THE NEW SHAPE OF WELLBEING - Medicine and wellbeing, the foundation of the Jacuzzi brand experience. by SANILUX

The New Shape of Wellbeing

THE NEW SHAPE OF WELLBEING Medicine and wellbeing: the foundation of the Jacuzzi® brand experience.

SCIENTIFIC COORDINATION BY: Prof. Umberto Solimene Professor of Medical Therapy and Spa Medicine at the University of Milan Prof. Arsenio Veicsteinas Dean of the Faculty of Exercise Sciences at the University of Milan

This document does not provide medical advice. It is intended for informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

00.

INTRODUCTION

01.

JACUZZI®: HISTORY 1.1 - Origins: California dreaming 1.2 - The revolution 1.3 - From baths to the Roman Bath 1.4 - A return to origins 1.5 - 1970: the Hot Tub is born

02.

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO HYDROTHERAPY

03.

THE NEW SHAPE OF WELLBEING J ADVICE:THE ART OF WELLBEING

04.

HYDROMASSAGE 4.1 - What is hydromassage J ADVICE: MOMENTS OF RELAXATION 4.2 - The Jacuzzi® jets 4.3 - Physical and chemical actions of bathing therapy. Therapeutic properties and the wellbeing of the person 4.4 - The temperature J ADVICE: BENEFICIAL HEAT 4.5 - The reactions of the body 4.6 - Therapeutic properties 4.7 - Other therapeutic effects 4.8 - Therapeutic exercises J ADVICE: AROMATHERAPY AND HYDROMASSAGE: A WINNING COMBINATION 4.9 - Hydromassage as a complement to sport J ADVICE: WATER GAMES 4.10 - Contraindications J ADVICE: THE SEVEN GOLDEN RULES FOR A GOOD HYDROMASSAGE

05.

SAUNA 5.1 - Brief history and its spread through different cultures and customs 5.2 - General characteristics and specifications of the microclimate 5.3 - Physical-chemical and biological actions of sauna 5.4 - Use of sauna as physical and preventative therapy 5.5 - Support for sport 5.6 - Physiological effects of sauna 5.7 - Contraindications 5.8 - The present: avant-garde design and technology for Jacuzzi® SASHA J ADVICE: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AN EFFECTIVE SAUNA

06.

TURKISH BATH 6.1 - Brief history and its spread through different cultures and customs 6.2 - General characteristics and specifications of the microclimate 6.3 - Physical-chemical and biological actions of Turkish bath 6.4 - Physiological actions on various organs and systems of the organism 6.5 - Aromatherapy enhances the benefits of the Turkish bath 6.6 - Contraindications J ADVICE: RE-ESTABLISH HARMONY WITH ONE’S OWN NATURE 6.7 - Professional Turkish bath at home J ADVICE: THE OPTIMAL TURKISH BATH

07.

SHOWERING 7.1 - Introduction and brief history 7.2 - Types of showers 7.3 - Jet types and their use 7.4 - Contraindications 7.5 - From therapy to the technology of wellbeing J ADVICE: A JET FOR EVERY NEED 7.6 - From chromotherapy to CromoDream® J ADVICE: COLOURS WHICH CARESS THE BODY

SIENNA EXPERIENCE 04

Today everybody is talking about hydromassage, many have it at home, but in the marketplace and in media discussion about these products (Turkish baths, saunas etc.) there is almost no information on the correct use of its applications, on its possible therapeutic indications, on the contraindications and on the reasons which tend to link these products to wellbeing. Jacuzzi® wants to promote hydromassage products in general, together with saunas and Turkish baths through an “educational” campaign on Jacuzzi® products. In this context, it has developed “The new shape of wellbeing”, a scientific communication project, giving information on hydrotherapy in general and on hydromassage products,

INTRODUCTION

saunas, Turkish baths and showers in particular, in collaboration with the European Association of Spa Medicine (A.E.Me.B), in the persons of Prof. Umberto Solimene, Chairman of the Association and Professor of Medical Therapy and Spa Medicine at the University of Milan and Prof. Arsenio Veicsteinas, Vice Chairman of the Association A.E.Me.B and Dean of the Faculty of Physical Education at the University of Milan. Furthermore, Prof. Solimene and Prof. Veicsteinas, also belong to the Advisory Board of Jacuzzi, which will deal with the development of the communication activies regarding the wellbeing project.

JACUZZI®: HISTORY

The Jacuzzi brothers settled down in California, bringing with them their brilliant creativity and a real passion for mechanics. This enabled them to realize several inventions, the first being a newly designed propeller adopted by the American Air Force and, having founded in 1915 the Jacuzzi Brothers Company, a complete airplane. Indeed the first monoplane J-7 Reo with an integrated cabin dates back to 1920, designed by the lively and ingenious mind of the first brother Rachele and realized by Jacuzzi Bros. In 1926 the “Jet Pump” was born, the first pump for groundwater extraction at the deepest levels, meeting with enormous success amongst the American farmers, enough to win the GOLDEN Medal in 1930 at the California State Fair. Since then, the success of this product has been never-ending.

1.2 - THE REVOLUTION But the Jacuzzi brothers had not yet initiated the real revolution. This will arrive, as often happens by chance, or sometimes out of necessity, a few years later. We are in 1956 and Kenneth Jacuzzi, the younger son of Candido, is suffering from a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis, a progressive debilitating disease. The doctors prescribe some hydrotherapy sessions in specialized centres to relieve mobility difficulties. Once again, astute brilliance and inventiveness find a solution. Owing to an excellent knowledge of hydraulics, Candido modifies an immersion pump like those used in agriculture, transforming it into a portable hydrotherapy device to be applied to the bath tub at home. It is called J-300®, a pump which produces a jet in which all the curative effects of hydrotherapy coalesce. Above all, it is the first prototype of hydromassage ever created, destined to change the lives of many people and immediately suitable for sale to hospitals, schools, private houses. 1.1 - Origins: California dreaming The Jacuzzi® story is a typically Italian one, a warming tale of sheer determination and hard work; made of dreams, grand ideas and a lot of talent and enthusiam. The Twentieth century began full of contradictions but was subsequently laden with opportunities, showing a relentless drive towards technological innovation. It was in the first years of the new century, in 1907 to be precise, when the Jacuzzi brothers Francesco, Rachele e Valeriano, like many other of their compatriots, followed the classic American dream and left for the new continent to seek their fortune, joined after only a few years by the other brothers Gelindo, Candido, Giocondo and Giuseppe.

1.3 - FROM BATHS TO THE ROMAN BATH This invention marks the turning point for Jacuzzi Brothers. In 1968, Roy Jacuzzi, third generation member of the family, joins the company as manager of the Research Division, re-examines his uncle’s discovery and designs a bath tub with a system of integrated hydromassage jets, so as to mix air and water in targeted jets. The “Roman bath” is born, named after the great spa culture of the Ancient Romans. This is the first time that the name “Jacuzzi” is associated with the invention that will make it famous thoughout the world: the

JACUZZI®: HISTORY

tendency to dedicate more care to the body, whilst the company’s creations always satisfy, and even anticipate, the needs of an increasingly demanding market. Refined aesthetics and exclusive design, together with more and more innovative technology, represent the standards of all Jacuzzi® creations.

1.5 - 1970: THE HOT TUB IS BORN In 1970, by maintaining the same air-water ratio employed for the “Roman bath” and adding some water filtering and heating systems, Roy Jacuzzi invented the “family” hot tub: for the first time in modern history it was possible to enjoy a relaxing and toning hydromassage at home with your family and friends. During the 80s the range of Jacuzzi® hot tubs increased to include models that could also be installed outdoors, with the addition of hot tubs featuring relaxing waterfalls. The concept of a garden spa experience, intended as a moment to be enjoyed just like a barbecue or a pool, was born.

hydromassage bath tub. The Roman Bath meets with immediate success and Jacuzzi® begins to offer different solutions on the market.

1.4 - A RETURN TO ORIGINS After 60 years the brothers return to their native town of Valvasone and, in 1970, within spitting distance of their birthplace, found the first European factory making hydromassage bath tubs. Since then, year after year, Jacuzzi® continues to grow and hydromassage products captivate an ever-increasing public, interpreting people’s need for relaxation and the growing

JACUZZI®: HISTORY

Today, boasting a patrimony of over three hundred original patents, Jacuzzi® is the reference trademark in the bathroom furniture segment and global leader for hydromassage products and Hot Tubs. It forms part of the Jacuzzi Brands Corp, subsidiary of the private investment fund Apollo Management L.P. Jacuzzi Brands Corp. operates directly in Europe, Africa and the Far East through the EMEA organization and indirectly through a capillary sales network through all the abovementioned markets. Over the years Jacuzzi® offers itself increasingly as an important protagonist in the bathroom furniture sector, constantly investing in research and development and continuing its exploration of an overall concept of “wellbeing”, applied at home, outdoors and in the professional sector. In this way, Jacuzzi® also introduces the beneficial effect of hydromassage into showers with its multi-function cabins, turning them into “wellbeing machines” offering the same advantages as whirlpool baths, and mini-swimming pools: a real oases of relaxation, Jacuzzi® Hot Tubs offer professional services giving unique sensations of wellbeing to be shared with others both at home and outdoors. But the extraordinary capacity of the company to innovate does not finish here. Jacuzzi® is the first company to offer on the market a true and proper domestic spa: Sasha, composed of 3 modules (sauna, hammam and emotional shower) is a proper wellness centre in just 8 square metres, which encompasses professional characteristics and an exclusive design, ideal for domestic and professional environments. Once again Jacuzzi® has succeeded in re-defining the standards for wellbeing.

JACUZZI®: HISTORY

PROFILE 16

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION to HYDROTHERAPY

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO HYDROTHERAPY

2. - HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO HYDROTHERAPY The Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO), defines health as “a state of total wellbeing, encompassing physical, mental and social aspects, and not simply the absence of illness or infirmity”. The inclusion of the concept of wellbeing in the definition of health reflects the increasing interest in the evolution of public health beyond treatment, in the narrowest sense, towards all the possible options that could lead to personal wellbeing. Daily stress, deriving from a frenetic life, unavoidably leads individuals to search for inner peace. It can be affirmed that whoever wants to improve the quality of their life, must be at peace with themself and with the world around them, Numerous studies have demonstrated that physical activity helps to improve one’s mental state, reducing stress. When one’s muscles are under tension, the body produces substances which trigger wellness processes, both from a physical and mental point of view. Furthermore, taking time to look after ourselves with a hot bath further improves our mental-physical state. In reality, having a bath in hot water is one of the oldest habits adopted by Man to relax and regain mental and physical wellbeing. However, in order to prove “useful”, the immersion must follow a few general principles, even if there are a few possible variations in the modalities of application (duration, temperature, etc.) the type of water utilized (spring or not) and the way in which it is administered. A true technique exists, called balneotherapy, offering considerable possibilities including hydromassage, i.e. massage effected by jets of water emitted at certain pressures. From the times of the Greek Hippocrates (the father of medicine), the Romans, the Middle Ages and up to today, water has always been used in its most simple form (“Aqua, omnium rerum vilissima”, wrote Livio, referring to ancient Rome: water, the most humble element that exists, has arrived in this town): whether for mineral water use (like a drink) or in the bath it has been prescribed for relief or for the cure of the most varied illnesses, especially chronic ones, such as diseases of the skin and soft tissues, difficulty in digestion or assimilation, gout, rheumatism, dyspepsia, liver disorders. In nearly all these countries the use of baths dates back to time immemorial. In ancient times amongst the Egyptians, Jews, Greeks and Romans the use of water in the more important religious cerimonies had a fundamental role in cleaning the body, and in symbolic manner the soul . In any climate and latitude there are reports of the acts of men who have placed their faith in the curative powers of natural waters so as to rid themselves of their physical and spiritual disturbances, thereby purifying the body and the soul. Baptism itself, an act of purification from the Jewish-Christian tradition, is performed with water.

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO HYDROTHERAPY

Russian steam baths (Banja) were widespread during the Middle Ages in Europe; the steam chamber was heated using saturated water vapour. Roman baths based on the use of hot, dry air were also the vogue. Due to their specific features these two different types of baths existed together while remaining distinct. Structures similar to saunas, to which beneficial effects were attributed, started slowly to appear all over the world. For instance, it was common opinion amongst Norwegian doctors that the sauna could prevent the development of various infectious diseases. S.F. Milligan (1889) described the spread throughout Ireland of the use of Irish baths to treat rheumatisms. The spread of Irish baths in Central Europe was due to the work of an Irish doctor called Barter. This type of bath included the use of water vapour at a low saturation that did not form a mist, at a temperature of 50-55°C in the steam chamber. Cooling was obtained by means of showers or immersion. This type of bath has practically disappeared. In 1799 the Englishman W. Toog, a member of the Academy of Imperial Sciences of St. Petersburg maintained that the Russian bath was capable of preventing the development of numerous pathologies. He also believed that the small amount of diseases, the good psychological and physical health and the long average lifespan of the Russian people could be attributed to the effects of the Russian bath. Some African tribes commonly used sweat baths to treat ailments. It was common for the Japanese to use the Kamaburo, or sweat bath, to obtain good results in the treatment of various types of trauma, skin diseases, digestive problems, arthritis and rheumatism. Similar effects were obtained by means of the Ishiburo that started to be used during the last 10 centuries. The specifications prescribed for this type of bath were found near Nagasaki; they also contain instructions concerning specific side effects: this bath was prohibited to people suffering from venereal diseases, epilepsy and leprosy. Inside the bath the patients were prepared for the treatment by means of acupuncture that was practised very cautiously during the first 3-4 days. Patients were instructed to take a bath once every 10 days. It was prohibited to eat, drink, make a noise, urinate and perform sexual acts in the bath. The bath made it possible to maintain a good standard of personal hygiene, it was useful to prevent diseases and was capable of obtaining a therapeutic effect for seven skin ailments. The Eskimos from Alaska believed that, as well as being useful for hygiene purposes, sweat baths had therapeutic properties for various ailments including muscular illnesses. The Central America Red Indian tribes used the Temazcal, a steam bath handed down from the ancient Maya civilisation, not just for hygiene purposes but also to treat rheumatic and skin diseases as well as other pathologies. The Temazcal bath is still recommended

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO HYDROTHERAPY

by doctors today, together with plant extracts and other ingredients capable of offering beneficial effects during the process of evaporation. Up until a short time ago the term “hydrology” (or Medical hydrology) was widely used to refer to medical or therapeutic practices utilizing water. Only recently more appropriate and specific terms have come into common use like hydrotherapy, balneology, crenotherapy and thalassotherapy (sea bathing), to indicate the use of water, both normal or naturally mineralized, as a remedy for internal and external pathologies. Hydrotherapy, in general, consists in the therapeutic use of water without making any distinction between water to drink or bathe in; one talks about balneotherapy or balneology when the use of same is reserved for water bathing. Thalassotherapy is instead the use of sea water for bathing.

OPALIA 24

HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION TO HYDROTHERAPY

J315 26

THE NEW SHAPE OF WELLBEING

03 3. - THE NEW SHAPE OF WELLBEING Wellbeing results from a lifestyle which includes various elements, of which the following are fundamental: serenity of mind, correct nutrition, adequate physical activity. Water also enters into this picture. Indeed, its primary application (drink and hygiene) is not the only one, but it is also used for spa treatments, hydrotherapy and thalassotherapy. They are suitable remedies for both the body and the mind, given as a present from nature and which have always been used by mankind, in all latitudes and in any culture. One must not forget that spa treatments, hydrotherapy and thalassotherapy are, to all intents and purposes, not only the most ancient traditional western medicines, but are also practices which are still in use today and effective as a cure for the ills of contemporary man. Spa treatments exploit the therapeutic power of mineral waters in places where they naturally gush out from the ground, at different temperatures.The waters can be drunk, or utilized for baths, inhalations, irrigation, or mud baths. In addition, one can also benefit from healing benefits of the natural grottoes. Hydrotherapy, in particular, uses showers (> 7. SHOWERING) and baths (> 4. HYDROMASSAGE), complete or partial, to heat up or cool down the body, as well as sponge baths and body wraps, hot or cold. It can be carried out with spa waters, but not necessarily: indeed, the principle of action is not based so much on the quality of the water, as much as on its temperature. Its objective is to awaken the natural mechanisms of self-healing of the body with the thermal contrast produced by hot and cold water. Sometimes, other substances are employed mixed with water, like clay, flax seeds or hay. Thalassotherapy on the other hand, uses those beneficial elements for human health, which come from a marine climate and environment, i.e. sun or sea bathing, sand therapy, mud baths, seaweed wraps and natural aerosols produced by the movement of the waves and/or air masses full of iodine. These are totally natural remedies offered by spas or thalossotherapy centres. “The cure is in water”, affirmed the abbot Sebastian Kneipp in the second half of the nineteenth century, laying the foundations of modern hydrotherapy: a method of curing based on the various applications of water. Partial and total showers, hot, cold or steam baths, sponging, barefoot walks (in special tubs or also in seawater or streams). These are the main applications of hydrotherapy, known way back from ancient times. Thermal stimulus (> 4.4) is the main principle of hydrotherapy, as we have already mentioned: after a first reaction, however, which occurs at skin level, a second one occurs which reaches the internal body tissues, connected to the surface via the nerve

pathways. Acting on the local concentration of blood, one can bring part of the body to be treated to a state of balance. Kneipp knew how to combine hydrotherapy with the use of medicinal plants, in the form of infusions (therefore utilized internally) as well as adding the same to baths or wraps (external), thereby creating a complete and effective treatment system. It was always a natural practice, acting as a stimulus for healing capacities already existing in every individual, in order to activate them and consequently re-establish the state of health.

J ADVICE: THE ART OF WELLBEING Hydromassage is the art of taking care of yourself: there is no one moment during the day which is better than another, the important thing is to chose the right one, when you are more willing to leave the world behind and remain in silence with yourself.

Run the water, regulate the temperature at around 36°C-37°C and plunge yourselves into a dimension of absolute peace. The feeling is bliss, the fatigue flows away, the body abandons itself to relaxation, the mind empties to leave space for emotions.

THE NEW SHAPE OF WELLBEING

HYDROMASSAGE

is concerned, which must not be casual, but studied specifically together with the internal ergonomy of the shapes, so as to optimize the effects of the hydrotherapeutic action (feet jets, thigh jets, dorsal jets). Fruit of careful research, the design of the tub is also a fundamental element for a good hydromassage. Deeper with respect to traditional bath tubs, with ergonomic bottom and sides in order better to accommodate any body type, Jacuzzi® hydromassage has been designed to permit more correct immersion of the body and better water circulation.

J ADVICE: MOMENTS OF RELAXATION Technically, the ideal duration of a hydromassage varies between 15 to 20 minutes, little in the light of daily life, infinite if maternally lulled by the water...The first effects are however felt after the first 5 - 10 min-

CITY SPATM

4.1 - WHAT IS HYDROMASSAGE Hydromassage is defined as an “external crenotherapeutic” therapy (i.e. amongst those cures which put the body into contact with the substance utilized for the therapy, in this case water). It is carried out with special jets of water (> 4.2; 7.3) issued at defined pressures. The jets are orientated in a centripetal direction, i.e. from the sole of the foot to the chest, to promote the circulation of the return blood. The therapy lasts around fifteen minutes, after which the patient is left to rest for another fifteen minutes. In therapeutic terms, this centrality of jets of water explains why their orientation is one of the basics of hydromassage according to Jacuzzi®. Hydromassage tubs, together with hot tubs, are indeed designed with particular attention as far as jet positioning

utes: you will feel revitalized, less stressed, the muscles will be more toned, you will feel a general sense of wellbeing. Every hydromassage session can be personalized on the basis of need and preferences.

4.2 - THE JACUZZI® JETS The Jacuzzi® jets emit a perfect mixture or air and water that works in synergy with the hydromassage pump. This technology, invented by Jacuzzi®, exploits the Venturi principle: in a fluid current, pressure is inversely proportional to speed. Consequently, by restricting the water duct, the speed of the liquid will increase and the decrease in pressure will allow the water to mix with the air perfectly.The direction of the resulting jets of water as they come into contact with the body is the best possible for massaging the muscles in a deep, yet gentle, way. Lastly, to customise the treatment, the Jacuzzi® jets can be adjusted by 30° in all directions.

HYDROMASSAGE

massage touching the body in the right place, soft, deep, beneficial and, like all natural massages, active from the peripheral parts to the heart. Perpendicular jets could in fact be too forceful on the body; • It must be orientable i.e. assure maximum personalization of the hydromassage.

4.4 - THE TEMPERATURE

SHARP EXTRA

The capacity to relieve pain seems to be a specific property of heat. This is probably induced by the production of hyperemia, thereby allowing for an improvement of vascular stasis(reduction of blood flow speed). A few authors have even suggested that it can inhibit the sensory nerve pathway, acting through the thermal nervous terminations of the skin. Furthermore, hot water can increase blood flow and facilitate muscular relaxation. Water temperature above the body temperature (37°C) is considered hot; over 40°C it is considered very hot, whilst over 46°C it cannot be supported for more than a few seconds. A hot bath with hydromassage is euphoriant at the first moment then can become particularly “stressing” for the body. As baths with hydromassage are mainly used as an instrument to eliminate stress, it is essential to control the water temperature with respect to the duration of the bath.

J ADVICE: BENEFICIAL HEAT 4.3 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ACTIONS OF BATHING THERAPY. THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES AND THE WELLBEING OF THE PERSON The bath with hydromassage can be total or partial. In the specialized therapeutic centres naturally mineralized waters are used (thermal) or those which are artificially medicated (with the addition of salts and oils) at variable temperatures and pressures. In Jacuzzi® whirlpool baths or hot tubs, the natural water supply is used. The water pressure tends to empty the veins and increase the peripheral circulation. For that reason the correct design of the jets is essential. In order to guarantee the maximum benefit, the jet must have two important characteristics: • It must be inclined at 30° at the level of the hips and thighs in order to allow for a correct

A general rule regarding water tempera- In order to accustom the body it is in any ture: the higher it is, the shorter must be the case good practice to start with a bath no session, as suggested in the following table: longer than 10’ until reaching the optimal duration, which is personalized on the basis TEMPERATURE DURATION of the needs of each individual. Before hydromassage, at least once a 34°C - 36°C 20’ month, it is advisable to carry out a body 36°C - 38°C 15’ scrub to clean the skin, freeing it from all 38°C - 40°C 10’ the dead cells.

HYDROMASSAGE

DELOS 40

HYDROMASSAGE

4.5 - THE REACTIONS OF THE BODY There is always a result to each treatment. In this case, to be precise, we are speaking of “reactions” of the body, or a part of it, to the various therapies carried out with hydromassage. The reactions to bathing in water - and in particular to hydromassage - are classified as primary and secondary. The primary action is strictly tied to the characteristics of the treatment (hot or cold water; hydromassage) and the nature of the water itself (spa water with particular dissolved ions). However, the secondary reaction is strictly tied to the condition of whoever is undergoing a treatment for particular pathologies, mainly inflammatory.

4.6 - THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES Hydromassage produces significant effects in treating pathologies linked to problems of blood circulation in the legs (varices, saphenectomy outcomes, post-phlebitic syndromes); but also in the case of osteoarthritis, chronic extra-articular inflammatory rheumatism, outcomes of trauma or surgery, oedemas. Balneotherapy, in particular through hydromassage, is useful in the cure of venous diseases. Baths with hydromassage are also a valued remedy for chronic rheumatism and fibromyalgia in general. It is also indicated for chronic bronchitis, nephritis, menstrual pains, gastric and intestinal disorders and as a palliative measure for gallstones and kidney stones. The therapeutic properties of hot water in a hot tub are valid for any type of body frame, size and level of stress. Hot tubs can accommodate more people and therefore answer different needs. Some people need a vigorous jet in order to loosen the knots in the muscle mass. Others simply need to be lulled by hot and soothing water, thereby refreshing their ideas and relaxing the body. Therefore a hot tub hydromassage must offer jets of the right size for each muscular group and of the most suitable intensity. All the Jacuzzi PowerPro® jets installed on Jacuzzi® hot tubs (for domestic use, both indoor and outdoor) have been designed to direct the water flow with great precision. The water flow pressure can be transferred from one seat to another and the hydromassage jets can be turned on or off independently in every seat. The jets of Jacuzzi® hot tubs have been designed with an external/internal movement. On the other hand, the rotating water jet, reproduces the circular movement or the action of rubbing the hand over certain points of the back (> J ADVICE: THE SEVEN GOLDEN RULES FOR A GOOD HYDROMASSAGE).

HYDROMASSAGE

04 4.7 - OTHER THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS

4.8 - THERAPEUTIC EXERCISES

The stimulation of the skin with hot baths and hydromassage produces hyperthermia and and vasodilation. This is associated with an increase in the lymphatic circulation with the activation of particular cells and antibodies which sweep away exudates from the articulations of fibrous tissue, performing as antigens or stimulators of enzyme activity. Substantially, as generally in the hydromassage tubs, skin absorption of mineral salts is negligible, the therapeutic effects of the bath and immersion-type hydromassage are entirely linked to the mechanical and thermal action of the water on the skin. According to the temperature used, the effects may be summarized as follows: • Skin: moderate increase of skin temperature with vasodilation and increase in activities of sweat and sebaceous glands. • Circulation: a moderate increase of water temperature relaxes the entire superficial vascular system. • Breathing: in general the increase in temperature facilitates breathing. • Muscles: a hot bath with hydromassage at 37°C decreases muscular excitability and their working capacity. Very short applications of hot baths have a revitalizing effect after an intense muscular stress. • Nervous system: baths at a temperature of 37°C have an exhilarating effect at first and subsequently a depressive effect. • Blood: reduces the number of red globules, maybe due to their detention in the internal organs and a proportional reduction of haemoglobin is recorded.

When the bath is of the “deep” immersion type, the water, owing to its physical characteristics, supports the limbs and permits movements which could otherwise not be carried out. This result is particularly valuable in arthro-muscle stiffening and in a few forms of arthritis. Exercises in the hydromassage tub with hot water carry out an important role in balneotherapy. Indeed it proves to be an important treatment for many patients with neurological or skeletal muscle pain. The heat, together with the hydrostatic pressure of the water, can block nociceptive pain, by acting on thermal and mechanoreceptors, thereby influencing the mechanisms of spinal signalling. Hydrostatic pressure can relieve pain, reducing peripheral oedema, dampening the activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Bathing in water, without exercise, has often been used in alternative medicine as a cure for chronic disease. As already said, it is a very common form for the treatment of all types of arthritis in many European countries, as also in Israel and Japan.

J ADVICE: AROMATHERAPY AND HYDROMASSAGE, A WINNING COMBINATION The use of aromatherapy (> 6.5) together with hydromassage is particularly advantageous. The sparkling sensation created by the contact between skin and air bubbles is undoubtedly very pleasant and can be rendered even more so if we use beneficial fragrances of the J4U line, specifi-

cally studied to be dissolved in the water of our Hot Tub. A bath with such essences should last at least 20-25 minutes and, owing to the characteristics of the oils themselves, it is recommended not to exceed more than two sessions a week.

HYDROMASSAGE

04 4.9 - HYDROMASSAGE AS A COMPLEMENT TO SPORT

Over the last few years, many high-level sports clubs have suggested to their athletes reducing fatigue with either a hydrotherapy or sauna session (> 5.5). Indeed, these practices seem effective at the end of a heavy training session and at the end of matches, in order to accelerate the recovery of a full muscular activity. The reason lies in the fact that water possesses physical properties, making it a valuable tool for applying thermal stimuli to the body. Besides, with appropriate water jets in a tub which has been suitably modelled to meet the morphology of the human being, it is possible to exert a series of calibrated pressures on the skin so as to promote the movement of cutaneous and subcutaneous liquids from the peripheral area to the centre of the body. In this way, it seems that the accumulation of liquids which occurs under the skin and especially in muscle at the end of heavy exercise can be disposed of more quickly, thereby helping the athlete to recover. This possibility is a hypothesis, not yet proven using experiments, but it would also apply to lactic acid which accumulates in the muscle immediately after intense exercise. For the same reasons, also not yet demonstrated on a scientific basis, but with subjective benefits, alternated hot and cold baths are also used, with the logic that alternating cutaneous and muscular vasodilation (hot baths) with vasoconstriction (cold baths) leads to a removal of blood from skin and muscle (the outer layer) towards the deeper parts of the body (central nucleus) with a supposed quicker removal of metabolic products from the muscle towards other tissues responsible for the disposal of same (other muscles, liver, etc.). At the end of a busy day, immersion into hot water for a few minutes, gives a great mental-physical benefit to everyone, independently from practising sport or training, owing to the well-known and particular relaxing effects of hot water (around 34-37°C), encouraging, amongst other things, sleep in children and infants.

PROFILE 46

HYDROMASSAGE

04 4.10 - CONTRAINDICATIONS J ADVICE: WATER GAMES The hydromassage tub or hot tub can become the ideal space to carry out a few simple exercises, representing a beneficial experience and at the same time being amusing, an additional way to love and respect one’s own body. Try and follow our suggestions: the water will make any movement simpler. Legs: Immerse yourself completely in the bath, leaning against the back rest, lift a leg, bend it and bring the knee slowly towards your body, stretch the leg and repeat the exercise three times, first with one leg and then with the other. You can carry this out up to five consecutive times. Abdominals: Immerse yourself completely in the bath, leaning against the back rest, breathe in deeply, and while you breathe out, softly contract the abdominal muscles. Do this exercise calmly, trying to do a series of five exercises. You can gradually increase up to ten consecutive exercises. Shoulders and neck: Immerse yourself

completely in the bath, leaning against the back rest. Assure that your shoulders are immersed. With a circular movement, slowly rotate the shoulders frontwards and backwards five times. After a brief pause, complete three complete exercises. You can gradually increase up to ten consecutive exercises. In the same position and maintaining the shoulders immersed, delicately and slowly move your head from one side to the other, working on your neck muscles. Relaxation: After having completed the exercises, put yourself in a sitting position, close your eyes and slowly do a few complete breathing cycles (inhalation and exhalation). After a hydromassage session, wrap yourself in a dry bathrobe or towel, and lie down and relax for a few minutes: in this way you will encourage sweating and at the same time you will allow your blood pressure to return to normal level.

As for all the other types of external cures, hydromassage is contraindicated in the case of malignant tumours, during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but also in the case of other pathologies in their acute stage. It is not recommended in the presence of tuberculosis during the exudative stage, acute respiratory failure and severe chronic respiratory failure. As far as dermatological illnesses are concerned, it is better not to practise in the presence of blisters and pustular lesions. Finally, from a cardiocirculatory point of view, it is not possible in the case of thrombophlebitis, severe hypertension or ischemic heart disease. Besides it is also necessary to keep in mind that collateral reactions may arise like, for example thermal stress induced by the high bath temperature, together with variations in the cardiocirculatory and respiratory systems. In any case, in the presence of pathologies or deficiencies it is always good practice to consult your doctor.

J ADVICE: THE SEVEN GOLDEN RULES FOR A GOOD HYDROMASSAGE 1. position and type of hydromassge jets 2. regulation of rate of flow 3. directability of jets 4. uniform water/air mix 5. internal ergonomy of tub 6. ideal temperature 7. ...the experience of Jacuzzi®

SASHA 2.0

SAUNA

5.1 - BRIEF HISTORY AND ITS SPREAD THROUGH DIFFERENT CULTURES AND CUSTOMS The use of Sauna dates back to time immemorial. Currently the term sauna is used for what has been pratised for centuries by the Finnish and Scandinavian populations. There are numerous documents going back to about one thousand years ago, as well as remains discovered more than approximately two thousand years ago. Currently in these regions of North-East Europe the sauna is a standard health practice. In ancient times, the sauna consisted of a hut covered with earth at the end of a short slope containing a stove made of a pile of stones, under which a fire was lit. Frequently these rudimentary houses were inhabited during the long cold winters by the native populations. Snow was placed on top of the stones heated by the fire, which, evaporating, generated the famous steam effect.

5.2 - GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS OF THE MICROCLIMATE In medical environments the term “sauna”, generally refers to the Finnish sauna: a room covered in wood, with wooden benches and a radiating heater which maintains the ambient temperature between 70 and 100°C (the average temperature is generally 80-90°C). The steam is produced by pouring water onto the heated stones. Generally, steam is produced to to create humidity equivalent to 50-60 g H2O steam/M3. The duration of a standard Finnish sauna treatment is 5-20 minutes, followed by a cold bath (or shower) and a recovery period at room temperature before returning into the sauna itself. In a single session, this scheme is repeated two or three times. A variant could be the dry-heat sauna: the procedure is essentially the same as for the Finnish steam sauna, despite the fact that the steam is not present. Saunas with infrared rays utilize a different heating system to obtain the same temperatures as those saunas with radiant heat.

SASHA 52

SAUNA

05 5.3 - PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF THE SAUNA Saunas produce so-called thermal stress.The cardiovascular system responds to thermal stress by increasing the heart rate, which, when resting, may double, with an increase even up to 70% of cardiac output. In addition, there is an approximate 40% reduction of resistance, which permits an increase of peripheral circulation. An increase in the peripheral blood flow leads then to a greater general blood flow, which permits a further heat exchange through the skin (diaphoresis) and consequently a reduction in the blood flow at muscle, kidney and viscera levels. With the reduction of peripheral resistance, the diostolic blood pressure decreases, whilst the systolic blood pressure remains the same for the entire period of the sauna session. The metabolic consumption of oxygen increases, with an effect equivalent to that of a moderate physical execise. To help compensate thermal stress, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, together with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system. The increase of beta-endorphins (natural opiates from the brain), is the supposed cause of the analgesic effect (painkilling ) of the sauna and partially also of the pleasure for whoever practises this particular treatment. Muscular relaxation also occurs together with an increase of the elastic properties of the connective, ligament and joint tissues, leading to a reduction in pain.

SASHA

5.4 - USE OF SAUNA AS PHYSICAL AND PREVENTATIVE THERAPY A few studies have documented the effectiveness of sauna therapy with people suffering from high blood pressure and congestive heart failure and in post myocardial infarction treatment. Also people with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (BPCO), chronic pain, may also draw benefits. The existing evidence supports the use of saunas as a detoxifying therapy and there are numerous protocols for diseases provoked by environmental causes. In general, sauna therapy seems to be safe and offers many benefits also for normally healthy people.

5.5 - SUPPORT FOR SPORT As with hydromassage (> 4.9), so also the sauna has been recently proposed by sports associations to their athletes, as an effective solution for muscular fatigue. Indeed, the environment full of water vapour permits the application of suitable thermal stimuli on the body, generating a significant cleansing effect on the metabolic products of the muscle. What’s more, application during the tiring phase exploits the sauna’s capacity as a technique for muscular relaxation and for increasing the elastic properties of tissue, ligaments and joint tissue.

SAUNA

05 5.6 - PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SAUNA EFFECT

PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIATION

Skin temperature

Up to 40°C in a few minutes

Rectal temperature

About 0.2°C to 72°C after 15 minutes About 0.4°C to 92°C after 20 minutes About 1.0°C to 80°C after 30 minutes

Sweating

On an average between 0,3 and 0,5 litri

Cutaneous blood flow

Increased by 0.5 to 5 litres/minute

Renal and abdominal organ blood flow

Reduced by 0.2 to 0.4 litres/minute and 0.6 litrs/min respectively

Blood flow to muscles

Substantially unchanged

Heartbeats

From a normal rest value (60-75 beats/min) up to 100 b/min in individuals well acclimatized to saunas; up to 150 b/min in others, according to the time remaining in sauna and the temperature (proportional effect).

Cardiac output (quantity of blood ejected from the heart per minute)

From a normal rest value of 5-6 litres/minute to 9-10 litre/min

Sistolic blood pressure (max)

Unchanged, or increased, or decreased up to 25 mmHg (variable response from individual to individual). Possible strong pressure drop after sauna in individuals with instablity in pressure control (fainting).

Diastolic blood pressure (min.)

Unchanged, or increased, or decreased up to 35 mmHg (variable response from individual to individual).

5.7 - CONTRAINDICATIONS Due to the high temperature, the sauna is contraindicated in the presence of varicose veins, capillary fragility, venous thrombosis, and is not recommended in the case of rosacea.

SAUNA

05 5.8 - THE PRESENT: AVANT-GARDE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY FOR JACUZZI® SASHA SASHA, the new Jacuzzi® creation is a true wellbeing centre for the body and the mind, ideal for both domestic and professional uses. Uniqueness and exclusivity, modular design and space are its characteristics. SASHA is in fact a unique product composed of three modules: a sauna, an emotional shower (> 7.5), a hammam (> 6.7), making it a real wellbeing space in little more than eight square metres. In other words, SASHA is a small wellbeing centre to be installed at home, an object capable of providing the essence of professional wellbeing treatments and also transferring them into a private and intimate context. Contemporary clean-lines, minimal aesthetics enhance the elegance of Sasha which is realized with pure materials, such as wood, chrome, glass and high quality finishings, capable of being integrated with any style of decor. The SASHA modules have been created to stand alone or in combinations, thereby obtaining different configurations adaptable to any space. Each module is equipped with a user-friendly touchscreen control system, enabling you to choose between three programs which have been developed together with the consultancy of expert doctors to obtain the maximum therapeutic benefit. The sauna provides the following programs: Biosauna (60°C), Sauna Romana (70°C75°C) and Sauna Finlandese (90°C);

SASHA - SAUNA programs

(Optimal environmental conditions with temperature 21°C and humidity 40-60%)

Biosauna Temperature at about 60°C and humidity 30-35% Sauna Romana Temperature at about 70°C-75°C and humidity 20-25% Sauna Finlandese Temperature up to 90°C and humidity below 12%

A predetermined colour sequence is assigned to each of the settings but can be blocked by the user through the “Colour block”. A sound system (MP3/MP4) is available as an option for the sauna and hammam modules. Finally, illumination is supplied by rgb leds inside the bench and on a part of the woodwork for saunas and hammams.

J ADVICE: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AN EFFECTIVE SAUNA It is inappropriate to give general directions, valid for the entire population. Nevertheless, a few indications are given purely for safety purposes, for individuals making sporadic use of saunas and Turkish baths: • categorically avoid alcohol before having a sauna • categorically avoid taking any medicine which interacts with sweating (consult doctor) • do not remain in the sauna for more than 20 minutes • cool off the body in a cool environment, not in cold water (unlike the practice of Northern populations) • drink 2-4 glasses of cold water after the sauna • do not enter the sauna if not in perfect physical condition

• do not have a sauna if you have fever, even if it is low • exit the sauna immediately if you experience symptoms of dizziness, vertigo, palpitations, fainting • it is essential to consult a doctor if individuals have sudden changes of pressure, abnormal heart rhythm, unstable angina pectoris, heart failure, however slight, damage to heart valves. Individuals who have been having saunas and Turkish baths for years can continue doing so, even in the presence of abovementioned cardiovascular anomalies, provided that their doctor is informed and has given his consent.

SAUNA

SASHA MI CITY SPATM 60

FRAME

TURKISH BATH

Roman Empire (the Augustan period) the emperors spared neither expense nor effort in constructing the baths, which had to accomodate thousands of bathers at a time, calling architects and engineers from every part of the world to contribute to their perfection, from both a hydraulic and aesthetic point of view. They were used by different social classes: from erudite and noble people to those belonging to the middle and lower classes. Indeed the “Thermae”, or hot air baths, became from time to time but especially on holidays, a theatre, high school, gym, newspaper library or simple meeting places.

6.2 - GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIFICATIONS OF THE MICROCLIMATE The Turkish bath consists of a dry steam bath, differing from the sauna as it requires an environment full of hot air at 40-50°C with a humidity at 100%. The steam can also be combined with chromotherapy (> 7.6; > J ADVICE: COLOURS WHICH CARESS THE BODY) or music and enriched with aromatic substances like essential oils, according to the principles of aromatherapy (> 4.7; > J ADVICE: AROMATHERAPY AND HYDROMASSAGE).

6.3 - PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF TURKISH BATH

6.1 - BRIEF HISTORY AND ITS SPREAD THROUGH DIFFERENT CULTURES AND CUSTOMS The turkish bath, today also referred to as “Hammam” (from the Arabic: to heat), exists from ancient times, even if its origin is a mystery. From the most remote times amongst the writings of Persians, Egyptians and later the Greeks and Romans, evidence can be found of the use of the hot bath. When the Roman legions invaded northern Europe, they brought with them the perfect structures for baths and the ruins of large buildings constructed by them still exist in various parts of England, France and Germany.These baths were necessary for their army, instead of hospitals, and there is no doubt that a large part of their physical superiority was due to the frequent use of the bath. During the peak of expansion of the

The concurrent actions of steam and controlled heat improve the blood and lymphatic circulation, favouring the expulsion of toxins through sweating. The basic characteristic of the Turkish bath is the relaxation of the body tissues, which accelerates the blood circulation, thereby improving the oxygenation. This inevitably leads to a revitalization of each body extremity. Every sense is revitalized, the secretion of the mucous membranes increases and, in short, every bodily function, including the respiratory system, liver, kidneys and intestine, is brought to its maximum performance. The skin is the most active organ for breathing: during the Turkish bath, it therefore assumes a natural rose colour, indicating improved general conditions. Indeed, this type of bath opens all the skin pores, thereby permitting a perfect purification of the body.

TURKISH BATH

6.4 - PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTIONS ON THE VARIOUS ORGANS AND SYSTEMS OF THE ORGANISM Numerous authors have studied the effects of a Turkish bath on the individual systems. In particular it has been discovered that: • owing to a better circulation induced by the heat, the elimination of harmful substances for the body is increased • the increase in body temperature has positive effects on the central and peripheral nerv ous systems, guaranteeing muscular and general relaxation • an influence on heart and breathing frequencies is recorded • a variation in the urine composition can be found • the composition of the perspiration varies • blood pressure variations are recorded. It is the combination of high temperature and high humidity rate, which reaches 90100% that produces the beneficial effect. The temperatures vary from the top to the floor: at head level it touches 40-50°C, subsequently reducing, at foot level, to 20°C. We are not faced, therefore, with what could be called a simple aesthetic treatment, but a real curative therapy that can be used not only to improve aesthetics, but also and especially to help a few very common pathologies. The Romans had perfected this type of therapy, with numerous stages: starting with the tepidarium which was the room with tepid air with a temperature between 30°C and 35°C; subsequently one passed on to the calidarium, the room with very hot air with a temperature between 40°C and 50°C; then one reached the laconicum, where the circulating air was dry and at a very high temperature between 55°C and 75°C; finally, one reached the frigidarium, the cold room.

6.5 - AROMATHERAPY ENHANCES THE BENEFITS OF THE TURKISH BATH Aromatherapy (> J ADVICE: AROMATHERAPY AND HYDROMASSAGE) originates from the scientific study of herbs and centuries-old techniques of treating the body with aromatic oils, fragrances whose scent has a positive influence on the body and on the mind. The first to extol the benefits was Teofrasio, student of Plato and Pliny the Elder in the treaty “Naturalis Historiae”. Official science, however, begins to speak about aromatherapy only at the beginning of the last century. The term was coined in 1928 by Renè Maurice Gattefosser, a research chemist of the perfume industry.

TURKISH BATH

06 It is difficult to distinguish between the physical and psychological effects of essential oils because the beneficial effect is all-encompassing. Their action is never limited to a single organ, but tends to expand to the entire psychosomatic system. Each aromatherapeutic treatment gives an energy supply to the organism. This is due to reactive molecules, that can act not only on pathogenic microorganisms and cellular functions, but represent an information vehicle and often act at the level of hormone receptors and neurotransmitters. They act through the sense of smell, significantly influencing positively the psycho-emotional sphere: the perfume of the essential oils creates a sensation of wellbeing, improving the quality of life and harmonizing our emotional states. Pharmacological research shows the anti-bacterial and therapeutic effectiveness of many of these compounds, whilst in the areas of wellbeing and beauty they turn up increasingly in the formulations of natural cosmetics and treatments, which are becoming more and more effective for hygiene and body care: aromatic massages, baths, saunas, perfumes, aromatic cosmetics, are only a few of the possibilities . Amongst the various properties of essential oils, there are those which are relaxing or toning for the nervous system, others which are antispasmodic, anti-phlegm, digestive, analgesic and antirheumatic, toning for the venous system, eudermic and anti-ageing, stimulator of sexual desire. In addition, essential oils also represent a natural and handy help for self-treatment of minor disorders. Substantially, aromatherapy may be used in the treatment of psychosomatic and aesthetic problems, to strengthen mental and emotional resources, to stimulate creativity, for application in the field of holistic cures and pyscho-corporeal therapies.

J ADVICE: RE-ESTABLISH HARMONY WITH ONE’S OWN NATURE There are numerous essences which, through pleasant sensorial emotions, help us to find a better balance between ourselves and the surrounding world. A small but great help which is given to us by nature... lavender promotes relaxation, cheerfulness and good sleep, whilst rosemary, lemon and mint, are ideal for morning awakening, sharpening the attention and presence of mind. But the

possibilities are infinite: it is sufficient to find those which are more in line with our way of being and with the moment in which we are living: marjoram and cypress accompany night’s sleep, the rose brings calm and balance, the tuberose Mexican agave accentuates sensuality, citronella clears the mind and encourages concentration, incense has a slightly calming effect...

ESSENCE

EFFECT

Lavender

Stimulates relaxation, cheerfulness, good sleep

Rosemary

Sharpens attention

Mint

Awakens and invigorates

Rose

Brings calm and balance

Tuberose

Accentuates sensuality

Citronella

Encourages concentration

Incense

Gently calming

6.6 - CONTRAINDICATIONS It is obvious that the sudden change from hot to cold may prove harmful in some people. Therefore the same rules are valid as described previously for hydromassage and chrenotherapy in general. Normally, this treatment is not recommended for those who suffer from cardiovascular disorders or are subject to blood pressure control, those suffering from asthma or kidney diseases (glomerulonephritis, chronic kidney failure).

TURKISH BATH

FRAME 70

TURKISH BATH

06 6.7 - PROFESSIONAL TURKISH BATH AT HOME Today the SASHA Jacuzzi® Hammam module represents the last frontier with regard to Turkish baths. Alone, or combined with the other system modules (> 5.8; 7.5), Hammam offers three programs: Tepidarium (35°C-40°C), Calidarium (45°C-48°C) and Hammam (40°C-45°C). To each of these settings, a preset colour sequence has been assigned, but which can be blocked by the user through the “colour block” function. Illumination is obtained through rgb leds placed inside the bench and on part of the woodwork and it may all be enriched with an optional sound system (MP3/MP4). As well as in the Sasha Model, Jacuzzi® offers the turkish bath function on the shower boxes belonging to the ranges Frame, equipped with touch screen, Flexa, Play (Korresia in the UK), Omega, and Mynima (Essteam in the UK).

J ADVICE: THE OPTIMAL TURKISH BATH The best time to have a Turkish bath is in the evening before dinner or at any rate on an empty stomach after a warm shower, even if there are no time contraindications for this treatment. It is possible to repeat two or three times a week. As previously described, the main organ involved is the skin, with dilatation of the pores and sweating. This condition leads to a deep skincleaning, removing all those accumulated substances which are considered toxic (water retention from sodium, alcohol, nicotine, metals). This also leads to all those mediators which strengthen the immunity system, ensuring prevention against illnesses or the reduction in terms of duration

and frequency of exacerbation of chronic diseases (rheumatic pains, inflammation in general and in particular, that of the respiratory system). It is an excellent remedy for acne and dermatitis. The alternation between hot and cold, thanks to a widespread vasodilatation, improves blood circulation thereby facilitating the so-called vascular work out and increasing the pain threshold, thanks to the blood and lymphatic vasodilatation. In addition, the Turkish bath improves the metabolism, increasing its speed and making it easier to lose weight. As far as the central and peripheral nervous systems are concerned, it relaxes muscles and the body in general.

SASHA 72

OMEGA

SHOWERing

SHOWERING

07 7.1 - INTRODUCTION AND BRIEF HISTORY

The shower is an external chrenotherapeutic technique, relatively unknown, despite the fact that the physiological advantages and the various types of application have been acknowledged. It may be practised with both water from the mains or with spa water, combining, in the last case the advantages of the technique utilized with the particular qualities of the medium. As for the other types of treatment, they can be carried out at different temperatures (hot or cold), or with alternating temperatures and with different water pressures: they may be total body ensuring a general stimulating action for the organism or local, giving a direct effect on the area treated. Another variant is the duration of the shower, type of jet, water temperature and jet pressure. The main impact is on the cardiovascular and nervous systems. In many countries, showers have become useful in complementary therapies in the treatment of mental and mood disorders (treatment of anxiety and depression ) and for aesthetic medicine, especially with regard to cellulite and other types of imperfection. The jet of water guarantees a nervous stimulation which influences not only the superficial tissues but also the deeper tissues and organs.

7.2 - TYPES OF SHOWERS

MYNIMA 76

We can categorise showers into hot and cold, Scottish and alternating temperature. Depending on the type of jet, a wide range of shower types exists (column-type, rain-type, horizontal jet-type), amongst which a particular mention should be given to the filiform showers, characterized by the ejection of a perpendicular jet of water, with a diameter of approximately half a millimetre. This type of shower, particularly useful for the treatment of skin diseases, is also used for their “abrasive” capacity, particularly useful in the case of acne. Finally, the type of method used, allows us to classify the showers according to the organ to be treated, therefore they can be distinguished into skin, liver and epigastric, perineal, foot showers. Filiform shower - the type of shower most commonly used in Italy is the so-called filiform. It consists in the application of a perpendicular water jet on the skin with a temperature over 35°C, with the thickness of a few millimetres and with a pressure between 3 and 10 atmospheres.

SHOWERING

Scottish shower - the Scottish shower (either jet or alternating) is a type of treatment which, for therapeutic reasons, exploits the rapid variation of water temperature; generally it goes alternately from 26°C up to 40°C. The duration of each application is approximately three minutes, but this may vary according to the physical parameters of the person and the temperature utilized. The degree of hot and cold used depends on the personal level of resistance. In order to obtain the maximum benefit from a Scottish shower, the ideal is to have it first thing in the morning, upon waking up, as it is not recommended during digestion or for people who suffer from heart problems. At the same time, the Scottish shower has a relaxing and calming effect, with a stimulating action on tissues, which stimulates circulation, maintains the skin elastic and helps fight cellulite.

7.3 - JET TYPES AND THEIR USE Jets exist which can be pointed at different regions of the body, for the treatment of specific pathologies: • Beauty or face jet Firms the skin, refreshes and contributes to improve the healthy skin circulation of the face. Recommended in the cases of tired eyes, tendency to congestion, mental strain, headache, acne. • Arm jet Carries out a revitalizing and refreshing action of the circulation and nervous system. It is recommended in the cases of physical and mental tiredness, headaches, dizziness, tenosynovitis, heart failure. • Chest jet The jet on the arms may even be extended to the chest, thereby intensifying the action. Recommended in the case of low blood pressure.The cold jet on the chest firms the connective tissues together with the skin of the cleavage, thanks to its stimulating action on the circulation. • Knee jet The knee jet acts actively on the circulation of the calf and stimulates the organs in the lower abdomen area. It tones and strengthens the veins, facilitates sleep and lowers the blood pressure; it reinforces the pelvic organs and is therefore particularly recommended in the case of varicose veins and veinous insufficiency, insomnia, headache and hypertension.

CALEIDOS

• Jet on thighs The jet on thighs is the continuation and extension of the jet on the knees, reaching the hips and it is recommended in the case of cellulite and haemorrhoids. • Integral alternated jet The entire body is reached by alternating hot and cold water jets. This treatment has a stimulating action and favours the circulation, strengthening the entire organism and stimulating the cardiovascular system, metabolism and breathing. • Hot nape jet Relaxes muscles, stimulates circulation, dilates blood vessels and is particularly indicated in the case of tension, stiff neck, headache and tinnitus (hissing sound in the ear). Afterwards, an early night is recommended.

SHOWERING

07 • Hot lumbar jet Particularly indicated in the case of tension and pain at the level of the lumbar vertebra, lumbago and rheumatism. However it is not recommended in the case of acute inflammation processes.

to the sauna and hammam modules, offers in a single product the emotional shower module equipped with large showerheads and a vigorous cascade. It has three programs, Light Rain (rain-type jet with medium-size water drops with a cone spray), Tropical Rain (strong jet with a pleasant massaging effect) Cold Fog (a very fine, almost velvet nebulized jet, ideal for a cool or cold shower).

7.4 - CONTRAINDICATIONS Those indicated for the hydromassage apply. It is not recommended in the case of acute inflammatory conditions and, in the case of the Scottish shower especially, during digestion and for cardiopathy sufferers. 7.5 - FROM THERAPY TO THE TECHNOLOGY OF WELLBEING An extraordinary technological jewel, the shower cabin offers the opportunity to concentrate into a reduced space all the benefits of a real spa: hydrotherapy treatments and, in the more developed models, cascades, the Scottish shower, aromatherapy (> 4.7; > J ADVICE: AROMATHERAPY AND HYDROMASSAGE), chromotherapy (> 7.6; > J ADVICE: COLOURS WHICH CARESS THE BODY), Turkish bath (> 6. TURKISH BATH). Jacuzzi® technology has developed a series of solutions which celebrate the value of the shower for health and wellbeing. An example of the Scottish shower amongst the Jacuzzi® solutions is that incorporated in the Flexa shower, a real home fitness centre, enriching the dorsal and lumbar hydromassage functions, and those for the lower limbs with the cervical cascade and the function of Turkish bath and aromatherapy (> 4.7; > J ADVICE: AROMATHERAPY AND HYDROMASSAGE). The Frame shower cabin, in addition to the main shower system with a central rain shower head, cascade with mixed water and cold cascade, also offers the first shiatsu hydromassage in the shower. In addition to this type of hydromassage, Frame also offers cervical, lumbar and sequential massage programs, all activated with a convenient touch screen. In the case of “Ωmega” the space for personal wellbeing is drawn around the harmonious ergonomic seat in Teak.The flowing of water together with the wood grain create a unique sensorial and visual emotion, a sign of nature and technology.The cascade, positioned over the ergonomic seat in teak, becomes an element of design and wellbeing at the same time. Avant-garde, exclusivity and professional performance are the values of SASHA (> 5.8; 6.7), a real spa for the total wellbeing of the body and the mind which, in addition

J ADVICE: A JET FOR EVERY NEED Wise use of the shower helps to improve the organism’s state of wellbeing. What to do in the case of specific needs? Here is the handbook. Acne: jet on the face Cellulitis: jet on the thighs Lumbago: hot jet on the lumbar region Haemorrhoids: jet on the thighs Insomnia: jet on the knees

Hypertension: jet on the knees Headache: jet on the face, arms, knees, hot jet on the nape Low pressure: jet on the chest Firm the skin: jet on the face, chest Mental tiredness: jet on the face, arms Stimulate the circulation: alternating/ integral jet, jet on the face, arms, chest, knees Stiff neck: hot jet on the nape Dizziness: jet on the arms

7.6 - FROM CHROMOTHERAPY TO CROMODREAM® Chromotherapy, meaning the use of colours for therapeutic purposes for the sake of good health and wellbeing, may be carried out in different ways, from a luminous irradiation, whereby the colour is transmitted to the body epidermically, to natural chromotherapy, a progressive awareness of colours in the environment and their effect on the organism. In order to offer its clients the beneficial experience of chromotherapy, Jacuzzi® has created the CromoDream® function, available on all shower boxes of the product ranges Flexa and Frame but also Sasha and Sasha-Mi, an application which combines the virtues of water with those of light. CromoDream® exploits the properties of colours thanks to the four programs designed to fully restore both mental and physical wellbeing. A crown of luminous leds posi-

SHOWERING

tioned on the roof of the cabin allows one to enjoy the colour sequences, harmonious and fluid, without any contrasts or chromatic distortions. The four cycles permit the choice of a suitable program, suitable for the needs of the user, according to his mental/physical status of the moment: CromoDream® - this cycle offers the user a complete experience of the entire chromatic range, instilling a cheerful and positive attitude. The colours, sequenced according to their complementarity, change pleasantly, giving a feeling of total satisfaction. SunLight - a colour theme, yellow/orange/white, interspersed with moments of blue and violet, recalls the beneficial effects of sunlight. Yellow, alternated with violet improves the mood and mental/physical balance. Energy - three colours, red/orange/white, plus a complementary one, green, are the basis of this cycle which, as the name says, contributes to giving energy and vitality to the organism. Relax - composed of four colours, blue/orange/light blue/white, the Relax cycle favours rest and relaxation of the person fighting against anxiety and stress.The touch of orange contributes to heating a sequence tending to “cold” colours like blue and light blue.

J ADVICE: COLOURS WHICH CARESS THE BODY An oriental philosophy says that “One is in Everything and Everything is in One”. Therefore, in that everything, which is our organism, every single cosmic element acts, even colour. Sentiments and emotions live in colour and through colours we can act beneficially inside ourselves, enriching the “feeling capacity” of the soul with shades,

bringing new light to our view of life: red is vital energy, orange is enthusiasm and positivity, green is calm and serenity, violet is contemplation, yellow is cheerfulness, blue is relaxation and interior peace... Colours tell us about ourselves, influence our mood and even act at a physical level.

JACUZZI EUROPE S.p.A. Socio Unico Direzione e Coordinamento Jacuzzi Brands, Corp. (USA) S.S. Pontebbana Km 97,200 33098 Valvasone (PN) Italia Tel. +39-0434-859111 Fax +39-0434-85278 www.jacuzzi.eu info@jacuzzi.it JACUZZI BATHROOM ESPAÑA S.L.

JACUZZI UK

Sociedad unipersonal A Company of Jacuzzi Brands, Corp. (USA) Ausias Marc, 157-159 Graner, local A 08013 Barcelona, España Telf. 932385031 Fax 932385032 www.jacuzzi.eu info-es@jacuzzi.it

Woodlands Roydsdale Way Euroway Trading Estate Bradford West Yorkshire BD4 6SE Phone +44 (0)1274 471888 Fax: +44 (0)1274 471856 www.jacuzzi.co.uk retailersales@jacuzziuk.com

JACUZZI WHIRLPOOL GmbH

JACUZZI FRANCE SAS

Humboldtstr. 30/32 D-70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen Deutschland Tel. 0049 (0)711 933247-40 Fax 0049 (0)711 933247-50 www.jacuzzi.eu info-de@jacuzzi.it

8, route de Paris 03305 CUSSET FRANCE Tél: +33 (0)4 70 30 90 50 Fax +33-(0)4 70 97 41 90 www.jacuzzifrance.com info@jacuzzifrance.com

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