Graduate + Professional Portfolio
SAM GELFAND
MASTER’S OF ARCHITECTURE GRADUATE WORK
Above: Perspective from Manor Rd. Right: Unit plans
Graduate Studio
VERTICAL MIXED USE Spring 2007
University of Texas at Austin Prof. Michael Garrison This project explores the design possibilities within the City of Austin’s recent Vertical Mixed Use (VMU) zoning ordinance. In an attempt to increase density and high living standards while preventing sprawl throughout Central Texas, the ordinance encourages developers to build high-density mixed use projects close to certain designated transit corridors within Central Austin (in this case Manor Road). VMU zoning offers enticing benefits for this type of development. To earn them, developers must meet specific requirements to make the project conform with Austin’s urban vision. These include high-quality building design, meet-the-street requirements, inclusion of pedestrianfriendly amenities and green-building requirements. In addition, 10% of the housing units must be “affordable” (based on area median family income). As a means to entice development, civic minded developers get specific financial incentives. Most valuable, the “relaxed standards” for VMU can allow significantly more condominiums or apartments on a site (primarily by lifting “minimum site area requirements” that would restrict density). The relaxations also reduce by 40% the parking required by code and add more uses on the ground floor, such as convenience stores and eateries.
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VMU Parking Sumary Use Sinclair Joe’s Specialty Market 6000 sf KSOS Radio Station + Offices 3000 sf Low Income Efficiency Suites 8 units 1 Bedroom Apartments 4 units Total VMU Parking Credits: Overall -40% Reduction
1 space per shower facility in reta
Total Parking Required Total Parking Provided
Left: Area Plan showing how the development is integrated into the existing city block. Right: Ground Level Plan
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Right: 2nd Floor Plan. This pan encourage pedestrian activity by placing all of the program to the edge of a the sidewalk and concealing the parking to rear, a design objection of the VMU ordinance. Opposite: Elevation from Manor Rd. Section A-A
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Opposite: Photo of the 4th Street State Parking Garage Left: Map of downtown above ground parking garages (shown in red)
Red River
Congress
Market
Warehouse
Convention Center
2nd Street
2nd Street
To w n L a k e
Events
6th Street
South Congress
Graduate Studio
CAR PARK ADAPTIVE RE-USE Âť HIGH SCHOOL Fall 2007
University of Texas at Austin Prof. Simon Atkinson As with many American cities, Austin is trying to encourage downtown development as means of combating sprawl, improving public transportation, encouraging economic development and ultimately to create a more sustainable city. But even as density occurs, the automobile is still a dominant factor in the design of the Downtown environment. According to Austin’s Issues and Opportunities Report typically, about one-third of the square footage of Downtown buildings is built as car parking. Entire city blocks are devoted to parking garages. As more people begin to live downtown and as the city installs a more robust public transportation system (such as the newly opened Metro Redline light rail system), the need for parking will diminish. Economic forces will no longer deem above ground parking as highest and best use for valuable downtown property. In order to full its promise of a dense, well served downtown, a creative solution is needed to repropose the many blocks that have been hijacked by the above ground parking garage. In addition, in order to cultivate a healthy, sustainable and equitable downtown, the city needs to provide resources for wide cross section of demographics. This includes services for families, which currently there are not many family oriented businesses or institutions downtown. Specifically there are no public schools in the downtown area, making it undesirable for a family to move downtown. This project explores the idea of trying to take advantage extraneous parking infrastructure by repurposing a parking garage into a public high school in the heart of downtown. It proposes a method to carve out and clad the existing structure with an energy efficient double skin facade.
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Above: Exterior rendering of triple -height auditorium space Right: Diagram of existing modular construction system and its possibility for reconfiguration Opposite: Wall section and axonometric diagram of new layered skin system
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Building Skin System N.T.S.
Building Skin Building System Skin System N.T.S. N.T.S.
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Right: Exterior rendering from street Below: Diagram of how program can be configured within the existing grid of the structure Opposite: 2nd Level Plan
2ND FLOOR
1ST FLOOR
GROUND FLOOR
RETAIL RECREATION GALLERY CLASSROOMS STUDENT COMMON WALKWAY
1st FLOOR PLAN 1/16” = 1’-0” Austin New School Ground Floor Plan + Program Diagram
New School round Floor Plan + Program Diagram
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LAB LABRATORY
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OFF
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RN
CISTERN
OFFICES
TRAM STOP/ EXHIBITION SPACE
SITE / FLOOR PLAN 1/16” = 1’-0”
Goal to meet challenge for offcie buildings in Texas: As per eQuest model:
27.7 kWh/sf/yr 14.27 kWh/sf/yr
Total tearly demand:
77,1000 kWh
To offset 100% (as per FindSolar.com)
50kW system and 5000 sf of roof
Left: Site Plan Below: Renderings from the south
TEXAS CLEAN ENERGY PARK RESEARCH CENTER Fall 2008 University of Texas at Austin Prof. Werner Lang
The Texas Clean Energy Park is conceived of as a clean energy campus, based in Austin, that would be devoted to the development and improvement in business, education, research, and training within the clean energy industry. This park will provide housing for renewable energy companies and education and research facilities. This project focuses on the design of a single building with in the proposed campus, a research center. Located on 140 acres of undeveloped grass lands adjacent to the Austin Airport, the intention of the project is to create a world class research and meeting facility that would provide a “retreat-like” atmosphere. Four buildings are arranged on the site in order to take advantage of the prevailing southern winds and promote natural ventilation through the Venturi effect. The buildings, in order to create compelling, well lit interior spaces, which take advantage of the expansive and beautiful prairie views, employ fully glazed façades. In order to mitigate the harsh Texas sun and to reduce the energy load a typical glass façade building would produce, an extensive shading structure wraps building and prevents any direct sunlight from entering the building between the months of May through September. This shade structure extends over the interstitial spaces between the various buildings to provide opportunities for shaded meeting and outdoor spaces. The shaded spaces created are designed for chance encounters that cultivate a work environment, which is both pleasant and maximizes the chances for spontaneous discussion.
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Southerly Summer Winds Shade 50% March to October 100% April to September
Section / Climate Concept
Shallow section and full height glazing for natural ventilation and daylighting
Photovoltaic Panels
Shaded exterio and cir
Right: Shading Study Model Below: Energy Concept Section
courtyard forShaded courtyard forLight Shelf for gathering exterior gathering Daylighting ulation and circulation
Light Photovoltaic Shelf for Panels Photovoltaic Panels Daylighting
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Above: Perspective from main approach Opposite: Wall Details
BACKPACKER’S WAY-POINT Spring 2008
University of Texas at Austin Prof. Nichole Weidemann The aim of this studio was to explore the design and material consequences of building on a particular site. The program is a remote backpacker’s cabin that would provide the appropriate amount of comfort for a way point during a multi-day hike or excursion. The remote nature of this site required that the structures be self-sufficient and primarily rely on its materials and construction to provide comfort. The dry western climate of this site requires that this project considers the function of mass to provide comfort. The massive stone walls face south and west to gather heat for the shelter in anticipation for the cool nights and buffer the heat gain during the hot summer days. In addition to comfort considerations, the project attempts to draw inspiration from the particular experiential nature of inhabiting this remote site. Construction details are purposely left as obscured as possible so that the structure appears to be a landscape feature much like the stone out croppings. This suggestion of timelessness further enhances the sense of security that this shelter can provide.
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Opposite: Plan and Sections Left: Site Plan and Approach Diagram
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Opposite: Perspective from below Right: Wall sections and construction details. Details which conceal the shelter’s construction methods, such as the windows boxes that extend beyond the headers, reinforce the sense that the shelter is a natural element in the landscape.
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Left: Day/Night Perspective from main approach Opposite: Facility Building Wall Section
Graduate Studio
OBSERVATORY SUPPORT FACILITIES Spring 2009 w/ Alexis Kurland University of Texas at Austin Prof. Cisco Gomes McDonald Observatory, a research unit of The University of Texas at Austin, is located atop Mount Locke in the Davis Mountains of West Texas, which offer some of the darkest night skies in the United States. Astronomers from research institutions from around the world book telescope time years in advance. In many cases the opportunities to observe astronomical events occur only once in a lifetime. Therefore it is important that when they arrive at the observatory there are world-class facilities in place to support their research. The unique nighttime working schedule at the observatory presents an interesting design problem. A successful addition to the observatory campus would be a facility that provides for a sense of community and collaboration for the visiting astronomers, comfortable daytime sleeping quarters and that would significantly limit light pollution during the night. The meeting, eating and socializing programs are consolidated in a single large building organized around a three-story height great room. This threestory height space opens to the landscape via large floor to ceiling windows. Large oversized shutter doors, inspired by the aperture openings of the telescopes, close the view off at night, allowing the building to be used without interfering with the telescopes. A meandering walk servicing the sleeping facilities provides smaller spaces for impromptu gatherings and opportunities for researches to share the view. The “dogtrot� unit entrances provide shelter and opportunities to experience the view privately. The decision to suppress the sleeping facilities below the main grade serve as part of the light mitigation strategy. Finally, the sleeping quarters are perched off the side of the mountain supported by large pre-cast concrete stilts. These stilts are meant to emulate the patterns formed by palisades found on nearby mountaintops and ridges thereby lessening the elongated building’s visual impact in the landscape. Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Graduate Studio | 27
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Above: Guest Room Detail Section Opposite: Guest Room Building Parti Model
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AUSTIN COMMUNITY DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER PROFESSIONAL WORK
Professional Work
PECAN SPRINGS COMMONS 2009 - 2011
Austin Community Design and Development Center
Owner: Green Doors Project Description: The Pecan Springs Commons project is a neighborhood revitalization project, including the renovation of six four-plexes and two twenty-four unit apartment buildings. The properties are located in an area of Pecan Springs Neighborhood known for high crime and absentee landlords. The project provides much needed green, affordable housing with resident amenities, creating a more attractive, sustainable, and desirable place to live with this northeast Austin neighborhood. With a mix of accessible and typical units, residents will include low-income families, military veterans, and individuals transitioning out of homelessness.
Opposite: Conceptual Site Plan Above: Project under construction Following pages: Before and after photographs
The project was developed under the City of Austin’s SMART Housing Guidelines and has received a 4-Star rating on the Austin Energy Green Building Program. The project has also been awarded over $11,000 in carbon offset credits from the Enterprise Carbon Offset Fund. Services Provided by Sam Gelfand via ACDDC: Architectural design; Green building consulting; Coordination of engineering design team, Project management; Managing rebates and carbon offset funds; Coordination with Austin Energy Green Building Program and City of Austin SMART Housing.
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Opposite: Alley Flat # 1 Entry and Interior Below: Alley Flat # 1 Solar PV Trellis
Professional Work
THE ALLEY FLAT INITIATIVE 2008 - 2011
Austin Community Design and Development Center
The Alley Flat Initiative is an award-winning collaboration between ACDDC, Guadalupe Neighborhood Development Corporation, and the University of Texas Center for Sustainable Development. The initiative was conceived through student research and design studios in the University of Texas School of Architecture. “Alley Flats” are small, detached residential units, accessed from Austin’s extensive network of under utilized alleys, that can be built by homeowners on the back of their lots to generate additional income, house family members, or locate a small home-based business. These structures, each less than 850 square feet, create a secondary independent living space within a single-family lot. Additionally, with their small footprints and site-sensitive design, alley flats are easily woven into existing neighborhoods. They provide an outstanding opportunity to create affordability and increase density without requiring changes to existing zoning regulations or causing disruptive changes to the character of our neighborhoods. Their efficient design yields very low operational costs – averaging 60% less per square foot than traditional construction. Alley Flats are designed to achieve at minimum a 3-Star rating in Austin Energy’s Green Building Program The immediate goal of the project was to build two prototype alley flats– one for each of two families in East Austin – that showcases both the innovative design and environmental sustainability features of the alley flat designs Services Provided by Sam Gelfand via ACDDC: Project management; Programming; Permitting; Coordination with Austin Energy Green Building Program and City of Austin’s SMART Housing Program. Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Professional Work | 39
Opposite: Site Plan and Elevations from Alley Flat #2 Permit Set Above: Exterior Alley Flat #2
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WEBBERVILLE
ROAD
GUADALUPE-SALDANA NET-ZERO SUBDIVISION SITE PLAN
BIOFILTRATION POND
COMMUNITY CENTER
ACC PARKING
MF SITE LEGEND SINGLE FAMILY TWO-FAMILY
4-ACRE SITE LEGEND
TOWNHOME
KRDB
HATCH HATCH-A (N)
KRDB-S
5/3/2010
STUDIO MOMENTUM (2-BR) EXISTING
HATCH-B (N) KRDB-A (N)
HATCH-A (S)
KRDB-B (N) HATCH-B (S) KRDB-C (N) HATCH 2-BR
N
SCALE: 1
Professional Work
GUADALUPE SALDAĂ‘A NET-ZERO SUBDIVISION 2008 - 2011
Austin Community Design and Development Center
Owner: Guadalupe Neighborhood Development Corporation Project Manager: Austin Community Design and Development Center Architects: Studio Momentum | Nelsen Partners, Inc. | KRDB | Hatch + Ulland Owen Architects Project Description: The Guadalupe-Saldana Netzero Subdivision is an 11 acre infill project in Austin’s Govalle Neighborhood. The currently vacant brownfield site will be remediated and developed with 92 units of affordable housing, public green spaces, and a community learning center. With 50 units of town home / condominium style-housing and 20 single-family homes affordable to families at 80% or below Median Family Income, each homeowner or renter will also enjoy the savings associated with a net zero energy bill on an annual basis. ACDDC is working with the local municipally run utility, who has offered their support towards the goal of net-zero energy on the property. Austin Energy, sees the project as an opportunity to monitor the effects of an energy-producing subdivision on the electricity distribution system. ACDDC has gathered the team of consultants necessary to achieve the difficult task of net zero energy in a large affordable subdivision with diverse housing types and is facilitating the integrated design process. ACDDC has also served as the green building consultant and energy modelers for the project. Services Provided by Sam Gelfand via ACDDC: Energy modeling; Community input facilitation through charettes and community meetings; Management + coordination of architectural and engineering design team; Green building consulting; Managing rebates and carbon offset funds. Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Professional Work | 43
SFJONES ARCHITECTS PROFESSIONAL WORK
Professional Work
KUMO RESTAURANT Los Angeles, CA 2006 SFJones Arhitects Kumo is a 3000 square foot ultra modern Japanese restaurant and fusion drink bar. The client intended the restaurant to be a complete fine dining experience and expected the finished and details to express this experience. The restaurant, located on a prime block of Melrose Avenue, in West Hollywood serves fine Japanese cuisine in a chic allwhite setting designed to resemble its namesake, Kumo, which means “cloud� in Japanese. Services Provided by Sam Gelfand via SFJones Architects: Design renderings;detail design; drawing and coordinating the construction document set; coordinating with product manufactures and custom milwork contractors.
Above: Design renderings Left: Sushi bar details and photograph (courtesy SF Jones) Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Professional Work | 47
Left: Cocktail bar details and photograph (courtesy SF Jones) Right: Reflected Ceiling Plan, ceiling cove detail and photograph (courtesy SF Jones) Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Professional Work | 49
MASTER’S OF SCIENCE SUSTAINABLE DESIGN GRADUATE WORK
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Excerpt from Wall Type Energy Study: The energy goal for the simulation is to try to prescribe economically reasonable design modifications to an existing 1140 sf 2 bedroom, 2 bath home plan. The study assumes that the PV panels required to achieve net zero performance can be incorporated into the initial construction cost and therefore the mortgage at a rate of 3.5%. Economically reasonable is then to be assumed that the additional debt service incurred by adding the cost of PV system into the mortgage can be no larger than the average monthly electric bill of the current designed home (referred to as “As Constructed”). Assumptions: • As Constructed: 7582 kWh/yr. @ $.097/kWh =$61/month • $61/month @ 30 yrs/3.5% = $13,500 of additional principal • PV Cost (after incentives) = $3/watt • .: $13,500 will yield 4.5kW system and 4.5 kW will yield 5700 kWh/yr. of power Therefore, to achieve net zero performance without any additional out of pocket monthly expenses, the whole house energy use must be no larger than 5700 kWh/yr. Envelope Study The largest liability for both comfort and energy use of the current house design is the semi-insulated CMU block walls that are used for the first 8’ vertically of the south, west and north walls. In particular the south facing bedroom is often "���#$������%&�����%'�%�����%()*�+ the most uncomfortable room in the house during the summer time because of the large amount of radiation that is absorbed through the fully sun exposed, high thermal mass CMU wall which, in turn, re-radiates to the interior. The first investigation, then, is to test different wall constructions to produce a more comfortable and presumably less energy intensive house. ��%$���������, -���%������ &.������%/��������� ���,%*���� ���,%*���%0%-���%������
The four wall constructions considered are: • As Constructed: 8 inch CMU block wall w/ spray foam insulation in its cores. • Rain Screen: the base CMU block wall w/ a rain screen installed on the exterior that fully shades the block wall from direct solar radiation • Exterior Insulation: R-5 rigid insulation installed on the exterior of the block ����� ����� walls ��� ���� ���� ������ ������ �� ���� �� ����� �� ����� �� • 2x6 Stud Walls: replace the block walls with a conventional 2x6 framed wall with R-19 insulation
For each wall construction, the mean radiant, mean air and inside surface temperatures of the front southern bedroom were compared on a typically hot summer day (August 8th). An Ideal Air Load system was added to the model as a set point of 26° C. Results All three constructions reduce the mean radiant temperature of the space to around 27° C as compared to about 29° C for the As Constructed design. More consequently, all constructions reduce the interior surface temperature of the block wall dramatically. From a high of about 32° C surface temperature for the As Constructed design down to about 27° C for both the Exterior Insulation and 2x6 Wall constructions. The Rainscreen did not perform as well for the surface temperature most likely due to its small amount of insulation in the construction. The surface temperature might be a better indicator of comfort since the mean radiant temperature is an average of the radiant temperatures in the space. If an activity in the room were to be located closer to the high temperature wall, the operative temperature at that particular spot will be more affected by the high surface temperature of the wall than the mean radiant temperature. ������%&�����%&�����%()*�+% 2��� 1 �� 1��� ! �� !��� �� ���
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While this analysis shows a significant energy improvement through a redesign of the building envelope, it was not enough to bring the performance of the house to the target level of 5700 kWh. Other strategies must be employed.
The surface temperature might be a better indicator of comfort since the mean radiant temperature is an average of the radiant temperatures in the space. If an activity in the room were to be located closer to the high temperature wall, the operative temperature at that particular spot will be more affected by the high temperature wall than the mean radiant temperature.
MS Sustainable Design Graduate Energy Modeling Work
Although the Exterior Insulation construction and the 2x6 Wall construction appear to be better performing than the Rain Screen, the next investigation will be to test the constructions on an annual basis with internal loads since the extra heat absorbing qualities demonstrated by the Rain Screen construction might be beneficial during the winter time.
ENERGYPLUS NET-ZERO WALL TYPE STUDY Fall 2012
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Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Graduate Sustainable Design | 53
100% SHADE @ 40° PROFILE
1'-6"
West
100% EXPOSURE @ 77° PROFILE (PV OVER SHADOW PREVENTION)
100% EXPOSURE @ 77° PROFILE (PV OVER SHADOW PREVENTION)
1'-6"
77°
77°
77°
40°
2'-0"
40°
2'-0"
27°
8 South Shade Module N.T.S.
9 Open Module N.T.S.
10 East/West Shade Module N.T.S.
MS Sustainable Design Graduate Work
INTELLIGENT BUILDING SKINS Spring 2013
University of Texas School of Architecture Prof. Uli Dangel Buildings today are made up of several subsystems: the load-bearing structure, the mechanical system, the interior spatial framework, and the building envelope. The building skin is a governing system within these subsystems and has to fulfill a wide range of essential functions. Its primary task is to regulate the external climate conditions in order to provide comfortable internal conditions for the occupants. Wall and roof surfaces should respond to local climatic situations and if necessary modify their effects on the interior. The physical needs of the user are the determining factors for the design of the envelope, and most comfort-related parameters can be directly controlled and manipulated through appropriate conception and design of the building skin. This project proposed a new facade system for a mid-century era typical modernist “glass box” office tower. Buildings of this era typically relied on air conditioning and highly reflective glass coatings to address solar heat gain. This strategy is energy intensive and the dark tinting creates poor indoor day lighting quality. Alternatively, the solution presented here proposes a pre manufactured exterior shading system that is tuned to provide shading from direct solar gain most times of the year. This reduces the cooling load on the building significantly and for clear glass to be used to aid in proper day lighting. Further building integrated colored glass PV panels are incorporated into the shading strategy to take advantage of the building’s unobstructed solar exposure.
Gelfand Graduate + Professional Portfolio | Graduate Sustainable Design | 55
OUTRIGGER SHOE w/ NEOPRENE THERMAL BREAK
OPAQUE COLORED PV GLASS
OPAQUE COLORED PV GLASS @ 30째
OPAQUE COLORED PV GLASS @ 30째
DROP CEILING, SEALED FOR RETURN PLENUM
ANODIZED ALUMINUM FIXED LOUVRE
ANODIZED ALUMINUM FIXED LOUVRE
SOLAR SHADE STRUCTURAL GLASS CURTAIN WALL
OPAQUE COLORED PV GLASS
ALUMINUM SASH
ANODIZED ALUMINUM FRAME SYSTEM
THERMAL BREAK CURTAIN WALL CONNECTION BRACKET
COLORED GLASS SPANDREL PANEL BEYOND
UNDER FLOOR AIR SUPPLY
STRUCTURAL GLASS CURTAIN WALL BEYOND
COLORED GLASS SPANDREL PANEL INSULATION ANODIZED ALUMINUM FRAME SYSTEM
2'-0" TYP.
1 Building Elevation (South) N.T.S.
Sam Gelfand
2 Facade Detail Elevation 1/4" = 1'-0"
ARC 386M Inteleigent Building Skins
Final Presentation
3 Exterior Wall Section 1/2" = 1'-0"
Bank of America Tower
05_3_2013 As Shown
F_1.1
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