Performing Arts Center in New Mansoura City by samar.adham

N.M.P.A.C NEW MANSOURA PERFORMING ARTS CENTER

Abstract…………………………………………………………….. III Acknowledgments…………………………………………….. IV Chapter 1: Introduction • Autonomy overview……………………………………… 1

OCTOBER UNIVERSITY FOR MODERN SCIENCES & ARTS

• Approaches of autonomy in architecture……… 1 • Selected autonomous approach…………………… 2 • Selected project’s location……………………………. 2

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

• Selected project type……………………………………. 3

ARCHITECTURAL DEPARTMENT

• Selected site………………………………………………… 5

• Program………………………………………………………… 7

GRADUATION PROJECT II

Chapter 2: Design Approach

SPRING 2021

• Case study…………………………………………………….. 8

CONTENTS

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: Dr. Sameh El Feki Dr. Omar Fawzy

• Preliminary concept selection ……………………… 12 • Selected concept………………………………………….. 17

SUBMITTED BY: Samar Adham 170301

• Inspired design solutions……………………............ 11

• Selected concept development……………………. 17 An architectural product has to fulfill its function, but furthermore, it needs to transcend its function and have aesthetic values”.

• Final project’s drawings ……………………………….. 22

-Le Corbusier

• Selected rating system certificate…………………. 28

Chapter 3: sustainability and environmental aspects • Sustainibilty overview…………………………………… 27 • Design solutions……………………………………………. 29

Dr. Tarek Galal

Chapter 4: Construction

Dr. Hasnaa El Sherbiny

• Auditorium finishing details…………………………. 32 • Theatre finishing details……………………………….. 37

Eng. Merna Mohamed

• Training complex finishing details…………......... 39

Eng. Esraa El Areef

Chaoter 5: Structure • Auditorium structural analysis……………………... 41 • Theatre structural analysis……………………………. 43 • Training complex structural analysis…….……….. 44 Bibliography • List of figures • Refrences 2

ABSTRACT

ACKNOWLWDGEMENTS

This project’s theme required studying the meaning of “Autonomy”, whether generally; the ability of self expression accompanied with the freedom of will and independence, or with respect to architecture; the individuality of a building and its ability to stand out without being limited down by rules or constraints. Following the project’s theme, the studies carried on to choosing a suitable autonomous approach which impacted both; the project type selection, and the location selection. The selected project type is a biophilic performing arts center located in New Mansoura city which not only offers a not-so-common service for Egypt and the surrounding region by providing both educational and enteratainment purposes, but also it serves as a great attraction spot to motivate citizens of Egypt to visit the newly constructed city of New Mansoura and raise both of its economic state, and its national importance.

I would like to express my gratitude to my primary supervisor; Dr. Tarek Galal who guided me throughout this project and provided me with deep insight to the project. I would also like thank the supervising team; Dr.Hasnaa El-Sherbeiny, Eng. Merna Mohamed, and Eng. Esraa El-Areef for their continuous help and support. I would also like to express my appreciation, gratitude, and respect to Prof. Sameh El Feki, Prof. Omar Fawzy, and Dr. Moahmed Rafik for their infinite knowledge, conception, and compassion that helped me through the journey and made it much easier. And finally, I would like to thank my friends and family for their constant support and motivation throughout the whole journey.

III

Autonomy According to Dworkin (1988), the term “autonomy” has several meanings and descriptions but mainly it is all about self-rule and self-determination; the ability of self expression accompanied with the freedom of will and independence. Autonomy is also reflected in the individuality of a person, and idea, or a building; to be able to stand out without being limited down by rules or constraints (Christman, 1989).

The concept of relational autonomy in architecture cancels the idea that autonomy only lies in under-socializing and individualism, or that achieving architectural autonomy or architectural freedom depends on the complete detachment from the surrounding context.

In the last decades, autonomy has been integrated in three major fields that correlates to each other; philosophical autonomy, artistic autonomy, and architectural autonomy.

The concept of absolute autonomy in architecture is the total freedom of the shape which is associated with its uniqueness and individualism making it stand out.

Autonomy In Architecture

CHAPTER

INTRODUCTION

According to the American architect; Mario Gandelsonas (1973), the main concept of autonomous architecture is it being a force in itself that speaks about itself and does not communicate ideas other than its own.

Absolute Autonomy ‘Architecture as art’

The flexibility or unfamiliarity of the building form and it being designed as an artistic drawing, this type of freedom is called “contemporary architecture" used as a method of expressing the artistic significance a building could have and its ability to be considered as a landmark that adds a value to its location.

Methodology Of Autonomy In a study done by Canan Sehyun (2004), he stated that the characteristics of autonomy in architecture depend on two main factors: Fig.(1) National Museum Of Qatar

Architecture as a practice Evaluating the autonomy of an architecture of a building considering the internal qualities of architecture practice including:

This chapter is going to discuss the general theme of the project which is “Autonomy In Architecture” highlighting the selected autonomous approach with its relation to both; the project type selection and the location/site selection. This chapter will also discuss further details of the chosen site and the main zones of the selected project type.

Formal values

Tectonic values

Functional values Architecture as a discipline Evaluating the autonomy of the building regarding its relationship with external factors that architecture has to fulfill including: Social factors

Political factors

Cultural factors

Economic factors

Approaches Of Autonomy Relational autonomy According to Tony Fry (2009), relational autonomy lies in the’ being of the building’ as a whole regarding the spatial-temporal relations of the building’s design and function. It is constituted through and enhanced by maintaining a connection with the external factors whether socially, politically, morally, or geographically. 4

Fig.(2) Peter Eisenman’s House VI

Functional Autonomy ‘Architecture as service’ Functional autonomy is what makes the building distinctive by providing new or uncommon services to the place it’s in whether it’s autonomous for being: • Mechanically independent: the building is selfoperational and doesn’t need much human interference for operational issues. • Has an independent design program: the building itself doesn’t rely on functions of surrounding buildings or events. • Offers a new service to its location, might even solve an issue by its services. The museum in Bilbao was considered as a landmark that added to the city’s economy 4 Fig.(3) Guggenheim museum Bilbao

Selected Autonomous Approach The selected autonomous approach is offering an extraordinary service through a free-form building that will act as an iconic landmark lying within a flexible context along with adding to the selected location’s social and economic state.

The city overlooks 15 kilometers of the Mediterranean and is brilliantly positioned in the middle of three governments, Kafr El Sheikh, El Dakahlia, and Damietta.

This approach impacted the project type selection since the main objective was to select a building type that will have a significant effect not only nationally, but regionally as well.

Location:

It also affected the project location selection as it was hugely important to choose a location which can provide the needed flexibility of the project type.

General information

Acessibility:

Project Type

The connection between New Mansoura city and the cities of Al Delta, specifically Al-Mansoura city is fasilitaded through different methods of transportations and accessible through three main routes :

Selection criteria

1) Through El Mansoura / Gamasa Road (67km / 1hr 23min)

The New Mansoura City project is set to be finalized in several stages. 20 km from New Damietta City, roughly.

Offering a new or uncommon service to the country/region

Selection criteria • Location that give the freedom and flexibility needed to achieve the selected autonomous approach.

A building type which acts as a strong attraction for local visitors and tourists by providing a common interest or connection.

A building type with the needed flexibility of form suitable to achieve the selected autonomous approach.

Building type with the ability to have a flexible envelope

Fig.(5) location within Egypt

Fig.(6) New Mansoura location

Fig.(9) Mansoura/Gamasa road to New Mansoura city

Area:

Location

A building type that offers an unfamiliar service in Egypt and the surrounding region.

An iconic landmark with a free-form envelope

Adding to the surrounding context and region

Building type Offering a new or uncommon service to the country/region

Building type connecting people over a common interest

2) Through Talkha / Damietta Road

The city is built on the Mediterranean coast as a smart city extending over a total area of about 5,100 feddans.

(86km /1hr 42min) Performing Arts Center A performing arts center is a multi-use performance complex designed to provide the guest with the suitable environment to watch arious types of the performing arts, including dance, music and theatre.

• Location with a gtreat attraction spot for visitors nationally and regionally. • Location with a close connection to the main cities of Egypt (Delta) • Location with low economic state/motive for visitors. New Mansoura City New Mansoura is one of the 9 cities of the fourth generation, along with the New Administrative Capital ,New Alamin, New Bir Al-Abed, New Aswan, New Sphinx, and East port-said, all of which act as a part of the dreams of Egypt for 2030.

Fig.(4) New Mansoura City Proposal

Style:

Fig.(10) Talkha/Damietta road to New Mansoura city

Fig.(7) New Mansoura City Proposal

The residential units will be designed between greenery and landscapes, promising fresh air for the inhabitants of the area. Built in a modern way, modern compounds are.

3) Through the future planned Monorail (90km /15min)

Fig.(11) Monorail Path to New Mansoura City

Fig.(8) Residential Towers in New Mansoura

Fig.(12) National PAC of China

Fig.(13) Sydney Opera House PAC

The selected project type is supported by the endless passion that the Egyptians have for various types of arts, specifically the art of performing. And regardless of their fondness of this type of art, there is no presence of a performing arts center in Egypt That’s why the Performing Art Center will be a vital sector of the fabric of the city; in addition to be given the opportunity of activating an educational key which attracts more residents having the same motive for enhancing the quality of life. 3

2) El- Gnena theatre

Performing Arts In Egypt History

Selection Criteria

The history of performing arts in Egypt dates back to the ancient Egyptians as they were the first to make public performing shows and plays whether they were religious, dramatic, or ceremonial performances. These performances usually took place in the streets except the religious ones which took place in temples.

• Site having a fascinating view to make the building stand out and support its autonomous form. Fig.(19) El-Gnena Theatre

• Site lying on a main street to allow the performing arts center to be easily accessible.

Fig.(20) El-Gnena Theatre

• Site with nearby services to encourage people to visit.

3) The National Theatre

Fig.(26) Selected site in proposed master plan

Site accessibility

• Site with easy accessibility to nearby residential units and educational facilities to make it easy for the trainees of the training complex within the performing arts center.

Fig.(14) Ancient Egyptians ceremonial Performance

Fig.(15) Ancient Egyptians Shadow Plays

Theatres in Egypt Performances used to take place at palaces and temples until the appearance of the roman theatres in Egypt including the roman “Odeum” located in Alexandria.

Fig.(21) National Theatre of Egypt

Fig.(22) National Theatre of Egypt

Services

Reasons for choosing New Mansoura City to be the location hosting the performing arts center • Lack of theatres and operas near the delta region.

Legend Main Rd. Secondary Rd.

Accessibility

Needs to be accessible from main roads

Presence of nearby services to encourage visitors to come

Fig.(27) Site accessibility map

Solid & Void Attractive view

Surrounding context To be near residential units and educational facilities for the trainees

The building needs the view to add to its autonomous impact

Legend Solid Void

Selected Site The chosen site is surrounded by residential areas from two sides and a nearby commercial center. Fig.(23) Map showing theatre locations in Delta

Fig.(16) Odeum Roman Amphitheatre in Alexandria

As the years passed, it was hard to practice several types of performances with the limited places available which encouraged the creation of operas and theatres in Egypt.

However, most of these theatres and operas are located in main cities and densed areas as the center of cairo.

• New Mansoura city lies on the north coast so it’s easily accessible for national and regional guests. • Benefits New Mansoura’s vision for 2030 to be one of the main cities of Egypt since the performing arts center will act as a landmark to the city.

Site Analysis

Site Selection

The site benefits the selected project type as it has an un-interrupted vision of the Mediterranean sea.

Fig.(28) Solid and voids map

Building Heigts Legend

The site is easily accessible to local, regional, and international guests as it lies on the North Coast.

Residential Villas Residential Towers

Site information Area: 30,000 m.sq. Fig.(29) Building heights map

Examples of theatres and opera houses in Egypt

Land Use

1) Cairo Opera House

Legend Residential Green area

Commercial

Fig.(17) Cairo Opera House

Fig.(18) Cairo Opera House interior

Fig.(25) Selected site in satellite map

Fig.(24) Theatres distribution in Cairo

Fig.(30) Land use map

Composite Site Analysis

Average Rainy Days

Project : Program The performing arts center project in New Mansoura City is classified into three main zones:

The performance zone which includes the main The educational zone consisting of a training performance halls. complex that provides all the training classes and recital halls needed for trainees of all ages. Fig.(35) Average Rainy Days chart

The maximum rate of rainy days in el Mansoura are in January, July and August. In those months we can use rainwater reuse technique to vegetate the landscape of the site.

Fig.(31) Composite site analysis

Climate Analysis

Average Monthly Sun Hours

Average Day/Night Temperature

B. Toilets & services C. auditorium hall D. Orchestra pit Fig.(36) Average Monthly Sun Hours chart

Fig.(32) Average Day/Night Temperature chart

The maximum temperature at day and night are June , July and August while the minimum are In January, February and March.

The maximum sun hours are I June, July and August. In those months we can use those sun hours by generating electricity by using solar panels.

Average Relative Humidity

Average Wind Speed

Fig.(33) Average Relative Humidity chart

Fig.(37) Average Wind Speed chart

August has the highest humidity rate, while April is the least month. The average annual percentage of humidity is 68%.

The maximum wind speed is in January, February, March, April, July, and December.

Average Perciptation

SWOT Analysis Strength -Easily accessible -Near the city center -Training complex close to residential area

Weakness - Difference in skyline of the PAC and surrounding

-Has a great view; the Mediterranean sea

Fig.(34) Average Precipitation chart

January and precipitation.

December

have

PERFORMANCE ZONE Space Adjacencies Function Area(m Description 2) I. Main Auditorium Building 1. Entrance A. Entrance foyer Tickets, main Waiting area 180 theatre B. Reservation Lobby Reservations for 35 desk x2 shows 2. Main Auditorium A.Foyer Lobby/ main hall Waiting area 320

the

highest

-Modern style surrounding context ( High rise towers)t

190

Foyer/ lobby

Seating area

800

Stage

Performance area Performance area

Backstage

Threats -

180

Backstage/ Stage

B. Dressing room Rehearsal rooms Dressing x4 C. Rehearsal Dressing rooms/ Show rehearsal room x2 stage D. Services & Dressing rooms toilets II. Secondary Theatre building 1.Entrance A. Entrance foyer Tickets, main Waiting area theatre B. Reservation lobby Reservations for desk shows 2. Theatre A. Foyer Lobby/ theatre hall B. Toilets & Theatre hall/ services lobby C. Theatre hall Foyer Seating area D. Performing Backstage Performance stage area 3. Backstage A. Lobby Backstage/ stage

B. Dressing room Stage Dressing x2 C. Rehearsal Dressing rooms/ Show rehearsal room x2 stage D. Services & Dressing rooms toilets

Opportunity

-Ability for future expansion

E. Performing stage 3. Backstag A.Lobby

Main hall

70 120

Space Description

TRAINING ZONE Adjacencies Function

I. Main training program A. Entrance lobby Administration Booking classes B. Chorus room x4 Performance Practicing music hall C. Training room x2 Chorus room Training for shows D. Performance hall Training rooms Practicing hall E. Digital gallery Outdoor Display area exhibition F. Toilets & services Training rooms II. Kids training program A. Entrance lobby Administration Booking classes B. Training room Chorus room Training for shows C. Chorus room x2 Performance Practicing music hall D. Recital hall x2 Chorus rooms Rehearsing for

Area(m2 ) 70 60 60 100 180 65

50 80 45 80

shows E. Performance hall Training room

Rehearsing for shows F. Dressing room x2 Training rooms dressing G. Administration Entrance lobby Booking classes H. Toilets & Dressing room services

120 50 70 70

The outdoor program zone includes outdoor performance areas and recreational areas 55 15

210 120 550 65

60 25 25 50

Space Description

OUTDOOR ZONE Adjacencies Function

I. Training zone A. Outdoor Kids training training area for program kids II. Recreational zone A. Outdoor Main drop-off/ exhibition exhibition hall B. Amphitheater Main drop-off/ C. Food courts

food outlets Toilets & services

Area (m2)

Training area

450

Display area

700

Performance area Seating area

860 1300

III. Service zone

A. Toilets & services B. Outdoor parking

150

Food courts Secondary roads

Parking area

2800

Inspiration

Concept

Autonomous Performing Arts Center

-As one the world’s greatest cultural centers through a seamless spatial experience allowing Rabat to showcase its rich cultural heritage.

Grand Theatre Of Rabat Architects: Zaha Hadid Architects Location: Rabat, Morocco Design: Zaha Hadid with Patrik Schumacher Project Area: 47,000 sq. m.

Fig.(41) Grand Theatre Of Rabat

Fig.(42) Conceptual Illustration

-As well as the outdoor amphitheater the dynamic of the river is represented on site. the project generates the landscape of the park that engulfs the theatre. Fig.(38) Grand Theatre Of Rabat

CHAPTER

The Bou regreg river running between the ancient cities of Rabat and Sale is the main source of inspiration for the sculpture form of the building .

DESIGN APPROACH

This chapter is going to discuss the design approach of the project including the project’s inspirations and how they affected the concept and its development phases. This chapter will also discuss in details the development process of the performing arts center design highlighting its impact on the context and the design considerations taken.

The design in one fluid sweep traverses from the ground extending into the sky taking its direction from the adjacent Bou regreg River

Fig.(39) Form Inspiration

By melting into the landscape the auditoriums are enveloped into the sculpted building which moves back to the ground Interior: by taking the inspiration from traditional Moroccan muqarnas the main auditorium has a crystalline geometry inspired

Fig.(40) Interior inspiration

Layout Analysis Accessibility -The site is accessible through the two main avenues between Rabat and Sale; Al- Marsa avenue and Al- Rahba avenue. They connect at Hassan II bridge .

Fig.(43) Theatre Accessibility Map

Al- Marsa avenue

Al- Rahba avenue

Hassan II bridge Context

Fig.(44) Theatre within context

Urban grid form 8

-The form of the building blends in with the context since it’s inspired from the river’s water flow. -The geometry of the land matches the radial grid pattern of the site. -Presence of a range of special services and external equipment such as car parking, and green spaces

Circulation

Sections

-Providing privacy needed for artists to enter the hall by separating the visitors entrance from the artists’ entrance.

-Both entrances are supported by elevators and escalators to facilitate the vertical circulation throughout the whole building.

Green room

“Box in box” Staircase and elevators acoustical solution

in order to complete the structural concrete shell the voids were filled in with concrete panels.

Main theatre Foyer

-The fluidity from the river is reflected in the building’s seamless and uninterrupted circulation. Orchestra stage Fig.(49) 3D section

Mechanical chambers

Fig.(55) Concrete panels between ribs

Beam and ribs connection -Providing privacy needed for artists to enter the hall by separating the visitors entrance from the artists’ entrance. Steel beams connecting vertical ribs

Fig.(46) Circulation analysis

Fig.(45) Theatre with surroundings

-Geometry of the building is a free form that reflects the fluidity of the river. -The height of the mass is reasonable with the surrounding buildings.

Fig.(50) section

Sturctural Analysis

PlanAnalysis Zoning

-Grid lines perpendicular to the façade Following the external shape of the building. -To ensure critical ribs to touch the supports those grid lines were positioned in a few key points along the envelope

Foyer

-Distributing the rest of those grid lines with an equal distance between them.

Bookstore Artists’ entrance Cafes/Restaurant Theatre Shops Theatre services Experimental performance space Experimental performance hall Main theatre

Plan

Vertical ribs

Structural Grid

-The dynamic of the river is represented on site; This fluidity provides an intuitive visual and physical guide for visitors Main entrance

Steel tail

-Through a set of longitudinal beams closely following the pronounced creases of the architectural form the vertical ribs were then connected and tied together.

Fig.(47) Zoning analysis

Green room

Fig.(56) Beams and ribs connection

-Both entrances are supported by elevators and escalators to facilitate the vertical circulation throughout the whole building. -The fluidity from the river is reflected in a seamless and uninterrupted circulation within the building Exploded Axonometric Concrete deck.

Internal canyon with skylight Steel structure for roof geometry.

Concrete ribbed shell with concrete supports and steel tail.

Control room Services for performers

Foyer

Fig.(51) Structural Grid

Fig.(52) Vertical ribs section

Internal floor slab structure. Foundation rafts and piles.

Artists’ entrance

Main entrance

Fig.(48) Plan analysis

Restaurant with panoramic view 9

Fig.(53) Vertical ribs distribution

Fig.(54) Vertical ribs with concrete shell

Fig.(57) Structural layers

Conclusion Concept 2: “Vulnerability”

Inspired Design Solutions

Design Issue

Considerations taken in Grand Theatre Of Rabat

Reflecting the vulnerability of art in which the performer becomes subjected to judgment and transforming it into an architecturally vulnerable entity.

Inspired solution for New Mansoura Performing Arts Center

The theatre has a strong connection with the river it lies on which made it stand out and be considered as a landmark.

Designing the PAC with maximum horizontal facades facing the Mediterranean sea

The grand foyer allows visitors to spend time while admiring nature since it’s oriented towards the river

Maximizing the outdoor spaces and inner courts and providing them with activity areas

Image

Interaction

Preliminary concept

-Clear glass façade for the main performance halls facing the sea

Fig.(62) Form Sketch

Inspiration

Fig.(63) Harbin opera house

Fig.(64) Italian Pavilion

Fig.(65) Interior Sketch

Fig.(66) Physical Model

Zoning Circulation

Providing privacy needed for artists to enter the hall by separating the visitors entrance from the artists’ entrance.

Mood

Visitors feel connected to the surrounding environment while walking under the skylight shaded canyon

Safety

The interior circulation of the theatre facilitates the evacuating process in case of emergencies

Concepts Concept 1: “Dynamic Vision”

Inspiration

Fig.(59) Museum of Ethnography building in Budapest

Maximizing the voids through using skylights, curtain wall facades, and glass inner courts to connect guests with outdoor environment.

Fig.(67) Program zoning Ground floor

-Planning the kids circulation to and from the training complex to be away from main roads and near pedestrian walkways -Multiple reservation desks to prevent overcrowding

Plans

Fig.(68) Ground floor schematic plan

Fig.(69) Program zoning First Floor

Fig.(70) First floor schematic plan

Providing an exterior ramp that allows visitors to watch performances within the central arena

Concept selection Allowing audience to witness all types of performance through different views and perspectives.

-Separate entrances for visitors and artists -Multiple reservation desks in the theatre and auditorium to prevent crowding

Fig.(58) Physical model

Fig.(60) New Chicago arts center proposal

Fig.(71) Ground Floor Plan

Fig.(61) Schematic form sketch

Fig.(72) First Floor Plan

First Floor Plan Development

Concept 2: “Vulnerability”

Mediterranean Sea

Concept’s First Development Maximizing the facades facing the mediteanean sea and using glazed curtain walls on these facades. Layout

Fig.(73) Form Generation

• Enlargng the apacity of the auditorium and theatre and enlarging the areas of their foyers as well. • Increasing the area of the mai circulation path within the building. • Adding a secondary entrance. Ground floor plan development

Fig.(74) layout

Mediterranean Sea

Fig.(76) First Floor Plan

Section

Fig.(77) Section

Elevation

Fig.(75) Ground Floor Plan

Fig.(78) Elevation

First Floor Plan Development

Concept 2: “Vulnerability”

Form Development

Concept’s Second Development • Better orientation for theatre and auditorium services

• Developed outdoor parking orientation • Increasing area of the theatre’s foyer • More seamless geometry • Maximizing natural lighting with more skylight Layout

Fig.(79) Form Generation

Contextual layout

Fig.(81) Contextual layout

Fig.(80) Layout

Develoved Ground floor plan

Fig.(83) First Floor Plan

Section

Fig.(84) Section

Elevation

Fig.(85) Elevation Fig.(82) Ground floor Plan

Selected Concept Selected Concept Concept 3: “Biophilic Architecture” Architectural design approach with the aim of maximizing the physical and visual interaction of the user with the surrounding natural environment.

Criteria

-Using green walls on concrete facades

Nature in the space

-Using canopy trees to provide natural shading

Visual connection with nature

-Mechanical flow of bodies of water with great occupations within the project.

Maximizing the guest’s interaction with nature by separating the three main zones of the project instead of including them within the same building.

-Alligning outdoor activities to gain maximum natural ventilation from the prevailing winds

-Spatial landscape designing

The guest will have to interact with the outdoor environment since it’s the main transitionig zone to and from the project’s spaces. Fig.(92) Green wall façade in Switzerland

Amphitheatre

Fig.(86) New York times building garden

Fig.(87) Nanyang Technical University

The previous figures showed the strong connection that both buildings have with the outdoor natural environment which is exactly the intended experience desired for the performing arts center in new Mansoura. Not only biophilic architecture is considered as a great eco-friendly designing criteria but also, a performing arts center designed on this concept supports the selected autonomous approach by offering a unique experience in New Mansoura City and the surrounding region as well. Conceptual Statement A performing arts center designed based on the concept of biophilic architecture which is reflected through the distribution of the three main zones of the project and connecting them through the outdoor landscape to maximize the interaction of the guests with the outdoor environment. The program includes a main auditorium building that hosts over a thousand guest, a secondary theatre that hosts five hundred guests, and a training complex which includes training programs for users of every age provided with outdoor training and performing spaces.

Outdoor exhibition

Outdoor plaza

Fig.(93) Canopy Trees with a water body Fig.(94) Access and Circulation within the project

Training complex

Recreational area

Bubble diagram Training complex

Theatre Chorus rooms

Gallery

Training complex

Theatre Outdoor Court

Auditorium

Bubble diagram Entrance foyer

Entrance foyer

Training halls

theatre

foyer

reception

Backstage zone

Plan Plan

Fig.(89) Program bubble diagram

Stimulated visual connection -Maximizing shaded outdoor activity areas. Fig.(95) Green wall façade in Switzerland

Auditorium Plan

Bubble diagram

Fig.(90) Outdoor shaded activity area

-Using courtyards and inner courts for maximum gain of natural ventilation and daylight

Fig.(96) Green wall façade in Switzerland

reception

Entrance foyer

Auditorium foyer

reception

foyer

Fig.(88) Zones relationships

Fig.(91) Rehab in New Zealand

Backstage zone

Fig.(97) Auditorium ground floor plan

Ground floor plan

Elevation

Fig.(98) Ground Floor Plan

Fig.(99) Elevation

Section

Fig.(100) Section

Layout

3D Shots

Layout with surrounding context

Fig.(101) Layout

Fig.(102) Layout within context

Final Concept Development

Design considerations Safety

Outdoor Circulation -More spacious transitioning plaza for guests to go from one building to another.

Zoning

Indoor circulation

-Separate entrances for visitors and artists. -Multiple reservation desks in the theatre and auditorium to prevent crowding.

-Planning the kids outdoor activity zone to be away from main roads and near pedestrian walkways.

-Alligning outdoor activities to gain maximum natural ventilation from the prevailing winds -Spatial landscape designing

Fig.(104) Kids outdoor training

Design Considerations Zoning

Fig.(103) Access and Circulation within the project Fig.(107) Zoning

Physical Model Model within surrounding context

Fig.(105) Physical model

Emergency exits and handicapped consideration

Fig.(106) Physical model with context

Fig.(108) Emergency exits and handicapped considerations

Ground Floor Plan

Fig.(109) Ground floor plan

Intended User Experience

Layout

-Being able to perform outdoor training and activities under the suitable shading while being connected to the outdoor nature. -The ability of kids to train outside in a safe environment since the kids training program is positioned away from the main road and near the pedestrian access -Connecting the outdoor exhibition and bazaars to the gallery

Fig.(111) Shaded exhibition inspiration

Fig.(112) Outdoor courtyard inspiration Fig.(110) Layout

Fig.(113) Inner court inspiration

Fig.(114) shading over outdoor training

Fig.(115) Skylight

Fig.(116) Food outlets inspiration

Fig.(117) Food outlets inspiration

Contextual layout

Basement

Auditorium balconies plan

Fig.(119) Auditorium balconies inspiration

Fig.(118) Basement Plan

Elevation

Fig.(120) Auditorium balconies in first level

Fig.(117) Layout within context

Fig.(121) North West Elevation

Sectional elevation

Fig.(122) Sectional Elevation

Section

Fig.(123) Sectional Elevation

Fig.(123) 3D shot showing shaded outdoor training spaces

Fig.(126) Translucent concrete panels

Fig.(124) Auditorium foyer

Fig.(125) Layout Fig.(127) Skylight

Rendered Elevation

Sustanability Definition The role of sustainability focuses on meeting the needs of the present without disrupting future generations' ability to fulfill their needs.

• Maximizing the natural light gain through using curtain wall facades and skylights • Maxmizing natural ventilation through the project by using courtyards, inner courts, and orienting the buildings on the north west direction to face the prevailing winds.

Sustainability In Architecture Sustainability, according to architecture, is accomplished across the three social, economic and environmental pillars. They are linked to another, that you can find a strategy while achieves two pillars. Social Sustainability A building's capacity to work through human interaction, entertainment, education, wellness, and room management for the long term.

CHAPTER

SUSTAINABILITY & ENVIRONMENAL ASPECTS

Criteria Used In The Performing Arts Center • Creating creative environments for children and adults to practice and design their activities for comfort and privacy. • Hosting outdoor activities to draw more visitors to the place and inspire the trainees to perform at big events there.

Fig.(130) Skylights over inner courts

Environmental Sustainability Environmental sustainability is defined as responsible interaction with the environment in order to avoid natural resource depletion or degradation and ensure the quality of the environment in the long term. It also ensures to minimize the usage of active systems and depending more on passive systems Sustainable architecture strategies Passive Sustainable Design

This chapter is going to discuss the social, economic, and environmental sustainability considerations taken within the project. Moreover, this chapter is going to discuss the considred environmental aspects and their application on the project including natural lighting aspects, thermal considerations, and natural ventilation systems.

Fig.(128) Shot showing shaded outdoor activity area

Economic Sustainability Energy cost reduction

• Passive strategies include taking advantage of natural environmental factors such as the position of the sun and climatic conditions under which a building is built and deciding where windows will be placed. This allows designers to practically monitor day-lighting and natural ventilation to their own advantage and thereby reduce the energy requirements of the building.

Theatre operations do not create social or environmental issues that impact the long-term success of the company. Criteria Used In The Performing Arts Center • Reducing maintanence cost required by using acoustic perforated timber panels on walls and ceiling of the auditorium Fig.(129) Perforated timber panel 21

Fig.(131) Climate Analysis

Following the Green Pyramid Rating System (GPRS) Criteria

GPRS Category 2:

Environmental Impact

Reflection on the project:

Energy efficiency

• Covering the south facades with green walls

Water Efficient Landscaping

GPRS Category 1:

Category Objectives

• Mamizing the green area within the project

Sustainble site, accessibility, and ecology The objectives of this Category are: 1.Site Selection: to encourage development in desert areas, redevelopment in informal areas and avoid projects which negatively affect archaeological, historical and protected areas. 2.Accessibility: to minimize pollution and traffic congestion from car use and to conserve nonrenewable energy by encouraging public and alternative transport. Reflection on the project: 1.Site selection: desert area development The performing arts center will take place in new Mansoura city, the site is still unplanned and the project will transform this area from deserted area into an iconic landmark and a stop for visitors which will raise from its economic state.

• Planting trees for natural shading

• reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions by incorporating passive design strategies

• Using water bodies for natural cooling effect Operation and Maintenance

• optimize the choice of electrical and mechanical equipment, to and to evaluate the inventory of energy and carbon for each developed MEP system, and to minimize their impact on the environment;

• Reducing maintanence cost required by using acoustic perforated timber panels on walls and ceiling of the auditorium

Irrigation Operation and Maintenance plan • Using canopy trees to provide natural shading instead of mechanical shading devices.

Optimized balance of Energy and Performance

• reduce energy demand to cater for loads at peak use times through efficient building and services design and site based, where possible, on renewable energy generation.

• Natural ventilation is the main ventilation method through the project • Optimized natural lighting for the buildings

• encourage the provision of metering facilities that allow the energy performance o the building to be recorded and monitored to allow future improvement and prove validity

Fig.(136) Canopy trees

Efficiency of Water-based Cooling systems • Adding a flowing water body in the middle of the project to maximize the cooling effect of the prevailing winds

• minimize the energy consumed by the commonly used building appliances. Reflection on the project: Passive External Heat Gain Reduction

• Using double glazed curtain walls on the north west facades

Fig.(135) Ventilation in the training complex

• Using thermal insulation walls

Fig.(132) Site location in New Mansoura City

• Orienting the buildings towards the north west direction for maximum cooling from prevailing winds

GPRS Category 3:

2.Accessibility: alternative methods of transportations and connection to infrastructure The transportation to and from the performing arts center is accessible whether by on road transportations, or visitors coming through the Mediterranean Sea, or also by using the new monorail.

GPRS Category 4

Category Objectives

Materials and resources

• Improve the quality of our buildings and their impact on the environment

Category objectives

• implement strategy

• To encourage selection of materials with a low environmental impact and cost over the full life cycle of the building,

comprehensive

water

• Reduce potable water use by promoting the use of reused grey water or avoiding the use of potable clean water • Water efficient landscaping

Renewable Energy Sources

• Minimize potable use for irrigation

• Natural light gain from glass facades and courtyards Fig.(133) Monorail in New Mansoura City

Water efficiency

• Minimize indoor and outdoor water demands

Fig.(134) Climate Analysis

Fig.(137) Water Features in the project

Selection of materials

• Using regional and local materials to reduce the environmental impacts resulting from transportation • Using enewable materials • Using recycled materials • Use highly efficient materials to reduce the need for maintenance, construction energy or skill or can be easily dismantled for reuse

• Reduce generation of wastewater

• Natural light from skylights 28

Reflection on the project

GPRS Category 5:

Natural Ventilation Systems

Visual Comfort

Regionally procured materials

Indoor Enviromental Quality

Natural lighting considerations

• Regionally produced perforated acoustic timber panels used in both the auditorium and theatre

Category Objectives

• Natural ventilation through the inner courts and outer courtyards

• Regionally produced timber battens for theatre interior

• decrease the building temperature in a warm environment, saving money on bills for vitality.

• to provide a building and its systems that support the wellbeing and comfort of occupant by providing sufficient outside air ventilation and indoor air quality;

Maxmizing the voids of the project through alternating between the use of: •

Glass curtain wall facades

•

Skyligts over inner courts

• to eliminate exposure of building occupants to the harmful effects of tobacco smoke, the risk of Legionella and other pathogens;

Fig.(139) Perforated timber panels

Fig.(138) Timber battens

Use of readily renewable materials • Using stretch ceiling systems for the main auditorium hall

• to encourage use of low-emission adhesives, sealants, paints, coatings, flooring and ceiling systems and to mitigate the health risks associated with formaldehyde in building products; • to promote thermal, visual and acoustic comfort of occupants (including provision of individual comfort controls, where appropriate) to optimize occupant wellbeing, productivity, energy efficiency and future flexibility; Reflection on the project Fig.(144) Courtyards/ inner courts

Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality Fig.(140) Stretch ceiling system

Use of recycled materials • Using recycled concrete and recycled aggregates in the manufacturing of the translucent concrete panels

Indoor air quality affects both the health and comfort of those who may live or work in buildings as part of good urban design. It is necessary for architectural design to be sustainable. In order to prevent mold growth, well-designed ventilation that will keep the indoor air clean and fresh, sufficient air exchanges, and moisture control are critical design elements.

Thermal Comfort •

Using double glazed curtain walls on the north west facades

• Natural ventilation through the inner courts and outer courtyards Fig.(141) Translucent concrete panels Fig.(145) Curtain wall facade

Use of lightweight materials

• Using steel shell structure for the auditorium

Fig.(142) Steel shell structure

Indigenous Landscaping Indigenous landscaping, and even planting on a very small scale, has gained prominence worldwide. Not only are native trees and plants easier to grow, but they also mitigate irrigation needs.

Criteria Used In The Performing Arts Center

Advantages Fig.(143) Courtyard

• This lowers the cost of warming and cooling

They give the client of each property a private outside space that is protected and available for the remainder of the day.

• Non-sustainable assets and ozonedamaging reductions emanations of substance.

• decrease the building temperature in a warm environment, saving money on bills for vitality.

• Assurance of the building envelope's components From the intense hot pressure.

Advantages

Fig.(146) Skylights over inner courts

Landscaping can also be used as part of passive sustainable design. Planting trees decreases the gain of solar heat inside the building. Criteria Used In The Performing Arts Center

• Using canopy trees to provide natural shading instead of mechanical shading devices. • Adding a flowing water body in the middle of the project to maximize the cooling effect of the prevailing winds 31

Panel detail

Materials Used Auditorium Interior Walls

Fig.(147) Perforated timber acoustic panel

Fig.148) Auditorium plan

Fig.150) Acoustic Timber panel layers

Faixation Method

CHAPTER

CONSTRUCTION

Acoustic timber Panels Demountable acoustic perforated timber wall panels are used in the main auditorium hall to separate the acoustic function from the visual appearance of the main heavy masonry walls.

• Fixing timber battens on masonry wall. • Attaching aluminum split battens to create an air gap between the timber acoustic panels timber battens. • Attaching perforated acoustic timber panels.

This chapter is going to discuss the interior and exterior materials used within the project highlighting their advantages, methods of construction, and their details. Fig.(149) Acoustic perforated timber cladding

Advantages • Enhancing sound absorption and reducing reverberation • High natural & recycled content. • Secret Fixings. • Lower Embedded Energy (compared to MDF, HPL and other veneered acoustic panels) • Flexible design & panel sizes. • Large reduction in waste. • Greater Control of Quality. 24

• Reductions in Installation Time & On-site Prelims.

Fig.(151) Timber panel section 1:5

Ceiling

Advantages

Exterior

Advantages

Stretch Ceiling Systems

• Stretch Ceiling Systems can act as a special resonance absorber, also called a microperforated sound absorber.

North West Façade

Maximizing the visual connection with the outdoor environment

• The membrane is made with a special polyvinyl chloride base that is guaranteed to be cadmium-free.

• Auditorium foyer

Decorative membranes that can be used in nearly any application that can be given virtually any shape.

• Entrance foyer

Allows maximum gain of natural lighting Aesthetically pleasing Great thermal performance

• Stretch Ceiling Systems allow the user to achieve attractive and modern designs within a short period of time while avoiding the mess typically associated with ceiling construction. • Translucent membrane finish can cover entire ceiling and, when backlit, can offer beautifully diffused lighting.

Fig.(152) Stretch ceiling system on dome ceiling

Fixation Method

Fig.(156) North west elevation

• Fixing aluminium structure at the desired height

Curtain wall system

• Stretching the ceiling membrane across the previously fixed aluminium structure

Tinted glass curtain wall panels on the facades facing the Mediterranean sea.

Fig.(159) Glazed curtain wall façade

Fixation Detail. Panel connection with mullion

Fig.(155) Perimeter detail

Fig.(153) Dome vertical joint detail

Fig.(157) Tinted curtain wall facade

Section Indication in plan

Dome clip/joint detail Dome clip/joint detail

Dome clip/joint detail

Perimeter detail

Fig.(154) Fabric dome ceiling section

Fig.(158) Auditorium Plan

Fig.(160) Curtain wall panels connection to mullion 1:5

Exterior

Advantages

Fixation Method

Back Façade

• Aesthetically pleasing with a seamless finish

• Auditorium hall

• Its shiny reflection gives the building an autonomous finishing

• Gaskets are placed between each panel as an air and water barrier

• Backstage

• Suitable for almost every building shape or style

• services

Façade cladding

• Attaching basic male/female clips simply to the cladding to the building

• Allows building expansion • Simple installation method

Titanium panels

Steel shell structure

• Little or no maintenance or service required Aluminium cladding clips Gasket

Titanium cladding

Fig.(161) Auditorium back facade

Steel shell Tinted Titanium Panels Tinted titanium panels on the back facades.

Tinted Curtain wall Fig.(164) Tinted titanium panels cladding

Panel Detail Fig.(167) Titanium panel section

Theatre Interior

Fig.(162) Tinted titanium cladded facade

Walls

View from auditorium foyer

Kerfed Timber Battens Indication In Plan

Fig.(169) Auditorium facade Cladding layers

The process of kerfing involves cutting small notches in the back of the timber batten to allow the timber to be flexed around a substructure to create the forms or curves

Fig.(165) Titanium Panel layers

Advantages • Enhancing sound absorption and reducing reverberation • High natural & recycled content. • Secret Fixings.

• Lower Embedded Energy (compared to MDF, HPL and other veneered acoustic panels) • Greater Control of Quality. • Great aesthetics

Fig.(163) Auditorium plan

Fig.(166) Titanium insulation detail

Fig.(168) Kerfed timber batten

Interior cladding layers

Indication in plan

Exterior

Advantages

North West Façade

• High impact resistance

• Entrance foyer

• UV protection • Evenly diffused light • Lightweight • Superior air and water tightness

• Highly secure • Easy installation Fig.(172) Theatre plan Fig.(175) Theatre elevation Fig.(170) Kerfed timber battens fixation

Single glazed translucent façade Thermal advanced system

Fixation details • Cutting through the timber battens

Fig.(171) Cuts through the timber batten

Fixation Details Fig.(178) Translucent glazed panel

• Filling the gaps in between with aluminium joiner strip • Attaching the battens to mounting tracks

Fig.(173) Aluminum joiner strip between gaps

• Attach the cladding to the curved stud steel frame

Fig.(176) Single glazed translucent facade

Indication in plan

Fig.(177) Theatre plan

Fig.(174) Kerfed timber acoustic wall installation

Fig.(179) Panel fixation detail 1:5

Training Complex

Indication in plan

Exterior

Back and side facades

North West Façade

• Performance halls

• Training classes

• Services

Translucent concrete Panel

• Gallery • Adminstration Fig.(182) Tinted curtain wall facade

Fig.(184) Training complex side elevation

Translucent Concrete Panels is a concrete based building material with lighttransmissive properties due to embedded optical fibers.

Fig.(180) Training complex elevation

Fixation Detail.

Fig.(187) Training complex plan

This results in a certain light pattern on the other surface, Shadows cast onto one side appear as silhouettes through the material.

Tinted Double glazed Curtain wall Advantages • Maximizing the visual connection with the outdoor environment

Detailed Section

• Great view for the trainees within the training classes • Allows maximum gain of natural lighting • Aesthetically pleasing • Great thermal performance

Advantages

Fig.(185) Translucent concrete facade

• Great aesthetical view to the building. • the texture of finer translucent concrete becomes indistinct at distance. • Energy saving can be done by the utilization of transparent concrete in building. •

Totally environment friendly because of its lighttransmitting characteristics.

Fig.(181) Tinted curtain wall facade Fig.(183) Curtain all fixation detail 1:5

Fig.(186) Translucent concrete Panel

Fig.(188) Translucent concrete Panel installation detail 1:5

Stucture Auditorium

Fig.(190) Auditorium elevation

CHAPTER

STRUCTURE

Fig.(189) Auditorium plan

Structural Envelope Geodesic dome spherical form in which lightweight triangular or polygonal facets consisting of either skeletal struts or flat planes, largely in tension, replace the arch principle and distribute stresses within the structure itself.

This chapter is going to discuss the structure systems used in the performing arts center spaces with their details and construction methods.

Fig.(192) Auditorium structure

Fig.(193) Geodesic dome construction

Fig.(191) Geodesic dome steel frame

The triangles are architecturally firm and distribute the stress throughout the dome, allowing the structure to bear heavy loads for their size.

Space frame is the three dimensional framework that makes the dome structure stable. 29

Fig.(194) Space truss joint connection

Connection to foundation

Theatre

Fig.(199) Theatre plan

Structural envelope

Fig.(196) Wall section

Fig.(195) Foundation connection

Fig.(200) Theatre elevation

Grid shell A grid shell's organic shape and column-free space provide unlimited design freedom to architects and structural engineers.These innovative space-frame structures derive their strength from having double curvature in their overall shape.

Roof and column connection

They are similar to geodesic domes. But while geodesic domes are limited to spherical surfaces, gridshells may take on different curvature in each of two orthogonal directions Fig.(201) Grid shell structure

Shell connections

Fig.(197) Roof connection

Fig.(198) Roof section

Ellipsodial steel columns

Fig.(202) Shell connections Fig.(199) Steel columns

Training Complex

Skylight details

Fig.(204) Training complex elevation

Fig.(203) Training complex plan

Structural envelope Grid shell A grid shell's organic shape and column-free space provide unlimited design freedom to architects and structural engineers.These innovative space-frame structures derive their strength from having double curvature in their overall shape.

Fig.(207) Skylight details

Column distribution

Fig.(205) Grid shell envelope

Fig.(206) Column distribution

Column details

Fig.(208) Column section

Table Of Figures Figure No.

Description

Page No.

Fig.1

National Museum Of Qatar

Fig.2

Peter Eisenman’s House VI

Fig.3

Description

Page No.

Fig.31

Composite site analysis

Fig.32

Guggenheim museum Bilbao

Fig.33

Average Day/Night Temperature chart Average Relative Humidity chart

Fig.4

New Mansoura City Proposal

Fig.34

Average Precipitation chart

Fig.5

location within Egypt

Fig.35

Average Rainy Days chart

Fig.6

New Mansoura location

Fig.36

Average Monthly Sun Hours chart

Fig.7

New Mansoura City Proposal

Fig.37

Average Wind Speed chart

Fig.8

Fig.38

Grand Theatre Of Rabat

Fig.39

Form Inspiration

Fig.40

Interior inspiration

Fig.41

Grand Theatre Of Rabat

Fig.42

Conceptual Illustration

Fig.12

Residential Towers in New Mansoura Mansoura/Gamasa road to New Mansoura city Talkha/Damietta road to New Mansoura city Monorail Path to New Mansoura City National PAC of China

Fig.43

Theatre Accessibility Map

Fig.13

Sydney Opera House PAC

3 Fig.44

Theatre within context

Fig.14

Ancient Egyptians ceremonial Performance Ancient Egyptians Shadow Plays

4 Fig.45

Theatre with surroundings

Fig.46

Circulation analysis

Fig.47

Zoning analysis

Fig.17

Odeum Roman Amphitheatre in Alexandria Cairo Opera House

Fig.48

Plan analysis

Fig.18

Cairo Opera House interior

Fig.49

3D section

Fig.19

El-Gnena Theatre

Fig.50

Section

Fig.20

El-Gnena Theatre

Fig.51

Structural Grid

Fig.21

National Theatre of Egypt

Fig.52

Vertical ribs section

Fig.22

National Theatre of Egypt

Fig.53

Vertical ribs distribution

Fig.23

Fig.54

Vertical ribs with concrete shell

Fig.24

Map showing theatre locations in Delta Theatres distribution in Cairo

Fig.55

Concrete panels between ribs

Fig.25

Selected site in satellite map

Fig.56

Beams and ribs connection

Fig.26

Fig.57

Structural layers

Fig.27

Selected site in proposed master plan Site accessibility map

Fig.58

Physical model

Fig.28

Solid and voids map

Fig.59

Fig.29

Building heights map

Fig.60

Museum of Ethnography building in Budapest New Chicago arts center proposal

Fig.9 Fig.10 Fig.11

Fig.15 Fig.16

3 3

Figure No.

3 3

11 32

Fig.30

Land use map

Fig.61

Schematic form sketch

Table Of Figures Figure No.

Description

Page No.

Fig.62

Form Sketch

Fig.63

Harbin opera house

Fig.64

Description

Page No.

Description

Page No.

Description

Page No.

Fig.92

Green wall façade in Switzerland

Fig.122

Sectional Elevation

Fig.152

Fig.153

Stretch ceiling system on dome ceiling Dome vertical joint detail

Fig.93

Canopy Trees with a water body

Fig.123

Fig.124

Fig.95

Access and Circulation within the project Green wall façade in Switzerland

3D shot showing shaded outdoor training spaces Auditorium foyer

Italian Pavilion

Fig.94

Fig.154

Fabric dome ceiling section

Fig.65

Interior Sketch

Fig.125

Layout

Fig.155

Perimeter detail

Fig.66

Physical Model

Fig.96

Green wall façade in Switzerland

Fig.126

Translucent concrete panels

Fig.156

North west elevation

Fig.67

Program zoning Ground floor

Fig.97

Auditorium ground floor plan

Fig.127

Skylight

Fig.157

Tinted curtain wall facade

Fig.68

Ground floor schematic plan

Fig.98

Ground Floor Plan

Fig.128

Fig.158

Auditorium plan

Fig.99

Elevation

Fig.129

Shot showing shaded outdoor activity area Perforated timber panel

Fig.69

Program zoning First floor

Fig.159

Glazed curtain wall façade

Fig.70

First floor schematic plan

Fig.100

Section

Fig.130

Skylights over inner courts

Fig.160

Ground Floor Plan

Fig.101

Layout

Fig.131

Climate Analysis

Fig.161

Curtain wall panels connection to mullion 1:5 Auditorium back facade

Fig.71 Fig.72

First Floor Plan

Fig.102

Layout with context

Fig.132

Site location in New Mansoura City

Fig.162

Tinted titanium cladded facade

Fig.73

Form generation

Fig.103

Fig.133

Monorail in New Mansoura City

Fig.163

Auditorium plan

Fig.74

Layout

Fig.104

Access and Circulation within the project Kids outdoor training

Fig.134

Climate Analysis

Fig.164

Tinted titanium panels cladding

Fig.75

Ground floor plan

Fig.105

Physical model

Fig.135

Ventilation in the training complex

Fig.165

Titanium Panel layers

Fig.76

First floor plan

Fig.106

Physical model with context

Fig.166

Titanium insulation detail

Fig.136

Canopy trees

29 Fig.167

Titanium panel section

Fig.77

Section

Fig.168

Kerfed timber batten

Fig.169

Auditorium facade Cladding layers

Fig.170

Kerfed timber battens fixation

Fig.171

Cuts through the timber batten

3737

Fig.172

Theatre plan

Fig.173

Fig.175

Aluminum joiner strip between gaps Kerfed timber acoustic wall installation Theatre elevation

Fig.176

Single glazed translucent facade

Fig.177

Theatre plan

Fig.78 Fig.79 Fig.80 Fig.81 Fig.82 Fig.83 Fig.84

Elevation Form generation Layout Contextual layout Ground floor plan First floor plan Section

Figure No.

Fig.107

Zoning

Fig.108

Fig.109

Emergency exits and handicapped considerations Ground floor plan

Fig.110

Layout

Fig.111

Shaded exhibition inspiration

Fig.112

Outdoor courtyard inspiration

Fig.113

Inner court inspiration

Fig.114

shading over outdoor training

Fig.115

Skylight

Fig.116

Food outlets inspiration

Fig.117

Layout within context

Fig.118

Basement Plan

Fig.119

Auditorium balconies inspiration

Fig.137

14 15 15 15 15

Figure No.

Water Features in the project

Figure No.

Fig.138

Timber battens

Fig.139

Perforated timber panels

Fig.140

Stretch ceiling system

Fig.141

Translucent concrete panels

Fig.142

Steel shell structure

Fig.143

Courtyard

Fig.144

Courtyards/ inner courts

Fig.145

Curtain wall facade

Fig.146

Skylights over inner courts

Fig.147

Perforated timber acoustic panel

Fig.178

Translucent glazed panel

Fig.148

Auditorium plan

Fig.179

Panel fixation detail 1:5

16 16

Fig.174

37 38

Fig.85

Elevation

Fig.86

New York times building garden

Fig.87

Nanyang Technical University

Fig.88

Zones relationships

Fig.89

Program bubble diagram

Fig.120

Auditorium balconies in first level

Fig.149

Acoustic perforated timber cladding

Fig.180

Training complex elevation

Fig.90

Outdoor shaded activity area

Fig.121

North West Elevation

Fig.150

Acoustic Timber panel layers

Fig.181

Tinted curtain wall facade

Fig.91

Rehab center in new Zeeland

Fig.122

Sectional Elevation

Fig.151

Timber panel section 1:5

Fig.182

Tinted curtain wall facade

Table Of Figures Figure No.

References Description

Page No.

Fif.183

Curtain all fixation detail 1:5

Fig.184

Training complex side elevation

Fig.185

Translucent concrete facade

Fig.186

Translucent concrete Panel

Fig.187

Training complex plan

Fig.188

Translucent concrete Panel installation detail 1:5

Fig.189

Auditorium plan

Fig.190

Auditorium elevation

Fig.191

Geodesic dome steel frame

Fig.192

Auditorium structure

Fig.193

Geodesic dome construction

Fig.194

Space truss joint connection

Fig.195

Foundation connection

Fig.196

Wall section

Fig.197

Roof connection

Fig.198

Roof section

Fig.199

Steel columns

Fig.200

Theatre elevation

Fig.201

Grid shell structure

Fig.202

Shell connections

Fig.203

Training complex plan

Fig.204

Training complex elevation

Fig.205

Grid shell envelope

Fig.206

Column distribution

Fig.207

Skylight details

Fig.208

Column section

Chapter 1 • https://www.academia.edu/10345269/Reconsidering_Emil_Kaufmanns_Vo n_Ledoux_bis_Le_Corbusier • https://architizer.com/blog/inspiration/collections/coop-himmelblau/ • https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1082&context=arch_ pubs • https://francescacritchley.wordpress.com/2013/11/24/how-i-feel-aboutpostmodern-and-modernarchitecture/#:~:text=The%20Guggenheim%20Museum%20Bilbao%20in,of %20intricate%20and%20multiple%20spaces • http://www.cairo.gov.eg/en/Culture/Pages/History-of-Egyptian-Art.aspx • https://www.propertyfinder.eg/blog/en/new-mansoura-city/ • https://www.ecgsa.com/project/new-mansoura-city/ • https://jesaun.journals.ekb.eg/article_114990_09610aa23d6843de08cbce 01a7af24dd.pdf • https://invest-gate.me/news/works-underway-on-613-buildings-in-newmansoura/ • https://www.egypttoday.com/Article/1/62712/2018-AccomplishmentsBuilding-new-fourth-generation-cities • https://worldarchitecture.org/architecture-news/egvzn/interview-withcell-mansoura-s-sociourban-enterprise-in-egypt.html • https://weather-and-climate.com/average-monthly-Rainfall-TemperatureSunshine,Alexandria,Egypt Chapter 2

• https://www.archdaily.com/914739/oma-morphosis-and-johnstonmarklee-among-finalists-for-new-chicago-artscenter/5cacf395284dd1c399000339-oma-morphosis-and-johnstonmarklee-among-finalists-for-new-chicago-arts-center-image • https://static1.squarespace.com/static/53c0fff4e4b056735b994943/t/59d 8abd0e45a7c0ce23c1612/1507372002263/9236++Grand+Theatre+Rabat+AKTII+-+Sterling+Janssen+Hind.pdf • https://www.archdaily.com/90812/rabat-grand-theatre-zaha-hadid

• https://buildabroad.org/2017/08/15/sustainability-in-architecture/ • https://sustainability.umw.edu/areas-of-sustainability/economicsustainability/#:~:text=Economic%20sustainability%20refers%20to%20prac tices,sector%20through%20the%20UMW%20foundation • https://hbr.org/2011/10/the-sustainable-economy • https://www.process.st/economic-sustainability/ • https://www.esg.adec-innovations.com/about-us/faqs/what-is-socialsustainability/

• https://www.unglobalcompact.org/what-is-gc/our-work/social • https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/social-sustainability • https://eg.saint-gobain-glass.com/download/file/fid/1246 Chapter 4 • http://earconsacoustic.in/Soles_Fabric.php • https://decoustics.com/products/fabric/ • https://www.thousandwonders.net/National+Centre+for+the+Performing+ Arts+China • https://www.vmzinc.com.au/projects/1364-fayetteville-state-universityscience-and-technology-building-fayetteville-usa.html • https://v9y7w3a3.stackpathcdn.com/wpcontent/uploads/2020/03/brochure-facade-cladding-104927-v015-ende.pdf • https://architizer.com/blog/practice/details/behind-the-design-metalcladding/ • https://sculptform.com/curved-timber-tech-specs/#ts-8193 • https://m.made-in-china.com/product/Curved-Micro-Perforated-WoodenTimber-Acoustic-Panel-762301925.html • http://danpal.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/AirPT-Facade-system.pdf

• https://www.architonic.com/en/project/mad-architects-harbin-operahouse/5103797

Chapter 5:

• https://www.kling-freitag.com/referenzen/harbin-grand-theatre/

• https://www.floornature.com/architectural-solutions/double-shell-steelstructure-ordos-museum-mad-14894/

Chapter 3 • https://hmcarchitects.com/news/the-top-6-sustainable-architecturestrategies-for-public-building-design-2018-10-03/ • https://www.barker-associates.co.uk/service/architecture/what-issustainable-architecture • https://www.bau.edu.lb/Research/Environmental-Studies-andSustainability-in-Architecture • https://medium.com/a9architecture/sustainability-in-architectureb349c2ab4542

• http://geodomas.eu/portfolio/geodesic-glass-dome-o15m-protects-house/

• https://favpng.com/download/Eaftby5X • https://tjpa.org/uploads/2015/02/TG08-3_PreProposal_Presentation.pdf • https://www.visionagi.co.uk/commercial-glazing/gridshell/

FREEDOM [ FREE-DUHM ] PHILOSOPHY. THE POWER TO EXERCISE CHOICE AND MAKE DECISIONS WITHOUT CONSTRAINT FROM WITHIN OR WITHOUT; AUTONOMY; SELF-DETERMINATION.