSj iztkra=k izseh MkWvEcsMdj us fuHkZ; fuMjrk ls dgk Fkk fd xkaèkh u rks lektosÙkk gSa] u os u`rÙofon~ gSa tks viuh 'kfDr vkSj le; tkfr O;oLFkk ds mn~xe ds 'kksèk esa yxk ldsa ftlls lkekftd nklrk vkSj vLi`';rk ds ewy dkj.kksa dk irk yxkus esa liQy gksaA MkW- vEcsMdj dksyafc;k esa i<+rs gq, tkfr O;oLFkk ij vesfjdk esa 'kksèk i=k okpu dj pqds FksA ckn esa ;g 'kksèk fo'o Lrj ij ljkgk x;kA ckcklkgsc us dgk Fkk fd vLi`';rk vkSj tkfr O;oLFkk dh lekfIr Lora=krk izkfIr ls igys gh [kRe dj nsuh pkfg, vU;Fkk tkfr xzLr lekt O;oLFkk esa Lora=krk vkSj iztkra=k dk dksbZ vFkZ ugha gksxkA izHkqRo tkfr;ksa }kjk lfn;ksa ls nklrk vxLr 2013

1926 esa cacbZ foèkku ifj"kn ds lnL; ukfer fd, x,A 1927 esa mUgksaus vLi`';rk ds fo#¼ O;kid la?k"kZ 'kq: fd;k] egkM+ rkykc ls egkj nfyr leqnk; dks ihus dk ikuh ysus dk la?k"kZ NsM+kA

1930&1932 ds eè; xksy est ifj"kn okrkZvksa ds nkSjku laoSèkkfud rkSj ij og lc dqN izkIr fd;k ftlds fy, os vesfjdk&;wjksi ls ykSVus ds ckn la?k"kZjr jgsaA os 1926 esa cacbZ foèkku ifj"kn ds lnL; ukfer fd, x,A 1927 esa mUgksaus vLi`';rk ds fo#¼ O;kid la?k"kZ 'kq: fd;k] egkM+ rkykc ls egkj nfyr leqnk; dks ihus dk ikuh ysus dk la?k"kZ NsM+kA vkaXy&ejkBk dksjs xkao ;q¼ esa 'kghn egkj lSfudksa dh Le`fr esa fot; Lekjd ds mn~?kkVu ij lekjksg esa Hkkx fy;kA N=kifr 'kkgw th egkjkt ds lkFk nfyr lekjksgksa esa fgUnw :f<+okn dV~Vjrk vkSj vLi`';rk ij izgkj fd,A

mUgksaus vius ys[kksa] oDrO;ksa] Hkk"k.kksa] iqLrdksa esa lalkj dh lkekftd O;oLFkk] laoSèkkfud fLFkfr] vk£Fkd izxfr&O;fDrxr Lokra=; vkSj lekurk ds xgu vè;;u ds vkèkkj ij djksM+ksa ewd] vfèkdkj oafpr fo'kky nfyr lekt dh leL;kvksa dks Hkkjr dh lkezkT;oknh ljdkj vkSj dkaxzsl tuksa ds lEeq[k j[kk vkSj laoSèkkfud vfèkdkjksa dh ekax dhA lafoèkku fo'ks"kK ik;yh vkSj lqHkk"k d';i ds 'kCnksa esa os vkèkqfud lafoèkku ds tud vkSj f'kYih gSaA fulansg bldk fofèkor~ Lora=k vè;;u tks mUgksaus fczfV'k lkezkT;okn eas fgUnw xqyke jgsA vesfjdk vkSj baXyS.M esa mPp f'k{kk ds xqyke ns'koklh Hkyk jk"Vªokfnrk dk vFkZ nkSjku dj fy;k FkkA gh dgka tkurs FksA gk¡] xnj ds ckn jk"Vªokfnrk] Lora=krk vkanksyu dk bfrgkl nfyr fojksèkh usg: izfrosnu dk vo'; gSA Lora=krk vkanksyu ds lkFk&lkFk fojksèk nfyr Lora=krk vkanksyu pykA 1928 esa MkW- vEcsMdj us eksrhyky xkaèkh&usg: tc dgrs Fks fd Hkkjr dh Lora=krk ds i'pkr~ nfyrksa ds vfèkdkjksa ds fy, lc dqN fd;k tk,xk] vLi`';rk ls eqfDr fnykbZ tk,xh] ekSfyd vfèkdkj fn, tk;saxs rks MkW- vEcsMdj bl ij fo'okl ugha djrs FksA blfy, mUgksaus 12

usg: izfrosnu dk ?kksj fojksèk fd;k ftlesa nfyrksa dh loZFkk mis{kk dj nh xbZ FkhA blls dV~Vj fgUnqvksa] dkaxzsl vkSj lqjktokfn;ksa dh ml le; dh ekufldrk dk irk pyrk gS tks nfyrksa ds ekuoh; vfèkdkjksa ds ?kksj fojksèkh FksA lkekftd U;k; lans'k

1928 esa izdkf'kr ;g nLrkost nfyr vfèkdkj guu dh euq dh euqLe`fr ls Hkh ?k`f.kr ekufldrk dks n'kkZus okyh loZnyh; jiV FkhA MkW- vEcsMdj ds fojksèk ds iQyLo:i ukeek=k ds fy, vius firk dh vè;{krk okyh jiV dks tokgjyky usg: us vLohÑr dj fn;kA ckn esa lqHkk"kpUnz cksl us Hkh bldk fojksèk fd;k tks dkaxzsl ds vè;{k FksA 1928 esa lkbeu deh'ku tc Hkkjr vk;k rc iwjs tksj 'kksj ls dkaxzsl us Hkkjr O;kih cfg"dkj fd;k D;ksafd blesa dkaxzsl dk dksbZ lnL; ugha FkkA MkW- vEcsMdj vkSj muds leFkZdksa us bl vk;ksx dk Hkjiwj Lokxr fd;k vkSj nfyrksa dh lgh fLFkfr ds fo"k; esa Le`fr i=k izLrqr fd;kA ;g dksbZ nwjnz"Vk jktuhfrK gh dj ldrk FkkA D;k 'kklu dj jgs vaxzstksa dks <+kbZ lkS lky esa Hkh nfyrksa dh nqnZ'kk dk lgh irk ugha pykA ;g lkezkT;oknh Ny gh Fkk fiQj Hkh vEcsMdj us mUgsa lgh nqnZ'kk 'kks"k.k dh fLFkfr crkbZA xksyest ifj"kn ;k lkxj eaFku 1928 ls 1932 ds eè; tc os nklrk esa thrs vkSj ekuo vfèkdkjksa ls oafpr nfyrksa dh vkokt dks xaHkhj ok.kh nsus ds fy, mB [kM+s gq, rks fgUnw vfrokfn;ksa ,oa Lojkt ds fy, la?k"kZjr jktuhfrKksa dk dksi Hkktu cuuk iM+k] lkFk gh vius gh mÙkj Hkkjr ds dqN nfyr Hkkb;ksa dh Hkh [kjh [kksVh lquuh iM+hA ;g fulansg nfyr Økafr dk laØkafr dky FkkA lkxj eaFku dk ,sfrgkfld ;qx Fkk] tc MkW- vEcsMdj us egkjk"Vª ds egkjksa vkSj vU; nfyrksa dks lkFk ysdj lhèks gh izrhdkRed la?k"kZ dk ekxZ viuk;kA bldh xwat iwjs Hkkjr ds nfyrksa esa lquh xbZA viuh ykSg ys[kuh vkSj la?k"kZ ls ckèkkvksa] pqukSfr;ksa dks mUgksaus èoLr fd;kA lerk] caèkqÙo] lkekftd U;k; dk ve`r ?kV [kkst fudkykA blds lkekftd U;k; lans'k

fy, lkr leqUnj ikj mUgsa fczVsu esa xksyest ifj"kn ls ml ve`r dy'k dks izkIr djuk Fkk tc mUgksaus dgk fd vaxzstksa dh Hkkjr fot; esa nfyrksa dh Hkwfedk dh vuns[kh ugha dh tk ldrh tcfd lkezkT;oknh ljdkj us fgUnqvksa ds lfn;ksa iqjkus tqYe vkSj vR;kpkjksa ls eqfDr fnykus esa dksbZ #fp ugha yhA ;g ,d jktuf;d] jk"Vªoknh] ns'kHkDr dh xtZuk FkhA fczfV'k ljdkj pfdr jg xbZA

MkW- vEcsMdj dh ;g pqukSrh lkezkT;oknh rkdrksa dks fgykus ds fy, dkiQh FkhA mUgksaus ns'k HkDr jk"Vªoknh ds ukrs dgk % tc rd gesa jktuhfrd lÙkk izkIr ugha gksrh gekjk nq[k nnZ nwj ugha gksxkA tc rd vaxzsth jkt jgsxk gesa jktuhfrd lÙkk dk va'k ek=k Hkh ugha feysxkA LojkT; ds varxZr gh gesa jktuhfrd lÙkk esa Hkkxhnkjh fey ldrh gSA

,e-,e- xksjs vkSj èkuat; dhj us bl fo"k; ij viuh Ñfr;ksa esa mYys[k fd;k njvly lkezkT;oknh 'kfDr;ksa us nfyrksa dks Åaph tkfr;ksa ds tehankjksa] gSA bl oDrO; dh >yd ,p-,e-,l-vksyanu }kjk izdkf'kr VªkaliQj vkWiQ ikoj 1928 ls 1932 ds eè; nLrkostksa esa laxzghr i=k O;ogkj esa feyrh gSA

tc os nklrk esa thrs vkSj ekuo vfèkdkjksa ls oafpr nfyrksa dh vkokt dks xaHkhj ok.kh nsus ds fy, mB [kM+s gq, rks fgUnw vfrokfn;ksa ,oa Lojkt ds fy, la?k"kZjr jktuhfrKksa dk dksi Hkktu cuuk iM+kA

'kq: ls gh vEcsMdj us xkaèkh xks[kys] yktirjk;] lkojdj] ,uh cslsUV dh nfyrksa ds izfr 'kkfCnd lgkuqHkwfr] Hkk"k.k] vfHkys[kksa dks [kkfjt dj fn;k FkkA vEcsMdj viuh ok.kh deZBrk ls 1925 ls 1947 ds chp Hkkjr ds xk¡oksa] dLcksa] uxjksa esa cls loZFkk vf'kf{kr] misf{kr yksxksa esa tu psruk] uotkxj.k dh ygj ds izsj.kk Ïksr cu x, FksA

iwuk iSDV ds ckn lsB teukyky ctkt vkSj ?ku';ke nkl fcM+yk tSls iwathifr;ksa dk lgkjk ysdj xkaèkh us gfjtu lkIrkfgd i=k }kjk vEcsMdj dks vkM+s lkearksa] èkuifr;ksa] vfèkdkjh oxZ] iwtk gkFkksa fy;kA vEcsMdj us eqagrksM+ tokc mikluk ds ik[kaM vkSj èkeZ ds Bsdsnkjksa fn;kA ds tqYe T;knfr;ksa ls dksbZ Hkh enn ugha xkaèkh ds ,d fons'kh vkykspd dk dh vkSj fLFkfr cn ls cnrj gksrh xbZA ekuuk gS fd muds ikl vktknh dh fe'kufj;ksa us uhph tkfr ds yksxksa dks yM+kbZ dks gok nsus ds vfrfjDr bZlkbZ;r viukus ds fy, vo'; izsfjr fojksèkkHkklh chfl;ksa c[ksM+s] dk;ZØe Fks fd;kA ftUgsa lgt gh dkaxzsl us Lora=krk feyrs jk"Vªoknh MkW- vEcsMdj us xksyest BaMs cLrs esa Mky fn;kA tc fd vEcsMdj ifj"kn esa ;g Hkh dgk fd lkezkT;oknh vLi`';ksa] ekuokfèkdkj ls oafprksa ds 'kklu lkekftd lqèkkjksa dh vgfe;r gh elhgk ds :i esa izfrf"Br gks x,A xkaoksa ugha le>rkA mls dV~VjiaFkh fgUnqvksa ls dLcksa uxjksa esa ew£r Lekjd [kM+s gks x, Hk; jgrk gSA gSaA 1991 esa vEcsMdj tUe 'krkCnh ds 13

vxLr 2013

i'pkr~ fo'o Hkj esa muds lkekftd n'kZu ds vè;srk vuq;k;h iSnk gks x, gSaA muds dk;Z dykiksa ij ns'k ds f'k{kk dsUnzksa esa 'kksèki=k vkSj MkWDVjsV ikus ds fy, gksM+ eph gqbZ gSA dgk¡ ejkBk fo'ofo|ky; dks MkW-vEcsMdj ;wfuo£lVh cukus ds fy, okd~ ;q¼] la?k"kZ] ryokjsa] Hkkys] pkdw pyus yxs Fks] vc gkyr ;g gS fd MkW vEcsMdj fo'ofo|ky;ksa dh ns'k Hkj esa ck<+ vk xbZ gSA lafoèkku dh lajpuk vEcsMdj pkgrs Fks Hkkjr ls fonk gksus ds iwoZ ;kuh Lora=krk dh ?kks"k.kk ls igys vaxzst nfyr tkfr;ksa dks laoSèkkfud vfèkdkj iznku djrs tk,aA ;gh gqvkµftldk lk{kh iwuk iSDV gSA ckn esa ,slk ,sfrgkfld Lo£.ke {k.k vk;k tc MkW- vEcsMdj dks gh dkaxzsl ds 'kh"kZ usr`Ro xkaèkh] iVsy] usg:] us ^lafoèkku* cukus dk dk;Z lkSai fn;kA ;|fi nfyrksa dks vLi`';rk ls eqfDr feyh] lekurk ekSfyd vfèkdkj Hkh feys] jktuhfrd laj{k.k Hkh izkIr gqvkA ukSdfj;ksa esa izkFkfedrk dk ekewyh volj Hkh feyk ysfdu lfn;ksa iqjkuh vk£Fkd ttZjkoLFkk ls NqVdkjk ugha fey ik;kA ;g rHkh laHko Fkk tc Ñf"k ;ksX; Hkwfe mUgsa feyrh] uxjksa esa eqÝr jgus dks IykWV vkSj O;olkf;d LFky feyrsA gj nfyr ifjokj dks ,d ljdkjh ukSdjh feyrhA cgqr lh vkSipkfjdrkvksa ds pyrs vk£Fkd lgwfy;rssa ikus esa Hkh mUgsa dfBukbZ;k¡ vfèkd feyhA

rhu nfyr tkfr;k¡ gh ykHkkfUor gks ftlls mifuos'kh 'kklu us vuqHko ds ikbZA vkèkkj ij lHkh Hkkjrh;ksa dks oafpr dj j[kk Fkk] tcfd lkekftd Økafr eqfDr bfrgkldkj jkepUnz xqgk vkSj lekurk ij è;ku fn;k ftldks ijaijk bfrgkldkj jkepUnz xqgk ^bafM;k vkSj èkeZ'kkL=k us fL=k;ksa vkSj fuEu tkfr;ksa vkÝVj xkaèkh* esa ;|fi MkW- vEcsMdj dks ls Nhu fy;k FkkA dbZ txg m¼`r] Lej.k fd;k gS ysfdu D;k ;s nksuksa Økafr;k¡ Lons'kh rjhdksa fiQj Hkh os vEcsMdj tSlh gLrh ds lkFk ls ?kfVr gqb±\ dqN yksxksa us lafoèkku ds U;k; ugha dj ik, gSaA vius vè;;u dk fo"k; esa rdZ fn;k ftlds varxZr xzke uke mUgsa ^bafM;k vkÝVj xkaèkh ,.M lHkkvksa ds :i esa iapk;rh jkt O;oLFkk vEcsMdj* j[kuk pkfg, FkkA ^vkbfM;kt xkao esa jktuhfr vkSj 'kklu dh xzke ewy vkWiQ bafM;k* vè;k; 6 esa i`"B 103 ij bdkbZ gksrh gSA mUgksaus vEcsMdj dh ;g mfDr m¼`r dh izkphu xzke lekt dk Hkhejko ;|fi nfyrksa dks vEcsMdj us Hkkjh fojksèk fd;k gS vkSj dgk gS fd ;s rFkkdfFkr xzkeh.k x.kra=k vLi`';rk ls eqfDr Hkkjr ds fouk'k ds dkj.k gSaA vEcsMdj feyh] lekurk ekSfyd pfdr Fks fd tks izns'kokn vkSj laiznk;okn fojksèk djrs gSa os xkao ds i{kèkj cu vfèkdkj Hkh feys] dk x,A xk¡o D;k gSµ^^LFkkuh;rk dk nyny jktuhfrd laj{k.k Hkh gS] ew[kZrk] ladh.kZ eukso`fÙk vkSj izkIr gqvkA ukSdfj;ksa esa lkaiznkf;drk dh [kksg gSA¸ vHkh rd xkao dgk¡ lqèkjs gSa\ MkW- vEcsMdj ds ;g izkFkfedrk dk ekewyh Hkhe okD; vHkh Hkh lgh gSA xkaoksa us volj Hkh feyk ysfdu gtkjksa lky rd gh {kqnz tkrh;rk] lfn;ksa iqjkuh vk£Fkd vLi`';rk] Ñf"k nklrk dks fofHkUu :iksa] ukeksa ls thfor j[kkA vkt Hkh xk¡o ttZjkoLFkk ls NqVdkjk vLi`';rk ds dsUnz cus gq, gSaA

ugha fey ik;kA

vesfjdk esa xqykeh mUewyu lu~ 1865 esa gqvkA vÚhdu uhxzks nkl vktkn rks gq, ysfdu eq[;èkkjk esa tqM+us esa yxHkx lkS lky yxsA ;wjksfi;u Hkk"kk] laLÑfr] VSDuksykWth viukus ls mudh izxfr laHko gqbZA

gS % ¶laoSèkkfud uSfrdrk izkÑfrd Hkkouk ugha gSA bldks iSnk fd;k tkrk gSA gesa le>uk pkfg, fd gekjs yksxksa dks vHkh bls lh[kuk gSA¸ Hkkjr esa iztkra=k Hkkjr Hkwfe ij ek=k ,d Åijh VhiVkWi gS] tks :l esa Ñf"k nklksa dh eqfDr lu~ viuh ok.kh vkSj deZ ls mUgksaus ewyr% viztkrkaf=kd gSA 1868 esa laHko gqbZ ysfdu vlyh eqfDr chloha lnh ds f}rh; n'kd ls vktUe fulansg vEcsMdj dk ;g dFku oksY'ksfod Økafr 1917 ds ckn gqbZ tc vf'kf{kr] misf{kr] nkl vkSj caèkqvk Hkkjrh; iztkra=k dk lgh pfj=k n'kkZrk gSA izksysVsfj;V oxZ lÙkk esa vk;kA iwohZ ;wjksi Vgyq, lekt] vaèksjs esa HkVdrh vfèkdkj blh vè;k; esa xqgk us fy[kk gS (i`- dh ;g Økafr fo'o dh nfyr&'kksf"kr oafpr ekuork esa Kku jf'e;k¡] izsj.kk] uo 107) vesfjdh vè;srk xzkufoy vkWfLVu turk ds fy, ,d vkn'kZ cu xbZA ysfdu vk'kk dk lapkj fd;k og lc u, Hkkjr ds vuqlkj jk"Vªh; vkanksyu us iztkra=k vEcsMdj v¯gld] 'kkafriw.kZ] lkekftd] dk bfrgkl cu x;kA fiQj Hkh dsoy nks vkSj Lora=krk ij è;ku dsfUnzr fd;k jktuhfrd Økafr ds i{kèkj FksA vxLr 2013

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

15 vxLr lu~ 1947 ls lk<+s rhu eghus iwoZ gh Hkkjr dh lafoèkku lHkk us izLrko ikfjr djds vLi`';rk dk var dj fn;k FkkA mldk fdlh Hkh :i esa vkpj.k iw.kZr% fuf"k¼ dj fn;k x;k blh ds fy, MkW- vEcsMdj nks n'kd ls la?k"kZjr FksA ;gh ?kks"k.kk lafoèkku ds 17osa vuqPNsn esa 'kkfey dj yh xbZA blh ds lkFk&lkFk ttekuh izFkk] caèkqvk etnwjh izFkk vkSj cgqr ls ijaijkxr izfrcaèk&caèku VwVrs x,A dksyafc;k fo'ofo|ky; dh ,e-,- (vFkZ'kkL=k) dh mikfèk gsrq vEcsMdj us y?kq&'kksèk izcaèk ^bZLV bafM;k daiuh ds iz'kklu vkSj foÙk izcaèk* fy[kk FkkA mUgksaus fy[kk fd daiuh O;kikfjd laLFkku ds :i esa Hkkjr esa ?kqlh Fkh tks lkezkT;okn LFkkfir djus esa liQy gks xbZA mldh lSU;cy ds vkèkkj ij jktuhfrd vkSj O;kikfjd xfrfofèk;k¡ tkjh jghaA laiw.kZ Ñ"kd tula[;k dh lqj{kk ,oa yxku olwyh gsrq] 1793 esa tehankj oxZ dks pkgs os [ksfrgj gksa ;k ftyk vfèkdkjh] oa'kkuqxr gksa ;k fo'ks"k fu;qfDr }kjk Hkwlaifr dk mlh izdkj Lokeh cuk;k x;k ftl rjg baXyS.M esa lkèkkj.k 'kqYd nsdj Hkw ekfyd gksrs FksA bl izdkj tehankjh ;k Hkwfe O;oLFkk LFkk;h cankscLr ds uke ls tkuh xbZA os vaxzst mifuos'kokn vkSj Hkkjrh; fdlku iztk ds chp dh dM+h cu x,A ;g xzke leqnk; O;oLFkk izeq[kr% mÙkj Hkkjr esa vktknh ds iwoZ rd fo|eku jghA xzke iz'kklu ds fy, eqf[k;k cuk, x,A vEcsMdj us bl vè;;u esa 1792&93 ls 1857&58 rd ds ldy jktLo (vk;) vkSj ldy O;; ds vkadM+s tek fd, FksA

le; ds lkFk&lkFk lqèkkj vkSj izxfr dh vis{kk gSA tks izHkkoh vkSj etcwr gSA mUgksaus vPNs fu;e dkuwu vkSj U;k;ky; LFkkfir fd, ftudh ifo=krk vkt èkjrh ds fdlh Hkh dksus esa iw.kZ gSA ;s ,sls ifj.kke gSa ftudk Hkkjr esa fczfV'k dk;ks± vEcsMdj us vaxzsth lkezkT;okn ds dk dksbZ Hkh bZekunkj vkykspd iz'kalk ;ksxnku dks Hkh ljkgk gSA Lora=krk] fd, fcuk ugha jg ldrkA** njvly xk;dokM+ LdkWyj ds :i iztkra=k] jk"Vªokn dh ygj Hkh blh lkezkT;oknh 'kklu ds nkSj esa mfnr gqbZA esa vEcsMdj us ;g 'kksèk&izcaèk 1913&14 ;qok vEcsMdj us vius 'kksèk fucaèk esa ds njE;ku fy[kk FkkA rc ls 1947 ds Lohdkj fd;k fd ¶vaxzstksa ds ;ksxnku dks nkSjku Hkkjr esa vusd lkekftd] jktuSfrd ifjorZu vk,A jk"Vªh;rk ds MkW- vEcsMdj us ,d lkFk&lkFk laoSèkkfud lqèkkjksa dk tksj jgkA mlh osx ls lkaiznkf;drk vkSj Hkkjr vU; 'kksèk izcaèk ¶fczfV'k foHkktu dk nkSj pykA ftldk ,d Hkkjr esa izkarh; foÙk foLr`r bfrgkl gSA dbZ lkezkT;ksa dk mn;&vLr gqvkA jktk] jtokM+s] lkear] tehankj fdlh u fdlh :i esa cus jgs tks iztktuksa ds vfèkdka'kr% 'kks"kd gh jgs gSaA bu 'kks"kdksa esa vc Hkh os gh yksx gSa] in uke] pfj=k] pksyk cny fy;k gSA lÙkk ij ;gh gkoh gSaA

O;oLFkk dk fodkl¸ esa fczfV'k ;qxhu Hkkjr dh foÙk O;oLFkk ds bfrgkl] ijaijk vkSj fodkl dk vè;;u izLrqr fd;kA lfn;ksa rd fgUnw lkezkT;] cká vkØkark tkfr;ksa ds 'kkld] vjc lYrursa] var esa eqxy ckn'kkg Hkkjr Hkwfe ij jkT; djrs jgsA

foLe`r ugha fd;k tk ldrkA vaxzst Hkkjr esa vius foxr dk;ks± dks ns[k ldrs gSaA mUgksaus Hkkjr ds yksxksa dks ekuork dk egku~ ojnku 'kkafr iznku dh gSA mUgksaus izkphu lH;rk okys jk"Vª dks vkèkqfud 1857 ds xnj ds ckn daiuh ds gkFk laLFkkuksa rFkk thou p;kZ ds lkFk ykdj ls Hkkjr dh lÙkk lhèks fczfV'k eqdqV ds if'peh lH;rk&laLÑfr] f'k{kk izkjaHk dhA gkFkksa esa vk xbZA bfrgkl lk{kh gS Hkkjr esa mUgksaus ,slh iz'kklu O;oLFkk cukbZ ftlesa lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vEcsMdj us ,d vU; 'kksèk izcaèk ^fczfV'k Hkkjr esa izkarh; foÙk O;oLFkk dk fodkl* esa fczfV'k ;qxhu Hkkjr dh foÙk O;oLFkk ds bfrgkl] ijaijk vkSj fodkl dk vè;;u izLrqr fd;kA lfn;ksa rd fgUnw lkezkT;] cká vkØkark tkfr;ksa ds 'kkld] vjc lYrursa] var esa eqxy ckn'kkg Hkkjr Hkwfe ij jkT; djrs jgsA muds 'kklu] mudh lSU; f'k{kk ds iz;kl] foÙk O;oLFkk] fuekZ.k dk;Z fdrus tu fojksèkh Fks] fdrus tufgr esa Fks bldk lgt gh vanktk yxk;k tk ldrk gSA bfrgkl esa o£.kr lHkh ckrsa lp ugha gksrh tc rd fd lk{; vkSj rF;iw.kZ vk¡dM+s u gksaA ,d izdkj ls os taxyjkt vfèkd FksA bfrgkldkj lp ugha dYiuk ij vkfJr jgsA MkW- vEcsMdj us fy[kk gS Hkkjr esa fczfV'k lkezkT;okn dh LFkkiuk dk izkjaHk 1833 ls ekuuk pkfg,A fczfV'k eqdqV daiuh ds gkFk ls 'kklu lw=k laHkkyus ds fy, vanj gh vanj iz;Ru'khy FkkA 1857 ds lSfud fonzksg ds ckn gkyr fcxM+ xbZA mUgksaus tkWu LVªsph dh iqLrd vxLr 2013

^vkCtosZ'ku vkWiQ le Dos'pal vkWiQ os gj oxZ ds vkSj tkfr ds yksxksa ls bafM;u iQk;usal* ls fuEu m¼j.k nsrs gq, eqykdkr dh rc dgha tk dj fLeFk us fy[kk& Hkkjr esa jk"Vªh;rk vkSj lqèkkjksa dh Ük`a[kyk ^^lSfud fonzksg ds i'pkr~ lgÏksa dk lcls izkekf.kd vè;;u izLrqr fd;kA dh la[;k esa dsoy vaxzst lSfud gh bl vè;;u esa 16oha lnh ls ysdj 1935 ugha oju lHkh rcdksa ds fczVsu fuoklh rd Hkkjr esa tks jk"Vªh;rk vkSj lqèkkjksa dh Hkkjr vk èkedsA ns'k esa jsy] rkj] ygj iSQyh mldk foLrkj ls ;FkkrF; lM+dsa vkSj iqyksa dk tky fcNkuk FkkA foospu izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA lSU;cy ij yksxksa dks Hkq[kejh ls cpkus ds fy, fczfV'k 'kklu lw=k pyrk FkkA yM+kdw ugjksa dk fuekZ.k djuk FkkA ;wjksih; dkSeksa dks fczfV'k lsuk esa izèkkurk feyh lSfudksa ds fy, cSjdksa dk fuekZ.k vkSj gqbZ FkhA lkezkT;oknh Hkkjr esa ?kfVr gj lqfoèkk,a tqVkuh FkhaA Nkofu;k¡ cukuh vk£Fkd] lkekftd] èkk£ed 'kSf{kd] jktuhfrd] lSU;cy vkSj lqèkkjksa dh nh?kZ FkhaA** Ük`a[kyk dk blesa o.kZu gSA eqfLye ;g dsoy lkezkT;oknh ljksdkjksa ds lkaiznkf;drk vkSj jk"Vªokfnrk dk Hkh iwjk ckjs esa gh lR; ugha FkkA lqfoèkk vkSj fp=k.k gS ftldk var ckn esa Hkkjr csgrjh dh ek¡x dk ncko dsUnz ljdkj ds foHkktu esa gqvkA ^xksyest okrkZ vè;k; rgr vkus okys izR;sd dLcs vkSj ftyksa esa Mk- vEcsMdj dk nfyr usrk ds :i esa Hkh c<+ jgk FkkA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj esa tks ;ksxnku gS mldh ppkZ vkrh gSA fodkl dh laLÑfr vkSj u, thou ewY;ksa xkaèkh vEcsMdj dks nfyr oxZ dk usrk gh dk Hkkjh nkSj py iM+k FkkA vaxzstksa ds ugha ekurs FksA tcfd fLFkfr mYVh Fkh vkus ls iwoZ fodkl ds dk;Z uke ek=k ds (i`-& 406)A FksA ;g Ñfr Hkkjr esa vaxzsth&lkezkT;okn vaxzst fo}ku~ fofy;e jks; fLeFk us ds fo'kky oVo`{k dh Nk;k rys iuis chloha lnh ds 'kq: ds laoSèkkfud fodkl jk"Vªh; vkanksyu] jk"Vªh;rk] eqfLye ds ifjizs{; esa ^Hkkjr esa jk"Vªh;rk vkSj laiznk;okn] eqfLye leqnk; esa jk"Vªh;rk lqèkkj* (us'kufyTe ,.M fjiQkWeZ bu dh ygj] Hkkjr ds fofHkUu oxks± esa bafM;k) uked xzaFk dh lajpuk dhA fLeFk lkekftd psruk] Økafrdkfj;ksa ds ns'kHkfDr 18 o"kZ rd 'kksèk&vè;;u] ns'k&fons'k vkSj cfynku ds dk;ks± dk Hkh bfrgkl dh ;k=kkvksa rFkk yksxksa dh n'kk ,oa Hkkjr gSA dh leL;kvksa dk Kku izkIr djrs jgasA mUgksaus ys[ku dk;Z lu~ 1919 esa 'kq: lafoèkku esa dksbZ cnyko ugha % ncko fd;k vkSj ;g xzaFk 1938 esa izdk'ku ds Bqdjk, fy, rS;kj gqvkA os tkfy;kaokyk ckx ds n`<+ pfj=k ds èkuh vkSj jk"Vªoknh MkWujlagkj dks ns[kus x,A yanu esa fczfV'k vEcsMdj tc Hkkjr dk lafoèkku cuk jgs laln esa tujy MkW;j ij tks ujlagkj dk Fks rc vesfjdk ds lqizhe dksVZ ds ,d vfHk;ksx yxk ml okn&fookn dks lqukA izeq[k tt isQfyDl ÚSad iqQjVj us MkW1929&30 esa vÚhdu fczfV'k mifuos'kksa esa Hkh os x, tgk¡ Hkkjh rknkn esa Hkkjrh; cls FksA 1934 esa os fiQth x,] vkWLVªsfy;k] U;wthyS.M igqapsA mUgksaus bu fczfV'k }hiksa esa cgqla[;d Hkkjr okfl;ksa vxLr 2013

jktsUnz izlkn ds ikl ,d lans'k izsf"kr fd;k fd lafoèkku esa ewyHkwr vfèkdkjksa dks lhfer fd;k tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd vesfjdk esa uhxzkst dks tks O;kid ekSfyd vfèkdkj iznÙk fd, x, gSa os lc 16

lkekftd dkuwu ds varxZr lkekftd dY;k.k ds dk;Z esa ckèkd curs gSaA MkWjktsUnz izlkn ds ekè;e ls feyh bl csrqdh jax Hksnh lykg dks MkW- vEcsMdj us Bqdjk fn;kA vesfjdk esa lkekftd lerk] lkekftd U;k; ds fo"k; esa MkWvEcsMdj ls vfèkd dkSu tkurk FkkA fczVsu dh lalnh; ijaijk ds os 'kh"kZ vè;srk FksA dgk tkrk gS blh lanHkZ esa ds-,eeqa'kh ds tfj, MkW- vEcsMdj dks ljnkj iVsy dk ,d lq>ko izkIr gqvk fd ukSdfj;ksa esa vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa vkSj vuqlwfpr tu tkfr;ksa ds laj{k.k ds izkoèkku dks lkoèkkuh ls ns[kk tk; D;ksafd blls eqlyeku] fl[k] bZlkbZ] ckS¼] tSu vYila[;d tkfr;k¡ Hkh vkj{k.k dh ekax dj ldrh gSaA vEcsMdj us tckc esa dgk fd iVsy [kqn lafoèkku cuk ysa vkSj tks ethZ djsaA esjk R;kxi=k rS;kj gSA bl ij iVsy pqi gks x,A ncko dh ;g lc xqIr ckrsa FkhaA xoksZfDr] exj lp ns'kHkfDr] jk"Vªokn vkSj Hkkjr ds iqu£uekZ.k esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk dk fuokZg djus okys MkW- vEcsMdj dh ;g LohdkjksfDr cM+h gh lkFkZd gS % ¶fgUnqvksa dks osn pkfg, Fks rks osnO;kl dk izknqHkkZo gqvk tks mPp oxZ ds ugha FksA fgUnqvksa dks egkdkO; (jkek;.k) dh vko';drk Fkh rks ckYehfd vkxs vk, tks vLi`'; FksA tc fgUnqvksa dks lafoèkku dh t:jr iM+h rks eq>s ;kn fd;k x;kA¸ Li"Voknh MkW- vEcsMdj us 1930 esa yanu dh xksyest okrkZ esa Li"V dj fn;k Fkk fd tc vaxzstksa us Hkkjr fot; dh dkeuk dh rks fczfV'k vkehZ esa LFkkuh; egkj tkfr ds lSfudksa dh HkrhZ dj usfVo vkehZ cukbZ xbZ ftlus Hkkjr lkekftd U;k; lans'k

dks fot; djds vaxzst tkfr ds gokys dj fn;kA ysfdu 1892 esa egkjksa dh iQkSt esa HkrhZ djus ij blfy, jksd yxk nh xbZ fd Åaph tkfr ds yksx vaxzsth iQkSt esa HkrhZ ds fy, Hkkjh la[;k esa meM+ iM+s D;ksafd egkjksa us rks Hkkjr dks igys gh thrdj vaxzstksa ds lqiqnZ dj fn;k FkkA ikfdLrku ds mn; esa jk"Vªoknh vEcsMdj dh èkkj.kk ,sfrgkfld dkj.kksa ls chloha lnh ds izkjaHk ds 47 o"kZ eqfLye jk"Vª ds mn; vFkkZr~ ikfdLrku ds fuekZ.k ds eqfLye iz;klksa dh ,d mÙkstd dFkk gSA vfèkdka'k dkaxzsl ds usrkx.k f}rh; fo'o ;q¼ esa Hkkjr dks >ksadus ds fojksèk esa lu~ 1939 esa gh foèkku eaMyksa dh lnL;rk vkSj eaf=kin ls R;kxi=k nsdj tsyksa esa can FksA 1940 esa MkW- vEcsMdj us ikfdLrku ;k Hkkjr foHkktu 'kh"kZd ls ,d c`gn~ xzaFk fy[kk ftlesa mudh fo} rk] Hkfo"; dh ,sfrgkfld ?kVuk dh Hkfo";ok.kh fufgr gS tks ,d egRoiw.kZ jktuhfrd vè;;u gSA eqfLye yhx ,d vlsZ ls eqfLye cgqy bykdksa esa Lora=k ikfdLrku dh o"kks± ls ekax djrh vk jgh FkhA blds ewy esa ftUuk dh mis{kk dk Hkh cM+k gkFk FkkA vaxzst [kqn ns'k ds nks VqdM+s djus ds i{k esa Fks ftlls fgUnw Hkkjr detksj gks tk,A dkaxzsl cjkcj eqfLye yhx dh vuns[kh dj jgh FkhA mèkj] yanu dh lHkkvksa esa txg&txg 1930 ls gh foULVu p£py Hkkjr ds vktkn gksus ij egkfouk'k gksus dh viQokgsa iSQyk jgs FksA mudk dguk Fkk czkã.kksa ds gkFkksa esa ns'k lkSaidj (tks muds fopkj esa dkaxzsl ij vkfèkiR; tek, cSBs gSa) Hkkjr ls fonk ysuk ,d Øwj vkSj u`'kal vKkurk gksxhA lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vius oa'kt M~;wd vkWiQ ekyZcjks dh cjkcj f'kdkj cus gq, gSaA nksuksa lektksa vè;{krk esa ^Hkkjr ds izfr gekjk esa lkekftd cqjkb;ka ekStwn gSA dÙkZO;* Hkk"k.k esa p£py dk ;g mUgksaus fo}ku~ jsuu dk m¼j.k fn;k mÙkstd dFku FkkA fd ^^bLyke vkè;kfRed ,oa ykSfddrk f}jk"Vªokn ds fl¼kar ds iQyLo:i dh n`f"V ls ,d can lekt gSA ;gk¡ ,d njvly ikfdLrku ,d ,sfrgkfld èkeZ] vkLFkk dk jkT; gSA ;g èkeZ ds :i vko';drk cuk tks nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k esa fo'ks"krk,a j[krk gSA eqlyekuksa dk dh ,d egku~ jktuhfrd ?kVuk ekuk dkaxzsl esa dksbZ fo'okl ugha FkkA nqHkkZX; x;kA ;|fi Hkkjr foHkktu ds nkSj esa ls dkaxzsl eaf=k;ksa us vius 'kklu ds fgUnw&eqfLye tula[;k dh vnyk&cnyh nkSjku eqfLye lekt ij vR;kpkj fd,esa tks Hk;adj jDrikr gqvk] fujijkèk --nqHkkZX; ls ftUuk us bl vR;kpkjksa dh eklweksa] cPpksa] fL=k;ksa] iq#"kksa dh tkusa xb± tkap ds fy, 'kkgh vk;ksx (jkW;y og bfrgkl dk dkyk vè;k; gSA blds deh'ku) dh dksbZ ekax ugha dhA ckjs esa fdlh us dHkh lkspk Hkh ugha FkkA eqlyekuksa esa ;g èkkj.kk O;kIr gks xbZ fd dkaxzsl vkSj yhxh usrk fnokLoIuksa esa lqjkt fgUnw jkt gksxk** (i`- 355)A Mwcs jgsA vEcsMdj tSls nwjnz"Vk ds dFku MkW- vEcsMdj us vius dFku ds i{k ij dksbZ è;ku ugha fn;kA vEcsMdj us esa vusd rkfydk,a] vk¡dM+s] uD'ks bdêòs fy[kk gS xkaèkh 1920&21 ls gh fd,A mUgksaus dkaxzsl usrkvksa] eqfLye yhx fgUnw&eqfLye ,drk ds fy, iz;Ru'khy vkSj fczfV'k ljdkj ds le{k mu rF;ksa FksA 1924 esa xkaèkh us 21 fnu dk miokl dks j[k fn;k ftuds vkèkkj ij jk"Vªh;rk] fd;kA Hkk"kk] laLÑfr vkfn ds vkèkkj ij Lora=k txg&txg rc mxz minzoh yksx naxs djrs FksA dydÙkk esa 1926 ds nkSjku 40 naxs gq,A ckn esa o"kks± rd naxksa dk flyflyk yxkrkj pyrk gh jgkA

1940 esa fnYyh esa vktkn eqfLye lEesyu gqvk tks eqfLye yhx vkSj jk"Vªoknh eqlyekuksa ls vyx FkkA blus ,d izLrko esa ikfdLrku dh ;kstuk ds fo#¼ dgk fd Hkkjroklh viuk lafoèkku cukus esa l{ke gSaA eqfLye fgrksa dk blesa iw.kZ laj{k.k fd;k tk,xkA

eqfLye cgqy {ks=kksa esa ikfdLrku dk cuuk vo'; laHkkoh Fkk ftlds fy, ftUuk ds usr`Ro esa eqfLye yhx dkiQh vjls ls la?k"kZjr FkhA MkW- vEcsMdj dh fo}rk vkSj fu"i{krk dh VkbEl vkWiQ bafM;k] bafM;u us'ku] ckWEcs Økafudy vkfn i=kksa us [kqydj rkjhiQ dhA csojys fudksyl us dgk ikfdLrku ds vè;srk ds fy, ;g lanHkZ xzaFk gSA izks- ds-Vh- 'kkg us ^Hkkjr T;ksfr* esa fy[kk fd ;g vEcsMdj tSls fo}ku~ vkneh dh gh ekSfyd lw>cw> vkSj vè;;u dk ifj.kke gSA

vEcsMdj us ,d ns'kHkDr vkSj jk"Vªoknh vè;srk ds :i esa fu"i{k fopkj Hkkjr foHkktu ds 66&67 o"kZ ckn j[krs gq, dgk fd ¶;g nks leqnk;ksa dh Hkh ikfdLrku vkSj fgUnqLrku ,d nwljs leL;k gS tks vius vfèkdkj vkSj ykHkksa ds tkuh nq'eu gSaA ikfdLrku cuus ls ds fy, lpsr gSaA¸ vkB o"kZ igys jktuhfr ds 'kh"kZ vè;srk vEcsMdj us crk;k fd eqfLye vkSj jktu; MkW- vEcsMdj us blds vkSj fgUnw lekt lkekftd oapukvksa ds fuekZ.k dks Hkfo"; dh ,d vko';d 17

vxLr 2013

?kVuk izekf.kr dj fn;k FkkA ysfdu fgUnw&eqfLye i{kksa us dksbZ è;ku ugha fn;kA blls fl¼ gksrk gS usrkvksa dks jk"Vª vkSj jk"Vªh;rk dh iwjh le> gh ugha FkhA os 1946 ls gh lÙkk gfFk;kus ds u'ks esa pwj FksA mUgksaus dgk ;g ,d mxz osxorh lkekftd Hkkouk gSA ,d leqnk; tc vuqHko dj ysrk gS fd og ijLij ,dkRe vkSj ,sD; Hkkouk dss leku gS rks jk"Vªh;rk ds Hkko izLiqQfVr gksrs gSaA bl izdkj jk"Vªh;rk ds fopkj esa viuksa ls ,dRo vkSj nwljksa ls vyxko dh fLFkfr dh vuqHkwfr gksrh gSA ,d jk"Vª nwljs jk"Vª ls vkt Hkh la?k"kZjr gSaA bUgha ekunaMksa ds vkèkkj ij eqfLye leqnk; ,d vyx jk"Vª gSA os fgUnqvksa ls vyx vfLrRo j[krs gSaA MkW- vEcsMdj dk ekuuk Fkk VwVu] fo[kaMu] tkfr] mitkfr] xks=k oa'k dqyksa esa foHkkftr fgUnw lekt HkXu jk"Vª rks gks ldrk gS ,dkRe jk"Vª ugha gSA vHkh gky esa tloar flag us Hkkjr foHkktu vkSj ftUuk ij ,d o`gn~ xzaFk fy[kk gSA bl Hkkjh Hkjde 'kksèkiw.kZ Ñfr dks ^:ik* us izdkf'kr fd;k gSA blesa ikfdLrku ds fuekZ.k esa ftUuk dh loksZifj Hkwfedk ds lkFk&lkFk xkaèkh vkSj vktknh ds fy, la?k"kZjr usrkvksa dk Hkh ftØ fd;k gSA

ok;ljk; dh dkSafly dh lnL;rk Mk- vEcsMdj iw.kZ:is.k le> x, Fks fd laoSèkkfud lqèkkjksa ds ekè;e ls gh Hkkjr Lora=krk dh vksj c<+ jgk gSA 1935 dk Hkkjr vfèkfu;e bldh izeq[k dM+h FkkA blds varxZr os djksM+ksa vNwrksa ds fy, vfèkdkj ikus esa liQy gq, FksA 1939 esa tc f}rh; fo'o ;q¼ dh Nk;k lkezkT;oknh Hkkjr ij iM+h rks dkaxzsl vlg;ksx dh fLFkfr esa vk xbZA dkaxzsl ds vkanksyuksa ds MkW-vEcsMdj iz[kj vkykspd cus jgsA mudk fojksèk oSpkfjd vkSj lS¼kfUrd FkkA

lkojdj] dsydj] vEcsMdj us dgk mUgksaus Li"Vr;k dgk fd Hkkjrokfl;ksa Hkfo"; esa tks Hkh fu.kZ; gks og lcdh dh lgh ek;us esa dksbZ jk"Vªh;rk Fkh gh jk; ls gksuk pkfg,A ughaA os lfn;ksa ls [kqn xqyke FksA ;s vkWDliQksMZ ds izksisQlj dwiyS.M us vLi`'; xqykeksa ds xqyke jgs gSaA iwjk ^Hkkjr esa laoSèkkfud lqèkkj* (1944) Hkkjr tkfr;ksa esa fo[kafMr gSA VqdM+s& iqLrd esa vEcsMdj ds ;ksxnku dh ;Fkk VqdM+s c¡Vk gSA blfy, lfn;ksa rd jk"Vªh;rk LFkku ppkZ dh gSA dk vHkko jgkA fczfV'k eqdqV us lu~ 1942 esa mUgsa njvly jk"Vªh;rk fo|eku ugha gksrh] ok;ljk; dh dk;Zdkfj.kh esa lfEefyr mldk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA oSfnd ;qx djus dh yanu esa jktkKk dh ?kks"k.kk dh ds izkjaHk esa pkj tkfr;k¡ Fkha tks orZeku~ esa rks lHkh nax jg x,A vEcsMdj dks 2000 ls de ugha gksaxhA ;s tkfr;k¡ lfn;ksa nfyrfgr laoèkZu dk vPNk volj izkIr ds dky izokg esa vla[; mitkfr;ksa esa gks x;k FkkA foHkDr gks xbZ gSA muds uke dh fliQkfj'k cacbZ izslhMsalh xzke O;oLFkk Åapuhp ds HksnHkko ds ds xouZj yqeys us dh FkhA ,slk loksPZ p lkFk&lkFk vLi`';&Li`'; ds chp in ikus okys os igys vNwr usrk FksA vyxko ds Hkko iSnk djrh gSA jksVh&csVh dh ckr rks dkslksa nwj gSA vLi`';ksa dh vyx cfLr;k¡

bl iqLrd (i`-&120) esa MkWvEcsMdj dh ^ikfdLrku* ij fy[kh iqLrd dk ftØ fd;k gSA ;g Hkh n'kkZ;k fnlEcj 1942 esa dukMk ds D;wcd s x;k gS fd mxzoknh rRoksa us fgUnqvksa dks txg&txg ekSr ds ?kkV mrkjk vkSj izkra esa ekm.V Vªes Cyk.V uked LFkku ij gksus okys ,d lEesyu ds fy, MkWlkaiznkf;d minzo fd,A vEcsMdj us viuk 'kksèki=k Hkstk FkkA rc tloar dh iqLrd esa mu lHkh izeq[k os ok;ljk; dh dk;Zdkfj.kh ds lnL; Fks nLrkostksa jiVksa] iqLrdksa dk vkf[kjh i`"Bksa vkSj lalkj f}rh; fo'o ;q¼ dh ekj >sy esa ^fccfy;ksesfVd* mYys[k gS ftuesa jgk FkkA Hkkjr esa Hkh vxLr ekg ls lqjkft;ksa ftUuk vkSj ikfdLrku ds mn; dh }kjk ^Hkkjr NksMk+ *s vkanksyu ds dkj.k mu fo'ys"k.kkRed ppkZ gSA ij dk;kZfèkD; dk cks> FkkA lektfon~ vkSj vxLr 2013

u`rÙo osÙkk ds :i esa mijksDr 'kksèki=k esa mUgksua s Hkkjr ds vLi`';ksa ds fy, vyx fjgk;'kh cfLr;k¡ clkus dk leFkZu fd;k FkkA mUgksua s fy[kk fd izkphu xzke O;oLFkk esa vLi`'; nkl ls cnrj thou fcrkrs gSAa tgka mUgsa ljyrk ls fpfÉr dj fy;k tkrk gSA vLi`'; lekt ftl lkekftd izrkM+uk] vk£Fkd 'kks"k.k] caèkqvk nkl izFkk dk f'kdkj gS] lekt ls dVk] vyx Fkyx jgus vkSj vk£Fkd&lkekftd cqjkb;ksa dks lgu djus dks ckè; gS mlds ewy esa izkphu lM+h xyh xzke O;oLFkk gS ftu ij rkdroj mPp tkfr;ksa dk LFkkuh; vkfèkiR; jgrk gSA

blfy, vLi`';ksa ds fy, vyx ls xzke&cfLr;k¡ clkbZ tkuh pkfg, tks muds fodkl vkSj ghuHkkouk ds ifjR;kx esa lgk;d nfyr vLi`'; fgUnqvksa dh neudkjh uhfr;ksa ls Hkh lqjf{kr jgsaxsA leLr ljdkjh iQkyrw Ñf"k;ksX; Hkwfe muesa forfjr dj nsuh pkfg,A

MkW- vEcsMdj izkjaHk ls gh nfyrksa ls ekax djrs vk jgs Fks fd ^xk¡o NksM+ks] lkekftd U;k; lans'k

lqjf{kr uxj dk nkeu idM+ks* muds cgqr vkt Hkh udZ] tkrh;rk] fo"kerk ds x<+ ls vuq;kf;;ksa us ;g ckr ekuh Hkh vkSj cus gq, gSaA xk¡o ds xk¡o [kkyh gks x,A uk;d iwtk ls ijgst dkyZekDlZ us Hkh Hkkjr ds Lora=k 24 uoacj 1949 dks MkW- vEcsMdj us xzke leqnk; ds fo"k; esa vius fopkj izLrqr fd,A mlus fczfV'k laln ds fupys lafoèkku ikfjr gksus ds i'pkr~ dgk Fkk lnu dh ,d fjiksVZ dks vkèkkj ekurs gq, fd egku yksxksa ds izfr vxkèk J¼k esa crk;k fd xzke leqnk; ij ckgjh fNis [krjs ls lpsr jguk gksxkA ge yksxksa vkØe.kksa dk 'kk;n gh dksbZ vlj gqvk dks tkWu LVqvVZ fey dh ml lykg ij gksA ;|fi xk¡oksa us Hkkjh vk?kkr lgs gSaA è;ku j[kuk pkfg, tks mUgksaus iztkra=k ds ;q¼] vdky] lw[kk] chekjh ls xk¡o èoLr] cuk, j[kus ds fy, lHkh dks nh FkhA cckZn gq, gSaA fdUrq cps [kqps yksxksa us bUgsa mUgksaus dgk Fkk viuh Lora=krk dks fdlh fiQj vkckn dj fn;kA vfèkdka'k egku~ O;fDr ds pj.kksa esa dHkh ugha j[kuk xk¡ookfl;ksa dks lkezkT;ksa ds mRFkku&iru pkfg, u gh fdlh egku~ O;fDr dks bruh ls 'kk;n gh dksbZ fnypLih jgh gSA bUgsa 24 uoacj 1949 dks MkWdksbZ eryc ugha fd fdl laizHkq dk mn; ;k vLr gqvkA xk¡oksa dh vkarfjd O;oLFkk vEcsMdj us lafoèkku lnSo dk;e jghA ikfjr gksus ds i'pkr~ vEcsMdj us Bksl lq>ko fn;k fd dgk Fkk fd egku yksxksa xk¡o tkrh;] rkuk'kkgh] [ksfrgj fdlkuksa ds izfr vxkèk J¼k esa dh nklrk] vLi`';rk] Åap&uhp ds O;ogkj ds fy, vkt Hkh ftEesnkj gSaA fNis [krjs ls lpsr jguk Hkkjr ftls xk¡oksa dk ns'k dgk tkrk gksxkA ge yksxksa dks tkWu gS os gh vLi`';rk ds vHksn~; x<+ jgs gSaA LVqvVZ fey dh ml vc xk¡oksa esa tkfrokn vkSj dV~Vjrk c<+us ds lkFk&lkFk ^cwFk dSipfjax* ds Hkh ;s lykg ij è;ku j[kuk dsUnz cu x, gSaA iztkra=k vkSj {ks=kh; pkfg, tks mUgksaus iztkra=k fodkl fliZQ fdrkcksa dh oLrq cu x, gSaA tkfr vkèkkfjr pqukoksa us iztkra=k dk ds cuk, j[kus ds fy, xyk ?kksaV fn;k gSA mlds tks ifj.kke lHkh dks nh FkhA fudys gSa mlls izcq¼ ikBd oxZ iw.kZ :is.k ifjfpr gSA iqjkruoknh xzke O;oLFkk us jk"Vªh;rk] 'kfDr nsuh gS fd og mlls laLFkkuksa dks iztkra=k] lkSgknZ] lerk dh uhao gh detksj iyV nsA dj nh gSA ;g [krjukd izo`fÙk dgk¡ thou i;±r ns'k dh lsok esa jr egku tkdj #dsxh] dksbZ ugha tkurkA iq#"kksa ds izfr ÑrK gksuk xyr ugha gSA ,d le; ,slk vk,xk tc xk¡oksa esa fdUrq bldh lhek gSA vk;jyS.M ds ncax tkfr;k¡ gh jg ik,axh vkSj HkwriwoZ ns'kHkDr Msfu;y vks* dkWusy us vius vLi`'; rFkk vkt ds nfyr [ksfrgj mi;qZDr dFku esa dgk fd ^^dksbZ O;fDr Jethoh] ijaijkxr f'kYih tkfr;k¡ vius lEeku dh dher ij] dksbZ Hkh ukjh eqf'dy ls bu xk¡oksa esa jg ik;saxhA os vius lrhÙo dh dher ij vkSj dksbZ Hkh lkekftd U;k; lans'k

jk"Vª viuh Lora=krk dh dher ij ÑrK ugha gks ldrkA** ;g lkoèkkuh vU; fdlh ns'k dh rqyuk esa Hkkjr ds fy, vfèkd t:jh gS] D;ksafd gekjs ;gka HkfDr ;k fu"Bk ekxZ ;k uk;d iwtk dh jktuhfr esa fdlh vU; ns'k dh rqyuk esa vfèkd lfØ; Hkwfedk jgh gSA ,slh [kjh ckrsa dksbZ jk"Vª izseh ns'kHkDr gh dg ldrk FkkA D;ksafd Lora=krk izkfIr ds i'pkr~ Hkkjr ds u, lafoèkku dh jpuk esa iztkraf=kd O;oLFkk] iztkrkaf=kd ewY;ksa dh tks izfr"Bk dh xbZ Fkh mlls gtkjksa lky dh nklrk >sy jgh vke turk vc rd vifjfpr FkhA vius gh ns'k ds djksM+ksa yksxksa dks tkfr O;oLFkk ds varxZr nkl cukdj 'kks"k.k dk varghu pØ py jgk FkkA ysfdu vHkh ;g dguk dfBu gksxk fd fo"kerk dh laLÑfr ds varxZr nklrk vkSj 'kks"k.k dk ;g ifg;k dgk¡ rd izHkkoghu gqvk gS] fdl lhek rd #dk gSA usg: ds lkFk vEcsMdj us vius thou ewY;ksa] fl¼karksa] jk"Vªh;rk] ns'kHkfDr] fparu dh Lora=krk] oSpkfjd n`<+rk] ,ojsLV f'k[kj tSlh vkdk'k Li'khZ fo}rk dk le>kSrk ugha fd;kA iQyr% nks èkzqoksa ds jkLrs vyx&vyx gks x,A 1951 esa vEcsMdj us eaf=keaMy ls R;kxi=k ns fn;kA 1956 esa v'kksd fot;n'keh (14 vDVwcj) dks MkW- vEcsMdj us ckS¼èkeZ viukdj èkk£ed Økafr djds fo'o esa u;k dh£reku~ LFkkfir fd;kA Hkkjr ds lafoèkku dk ,d&,d vuqPNsn mudh ;'kxkFkk muds ;ksxnku dk lk{kh cu x;k gSA muds egku~ ns'kHkDr] jk"Vªoknh gksus dk ;g lcls cM+k izek.k gSA (ys[kd nfyr vkanksyu] laLd`fr] lekt vkfn fo"k;ksa ij ntZuksa iqLrdsa fy[k pqds gSaA)

vxLr 2013

MkW vEcsMdj dk jk"Vªh; fpUru MkW- vkj-ch- ykaxk;u

eus egkiq#"kksa vkSj larksa dks ns'k o tkfr;ksa ls tksM+ fn;k gSA lar Kkus'oj dks czkã.kksa esa] rqdkjke dks of.kdksa esa] ukenso dks nftZ;ksa esa] xksjk dks dqEgkjksa esa] jfonkl dks pekjksa esa] okYehfd dks okYehfd;ksa rd lhfer djus dk ç;kl djrs gSa] blh rjg MkW- vEcsMdj dks nfyrksa rd lhfer djus dk ç;kl djrs gSaA dqN yksxksa dh èkkj.kk gS fd MkWvEcsMdj nfyr usrk FksA mUgksaus dsoy nfyrksa ds fy, dke fd;kA os dHkh ns'k dh vktknh dh yM+kbZ esa tsy ugha x,A blfy, mudk dn xkaèkh] usg:] o iVsy vkfn ls de FkkA ysfdu os Hkwy tkrs gSa fd MkW- vEcsMdj dk jk"Vª ds çfr Lusg fdlh ls Hkh de ugha Fkk vkSj ;g dgk tk, fd ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj dk jk"Vª çse cgqr O;kid Fkk rks blesa dksbZ vfr'k;ksfDr ugha gSA x;kA nfyrksa dks lekt esa cjkcjh dk ntkZ ns'kHkDr dk ;g eryc ugha fd og feykA NwrNkr dk ;qx lekIr gqvkA eafnj tsy tk,A ns'kHkDr og gksrk gS tks ns'k vNwrksa ds fy, [kksy fn, x,A ns'k us ,d dks O;fDr vkSj tkfr o èkeZ ls cM+k egku~ lkekftd Økafr ns[kh ftlesa u [kwu le>sA ;g Bhd gS fd MkW- vEcsMdj ds [kjkck Fkk] u dksbZ foraMrk FkhA ;g lc jx&jx esa nfyr o 'kksf"krksa ds lkFk gks jgs dqN MkW- vEcsMdj ds R;kx vkSj vU;k; o 'kks"k.k ds fo:¼ Øksèk dh èkkjk fopkj'khyrk ls lEHko gqvkA cg jgh FkhA mUgksaus ç.k fd;k Fkk fd lekt esa iQSys HksnHkko dks [kRe djds vius yksxksa dks vkRelEeku fnykÅ¡xkA mudk ;g è;s; egku~ FkkA mPp ls mPp f'k{kk xzg.k djds mUgksaus dksbZ ukSdjh ugha dh vkSj viuk loZLo R;kxdj vNwrks¼kj esa yx x,A ,d fnu vk;k] os vius fe'ku esa liQy gq,A vLi`';rk dks ges'kk ds fy, vlaoSèkkfud ?kksf"kr dj fn;k vxLr 2013

ijUrq ;g rks MkW- vEcsMdj ds thou dk ,d i{k FkkA os dsoy vius lekt ds yksxksa ls gh I;kj ugha djrs FksA blls Hkh c<+dj ns'k muds fy, egku~ FkkA os Hkkjr dks viuk lc dqN le>rs FksA os dgrs Fks fd ge igys Hkkjrh; gSa ckn esa vkSj dqN gSaA ns'k dk fgr loksZifj gSA lafoèkku lfefr esa cksyrs gq, MkWvEcsMdj us dgk Fkk] ¶eq>s bldh iwjh 20

dYiuk gS fd vkt ge jktuhfrd] lkekftd o vkfFkZd n`f"V ls foHkkftr gaSA ge yksxksa us vyx&vyx Nkofu;ka cuk yh gSA ,slk gksxk rc Hkh eq>s iw.kZ fo'okl gS fd ifjfLFkfr o le; vkus ij viuh ,drk esa dksbZ ckèkk ugha cusxkA tkfr o iUFk vusd gSa] exj ge ,d jk"Vª cusaxs] bl fo"k; esa eq>s dksbZ lUnsg ugha gSA** blls ckcklkgsc dh vf[ky Hkkjrh; n`f"V n`f"Vxkspj gksrh gSA ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj us fgUnw èkeZ dh nfd;kuwlh ekU;rkvksa ds f[kykiQ vkokt cqyUn dh % ^^nfyrksa dh leL;kvksa dks mtkxj djus ds ckotwn eSaus nfyr oxZ dks jk"Vª dh eq[; èkkjk ls vyx ugha gksus fn;kA ;g cgqr dfBu vkSj vlkè; dk;Z FkkA eSaus ikfdLrku ds :i esa Hkkjr ds foHkktu dk Hkh fojksèk fd;k Fkk D;ksafd ns'kokfl;ksa ds fgr esa Hkkjr dk ,d v[k.M jk"Vª ds :i esa jguk vfr vko';d gSA esjs ç;kl ls djksM+ksa vNwr vius vfèkdkjksa dks çkIr djus ds fy, ykecUn rks gq,] ysfdu dHkh ,slh fLFkfr ugha vkus nh fd Hkkjrh; lekt rukoxzLr gksdj VqdM+s&VqdM+s gksdj fc[kj tk,A esjh vihy lHkh Hkkjrh;ksa ls ;g Fkh fd ftl tkr&ikar ls lkekftd thou esa vyxko vk;k gS vkSj b";kZ rFkk ?k`.kk dk tUe gqvk gS mls R;kxdj ,d jk"Vª cusa D;ksafd v[k.M Hkkjr gh gekjk y{; gksuk pkfg,¸A blh çdkj 5 iQjojh] 1950 dks lnu dks lEcksfèkr djrs gq, MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk Fkk ^^'krkfCn;ksa dh xqykeh ds iQyLo:i] fo"kerk] tkfrokn lkekftd U;k; lans'k

25 uoEcj] 1949 dks lafoèkku lHkk esa MkW- vEcsMdj us vkstLoh Hkk"k.k fn;k Fkk tks muds jk"Vªçse dks n'kkZrk gSA mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd ns'k dks xíkjksa us xqyke cuk;kA le;&le; ij ckgj ls yksx ;gka vk, vkSj vkilh iQwV dk ykHk mBk;kA ;g iwNus ij D;k fiQj ls bfrgkl dh iqujko`fÙk gksxh] MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk&^^fgUnqvksa dks tkfrHksn o iUFkHksn tSls iqjkus 'k=kqvksa esa ,d u;k i{k] ,d nwljs dk fojksèk djuk Hkh 'kkfey gks x;k ,d vkSj NksVk&lk mnkgj.k ;gka nsuk gSA blds dkj.k esjh fpUrk nqxquh gks xbZ U;k;laxr gksxkA ckcklkgsc fy[krs gSa] gSA** mUgksaus Hkkjrh; turk dks psrkouh nh ¶18 iQjojh] lu~ 1948 dks nkeksnj oSyh dkWjiksjs'ku vfèkfu;e ikl gqvkA ml 25 uoEcj] 1949 dks le;] eSa dsUnzh; eaf=keaMy esa fofèk ea=kh ds in ij dke dj jgk FkkA esjh gkfnZd lafoèkku lHkk esa MkWbPNk fdlh Hkkjrh; dks bl dkWjiksZjs'ku ds vEcsMdj us vkstLoh in ij fu;qDr djus dh FkhA vr% esjh Hkk"k.k fn;k Fkk tks muds n`f"V jk; cgknqj ,-,l- [kkslyk ij Fkh tks ml le; iatkc ds mRd`"V rFkk çfl¼ jk"Vªçse dks n'kkZrk gSA bathfu;j FksA tc eSaus Jh [kkslyk dks bl mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd ns'k in gsrq fu;qfDr dk çLrko Hkstk rks os blls lger u gq,A irk pyk fd os Hkh dks xíkjksa us xqyke vU; fgUnw vfèkdkfj;ksa dh Hkkafr ,d cuk;kA le;&le; ij vNwr ea=kh ds uhps dke ugha djuk pkgrsA ckgj ls yksx ;gka vk, bl ij eSaus mUgsa cqykdj le>k;k fd eSa fczfV'k vFkok vesfjdh vfèkdkjh dh vkSj vkilh iQwV dk vis{kk fdlh ;ksX; Hkkjrh; dks bl vk;ksx ykHk mBk;kA dk vè;{k cukuk pkgrk gw¡A ;g lqudj Jh [kkslyk cM+s çlUu gq, vkSj mUgksaus vè;{k in lEHkkyuk Lohdkj dj fy;kA Fkh fd ^^;fn mUgksaus ny ds fgr dks vkfn cqjkb;ka mRiUu gks xbZ gSaA ijUrq mUgsa gfFk;kj cukdj ;fn dksbZ fons'kh gekjs Lo:i dk vigj.k djuk pkgsxk rks ge lgu ugha djsaxsA ge mudh vkdka{kkvksa dks feV~Vh esa feyk nsaxsA ;g gekjk ?kjsyw ekeyk gSA blls ge vkil esa fuiV ysaxsA gesa vius vUnj iSnk gksus okys t;pUnksa ls lkoèkku jguk gSA ftl jk"Vª vkSj lekt ds ge vax] mikax gS mlds fgr dks Bhd <ax ls igpkuks¸A

cEcbZ esa 31 ebZ] 1952 dks Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, mUgksaus dgk Fkk] ¶eSaus ns'k ds lkFk dHkh Hkh nzksg ugha fd;k gSA esjs ân; esa lnSo ns'k dk fgr fojkteku jgrk gSA xksyest ifj"kn~ xkaèkh th ls 200 ehy vkxs Fkk ftlesa eSaus nfyrksa dks ^çksVsLVS.V fgUnw* dgus dh ekax dh FkhA** ysfdu xkaèkh th us MkW- vEcsMdj dks le>k FkkA xkaèkh th us MkW- vEcsMdj dks mPp dksfV dk ns'kHkDr dgk FkkA lkekftd U;k; lans'k

jk"Vªfgr ij ojh;rk nh] rks Hkkjr dh vktknh fiQj ls [krjs esa iM+ ldrh gS vkSj gks ldrk gS fd lnSo ds fy, u"V gks tk,A ge yksxksa dks vius 'kjhj ds jDr dh vfUre cwan rd ns'k dh vktknh ds fy, yM+us dk fu'p; djuk pkfg,**A ckcklkgsc ds ny nfyrksa ds ugha os vf[ky Hkkjr jk"Vª ds gSaA os pkgrs Fks fd ns'k vfèkdkjksa dh yM+kbZ yM+s ysfdu ckn dk mudk thou ns'k dks fodflr djus 21

esa yxk jgkA os jk"Vª dh iqujZpuk esa jr jgsA ns'k dk lafoèkku fy[kk] efgykvksa vkSj 'kksf"krksa ds fy, dke fd;kA os egku~ ekuorkoknh Fks MkW- vEcsMdj çFke xksyest dkaÚsal esa yUnu x,A os nfyrksa ds çfrfufèk ds :i esa x, Fks vkSj nfyrksa ds fy, dqN fd;kA mudh gkyr ;wa dh ;wa gSA mUgksaus fczfV'k ljdkj dks vkM+s gkFkksa fy;kA ;fn os fczfV'k ljdkj ds fiV~Bw gksrs rks vaxzst ljdkj ds f[kykiQ ugha cksyrsA ysfdu mUgksaus fczfV'k ljdkj dks Hkh ugha c['kk vkSj dgk] ¶og le; yn x;k tc vki fu.kZ; ysrs Fks vkSj Hkkjr dks mls Lohdkj djuk iM+rk FkkA og le; vc dHkh ykSVdj ugha vk,xkA vkids rdZ dk la;ksx ugha cfYd yksxksa dh lgefr gh u;s lafoèkku dh dlkSVh gksuh pkfg,A lafoèkku }kjk gh ge jktuSfrd 'kfDr vius gkFk esa ys ldrs gSaA Hkhrj esa ukSdj'kkgh ljdkj ds LFkku ij bl çdkj dh ljdkj gksuh pkfg, tks yksxksa dh gks] yksxksa }kjk gks vkSj yksxksa ds fy, gks*A nwljh xksyest dkaÚsal esa Hkh MkW- vEcsMdj yUnu x,A xkaèkh th Hkh x, FksA os dqekjh ysLVj ds ?kj #ds gq, FksA ysLVj MkW- vEcsMdj dks Hkh vPNh rjg tkurh Fkh vkSj nksuksa ls feydj vYila[;dksa dh leL;k dk lekèkku djuk pkgrh FkhA MkW- vEcsMdj us xkaèkh th ls dqekjh ysLVj ds lkeus ç'u fd;k Fkk& ^D;k eSa jktnzksgh gw¡\ D;ka eSa ns'k dk 'k=kq gw¡\ esjk fojksèk vdkj.k D;ksa\ D;k esjk fojksèk blfy, fd;k tkrk gS fd eSa vkids vkSj dkaxzsl ds lkFk vkdj vius oxZ ds çfr xíkj ugha gksuk pkgrk gw¡¸\ xkaèkh th us dgk] ¶;g vlR; gS MkWDVj! eSa dkaxzslh ugha gw¡A ;g ,d jktuSfrd ny gS] fiQj Hkh eSa ugha tkurk fd tSlk rqe lksprs gks] oSlk djus esa fdlh dk gkFk gks ldrk gSA¸ xkaèkh th vxLr 2013

MkW- vEcsMdj dks mPp dksfV dk rc mUgksua s fgUnh dks jktHkk"kk cukus dk ns'kHkDr ekurs FksA çLrko is'k fd;kA mUgksua s Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, ns'kHkDr dk lcls cM+k mnkgj.k iwuk dgk Fkk fd ;fn dksbZ bl çLrko dks iSDV gSA tc f}rh; xksyest dkaÚl as esa Lohdkj ugha dj ldrk mls] Hkkjrh; vYila[;dksa dh leL;k dk lekèkku ugha dgykus dk dksbZ gd ughaA mudk er Fkk gqvk vkSj fczfV'k çèkkuea=kh us 16 vxLr] fd fgUnh ,d ,slh Hkk"kk gS tks lEiw.kZ 1932 dks lkEçnkf;d iQSlyk lquk fn;k rks jk"Vª dks ,drk ds lw=k esa fijks ldrh gSA xkaèkh th us vu'ku dh èkedh ns nhA xkaèkh th iQSlys ls lger ugha FksA os i`Fkd&fuokZpu ç.kkyh ds fo:¼ FksA tc fczfV'k ljdkj us iQSlyk okil ugha fy;k rks xkaèkh th us iq.ks dh ;jonk tsy esa 20 flrEcj] 1932 dks vkej.k vu'ku 'kq: dj fn;kA lHkh cM+s dkaxl sz h usrk ogka ekStnw FksA lkjs ns'k esa gkgkdkj ep x;kA mu ij nokc Mkyk x;k fd le>kSrs dk dksbZ jkLrk fudkysA ckcklkgsc dh xkaèkh th ls ehfVax gqbA± MkW- vEcsMdj ds lkeus ,d rjiQ nfyrksa ds fgr dh ckr Fkh vkSj nwljh vksj egkRek xkaèkh dks cpkus dh ckr FkhA ;fn MkW- vEcsMdj fu.kZ; dks cnyus ds fy, rS;kj gksrs rks xkaèkh th ds çk.k tk ldrs FksA ysfdu MkW- vEcsMdj lPps jk"Vªoknh FksA jk"Vª dk fgr loksiZ fj FkkA mUgksua s viuh eu dk fu.kZ; cnyus dk le>kSrk fd;k vkSj xkaèkh th us 6 fnu ds ckn vu'ku rksMk+ A bl le>kSrs us lkEçnkf;d foHkktu ls cpk;kA ;fn MkW- vEcsMdj vius fu.kZ; ij vM+s jgrs Fks rks ns'k esa x`g;q¼ dh fLFkfr iSnk gks ldrh Fkh vkSj nfyrksa ij xkaèkh th ds çk.k ysus dk Hkh vkjksi yxrkA MkW- vEcsMdj us mls cpk fy;k vkSj viuh ns'kHkfDr dk lcwr fn;kA MkW- vEcsMdj dks lafoèkku cukus dk dke lkSia uk Hkh muesa fo'okl dk dkj.k FkkA ;fn os ns'k ls çse ugha djrs rks mUgsa dkSu ;g dke lkSia rk\ vkSj MkW- vEcsMdj us tkfr] èkeZ] jax ls Åij mBdj ns'k ds lafoèkku dk fuekZ.k fd;kA dksbZ Hkh ml ij maxyh ugha mBk ldrkA mUgksua s cq¼ ds èkEepØ dks jk"VªfpUg ds :i esa viuk;kA vxLr 2013

MkW- vEcsMdj dk ckS¼ èkeZ xzg.k djuk n'kkZrk gS fd os vius ns'k o mldh laLd`fr ls fdruk I;kj djrs FksA mUgsa fgUnw èkeZ ls ?k`.kk gks xbZ FkhA tkr&ikar dh çFkk us muds fny dks fgykdj j[k fn;k FkkA fgUnqvksa ds gB rFkk ew[kZrk ds dkj.k mUgksaus ckS¼ èkeZ

djus esa Hkh ihNs ugha jgwaxk¸A okLro esa muds eu esa cnyk ysus dh Hkkouk ugha Fkha mUgksaus lksp&le>dj ckS¼ cuus dk iQSlyk fd;kA bl lEcUèk esa os dgrs gSa] ¶;fn eu esa }s"k gksrk o cnyk ysus dh Hkkouk gksrh] rks ikap o"kZ esa gh eSaus bl ns'k dk lR;kuk'k dj fn;k gksrkA** ;fn os bZlkbZ ;k eqlyeku cu tkrs rks ns'k dh laLd`fr dks [krjk gks ldrk Fkk] ns'k dh LorU=krk vkSj fgUnw èkeZ dks Hkh cM+k uqdlku gks ldrk FkkA] ysfdu mUgksaus ,sls èkeZ dks ugha viuk;k ftlesa ns'k dh laLd`fr dk [krjk gks vFkok vLi`';ksa dks varjkZ"Vªh; cuk,A ckS¼ èkeZ xzg.k djus ds ckn mUgksaus dgk Fkk] ¶,d ckj eSaus xkaèkh th dks opu fn;k Fkk fd tc Hkh le; vk,xk eaS ns'k dks de ls de gkfu igqapkÅ¡xkA ckS¼ èkeZ xzg.k djds eSaus ;g fl¼ dj fn;k gSA ;g esjh ns'k lsok gSA**

MkW- vEcsMdj dks Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ls I;kj FkkA os ns'k ls cgqr I;kj djrs FksA ;gh dkj.k Fkk fd mUgksaus vius v[kckj dk uke ^cfg"d`r Hkkjr* j[kk] vius Nkis[kkus dk uke ^Hkkjr fçafVax* çsl j[kkA v'kksd ds èkEepØ dks jk"VªfpUg cuk;kA Hkk"kk vkSj {ks=k ds vkèkkj ij u, jkT; cukus dk fojksèk fd;kA d'ehj esa èkkjk 370 dks ykxw djus ds i{k esa ugha FksA os xzg.k djus dk iQSlyk fd;kA pkgrs rks ugha pkgrs Fks ns'k esa nks lafoèkku gksa] nks bZlkbZ o eqlyeku Hkh cu ldrs Fks ysfdu lsuk,a gksA os rks Hkkjrh; FksA mUgsa Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ls vUr esa gesa ckcklkgsc ds ;s 'kCn I;kj FkkA ckS¼ èkeZ fgUnqLrku esa tUek] ;kn j[kus pkfg,a] ^^eq>s ;g vPNk ugha iQwyk blfy, mUgksaus mls gh viuk;kA yxrk] tc dqN yksx dgrs gSa fd ge mUgksaus ns'k dh laLd`fr o ijEijk dks igys Hkkjrh; gSa vkSj ckn esa fgUnw ;k èkDdk u yxs] bldk iwjk è;ku j[kkA eqlyekuA eq>s ;g Lohdk;Z ugha gSA eSa fgUnw èkeZ dks NksM+dj ckS¼ èkeZ Lohdkj pkgrk gwa fd yksx igys Hkh Hkkjrh; gksa djuk Hkh ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj ds jk"Vª ds çfr Lusg dks gh n'kkZrk gSA mUgksaus vkSj vUr rd Hkkjrh; jgsa] Hkkjrh;rk ds dgk] ¶Li`'; fgUnqvksa ls dqN eqíksa ij vfrfjDr dqN ughaA** (ys[kd fjVk;MZ vkbZ- ,- ,l- vfèkdkjh o esjk >xM+k gS] ij vius ns'k dh LorU=krk gfj;k.kk jkT; foÙk vk;ksx ds lnL; lfpo gSa) dh j{kk ds fy, eSa vius çk.k viZ.k 22

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vfLerkcks/ dk la?k"kZ MkW- foHkk Bkdqj

"Vªokn ;kuh vfLerkcks/A vaxzsth jkt ds fo#¼ vkanksyu dk y{; Fkk vfLerk ds fy, la?k"kZA bl vFkZ esa fdlh ,d oxZ] tkfr ds LFkku ij MkW- vEcsMdj dk la?k"kZ Hkh O;kid vfLerk ds fy, FkkA mUgksaus tks vkanksyu 'kq# fd;k Fkk mldk y{; fliQZ euq"; dks jktuhfrd eqfDr fnykuk ugha Fkk vfirq og lexz vFkok lE;d eqfDr dh çkfIr ds fy, la?k"kZjr FksA ftls ckn es nfyr vkanksyu dk uke fn;k x;kA muds vkanksyu dk mís'; fliQZ lo.kksaZ dk fojks/ u gksdj nfyr oxksaZ ds lEekuiwoZd thus ds vfèkdkj dh ekax Fkh D;ksafd ckcklkgsc vEcsMdj us Hkkjrh; lekt ds fiNMs+iu ds çeq[k dkj.k iwathokn vkSj czkã.kokn dks igpku fy;k Fkk fdarq iwathokn ds fojks/ ds laca/ esa vEcsMdj vkSj ekDlZ esa ,d ekSfyd erHksn gSA ekDlZ ekurs lkekftd U;k; lans'k

gaS fd HkkSfrd vFkok vkfFkZd dkj.k euq"; dh fu;fr ds fy, ftEesnkj gS ;fn euq"; vkfFkZd etcwrh çkIr dj ys rks ckdh lkjh phtsa Lo;a gkfly dj ysxkA ekDlZ ds ;gka 'kks"k.k dk eryc vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k vkSj eqfDr dk eryc vkfFkZd eqfDr gS blfy, vkfFkZd lcyrk mldks 'kks"k.k ls eqfDr djkrh gS fdarq MkW- vEcsMdj ekurs Fks fd vkfFkZd laiUurk ds ckn Hkh tc rd euq"; vfLerk (bTtr) gkfly ugha dj ysrk rc rd ckdh lkjh phtsa&vkfFkZd Lora=krk dk egRo ugha jg tkrkA blfy, tkfr ca/u VwVuk lcls igys t#jh pht gS D;ksafd blds vk/kj ij lekt esa mls lekurk dk vf/dkj ugha fn;k tkrkA lafo/ku fuekZ.k ds le; mUgksaus bl ckr dk iwjk è;ku j[kk fd Hkkjr ds 23

çR;sd oxZ o tkfr dks leku vfèkdkj fey ldsA MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk Fkk& Lora=krk rks gesa feyh fdarq Hkkjr esa lerk dk vHkko gSA ;gka ds lkekftd o vkfFkZd thou esa fo"kerk dk cksyckyk gSA bl fo"kerk dks gesa 'kh?kz gh feVkuk gksxk D;kasfd tkfr o oxZ dks ysdj tc rd vlekurk cuh jgsxh rc rd ns'k ;k jk"Vª dh rLohj iwjh ugha gksxhA ckcklkgsc dk ukjk Fkk fd f'kf{kr cuks] laxfBr gks vkSj la?k"kZ djksA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd f'k{kk ls vkilh le> c<sxh HksnHkko nwj gksxk laxfBr gksdj yksdra=k esa mldh ckr lÙkk rd igqap ik,xh vkSj la?k"kZ ls og vius vf/dkj çkIr dj ldsxkA og ;g Hkh ekurs Fks fd O;oLFkk ifjorZu ds fy, vafre eafty lÙkk rd igqapuk gSA ysfdu lÙkk rd igqapus ls igys tc rd 'kSf{kd] lkekftd] lkaLd`frd vkSj vkfFkZd fLFkfr ugha cnyrh rc rd jktuhfrd lÙkk Hkh O;fDrxr is'kk vkSj O;fDrxr LokFkZ flf¼ dk ekè;e cu dj jg tk,xkA bruk gh ugha jk"Vª fuekZ.k dh çfØ;k ds fy, mudk ekuuk Fkk fd O;fDr dh Lora=krk ,oa vkRefuHkZjrk gh lPps jk"Vª ds fuekZ.k esa lg;ksx dj ldrh gS D;ksafd Hkkjr eas oxZ tkfr ;k fiQj /eZ ds v/hu jg dj gh O;fDr us lkaLd`frd iwath dks çkIr fd;kA ;s lkaLd`frd iwath mlds Je ,oa Kku ds }kjk mls ugha feyhA ;gh otg gS fd Hkkjr es ,d oxZ dks lfn;ksa ls ykafNr fd;k x;kA mldh vfLerk [kafMr gqbZ vkSj ;g fliQZ lekftd HksnHkko ds dkj.k vxLr 2013

jk"Vª dksbZ futhZo oLrq ugha gS bl gqvkA blfy, tc rd bu oxksaZ ,oa vuqdwy gksrs gh gekjh ,drk dks dksbZ tkfr;ksa dks lEeku vkSj vf/dkj ugha jksd ugha ldsxkA Hkys gh vkt eqfLye ckr dks vEcsMdj c[kwch tkurs Fks fey tkrk ,d laiw.kZ jk"Vª dh dYiuk yhx fganqLrku ds VqdMs+ djus ds fy, blfy, mUgkasus jk"Vª ds fodkl esa gj vkanksyu pyk jgh gS fiQj Hkh ,d ,slk ukxfjd dh vfLerk dk lEeku djrs vèkwjh jg tk,xhA jk"Vª dh v[kaMrk ds egRo dks Hkh fnu mfnr gksxk tc og Hkh eglwl gq, lcdh eqfDr dk liuk ns[kkA ;g le>rs gq, MkW- vEcsMdj us viuh djsaxs fd v[kaM Hkkjr gh ge lcds fy, eqfDr tkfr ,oa oxZ fo'ks"k dh ugha nwjnf'kZrk ds vk/kj ij Hkkjr ikfdLrku fgrdj gS* ^'kklukf/dkj lkSaiuk rks ljy vfirq laiw.kZ lekt dh eqfDr FkhA foHkktu dks ,d lgh fu.kZ; ekurs gq, ckr gS exj le>nkjh nsuk dfBu ckr gS lkèkj.kr;k ladqfpr vFkZ esa MkWviuh iqLrd ^FkkWV~l vkWiQ ikfdLrku* eas lcdks vius lkFk ys dj vkxs c<us vkSj vEcsMdj dks nfyr elhgk ds #i es mUgksaus fy[kk ^Hkkjr ds fganqvksa igpkuk x;k fdarq okLro es dks 'kkafr ls thus ds fy, jk"Vª dksbZ futhZo oLrq ugha gS bl ckr og ns'k ds ml misf{kr oxZ Hkkjr ds fganqLrku vkSj dks vf/dkj fnykuk pkgrs dks MkW vEcs M dj c[kw c h tkurs Fks ikfdLrku nks Hkkx dj nsus Fks tks lfn;ksa ls fiNM+k gqvk pkfg,A fganqvksa dks eu esa ;g blfy, mUgkasus jk"Vª ds fodkl eas gj FkkA os tkurs Fks tc rd ugha j[kuk pkfg, fd iM+ksl ns'k dk gj oxZ ,oa tkfr ukxfjd dh vfLerk dk lEeku djrs ds eqfLye jk"Vª ge ij /kok ,d leku fLFkfr dks çkIr gq , lcdh eq f Dr dk liuk ns [ kkA ;g cksy nsaxs D;ksafd orZeku ugha djsxk rc rd laiUu ;q¼ra=k ds dkj.k ns'k dh eqfDr tkfr ,oa oxZ fo'ks"k dh ugha jk"Vª dh dYiuk lkdkj ugha HkkSxksfyd lhek dk vkt dh vfirq laiw.kZ lekt dh eqfDr FkhA gks ldsxhA blfy, mUgksaus nqfu;k es dksbZ egRo ugha gSA lekt ds laiw.kZ fodkl eas lkèkj.kr;k ladqfpr vFkZ esa MkW- tkfr ,oa oxZ vkSj L=kh ds lqjf{kr lhek dh vis{kk Hkkjr ds çfr fu"Bk j[kus okyh xSj vEcsMdj dks nfyr elhgk ds #i esa l'kfDrdj.k dh odkyr eqlyekuksa dh iQkSt fgiQktr gq, vkj{k.k vkSj ^fganw igpkuk x;k fdarq okLro es og ns'k djrs ds fygkt ls T;knk vge gSA* dksM fcy* tSls egRoiw.kZ mUgkasus lq>k;k fd ikfdLrku ds ml misf{kr oxZ dks vf/dkj fnykuk çLrko dks lcds lkeus j[kkA cukus ls igys ikfdLrkuh pkgrs Fks tks lfn;ksa ls fiNM+k gqvk usg# us dgk Fkk fd MkWfgLls ds fganw rFkk fganqLrku vEcsMdj fganw lekt dh FkkA os tkurs Fks tc rd ns'k dk gj neudkjh ço`fr;ksa ds fo#¼ ds eqlyekuksa dh vnyk&cnyh gks tkuh pkfg,A mUgksaus oxZ ,oa tkfr ,d leku fLFkfr dks fd;s x, foæksg ds çrhd rqfdZLrku] feJ vkfn ns'kksa ds çkIr ugha djsxk rc rd laiUu jk"Vª gSaA mnkgj.k nsrs gq, ;g vr% dgk tk ldrk gS lkiQ&lkiQ le>k;k gS fd dh dYiuk lkdkj ugha gks ldsxhA fd yksdra=k es vVwV vkLFkk eqlyekuksa dks ikfdLrku j[krs gq, ckcklkgsc MkWcukus nsuk fdl rjg ls fganqvksa ds fy, fgrdj gksxkA dsaæh; vkxs py dj gekjh ,drk cyoku gks vEcsMdj us Hkkjrh; lekt es lerk] 'kklu l'kDr djus ds fy, Hkkjr dk ,slk ekxZ viukus dh ge esa {kerk gS] Lora=krk vkSj caèkqrk dk lans'k fn;k rwFkk foHkktu vko';d gS vU;Fkk Hkkjr dh 'kfDr gS rFkk cqf¼eÙkk gSA bls ge vius lqn`< jk"Vª ds fuekZ.k ds fy, tkfr eqDr Lok/hurk lnk gh ladV esa jgsxhA ,d O;ogkj ls fl¼ djus dk ç;kl djsaA Hkkjr dk vkanksyu pykdj vkus okyh lPps jk"Vªoknh ds rkSj ij vEcsMdj us mi;qZDr dFku ds vk/kj ij dgk tk ih<+h ds fy, lekurk dk ekxZ ç'kLr lhèks&lh/s dgk Fkk&vkt ge Hkys gh ldrk gS fd fganqLrku ds Hkfo"; dh fd;kA (ysf[kdk fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds dkfyanh jktuSfrd lkekftd vkSj vkfFkZd n`f"V ls nwjn'khZ dYiuk mUgsa lPpk jk"Vªoknh fl¼ dkWyst esa ,lksfl,V izksiQslj gSa) VwV x;s gksa fiQj Hkh ifjfLFkfr vkSj le; djrh gSA vxLr 2013

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

MkW- vEcsMdj vkSj ^fganqRo dk n'kZu* MkW- vfHkeU;q dqekj

MkW-

vEcsMdj us ^fganqRo dk n'kZu* esa fganw èkeZ vkSj mlds n'kZu dh O;k[;k dh gSA mUgksaus fganw èkeZ dk fo'ys"k.k thou 'kSyh ds :i esa fNis mlds egRo dks fuèkkZfjr djus ds ckn fd;k gSA os èkeZ ds n'kZu ds vè;;u esa rhu vk;keksa dk gksuk vko';d ekurs gSaA igyk vk;ke gS&èkeZA muds vuqlkj èkeZ dk mís'; ,d ,sls lkekftd O;oLFkk dk fuekZ.k gksuk pkfg, ftlesa yksx uSfrd thou ;kiu dj ldsaA nwljk vk;ke gS] èkeZ ftl vkn'kZ ;kstuk dk leFkZu djrk gS] mldh igpku djukA blds varxZr os èkeZ esa LFkkfir LFkk;h vkSj izHkko'kkyh vaxksa dks ns[krs gSa vkSj mlds vko';d xq.kksa dks vuko';d xq.kksa ls vyx djus dh ckr djrs gSaA gkykafd] os bls dfBu Hkh ekurs gSaA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj èkeZ ds lkekftd U;k; lans'k

n'kZu dk rhljk vk;ke gS] ,d ,slh dlkSVh fuf'pr djuk ftl ij èkeZ dks [kjk mrjuk pkfg,A os bl dlkSVh dh tkap ml èkeZ esa vkbZ Økafr;ksa dk vè;;u djus ds i'pkr~ djrs gSaA èkeZ esa vkbZ Økafr;ksa dk vè;;u mUgksaus lH; vkSj vkfne lekt dks foHkkftr djus ds ckn fd;k gSA vEcsMdj fy[krs gSa&^^Økafr ds ,d fljs ij og izkphu lekt gS] ftlds èkkfeZd vkn'kZ dk y{; mldk lekt FkkA Økafr ds nwljs fljs ij og vkèkqfud lekt gS] ftlds èkkfeZd vkn'kZ dk y{; ,d O;fDr FkkA**1 os euq"; ds vkpj.k vkSj mlds uSfrd mÙkerk dks egRo nsrs gSa] tks lgh vkSj xyr dk ekinaM djus esa mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA lkekftd mi;qDrrk dh txg vkèkqfud lekt esa O;fDr ds U;k; feyus dks gh os uSfrd mÙkerk ekurs gSaA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj] èkeZ ds n'kZu dks ij[kus ds fu;e nSoh gksus ds lkFk&lkFk izkd`frd Hkh gksus pkfg,A os fganqRo ds n'kZu dk ijh{k.k Hkh blh vkèkkj ij djrs gSaA

fliQZ 'kwnzksa dks gh xqyke cuk;k tk ldrk gSA vEcsMdj fy[krs gSa fd] vxj xqykeh dks viuk jkLrk cukus dh Lora=krk nh tkrh rks blls tkfr&izFkk dh uhao u"V gks tkrhA rc dksbZ czkã.k vNwr dks vkSj vNwr fdlh czkã.k dks xqyke cuk ldrk FkkA fookg ij euq dh èkkj.kk ij fopkj djrs gq, os Li"V djrs gSa fd] euq vartkZrh; fookg dk fojksèkh gSA o.kZ&O;oLFkk ds fy, lcls cM+k [krjk vartkZrh; fookg gS blfy, euq us n`<+rkiwoZd bldk fojksèk fd;k gSA vartkZrh; fookg dks euq vuqefr nsrk gS ysfdu myV Øe ls ughaA vius ls uhps ds o.kks± esa gh vartkZrh; fookg dh vuqefr FkhA blls Li"V gS fd 'kwnz o.kZ vartkZrh; fookg ugha dj ldrk FkkA xokgh nsus ds fy, euq us vius vkpkj&lafgrk esa vyx&vyx o.kks± ds fy, vyx&vyx fu;e izfrikfnr fd;s gSaA 'kiFk fnykrs le; U;k;kèkh'k czkã.k ls ^dgks* {kf=k; ls ^lR; dgks* oS'; ls ^xks cht* vkSj 'kwnz ls mu lHkh ikiksa dks tks euq"; dj ldrk gS] ds nks"kksa dh >wBh xokgh ls rqyuk djrs gq, xokgh nsus dks dgsxkA mlds vuqlkj fuEu o.kks± dks jktk >wBh xokgh nsus ds fy, tqekZus ds lkFk ns'k fudkyk ns] ijarq czkã.k dks dsoy jkT; dh lhek R;kxus dks dgsaA

fganw èkeZ esa lekurk dh fLFkfr dh tkap vEcsMdj dbZ fcanqvksa ij djrs gSaA os fganw èkeZ esa tkfr&O;oLFkk ds fy, euq dks ftEesnkj ekurs gSaA euq us o.kZ vijkèkksa ds ekeys esa euq dgrk gS dh ifo=krk dk mins'k fn;k gSA fganw èkeZ esa LFkk;h O;oLFkk ds :i esa euq us bls fd] iqjksfgr dh ekugkfu ds fy, {kf=k; ekU;rk iznku dh tks vlekurk ds dks lkS i.k] oS'; dks ,d lkS ipkl fl¼kar dks ykxw djrk gSA euq ds vuqlkj i.k ;k nks lkS i.k rFkk f'kYih ;k nkl 25

vxLr 2013

O;fDr dks dksM+s yxk, tkus pkfg,A ;fn dksbZ iqjksfgr {kf=k; dh ekugkfu djas rks ipkl i.k] oS'; ds lkFk djsa rks iPphl i.k vkSj nkl o.kZ dh HkRlZuk djus ij ckjg i.k dk tqekZuk fd;k tk,A dksbZ 'kwnz O;fDr f}t dk vieku djrk gS rks mldh thHk dkV nsus pkfg,A czkã.k dk uke rFkk o.kZ viekuiwoZd mYys[k djus ij nkl O;fDr ds eqag esa nl vaxqy yach yksgs dh NM+ Mky nsuh pkfg,A 'kqnz ?keaMiwoZd iqjksfgrksa dks muds dÙkZO;ksa ds fy, funsZ'k ns rks jktk mlds eqag rFkk dku esa xeZ rsy Mkyus dk vkns'k nsxkA izgkj ;k ekj&ihV ds vijkèk ds fy, euq dgrk gS fd 'kwnz ftl vax }kjk Åaph tkfr ds O;fDr ij geyk djs ;k pksV igaqpk,] mldk og vax dkV ysuk pkfg,A O;kfHkpkj ds vijkèk ds fy, euq dgrk gS] ;fn dksbZ 'kwnz fdlh iqjksfgr dh iRuh ds lkFk O;kfHkpkj djrk gS] rks mldks eqR;q fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ysfdu iqjksfgr oxZ dk dksbZ vkneh O;kfHkpkj djs rks mls izk.k naM nsus dh ctk, mldk vidhfrZdj eqaMu djk nsuk pkfg,A O;kfHkpkj ds vkjksih iqjksfgr dks NksM+dj vU; oxks± dks e`R;q&naM rd fn;k tk ldrk gSA o.kZ&Øe esa tks ftruk gh uhps gS euq us mlds fy, ltk dk foèkku mruk gh T;knk l[+r fd;k gSA vEcsMdj fganw rFkk xSj fganw vkijkfèkd U;k; 'kkL=k esa foy{k.k varj ekurs gSaA U;k; dh Hkkouk gksuh ;g pkfg, fd ,d gh izdkj ds vijkèk ds fy,] ,d leku naM feys ysfdu euq ds vijkèk&dkuwu esa gesa ltk nsus dk vekuoh; Lo:i fn[kkbZ iM+rk gSA vEcsMdj] euq }kjk fuekZ.k fd, x, èkkfeZd vlekurk dh vksj Hkh gekjk è;ku vkdf"kZr djrs gSaA èkkfeZd laLdkjksa dh vkM+ esa fNis vlekurk dh Hkkouk dk vxLr 2013

mUgksaus inkZiQk'k fd;k gSA euq us vfHk"ksd laLdkj ds varxZr dgk gS] czkã.k dks ckyd ds Kku oèkZu ds fy, ikapos o"kZ esa] {kf=k; dks ckyd dk ijkØe c<+kus ds fy, NBs o"kZ esa] vkSj oS'; vius ckyd dh le`f¼ ds fy, vkBosa o"kZ esa miu;u laLdkj djk,A f}tksa ds vijkèk ds izk;f'pr ds fy, euq us iapegk;K dk foèkku fd;k gS ftls djus ls os ik¡p ikiksa ds nks"k ls NqVdkjk ik ldrs gSa tcfd vU; fdlh o.kZ ds fy, bl rjg dh

^^euq"; dks vius ikikas ls eqDr gksus ds iz;kl ls jksduk! euq"; dks bZ'oj ds lehi vkus ij jksd! fdlh Hkh cqf¼eku O;fDr dks ,sls fu;e ?k`f.kr yxus pkfg, vkSj fod`r efLr"d dh fu'kkuh yxuh pkfg,A fganw èkeZ dsoy lekurk dks gh udkjrk gS] ,slk ugha gS] ijarq og ekuo O;fDrRo dh ifo=krk dks Hkh udkjrk gSA ;g bldk ,d pfdr dj nsus okyk mnkgj.k gSA** dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha gSA euq us 'kwnzksa ds ifo=k ea=kksa dk iz;ksx djus ij izfrcaèk yxk;k gSA mlds vuqlkj 'kwnz vius èkkfeZd laLdkjksa esa dHkh Hkh ifo=k ea=k dk tki u djsaA dsoy mu ea=kksa dk tki dj ldrs gSa ftlesa ueLdkj rFkk Lrqfr dk lekos'k gSA euq us f}tksa ds fy, iki ls eqDr gksus ds fu;e] ekuo 'kjhj dks czã izkfIr ;ksX; 26

cukus ds mik; vkSj Js"B czã in dSls izkIr fd;k tk;s blds ckjs esa crk;k gS ysfdu 'kwnzksa dks blls vyx j[kk gSA vEcsMdj mijksDr ckrksa dh xgu iM+rky djrs gq, fn[kkrs gSa fd fdl izdkj fganqRo ds n'kZu esa lkekftd rFkk èkkfeZd vlekurk feyrh gSA os fy[krs gSa&^^euq"; dks vius ikikas ls eqDr gksus ds iz;kl ls jksduk! euq"; dks bZ'oj ds lehi vkus ij jksd! fdlh Hkh cqf¼eku O;fDr dks ,sls fu;e ?k`f.kr yxus pkfg, vkSj fod`r efLr"d dh fu'kkuh yxuh pkfg,A fganw èkeZ dsoy lekurk dks udkjrk gS] ,slk ugha gS] ijarq og ekuo O;fDrRo dh ifo=krk dks Hkh udkjrk gSA ;g bldk ,d pfdr dj nsus okyk mnkgj.k gSA**2 ukedj.k&lekjksg ds fy, euqLe`fr esa fy[kk gqvk gS fd] czkã.k ds uke dk igyk Hkkx 'kqHk lwpd gksuk pkfg,] {kf=k; ds uke dk igyk Hkkx 'kfDr ls lacfèkr gks vkSj oS'; dh laifÙk ds lkFk] ijarq 'kwnz ds uke dk igyk Hkkx ,slk gks tks ?k`.kk O;Dr djsaA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj] 'kwnz dk uke mPp Hkkouk dk izrhd gks ;g euq ds fy, vlguh; FkkA D;k fganw èkeZ Lora=krk dks ekU;rk nsrk gS\ bldh iM+rky djus ds fy, vEcsMdj fganw èkeZ ds vanj lkekftd lekurk] vkfFkZd lqj{kk vkSj Kku loZlkekU; ds fy, lqyHk gS fd ugha bldh leh{kk djrs gSaA lkekftd vkSj èkkfeZd lekurk dh leh{kk mij gks pqdh gS ftlesa euq fo'ks"kkfèkdkj vkSj vlekurk ds fl¼kar dks Lohdkj djrk gSA vkfFkZd lqj{kk ds varxZr euq us euq"; ds tUe ds igys gh mldk O;olk; fuf'pr dj fn;k gSA euq dgrk gS fd 'kwnz dk tUe Å¡ps o.kks± dh lsok djus ds fy, gqvk gSA blds lkFk&gh&lkFk mlus 'kwnzksa ds laifÙk lafpr djus ij izfrcaèk yxk;k gSA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj vkfFkZd n`f"V ls 'kwnz dh fLFkfr cgqr gh lkekftd U;k; lans'k

n;uh; gSA ml le; fganw èkeZ esa Li"V ekU;rk Fkh fd osnksa ds ckgj dksbZ Kku ugha gSA mudk Kku ds vU; ekè;eksa tSls fd dyk vkSj foKku ls dksbZ eryc u FkkA ,sls esa Kku dk ,dek=k lkèku fliQZ osn gh FksA euq us 'kwnz ds osn vè;;u ij izfrcaèk yxk;k gSA mlds vuqlkj vxj 'kwnz osn dk iBu lqurk gS rks mlds dkuksa esa fi?kyrk 'kh'kk ;k yk[k Mkyh tkuh pkfg,A vxj og osnksa dk mPpkj.k djrk gS rc mldh t+cku dkV nh tk,A tc og osnksa ij viuk izHkqRo LFkkfir djus dk iz;kl djas rks mlds 'kjhj ds VqdM+s&VqdM+s dj fn;s tk,aA vEcsMdj euq ds mijksDr fu;e ds vkyksd esa dgrs gSa fd lalkj esa ,slk dksbZ Hkh lekt ugha gksxk ftlus loZlkèkkj.k dks èkeZ&xzaFkksa ds vè;;u ls P;qr fd;k gksxkA lalkj esa ,slk dksbZ Hkh lekt u gksxk ftlus turk dks Kku izkfIr ds fy, nafMr fd;k gksxkA fliQZ euq gh ,slk nSoh dkuwu cukus okyk vdsyk O;fDr gSA MkW- vEcsMdj fganqRo dks Kku dk ekè;e gksus dh ctk, vaèkdkj dk ,d fl¼kar dgrs gSaA bl izdkj og fn[kkrs gSa fd Lora=krk ds fy, ftu vko';d rRoksa dh vko';drk gksrh gS] fganw èkeZ dSls mlds foijhr gSA fganw èkeZ ds vanj caèkqRo dh fLFkfr dks tkuus ds fy, vEcsMdj èkeZ&'kkL=kksa ds bfrgkl ls fofHkUUk rF;ksa dks lkeus j[kus ds ckn mldk ewY;kadu djrs gSaA os Hkkjr esa tkfr vkSj mldh mitkfr;ksa dh la[;k ij fopkj djrs gSaA muds vuqlkj czkã.k tkfr esa mitkfr;ksa dh la[;k yxHkx 1886 gSA fliQZ iatkc esa gh lkjLor czkã.k 469 vkSj dk;LFk yksx 590 mitkfr;ksa esa caVs gSaA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj&^^tkfr O;oLFkk Jsf.k;ksa dh ,d O;oLFkk gS] ftuesa lcls Js"B vkSj lcls uhp dks NksM+dj izR;sd tkfr dh nwljh lkekftd U;k; lans'k

dqN tkfr;ksa ij izèkkurk cuh gqbZ gSA**3 tkfr&O;oLFkk ds vanj Js"Brk vkSj izèkkurk dSls fuèkkZfjr gksrh gS] bldh Hkh tk¡p vEcsMdj us dh gSA os dgrs gSa fd èkeZ izèkkurk ds vkèkkj ij vius vkidks rhu :iksa esa izdV djrk gSA izFke èkkfeZd lekjksg ds volj ij nwljk ea=kksa ds mPpkj.k }kjk vkSj rhljk iqjksfgr ds ekè;e lsA èkkfeZd lekjksg ds varxZr vxj miu;u laLdkj dks gh ys rks ge ns[krs gSa fd lHkh tkfr;ka tusm ugha igu ldrhA

tkfr&O;oLFkk ds vanj Js"Brk vkSj izèkkurk dSls fuèkkZfjr gksrh gS] bldh Hkh tk¡p MkWvEcsMdj us dh gSA os dgrs gSa fd èkeZ izèkkurk ds vkèkkj ij vius vkidks rhu :iksa esa izdV djrk gSA izFke èkkfeZd lekjksg ds volj ij nwljk ea=kksa ds mPpkj.k }kjk vkSj rhljk iqjksfgr ds ekè;e lsA bldk vFkZ ;g gqvk fd tusm èkkj.k djus okys O;fDr ls mudh fLFkfr fuEu gSA czkã.k dks vU; nks o.kks± dh vis{kk lcls mÙke dksfV ds èkkxs ls fufeZr tusm èkkj.k djus dk funs'Z k euq nsrk gSA ea=kksa ds mPpkj.k ij è;ku ns rks irk pyrk gS fd osnksDr fofèk ls ea=kksPpkj.k dk vfèkdkj euq us fliQZ czkã.kksa dks fn;k gSA ;g ckr czkã.k dh bPNk ij NksM+ fn;k x;k gS fd og fdl dk fuea=k.k Lohdkj djsaA czkã.k ftl tkfr ds èkkfeZd laLdkj esa mifLFkr 27

gksrk gS og vU; tkfr;ksa ls Js"B ekuk tkrk gSA Js"Brk ds fu;eksa dk ,d vU; ekè;e lgHkkst gS] ftlesa vartkZrh; Hkkst ij izfrcaèk yxk;k x;k gSA euq"; LoHkko ls gh ?kqearq izk.kh jgk gS blfy, budk dM+kbZ ls ikyu djuk eqf'dy FkkA D;ksafd ;g t:jh ugha gS fd lHkh LFkku ij vkidks Lotkrh; yksx gh feysa blfy, euq us blesa <hy fn;k gSA mlds vuqlkj czkã.k dqN tkfr ds yksxksa ls feV~Vh ds crZu esa] dqN tkfr;ksa ls èkkrq ds cus crZu esa vkSj dqN ls dsoy dkap ds crZu esa Hkkstu vkSj ikuh ys ldrk gSA czkã.k ftl crZu esa ml tkfr ls Hkkstu vkSj ikuh xzg.k djsxk] mlls mldh Js"Brk fuèkkZfjr gksxhA ftl tkfr ls og rsy esa cuk Hkkstu xzg.k djsxk og vU; tkfr;ksa ls Js"B ekuh tk,xhA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj blls tkfr;ksa ds chp izfrLièkkZ vkSj ?k`.kk dh Hkkouk iuirh gSA bl }s"k rFkk ?k`.kk dh Hkkouk dk iQy gS] fganw èkeZ'kkL=kksa ds varxZr ^lg;kfnz [kaM* dk jpk tkukA lg;kfnz [kaM esa tkfr;ksa dh ewy mRifÙk ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gSA blesa vU; tkfr;ksa dks dqyhu mRifÙk dk vkSj czkã.k dks lcls ?k`f.kr mRifÙk dk crk;k x;k gSA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj ,slk euq ds izfr'kksèk dh izfrfØ;k Lo:i fd;k x;k gksxkA MkW- vEcsMdj us fganqvksa ds Js"B lkfgR; ls czkã.k vkSj {kf=k;ksa ds chp gq, dbZ ;q¼ksa ds mnkgj.k fn;s gSaA buesa czkã.k vkSj jktk os.k] czkã.k vkSj {kf=k; jktk iq:jok] czkã.k vkSj jktk ugq"k] czkã.k vkSj jktk fueh] fo'okfe=k vkSj of'k"B] moZ vkSj Hk`xq rFkk dkÙkZoh;Z vkSj ij'kqjke dFkk ls czkã.kksa vkSj {kf=k;ksa ds chp gq, Hk;kud ujlagkj dk irk pyrk gSA vEcsMdj {kf=k; vkSj czkã.k ds chp gq, ;q¼ dks oxZ la?k"kZ ds :i esa ns[krs gSaA muds vuqlkj oxZ la?k"kZ dk ,slk nq[kkar bfrgkl lalkj esa dgha Hkh ugha feyrkA ij'kqjke us {kf=k;ksa dk bDdhl vxLr 2013

ckj lagkj fd;k rc ckn esa dgha tkdj czkã.kksa us mudh foèkokvksa ds lkFk laHkksx djds {kf=k;ksa dh iqul`Zf"V dhA vEcsMdj dh ekU;rk gS fd Hkkjr esa oxZ&la?k"kZ dk ,d LFkk;h LoHkko jgk gS] tks vanj gh vanj ijarq vko';d :i ls viuk dk;Z djrk jgk gSA MkW- vEcsMdj bu ?kVukvksa dks ns[kdj iz'u mBkrs gSa fd] D;k ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd fganqvksa esa caèkqRo gS\ bldk tokc os udkjkRed nsrs gSa] D;ksafd mudk Li"V ekuuk gS fd tUe] e`R;q] fookg rFkk Hkkstu vkfn ds lq[k&nq[k esa lgHkkxh cuus ls gh caèkqRo dh Hkkouk c<+rh gS ftldk fganqRo esa loZFkk vHkko gSA Hkkjr esa fo|eku csjkstxkjh ds fy, vEcsMdj tkfr&O;oLFkk dks ftEesnkj ekurs gSaA tkfr&O;oLFkk esa euq"; dks ilan ds vuqlkj O;olk; pquus dh Lora=krk ugha gSA 'kwnzksa ds fy, tks O;olk; euq us fuèkkZfjr fd;s gSa muds dkj.k lekt esa muds izfr vU; tkfr;ksa dh ?k`.kk vksj mis{kk c<+rh gh pyh tkrh gSA blds dkj.k muesa vkRe xkSjo dk Hkko lekIr gks tkrk gSA tkfr O;oLFkk us cqf¼ ls dk;Z (Je) ds lacaèk dks rksM+ fn;k gS vkSj Je ds izfr ?k`.kk dh Hkkouk iSnk dh gSA fganw èkeZ esa Je djus dk funsZ'k fliQZ 'kwnzksa dks gSA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj ,d laiw.kZ euq"; ds ikl f'k{kk rFkk ifjJe dk gksuk vko';d gS rHkh og laifÙk vftZr dj ldsxkA D;ksafd fcuk f'k{kk vkSj ifjJe ds laifÙk dk gksuk O;FkZ gS vkSj lekt ds fy, ?kkrdA nqfu;k ds nwljs ns'kksa esa lkekftd Økafr;ka rks gks xbZ ij Hkkjr esa ugha gqbZA bldk dkj.k [kkstrs gq, vEcsMdj tkfr&O;oLFkk dks ftEesnkj ekurs gSaA Hkkjrh; tkfr&O;oLFkk us mUgsa Kku foghu vkSj laifÙk foghu cuk fn;k FkkA bl rjg eqfDr dk dksbZ ekxZ u ns[kdj os viuh LFkkbZ xqykeh ls larq"V gks x;s tks mudh fu;fr cu xbZA vxLr 2013

vEcsMdj fganw èkeZ ds n'kZu dks lkekftd lq[k&'kkafr feyrh gSA ;fn 'kwnz èku dk mi;ksfxrk vkSj O;fDrxr U;k; dh dlkSVh lap; djrk gS rks og czkã.k dks nq[k ij [kjk ugha ikrsA igqapkrk gSA vEcsMdj dgrs gSa fd] tks vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj] fganw èkeZ ds ckr czkã.kksa ds n`f"Vdks.k ls mfpr gS] vkn'kZ dk dsUnz fcUnq ,d fof'k"V oxZ ogh fganw èkeZ esa uSfrd n`f"V ls lgh gSA gS] ftls czkã.k dgk tkrk gSA fganw èkeZ os euq ds mijksDr foèkkuksa ds varxZr gh esa lHkh vfèkdkj blh egkekuo dks fn;s fganw èkeZ ds n'kZu dh O;k[;k djrs gSaA x, gSaA euqLe`fr ds vuqlkj czkã.k gh fganw èkeZ ds n'kZu dh lekurk os uhR'ks lkjs o.kksZa esa Js"B gS vkSj izFke Js.kh dk ds fopkjksa ls djrs gSaA vEcsMdj uhR'ks iq:"k gSA euq us jktk dks vkns'k fn;k gS dh iqLrd ^,aVh ØkbLV* ds vkyksd esa fd og izkr% dky mBdj fo}ku czkã.kksa dgrs gSa] ^mlus Hkh euq dh ;kstuk dk dh lsok djsa vkSj muds dgs vuqlkj vuqlj.k fd;k gSSA* blds ckotwn os nksuksa dk;Z dk fu"iknu djsaA jktk dks vkfFkZd esa iQdZ djrs gq, fy[krs gSa fd ^uhRls ds egkekuo viuh ;ksX;rk ds dkj.k Hkkjr esa fo|eku csjkstxkjh egkekuo Fks tcfd euq ds egkekuo ,d ds fy, MkW- vEcsMdj [kkl oxZ ^czkã.k* FksA* czkã.k pkgs yk[k ew[kZ gks ysfdu czkã.k o.kZ esa tUe ysus lhèks tkfr&O;oLFkk dks ds dkj.k euq ds fy, og egkekuo gSA ftEesnkj ekurs gSaA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj laiw.kZ lekt ds tkfr&O;oLFkk esa euq"; fgrksa dks euq us fliQZ czkã.kksa ds fy, udkjkA uhRls vkSj euq ds egkeko dh dks ilan ds vuqlkj rqyuk djrs gq, vEcsMdj fy[krs gSa] O;olk; pquus dh Lora=krk ^^uhR'ks ds egkekuo ds n'kZu dh rqyuk ugha gSA 'kwnzksa ds fy, tks esa euq ds egkekuo dk ifrr n'kZu dgha ?k`f.kr vkSj dqfRlr gS ,slh gS O;olk; euq us fuèkkZfjr vfèkd mudh lekt O;oLFkk] ftls fganw vewY; fd;s gSa muds dkj.k ekurs gSa] vkSj ftl ij Jh xkaèkh dks xoZ lekt esa muds izfr vU; gS rFkk ftls og fganqvksa dh vksj ls fo'o 4 tkfr;ksa dh ?k`.kk vksj dks migkj&Lo:i nsuk pkgrs gSaA** vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj uhR'ks us euqLe`fr mis{kk c<+rh gh pyh dh O;k[;k djus esa xyrh dh gSA tkrh gSA njvly uhR'ks us euqLe`fr ds dqN izlaxksa dks le>us esa Hkwy dh gS] D;ksafd og raxh ds nkSj esa Hkh czkã.k dh laifÙk ugha dgrk gS fd euqLe`fr esa dqyhu oxZ] ysuh pkfg,] D;ksafd og Øksfèkr gksdj nk'kZfud rFkk ;ks¼k turk dh j{kk djrs vxj jktk dks Jki nsrk gS rks blls gSa ysfdu oLrqfLFkfr dqN vkSj gh gSA mldk ,'o;Z lekIr gks tk,xkA vxj vEcsMdj bl ckr ls drbZ lger ugh 'kwnz vxys tUe esa LoxZ izkfIr dh bPNk gSa fd euqLe`fr esa nk'kZfud] dqyhu oxZ j[krk gS rks mls czkã.kksa dh lsok djuh vkSj ;ks¼k vke turk dh j{kk djrs gSaA pkfg,A 'kwnz ds fy, czkã.k dh lsok muds vuqlkj euq ds egkekuo dks lkjs djuk gh mldk loksZÙke O;olk; gSA vfèkdkj izkIr gSa ysfdu muds drZO; blh ls iQy dh izkfIr gksrh gS rFkk dqN Hkh ugha gSaA 28

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vius mijksDr fopkjksa ds eísutj vEcsMdj ;g vPNh rjg tkurs Fks fd mu ij fHkUu fn'kkvksa ls vkØe.k gks ldrs gSaA mu ij loky mBk;k tk ldrk gS fd euqLe`fr rks fganw èkeZ dk èkeZxzaFk gS] tcfd fganqRo dk lkj rks osn vkSj Hkxor~xhrk esa gS fiQj os fganqRo ij loky D;ksa [kM+k dj jgs gSaA bldk tokc Hkh vEcsMdj us viuh iqLrd esa fn;k gSA os fy[krs gSa&^^ewy :i ls] Le`fr mu fu;eksa dk laxzg gS] ftudk laca/ lkekftd ijaijk] :f<+;ksa rFkk ekU;rkvksa ls gS vkSj ftUgsa mu yksxksa }kjk ekU;rk feyh gqbZ gS] ftUgksaus mls iqjLd`r fd;k gS] ftUgsa osnksa dk Kku gSA nh?kZ le; rd ;s fu;e] bu osnksa ds Kku&izkIr yksxksa dh Le`fr esa gh cls gq, Fks] blfy, mUgsa Le`fr dgk tkus yxk--A**5 izkjaHk esa osnksa ;k Jqfr ds tSlk egRo Le`fr dks izkIr Fkk vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj Le`fr dks osnksa ds leku egRo fnykus dk dk;Z czkã.kksa }kjk vR;ar gh pkykdh ls fd;k x;kA Jqfr vkSj Le`fr dks czãk dh nks vk¡[kksa ds :i esa lwfpr fd;k x;kA czkã.kksa }kjk ;g fl¼kUr rS;kj fd;k x;k fd ^czkã.kRo]* osn vkSj Le`fr ds la;qDr vè;;u }kjk gh izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA var esa dsoy Le`fr dks gh ekU;rk nh xbZ vkSj dgk x;k fd tks O;fDr bldh fuank djsxk og bDdhl ihf<+;kas rd jk{kl&;ksfu esa tUe ysxkA Le`fr dks czkã.kksa us pkykdh iwoZd vius fo'ks"kkfèkdkjksa ds fy, iz;ksx fd;kA blls tkfr O;oLFkk dks cy feyk] ftlds iQyL:i czkã.kksa dh Js"Brk LFkkfir gks xbZ vkSj 'kwnz dh fLFkfr fnu&izfrfnu fuEu gksrh pyh xbZA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj dqN yksx ;g dg ldrs gSa fd euqLe`fr dkuwu dh iqLrd gS vkSj og uSfrd vkpkj laafgrk lkekftd U;k; lans'k

ugha gSA blds tokc esa vEcsMdj fy[krs gSa fd] fganw èkeZ esa dkuwu] n'kZu vkSj uSfrd n'kZu esa dksbZ Hksn ugha gS] D;ksafd O;fDrxr foosd cqf¼ ls fu;af=kr vkpj.k ds fy, blesa dksbZ txg ugha gSA blfy, fganw èkeZ esa tks ckr oSèkkfud gS] ogh ckr uSfrd Hkh gSA vEcsMdj ds vuqlkj Le`fr] osn vkSj Hkxor~xhrk ds lkj esa T;knk iQdZ ugha gSA ½Xosn ds n'ke eaMy esa 'kwnzksa dk mYys[k iq:"k lwDr esa gqvk gS ftlesa pkrqoZ.;Z ds fl¼kar dk çfriknu fd;k x;k gSA blds vykok blesa ;g Hkh çfrikfnr

MkW- vEcsMdj ds eqrkfcd lPpk èkeZ gesa lR; ls çse djus dh çsj.kk nsrk gSAa os ekurs gSa fd] euq us èkeZ ds uke ij tks dyafdr f'k{kk nh gS mls u"V djus ds fy, fganw uhfr 'kkL=k vkSj mifu"kn~ egÙoghu lkfcr gq,A blfy, MkW- vEcsMdj fganw èkeZ dks vlekurk dk i;kZ; ekurs gSAa fd;k x;k gS fd pkjksa o.kks± esa lacaèk vlekurk ds vkèkkj ij gksus pkfg,A Hkxor~xhrk ls vEcsMdj mnkgj.k nsdj fn[kkrs gSa fd] blesa Hkh vlekurk dk leFkZu gSA d`".k us Hkxor~xhrk esa dgk gS fd pkrqoZ.;Z dh jpuk eSaus dh gSA blesa dgk x;k gS fd Lo;a ds o.kZ dk O;olk; djus esa gh lq[k gS pkgs blds fy, e`R;q Hkh D;ksa u gks tk,A ;q¼&Hkwfe esa vtqZu dks f'k{kk nsrs gq, d`".k dgrs gSa fd] tc Hkh èkeZ (pkrqoZ.;Z) dh gkfu gksxh rc eSa Lo;a tUe ysdj mudks 29

nafMr d:¡xk tks blds fy, ftEesnkj gksaxs vkSj bl èkeZ dh iquLFkkZiuk esjs }kjk gksxhA fganw èkeZ ds dbZ lqèkkjdksa us viuh i{kflf¼ ds fy, xhrk dh O;k[;k dh gSA xkaèkh us Hkh vuklfDr&;ksx ds uke ls xhrk dh O;k[;k dh gSA ftl xhrk dks fganw vius èkeZ dk vafre vk[;ku ekurs gSa] mlh ds lacaèk esa vEcsMdj fy[krs gSa ^^----tgk¡ rd euqLe`fr] osn rFkk Hkxor~xhrk ds lkj dk lacaèk gS] ;s lHkh ,d gh uewus ij cqus gq, gSaA bu lHkh ds Hkhrj ,d gh çdkj dk èkkxk pyrk gS vkSj okLro esa ;g lHkh ,d gh oL=k ds fgLls gSaA**6 mudh ekU;rk gS fd] osn rFkk Hkxor~xhrk esa ,d loZlkèkkj.k fl¼kar dk çfriknu gS] tcfd euqLe`fr esa mu fl¼karksa dh O;k[;k dh xbZ gSA mifu"kn ij fopkj djrs gq, MkW- vEcsMdj mlesa vè;kReokn vkSj èkeZ dk vHksn ikrs gSaA muds vuqlkj mifu"kn~ ds jpukdkj lR; dks tkuus dk gh mins'k nsrs jgsA MkW-vEcsMdj ds eqrkfcd lPpk èkeZ gesa lR; ls çse djus dh çsj.kk nsrk gSaA os ekurs gSa fd] euq us èkeZ ds uke ij tks dyafdr f'k{kk nh gS mls u"V djus ds fy, fganw uhfr 'kkL=k vkSj mifu"kn~ egÙoghu lkfcr gq,A blfy, MkW-vEcsMdj fganw èkeZ dks vlekurk dk i;kZ; ekurs gaSA lanHkZ& 1- MkW- vEcsMdj laiw.kZ okM~-e;] [kaM 6 MkW- vEcsMdj izfr"Bku] 15 tuiFk] ubZ fnYyh] i`- 39 2- ogh] i`- 57 3- ogh] i`- 68 4- ogh i`- 155 5- ogh] i`- 102 6- ogh] i`- 106 (ys[kd fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds ';ke yky dkWyt s esa rnFkZ lgk;d izkis Qslj gS)a

vxLr 2013

MkW- vEcsMdj dk L=kh fparu vfurk Hkkjrh

ekt us fdruh çxfr dh gS bls eSa nfyr L=kh dh çxfr ls ekirk gwa]* tSlh xaHkhj vkSj fopkjksÙkstd o fL=k;ksa ds ?kksj i{k esa dh xbZ fVIi.kh ds fVIi.khdkj MkW- vEcsMdj }kjk fL=k;ksa ds i{k esa fd, x, dk;ksaZ dk vDlj mijh rkSj ij nfyr ,oa xSj nfyr lkfgR;dkjksa }kjk dsoy o.kZu ek=k dj fn;k tkrk gS] ijUrq muesa ;g xaHkhj L=kh psruk dgka ls vkbZ muds thou ds bl lcls egRoiw.kZ igyw dks ppkZ jfgr NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA MkW- vEcsMdj ds lEiw.kZ thou n'kZu ij ckr djsa rks ;g vfr'k;ksfDr iw.kZ dFku ugha ekuk tk ldrk gS fd L=kh vkSj nfyr L=kh muds O;fDrRo o muds n'kZu dk vfeV fgLlk gS vkSj ;g L=kh psruk muds ifjokj] muds vklikl o fons'k esa fd, muds vè;;u o rjg&rjg ds vkUnksyuksa esa tqM+us ls vkbZA fuLlansg muds L=kh n'kZu ds fodflr gksus dk ewyk/kj ifjokj dh efgykvksa dh muds Åij iM+us okyh vfeV Nki Hkh gSA MkW- vEcsMdj tc ek=k N% o"kZ ds Fks rc mudh eka xqtj xbZA eka ds vHkko esa dVs fnu muds eu esa L=kh txr ds fy, ges'kk&ges'kk ds fy, egRoiw.kZ LFkku cuk x,A eka dh e`R;q ds ckn ckyd Hkhejko dk ikyu&iks"k.k mudh viax cqvk us cMs+ euks;ksx ls fd;kA gkykafd og 'kkjhfjd vixark ds pyrs ?kj dk dqN Hkh dke ugha dj ldrh Fkh] ij ckyd Hkhejko dks I;kj ls xksn esa fNikdj og mls Hkjiwj nqykj rks nsrh gh FkhA tks FkksM+h vxLr 2013

cgqr eka dh eerk dh deh jgh Hkh rks ckyd Hkhejko dh nksukas cM+h 'kknh&'kqnk cgus rqylh vkSj eatqyk us iwjh dhA Hkhejko dh cqvk 'kjhj ls ckSus dn dh gksus ds lkFk mudh ihB ij cM+k lk dwcM+ Hkh FkkA (lkekftd U;k; ds iqjLdrkZ MkW- Hkhejko vEcsMdj&MkWc`tyky oekZ ist- 12) ml le; ,slh dU;k ds fookg gksus dh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk ldrh FkhA vr% ckyd Hkhejko vfookfgr cqvk ds I;kj Hkjs lkfuè; esa iysA 'kknh&'kqnk cgus eatqyk vkSj rqylh nksuksa ckjh&ckjh ls ?kj vkdj x`gLFkh ds lkFk ckyd vkuUnjko vkSj Hkhejko dk ikyu djrh FkhA cM+h cgu rqylh vkSj ckyd Hkhejko ds thou dh cky dkVus dh ?kVuk dk o.kZu vusd iqLrdksa esa feyrk gSA cpiu esa ,d ckj Hkhejko vkSj vkuUnjko tc cky dVkus ukbZ ds ikl x, rks ukbZ us muds cky dkVus ls badkj dj fn;kA rc nksuksa HkkbZ vR;Ur nq[kh gks vka[kksa esa vklaw Hkj ?kj ykSVsA cM+h cgu rqylh us Hkhejko dks <+ka<+l ca/krs gq, dgk&Hkhok! rw rks cgqr cgknqj gSA bl rjg D;ksa jksrk gS\ rw fpUrk er dj] eaS rsjs cky dkVs nsrh gwaA bruk dgrs gq, rqylh us Hkhok dks ,d pcwrjs ij fcBk dSaph ls mlds cky dkVsA (lfp=k Hkhe thouh i`"B 8 jpukdkj 'kkfUr Lo:i ckS¼)A Hkhejko cpiu esa viuh cqvk ds lkFk gh lksrs Fks] os viuh cqvk ls lk;s dh rjg fpids jgrs FksA m/j Hkhejko dh i<+kbZ ds c<+rs [kpsZ ds pyrs firk ckj&ckj 30

viuh csfV;ksa dks ngst esa fn;s xguksa dks fxjoh j[k tSls rSls Hkhejko dh i<+kbZ djok jgs FksA bruk gh ugh] viuh iqf=k;ksa ds tsoj tks mUgksaus fookg esa fn;s Fks ysdj fxjoh j[k nsrs vkSj ml iSls ls Hkhe ds fy, iqLrd [kjhnrsA isa'ku feyus ij os /hjs&/hjs lkjk iSlk iqf=k;ksa dks okil dj nsrsA (lkekftd U;k; ds iqjLdrkZ % MkW- Hkhejko vEcsMdj&MkW- c`tyky oekZ ist- 20) cguksa vkSj cqvk ds I;kj us ckyd Hkhejko dks ges'kk ds fy, fL=k;ksa dk ennxkj cukus esa enn dhA Hkhejko vEcsMdj cpiu ls ysdj vius lEiw.kZ thou Hkj ukjh tkfr dh vnE; fgEer] lkgl] cgknqjh] R;kx] cfynku] lsok] deZBrk ls jkst&jkst :c: gksrs jgsA ?kj esa viuh cscl cqvk dks ns[kk Fkk ftldh mldh viaxrk ds dkj.k fookg u gks ldk FkkA os muds nq[kksa ls okfdiQ FksA lkekftd U;k; lans'k

ckn esa vius nkEiR; thou esa iRuh jekckbZ ds vlguh; nq[kksa vkSj d"Vksa dks Hkh vuqHko fd;kA ikl&iM+ksl esa] xyh cLrh vkSj ns'k esa txg&txg ?kwers gq, mUgksaus fL=k;ksa dh nqnZ'kk ns[kh Fkh blfy, cpiu ls gh tkfrokn ds f[kykiQ yM+us ds lkFk&lkFk muds eu esa fL=k;ksa ds fgr muds ikfjokfjd] lkekftd o /kfeZd 'kks"k.k ds f[kykiQ yM+us dh Hkkouk tkx pqdh FkhA MkW- vEcsMdj ds L=kh fparu dks ç[kj cukus esa lcls vf/d ;ksxnku vxj fdlh dk dgk tk ldrk gS rks og uke muds firk] cqvk vkSj cguksa ds ckn dsoy mudh iRuh jekckbZ dk gh vk ldrk gSA vDlj nfyr ys[kd ckcklkgsc dk thou o.kZu djrs le;] muds la?k"kksaZ dks crkrs le;] mudks Hkhejko ls ckcklkgsc cukus okyh jekckbZ ds ;ksxnku dh ppkZ djuk Hkwy tkrs gSaA jekckbZ nfyrksa ds egkuk;d MkW- vEcsMdj uked fo'kky o`{k dh etcwr tM+ Fkh] tks vka/h rwiQkuksa ls Hkjs la?k"kZ iw.kZ fnuksa esa mUgsa vfopy :i ls Fkkesa etcwrh ls [kM+h jghA jekckbZ ds ewd cfynku us nfyr vkUnksyu esa jDr çokg dk dk;Z fd;k gSA jekckbZ vkSj MkWvEcsMdj dk thou vkn'kZ nkEiR; thou rks ugha ij le>nkj ifr&iRuh dk thou rks vo'; gh dgk tk ldrk gSA MkWvEcsMdj ds i<+us dh {kq/k dks vius [kwu ilhus ls ,d dj] jkr&fnu dek dj] ,dkadh thou thrs gq,] miys ikFkrs gq,] jkr&fnu ?kj esa [kVrs gq, og jekckbZ gh Fkh ftlus MkW- vEcsMdj ds vUnj Kku dh dHkh u feVus okyh I;kl dks / kukHkko ds dkj.k cq>us ughas fn;kA ftl le; jekckbZ dk fookg gqvk ml le; jekckbZ dks i<+uk ugha vkrk FkkA MkWvEcsMdj us ftl rYyhurk ls jekckbZ dks i<+k;k] jekckbZ us Hkh mruh gh yxu vkSj bZekunkjh ls i<+uk&fy[kuk lh[kkA cgqr de yksx tkurs gSa fd ckcklkgsc tc fons'k esa gksrs Fks rks jekckbZ mudks cjkcj lkekftd U;k; lans'k

i=k fy[kk djrh Fkh vkSj MkW- vEcsMdj Hkh mudks i<+kbZ dh Hkkjh O;Lrrk vkSj èkukHkko ds ckotwn mUgsa rqjUr mÙkj fn;k djrs FksA jekckbZ vius vFkd ç;klksa ,oa ifjJe ls MkW- vEcsMdj ds eqfDr la?k"kZ esa tqM+h jghA vf/drj yksx ;g le>rs gS fd og dsoy vkKkdkjh ifrozrk L=kh vkSj dq'ky ifjokj pkyd Fkh ijUrq muds

Hkkjrh; L=kh dh fLFkfr esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu dSls vk;sA ;g Økafrdkjh ifjorZu ifjokj rFkk lekt esa ukjh dks fo'ks"kkf/dkj nsdj gh fd;k tk ldrk FkkA MkWvEcsMdj dk ekuuk Fkk fd L=kh rFkk lekt dh mUufr] f'k{kk ds fcuk ugha gks ldrhA lqUnj vkSj lqf'kf{kr o lH; ifjokj ds fy, vko';d gS fd iq:"kksa ds lkFk&lkFk ?kj dh fL=k;ka Hkh i<+h fy[kh gkas rkfd os lekt ifjorZu dh çfØ;k esa 'kkfey gks ldsA

lykg fn;k djrh Fkh o MkW- vEcsMdj mUgsa nfyr lekt dh lHkkvksa vkSj [kkldj nfyr efgykvksa dh lHkk esa vo'; ys tk;k djrs FksA 29 tuojh 1928 eqacbZ esa jekckbZ dks nfyr efgyk dh ifj"kn~ esa vè;{k in ds fy, pquk x;k vkSj mUgkasus vè;{k ds in dks cM+h c[kwch ls laHkkykA nfyr oxZ dh cSBdksa esa jekckbZ] tc MkWvEcsMdj ds lkFk tkrh rks cSBdksa esa vk, nfyr L=kh&iq:"kksa dk mRlkg nqxquk gks tkrkA bl ifjorZu dks MkW- vEcsMdj Hkh eglwl djrs FksA pkonkj rkykc ;kfu egkM+ lR;kxzg ds ckn lkSHkkX; lglz cqf¼ vkSj jekckbZ vEcsMdj us lo.kZ fL=k;ksa dh rjg nfyr efgykvksa dks lkM+h cka/uk fl[kk;k FkkA

MkW- vEcsMdj tc fons'k esa i<+us x, rks ogka ds LorU=k thou esa mUgkasus fL=k;ksa dks pgqaeq[kh fodkl djrs ns[kk rks mUgas le> esa vk;k fd L=kh f'k{kk ds fcuk dksbZ Hkh çxfr v/wjh gSA fons'k esa gksrs gq, ogka dh fL=k;ksa dks LorU=krkiwod Z thou thrs gq,] fparu&euu djrs gq,] mudh çxfr ns[k mudh L=kh psruk dks èkkj feyhA 1913 esa U;w;kdZ esa i<+rs gq,] MkW- vEcsMdj us vius firk ds fe=k dks tokc nsrs gq, i=k esa fy[kk ^;g xyr gS fd eka&cki cPpksa dks tUe nsrs gaS deZ ugha nsrsA eka&cki cPpksa ds thou dks mfpr eksM+ ns ldrs gS] ;g ckr vius eu ij vafdr dj ;fn ge yksx vius yM+dksa dh f'k{kk ds lkFk gh yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk ds fy, Hkh ç;kl djsa rks gekjs lekt dh mUufr rhoz gksxhA ^blfy, vkidks utnhdh fj'rsnkjksa esa ;g fopkj rsth ls iQSykuk pkfg,A* (/uat; dhj dh iqLrd ^MkWckjs esa cgqr de yksx ;s tkurs gSa fd vEcsMdj&ykbZiQ ,.M fe'ku* ls m¼`r) mUgkasus MkW- vEcsMdj ds lkFk nfyr vkUnksyu rFkk nfyr fgrksa ds fy, da/s ifjokj esa nfyr efgykvksa dh fLFkfr ls da/k feykdj dke fd;kA jekckbZ dSlh gks\ vDlj MkW- vEcsMdj }kjk fd, tk jgs MkW- vEcsMdj ,dek=k ,sls fo'oLrjh; dk;ks± ij ckrphr djrh o viuh mfpr fpard gSa] ftUgkasus ifjokj vkSj lekt esa 31

vxLr 2013

L=kh dh fLFkfr dSlh gks] bl ij xgu fparu&euu fd;kA iq:"kksa ds lkFk L=kh dks Hkh lekurk o Lora=krk feys] mls lkekftd vktknh ds lkFk vkfFkZd vktknh Hkh çkIr gks] ifjokj esa mldk ntkZ iq:"k ds leku gks] blds fy, mUgkasus nfyr xSj nfyr fL=k;ksa dks lekt ifjorZu ds vkUnksyu esa lfØ; :i ls tqM+us dk vkâoku fd;kA nksuksa txr ;kfu ?kj vkSj lekt esa ukjh dh ghurj fLFkfr dks ns[kdj mUgksaus bl fo"k; ij [kwc lkspk fd Hkkjrh; L=kh dh fLFkfr esa Økafrdkjh ifjorZu dSls vk;sA ;g Økafrdkjh ifjorZu ifjokj rFkk lekt esa ukjh dks fo'ks"kkfèkdkj nsdj gh fd;k tk ldrk FkkA MkWvEcsMdj dk ekuuk Fkk fd L=kh rFkk lekt dh mUufr] f'k{kk ds fcuk ugha gks ldrhA lqUnj vkSj lqf'kf{kr o lH; ifjokj ds fy, vko';d gS fd iq:"kksa ds lkFk&lkFk ?kj dh fL=k;ka Hkh i<+h fy[kh gkas rkfd os lekt ifjorZu dh çfØ;k esa 'kkfey gks ldsA lekt ds ifjorZu }kjk gh fL=k;ksa dh eqfDr lEHko gSA MkW- vEcsMdj dk vuqHko txr ns'k&fons'k nksuksa FkkA nksukas txr esa fL=k;ksa us fdruh çxfr dh bldh rqyuk djus ij og tehu vkleku dk vUrj ikrs FksA fons'kksa esa mUgksaus fL=k;ksa dks LoLFk okrkoj.k esa i<+rs&fy[krs o mldh çfrHkk dks fodflr gksrs ns[kk Fkk] ijUrq Hkkjr esa fgUnw L=kh vusd çdkj dh :f<+;ksa] vUèkfo'oklksa o lkekftd cU/uksa esa tdM+h FkhA vkSj fgUnw L=kh esa nfyr L=kh dh gkyr rks vkSj Hkh 'kkspuh; FkhA ?kj vkSj lekt esa mudk ekufld] 'kkjhfjd] vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k gksrk FkkA nfyr L=kh ds fy, mldk ifjokj fdlh ujd ls de ugha FkkA nfyr ifjokjksa esa L=kh f'k{kk ukeek=k ds fy, Hkh ugha FkhA mUgkasus fons'k esa f'kf{kr o [kq'kgky L=kh dks ns[kk rks mUgsa mudh [kq'kgkyh dk egRo f'k{kk esa fufgr utj vk;kA MkW- vEcsMdj dks vxLr 2013

fo'okl Fkk fd f'kf{kr gksdj gh L=kh vius vf/kdkjksa dks Nhu ldrh gSA MkWvEcsMdj dk ekuuk Fkk fd ifjokj esa L=kh f'k{kk gh okLrfod çxfr dh /qjh gSA ftl ?kj esa i<+h fy[kh L=kh o eka gks ml ?kj ds cPpksa dk Hkfo"; vius vki mTtoy gks tkrk gSA L=kh f'k{kk dks MkWvEcsMdj egRo nsrs gq, dgrs gaS vxj ?kj esa ,d iq:"k i<+rk gS rks dsoy ogh i<+rk gS vkSj ;fn ?kj esa L=kh i<+rh gS rks iwjk ifjokj i<+rk gSA MkW- vEcsMdj us Hkkjrh; lkfgR; esa çkphu ls ysdj vkèkqfud lkfgR; ds lkFk&lkFk fons'kh lkfgR; dk Hkh vPNh çdkj ls vè;;u euu fd;k FkkA lkfgR; vè;;u ds nkSjku f'kf{kr o Lora=k fL=k;ksa ds mnkgj.k ds :i esa muds lkeus cq¼ dh Fksfj;ksa ls ysdj lkfo=kh ckbZ iQwys o mudh dbZ efgyk fe=k Fkha ftUgkasus i<+&fy[k dj lekt ifjorZu ds fy, dke fd;kA blfy, og nfyr L=kh dks f'kf{kr djus ds fy, çfrc¼ FksA ifjokj esa vkSjr dh fLFkfr lqn`<+ djus ds fy, MkW- vEcsMdj us f'k{kk ds egRo ds lkFk&lkFk lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa tSls cky fookg] cgq&ifRuokn] nsonklh çFkk vkfn ds f[kykiQ Hkh viuh tulHkkvksa esa ckr j[khA ifjokj esa yM+dh&yM+ds dk ikyu&iks"k.k leku :i ls gksuk pkfg,A mUgksaus nfyr ifjokjksa ls vuqjks/ fd;k fd os vius cPpksa dh [kkldj yM+fd;ksa dh 'kknh cpiu esa uk djsaA ^ikyd viuh larku dh 'kknh de mez esa djds muds thou dks ujd uk cuk,aA* MkW- vEcsMdj us fookg tSls loky ij Hkh ckrphr dhA ^iRuh dSlh gksuh pkfg, bl ckjsa esa iq:"kksa dk fopkj tkuk tkrk gSA oSls gh ifr dSlk gks bl ckjsa esa iRuh dk eu tku ysuk t:jh gSA L=kh ,d O;fDr gS vkSj mls Hkh O;fDr Lora=krk dh lqfo/k gksuh pkfg,A (èkuat; dhj dh iqLrd MkW- vEcsMdj&ykbZiQ ,.M fe'ku ls) MkW- vEcsMdj Hkkjrh; 32

ifjokjksa esa yM+fd;ksa dh lqn`<+ fLFkfr pkgrs FksA ifjokj esa yM+ds&yM+fd;ksa dk lgh çdkj ls ikyu rHkh gks ldrk Fkk tcfd ifjokj esa cPps de gkasA Hkkjro"kZ esa [kq'kgky ifjokj ds fy, çpfyr ifjokj fu;kstu dk ukjk vktknh ds ckn dk gS ijUrq ckcklkgsc us L=kh ds lanHkZ esa ifjokj fu;kstu ds iQk;ns cgqr igys gh ns[k fy, FksA os ;s Hkh tkurs Fks fd bl lc ds fy, ns'k ds ;qok oxZ dks le>us o mldks lkFk ysus ls gh ifjokj dks [kq'kgky cuk;k tk ldrk gS blfy, mUgksaus 1938 esa fon~;kfFkZ;ksa dh ,d lHkk esa cksyrs gq, dgk ^ifjokj fu;kstu dh tckonkjh L=kh iq:"k nksukas dh gksrh gS ^cPpksa dk ykyu&ikyu ge vPNh rjg dj ldrs gSaA de larku gksus ij fL=k;ka viuh 'kfDr ckdh dkeksa esa yxk ldrh gSaA* /uat; dhj dh iqLrd lss fL=k;ksa dh lekurk vkSj Lora=krk ds lanHkZ esa MkWvEcsMdj ckdh fpardksa o lekt lqèkkjdksa ls dkiQh vkxs dh le> j[krs FksA vU; lekt lq/kjd tgka ukjh f'k{kk dks ifjokj dh mUufr o vkn'kZ ekr`Ro dks laHkkyus ;k ukjh dh fL=k;ksafpr xq.kksa ds dkj.k gh mldh mi;ksfxrk ij cy nsrs Fks ijUrq ukjh Hkh euq"; gS mlds Hkh vU; euq";ksa ds leku vf/dkj gS bl ckr dks Lohdkj djus esa fgpfdpkrs FksA mldh bl ekuoh; xfjek dks loZçFker% vk/qfud ;qx esa MkW- vEcsMdj us gh LFkkfir fd;kA os pkgrs Fks fd iRuh dh fLFkfr ?kj esa nklh tSlh uk gksdj mldh gSfl;r cjkcjh dh gksA mUgksaus yM+dksa ds leku yM+fd;ksa dks i<+kus ds lkFk&lkFk mldk fookg Hkh mfpr mez esa gks] bl ij ckj&ckj tksj fn;kA bl fo"k; ij cksyrs gq, MkW- vEcsMdj dgrs gSa ^'kknh ,d egRoiw.kZ tokcnkjh gSA 'kknh djus okyh gj vkSjr dks mlds i{k esa [kM+k jguk pkfg, ysfdu mldks nklh ugha cfYd cjkcjh ds ukrs ;k fe=k ds rkSj ijA ;fn lkekftd U;k; lans'k

,slk djksxh rks vius lkFk lekt dk Hkh vH;qn; djksxh vkSj viuk lEeku c<+kvksxhA bl gsrq lHkh fL=k;ksa dks iq:"k ds cjkcj fgLlsnkjh dj [kqn dks 'kkld dh tekr cukus gsrq ç;kl djuk pkfg,A (/uat; dhj dh iqLrd MkW- vEcsMdj& ykbZiQ ,.M fe'ku ls) MkW- vEcsMdj efgykvksa dks mldh lekt }kjk nh xbZ Hkwfedk,a eka] iRuh] cgu ,oa mlds fL=k;ksfpr xq.kksa ls) brj mldks iw.kZ LorU=k] LoLFk ,oa çxfr'khy deZB ekuoh ds :i esa ns[krs FksA muds thou n'kZu esa fufgr LoLFk iziQqfYyr f'kf{kr] lekftd ljksdkjksa esa Hkkxhnkj nfyr vkSj xSj nfyr L=kh vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ LFkku ij LFkkfir FkhA nfyr efgyk vEcsMdj

dkjoka

vkSj

MkW-

MkW- vEcsMdj dk dky nfyr efgykvksa dh viuh o lekt dh LorU=krk lekurk dks ysdj dh xbZ lfØ; o la?k"kZiw.kZ Hkkxhnkjh dk Lo.kZ dky gSA MWk- vEcsMdj ds le; esa pys nfyr vkUnksyu esa yk[kksa&yk[k f'kf{kr&vf'kf{kr] ?kjsyw] xjhc etnwj fdlku nfyr 'kksf"kr efgyk,a tqM+hA mUgkasus ftl fuHkhZdrk csckdh vkSj mRlkg ls nfyr vkUnksyu esa Hkkxhnkjh fuHkkbZ og vHkwriwoZ FkhA nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu vkSj MkW- vEcsMdj ds lkFk efgyk vkUnksyu dh lqlaxr 'kq:vkr 1920 ls eku ldrs gSa gkykafd lqxcqxkgV lu~ 1913 ls gh gks xbZ FkhA 1920 esa Hkkjrh; cfg"d`r ifj"kn dh lHkk dksYgkiqj ujs'k N=kifr 'kkgw th egkjkt dh vè;{krk esa lEiUu gqbZA bl lHkk esa igyh ckj nfyr efgykvksa us Hkkx ysdj viuh lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA igyh ckj nfyr fL=k;ksa us f'k{kk ds egRo dks le>rs gq, bl lHkk esa lkS- rqylkckbZ culksMs vkSj :def.k ckbZ us ?kjsyw Hkk"kk esa yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk ij ckr j[kh mUgksaus lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vius fopkj j[krs gq, dgk fd yM+fd;ksa dh vlyh 'kfDr f'k{kk gh gSA bl ifj"kn esa yM+fd;ksa ds fy, vfuok;Z vkSj eqÝr f'k{kk dk çLrko ikfjr fd;k x;kA ns'k Hkj esa py jgs nfyr vkUnksyu ds lkFk nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu Hkh viuk vkdkj ys jgk FkkA 1920 ls vkjEHk gq, nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu esa nfyr efgykvksa dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh c<+rh tk jgh FkhA 20 tqykbZ 1924 dks eqcabZ esa cfg"d`r fgrdkfj.kh lHkk dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA bl lHkk dh LFkkiuk dk eq[; mís'; vLi`';rk ds f[kykiQ tax NsM+us ds vykok nfyr cfLr;ksa esa Ldwy o Nk=kkokl [kksyus lEcU/h ç;kl dj nfyr lekt esa tkx`fr o psruk iSnk djuk FkkA cfg"d`r fgrdkfj.kh lHkk dh vf/la[; lHkk,a tks txg&txg xkao] nsgkrksa esa vk;ksftr dh tkrh Fkh muesa nfyr efgyk,a yxkrkj mifLFkr jgrh FkhaA bl le; nfyr efgyk,a vius lekt vkSj ifjokj tfur ihM+k dks lkoZtfud :i ls vfHkO;Dr dj jgh FkhaA ij mudh vfHkO;fDr vfèkdrj xkuksa o Lokxr xku ds :i esa gh gksrh FkhA cfg"d`r fgrdkfj.kh lHkk dh ehfVaxks esa os.kqckbZ HkVdj vkSj jaxckbZ 'kqHkjdj vius e/qj daB ls nfyr ihM+k dh èkkfeZd vkSj la?k"kZiw.kZ vfHkO;fDr dks xhrksa esa <kydj eueksgd Loj esa xkdj lcdk eu eksg ysrh FkhaA 1924 esa gh ,d vR;Ur ØkfUrdkjh ?kVuk ?kVh ftlus nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu dh lfØ;rk ,oa mlds fopkjkRed i{k dks mHkkjus dk Hkjiwj ekSdk fn;kA og Økafrdkjh ?kVuk Fkh ,d nfyr efgyk }kjk nfyr cfPp;ksa ds fy, fo|ky; LFkkfir djukA mPp f'kf{kr nfyr efgyk tkbZckbZ pkS/jh tks ckn esa l'kDr nfyr efgyk usrk ds LFkkfir gqbZA mUgksaus 1924 esa pks[kk esyk dU;k ikB'kkyk vkjEHk dhA 33

tkbZckbZ pkS/jh Loa; cgqr gh eqlhcrksa ls i<+&fy[k ikbZ FkhaA tkbZckbZ pkS/jh ?kj o lekt dk rhoz fojks/ lgdj f'kf{kdk cuh FkhA tkbZckbZ pkS/jh f'kf{kdk ds lkFk&lkFk ,d tkx:d ysf[kdk ,ao vPNh oDrk Hkh FkhA tkbZckbZ pkS/jh ckcklkgsc ds f'k{kkvksa ls çHkkfor mudh iDdh vuq;k;h FkhA tkbZckbZ pkS/jh us L=kh f'k{kk dks vR;f/d egRoiw.kZ ekurs gq, loZçFke ukjh dks f'kf{kr djus ij cy fn;kA tkbZckbZ pkS/jh ds vFkd ç;klksa ls nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu dh ekyk esa la?k"kZ dk ,d eksrh vkSj tqM+ x;kA 23&24 iQjojh 1924 esa gh eksgik esa ^eè;çkUr] ojkM egkj ifj"kn* vk;ksftr dh xbZA ^bl lHkk esa ,d czkã.k oDrk us dgk fd egkjksa dks dVk gqvk ekal ugh a[kkuk pkfg, ijUrq mudk e`r ekal [kkus esa dksbZ gtZ ugha gSA ^czkã.k oDrk dh bl ckr ij os.kqckbZ HkVdj vksj jxaqckbZ 'kqHkjdj us [kwc /qukbZ dhA* (vkEgh bfrgkl ?kM+oyk& mfeZyk iokj] ehuk{kh ewu) efgykvksa dh bl lHkk esa ;g ç.k fy;k x;k fd vc vLi`'; yksx fgUnqvksa ij fuHkZj ugha jgsaxsa vkSj viuh eqfDr ds jkLrs [kqn [kkstsaxsA bl lHkk ds vkf[kj esa nks çLrko ikfjr fd, x, igyk ;g fd vLi`';rk ds f[kykiQ ljdkjh dk;Zokgh gksuh pkfg,A nwljk ljdkj dk è;ku f'k{kk dh vkSj [khapuk pkfg,A 1920 ls 1924 rd nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu viuh eaFkj xfr ls pyrk gqvk L=kh f'k{kk vkSj vLi`';rk ds eqís ij lekt dk è;ku [khaprk jgkA 1927 dk lky nfyr vkUnksyu ds lkFk&lkFk nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu ds fy, Hkh vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ gSA lu~ 1927 ds vUr esa ckcklkgsc }kjk pyk;s x, egkM+ lR;kxzg dh ifj.kfr ^euqLe`fr ngu* vkSj ^pkonkj rkykc dk ikuh ihus* ls gqbZA igyh ?kVuk ikuh] ftlds fy, nfyr fL=k;ka jkst&jkst vxLr 2013

csbTtrh lgrh Fkh] nwljs euqLe`fr ftlds dkj.k L=kh dk thou ujd gks x;k Fkk] ikuh dk nfyr efgykvksa }kjk mi;ksx gksuk] o euq ds fo/ku dks tyk;k tkuk bu nksuksa ?kVukvksa us nfyr efgykvksa ds ekufld] oSpkfjd] ckSf¼d vkSj lkekftd :i esa mlds thou dh dk;kiyV gh dj nhA euqLe`fr ngu ds dkj.k ,d rks ckcklkgsc fL=k;ksa ds lcls cM+s fgrS"kh dgyk,A nwljs os fgrS"kh gksus ds lkFk &lkFk nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu ds oSpkfjd egkuk;d dh inoh ij ges'kk&ges'kk ds fy, vklhu gks x,A nfyr L=kh vc eapksa ij [kqydj cksyus yxhA og Lora=krk ls lkspus yxhA lHkkvksa esa nfyr efgykvksa dh c<+rh Hkkxhnkjh ls MkW- vEcsMdj }kjk pyk,a tk jgs nfyr vkUnksyu dks rkdr feyh vkSj mlesa rsth vk xbZA nfyr efgyk,a vkSj mudh usf=k;ka xyh&xyh xkao&xkao ?kwers gq, lHkk,a ysus yxh vkSj nfyr efgykvksa dks lkekftd] jktuSfrd o vkfFkZd :i ls laxfBr djus yxhA 25 fnlEcj 1927 dks pkonkj rykc ds egkM+ lR;kxzg ds ,sfrgkfld lEesyu esa <kbZ gtkj nfyr vkSjrksa us ^euqLe`fr ngu* esa 'kkfey gksdj fgUnw /eZ ds L=kh fojks/h dkuwu dks ekuus ls badkj dj fn;kA blh lHkk esa nfyr efgykvksa dhs Hkkjh la[;k esa mifLFkfr ns[kdj MkWvEcsMdj us muds i{k esa viuk ,sfrgkfld Hkk"k.k fn;kA ckcklkgsc us dgk ^^fL=k;ksa dks x`gy{eh gh D;ksa gksuk pkfg,\ eu esa Åaph egRodka{kk j[kksA Kku vkSj fo|k ij dsoy iq:"kksa dk gh vf/dkj ugha gS] og fL=k;ksa ds fy, Hkh vfr vko';d gSA ;fn rqEgsa vkxs dh iq'rs lq/kjuh gS rks rqEgas yM+dksa ds lkFk&lkFk yM+fd;ksa dks Hkh f'k{kk nsuh gksxhA ?kj esa ifr vxj ejs gq, tkuoj dk ekal yk, rks mlls dgks fd ;s lc esjs ?kj esa ugha pysxkA xys esa bruh otuh ekyk,a vkSj gkFkksa esa dksguh rd ds dM+s vkSj daxu ;g lc rqEgsa vxLr 2013

vLi`'; djds igpkuus dh fu'kkuh gSA (/uat; dhj dh iqLrd MkW- vEcsMdj& ykbZiQ ,.M fe'ku ls) bl ,sfrgkfld Hkk"k.k dk nfyr efgykvksa ij bruh rhozrk ls vlj gqvk fd mUgksaus mlh lHkk esa gkFk rd Hkjs dM+s] xys esa cM+h otuh ekyk,a mrkj nh vkSj lHkk esa mifLFkr lkSHkkX; lgL=kcq¼ o jekckbZ vEcsMdj ls nfyr efgykvksa us lekt dh vU; oxZ dh efgykvksa dh rjg lkM+h iguuk lh[k fy;kA MkW- vEcsMdj }kjk nfyr fL=k;ksa

efgyk vkUnksyu dk eq[; eqík f'k{kk] liQkbZ] laxBu vkSj la?k"kZ FkkA

nfyr efgykvksa dh dsoy vius ?kjksa esa gh fLFkfr [kjkc ugha Fkh vfirq iQSDVfj;ksa vkSj [ksrksa [kfygkuks esa rks mudks odZj rd ugha ekuk tkrk FkkA xHkkZoLFkk dh gkyr esa mUgsa ukSdjh ls fudky fn;k tkrk FkkA mudks iwjk osru ugha feyrk FkkA muds dke ds ?kaVs Hkh fuf'pr ugha FksA 28 tqykbZ 1928 dks eqacbZ fo/ku ifj"kn esa dkj[kkuk o vU; ljdkjh xSjljdkjh laLFkkuksa esa dk;Zjr etnwj 1928 esa gh eqacbZ esa efgykvksa ds i{k esa çlwfr vodk'k fo/k lEcU/h fcy ij vius l'kDr efgyk eaMy dh LFkkiuk lqfopkj j[krs gq, MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk Hkh dh xbZ vkSj bl fd ^efgykvksa dks çlwfr vodk'k o iwjk efgyk eaMy dh çFke osru çkIr djuk jk"Vªh; fgr esa ,d egRoiw.kZ dne gSA eSa bl ckr ls lger vè;{k MkW- vEcsMdj gwa dh blls 'kklu ij Hkkjh vkfFkZd cks> dh iRuh jekckbZ dks iM+sxk ysfdu fiQj Hkh eSa osru dVkSrh dk pquk x;kA 1928 esa cus i{k/j ugha gwaA ;g efgykvksa dk mudk viuk vf/dkj gS ftldh çkfIr mUgsa efgyk eaMy us vkxs gksuh pkfg,A (efgyk vkUnksyu esa nfyr pydj nfyr efgykvksa efgykvksa dk ;ksxnku&eksgu nkl fe'kjk;) nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu dk dh lkekftd] vkfFkZd] uSlcls egRoiw.kZ ,oa l'kDr i{k ;g Hkh jktuSfrd fLFkfr laHkkyus gS fd nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu lkekftd o mldks vkxs ys tkus ç'uksa dks ftruk egRo nsrk gS mruk gh egRo vkfFkZd vkSj jktuSfrd lokyksa dks dh fn'kk esa vewY; Hkh nsrk gSA nfyr efgykvksa us vius ;ksxnku fn;kA vfLerk la?k"kZ ds lkFk etnwj vkUnksyu ds la?k"kZ vkSj muds eqíksa dks vius dks 1927 esa fn, x, Hkk"k.k ls nfyr vkUnksyu dk vge fgLlk cuk fy;kA 1928 esa gh eqacbZ esa efgyk eaMy efgyk,a vkRefo'okl ls Hkj mBhA os vc MkW- vEcsMdj dh çR;sd lHkk esa dh LFkkiuk Hkh dh xbZ vkSj bl efgyk tks'k&[kjks'k ls 'kkfey gksus yxh o MkW- eaMy dh çFke vè;{k MkW- vEcsMdj vEcsMdj Hkh çR;sd lHkk ds ckn nfyr dh iRuh jekckbZ dks pquk x;kA 1928 efgykvksa dh lHkk vyx ls ysus yxs os esa cus efgyk eaMy us vkxs pydj nfyr efgykvksa ls cM+s I;kj ls cM+s HkkbZ nfyr efgykvksa dh lkekftd] vkfFkZd] ;k firk Lusg iw.kZ firk dh rjg ckr djrs jktuSfrd fLFkfr laHkkyus o mldks vkxs FksA 1927 rd vEcsMdjoknh nfyr ys tkus dh fn'kk esa vewY; ;ksxnku 34

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

fn;kA pkonkj rkykc dks lkoZtfud :i ls [kqyokuk] o ikuh ds çrhd ds :i esa nfyr vfLerk dh yM+kbZ dks vkxs c<+kus dh dM+h esa ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ vkUnksyu gS nfyr efgykvksa }kjk pyk, x, iwuk ds ikoZrh efUnj esa ços'k ds fy, la?k"kZiw.kZ lR;kxzgA bl lR;kxzg esa nfyr efgykvksa us c<+&p<+dj Hkkx fy;kA 12 vDVwcj 1929 dks MkW- vEcsMdj vkSj nfyr efgyk usrk rkuqckbZ ds usr`Ro esa tc gtkjksa nfyr efgyk,a ,d tqywl dh 'kDy esa efUnj esa ços'k djus yxh rks lo.kksZ us bu ij ykBh MaMksa vkSj iRFkjksa ls geyk dj fn;k ftlesa vusd nfyr L=kh] iq:"k ?kk;y gq,A bl vkUnksyu esa Hkkx ysus okyh nfyr efgykvksa dh la[;k egkM+ lR;kxzg ls Hkh vf/d FkhA ikoZrh efUnj ds ços'k lR;kxzg dk usr`Ro djus okyh rkuqckbZ vkxs pydj lqçfl¼ nfyr efgyk usrk ds :i esa fo[;kr gqbZaA 1930 ls 1934 rd dk dky ckcklkgsc vkSj nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu ds fy, miyfC/ Hkjk dky dgk tk ldrk gS] bl dkykof/ esa dbZ vHkwriwoZ ?kVuk,a ?kVhA ,d rjiQ rks ukfld ds dkykjke efUnj ços'k dk vkUnksyu 2 ekpZ 1930 ls ysdj 1934 rd iwjs pkj lky yxkrkj pykA bl vkUnksyu esa egkjk"Vª] xqtjkr] dukZVd vkSj vU; jkT;ksa o ns'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa ls 10 gtkj ls vf/d efgyk] iq:"k lR;kxzkgh 'kkfey gq,] nwljs bu lR;kxzkfg;ksa dh iwjh ns[kHkky tSls [kkus&ihus&Bgjus vkfn dk bartke igyh ckj nfyr efgykvksa us ftl fu"Bk vkSj esgur ls fd;k og vius vkiesa ,d felky gSA bl vkUnksyu }kjk nfyr efgykvksa dh psruk fdrus ç[kj :i esa fodflr gks xbZ Fkh bl ckr dks le>us ds fy, dsoy ,d lkekftd U;k; lans'k

mnkgj.k gh dkiQh gSA tc 1 vçSy 1930 esa efUnj ços'k ds nkSjku iqtkjh }kjk nfyr efgykvksa dks ihNs /Ddk nsus ij ,d nfyr efgyk us ml iqtkjh ds eqag ij lulukrk FkIiM+ jlhn dj fn;kA iQM+ds ia- fn- d`r dkykjke efUnj ços'k lR;kxzg dkykjke efUnj lR;kxzg esa efgykvksa dh lHkk esa Hkkx ysrs gq, jk/k ckbZ cMkys uked ,d lR;kxzkgh us vius vkstLoh Hkk"k.k esa dgk ^gesa eafnjksa es tkus dk] iu?kV ls ikuh ihus dk] Hkjus dk vf/dkj feyuk pkfg,A ;g gekjk lkekftd gd gSA 'kklu djus dk jktuSfrd vf/dkj Hkh gesa feyuk pkfg,A ge dBksj ltk dh fpUrk ugha djrsA ge ns'k Hkj dh tsyksa dks Hkj nsaxsA ge ykBh&xksyh [kk,axsA gesa gekjk gd pkfg,A ;ks¼k dHkh viuh tku dh fpUrk ugha djrkA xqykeh dh ftUnxh ls e`R;q csgrj gSA ge viuh tku ns nsxsa exj vf/dkj Nhu dj jgsaxsA (MkWvEcsMdj vkSj efgyk tkxj.k&MkW- dqlqe es/oky i`"B&91)dkykjke efUnj ços'k vkUnksyu esa jekckbZ vEcsMdj] lhrkckbZ] xhrkckbZ xk;dokM] jekckbZ xk;dokM] jekckbZ tk/o] rqylh jkethdkys dh ekrkth] ve`rjko 'kj.k [kkcsa dh ekrkth lkS- rkjkckbZ] ;equk ckbZ] fHkdwckbZ] lqeuk jko] BdwckbZ lkyos] l:ckbZ Hkkysjko] iQqankckbZ /ukth nk.kh] xaxwckbZ ixkjs vkSj vusd vuke&vKkr vkSjrksa us Hkkx fy;kA ftlesa vUr% MkW- vEcsMdj vkSj mudh efgyk lkfFk;ksa dh thr gqbZA 1930 esa gh ckcklkgsc us ukxiqj esa vf[ky Hkkjrh; 'ksM~;wy dkLV iQsMjs'ku dh LFkkiuk ds lkFk gh ^nfyr efgyk ifj"kn* Hkh vk;ksftr dhA bl lHkk esa nl gtkj ls vf/d efgykvksa us Hkkx fy;kA bl lHkk dh vè;{kk lqykspuk Bksxjs rFkk Lokxrk/;{k dhfrZ ikfVy vkSj eq[; lfpo bfUnjk ikfVy FkhA ;g lHkk vR;Ur liQy jghA ukxiqj esa 8 ls 35

10 vxLr 1930 esa vf[ky Hkkjrh; nfyr dkaxzsl ds çFke vf/os'ku esa nfyr efgykvksa dk çfrfuf/Ro djrs gq, tkbZckbZ pkS/jh us dgk ^yM+fd;ksa dks Hkh yM+dksa ds leku i<+us ds iwjs&iwjs volj miyC/k djkus pkfg,A ,d yM+dh dh f'k{kk ls ls iwjk ifjokj f'kf{kr gks tkrk gSA ^dkaxzsl ds bl igys vf/os'ku ds nkSjku gh lxq.kkckbZ xkosdj dh vè;{krk esa nfyr efgyk ifj"kn dk vk;kstu gqvk ftlesa nfyr efgykvksa dh f'k{kk ij fo'ks"k tksj fn;k x;kA (dqlqe es?koky Hkkjrh; ukjh ds m¼kjd MkW- vEcsMdj i`"B 91) igyh vkSj nwljh xksyest lHkk esa i`Fkd fuokZpu {ks=k vkSj i`Fkd çfrfufèkRo ds loky ij ckcklkgsc us nfyr vkSj nfyrks fgrksa dh tksjnkj odkyr dhA ml le; dkaxzsl o ehfM;k }kjk MkW- vEcsMdj o nfyr efgyk&iq:"k dk;ZdrkZvksa ,ao iwjs nfyr lekt ds çfr ?k`.kk dk okrkoj.k iSnk dj fn;k x;k FkkA ijUrq ml ?k`.kkijd vkSj fglakRed ekgkSy esa Hkh nfyr efgyk,a MkW- vEcsMdj ds leFkZu esa lHkk,a djrh jghaA 14 vxLr 1931 dks lj dkSCcth tgkaxhj gky esa efgykvksa us jkamM Vsfcy dkUizQsal esa Hkkx ysus ds fy, MkW- vEcsMdj ds çLFkku ls iwoZ laè;k ij ,d fonkbZ lekjksg vk;ksftr fd;kA ,d o`¼ efgyk dks laEcksf/r djrsa gq, MkWvEcsMdj us dgk] ^;fn rqe viuh xqykeh dks lewy m[kkM+ iQsadus ds fy, d`<+ ladYi gks rFkk mlds fy, lkjh dfBukbZ;ka vkSj eqlhcrsa cjnk'r djus ds fy, dfVc¼ gks] rks bl ftEesnkjh ds dk;Z esa leFkZ gksus ij tks Hkh Js; vkSj liQyrk çkIr gksxh og lc rqEgkjh gksxhA ^^lkekftd U;k; ds iqjLdrkZ % MkWHkhejko vEcsMdj & MkW- cztyky oekZ] i`"B&202 ckcklkgsc ds xksyest lEesyu ls okil vkus ds ckn 1932 esa dkeBh esa gqbZ ifj"kn esa Hkh 200 ls vf/d vxLr 2013

efgyk,a 'kkfey gqbZA ml le; lkS'kkarkckbZ vkSxys vkSj vatuh ckbZ ns'kHkzrkj vkfn nfyr efgyk usrkvksa us vius tksjnkj tks'khys Hkk"k.kksa }kjk xksyest ifj"kn esa MkW- vEcsMdj ds jksy dks leFkZu fn;k o mudh Hkwfj&Hkwfj ljkguk dhA blh vfèkos'ku esa dqekjh fojsUækckbZ rhFkZdj dks çkUrh; efgyk laxBu dk lfpo cuk;k x;kA tgka vHkh rd nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu f'k{kk] vLi`';rk] efUnj o ikuh ds lokyksa ij tw>rk gqvk vkxs c<+ jgk Fkk ogha mlus lkekftd vkSj jktuSfrd ç'uksa dks vkil esa tksM+dj dj leL;k dh rg esa ?kqlus dh Hkjiwj dksf'k'k dhA tc fczfV'k ljdkj us dkaxzsl ij çfrcU/ yxk fn;k rc ljdkj }kjk dkaxzsl ij çfrcU/ mBkus ds eqís dks ysdj 30 fnlEcj 1933 esa ukxiqj egkj] ekax lekt dh lHkk esa ,d egkj fo/ok efgyk us ljdkj ds bl vU;k; vkSj vyksdrkaf=kd dne dk ?kksj fojks/ fd;kA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd nfyr efgykvksa esa rsth ls lkekftd vkSj jktuSfrd tkx:drk vk jgh Fkh vkSj os mu ij loky Hkh [kM+s dj jgh FkhaA 30 fnlEcj 1933 ukxiqj esa jk"Vªh; lkekftd ifj"kn esa ^vLi`';rk vkSj vLi`';rk fuokj.k* fo"k; ij xks"Bh vk;ksftr dh xbZA bl xks"Bh esa d`".k cksl tSls jk"Vªh; usrk Hkh mifLFkr FksA bl lHkk esa os.kqckbZ HkVdj us tkfr çFkk dh foMEcuk ij Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, dgk ^eSa oSls rks vui<+ gwa ysfdu eq>s ,slk [kkl yxrk gS fd tc rd vLi`';ksa dks Li`'; ugha fd;k tkrk rc rd Lojkt feyuk dfBu gSA Ldwy esa yM+dh ds tkrs gh iwNk tkrk gS fd vki dkSu gSa\ T;wa gh egkj dgk tkrk gS rks vuFkZ gks tkrk gSA ;s fLFkfr ukxiqj dh gSA ukxiqj esa egkjksa dks gktjh nsuh iM+rh gSA xkao vxLr 2013

esa rks egkjksa dh fLFkfr vkSj Hkh cnrj gSA xkao ds iVsy dk eryc gS gj vkSjr dk [kleA ,slh fLFkfr esa egkj dSls ftUnk jgsa\ dSls viuk LokfHkeku j[ksa\ eSa ulZ gwa] ij eq>s fØ'pu gksus dks dgk tkrk gS vkSj fØ'pu gksus ij gh ukSdjh feysxh] ,slk dgrs gSA ysfdu eSa tkr NksMwaxh ughaA uke pqjkuk] tkr pqjkuk ;g ckr eSa fcYdqy ugha d:xhaA eSa tkr esa jgdj tkr dks lq/kjuk pkgwaxhA mlds fy, eSa th tku ls ç;Ru d:axhA (vkEgh bfrgkl ?kM+oyk&ysf[kdk mfeZyk iokj] ehuk{kh ewu) os.kqckbZ HkVdj lfØ; nfyr dk;ZdrkZ FkhA og ckcklkgsc dh vf/dka'k lHkkvksa esa mifLFkr jgrh FkhA og vR;Ur LokfHkekuh vkSj nfyr xfjek ls iw.kZ nfyr us=kh FkhaA muds ikl vf}rh; Hkk"k.k dyk FkhA os.kqckbZ HkVdj Hkh nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu dh lfØ; lak>hnkj o ,d egRoiw.kZ fgLlk FkhA 6 vçSy 1934 esa eqacbZ ds cksjxkao ftyk o/kZ esa ^vLi`'; ifj"kn* lEiUu gqbZA bl ifj"kn dh [kkfl;r Fkh fd bldh vè;{krk nfyr dk;ZdrkZ lkSlqeæk ckbZ us dh rFkk bl ifj"kn esa foLrkj ls L=kh f'k{k.k lqfo/k vkSj nfyr lekt esa yM+fd;ksa dks f'kf{kr djus ij mUgsa vYik;q esa C;kg nsus dh dqçFkk ij fpUrk çdV dh xbZA bl lHkk esa f'k{kk dks çksRlkgu nsus ds fy, yM+ds yM+fd;ksa ds fy, okpuky;] fMcsfVax Dyc] jkf=k d{kkvksa dh lqfo/k miyC/ djkus ds lkFk&lkFk nfyr Nk=k&Nk=kkvksa dks Hkk"k.k] ys[k vkfn fy[kus dh çsj.kk nsus ds lkFk iqjLdkj o LdkWyjf'ki vkfn dh O;oLFkk dj f'k{kk dks vkxs c<+kus ds egRo dh iqjtksj odkyr dh xbZA nfyr ckfydkvksa dh f'k{kk esa fpUrktud fLFkfr dks eísutj j[krs gq, 1935 esa cksjxkao o/kZ esa vLi`'; ifj"kn 36

ds }kjk vk;ksftr lHkk esa nfyr cfPp;ksa dh i<+kbZ ij è;ku nsus ds fy, fo'ks"k çLrko ikfjr fd;k x;kA bl lHkk dh vè;{krk bl ckj Jherh deykckbZ us dhA lu~ 1935 dk lky nfyr vkUnksyu dk egRoiw.kZ o"kZ esa fxuk tkrk gSA 1935 esa gh ckcklkgsc us fgUnw dV~VjifUFk;ksa dh rkuk'kkgh vkSj muds NqvkNwr Hkjs O;ogkj ls rax vkdj ;soyk esa nl gtkj nfyr L=kh&iq:"kksa dh Hkkjh lHkk esa /eZ ifjorZu dh ?kks"k.kk dhA /eZ ifjorZu dh ?kks"k.kk ls lekt esa tgka ,d vkSj rh[kh çfrfØ;k gqbZ ogha nwljh vkSj /eZ ifjorZu ds bPNqd yksxksa dh txg&txg lHkk,a gksus yxhA 16 twu 1936 esa /eZ ifjorZu ij O;k[;kuksa dh J`a[kyk esa cEcbZ ds nkeksnj gky esa ckcklkgsc ds O;k[;ku dks lquus ds fy, yksxksa dk gwtwe meM+ iM+kA bl lHkk esa dkiQh la[;k esa tksfxuksa vkSj os';kvksa us Hkh Hkkx fy;kA os Hkh fgUnw /eZ dh xUnxh vkSj xtkyr ls eqfDr dh bPNqd FkhA MkW- vEcsMdj us muls LosPN ls L=kh eqfDr vkUnksyu esa tqM+us dh vihy dhA MkW- vEcsMdj us dgk viuh ^x`fg.kh vPNs* ifjokj ls vkos ,slh vk'kk lHkh j[krs gSa fdUrq tc rd muds fy, LoLFk ifjokjksa dk fuekZ.k ugha gksxk rc rd vPNh x`fg.kh dk fuekZ.k ugha gksxkA ukjh dh mUufr ds lkFk gh ifjokj dh mUufr dk ç'u tqM+k gqvk gS] vr% ukjh ds egRo dks Lohdkjk tkuk pkfg,A (geus bfrgkl x<+k gS&mfeZyk iokj] ehuk{kh ewu) bl lHkk esa ckcklkgsc us tksfxrks vkSj os';kvksa dks lkiQ&lqFkjh ftUnxh xqtkjus dh çsj.kk nhA ckcklkgsc dh çsj.kk ls dbZ nfyr laxBuks us vusd tksfxuksa vkSj os';kvksa ds lkewfgd fookg laiUu dj muds ifjokj clk;sA lkekftd U;k; lans'k

1936 esa gh cEcbZ ds iqajnjs gkWy esa vk;ksftr egkj ifj"kn esa fn;k x;k HkkxhjFkh rkbZ vkSj dqekjh jekckbZ dk Hkk"k.k crkrk gS fd nfyr efgykvksa dk utfj;k vR;Ur çxfr'khy] Lora=k vkSj fuHkhZd FkkA os lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk ifjokj esa O;kIr fir`lÙkk tfur dqjhfr;ksa ds f[kykiQ yM+rh gqbZ nksgjs ekspsZ ij tax yM+ jgh FkhaA mUgkasus ckcklkgsc ds /ekZUrj.k dh ?kks"k.kk dk [kqys fny ls Lokxr djrs gq, muls vihy dh fd u, /eZ dk p;u djrsa le; ml /eZ esa L=kh eqfDr dk lans'k fufgr gks] bldk fo'ks"k :i ls è;ku j[kk tk,A HkkxhjFkh rkbZ us vius Hkk"k.k esa dgk ^tks /eZ gesa ca/q oxZ dh rjg lekt esa Lora=krk ls vkus&tkus nsxk ogh /eZ gesa Lohdkj gksxkA /ekZUrj.k esa ge MkW- vEcsMdj ds lkFk t:j gSa ij u, /eZ esa gesa ijnk ;k xks'kk j[kus dh çFkk eatwj ugha gSA tks /eZ gesa gekjs HkkbZ;ksa ds lkFk Lora=krk ls jgus nsxk ogh /eZ gesa eatwj gksxkA ftl /eZ esa lR;] çse] lerk vkSj Lokra=; gS] ftlesa 'kkS;Z gS ij Øwjrk ugha gks] ftlesa f'k"Vrk o ;ksX;rk gks] tks /eZ :f<+ ijEijkvksa esa ca/k u gks] ,sls /eZ esa ckcklkgsc gesa ys tk,A* (geus bfrgkl x<+k gS&mfeZyk iokj] ehuk{kh ewu) bl volj ij dqekjh jekckbZ xk;dokM us /ekaZrj.k ds loky ij ckcklkgsc dk iqjtksj leFkZu djrs gq, dgk ckcklkgsc ftUgkasus vLi`'; oxZ dks lPps gd fnykus ds fy, yxkrkj la?k"kZ fd;k muds lkFk ge Hkh /ekZUrj.k djsaxs] eSa ckcklkgsc ds /ekZUrj.k dh ?kks"k.kk dk Lokxr djrh gwaA nfyr efgyk laxBuksa us nfyr ;qod&;qofr;ksa ds chp lekt lq/kjus o muesa tkx`fr ykus ds fy, muds vyx ls fo|kFkhZ laxBu cuk;s rFkk f'kf{kr o lfØ; nfyr usf=k;ka o lnL;k,a muds chp esa lHkk;sa ,oa lkekftd U;k; lans'k

dk;ZØe vk;ksftr djrh FkhaA nfyr efgyk laxBuksa ,oa dk;ZdrkZvksa us nfyr Nk=kkvksa ds chp esa dk;Z fd;kA eè;çkUr ds cjkbZ {ks=k esa nfyr Nk=kkvksa dk lEesyu twu 1936 esa gqvkA nfyr Nk=kkvksa ds lEesyu dk eq[; mís'; lHkh nfyr Nk=kkvksa dks bdB~Bk dj muds vkilh fopkjksa ,oe~ leL;kvksa vkSj lek/kuksa dk vknku&çnku djuk FkkA 24&25 twu 1936 esa vk;ksftr

1936 esa gh cEcbZ ds iqajnjs gkWy esa vk;ksftr egkj ifj"kn esa fn;k x;k HkkxhjFkh rkbZ vkSj jekckbZ dk Hkk"k.k crkrk gS fd nfyr efgykvksa dk utfj;k vR;Ur çxfr'khy] Lora=k vkSj fuHkhZd FkkA os lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk ifjokj esa O;kIr fir`lÙkk tfur dqjhfr;ksa ds f[kykiQ yM+rh gqbZ nksgjs ekspsZ ij tax yM+ jgh FkhaA

fy;kA 1936 esa gh eè;çkUr esa nfyr efgyk ifj"kn dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k ftldh vè;{kk vuqlw;k ckbZ jaxky FkhA lHkh efgyk oDrkvksa us lkekftd o jktuSfrd {ks=k esa vius vf/dkjksa dh ekax dhA bl çkarh; ifj"kn esa nfyr fL=k;ksa dh lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuSfrd vkSj 'kSf{kd fLFkfr etcwr djus ds fy, dbZ çLrko ikfjr fd, x, rFkk ifj"kn }kjk nfyr efgykvksa dh çxfr ds fy, fd, x, dk;ks± dk C;kSjk Hkh fn;k x;kA ifj"kn esa nfyr efgyk oDrkvksa us crk;k fd mUgkasus ukxiqj dh cLrh&cLrh esa ?kwedj yM+fd;ksa ds lewg cukdj 'kkjhfjd f'k{k.k ds lkFk ykBh pykus dk çf'kf{k.k nsus ds fy, jsxqyj d{kk,a yxkbZ gSaA f'k{kk ds lkFk LokLF; f'k{kk ds dk;ZØe pykdj nfyr efgyk dk;ZdrkZvksa us vius çxfr'khy gksus ds lkFk lekt esa tq>k:iu o psruk Hkjus dk dke Hkh fd;kA bl lHkk esa dbZ çLrko esa ikfjr fd, x, tSls& 1- çkarh; dk;ns dkSfUly esa efgykvksa ds fy, j[kh xbZ rhu txg esa ls ,d LFkku nfyr lekt dh efgykvksa ds fy, j[kh tk,A 2- jkT; ljdkj dh rjiQ ls ,d vkWujsjh eftLVsªV nfyr efgykvksa ds fy, pqudj nsuk pkfg,A

3- çkarh; ljdkj esa nfyr yM+fd;ksa dks ljdkjh fo|ky; }kjk eqDr f'k{kk o vPNh i<+kbZ ds fy, LdkWyjf'ki nh ukxiqj dh ^u;k dkVu ekdsZV* dh lHkk tk, vkSj yM+fd;ksa ds gkWLVy cuk, esa dkiQh la[;k esa nfyr Nk=kk,a ,oa tk,aA nfyr efgyk,a dk;ZdrkZ,a bdB~Bh gqbZA 4- diM+ksa dh iQSfDVª;ksa esa efgykvksa dk bl lEesyu dh Lokxrkè;{k ;'kksnk ckbZ osru u dkVk tk,A MgkV FkhA bl lEesyu esa nfyr Nk=kkvksa us viuh çfrHkk vkSj mtkZ dk çn'kZu 5- ljdkjh Ldwyksa esa nfyr f'k{kdksa dh Hkh fu;qfDr gksA gLrdyk çn'kZuh ds ekè;e ls fd;k (ysf[kdk nfyr efgyk vkUnksyu dh lfØ; rFkk lHkk }kjk vk;ksftr Hkk"k.k vkSj dk;ZdrkZ o vè;kfidk gSa) vU; dEifV'kuksa esa mRlkgiwoZd Hkkx 37

vxLr 2013

d`f"k tksrksa dh leL;k vkSj MkW- vEcsMdj MkW- th-Mh- fnokdj

MkW-

Hkhe jko vEcsMdj Hkkjr ds egku foHkwfr FksA og cgqtu fgrk;] cgqtu lq[kk; ds ifjiks"kd FksA mUgksaus Ñ"kdksa dh ewy leL;k] Hkkjr esa NksVh tksrksa dh leL;k dk xgu ,oa ekSfyd vè;;u fd;k FkkA bl leL;k ds fujkdj.k ds fy;s mUgksaus egRoiw.kZ rF;ksa lfgr] rdZ laxr fopkj vuqla/ku ys[k ekè;e ls ,d mPpdksfV dh if=kdk] ^tuZy vkiQ n bf.M;u bdkWuksfed lkslkbVh]* [kaM 1] 1918 esa çdkf'kr djok;s FksA bl ys[k esa ckcklkgsc ds ln~xr fopkjksa dk iqu% voyksdu vkt Ñf"k dh çeq[k leL;kvksa dh tuuh Hkkjr dh NksVh tksrksa ds lanHkZ esa djus dk ç;Ru fd;k gSA blds vykok MkW- vEcsMdj us egkjk"Vª esa çpfyr dksBh çFkk dk mUewyu ,d dkuwu cuokdj fd;k Fkk rFkk lkewfgd

vxLr 2013

Ñf"k ij cy fn;k Fkk ftlls Je] Hkwfe] vfr xgu] oLrqijd ys[k fy[kk FkkA /u vkfn mRiknd dkjdksa dk lnqi;ksx ekuo thou fuokZg ds vkfFkZd Ñf"k dh iSnkokj c<+kus esa fd;k tk rjhdksa dk vè;;u lnk gh egRoiw.kZ ldsA gksrk gS ckcklkgsc dh ,slh ekU;rk FkhA vkt dh ifjfLFkfr esa Ñf"k dh ewy çeq[k m|ksxksa esa Ñf"k dks mUgksaus lcls leL;k dk voyksdu djus ds fy;s vf/d egÙoiw.kZ ekuk Fkk D;ksafd ;g fofHkUu jkT;ksa dh vkSlr tksrksa ds vkdkj vUu ds mRiknu ls lacaf/r gS ,oa euq"; dh leh{kk vko';d gSA ds thou fuokZg dk ewy lzksr gSA ;g le; ds lkFk&lkFk Ñf"k tksrksa dk lcls çkphu m|ksx gSA vU; lHkh m|ksx vkdkj ?kVk gS vkSj vkt tksrksa dh leL;k pkgs çeq[k gks ;k xkS.k Ñf"k ij vk/kfjr us xaaHkhj :i /kj.k dj fy;k gSA ;g Ñf"k gSaA mijksDr dkj.kksa ls Ñf"k vkt Hkh dh çeq[k leL;kvksa dh tuuh gSA bl egRoiw.kZ gSA leL;k ds mipkj ds fy;s ckcklkgsc us 1918 bZ- esa tks ç;kl fd;k og mudh nwj n`f"V dk ifjpk;d gSA ckcklkgsc us vius ys[k esa Ñf"k dk egRo] Hkkjr esa NksVh tksrsa] pdcanh] tksrksa dk vkdkj cM+k djuk o leL;k ds gy ds fy;s mik;ksa dh foospuk 'kh"kZdksa ds varxZr

ckcklkgsc us Hkkjr esa fujUrj NksVh tksrksa dk vkdkj de gksus dh çfØ;k dh foospuk ,Me fLeFk ds fopkjksa ls dhA tSls eq[;r;k tc lSfud thou dh vfuok;Zrk ds dkj.k T;s"B iq=k dks çnÙk djus dk fu;e viuk;k x;k ftlls cM+h tksrksas dh lajpuk o laj{k.k 'kq: gqvkA

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

tc Hkwfe vU; py oLrqvksa dh Hkkafr thou fuokZg vkSj [kq'kh eukus dk lk/u ek=k jg x;h rc mÙkjkf/dkj dk LokHkkfod dkuwu bls ifjokj ds lHkh iq=kksa esa ckaV nsrk gS D;ksafd firk vius lHkh iq=kksa dks thou fuokZg vkSj mi;ksx dh ,d tSlh lqfo/k,a nsuk pkgrk gSA vr% bl rjg tksrsa NksVh gksrh tkrh gSaA blfy, baXySaM cM+h tksrksa okyk ns'k vkSj Økafr ds igys okyk izQkal NksVh thrksa okyk ns'k cukA Hkkjr dh fLFkfr dk voyksdu mUgksaus fofHkUu le; o LFkkuksa dh tksrksa ds vkdkj dh lkj.kh çLrqr dj fd;kA og bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaps Fks fd tksrksa dk NksVk&NksVk vkSj fc[kjk gqvk gksuk gekjh Ñf"k ds fy;s xgu fpUrk dk fo"k; gSA ckcklkgsc us vU; ns'kksa ds vkadM+ksa ls rqyuk djus ij Hkkjr ds vkfFkZd thou ds nks cgqr mYys[kuh;] ijUrq ?kksj fpUrktud rF; çLrqr fd;s 1- Hkkjr eq[;r% ,d Ñf"k ç/ku ns'k gS vkSj 2- bldh mRikndrk fo'o esa lcls de gSA ;g fLFkfr vkt Hkkjr ds lHkh çns'kksa dh gS blls futkr ikus dh vk'kk utj ugha vk jgh gSA MkW- vEcsMdj dk ;g fopkj Fkk fd pdcanh ,d O;kogkfjd leL;k gS rFkk mldk vkdkj cM+k djuk ,d lS¼kafrd leL;k gSA vr% mUgksaus ml fl¼kar ij fopkj fd;k ftl ij tksrksa dk vkdkj fuHkZj djrk gSA blfy, mUgksaus nks ç'u fd;s 1- orZeku NksVh&NksVh vkSj fc[kjh gqbZ tksrksa dks dSls ,df=kr fd;k tk;s vkSj 2- ,d ckj pdcanh gks tkus ds ckn mudk ogh vkdkj dSls cjdjkj j[kk tk;sA bu eqn~nksa ij ckcklkgsc us vius fopkj j[ksA mUgksaus fy[kk gS fd Hkwfe ds mi foHkktu dss dkj.k Hkwfe dk fo[kaMu gksuk t:jh ugha gS ijUrq nqHkkZX;o'k gksrk ,slk gh gSA D;ksafd e`r O;fDr dk gj okfjl e`r O;fDr ds gj losZ uEcj esa fgLlk ysrk gS ftlds dkj.k Hkwfe dk lkekftd U;k; lans'k

fo[kaMu gks tkrk gS bl rjg caVokjk rks U;k;ksfpr gks tkrk gS ij mlds dkj.k Hkkjr esa Ñf"k mruh gh de ykHkizn gks tkrh gS tSls fdlh le; ;wjksi esa FkhA blls Je vkSj i'kq 'kfDr dh cckZnh gksrh gSA esaM+cUnh esa Hkwfe cckZn gksrh gS rFkk iQlyksa dh iSnkokj c<+kus ds fy;s flapkbZ o Je dh cpr okys vkStkjksa ij O;; djuk O;kogkfjd ugha jgrk gSA mRiknu

MkW- vEcsMdj dk ;g fopkj Fkk fd pdcanh ,d O;kogkfjd leL;k gS rFkk mldk vkdkj cM+k djuk ,d lS¼kafrd leL;k gSA vr% mUgksua s ml fl¼kar ij fopkj fd;k ftlls tksrksa dk vkdkj fuHkZj djrk gSA blfy;s mUgksua s nks ç'u fd;s igyk&orZeku NksVh NksVh vkSj fc[kjh gqbZ tkrksa dks dSls ,df=kr fd;k tk, vkSj nwljk& ,d ckj pdcanh gks tkus ds ckn mudk ogh vkdkj dSls cjdjkj j[kk tk;sA dh ykxr c<+ tkrh gSA vr% pdcanh djuk t:jh gS ,slh ckcklkgsc dh ekU;rk FkhA blds ckn mUgksaus fofHkUu izdkj dh pdcanh ds rkSj rjhdksa dk mYys[k fd;k rFkk muds ykHk gkfu dks izLrqr fd;kA mUgksaus pdcanh ds lkFk izpfyr ekU;rkvksa 39

vkSj ;kstukvksa ds ckjs esa ,d xaHkhj vkifRr mBkbZ fd lHkh egkuqHkkoksa us bl ckr dk egRo ugha le>k fd pdcanh fd xbZ Hkwfe dk VqdM+k cM+s vkdkj dk gksuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd Hkkjr esa Ñf"k NksVh NksVh vkSj fc[kjh gqbZ tksrksa ds vfHk'kki ls xzLr gSA rks u dsoy ;g t:jh gS fd mudh pdcanh dh tk;s cfYd ;g Hkh t:jh gS fd mudk vkdkj cM+k fd;k tk;sA mUgksaus dgk fd ;g ckr ges'kk è;ku esa j[kuh pkfg;s fd pdcanh ls Hkwfe ds fc[kjs gksus dh cqjkb;ka rks nwj gks tk;saxh ijUrq ;g NksVh tksrksa dh cqjkb;ka rks nwj ugha gks ldrh gSA tc rd tksr vkfFkZd n`f"V ls ykHkdkjh u gksA MkW- vEcsMdj dh ;g ekU;rk Fkh fd tksrksa dk vkdkj cM+k djuk mruk gh egRoiw.kZ gS ftruk mudh pdcanhA blfy;s og cM+h tksrksa ds vkdkj ds fu;eu ij fopkj ds i{kèkj Fks fd gekjh tksrsa vkfFkZd :i ls dSls ykHkdkjh fLFkfr esa gksaA mUgksaus cM+s nq[k ds lkFk fy[kk gS fd tks yksx bl dk;Z esa yxs Fks mUgksaus ;g Li"V ugha fd;k fd ykHkdkjh tksrksa dh D;k ifjHkk"kk gks ftlls ge muds vf/d d`rK gksrsA nwljh vksj ;g fo'okl fd;k tkrk gS fd cM+s vkdkj dh tksr ykHkdkjh tksr gSA vr% izks- tsoUl Hkh blh èkkj.kk ds f'kdkj gks x;s ftldh otg ls mUgksaus dgk fd vkSlr 29&30 ,dM+ ds chp esa tksr gksuh pkfg;sA vr% MkW- vEcsMdj us iz'u fd;k fd 100 ;k 200 ,dM+ D;ksa ugha gksuh pkfg;sA 'kk;n izks- tsoUl dh ekU;rk Fkh fd bruh Hkwfe ls fdlku dk thou Lrj igys ls vf/d Åapk gks tk;sxkA MkW- vEcsMdj us Li"V fd;k fd muds bl fl¼kar esa =kqfV gS ftlls og vius ekWMy iQkeZ ds leFkZu esa dksbZ Bksl vkfFkZd dkj.k ugha ns lds blh dkj.k ls MkW- vEcsMdj cM+kSnk desVh] ekuuh; Jh dhfVax vkfn dh ekU;rkvksa ls Hkh lger ugha gq, Fks tks vxLr 2013

ykHkdkjh tksrksa dk vkèkkj ;g nsrs Fks fd og bruh iSnkokj nsrh gS fd ,d O;fDr [kpsZ fudkydj viuk vkSj vius ifjokj dk isV vkjke ls iky ldsA vr% mUgksaus lkiQ rkSj ij fy[kk fd ;s lHkh ifjHkk"kk,a mRiknu dh txg miHkksx ij vk/kkfjr gS ;gh mudh =kqfV gSA vr% ckcklkgsc us vkfFkZd ykHkdkjh tksrksa ds vkdkj ds fy;s mRiknu ds fofHkUu dkjdksa dk mi;ksx lekuqikr ds fu;e dk vuqeksnu dj fd;kA bl fu;e esa crk;k x;k gS fd mRiknu ds fofHkUu dkjd xyr ek=kk esa yxk;s tkus ls gkfu gksuk fuf'pr gSA bl fl¼kUr dk mUgksaus foLrkj ls o.kZu fd;k fd ,d dkjd dk nwljs dkjdksa ls feydj vfèkdre dq'kyrk ls lHkh dk;Z dj ldrk gS tc og ,d vfèkdre ykHkdkjh <ax ls mldk mi;ksx fd;k tk;s vkSj ;g rHkh laHko gks ldrk gS tc mldk mRiknu ds vU; dkjdksa ls okafNr ek=kk esa lg;ksx gksA bl rjg ,d vknZ'k lekuqikr gksrk gS tks feydj dke djus okys fofHkUu dkjdksa ds chp gksuk pkfg;sA ;|fi ;g vkn'kZ fofHkUu dkjdksa ds lekuqikr esa iQsj cny djus ls cny ldrk gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa MkaW- vEcsMdj us ykHkdkjh tksr cukus ds fy;s fdlkuksa rFkk vU; dks ;g mfpr lq>ko fn;k fd dsoy ;g dkiQh ugha gS fd Hkwfe dh ek=kk c<+krs tk;sa] mUgsa dq'ky [ksrh ds fy;s iwath] Je] vkStkj vkfn vko';d dkjdksa dh ek=kk Hkh mfpr :i esa c<+kuh pkfg, vkSj lHkh dkjdksa dks mfpr vuqikr esa j[kuk iM+sxkA D;ksafd mlds fcuk dq'kyrk iwoZd iSnkokj ugha c<+sxhA MkW- vEcsMdj us mijksDr fl¼kar dks fl¼ djus ds fy;s mnkgj.k izLrqr fd;k fd fdlkuksa dks èku vkfn dh lqfoèkk nsdj bl fl¼kar dks viuk;k Hkh x;kA 1840 bZ- esa izfl¼ la;qDr fjiksVZ esa bldk 'kkunkj foospu vxLr 2013

ls ykHk ugha mBk ldrs D;ksafd cf<+;k <ax ls [ksrh ds fy, vPNs vkStkj] [kkn] Je vkfn dh vko';drk gksrh gS ftlds fy;s muds ikl èku ugha gS mijksDr NksVh&NksVh tksrksa dh leL;k ds gy fo"k; esa vkfFkZd fLFkfr Ñ"kdksa ds dh foospuk ds vUrxZr MkW- vEcsMdj us mRiknu ls 2 ls 3 xquk de ik;k tkrk ;g tkuuk pkgk fd D;k NksVh tksrksa dk gSA ckcklkgsc us iz'u fd;k Fkk fd D;k vkdkj ?kV x;k gS rFkk mRiknu ds vU; dkjdksa tSls èku] Je vkfn dh ek=kk Ñf"k tks gekjh turk dk eq[; èkaèkk gS vis{kkÑr c<+ xbZ gS\ blds fy;s mUgksaus mUgsa cs'kh (ljIyl) iQlyksa dh iSnkokj fofHkUu losZ{k.kksa dk lgkjk fy;k rFkk nsrh gS\ os loZlEer mRrj ^ugha* ls bl fu"d"kZ ij igqaps fd Ñf"k mriknksa lger Fks rFkk og tksrksa ds vkdkj cM+s dh iwfrZ esa deh vkbZ gS rFkk Hkwfe dh fd;s tkus o pdcanh ds cgqr fgek;rh Fks ij mudks bl y{; dh izkfIr ds a ds ckjs esa ,rjkt FkkA mudk ;g ckcklkgsc us vkfFkZd mik;ks n`<+ fo'okl Fkk fd Hkkjr esa NksVh&NksVh ykHkdkjh tksrksa ds tksrksas dh leL;k cqfu;knh leL;k ugha gS vkdkj ds fy;s mRiknu ;g lkekftd vFkZO;oLFkk esa vlkeatL; dh leL;k gSA blhfy, mUgksaus Li"V ds fofHkUu dkjdksa dk fy[kk gS fd ;fn ge bl leL;k dk gy mi;ksx lekuqikr ds <wa<uk pkgrs gSa rks gesa ewy leL;k dks fu;e dk vuqeksnu dj gy djuk gksxkA fd;k x;k gSA vktdy rks fofHkUu izdkj ds lzksrksa ls Ñ"kdksa dks tks èku vkfn iznku fd;k tkrk gS og blh fl¼kUr dks è;ku esa j[k dj fn;k tkrk gSA

fd;kA bl fu;e esa crk;k x;k gS fd mRiknu ds fofHkUu dkjd xyr ek=kk esa yxk;s tkus ls gkfu gksuk fuf'pr gSA

dk'rdkjh dq'ky <ax ls ugha gks ik jgh gS D;ksafd gy] cSy] Je vkfn egaxs Hkh gks x;s gS vkSj nqyZHk Hkh A [ksrh dh ykxr esa cpr djus ds fy;s fdlku [ksrksa esa mruh ckj gy ugha pykrs ftruh ckj igys pykrs FksA iwath dh deh ds ckjs esa mUgksaus Jh bfy;V tsEe dk dFku m¼`r fd;k ^fdlku bl ckjs esa iSuh utj j[krs gS fd ekWMy iQkeksZa ij fn[kkbZ xbZ vPNh <ax ls dh xbZ [ksrh ds cf<+;k ifj.kke fudyrs gSa ijUrq os bl tkudkjh 40

vr% mUgksaus gekjh lkekftd vFkZO;oLFkk dh cqjkbZ ij è;ku dsafnzr fd;k rFkk ik;k fd Hkkjr ,d Ñf"k izèkku ns'k gS] ijUrq ftl ckr dk irk de yksxksa dks gS og ;g gS fd bruh vf/d [ksrhgj Hkwfe gksus ds ckotwn Ñ"kd Hkwfe dk vuqikr cgqr de gSA bldk vFkZ ;g gqvk fd Ñf"k Hkwfe ij vfJr yksxksa dk ,d cM+k Hkkx Ñf"k esa t:jr ls T;knk O;FkZ esa yxk gqvk gS fd fuBYyk jgrk gS bl rF; dks fl¼ djus ds fy;s mUgksaus lj tsEl dSMZ ds vuqeku dks fuEu :i esa izLrqr fd;k ^baxySM esa ftl ,d oxZ ehy {ks=k esa vPNh izdkj ls [ksrh gksrh gS mlesa 50 O;fDr dke djrs gSaA ;fn Hkkjr esa ,d oxZ ehy esa muds pkSxqus vFkkZr 200 yksx [ksrh ds dke esa yxs rks mlesa Hkh Hkkjr dh dsoy ,d frgkbZ tula[;k yxsxhA vr% ckcklkgsc us ;g Li"V fd;k lkekftd U;k; lans'k

fd ,d frgkbZ tula[;k Hkh [ksrh ds fy;s ys rc Hkh ge vkjke ls dg ldrs gaS fd mrus gh yksx [kkyh cSBs jgrs gSa rFkk dksbZ mRiknd dk;Z ugha djrs gSa nqHkkZX; ls ;g la[;k vkt cgqr vf/d c<+ xbZ gSA ckcklkgsc us bu [kkyh cSBs Jfedksa ds vkfFkZd izHkko dks nks izdkj ls Li"V fd;kA igyk% blls Ñf"k tula[;k dk tehu ij Hkkjh ncko iM+rk gS tks nqwfu;k ds vkSj fdlh ns'k esa bruk vf/d ugha feyrk gSA tc tula[;k dk ncko tehu ds mi&foHkktu o fo[kaMu dk eq[; dkj.k gSA vr% ckcklkgsc tehu ds dkuwu dks tehu ds mifoHkktu dk eq[; dkj.k ugha ekurs FksA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd turk dk cgqr cM+k Hkkx (74-4 izfr'kr) viuh thfodk ds fy, dsoy Ñf"k ij fuHkZj gS ;g LokHkkfod gS fd tc yksxksa ds ikl Ñf"k ds vfrfjDr dqN gS gh ugha rks tehu dk NksVs ls NksVk VqdM+k Hkh gkfly djus ds fy, gj laHko iz;kl djrs gSa ftldh otg ls tehu dk mifoHkktu dk fo[kaMu cM+h xfr dss lkFk gks jgk gSA NksVs NksVs [ksr Hkkjr esa vkt blh Hkkjh ncko ds dkj.k ls utj vk jgs gSaA nwljk% ckcklkgsc us lfn;ksa ls pyh vk jgh ,d vfr egRoiw.kZ vkfFkZd izfØ;k dk Li"V foospu fd;k fd fuBYys etnwj vkSj fuBYyh iwath esa ,d cgqr cM+k vUrj gksrk gSA iwath j[kh gksrh gS ijUrq etnwj jgrk gS vFkkZr iwath tc fuBYyh gks rks og dekrh ugha ijUrq T;knk [kpZ Hkh ugha djkrh gS ijUrq etnwj dek,a pkgs u dek,a og thfor jgus ds fy;s [ksrh vo'; djrk gSA blfy, fuBYyk etnwj ,d cM+h eqlhcr ;k foifRr cu tkrk gSA D;ksafd tc og mRiknu dk;Z esa ugha yxk gksrk gS rks og ijthoh cu tkrk gSA ns'k dk tks dqN lkekftd U;k; lans'k

FkksM+h cgqr ykHkka'k gksrk gS mls pV dj tkrk gSA ftlls iw¡th cuus dh izfØ;k ns'k esa vfr ean xfr ls pyrh gSA O;fDr dh rjg lekt dh Hkh vk; fd, x;s iz;klksa vkSj miyC/ lEifÙk ij fuHkZj gS blds vk/kj ij gekjs lekt dk ,d cgqr cM+k Hkkx orZeku esa cgqr de] vHkkoksa dh otg ls iz;kl djrk gS vkSj u gh mlds LokfeRo esa cgqr lkjh lEifRr gksrh gS ftlls og mRiknu dj ldsA vr% fulansg Li"V gS fd gekjs vkfFkZd laxBu esa iwath dh vko';drk gSA iwath

MkW- vEcsMdj dh ;g ekU;rk Fkh fd pdcanh vkSj mldk laj{k.k ,d nwljs ls brus vf/d tqM+s gS fd ,d ds fcuk nwljs ds ckjs esa lkspk Hkh ugha tk ldrk gSA ;fn ge pdcanh dh gqbZ Hkwfe ds vkdkj dks cpkdj ugha j[k ldrs rks D;k pdcanh djus ls dksbZ iQk;nk gS\ vf/D; ;kuh T;knk vk; ij fuHkZj gS ijUrq ogka lkFkZd iz;kl ugha gksrk ogka ij u oss'kh (ljIyl) gksrk u vk; gksrh gS ftldh otg ls iwath dk fuekZ.k Hkh ugha gksrk gSA bl pØ dh otg ls gekjs vf/ drj fdlku foiUurk esa thou ;kiu dj jgs gSaA vr% mUgksaus ?kksf"kr fd;k fd orZeku lkekftd vFkZO;oLFkk esa pdcanh vkSj mlds vkdkj cM+k djus ds lHkh iz;kl fuf'pr :i ls vliQy fl¼ gksaxs D;ksafd bl ns'k dk vFkZ'kkL=k nks"kiw.kZ gS 41

vkSj tSlk fd FkkWel vuksZYM us ,d ckj dgk Fkk fd ^,d =kqfViw.kZ jktuhfrd vFkZO;oLFkk vijk/ksa dh liQy tuuh gSA* ;gh ge vkt vius fiz; ns'k esa ns[k jgs gSaA MkW- vEcsMdj dh ;g ekU;rk Fkh fd pdcanh vkSj mldk laj{k.k ,d nwljs ls brus vf/d tqM+s gSa fd ,d ds fcuk nwljs ds ckjs esa lkspk Hkh ugha tk ldrk gSA ;fn ge pdcanh dh gqbZ Hkwfe ds vkdkj dks cpkdj ugha j[k ldrs rks D;k pdcanh djus ls dksbZ iQk;nk gS\ ckcklkgsc us ,slk iz'u fd;k Fkk rFkk lkiQ fy[kk gS fd tc rd ge viuh lkekftd vFkZO;oLFkk esa izHkkodkjh ifjorZu ugha djsaxs rc rd gesa ;g izfØ;k ckj&ckj nksgjkuh iM+sxhA bl leL;k ls futkr ikus ds fy, mUgksaus ,d vfr mRre lq>ko fn;k ^;fn ge bu iQkyrw Jfedksa dks mRiknu dh xSj&Ñf"k iz.kkfy;ksa esa yxk losaQ rks ge ,d ckj esa gh Ñf"k ls ncko de dj losaQxs vkSj Hkwfe ij tks bruk vfèkd egRo fn;k tk jgk gS og Hkh de gks tk;sxk ftleas mi&foHkktu o fo[kaMu dh izfØ;k ean iM+ tk;sxhA blosQ vfrfjDr tc ;g Jfed mRiknu dh xSj Ñf"k&iz.kkyh esa yx tk;saxs rks vkt dh rjg nwljs ds lgkjs viuk isV ugha Hkjsaxs vkSj os u osQoy dek,axs cfYd gesa ljIyl mRiknu vxLr 2013

nsaxs rFkk vfèkd ljIyl dk eryc vfèkd iwath gksxkA Ñf"k lacaèkh lHkh leL;kvksa dks gy djus osQ fy;s lcls tksjnkj mik; mldk vkS|ksfxdhdj.k gS* ,slh ckck lkgsc dh ekU;rk FkhA vkS|ksfxdhdj.k ls Ñf"k ij ncko de gksxk vkSj iawth rFkk iawthxr lkeku c<+us ls tksrksa dk vkdkj c<+kus dh vkfFkZd vko';drk iSnk gks tk;sxhA bruk gh ugha vkS|ksfxdhdj.k Hkwfe (Ñf"k) dk egRo de dj nsxk ftlls mlds foHkktu o fo[kaMu osQ volj de gks tk;saxs vr% bls rjthg nh tkuh pkfg;sA ,slk usd lq>ko ckcklkgsc dk Fkk og vkS|ksfxdhdj.k dh izfrorZ (fjiQysDlu biSQDVl) fØ;k osQ izHkkoksa ls Ñf"k dh leL;k dk mipkj djuk pkgrs FksA mUgksaus ;g Hkh dgk fd bls dksbZ dkYifud u le>sA blhfy;s mUgksaus vius lq>ko osQ leFkZu esa 1883 esa la;qDr jkt vejhdk esa tks vè;;u fd;k x;k Fkk vkSj yanu VkbEl esa mldk tks lkj izdkf'kr gqvk Fkk mls la{ksi :i ls m¼`r fd;k] ^la;qDr jkt vejhdk osQ Ñf"k foHkkx osQ lkaf[;d us ,d fjiksVZ esa crk;k fd Hkwfe dk ewY; Bhd mlh vuqikr esa ?kV tkrk gS ftruk Ñf"k dk vuqikr vU; m|ksxksa osQ eqdkcys c<+ tkrk gS vFkkZr tgka lkjs Jfed [ksrh ij fuHkZj gksrs gSa] ogka tehu dk ewY; de gksrk gS vis{kkÑr mlosQ tgka osQoy vkèks yksx Ñf"k ij fuHkZj gksrs gSa vUr esa ckcklkgsc us fy[kk gS fd gekjk lq>ko ijhf{kr gS ;g fufoZokn :i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd vkS|ksfxdhdj.k ls tksrksa dk vkdkj c<+kus esa izksRlkgu feysxk gh vkSj ;g mi&foHkktu vkSj fo[kaMu osQ fo:¼ Hkh lcls cM+h :dkoV fl¼ gksxkA

ckn izkIr gq, Fks mldks m¼`r fd;k ^euq"; dh vko';drk,a mlosQ lkèkuksa osQ fglkc ls c<+rh gS ftl vuqikr esa yksx Ñf"k] [kuu vkSj oSls gh èkaèkksa esa yxs gksrs gSaA ogka mlh vuqikr esa og de gksrh tkrh gS vkSj ftl vuqikr esa yksx m|ksx esa vFkkZr fuekZ.k dk;ks± esa yxs jgrs gSa ogka mudh vko';drk,a c<+rh tkrh gS* ijUrq Hkkjr osQ vkadM+s bl fl¼kar osQ foijhr tkrs gSa vkSj ,d fo'ks"kK dks buesa ,d fo'oO;kih izo`fr dh >yd ugha fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA tgka la;qDr jkt vejhdk tSls ns'k vkjaHk esa Ñf"k izèkku ns'k Fks vc Øe'k% vkS|ksfxd ns'k gks x;s gSa ijUrq Hkkjr esa nqHkkZX;o'k vHkh Hkh xkaoksa eas vfèkd yksx

ckcklkgsc us fy[kk gS fd gekjk lq>ko ijhf{kr gS ;g fufoZokn :i ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd vkS|ksfxdhdj.k ls tksrksa dk vkdkj c<+kus esa izksRlkgu feysxk gh vkSj ;g mi&foHkktu vkSj fo[kaMu osQ fo:¼ Hkh lcls cM+h :dkoV fl¼ gksxkA ik;s tkrs gSA ftruh tYnh bl izo`fÙk dks jksosQ] vPNk gS] ckcklkgsc dh ,slh ekU;rk FkhA var esa lj gsujh dkVu osQ mu 'kCnksa ls vfèkd lp vkSj dksbZ fgrdkjh psrkouh mUgsa vkSj ugha yxh fdµvR;fèkd Ñf"k ls Hkkjr dks [krjk gSA

vkS|ksfxdhdj.k ;g vykHkdkjh Hkh fl¼ gks jgh gS xzkeh.k {ks=k esa Ñf"k osQ vykok vU; jkstxkj osQ lkèku ugha gS ftlls Ñf"k ij ncko vfèkd iM+ jgk gS] tula[;k dk ,d frgkbZ Hkkx fuBYyk jgrk gSA ckcklkgsc us ;g Hkh n'kkZ;k fd oSQls fuBYys Jfedksa osQ dkj.k ns'k fcuk iwath dk gks x;k gS vr% mUgksaus ?kksf"kr fd;k fd ;g orZeku lkekftd vFkZO;oLFkk gh Ñf"k dh lHkh cqjkb;ksa dh tuuh gSA blhfy, og ,d ,slh vkfFkZd iz.kkyh mRiUu djus osQ i{kèkj Fks tks Ñ"kdksa dks ljIyl ns losQA blosQ fy;s Ñf"k ls ncko de gksuk vR;ko';d gS blhfy;s mUgksaus fuBYys Jedksa dks Ñf"k ls vU; m|ksxksa esa yxkus dk vfr egÙoiw.kZ lq>ko fn;k ftlls vkfFkZd izfØ;k lqpk: :i ls vxzflr gks losQA Ñf"k lacaèkh lHkh leL;kvksa dk lekèkku vkt Hkh vkS|ksfxdhdj.k gSA dk'k gekjs uhfr&funsZ'kd ckcklkgsc osQ mijksDr lq>koksa dks ekurs rFkk mlh eqrkfcd xzkeh.k {ks=k esa vkS|ksfxdhdj.k dks izksRlkfgr djrs rks vkt Hkkjr ,d fodflr ns'kksa osQ f'k[kj ij gksrkA vHkh Hkh le; gS xzkeh.k ekuo lalkèku osQ izf'k{k.k osQ fy;s 53 jktdh; Ñf"k rFkk vU; fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa O;olkf;d ,oa iz;ksxkRed fo"k;ksa dk leqfpr izca/ laHko gks ldrk gS fliZQ bPNk'kfDr dh t:jr gSA vkS|ksfxdhdj.k osQ fy;s iz[kaM Lrj ij vPNk okrkoj.k rS;kj fd;k tk;sA

;g vc loZfofnr gS fd ns'k dks ;fn lok±xh.k fodkl djuk gS vkRej{kk osQ fy;s ijek.kq o felkbZy tSlh ifj;kstuk,a iw.kZ djuh gSa rks ckcklkgsc osQ mijksDr fopkjksa dks dk;Z:i esa ifj.kr ckcklkgsc dh ekU;rk Fkh fd dj Ñf"k {ks=k esa vkRefuHkZjrk izkIr djuh ckcklkgsc us blosQ ckn lj jkWcVZ tula[;k dk 75 izfr'kr Hkkx Ñf"k ij gh gksxhA fxfiQu osQ fu"d"kZ tks mUgsa fofHkUu ns'kksa fuHkZj jgus osQ dkj.k tksrksa dk vkdkj (ys[kd vkbZ-lh-,-vkj- esa izèkku d`f"k oSKkfud jg pqds gS)a dh vkfFkZd izo`fÙk;ksa dk losZ{k.k djus osQ cgqr NksVk gks jgk gS rFkk fc[kj jgh gS vxLr 2013

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

(30 vxLr&tUe fnol ij fo'ks"k)

^^tc 'kSysUnz us dchj&jSnkl ds n'kZu dks mM+syk vius xhrksa esa izks- 'k=kq?u dqekj

l ns'k esa ekuorkoknh fparu/kjk ds nks cM+s mn~?kks"kdksa ds uke gSa lUr dchj ,oa larf'kjkse.kh jSnklA thou dh u'ojrk rFkk lr~deksZa }kjk bl thou ds mi;ksx ij mUgksaus vius fopkj j[ksA blh ekuorkoknh fparu/kjk dks vius&vius rjhds ls vusd fopkjdksa us vkxs c<+k;kA vk/qfud ;qx esa dbZ fo}kuksa us Hkh bl ekuorkoknh fparu dks vkxs c<+k;kA xhrdkj 'kSysUnz us blh fopkjèkkjk dks vius xhrksa ,oa dforkvksa ds ekè;e ls fofHkUu :iksa esa izLrqr fd;kA 'kSysUnz ds xhrksa esa cq¼ dh vfgalk] bZ'kk dh d:.kk ds lkFk dchj ds leku csckd opu rFkk jSnkl ds csxeiqjk dk lans'k Hkjk gqvk gSA 30 vxLr mudk tUe fnol gSA ,sls esa ges'kk eq>s mudh vafre ;k=kk dk n`'; vka[kksa ds lkeus mHkj vkrk gSA njvly 14 fnlacj 1966 dks ge eqEcbZ esa Fks vkSj firk th us viuh ,d bPNk dks lkdkj lkekftd U;k; lans'k

djus ds fy, eqEcbZ tkus dk iQSlyk fd;k FkkA mudh deyk ekSlh ('kSysUnz th dh cgu tks gj lky fu;e iwoZd vius HkkbZ dks jk[kh cka/rh FkhA bl izdkj 'kSysUnz firk th ds ekek yxrs FksA) vkSj ekSlk y{ehukjk;.k vius nksukas csVs nhid vkSj gsear dks ysdj eqEcbZ ls 'ksj?kkVh fcgkj ds x;k ftys dk ,d Fkkuk ij igaqp x, FksA vkfiQllZ bUpktZ ds :Ik esa firk th dh iksfLVax blh 'ksj?kkVh Fkkus esa FkhA irk ugha dbZ ckj dqN yksxksa dks igys ls ;g ,glkl gks tkrk gS fd vc mudk vafre le; vkus okyk gSA 'kk;n deyk nknh (firk th dh ekSlh) dks Hkh ;g vanktk gks x;k Fkk fd os vc vkSj vf/d fnu ftank ugha jgsaxhA firk th ls dbZ eqn~nksa ij dbZ ckrksa vkSj dbZ 'krksZa ds lkFk dbZ ok;ns Hkh mUgksaus fd,A mUgksaus firk th dks ;g Hkh dg Mkyk fd jktu (firk th dks os blh uke ls iqdkjrh FkhaA) vxj eSa u jgaw rks esjs nksuksa cPpksa dks rqe eqEcbZ ls vius ikl ys vkukA rc 'kk;n fdlh dks ;g ugha irk Fkk fd vkf[kj os ,slk D;ksa dg jgh gSaA 'ksj?kkVh ls eqEcbZ okil tkus ds ,d eghus ds Hkhrj gesa [kcj feyh fd deyk nknh ugha jghaA ifjokj ds lHkh yksx bl lwpuk ls nq[kh ,oa lUu jg x,A firk th] vEek vkSj ge rhu HkkbZ cgu eq>s] esjh NksVh cgu vkSj NksVk HkkbZ dks ysdj eqEcbZ py iM+sA iVuk ls 10 fnlacj 1966 dks gekjh ;k=kk 'kq: gqbZA eqEcbZ ch Vh LVs'ku ij firk th ds ekSlk y{ehukjk;.k geas ysus vk, FksA dkyh&ihyh VSDlh }kjk ge 43

lHkh eqEcbZ ch Vh LVs'ku ls dqykZ vk,A ;gha y{ehukjk;.k nknk vius csVksa gsear ,oa nhid dks ysdj jgrs FksA deyk nknh ds ugha jgus ij nknk gh nksuksa cPpksa ds fy, ekrk&firk dh Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs FksA firk th vius nksuksa ekSlsjs Hkkb;ksa dks vius ikl ykuk pkgrs Fks ysfdu muds ekSlk bl ckr ds fy, jkth ugha gq,A iRuh ds ugha jgus ij Hkyk vius lwus thou os cPpksa ds fcuk dSls xqtkjrsA vc muds cPps gh muds fy, lc dqN FksA mUgksaus ekrk&firk dk iQtZ fuHkk;k vkSj mudh esgur jax ykbZA vkt nksuksa gsear&nhid eqEcbZ esa liQy MkDVj ds :Ik esa dk;Zjr gSaA [kSj iVuk ls nwj eqEcbZ igaqpus ij firk th ds lkjs fj'rsnkj gesa vius&vius ?kj cqyk dj iqjkus fnuksa dh ;kn rktk dj jgs FksA blh Øe esa 14 fnlacj 1966 dks ge lHkh ekVqaxk ds jsyos dkWyksuh fLFkr ,d cM+s ls ÝySV esa FksA ;g firk th ds nwljs fj'rsnkj Jh ghjk yky th dk ?kj FkkA os jsyos esa cgqr cM+s vf/dkjh FksA mudh ,d yM+dh tks gekjh eqUuk cqvk Fkh] eqEcbZ jsfM;ks LVs'ku ij liQy ,ukmUlj FkhaA gky ds fnuksa esa mUgsa vkdk'kok.kh eqEcbZ dh vksj ls dbZ lEekuksa ls lEekfur Hkh fd;k x;kA ge lHkh [kkus ds Vscqy ij ytht [kkus dk vkuan ys jgs FksA ;g ,d jkt dh ckr gS fd gekjs ifjokj fj'rsnkjksa ds ;gka pkgs os ns'k ds fdlh dksus esa gkas [kkus&ihus ds ekeys esa vOoy gh jgs gSaA Hkys gh lhfer vk; okyk gekjk dksbZ ifjokj gks] lHkh u fliQZ ytht [kkuk cukrs gaS cfYd vxLr 2013

esgekuksa dks cgqr gh lkSgknZ ds lkFk f[kykrs Hkh gSaA ge Hkh ekVqaxk esa ghjkyky th ds ;gka ytht [kkus dk vkuan mBk jgs FksA y{ehukjk;.k nknk muds nksuksa cPps rFkk vkSj Hkh dbZ fj'rsnkj ogk¡ tqV x, FksA njvly vkt dh rjg mu fnuksa yksxksa ds ikl le; dh deh ugha FkhA lkFk gh esgekuuokth esa Hkh lHkh vOoy FksA vkt izxfr ds lkFk yksxksa ds ikl iSls dh deh ugha gS] ysfdu fny NksVk gks x;k gSA mu fnuksa vkfFkZd fLFkfr mruh vPNh ugha Fkh fiQj Hkh fny cM+k FkkA [kkus ds Vscqy ij ckrphr ds nkSjku dydRrk ls ysdj fnYyh vkSj iVuk ls ysdj Hkksiky rd dh ckrsa py jgh FkhA njvly ukSdjh is'kk gksus ds dkj.k gekjk ifjokj ns'k ds fofHkUu Hkkxksa esa iQSyk gqvk gSA xaxk ds rV ij fodflr yxHkx lHkh 'kgjksa esa ifjokj fj'rsnkj jgrs gSaA dydRrk ls 'kq: gksdj eqaxsj] vklulksy] iVuk] nkukiqj] vkjk] eqxyljk;] bykgkckn] cukjl] dkuiqj] Vq.Myk] vkxjk] ,sVk] eqEcbZ] dVd ls ysdj fnYyh rd iQSys ifjokj dh ppkZ esa ?kaVks xqtj x,A

u`R;kaxuk lhrkjk nsoh tks vkt yxHkx 90 o"kZ dh gks pqdh gSa rFkk fojtw egkjkt dks Hkh cqyk;k FkkA ml le; ;s fo'o fo[;kr flrkjs gekjs iVuk fLFkr ?kj ij gh Bgjs FksA ,d cM+h ;kstuk ds lkFk os vius 'kSysUnz ekek ls feydj mldks lkdkj :Ik nsuk pkgrs FksA firkth fiQYe cukuk pkgrs FksA mudk liuk fc[kj x;k FkkA vkf[kj lHkh us vius dks fdlh rjg laHkkyk vkSj fiQj ge lc py iM+s ^^fjef>e fcfYMax** dh vksjA cjlkr fiQYe ds vius xhr ^fjef>e ds rjkus ysdj vkbZ cjlkr* ds eq[kM+s ij mUgksaus vius ?kj dk uke j[kk Fkk fjef>e fcfYaMxA fiQYe uxjh ekuks Fke xbZ FkhA [kcj taxy esa vkx dh rjg iQSy xbZ FkhA

dfork,a dchj ,oa jSnkl dh okf.k;ksa ds leku lfn;ksa rd yksxksa dks iszj.kk iznku djrh jgsaxhA gky gh esa fnYyh esa gh 'kSysUnz dh dforkvksa dk laxzg ^^vanj dh vkx** dk foekspu ukeoj flag us fd;kA ysfdu lcls ?kksj vk'p;Z ml le; gqvk tc mUgksaus foekspu ds volj ij ;g dgk fd mUgsa igyh ckj irk pyk fd 'kSysUnz ^nfyr* FksA bls foMEcuk gh dgsaxs fd ,d fo[;kr RkFkk lerkoknh izxfr'khy fopkj/kjk dk >.Mk mBkus okys fpard dks ;g irk ugha fd 'kSysUnz nfyr FksA tcfd yxHkx 15 o"kZ igys eSaus 'kSysUnz ij ,d vkys[k fy[kk FkkA ftldk 'kh"kZd Fkk ^izfrHkk fdlh dh cikSrh ughaA* ;g vkys[k ^v'o?kks"k* esa Nik FkkA ml le; fnYyh ds lkjs nfyr ys[kdksa esa ;g tku dj xkSjo dk Hkko Hkj x;k Fkk fd 'kSysUnz nfyr FksA [kSj bl mis{kk ds Hkko dks HkyhHkkaafr le>k tk ldrk gS D;ksafd tkfr /eZ ij vkèkkfjr Hkkjrh; lekt vkt Hkh lfn;ksa iqjkuh lM+h xyh tkfrxr O;oLFkk vkSj ekU;rkvksa dks gh <ks jgk gSA

^^rw ftUnk gS rks ftUnxh dh thr ij ;dhu dj vxj dgha gS LoxZ rks mrkj yk tehu ij----** bl egku~ lans'k dks nsus okyk vc ml nqfu;k ls pyk x;k Fkk tgka dk irk vkt rd fdlh us ugha ik;kA ysfdu 'kSysUnz vius xhrksa viuh dforkvksa ds 'kSyUs nz ds xhrksa esa lR;] vfgalk] esgur] vpkud eqEcbZ vkdk'kok.kh esa dke ekè;e ls vkt Hkh vius /wfey u iM+us I;kj] ekuork] d:.kk dk lan's k Hkjk gqvk djus okyh eqUuk cqvk jksrh fcy[krh ?kj okys xhrksa ds lkFk gekjs chp thfor gSaA gSA Hkkjrh; n'kZu esa ekuork dks loksiZ fj esa vkbaZ vkSj mUgksaus lwpuk nh fd 'kSysUnz njvly 'kSysUnz bl ns'k ds ,sls ekuk x;k gSA lar f'kjksef.k jfonkl us ekek ugha jgsA lHkh bl lwpuk ls LrCèk flrkjs Fks ftudh ped dHkh Hkh iQhdh csxeiqjk 'kgj dh dYiuk dh vkSj lcdks jg x,A fopkjksa ppkZvksa dk flyflyk Fke ugha iM+sxhA muds xhr ,d vksj tgk¡ bl feytqy dj jgus vkSj esgur ls ftruk x;kA [kcj ,slh Fkh dh firk th dh ns'k dh lfn;ksa ls pyh vk jgh lerkoknh feys mlesa xqtkjk djus dh ckr dghA vk'kkvksa ij ikuh fiQj x;k FkkA mUgksaus tks ijaijk dks vkxs c<+krh jgsxh ogha mudh ^^csxeiqjk 'kgj dks ukmAA lius cqus Fks og pwj&pwj gks x;s FksA dfork,a lkekftd vkanksyu dks vkanksfyr nq[kq vanksgq ugha frfg BkmAA** njvly esjs firk th lkfgR; dyk ds djrh jgsxhaA gky esa mudh dforkvksa dk isez h FksA muds thou ls tqM+h ?kVuk,a ,oa ladyu ^vUnj dh vkx* ds uke ls lr~xq: jfonkl dgrs gSa fd ftl dk;Z bl ckr dh xokgh nsrs gSa fd cgqeq[kh izdkf'kr gqvkA fnYyh esa bl iqLrd dk 'kgj esa os jgrs gSa mldk uke csxeiqjk izfrHkk ds /uh gksus ds dkj.k mUgksaus gj yksdkiZ.k gqvkA dk;ZØe fujk'kk tud 'kgj gS ml 'kgj esa nq%[k vkSj fpUrk dk izdkj dk dk;Z fd;kA lkfgR;] dyk jgkA fiVs&fiVk, rjhds ls oDrkvksa us fiQj dksbZ LFkku ugha D;ksafd lc vius&vius laxhr gj {ks=k esa mudk ;ksxnku Hkqyk;k ls bl egku xhrdkj ds izfr mis{kk gh dk;Z esa yxs gSa vkSj vius&vius esgur ls ugha tk ldrkA cMs+ gh dykRed rjhds izdV dhA ,slk dHkh ugha gks ldrk fd tks mUgsa feyrk gS mlesa [kq'k gSaA lR; ls mUgksaus dbZ dk;Z fd,A iVuk esa dbZ bl izdkj dh mis{kk ls muds xhr vkSj vfgalk ds lkFk fcuk Hksn Hkko ds fey lkaLd`frd dk;ZØeksa esa mUgksaus fo'ofo[;kr dfork,a {kh.k gks tk,axhA muds xhr vkSj tqy ds lHkh lekt dks izxfr dh jkg ij vxLr 2013

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

ys tk jgs gSaA blh fopkj/kjk dks vkxs c<+krs gq, 'kSysUnz us xhr fy[kk vkSj bl ns'k dh ijaijk dks iqu% nksgjk;kA os vius bl xhr ds ekè;e ls mn~?kks"k djrs gSa% ^gksBkas is lPpkbZ jgrh gS] tgka fny esa liQkbZ jgrh gS ge ml ns'k ds oklh gS ftl ns'k esa xaxk cgrh gSA ^esgeka tks gekjk gksrk gS oks tku ls I;kjk gksrk gS T;knk dh ugha ykyp gedks] FkksM+s esa xqtkjk gksrk gSA* Ikwjs xhr esa Hkkjrh; n'kZu dks mUgksaus mM+sy fn;k gSA bUlkfu;r dks ugha igpkuus okyksa ds fy, os fy[krs gSa% ^dqN yksx tks T;knk tkurs gSa bUlku dks de igpkurs gSa ;s iwjc gS] iwjc okys] gj tku dh dher tkurs gSa* 'kSysUnz jSnkl dh rjg feytqy dj jgus vkSj ,d nwljs ds lq[k nq%[k esa lgkjk cuus dh ckr dgrs gSa] ekuork lcls cM+h pht gSA vPNs deZ ds dkj.k gh yksx ;kn fd, tkrs gSaA feytqy ds jgks vkSj I;kj djks] ,d pht ;gh tks jgrh gSA larf'kjksef.k jfonkl dgrs gSa ^lar rq>h ruq laxfr izku lfrxqj fxvku tkuS lar nsoknsoA* ,drk] lekurk] HkkbZpkjk ls gh ekuork dks c<+kok feyrk gSA 'kSysUnz us Lo;a ^rhljh dle* uke dh fiQYe cukbZA ;g fiQYe dbZ n`f"V;ksa ls vf}rh; gSA bl fiQYe ds ,d xhr esa 'kSysUnz us dchj ds laiw.kZ n'kZu dks mMs+y fn;k gS% ^lTku js >wB er cksyks [kqnk ds ikl tkuk gS] Uk gkFkh gS u ?kksM+k gS ogka iSny gh tkuk gSA* ltu js-----------rqEgkjs egy pkSckjs] ;gh jg tk,axs lkjs] lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vdM+ fdl ckr dh I;kjs] vdM+ fdl ckr dh I;kjs ;s lj fiQj Hkh >qdkuk gS] Lktu js >wB er cksyks [kqnk ds ikl tkuk gSA yM+diu [ksy esa [kks;k] tokuh uhan Hkj lks;kA cq<+kik ns[kdj jks;k] ogh fdLlk iqjkuk gSA ltu js >wB---Hkyk dhtS Hkyk gksxk] cqjk dhtS cqjk gksxk] cgh fy[k fy[k ds D;k gksxk] ;gha lc dqN pqdkuk gSA Lktu js >wB er cksyks [kqnk ds ikl tkuk gSA dchj dh rjg 'kSysUnz bl thou dh u'ojrk ij fopkj rks djrs gh gSa lkFk gh lr~ deksZa dh lykg nsrs gSa_ dchj ds fuEufyf[kr opu ns[ksa% ^^lwry jgywa eSa uhan Hkfj gks] xq: fngySa txkbZAA VsdAA

lsanqj ykbAA4AA izse fi;kyk fi;kb ds gks] xq: fn;kS ckSjkbZA fcjg vfxu ru ryiQS gks] ft; dNq u lqgkbZAA5AA map vVfj;k pf<+ cSBywa gks] tga dky u [kkbZA dgS dchj fopkfj ds gks] te nsf[k Msjk;AA dkSu Bxok uxfj;k ywVy gksA pUnu [kkV ds cuy [kVksyok rkij nqyfgu lwry gksA mBks jh l[kh eksjs ekax laokjks] nqygk eksls :ly gksAA vkb tekt iyax pf<+ cbBs] uSuu vkalw VwVy gksA pkj tus fefy [kkV mBoys] pgaw fnfl /w /w mBy gksAA dgr dchj lquks HkkbZ lk/kS] tx ls ukrk VwVy gksA

Pkju dacy ds vatu gks] uSuk ysyw dchj dh rjg vYgM+iu dk iwjk yxkbZA Hkko fuEufyf[kr xkus ls fn[kkbZ nsrk Tkg ls fuafn;k u vkos gks] ufga gS%& ru vylkbZAA A AA ^^Eksjk uke jktw ?kjkuk vuke Xkq: ds opu fut lkxj gks] pyq pyh gks ugkbZA tUke&tue ds iiok gks] fNu esa Mkjc /qokbZAA 2AA

Ckgrh gS xaxk tgka esjk /ke dfojkt dgs& u ;s jkt jgs] us ;s rkt jgs] us ;s jkt?kjkuk

ofg ru ds tx nhi fd;ks] lqr cfr;k yxkbA

<iyh mBk vkokt feyk

ikap rRr ds rsy pqvk;s] czgk vfxu txkbZAA3AA

/wy dk ,d ckny vycsyk]

Xkk fey ds esjs lax isze rjkuk**

lqefr xguokA ifgjySa gks] dqefr fngykSa mrkjA

fudyk gaw vius liQj esa vdsyk

fuxqZu ekafx;k laojyh gks] fuHkZ;

dkgs eku djs] vfHkeku djs

xqipqi ns[kqa eSa nqfu;k dk esyk---

vxLr 2013

cq¼] bZ'kk] dchj] jSnkl dh Hkk¡fr 'kSysUnz dekbZ dks izlUurk ds lkFk fey&tqy ;gh pkgrs gSa fd nwljs dk nq%[k nwj djds dj [kkrs gSaA ,d fnu rks gS tkuk yksx vius fny esa lcds izfr izse dh ^cHkus ds ys[ks ge fHkf[k;k u <iyh mBk vkokt feyk T;ksfr tyk,a vkSj bldks os laiw.kZ thou ekaxc tk dk eq[; mn~ns'; ekurs gSaA 1967 esa cuh Xkk fey dj lax izse rjkuk---** Bdqjs ds ys[ks ufga ymjh ^xkbM* fiQYe esa os iqu% Hkkjrh; n'kZu Ikqu% ns[ks thou dh u'ojrk dks pykbfc dks vius bl xhr esa mM+sy nsrs gSaA nqfu;k os fdl izdkj izdV djrs gSaA dh u'ojrk dks vn~Hkqr :Ik esa mUgksaus ,sls lgqvk ds ys[ks ufga MkaM+h ge ^^feV~Vh ls [ksyrs gks ckj&ckj izLrqr fd;k gSA ekjc tk fdlfy, ^^dgrs gSa Kkuh] nqfu;k gS ikuh vfgjk ds ys[ks ufga xb;k VwVs gq, f[kykSuksa ls I;kj pksjbfc ikuh is fy[kh fy[kkbZ fdlfy,** HkaVm ds ys[ks u dfcr ge tksjc gS lcdh ns[kh] gS lcdh tkuh Tkhou esa ges'kk vkxs c<+us dh tk gkFk fdlh ds uk vkbZ iszj.kk nsrs gq, os dg mBrs gSa& ixM+h u ckfUg ds dpgjh esa dq N rs j k uk es j k ^^Åij uhps uhps Åij tkbfc eqlkfiQj tk,xk dgka!** ygj pys thou dh viu ifluok ds iblk dekbfc vius dks vukM+h dgrs gq, os ;g tk uknka gS tks cSB fdukjs iwNsa jkg fy[krs gSa fd bl thou esa mUgksaus dksbZ ?kj Hkj fefy&tqyh ckafV&pksfV oru dh gksf'k;kjh ugha lh[kh gS] rsjs&esjs ds >esyksa [kkbfcA* pyuk thou dh dgkuh #duk dks mUgksaus ikl ugha iQVdus fn;kA 1954 esa xhrdkj 'kSysUnz us ^cwV ekSr dh fu'kkuh** ^lc dqN lh[kk geus] ikWfyl* fiQYe esa ,d xhr fy[kk% pjSosrh ds rtZ ij os pyrs jgus dh u lh[kh gksf'k;kjh ^^Hkh[k esa tks eksrh feys rks Hkh iszj.kk nsrs gaSA tks Fkd dj #d x;k le>ks lp gS nq f u;k okyks a ge u ysaxs mldk var vk x;kA esgeku rq>s

'kSysUnz dk ,d&,d xhr vius vki esa iwjk iQyliQk c;ka dj nsrk gSA mUgksaus fuEufyf[kr xhr esa bZ'kk ds izse dks ekuks bl :Ik esa lesV fn;k%

fd ge gSa vukM+h nqfu;k us fdruk le>k;k dkSu gS viuk dkSu ijk;k*

1914 esa ghjk Mkse us ^vNwr dh ^fdlh dh eqLdjkgVksa is gks f'kdk;r* uke ls ,d dfork dh jpuk fulkj dh FkhA egkohj izlkn f}osnh us fdlh dk nnZ fey lds rks ys ^ljLorh* if=kdk esa bl dfork dks m/kj izdkf'kr fd;k FkkA bl dfork esa fdlh ds okLrs gks rsjs fny esa lkekftd leL;kvksa ls lacaf/r egRoiw. kZ eqn~ns mBk, x, gSaA ysfdu bl dfork I;kj dh lcls cM+h 'kfDr ;g gS fd blesa thuk blh dk uke gSA* esgurd'k balkuks dh vkokt cqyan dh yksxksa dk thou bPNkvksa ds ihNs xbZ gSA lHkh Bsdsnkjksa dks pqukSrh nsrs gq, Hkkxus esa yxk jgrk gS ysfdu lHkh dks rFkk Nkrh rku dj ghjk Mkse dgrs gS laiw.kZ bPNk dh izkfIr ugha gksrhA ysfdu fd ge eqÝr[kksj ugha gSa ge esgur dh vxLr 2013

ftanxh ds vkalqvksa dh ekyk igusaxs eqf'dyksa ls yM+rs&fHkM+rs thus esa etk gSA** ,slk yxrk gS ekuks iqu% ghjk Mkse dh dfork ds Hkko dks nksgjk fn;k x;kA esgrud'k bUlku dh rjg thus esa vkuan gSA ns'k esa Hk"Vªkpkj blh ls c<+k D;ksfa d yksxksa esa eqÝr[kksjh dk Hkko Hkj x;kA ysfdu lekt vkSj jk"Vª dh rjDdh ds fy, esgurd'k bUlku cuuk t:jh gSA bl izdkj 'kSyUs nz ds xhr ges'kk O;fDr dks] lekt dks vkSj iwjs jk"Vª dks jkg fn[kkrs jgsxa As (ys[kd bXuq esa izkis Qslj o Hkkstiqjh Hkk"kk lkfgR; ,oa laLd`fr dsUnz ds la;kstd gS)a

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

u ?kj dk u ?kkV dk v'kksd dqekj

cs vks mYyw ds iV~Bs! bèkj vkvks <ksa<wA** latho us <ksa<w ls dg dj chl&iPphl czkã.k Bkdqj jgs gksaxs ckdh lc Hkaxh] clksj] yqgkj] dkNh] pekj vkSj fdèkj tkrk gSA nhoku us nhoku dh rjiQ ns[kk vkSj pyk x;kA iwNkA nhoku us BaMh lkal Hkjh vkSj vius blh rjg dh tkr okys yksx FksA vke is'kk ljdkj us cqyk;k gS gqtwj---A vki ls dgk] ^^dgk Fkk] ljdkj! foyk;r [ksrh FkkA ysfdu Fks lc dkexkjA tehankj ,d Fkk& ykyk txr ukjk;.k flagA lkjs ljdkj us! rq>s cqyk;k gS\ gk gk gk xkao dh tehusa mlh dh FkhaA dqN muds gk---! vcs gjkeh] ml lM+d ls tkrs D;k ykyk th ds ys ns dj nkns&ijnkns dh jgh gksxh ckdh ih<+h nj rq>s dkaVs pqHkrs gSa\** ,d yM+dk Fkk latho ih<+h vkl&ikl ls gfFk;k yh x;ha ;k fiQj cgh&[kkrs ds dtsZ ds ,ot mudh NksVs ljdkj us dgk bèkj ls vkvksA--ujk;u fla g A Nks V k Fkk gks x;haA tehankj dks vke yksx ^ljdkj* blfy, gqtwjA** blfy, yks x mls ^Nks V s vkSj Åaph tkfr ds yksx ^ykykth* dgrs NksVs ljdkj us dgk---\ ^^;s vaxzsth ljdkj* cqykrs FksA FksA ykykth ds ifjokj dks NksM+ dj nl& i<+s fcyk;r&iyV lkjs laLdkj èkks iUnzg Åaph tkr okys vkSj FksA ikap N% MkysaxsA** t+ghu Fkk] gksugkj Fkk czkã.k tks xkao dk efUnj pykrs Fks] nks ^^D;k ckr gS\** latho dh vkokt vkSj rjDdh ilan pkj Bkdqj&dk;LFk ljdkj ds ukSdj Fks vkbZA [;kyksa dk FkkA tc vkSj cfu;ksa dh nks nqdkusa FkhaA ^^NksVs ljdkjA ik; ykxwA** nhoku us th ds ys ns dj ,d yM+dk ljdkj us ns[kk fd ;g Fkk laykyk dej >wdk dj dgkA tho ujk;u flagA NksVk Fkk blfy, ^^D;k ckr gS\**

^^ckr dksbZ ugha ljdkj--- eSa rks ;s dg jgk Fkk fd bu yksxksa ds tkus dk jkLrk ogka ls gS\**

xans cPpksa ls cgqr ?kqy&fey dj [ksyrk gS rks mUgksaus mls 'kgj Hkst dj gkWLVy esa nkf[ky djok fn;kA fiQj foyk;r Hkst fn;kA

yksx mls ^NksVs ljdkj* cqykrs FksA t+ghu Fkk] gksugkj Fkk vkSj rjDdh ilan [;kyksa dk FkkA tc ljdkj us ns[kk fd ;g xans cPpksa ls cgqr ?kqy&fey dj [ksyrk gS rks mUgksaus mls 'kgj Hkst dj gkWLVy esa nkf[ky djok fn;kA fiQj foyk;r Hkst fn;kA ysfdu yM+dk lpeqp gksugkj Fkk] mls viuh feV~Vh ls I;kj Fkk vkSj vius yksxksa ls eqgCcr! og i<+kbZ [kRe djds okil vk x;kA mlus [ksrh ds tks u;s rjhds lh[ks Fks] mUgsa og Hkkjrh; ifjos'k esa ykxw djus ds t+fj;s [kkstus yxkA

^^dc rd rqe yksx bu xjhcksa dks rax djrs jgksxs\--- lhèkh lM+d ;gka ls gS rks ;gka ls bUgsa D;ksa ugha tkus nsrs\ cseryc Ms<+ ehy ds pDdj okyk jkLrk ysus dks D;ksa dgrs gks\** u Hksft,---A eysPNksa esa i<+saxs&jgsaxs rks ^^NksVs ljdkj--- xqLrk[kh ekiQ gks] ysfdu eysPN O;ogkj gh djsxs---A ysfdu ugha-fiNyh N% ihf<+;ksa ls ;gh jhfr pyrh vk;h vgaA gks x;h rlYyh---A vc gosyh esa gSA 'kwnkz as ds fy, gosyh ds fiNokM+s tkus dk Hkaxh&clksj nkf[ky gqvk djsaxs---A f'ko---f'ko--- f'kokA** jkLrk ogha eafnj gks djds gSA** xkao dk pyu Fkk fd gosyh ds <ks y iq j k Nks V k lk xka o FkkA nks <+ k bZ lkS lkeus okys njokts ls fliQZ Åaph tkfr ds ^^rks vc ;g jhfr cny MkyksA ;s vc fiNokM+s ls ugha vkxs ls tk,axsA dh vkcknh gksxhA blesa ls eqf'dy ls yksx gh vk tk ldrs FksA uhph tkfr lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vxLr 2013

okys] dkexkj] ukSdj ;k fdlku yksx fiNys njokts ij [kM+s gksrsA oDr eqdjZj gksrk] ml oDr nhoku vk dj mudh ckr lqurkA vxj dksbZ ^ljdkj* ls feyus dh njdkj djrk rks mls pkSiky ij cqyk;k tkrkA pkSiky ij ^ljdkj* eghus esa ,d ckj vkèks ?kaVs ds fy, n'kZu nsrs FksA gosyh ds ihNs ,d efUnj FkkA ogka lqcg ls 'kke rd ikB pyk djrk nks ckj vkjrh vkSj izlkn ckaVk tkrk FkkA ysfdu 'kwnzksa dk ogka nkf[ky gksuk euk FkkA muds fy, ckgj ,d Fkky esa izlkn j[k fn;k tkrkA os ,d&,d djds vkrs vkSj izlkn ys tkrsA eafnj rd tkus ds jkLrs Hkh nks FksA ,d lhèkk Åaph tkfr okyksa ds fy,] tks gosyh ds cxy ls tkrk Fkk] nwljk ?kwe dj dksbZ Ms<+ ehy ds pDdj okyk 'kwnzksa ds fy,A ;gh jkLrk gosyh ds fiNokM+s rd Hkh igqaprk FkkA vkt <ksa<w dks mlh lhèks jkLrs tkrs ns[k dj nhoku us Vksdk Fkk vkSj latho us mls tkus fn;k FkkA latho ujk;.k ds y{k.k ^ljdkj* ds xys drbZ ugha mrjrs Fks] ysfdu D;k djsa yM+dk Fkk mudk--- bdykSrk okfjlA cq<+kis dk lgkjk vka[kksa dk fpjkx ! dqN dj Hkh ugha ldrs FksA ^^;s D;k cnrehth gSA** ykyk th us iwNkA ^^D;k gqvk ckcwth---** latho le>rs gq, Hkh xksy dj x;kA ^^eafnj ds jhfr&fjokt rCnhy djus okys ge dkSu gksrs gSa\ tkurs gks egar th fdl dnj ukjkt+ gSa\** ^^eSaus rks fliQZ ;s dgk fd lhèkh lM+d ls tkvks! egar th ds f[kykiQ+ ;k eafnj ds mlqyks esa dksbZ jíkscny dh ckr gh ugha dhA** ^^lhèks jkLrs ls fliQZ Åaph tkfr okys tkrs gSa--- ;s ekywe Fkk u rqEgsa\** vxLr 2013

^^ckcwth] <ksa<w cw<+k vkneh gS] --- dhA mUgksaus dgk Hkxoku ds cuk, lc gSaA mldh mez dk [;ky Hkh rks djuk pkfg,] vkt rqe bèkj gh ls tkvksxs--- ugha --- lhèks jkLrs pyk tk,xk mlls jkLrk rks----!** vifo=k FkksM+s gh gks tk,xkA** rM+kd ls Bkdqj ds yM+ds us FkIiM+ ^^;s ckr fdl&fdl dks le>kbZ ekjkA tk,xh\** ^^lkys t+cku yM+krk gSA--- egar th ^^egar th ls eSa ckr d:axkA**

ls t+cku yM+krk gSA**

^^rqe ckr ugha djksxs] ekiQh ekaxksxs Hkksyk us bèkj&mèkj ns[kk fiQj <ksa<w ---- vkSj vkbUnk bl rjg dh csgwnk gjdrsa dk gkFk idM+ dj ihNs dh vksj ?klhVus djus ls ckt vkvksxs le>sA** yxkA tSls dg jgk gks] ?kj pyksA <ks<a w vNwr FkkA vkSj xkao ds lc vNwrksa esa lcls T+;knk mez okykA mldh] choh tekus gq, ej pqdh FkhA ejus lss igys mlus ,d yM+dk tuk Fkk] tks cpiu ls gh ekufld jksxh FkkA mlds gkFk] mldk psgjk mldh pky&<+ky] mlds gkoHkko mlds ekufld vlary q u dks t+kfgj djrs FksA fcydqy fdlh fpEikUth dh rjg fn[krk&O;ogkj djrk FkkA <ksa<w mlh ds fy, thrk FkkA D;ksafd u ml yM+ds dh le> esa dqN vkrk Fkk u vk ldrk FkkA yM+ds dk uke Fkk HkksykA vkBksa igj <ksa<w dks mls fy, ?kweuk] dke djuk iM+rk& D;k irk Hkksyk dc D;k dj cSBsA

ekeyk ysfdu dqN ,slk Fkk fd Åaph tkr okyksa dh ÅapkbZ [krjs esa iM+us dk vkns'k curk Fkk] blfy, 'kke dks eagr th ds lkFk xkao ds reke iafMr vkSj Bkdqj ljdkj dh gosyh ij igqap x,A nks pkj cfu;s Hkh Fks] tks viuh nqdku vdsyh NksM+ dj vkus dk cgkuk djds ;k rks vk, ugha] ;k fiQj Nw dj fudy fy,A mudks viuk eky cspus ls eryc---fdl tkr okys us [kjhnk blls mudks D;k erycA uhph tkr okyksa dks Mjk;k èkedk;k tk ldrk Fkk] muls T;knk eky Hkh ,saBk tk ldrk FkkA lks os bl >a>V esa D;ksa iM+rsA

^^ljdkj dh 'kku esa xqLrk[kh u gks ^^gjket+knsA NksVs ljdkj rks foyk;r rks ,d ckr dgaw** NksVs egar th us ls vk, gSaA mUgsa ;gka ds jhr&fjokt ekywe dgkA ugha gSaA rq>s rks ekywe gSaA rw rks le>rk vki cSfB;s! tks dqN dguk gS eSa gS fd gosyh ds fiNokM+s tkus ds fy, dgwaxkA eSaus ljdkj dk cpiu ls ued ;gka ls ugha vkuk pkfg,A** [kk;k gS esjk iwjk thou budh 'kj.k vkSj ^^xyrh gks x;h egkjktA** eafnj dh iwtk esa gh chrk gS** cM+s egar ^^xyrh gks x;h egkjkt nks twrs th cksysA ykxkvks lkys dks lhèkk gks tk,xkA cw<+k ^^eSa tkurk gwa] vki yksx D;k dgus gks x;k fNuky dh vkSykn] ejus dks vk;s gSaA** ljdkj ykyk txr ukjk;.k cSBk gS vkSj u èkeZ ns[krk gS u flag us lhèks eqís dh ckr djrs gq, dgk e;kZnkA** ^^yM+diu dh ey gSA lekt lqèkkj dk ^^egkjkt] eafnj esa cSBs Hkxoku dh ;s jktuSfrd&lkekftd Hkwr tks vktdy dle [kk dj dgrk gwa] eSa dHkh bèkj ls tokuksa ij lokj gS ogh gS] dqN&vkSj u vkrkA eq>ls NksVs ljdkj us tcjnLrh ughaA** 48

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

^^ge lc le>rs gSa ykyk thA ysfdu vxj ,d ckj NksVs ljdkj Hkh bls le> ysrs rks vPNk gksrkA**

^^dksf'k'k djus ls D;k ugha gksrk\** NksVs egar th us pqVdh yhA** ^^g¡] g¡**

^^vkidk lq>ko D;k gS\** cM+s egar ^ôkYehfd th] tks igys yqVsjs Fks th us lksp dj iwNkA ^^NksVs ljdkj dks cykvksA** cM+s ckn esa burs Kkuh gq, fd 'kq¼ czkã.k Hkh ^êsjk dguk ;s gS fd mUgsa Hkh viuk ljdkj us ukSdj ls dgkA mudh jfpr jkek;.k i<+us esa lkSHkkX; le>k tk,A bUlku le>k tk,A gs; ;k vNwr vLi`'; u le>k tk;sA** ^êSa ;gha gwa ckcw thA** fiQj latho ekurs gSaA** us ml nl ianzg dh HkhM+ dh rjiQ ^^rks mu lc dh tkr cny Mkfy;sA ^ôkYehfd th dh ckr vyx gSA** eq[kkfrc gks dj dgk] ^^dfg, egar vktdy rks ljdkj Hkh ;gh pkgrh gSA ^^dchj us rks iafMr dh ifjHkk"kk gh thA** fy[kk nhft, rglhy esa fd lc nfyíj ns nh gS] ^<kbZ v{kj izse dk i<+s lks iafMr ^^dguk D;k gSA ckr rks lc vki vc czkã.k gks x;s gSaA ?kqlsM+ nhft, mUgsa gks;A* le> gh x, gSaA ge rks dsoy ;g dg eafnjksa esa dj nhft, iwtk Hkh muds ^^vki dguk D;k pkgrs gS a \ ** jgs Fks fd ;fn vkxs ls ,slk dqN u fd;k gokysA Hkz"V djok nhft, ewfrZ;ka vkSj tk;s ftlls xkao dh eafnj dh Hkxoku ds ^^dsoy burk fd ftudks ge lc us gesa xksyh ls mM+ok nhft,A** cM+s egar cuk, o.kks± dh e;kZnk dk mYya?ku gks vNwr] vLi`'; vkSj gs; le>k gqvk gS] th mB [kM+s gq,A rks----A** mudk lkaLdkfjd] mRFkku djuk Hkh gekjk ^^vki esjh ckr xyr le> jgs gSaA** gh drZ O ; gS A ** ^^Hkxoku us rks viuh dìk ls lqvj latho us dgkA vkSj gkfFk;ksa dks Hkh cuk;k gSA rks D;k os ^^vkSj mlds fy, D;k djuk pkfg, ^^ykyk th gekjs ljdkj gSaA esjh ,d cLrh esa ,d txg jgrs gSaA** gesa\** muls dj ca¼ izkFkZuk gS fd bl ekeys esa ^^lqvj ,d uLy gS] gkFkh nwljh dy lqcg gh iapk;r cqyk;h tk;sA ;k rks ^^mUgsa ekSdk nsuk pkfg,A** uLy gSA ysfdu vkneh rks lHkh ,d gh ;s ekeyk lqy>sxk ;k fiQj gesa fuo`fÙk nh ^^dkgs dk\** uLy ds gSa] rks os rks ,d lkFk ,d txg tk, t; jke th dhA** egar th gosyh ^^vius lkekftd] uSfrd vkSj ds vkaxu ls ckgj fudyus yxsA lc ,d gks dj jg ldrs gSaA** vkfRed mRFkku dkA** muds ihNs gks fy;sA egar th ns[krs jg x,A fiQj ykyk th ^ôkg NksVs ykyk th---okg! Hkxoku dh rjiQ ns[k dj cksys] ^^NksVs ykyk th ykyk txr ukjk;u flag igys [kM+s ls ckr djuk csdkj izrhr gksrk gSA vki dh l`f"V esa gLr{ksi djok dj iki dk ns[krs jg x, fiQj latho dh rjiQ ,d gh bUgsa le>k ns rksa mÙke gksxkA gesa tks Hkkxh Hkh cuokb;sxkA okg!** fpuxkjh&ut+j ls ns[k dj vUnj pys x,A dguk Fkk geus dg fn;kA vc pysaxsA** ^^;s D;k uknkuh gS latho** cM+s latho pqipki Nr ij pyk x;k vkSj lksprk jgk fd vkneh vkSj tkuokjksa esa ^^czkã.k gksrs rks tkurs fd fdruk ykyk th ?kqM+ds! lajpuk ds vykok Hkh dksbZ iQdZ gS vkgr fd;k gS vkius gekjs ân; dks vkSj ^^;s uknkuh ugha gSA ckcw th! ;gh fdruk dqfRlr fd;k gS gekjs laLdkjksa vkt ds cnyrs nkSj dk rd+kt+k gSA vxj D;k! dksA** NksVs egar th mBrs&mBrs cksysA nwljs fnu iapk;r tqM+hA lc viuh vki blh rjg bu ncs gq, yksxksa dks nckrs ^êSa bl ij Hkh rS;kj gwaA** latho us jgs] rks ,d fnu ;s vkids f[kykiQ gks ckr dg pqds rks latho dks cqyk;k x;kA tk;saxsA vkSj vki yksx--- {kek dhft,--- latho us fiQj dgk fd vNwrksa dks mRFkku dgkA ge yksx! ge yksx gSa gh fdrus! iwjs xkao dk ,d ekSdk nsuk pkfg,A mlds reke ^^fdl ij** egar th us iwNkaA ds chl izfr'kr----T;knk ls T;knk iPphl rjhds lksps le>s x, vkSj lhèks&lhèks czkã.k cuus ijA [kkfjt dj fn;s x;sA izfr'kr!** ^^czkã.k cuk;s ugha tkrs] iSnk gksrs gSAa ^^vPNk ,d dke djrs gSaA** latho ^ôks rks ge ns[k jgs gSaA ---- oks vxj laLdkj Mkys ughaa tkrs iSnkb'kh gksrs gSAa ** gekjs f[kykiQ u Hkh gq, rks ge gh esa ls us dgkA dqN yksx mUgsa gekjs f[kykiQ dj nsxsaA** NksVs egar us dgk ^^vc D;kA** lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vxLr 2013

^^xkao esas djhc MsB+ ikSus nks lkS vNwr gSa--- buesa ls ,d vkneh dks ,d fnu ds fy, czkã.k ;k Bkdqj dk ntkZ ns dj ns[krs gSaA ---- bl rjg lky Hkj esa gj ,d dks nks fnu feysaxs tc og vNwr ugha dgyk,xkA** ^^mlls D;k gksxkA** ^^mlls ge lc dh&vNwrksa vkSj Åaph tkr okyksa] nksuksa dh ekufldrk ij cgqqr vlj iMs+xkA** cM+s egar th us ns[kk] [kqyh iapk;r gSA xkao ds lkjs vNwr ekStwn gSaA lc latho ds lkFk gks x, gSaA latho eafnj vkSj gosyh dk bdykSrk okfjl gSA ftlls fd lc dk [kkuk&ihuk pyrk gSA buls fcxkM+ djuk Bhd u gksxkA rks iQkSju cksys] ^^Bhd gSA vxj ,d fnu ds czkã.kRo ls muds laLdkj 'kqHk gks ldrs gSa rks gesa dksbZ vkifÙk ugha djuh pkfg,A** eafnj ds lc iqtkfj;ksa vkSj Bkdqjksa us egar th dh rjiQ vpaHks Hkjh lokfy;k ut+jksa ls ns[kkA egar th fcuk dksbZ ijokg fd;s cksyrs x,] ^^czkã.k dk tUe gh ekuo ds mRFkku vkSj fo|k ds nku ds fy, gksrk gSA ysfdu dsoy ,d ckr è;ku esa j[kuh gksxh] jhfr&fjoktksa esa ifjorZu ugha fd;k tk;sxkA** ^^D;k eryc\** ^^eryc ;s fd ftl fnu ds fy, tks 'kwæ czkã.k Bgjk;k tk;sxk] ml fnu og vNwrksa okys dke ugha djsxk] vkSj nwljh ckr ijaijkxr nwljs vNwrksa ls nwj jgsxk] mUgsa Nq,xk ugha] D;ksafd ml fnu og efUnj esa vUnj vk ldrk gSA**

dgkj lcls pqLr vkSj xk¡o okyksa dk ^^cPpk D;k le>sxk NksVs ykyk th vxqvk le>k tkus okyk ukStoku FkkA bldk eryc!** egar th VidsA mlus lc dh rjiQ ns[kkA cksyk] ^^vjs ^^rks fiQj\** NksVs ljdkj iwN jgs gSa vkSj rqe lc cqr ^^ljdkj! gekjh ekuks rks <kas<w ls cus gksA cksyks gka fd ukA** 'kq:vkr djrs gSaA** Vksyk us dgk] ^^Mksa<w ^^ljdkj gekjh le> esa ;s ckr ugha lcls cqtqxZ vkneh gSA xkao dkA le>nkj vkrhA Hkxoku us gesa ftl tkr esa iSnk gS] rtqcsZokyk gSA** fd;k gS] tks gekjs dje esa fy[kk gesa oks ^^vjs ugha] ljdkj] ge ughaA** <ksa<w rks thuk gh iMs+xkA ge og cnyus okys dkSu gksrs gSaA vkSj vxj ge ,d fnu ds us flj fgyk;kA ^^Vksyk D;ksa iQalk jgk gS fy, czkã.k ;k Bkdqj cu Hkh x, rks geasA b/j Hkksyk dh ftEesnkjh vkSj m/j gekjk mlls dkSu iQk;nk gksxk** ,d us rch;r [kjkcA gels ugha laHkysxkA** dgkA ^^ns[k fy;k] NksVs ykyk thA efrHkz"V ^^fcYdqy Bhd ckr gSA** nwljs us gks rks ,d er gksuk vlaHko gSA vHkh ge dg nsa rks lkjs czkã.kksa dks gekjh ckr dgkA ekU; gks tk;sA** cMs+ egar dks ekSdk feyk] ^^vjs rqEgsa czkã.k dkSu cuk jgk gSA ^êSa dgrk gwa fd ;g lc djds ns[k ;kj! ,d fnu ds fy, czkã.k tSlk gksus pqds] vc dsoy ogh dhft, tks ihf<+;ksa dks dg jgs gSaA djds ns[kksA lekt esa dh ijEijk gSA mlh esa vkuUn gSA** dkSu tkus lpeqp cnyko vk tk;sA lc latho us cSBh turk dh rjiQ xqLls ,d gksb tk,¡A** Vksyk us dgkA ls ns[kdj dgk] ^^rqe yksxksa ds fy, bruk ^^vkSj Åaph tkr dk gksus ij gesa djuk pkg jgs gSa vkSj rqe fdlh rjg iki yxk rks\** rhljs us dgkA le> gh ugha jgs gks! pyks <ksa<w rks <ksa<w! ^îki iqUu fdlus ns[kk gS jsA vkSj ;s egar th blh dks dy ds fy, czkã.k ;k dkSu lk iqUu ge Hkksx jgs gSa tks iki ls Bkdqj tks vki dgsa djkj nsrs gSaA** Mjrs gksA vk, fnu tks xw&xkyh [kk jgs gks ^^cuk gh jgs gSa rks czkã.k gh cukb,A de ls de ,d fnu ds fy, rks u gksxk Hkxoku th ns[ksa fd ekuo O;ogkj dgka gekjs lkFkA** Vksyk us dgkA rd tk ldrk gSA dy eafnj esa Hkxoku egar th us Vksyk dh lk[k ns[kh rks blds p<+k, iQwy Hkh Lohdkj djsaA** cksys] ^^çkjEHk Vksyk ls djrs gSaA dy ds ckr dh dM+okgV latho us utj fy, Vksyk dks czkã.k le>k tk,A** vankt dj nhA cksyk] ^^Bhd gS! lqcg ^ûgha ljdkj ;s ugha gksxkAA** Vksyk mBdj ugkdj lh/s eafnj tkukA fiQj cksykA gosyh ij vkdj djuk rc tkdj dksbZ ^^D;ksa\** latho us iwNkA vkSj dke djukA**

^^blfy, fd 'kq:vkr djks rks ;k rks ^^D;ksa Hkkb;ksa!** latho us 'kwæksa dh lcls NksVs ls ;k lcls cM+s lsA u;k&u;k rjiQ ns[kdj iwNk] ^^eatwj gS\** ekeyk gS] gesa Hkh le>kus esa le; lc pqi jgsA dksbZ cksyuk pkgrk Hkh yxsxkA** ugha Fkk vkSj fdlh dh le> esa dqN ugha ^^Bhd gSA bl cPps ls 'kq:vkr vk jgk Fkk fd cksysa rks cksysa D;k\ Vksyk djrs gSaA** latho us dgkA vxLr 2013

<ksa<w us pqipki ^^Bhd gS** esa flj fgyk;kA Vksyk us rkyh ctk;h rks vkSjksa us Hkh rkyh ctk;hA Hkksyk us Hkh ctk;hA egar th mB [kMs+ gq,A ^^pyks gks x;h iapk;rA --vc pysaA ---- t; jke th dhA** lkekftd U;k; lans'k

<ksa<w lkjk fnu vkSj lkjh jkr cgqr my>u esa jgkA xkyh] twBk vkSj ekj [kkrs thou chrk vkSj vc ,d fnu ds fy, tkr&ikr] [kku&iku] ckrphr dk lEeku oks dSls >sysxk\ oks [kq'k gksus dh ctk, O;fFkr FkkA Hkksyk tSlk Hkh gks le>rk rks Fkk fd ckiw ijs'kku gSA oks viuh rjg mls mNy&mNy dj [kq'k djus galkus dh dksf'k'k dj jgk Fkk] ysfdu <ksa<w ij dqN vlj u iM+kA jkr dks Hkksyk dks [kkuk f[kykdj mls lqyk fn;kA [kqn tkxrk jgkA lqcg pkj ds vklikl mBkA fiQj dqN iQwy rksM+ djds yk;kA /ksrh igu dj gh ugk;kA lkspk ,d gh /ksrh gS] blh cgkus /qy tk,xhA brus esa Hkksyw Hkh mB x;kA ysfdu Hkksyw rks 'kwæ dk csVk FkkA vc <ksa<w dh le> esa ugha vk;k Fkk fd ijEijkuqlkj mls Hkksyw dks Nwuk pkfg, ;k ughaA ysfdu Hkksyw dks u Nw,] mls ugyk;s /qyk;s ugha] f[kyk;s&fiyk;s ugha] rks Hkksyw dk dke dkSu djssxk\ mldk <ksa<w ds flok; vkSj gS gh dkSu\ tjk nsj rks eu esas mikiksg jgh] fiQj <ksa<w us lkspk fd ,Slh&rSlh tkr&cny dhA ugkus ls dksbZ czkã.k FkksMs+ gh gks tkrk gSA u p<+k,xk iQwy eafnj esaA Hkxoku rks lcds gSaA tSls bruk thou xqtkjk gS] oSls gh vc Hkh jgsxkA Hkksyw dks rS;kj dj fiQj lh/k tkdj egar th vkSj NksVs ljdkj ls cksysxk fd mlls ;g lc ugha gksxkA D;k djsaxs T;knk ls T;knk ekjsaxs] xkyh nsaxsA rks ns ysaA dkSu lh ubZ ckr gks tk,xhA ;g lksp dj <ksas<w us Hkksyk ds ugykus ds fy, ikuh ls Hkjh ckYVh mBkbZ vkSj Hkksyk dks cqy;kA Hkksyk vk dj [kq'kh&[kq'kh cSB x;kA eqf'dy ls ,d ykSVk ikuh <ksa<w us Hkksyk ij Mkyk gksxk fd mldk gkFk ciQZ tSls jg x;kA 'kjhj <qyd x;kA vka[ksa rjsj xbZA Hkksyk etk ysrs gq, rkyh ctkdj gal iM+kA fiQj tc <ksa<w mBk gh ugha] fgyk ugha] rks Hkksyk us mls Fkidh nsdj viuh rjg I;kj djds fgyk;kA <ksa<w fiQj lkekftd U;k; lans'k

Hkh ugha mBkA rc Hkksyk ukjkt++ gks dj ,d dksus esa cSB x;kA fnu p<+ vk;kA yksx ?kjksa ls ckgj vkus yxsA mUgksasus <ksa<w dks bl rjg yq<+dk gqvk ns[kk rks le> x, fd og rks x;kA ysfdu gkFk yxkrs Mj yxrk FkkA egar th dks dy dh dgh x;h ijEijk okyh ckr lcdks ;kn FkhA <ksa<w rks vkt ds fy, czkã.k FkkA mls gkFk dSls yxk ldrs FksA lc x, eafnjA egar th ckgj vk;sA

dks vc tks Hkh tyk,xk iki mBk,xkA fnu Hkj jgkA <ksa<w dh yk'k vkSa/h iM+h jghA Hkksyk ukle> vius ckiw ds 'kjhj ij Fkifd;k ekj dj mls txkus dh dksf'k'k esa jksrk jgkA pkjksa rjiQ HkhM+ tek gksrh jghaA Vksyk us dgk] ^^vjs dec[rksa gekjk vkneh ejk gS] gesa gh vkx nsuh iMs+xhA**

^^dec[+r rqe vkSj rqEgkjk [kkunkuA gesa bl ujd esa rqeus gh Myok;kA NksVs ljdkj yk[k dgrs ij rqeus vkx u ^^D;k ckr gS\** yxk;h gksrh] rks vkt ;s u gksrkA** ,d ^^egar th] <ksa<w ugha jgkA** vkt ds cq<~<k cedkA fy, D;ksafd tks czkã.k gS blfy, vkids ^^<ksa<w dks ekj ds dystk BaMk u dgs vuqlkj mls gkFk ugha yxk ldrsA gqvk D;k Vksyk\ vc gesa Hkh çHkq dk mldk nkg laLdkj vc czkã.k jhfr ls ijdksi yxok;sxkA** vkSj czkã.kksa ls gh djkuk iM+sxkA** Vksyk ls jgk u x;k] ^^ns[kks <ksa<w dks egar th ds gksBksa ij eqLdqjkgV vkus dksbZ ijdksi ugha gSaA u gesa gSA ,d gh yxh Fkh fd mUgsa yksxksa dk vkSj viuh <dkslyk rqEgs lquk fn;k x;k rqe eku xíh dk è;ku x;kA os xaHkhj gks x;sA x,A** cksys] ^^vc le>sA ;g e`R;q ugha gSA çHkq ^^<dkslykA** <ksa<w ej x;k ;s dk Jki gSA naM gSA viuh l`f"V ds lkFk <dkslyk gS\ vPNk gqvk ge ugha cus] vuFkZ og dSls ns[k ldrk gS\ <ksa<w dh ugha rks D;k irk ge gh ej tkrsA** e`R;q lko/ku djus dk ladsr gSA ,sls esa ^^mUgksaus dgk vkSj rqeus eku czkã.kksa ds fy, rks D;k Bkdqjksa ds fy, Hkh mldk nkg&laLdkj djuk iki dk fy;kA** Hkkxhnkj gksuk gSA mls rks vc tks Hkh ^^rks\ oks Kkuh gSaA mudh u ekusa\ tyk,xk iki gh mBk;sxkA** vkSj rqEgkjh ekusaA** ^^ftUnxh Hkj twrk ekjrss jgs] xkyh ^^vc D;k gks ldrk gS\ vkids dgs vuqlkj ge rks mls gkFk yxk ugha ldrsA nsrs jgs] vkt oks gh Kkuh gks x;sA llqjs vki yksx yxk;saxs ughaA vkSj ogka <ksa<w eafnj ds ckx esa cSB dj Hkkax vkSj 'kjkc ihrs jgsa] ukp xkuk djokrs jgas] mUgas rks eqnkZ iM+k gSA** u yxk çHkq dk ijdksiA\** ^^egUr th dks etk vk jgk Fkk&** ^^mudh ckr vkSj gSA** ^^bldk iQSlyk Hkh gosyh okys NksVs ^^vkSj gekjh ckr vkSj gS\ ge vkneh ykyk th djsaA** ugha gS\** lc ds lc gosyh ds fiNokMs+ tek ^^vkneh&vkneh esa iQdZ gksrk gSA** gq,A irk pyk NksVs ljdkj 'kgj x;s gSaA 'kke rd ykSVasxsA cM+s ljdkj us fiaM ^^rqe tkuks rqEgkjk iQdZ ----- ge NqM+kdj iQSlyk egar th ij NksM+ fn;kA <ksa<w dks bl gky esa ugha ns[k ldrsA cM+s egar th us dg gh fn;k Fkk fd <ksa<w rqe vkvks u vkvks bldk nkg laLdkj 51

vxLr 2013

^^rks ys pyks bldk laLdkj djks dgkA ge djsaxsA** Vksyk us vkxs c<+rs gq, ---A** dgkA ^^rks] cqM~<k rks ejus gh okyk Fkk---A ^^ge ugha ys pyrs --- lquk ugha ^^Vksyk!** ihNs ls Vksyk dh eka us ^^vkius rks dgk ijdksi gSA** egar th us D;k dgk gS\ ^^tks bldk nkg gkad yxkbZA ^^vjs NksM+ oks lc! gk;! lcls cM+k Vksyk eqM+kA ek¡ us dgk] ^^Vksyk rq>s laLdkj djsxk ogh iki dk Hkkxhnkj ijdksi rks rw gS esjh Nqjh!** gksxkA** esjh dle] gkFk yxk;k rks\** ^^NksfM+,] D;k djrs gSa\** latho us pkjksa rjiQ ns[kkA fiQj ^^ekbZ bldk dkSu gS\---- Hkksyk ds ^^vk gk gk! rw ftl fnu ugha vkrh cl dk gS ughaA ;s gkFk yxk;saxs ughaA NksVs xEHkhj Loj esa cksyk] ^^Bhd gS] rks fiQj bls eq>s gh ys tkuk iM+sxkA** u ml fnu u iwtk esa eu yxrk gS u ljdkj gSa ughaA ;gha lM+ tk;sxkA** HkhM+ meM+ iM+hA ^^ugha ugha vkjrh esaA** ^^tks tSlk djs] HkjsA esjk rsjs flok ljdkj --- vki ugha ljdkj --- vki Vksyk vkokt dk lgkjk ysdj mlh dkSu gS---- rq>s dqN gks x;k rks\** ugha** vki ugha rks dkSu gS gekjk fn'kk esa vkxs c<+kA ^^vjs ekbZ rw Hkh budh ckrksa esa vk fiQjA** pqipkiA ,sls fd iÙks Hkh u ljdkA x;hA** ;s ijdksi&ojdksi dqN ugha gSA ^^rks Bhd gS] igys gkFk eSa yxkrk gw¡A <ksa<w rks tkus dks cSBk gh FkkA** rc rd ,d dkSok bruh t+ksj ls ckn esa rqe yksxA** dkao&dkao djrk mM+k fd lkjk ekgkSy ^^tks Hkh gks----- rw gkFk ugha Vks y k la t ho ds lkFk gks fy;kA eka us dkSa/k x;kA yxk,xkA** fiQj ,d ckj vkokt yxk;h ysfdu rc rd ^^dksbZ vk jgk gSA** vkSjr us dgkA Vksyk ekbZ dh ckr u Vky ldkA 'kke nksuksa us <ks<a w ds 'kjhj dks Fkke fy;k FkkA gks x;hA va/sjk gksus yxkA Hkksyk jksrs&jksrs ^^dkSok gS tkuwA** lc yks x cM+ s dkS r w g y vkS j d"V ls Fkd x;k vkSj <ksa<w dh yk'k ij gh lj ^^NksM+ks --- tkus nks --- dksbZ gS! vkSjr j[ks lks x;kA lc pkjksa rjiQ [kM+s jgs] pkjksa rjiQ rek'kk ns[krs jgsA <ksas<w dk iYyw NqM+k dj isM+ksa ds ihNs ls lk, dh fiQj cSB x;sA eafnj esa vkjrh ds ?kaVs 'kjhj lh/k djuk eqf'dy gks jgk FkkA fiQj nks vknfe;ksa dks Hkstk x;k BBjh dk rjg fn[kh vkSj Hkkx yhA** ctuss yxsA lkeku ykusA vkneh ihNs&ihNs Hkkxrk fpYykrk vpkud va/sjk phjrh nwj ls ,d Hkksyk dks fdlh rjg nkg ds fy, gqvk lk vk;k --jks'kuh vkrh utj vk;hA jkth fd;k x;kA ^^lkyh pekj dh csVh jgsxh pekju jks'kuh ikl vkrh x;h vkSj ogha 'e'kku ls yksxksa dks ykSVrs ykSVrs jkr ghA dy vkuk rc rqEgs ns[krk gwaA** vkdj #d x;hA NksVs ljdkj FksA viuh ds nks ct x,A bruh jkr rd bl xkao vkneh >kfM+;ksa ls ckgj vkdj dej ij thi ls mrj dj Hkkxrs gq, vk;sA esa dkSu tkxrk FkkA Vksyk vkSj mlds nks gkFk j[ks va/sjs esa [kM+k gks x;kA ^^D;k gqvk\** latho us iwNkA pkj nksLr Fkds&Fkdk, eafnj ds ikl okys Vksyk nks gkFk ds iQ+klys ij FkkA ^^ns[k ysvks NksVs ljdkj ----- ge ij jkLrs ds eksM+ ij cxhps esa chM+h ihus ds mlus ekfpl fudky dj ml vkneh ds cgkus lqLrkus cSB x;sA dkyh jkrA eqag ds lkeus tyk;hA çHkq us D;k ekj ekjh gS\** lUukVk! vkSjrsa tks vc rd u jks ik;h Fkha ns[kk cM+s egUr th [kM+s gSaA egUr th fiQj gYdh&gYdh [kq l [kq l kgV /kM+ ekj dj jksus yxhaA grçHkA lquk;h nhA ^^çHkq dk ijdksi yx x;k cspkjs dks nksuksa us dqN nsj cxSj dqN dgs lqus ^^vkt bruh ns j dj nhA** enkZ u h ---A** ,d nwljs dh rjiQ ns[kkA fiQj egar th vkokt FkhA /ksrh dk NwVk vkSj vius da/s ij vks<+rs ^^NksVs ljdkj --- bls czkã.k u cukrs ^^vkt lc vcrd tkx jgs Fks --- gq, nwljh vkSj vkS>y gks x;s\ rks D;k tkrk ---\ de ls de ftank rks (ys[kd tkus ekus dgkuhdkj gS)a <ksa<w ej x;k gS u!** fdlh vkSjr us jgrk --- Hkksyk dk vc dkSu gS\** vxLr 2013

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

dfork,a

oks Hkh balku gS ukjh Hkh balku gS

eqUuk lkg

Lusgk Hkkjrh ukjh gwa dVh irax rks ugha tc pkgk ftlus ywV fy;k tc pkgk dpjs dh Hkkafr iQsad fn;k ukjh gwa dksbZ oLrq rks ughaA lSdM+ksa dh HkhM+ esa ,d gkFk Hkh ,slk ugha feyk tks [khpsa vkapy dks Fkkedj iqu% ;FkkLFkku j[k nsrk] ftl xyh ls] ftl lM+d ls xqtjh lc us og'kr Hkjh fuxkgksa ls ns[kk >kaduk pkgk esjs oL=kksa ds vUrZ D;k ;gh gS enks± dh 'kku tks dgykrk gS ukjh dk j{kd ukjh gwa rqEgkjh og'kr dk lkeku ughaA tks vius ?kj esa gS D;k mlls fuokZg ugha gksrk D;k oks eu dks ugha yqHkkrh\ vxj gk¡] fiQj D;wa ;gk¡&ogk¡ iki dekrs gks vkSj ugha Hkh] bruk iki dekus dh vko';drk rks ugha vkthou ftldh j{kk dk ozr fy;k gS rqeus rqe [kqn gh mlds Hk{kd cus gks balku gks] gSoku D;wa cus gksA ifr] ,d dks ?kj esa lqjf{kr j[krk gS] nwljh L=kh ij cqjh fuxkg Mkyrk gS HkkbZ] tks viuh cgu dh ykt cpkrk gS ogh] nwljs dh Hkfxuh dk jsi djrk gS D;k [kwc fuHkkbZ gS jk[kh dh ykt rqeus oks Hkh ukjh gS rqEgkjh [kSjkr ughaA vlgk; tqYe fd;k gS rqeus esjh dkSe ij lkekftd U;k; lans'k

,d nsoh dks vkt lekt dh xanxh cuk fn;k fiQj rqEgha us] lekt ds Bsdsnkjksa us] ikiu] dyaduh] nq"V] Mk;u D;k! lqUnj 'kCnksa ls iqdkjdj lEekfur fd;k gS ukjh dks j{kk ugha nqjkpkj fd;k gS esjs lkFkA rqeus gh esjs vk¡py dks nkxnkj fd;k gS] turk ds chp esa [kM+s nks"k nsrs gks eq>s rqe lekt dk lEeku ik jgs gks vkSj eSa ftYyr mBk jgh gw¡ ,slk D;w¡ gksrk gS rqe iki djds Hkh fujijk/ dgykvks] eSa vijk/ghu Hkh vfXu ijh{kk nwa D;k fliQZ blfy, D;k iq#"k vkSj eSa vkSjr rqe iq#"k gks U;k; ds fo/krk ughaA ek¡ dk v¡xuk Hkh ns[kk [kwc xk; ds leku ijofj'k dh esjh ckY;koLFkk esa gh fny VwV ds feyk [kkd esa cki us ifr dh HksaV p<+k nh ngst ds yksHkh nfjanks us\ vfXu dh cfy p<+k nh ukjh g¡w rqEgkjs vk¡xu dh xk; rks ugha balku gw¡ dksbZ i'kq rks ughaA ?kk;y ân; fo/krk ls djs f'kdok] nq[k esa rqe Hkh ijk, gq, fof/ dh nsoh us rks ';ke iV~Vh ck¡/h gS fdUrq] rqe rks loZLo ns[k jgs gks fiQj D;aw] ukjh dks f[kykSuk le>] xSj Hkh vius Hkh nqO;Zogkj fd, tk jgs gSa] ukjh Hkh rks balku gS] ukjh Hkh balku gSA 53

balku Js; pkgrk gS Lo;a dks Js"B dgrk tkfr gks jax xk¡o 'kgj xyh eqgYyk nwljs dks NksVk fn[kkus dh ijEijk vU; thoksa esa ugha tks ekuo ugha ehekald ugha ekuo lk vgadkj ugha èku lap; dk Nn~e dSls lh[ks oks\ dqN thoksa esa ekuo ds vn~Hkqr y{k.k nh[kus yxs gSa lcls vOoy VkWeh dqÙkk tks dqN dykvksa esa ekuo ls Hkh ekfgj caxys esa jg jgs dqN yksx okfdiQ gksaxs ftuds ikl ?kj gS os rks ;gh dgrs esjk ?kj cM+k gS fiQj tks lM+d fdukjs yxkrs gSa viuk fcLrj oks Hkh rks balku gSa vDlj muds cPps VSªfiQd ds HkhM+ esa fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa [kM+h yEch&yEch foyklh xkfM+;ksa ds ikl gkFk iQSyk, flDds dh ekax djrs LoxZ dh vIljk,a bBykrh nso tkfr;ka budh rjiQ utj fiQjkuk cnfdLerh ls de ugha le>rh xkfM+;ksa ds 'kh'ks ljiV can djrs lkgc lqns yksx okrkuqdwfyr dejs esa tUe ls lks jgs gSa oks dksbZ cpiu ls jksVh ds fy, jks jgk gSA vxLr 2013

nfyr lkfgR;

foØe dqekj dh pkj dfork,a

fnekx ls ugha i<+sa fny ls nfyr lkfgR; viuk le>dj eglwl djsa nfyrksa dh laosnuk fiQj fparu rc tkdj foe'kZ mÙkj&vkèkqfudrk dh nsu dks vkèkqfudrk ds ^eksM* ls le>sa rc tkdj irk yxsxk leL;k dgka gS ojuk fooknksa esa gh vVdsxk laosnukRed LokuqHkwr lkfgR; foe'kZ dh ckr csbZekuh gksxhA

vkvks&vkvks [kkstuk iM+rk gS ghjk dks [kksnuh iM+rh gS cgqr xgjh èkjrh rc tkdj feyrk gS og ?kqIi] vaèksjs] dkys dks;yksa ds chp [kkstuh iM+rh gS vPNkbZ e'kDdr djuh iM+rh gS viukus esa rc dksbZ vPNk balku curk gS cqjs ls egku curk gS fdlh dks dqN ;wa gh ugha feyrk gksrk gS NViVkuk rM+iuk] yM+uk] ejuk rc tkdj feyrk gS og tM+ksa dks dqjsnks cqjkbZ;ksa dks fudkyks vius dks rikvks] cukvks rHkh iQSyk ldksxs izdk'k vius vanj] vius vklikl tkfr feVkvkss] oa'kokn gVkvks {ks=kokn gVkvks] oa'kokn gVkvks vkvks&vkvks dqN u;k cukvksA vxLr 2013

fjD'kkokyk

nfyr

dkyk] iryk] NksVk] xank&lk efj;y fjD'kkokyk cy blds 'kjhj esa ugha [khaprk gS nks&nks eksVs ekuq"k viuh lhV ij cSBdj cy ls ugha iSMy ij [kM+s gks 'kkjhfjd Hkkj ls cszd nckdj dkjokyk vkdj vpkud lkeus #dok nsrk fjD'kk cspkjk fjD'kkokyk nqckjk 'kkjhfjd cy yxkrk rc viuh xfr esa vkrk dkj okyk ,DlhysVj nck ets ls vkxs c<+ tkrk iwjs fnu esa lkS&nks lkS ikrk dqN [kqn [kkrk dqN ?kj iagqpkrk jkr esa fjD'ks ij lksrk ns'k dh rjDdh bls ekjrh thus dk vfèkdkj Nhurh iqfyl okys dkjkas ds vkokxeu gsrq tCr dj rksM+rs fjD'kk cscl fjD'kkokyk] xkyh [kkrk jg tkrk ek;wl gkFk tksM+dj ns[krk xanxh] xjhch dk izrhd cuk fnYyh esa fjD'kk gVk yks fjD'kk] ij dSls pysxh ftanxh bldh vehjksa] lÙkkokyksa] iqfylokyksa viuh vekuqf"kdrk esa D;k ekj gh Mkykxs bu Jfedksa dks\

nfyr oks ftls nck;k x;k nfyr oks ftls ny ls gVk;k x;k nfyr oks tks nCcw gS nfyr oks tks jkgq gS fdlus nck;k mls\ fdlus gVk;k mls] nCcw mls cuk;k fdlus\ jkgq mls cuk;k fdlus\ fdlus] fdlus] fdlus\\\ ml vPNs balku us tks dgrk gS vius dks Js"B] cqf¼eku] cyoku] lw;Z ij gs Js"B! vki lkekftd U;k; ugha dj ik;s fiQj dgks vki dSls gks Js"B\\ gs cqf¼eku! vki lgh uhfr ugha cuk ik;s fiQj D;ksa vkidh cqf¼ dk djsa eku gs cyoku! vkius cyghuksa ij cy fn[kk;k fiQj D;ksa dgw¡ vkidks cyoku vkSj gs lw;Z] vkidk D;k dguk vkils gS laiw.kZ i`Foh izdkf'kr fiQj NksVk lk jkgq D;ksa xzflr djrk gS\ gs lw;Z] gs Js"B] gs cqf¼eku] gs cyoku vius izdk'k dk] Js"Brk dk cqf¼ dk] cy dk lgh mi;ksx djuk lh[kks ekuo dks ekuo gh jgus nks mls vNwr uk cukvks!

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

jpuk,a vkeaf=r gSa lkekftd&vkfFkZd ,oa lkaLd`frd ljksdkjksa dh if=dk lkekftd U;k; laans'k esa jpuk,a vkeaf=r gSa 'kksèkijd xaHkhj o fo'ys"k.kkRed ys[k] dfork,a] dgkfu;ka] nfyr] vkfnoklh ,oa L=h foe'kZ ij dsfUnzr lkexzh Hkstsa A jpukvksa ds ekSfyd] vizlkfjr o vizdkf'kr gksus dk izek.ki= Hkh layXu djsaA jpuk dh izfr vius ikl lqjf{kr j[ksaA izdkf'kr gksus okyh jpukvksa dks okil Hkstuss dh O;oLFkk ugha gSA lkekftd U;k; lans'k ds vkxkeh vad fuEu Fkhe ij gSa] jpukdkjksa@ys[kdkas ls vkxzg gS fd viuh jpuk,a gesa 'kh?kz Hkstsa%& &lEiknd

lkekftd U;k; lans'k] MkW- vEcsMdj izfr"Bku 15] tuiFk ubZ fnYyh&110001 Vsyh iQSDl % 011&23320589 eksckbZy % 07503210124 bZ esy% hilsayans@gmail.com

2013 ds vkxkeh vad ds Fkhe flrEcj % vkj{k.k % l'kfDrdj.k dk ekè;e



vDVwcj % èkEepØ @ nh{kk fnol (14 vDVwcj)



uoEcj % lafoèkku ,oa lkekftd U;k; (26 uoEcj)



fnlEcj % ifjfuokZ.k fo'ks"kkad (6 fnlacj)



vfrfjDrkad % lkekftd U;k; lan's k okf"kZdh 2013 lkekftd U;k; lans'k

vxLr 2013

fganh esa fojkefpg~uksa dk yksi ;ksxsUnz dqekj

jke dk 'kkfCnd vFkZ gksrk gS& ^Bgjko*A ys[ku esa tks Bgjko fofHkUu ladrs &fpg~uksa ls çdV gksrk gS] mls ^fojkefpg~u* dgk tkrk gSA fojkefpg~uksa dk lac/ a Hkk"kk ds fyf[kr :i ls gSA fy[krs le; ys[kd ;ksa gh ljiV ugha nkSMr+ k] cfYd vius earO; ds vuqlkj dgha FkksMh+ nsj ds fy, #drk gS] Bgjrk gS vkSj dgha iwjk (iw.kZ) fojke ysrk gSA ;fn fy[krs le; bu fpg~uksa dk ;Fkkvolj ç;ksx u fd;k tk, rks fopkjksa dh Li"V vfHkO;fDr esa ck/k iM+rh gSA okD;ksa ds lqxBu vkSj fopkjkfHkO;fDr dh Li"Vrk ds fy, gh ys[ku esa fojkefpg~uksa dh vko';drk vkSj mi;ksfxrk Hkh ekuh xbZ gSA laLÑr esa dsoy iw.kZ fojke (II) dk ç;ksx gqvk gSA fganh esa ç;qDr çk;% lHkh fojkefpg~u (dsoy iw.kZ fojke dks NksM+dj) v¡xzsth ls gekjh Hkk"kkvksas esa vk, gSaA blfy, fganh ds vf/drj oS;kdj.kksa us fojke fpg~uksa dk foospu&fo'ys"k.k v¡xzsth xzkej esa fn, x, fu;eksa ds vuq:i fd;k gSA bls vaèkkuqdj.k vaxzsth ds okD;ksa ls gh dgk tk ldrk gSA bl laca/ esa gesa ;g ugha Hkwyuk pkfg, fd v¡xzsth ls dsoy fojkefpg~u fy, x, gaS_ mudh Hkk"kk vkSj O;kdj.k ughaA v¡xzsth esa okD;&jpuk fganh dh okD;&jpuk ls fHkUu gksrh gSA v¡xzsth esa tgk¡ fØ;k okD; ds eè; esa vkrh gS] fganh esa ogha og okD; ds var esa vkrh gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa fganh esa fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx dh fof/ vaxzsth ls fHkUu gksxhA lkekftd U;k; lans'k

lgh vFkks± esa fojkefpg~u Hkk"kk&ys[kd dk og f'k"Vkpkj gS tks fdlh fopkj dks Li"VrkiwoZd le>us esa ikBd dks lgwfy;r çnku djrk gSA bl laca/ esa vkpk;Z fd'kksjhnkl oktis;h dk dguk gS

vktdy lekpkj&i=kksa dh Hkk"kk&'kSyh ls çHkkfor gksdj iqLrdksa esa Hkh NksVs&NksVs okD; fy[ks tkus yxs gSa vkSj yacs okD;ksa esa NksVs&NksVs okD;ksa dks j[kus dh çFkk Hkh yxHkx lekIr gks pyh gSA bl dkj.k Hkh fojkefpg~uksa dk ç;ksx de&ls&de fd;k tkus yxk gSA fd ^fojkefpg~uksa dk mfpr ç;ksx okD; ds vFkZ dks pedk nsrk gS ijarq vfopkfjr ç;ksx lc&dqN fcxkM+ nsrk gSA (fganh 'kCnkuq'kklu) tSusUæ dqekj dgrs gSa fd ^fojkefpg~u Hkk"kk dks laHkkyrs gSa vkSj vFkZ dks] tgk¡ rd gks ldrk gS fc[kjus ugha nsrkA* (brLrrk% 1962)A Hkk"kk esa fojkefpg~uksa ds egRo dks Li"V djrs gq, fofy;e dkscsV dgrs gSa fd ^'kCnksa dk vFkZ cgqr dqN muds lkFk ç;ksx fd, x, fojkefpg~uksa ij fuHkZj djrk gSA* 57

(, xzkej vkWiQ n bafXy'k ySaXost)A bl rjg Hkk"kk esa fojkefpg~uksa ds egRo dks dksbZ udkj ugha ldrkA bl laca/ esa foosd R;kxh dgrs gSa fd& cksyrs le; tks dke psgjs ds Hkkoksa vkSj gkFkksa ds lapkyu ls fy;k tkrk gS] fy[krs le; ogh dke fojke fpg~uksa lsA* fojkefpg~uksa dks Hkk"kk dk ^uV&cksYV* Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA ftl çdkj fdlh e'khu esa lgh txg ij lgh uV&cksYV ugha yxus ls e'khu dk lapkyu xM+cM+k tkrk gS] mlh çdkj fdlh okD;&lewg esa fojkefpg~uksa dk lVhd ç;ksx ugha gksus ij bldk vFkZ vLi"V gks tkrk gS ;k xyr vFkZ O;Dr gks tkrk gSA ;Fkk& ^jksdks er] tkus nksA jksdks] er tkus nksA* ,d vYifojke dk 'kCn ds vkxs&ihNs ç;ksx ls okD; dk vFkZ fdruk cny tkrk gSA mi;qZDr mnkgj.k blh ckr dk n`"Vkar gSA bl çlax esa fojkefpg~uksa ds tkus ekus fo'ks"kK MkW- VsafFky okD; esa lgh fgTts dh vis{kk fojkefpg~uksa dk ç;ksx vf/d egRoiw.kZ ekurs gSaA Hkk"kk esa fojkefpg~uksa dk bruk egRo gksus ds ckotwn vktdy ns[kk ;g tkrk gS fd buds ljy&ls&ljy ç;ksx ds laca/ esa Hkh yksxksa esa vufHkKrk gSA bls mudk vdkj.k Hk; ;k ladksp ;k vkyL; Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA vktdy lekpkj&i=kksa dh Hkk"kk&'kSyh ls çHkkfor gksdj iqLrdksa esa Hkh NksVs&NksVs okD; fy[ks tkus yxs gSa vkSj yacs okD;ksa esa NksVs&NksVs okD;ksa dks j[kus dh çFkk Hkh yxHkx lekIr gks pyh gSA bl dkj.k vxLr 2013

Hkh fojkefpg~uksa dk ç;ksx de&ls&de fd;k tkus yxk gSA ;fn okD; dks le>us esa dksbZ dfBukbZ u gks rks fojkefpg~uksa dk ç;ksx vuko';d le>k tkrk gSA fojke vkSj Msjk (&) gh ,sls fojkefpg~u gSa ftudk ç;ksx gksrk gSA ;kstukfpg~u (&) Msjk vkSj MS'k dk Hksn feV&lk x;k gS] ftlds dkj.k ;kstd&fpg~u dh txg MS'k vkSj MS'k dh txg ;kstd&fpg~u dk ç;ksx dj fn;k tkrk gSA fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx laca/h lkekU;hdj.k ds Hkqykos esa vkuk Bhd ugha gSA blds ç;ksx esa vkyL;] f'kfFkyrk ;k ferO;f;rk Hkys gh dqN yksxkas dks Bhd ekywe iM+s] fdarq ;fn Hkk"kk dk Lo:i lqLi"V j[kuk gks] vkSj tks dqN fy[kk tk, mldk lgh vFkZ le>us esa fdlh dks dfBukbZ u gks rks fojkefpg~uksa dk mfpr ç;ksx djuk gh gksxkA eqæ.k&dyk ds vkfo"dkj ds ckn blds fodkl esa çdk'kdksa dh Hkwfedk vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ ekuh tk ldrh gSA fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx lfgr Nik gqvk i`"B us=kfç; rks yxrk gh gS] i<+us esa vklku vkSj ys[kd dk lgh earO; Hkh Li"V djrk gSA blfy, çdk'kd Hkh blh mik; esa jgrs gSa fd fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;skx ds laca/ eas ifjekftZr] la'kksf/r fu;e gksaA rFkk blesa ,d çdkj dk LFkkf;Ro gksA ;g dgus esa vfr';ksfDr ugha gksxh fd v¡xzsth ds i=k&if=kdkvksa vkSj iqLrdksa ds çdk'kd fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx ds ekeys esa lrdZ flikgh dk dke djrs gSaA blds foijhr fganh esa gky cqjk gSA fganh esa ftuds da/ksa ij ftEesnkjh dk ;g Hkkj gS] muesa ls vf/dka'k fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx esa mnklhu tku iM+rs gSaA ftlds dkj.k vPNh&ls&vPNh if=kdkvksa ,oa çfrf"Br çdk'kdksa dh iqLrdksa esa Hkh fojkefpg~uksa ds vlaxr vxLr 2013

ç;ksx fey tkrs gSaA tcfd Hkk"kk ds dk lgh ç;ksx ugha dj ikrs] ftlds vPNs Kku esa fojkefpg~uksa dk ç;ksx Hkh dkj.k mudh fganh ljy vkSj Li"V ugha gksrh gSA 'kkfey gSA ;g cM+h foMacuk dh ckr gS fd fganh lalkj dh lHkh Hkk"kkvksa eas lokZf/d O;ofLFkr vkSj oSKkfud gksus ds ckotwn mlesa fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx esa vkt i=k&if=kdkvksa] iqLrdksa esa ftl çdkj dh ykijokgh cjrh tk jgh gS rFkk

foMacuk dh ckr gS fd fganh lalkj dh lHkh Hkk"kkvksa eas lokZf/d O;ofLFkr vkSj oSKkfud gksus ds ckotwn mlesa fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx esa vkt i=k&if=kdkvksa] iqLrdksa esa ftl çdkj dh ykijokgh cjrh tk jgh gS rFkk Ldwyksa esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks O;kdj.k ,oa fojkefpg~uksa ds laca/ esa ftl rjg ls fof/or f'k{kk ugha nh tk jgh gS] og fgUnh ds Hkfo"; dh n`f"V ls fparktud gSA Ldwyksa esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks O;kdj.k ,oa fojkefpg~uksa ds laca/ esa ftl rjg ls fof/or f'k{kk ugha nh tk jgh gS] og fgUnh ds Hkfo"; dh n`f"V ls fparktud gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd fganh esa ,e-,-] ,e-fiQy rFkk ih,p- Mh- djus okys 'kksèkFkhZ Hkh fganh fy[kus esa fojkefpg~uksa 58

fojkefpg~uksa ds lgh ç;ksx ds laca/ esa ys[kd vkSj çdk'kd gh ugha] leh{kd Hkh de mnklhu ugha gSaA ;gh otg gS fd vktdy i=k&if=kdkvksa esa tks leh{kk,¡ çdkf'kr gksrh gS_ muesa ys[kd }kjk fd, x, fojkefpg~uksa ds ç;ksx ij dHkh dqN ugha fy[kk tkrkA viuh jpukvksa esa m¼j.k&fpg~uksa dk ç;ksx u djus dk dkj.k crkrs gq, fo|klkxj ukSfV;ky us îfjdFkk& ds laiknd dks fy[kk Fkk& eSa vc baoVsZM dkSek dk laoknksa esa drbZ ç;ksx ugha djrk] fliQZ--- yxk ysrk gw¡A okD; ds vkxs ihNs yxs gq, os dkSek (myVs dkSek) (^^**) eq>s fiQj ls tsy ds Hkhrj /dsyus yxrs gSaA* blls vkxs c<+dj vej xksLokeh laoknksa esa fdlh Hkh fojkefpg~u dk ç;ksx ugha djrsA bl dkj.k îfjdFkk* (vad&2) esa Nih budh dgkuh êk¡* esa laokn iw.kZr% fuokZflr (fnxacj) ut+j vkrs gSaA rduhdh mUufr ds ckotwn vktdy ftl çdkj dh fganh fy[kh tk jgh gS mlesa Li"Vrk vkSj vfHkO;fDr dh çHkkoksRikndrk cgqr de gks xbZ gSA bl leL;k ls fuiVus ds fy, fo|kfFkZ;ksa] 'kks/kfFkZ;ksa] ys[kdksa] çdk'kdkas vkSj leh{kdksa dks tkx:d] ftEesnkj vkSj çksRlkfgr djus dh vko';drk gSA blds fy, Ldwy vkSj dkWyst Lrj ds ikB~;Øeksa esa fojkefpg~uksa dh O;ofLFkr i<+kbZ dh O;oLFkk dh tk,] lkFk gh fojkefpg~uksa ds lgh ç;ksx djus okyh jpukvksa dks iqjLÑr fd;k tk, rHkh fganh dh vfHkO;fDr esa Li"Vrk vkSj çHkkoksRikndrk vk ik,xhA (ys[kd fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; esa 'kksèkkFkhZ gSa)

lkekftd U;k; lans'k

lkekftd&vkfFkZd o lkaLd`frd ljksdkjksa dh if=dk

MkWa- vEcsMdj iQkmUMs'ku }kjk izdkf'kr lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa lkaLd`frd ljksdkjksa dh if=kdk ^lkekftd U;k; lans'k* dk izdk'ku iqu% vkjEHk gks x;k gSA lerk] Lora=krk] CkUèkqRo ,oa U;k; ij vk/kfjr] l'kDr ,oa le`¼ lekt vkSj jk"Vª dh ladYiuk dks lkdkj djus ds lans'k dks vke ukxfjdkasa rd igq¡pkus esa lkekftd U;k; lans'k dh Hkwfedk cgqr gh EkgÙoiw.kZ gSA ^lkekftd U;k; lans'k* ns'k ds ukxfjdksa esa ekuoh; laosnu'khyrk] U;k;fiz;rk rFkk nwljksa ds vf/dkjksa ds izfr lEeku dh Hkkouk txkus ds fy, lefIkZr gSA ^lkekftd U;k; lans'k* ckcklkgsc MkW- vEcsMdj ds fopkjksa o muds n'kZu rFkk iQkmUMs'ku ds dk;ZØeksa ,oa ;kstukvksa dks vke ukxfjdksa rd igq¡pkus dk dke Ck[kwch dj jgk gSA lkekftd U;k; ds dkjoka dks vkxs c<+kus esa bl if=kdk ls tqM+dj vki viuk ;ksxnku ns ldrs gSaA vkt gh ikBd lnL; cfu,] vius fe=kksa dkss Hkh lnL; cukbZ,] ikBd lnL;rk xzg.k djus ds fy, ,d o"kZ ds fy, :- 100@&] nks o"kZ ds fy, :- 180@&] rhu o"kZ ds fy, :- 250@&] dk fMeakM MªkÝV] ^iksLVy vkMZj* vFkok euhvkWMZj tks ^MkWa- vEcsMdj iQkmUMs'ku* ds uke ns; gks] iQkmUMs'ku ds irsa ij Hkstsa ;k iQkmUMs'ku ds dk;kZy; esa tek djsaA psd Lohdkj ugha fd, tk,axsA if=kdk dks vkSj csgrj cukus ds fy, vkids vewY; lq>ko dk Hkh ges'kk Lokxr jgsxkA

& lEiknd 

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ekfld if=kdk

lkekftd U;k; lans'k lnL;rk dwiu

eS]a MkW-a vEcsMdj iQkmUMs'ku }kjk izdkf'kr ekfld if=kdk ^lkekftd U;k; lan's k* dk xzkgd cuuk pkgrk @pkgrh g¡@w 'kqYd% okf"kZd lnL;rk 'kqYd :- 100@&] f}okf"kZd lnL;rk 'kqYd :- 180@&] =kSokf"kZd lnL;rk 'kqYd :- 250@&A (tks ykxw ugha gksrk] mls d`i;k dkV nsa) euhvkWMZj@ Hkkjrh; iksLVy vkWMZj@ fMekaM MªkÝVuEcj----------------------------------------------------fnukad------------------------layXu gSA d`i;k è;ku j[ksa] vkidk fMekaM MªkÝV@Hkkjrh; iksLVy vkWMZj @ euhvkWMZj ^MkW- vEcsMdj iQkmUMs'ku* ds uke ubZ fnYyh esa ns; gksA

uke (Li"V v{kjksa esa) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------irk -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------fiu ---------------------iQksu@eksckbZy u--------------------------------------bZ-esy% -----------------------------------------------------------------------------bl dwiu dks dkfV, vkSj 'kqYd lfgr fuEu irs ij Hksft, % lkekftd U;k; lans'k] MkW- vEcsMdj iQkmUMs'ku 15 tuiFk] ubZ fnYyh&110 001 iQksu u- 011&23357625] 23320589] 23320576

vxLr 2013

lkekftd U;k; lans'k