A Summer Training Project Report ON IT APPLCIATIONS IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR IN THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
I XYZ a student of MBA 2nd Year of XYZ University, hereby declare that I have worked on the project title ‘IT Application in Manufacturing Sector.’ During the session 2009-2010 in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of master Degree in Business Administration of Kurukshetra University. I further declare that this is my original work and no such work has been done by anyone or published anywhere has been submitted to any university or institute for the award of any degree.
XYZ
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Any research work is never an individual effort. It is contribution of many hearts, hands and heads.
The project work of “IT Application in Manufacturing Sector” has been made possible through the direct and indirect co-operation of various persons whom I express my felt gratitude. I am sincerely thankful to Mr. XYZ (Head of Department) of XYZ University for permitting us to do the project work and submitting the report in department and for being motivating to know the value behind the project. I am greatly indebted and express profound gratitude towards my guide Mr. XYZ, Faculty, MBA Department GNIM who suggested the problem and has been close and valued guide throughout, in rectifying our mistakes and prove to be source of unending inspiration for which we are extremely grateful to his. Also, I would like to thank Mr. XYZ, Country Head and ASEAN, SEIMENS PLM Software’s whose encouragement and cooperation helped me to make my research successfully. Last but not the least I am thankful to my parents, friends and all who have directly or indirectly extended their co-operation and suggestion in completing this project.
XYZ
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Software Development Companies are growing in leaps and bounds these days. As more and more software based projects are being identified and raised, more support has also been sought in the field and the result is the arrival of domestic and multi-national software development companies in the Indian soil. International players have been highly delighted to enter the Indian market as the consumer base is really huge and it's continuously growing. The Indian clients are ready to spend on software development projects if the service providers are well-equipped with the facilities contributing to the proper development for the necessary software programs and applications. They should also be able to offer clients custom software services which have very practical value at the moment. And the good news is that the web development services India agencies excel in it quite convincingly. The last few years have been a memorable period for the Indian software and web development scene, as during this phase a large pool of professional agencies have entered the market and they have come up with solutions those are exactly as per clients' needs. Good amount of works have also been performed in the custom or bespoke software development area. Gone are the days when businesses were performed only as per the conventional norms. Things have changed a lot today. Now, you need to increase your productivity and at the same time promote everything effectively and all this is possible with the selection and use of the right mix of software programs. Software Development is one of the leading names in the software development scene in a global perspective. Not only the Indian developers are experienced enough, they are also very much client-oriented. So, you could always expect something advantageous while working with an India based web design agency. Just make your homework right and find the right agency that's known for quality as well as affordability. If possible, ask for free sample works for your reference.
PREFACE
M.B.A program is one of the most reputed professional courses in the field of Management. There is a study project as an integral part of M.B.A. As a complementary to that every one has to submit a report on the work conducted in the industry. As we know that today’s business dynamics is very fast; environment is changing. To understand the changing market behaviour the organization has to do a systematic study. A project work is a scientific and systematic study intended to catch the nerves of the problem or issue with the application of management concept and skills. This report has been complied preliminary in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of management studies programme. Apart from theoretical concept of the topic, we have included the findings and suggestions. This report is thus prepared for the study project done at SEIMENS PLM SOFTWARES LTD.
INDEX Chapter No. Title of the Chapter 1
Introduction to the Study
2
Literature Review
3
Objectives of the Study
4
Research Methodology • Research Design • Sampling & Sampling Design • Statistical Tools • Data Collection • Hypothesis Testing • Limitations
5
Data Analysis & Interpretation
6
Findings
7
Suggestions
8
Conclusion
9
Bibliography
10
Annexure
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
INTRODUCTION A manufacturing business is devoted to the production of tangible objects that are high in quality and competitive in cost, meet customers' expectations for performance, and are delivered in a timely manner. Finding and achieving the appropriate balance among these attributes—quality, cost, performance, and time to market—challenge all manufacturing businesses. Those companies that are successful in meeting that challenge remain in business; those that are not usually disappear. In a manufacturing environment that is perhaps changing more rapidly now than during the Industrial Revolution, competing successfully, manufacturers increasingly provide customers with shorter times between order and delivery and between product conceptualization and realization, greater product customization, and highest product quality and performance, while meeting more stringent environmental constraints. Accomplishing these goals will require major changes in current manufacturing practices; such changes include the use of new and/or more complex manufacturing processes, greater use of information to reduce waste and defects, and more flexible manufacturing styles. This report outlines the application of information technology (IT) to improving the manner in which discrete manufacturing processes will be carried out in the 21st century. IT includes the hardware that computes and communicates; the software that provides data, knowledge, and information while at the same time controlling the hardware; and the interfaces between computers and the tools and machines on the manufacturing shop floor. products and processes (e.g., converting customer requirements and expectations into engineering specifications, converting specifications into subsystems), production (e.g., moving materials, converting or transforming material properties or shapes, assembling systems or subsystems, verifying process results), and manufacturingrelated business practices (e.g., converting a customer order into a list of required parts, cost accounting, and documenting of all procedures). This report also discusses the need for non-technology research to better understand human resource and other non-technical aspects of manufacturing.
INDUSTRIAL PROFILE The Indian Information Technology Industry accounts for a 5.9% of the country's GDP and export earnings as of 2009, while providing employment to a significant number of its tertiary sector workforce. More than 2.3 million people are employed in the sector either directly or indirectly, making it one of the biggest job creators in India and a mainstay of the national economy. In March 2009, annual revenues from outsourcing operations in India amounted to US$60 billion and this is expected to increase to US$225 billion by 2020. The most prominent IT hub is IT capital Bangalore. The other emerging destinations are Chennai, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Pune, NCR, Jaipur and Kolkata. Technically proficient immigrants from India sought jobs in the western world from the 1950s onwards as India's education system produced more engineers than its industry could absorb. India's growing stature in the information age enabled it to form close ties with both the United States of America and the European Union. India's IT Services industry was born in Mumbai in 1967 with the establishment of Tata Group in partnership with Burroughs.[1] The first software export zone SEEPZ was set up here way back in 1973, the old avatar of the modern day IT park. More than 80 percent of the country's software exports happened out of SEEPZ,Mumbai in 80s.[2] Each year India produces roughly 500,000 engineers in the country, [3][4] out of them only 25% to 30% possessed both technical competency and English language skills, although 12% of India's population can speak in English. [5] India developed a number of outsourcing companies specializing in customer support via Internet or telephone connections. By 2009, India also has a total of 37,160,000 telephone lines in use,[6] a total of 506,040,000 mobile phone connections,[7] a total of 81,000,000 Internet users— comprising 7.0% of the country's population,[8] and 7,570,000 people in the country have access to broadband Internet— making it the 12th largest country in the world in terms of broadband Internet users. Total fixed-line and wireless subscribers reached 543.20 million as of November, 2009
The Indian information technology (IT) industry has played a key role in putting India on the global map. Thanks to the success of the IT industry, India is now a power to reckon with. According to the annual report 2009-10, prepared by the Department of Information Technology (DIT), the IT-BPO industry is expected to garner a revenue aggregate of US$ 73.1 billion in 2009-10 as compared to US$ 69.4 billion in 2008-09, growing at a rate of over 5 per cent. The report predicts that the Indian IT-BPO revenues may reach US$ 225 billion in 2020. According to DIT, the Indian software and services exports is expected to reach US$ 49.7 billion in 2009-10 as compared to US$ 47.1 billion in 2008-09, registering an increase of 5.5 per cent in dollar terms. Further, the IT services exports is estimated to grow from US$ 25.8 billion in 2008-09 to US$ 27.3 billion in 2009-10, showing a growth of 5.8 per cent. Moreover, according to a study by Springboard Research published in February 2010, the Indian information technology (IT) market is expected to grow at around 15.5 per cent in 2010, on the back of growing investor confidence and favourable initiatives taken by the government. According to research firm IDC India, during January-March 2010, total PC sales in India reached 2,240,000 units registering a year-on-year increase of 33 per cent over the same period in 2009. Desktop PC sales witnessed a year-on-year increase of 18 per cent during January-March 2010, over the corresponding period last year to reach 1,436,000 units. The sales of Notebook computers also increased by 72 per cent year-on-year, clocking 803,000 shipments.
Indian Software Industry The India Software Industry has brought about a tremendous success for the emerging economy. The software industry is the main component of the Information technology in India. India's pool of young aged manpower is the key behind this success story. Presently there are more than 500 software firms in the country which shows the monumental advancement that the India Software Industry has experienced. The Indian Software Industry has grown from a mere US $ 150 million in 1991-92 to a staggering US $ 5.7 billion in 1999-2000. No other Indian industry has performed so well against the global competition. According to statistics, India's software exports reached total revenues of Rs. 46100 crores. The total share of India's exports in the global market rose form 4.9 per cent in 1997 to 20.4 percent in 2002-03. It is expected that the India Software Industry will generate a total employment of around four million people, which accounts for 7 per cent of India's total GDP, in the year 2008. Today, the Software Industry in India exports software and services to nearly 95 countries around the world. The share of North America (U.S. & Canada) in India's software exports is about 61 per cent. In 1999-2000, more than one third of Fortune 500 companies outsourced their software requirements to India. The Government has also played a vital role in the development of the India Software Industry. In 1986, the Indian government announced a new software policy which was designed to serve as a catalyst for the software industry. This was followed in 1988 with the World Market Policy and the establishment of the Software Technology Parks of India (STP) scheme. In addition, to attract foreign direct investment, the Indian Government permitted foreign equity of up to 100 percent and duty free import on all inputs and products. The software industry being the main component of the IT Industry in India has also helped the IT sector in India to grow at a good pace. As per the proceedings taking place in the software industry the future of the India Software.
Today, India exports software and services to nearly 95 countries around the world. The share of North America (U.S. & Canada) in India’s software exports is about 61 per cent. In 1999-2000, more than a third of Fortune 500 companies outsourced their software requirements to India. NASSCOM’s survey during 1999-2000 indicates a reversal in the mode of services offered by India. In 1991-92, offshore services accounted 5 per cent and on-site services 95 % of the total exports. However, during 1999-2000 offshore services contributed over 40 percent of the total exports.
Promotion of IT - governmental incentives: With the formation of a new ministry for IT, Government of India (GOI) has taken a major step towards promoting the domestic industry and achieving the full potential of the Indian IT entrepreneurs. Constraints have been comprehensively identified and steps taken to overcome them and also to provide incentives. Thus for example, venture capital has been the main source of finance for software industry around the world. However, majority of the software units in India is in the small and medium enterprise sector and there is a critical shortage of venture capital kind of support. Recently, an IT committee was set up by the Ministry of Information Technology, Government of India, comprising Non Resident Indian (NRI) professionals from the United States to seek expertise and advice and also to step up U.S. investments in India's IT sector. The committee is chaired by Minister of Information Technology, Government of India, and the members include Secretary, Ministry of Information Technology and a large number of important Indian American IT entrepreneurs.
The group will: •
Monitor global IT developments and refine Indian IT policy to meet global requirements. Specifically, this will help angel investors, venture creators and incubation;
•
Promote the growth of human resource development in the IT sector with the aim of creating quality-based education;
•
Promote R&D in the sector by identifying thrust areas and drawing up a blueprint for action.
India's domestic IT Market India's domestic IT Market over the years has become one of the major driving forces of the industry. The domestic IT infrastructure is developing contexts of technology and intensity of penetration. In the FY 2008-09, the domestic IT sector attained revenues worth US$ 24.3 billion as compared to US$ 23.1 billion in FY 2007-08, registering a growth of 5.4%. Moreover, the increasing demand for IT services and goods by India Inc has strengthened the expansion of the domestic market with agreements worth rising up extraordinarily to US$ 100 million. By the FY 2012, the domestic sector is estimated to expand to US$ 1.7 billion against the existing from US$ 1 billion.
Major investments in India's domestic IT Market •
According to Andhra Pradesh Government the state's SEZs and Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) will witness an investment of US$ 3.27 billion in the next few years.
•
VMware Inc, San Francisco-based IT firm is looking forward to invest US$ 100 million by 2010 in India.
•
EMC Corporation's total Indian assets is expected to reach US$ 2 billion by 2014
COMPANY PROFILE About Siemens PLM Software (India) Pvt. Ltd. Siemens PLM Software, a business unit of the Siemens Industry Automation Division, is a leading global provider of product lifecycle management (PLM) software and services with 6.7 million licensed seats and more than 63,000 customers worldwide. Headquartered in Plano, Texas, Siemens PLM Software works collaboratively with companies to deliver open solutions that help them turn more ideas into successful products. We are the only PLM Company that can provide the combined advantages of: •
Open. Our software platform is built on open standards to allow for integration between our software applications, as well as with legacy data and systems.
•
Scalable. Our solutions are scalable in performance from 10 users to 10,000, and in capability from a single application to an integrated suite.
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Flexible. We are able to support the speed and complexity of change in products and processes, and we can deploy either out-of-the-box or to specifications.
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Proven. 6.7 million users with more than 63,000 customers around the world deploy our applications every day.
PLM is an increasingly important and visible enterprise business strategy that enables an enterprise to fully marshal the skills, expertise, knowledge, experience, creativity and ideas of its people and apply them collaboratively at every stage of a product’s lifecycle. As a result, Siemens PLM Software helps companies derive maximum business value from their products, beginning the day they are conceived and continuing all the way until they are retired. Siemens PLM Software customers adopt PLM to accelerate their business growth and innovation in processes and products and we are committed helping customers attain these goals. Our mantra is we never let our customers fail.
Siemens PLM Software solutions arise from a foundation of openness and product applications are built on three pillars of delivery: • Digital product development • Digital manufacturing • Digital lifecycle management In addition, vertical industry applications allow us to deliver solutions based on best processes and practices within specific industries.
Company’ Vision Siemens PLM Software's vision is to enable a world where organizations and their partners collaborate through *Global Innovation Networks to deliver world-class products and services, allowing them to deal swiftly with emerging risks and opportunities.
Company’ Mission Siemens PLM Software works collaboratively with customers to create open enterprise solutions that enable them to transform their process of innovation and maximize value throughout all phases of the product lifecycle.
How Company Help Customers Succeed Siemens PLM Software customers span a vast array of industries and applications and range from small companies to global enterprises. No matter what their size or location, however, their success in today’s global economy depends on their ability to accelerate business growth and innovation – a need Siemens PLM Software is uniquely qualified to address.
Customer Business Driver: Accelerate growth and innovation. When companies can achieve this, they are able to: ·
Increase margins
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Attract new customers and increase current customer satisfaction
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Gain more value from processes and resources
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Reduce operational costs while increasing efficiency
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Adapt to changing environments
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Create a sustainable competitive advantage
Customer Satisfaction: ·
Gain more value from processes and resources
·
Reduce operational costs while increasing efficiency
·
Adapt to changing environments
·
Create a sustainable competitive advantage
Business Requirements: In order to grow, companies must focus on: ·
Accelerated product and process innovation
·
Rapid evaluation of concepts combined with lean, flexible processes to bring them
to market ·
Reduce cost and risk of non-compliance with global market requirements that can
make a strategic contribution to the company's innovation · ·
Greater efficiency in all phases of the product lifecycle Variations in product and process requirements driven by globalization of
suppliers
Keys to Success: To meet today’s demanding market requirements companies must: ·
Connect people, processes and information while integrating with current business systems
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Establish a flexible solution to manage change in a globally distributed and outsourced environment
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Create, capture, secure and manage corporate knowledge for greatest corporate leverage
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Reuse physical and intellectual capital of the organization
PLM Investment Initiatives for Innovation Transformation: In order to most quickly and effectively evolve an organization's innovation ability these investment initiatives provide the best path to success:
New product development - Integrate people and processes to rapidly bring
innovative products to market that meet market requirements
Value chain synchronization - Connect all value chain members in order to
optimize product value
Enterprise data management - Organize, manage and secure critical
product and process information
Communization and reuse - Maximize the reuse of existing parts,
assemblies, equipment and processes
Knowledge/IP management - Manage organizational processes and records
to achieve compliance and mtigate risk
Regulatory compliance - Integrate product design with process design and
production information to maximize production flexibility, performance and quality
System engineering and mechatronics - Design and evaluate complex
products that may include mechanical, electrical and software elements
Siemens PLM Software Solutions: To achieve our mission, Siemens PLM Software provides an integrated, collaborative environment which links together all disciplines and partners across the extended product lifecycle. A foundation of openness underpins all our applications. PLM solutions are built on 3 pillars of delivery: •
Digital product development featuring NX and Solid Edge
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Digital manufacturing featuring Tecnomatix
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Digital lifecycle management featuring Teamcenter
For mid-sized companies whose PLM requirements are emerging and who want to establish a digital environment that can evolve as they grow, we also offer the Velocity Series. In addition, vertical industry applications allow us to deliver solutions based on best processes and practices within specific industries, including automotive, aerospace.
Siemens PLM Software’s Solution Advantage: Siemens PLM Software is the only company with solutions that are:
Proven: Nearly 4 million seats in production globally Rapid: Shortest time to value through out-of-the-box solutions and global delivery excellence
Open: Recognized leader in openness of our technology and business model Scalable: Successful deployments range from tens to tens of thousands of users. Siemens PLM Software's Value and Promise: Siemens PLM Software never lets its customers fail. As the visionary leader in PLM, our value and promise to customers is to provide measurable business growth through greater innovation.
Solutions by Industry Siemens PLM Software’s driving mission is to work collaboratively with companies to deliver open solutions that help them turn more ideas into successful products. These open solutions enable companies to transform their process of innovation and maximize the value derived from their products throughout their entire lifecycle. Siemens PLM Software has a long history of providing product lifecycle management, or PLM, solutions to the world's premier product makers across multiple industries. In fact, over our 40 year history we have never had a customer fail to be successful in implementing our solutions. PLM is when organizations digitally manage a product's complete lifecycle all the way from its concept to its retirement - and gain higher business value from that product as a result. It's a powerful value proposition. And Siemens PLM Software is leading the way, helping companies transform their process of innovation in order to: •
Deliver products to market in half the time
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Reduce manufacturing costs
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Increase the number of successful product introductions
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Continue to increase margins annually
For example, one of the world's most prestigious high tech companies uses Siemens PLM Software software to develop new engines and has slashed its design cycle times by 50 percent, while one of the largest aerospace companies leverages Siemens PLM Software solutions to change the way it sells and manufactures airplanes and now delivers products at one-tenth the cost in half the time. Siemens PLM Software is also delivering breakthrough results in other arenas, including automotive, consumer products, life sciences, and apparel and shipbuilding industries. Siemens PLM Software's deep industry knowledge and experience is helping address your key business issues amongst various industry segments. •
Aerospace and Defense
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Apparel, Footwear and Accessories
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Automotive and Transportation
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Consumer Products
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Energy and Utilities
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Federal Government
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High Tech and Electronics
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Life Sciences
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Machinery and Industrial Products
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Shipbuilding
Siemens PLM product portfolios include: • NX • Teamcenter • Tecnomatix • VelocitySeries • PLM Components
Product Solutions NX - is a next-generation digital product development system that helps companies transforms the product lifecycle. With the industry's broadest suite of integrated, fully associative CAD/CAM/CAE applications, NX touches the full range of development processes in product design, manufacturing and simulation. NX provides a complete suite of integrated process automation tools to enable companies to capture and reuse product and process knowledge encouraging the use of corporate best practice.
Product Capabilities •
Industrial Design & Styling
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Package Design
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Mechanical Design
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Electromechanical Systems Design
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Mechanical Simulation
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Electromechanical Simulation
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Tooling & Fixture Design
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Machining
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Engineering Process Management
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Inspection Programming
Teamcenter - is the world’s most widely used product lifecycle management (PLM) software. Teamcenter powers innovation and improves productivity by connecting people across global product development and manufacturing organizations with the product and process knowledge they need to succeed. With Teamcenter you can: •
Increase productivity
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Speed time-to-market
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Meet business and regulatory requirements
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Optimize operational resources
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Facilitate global collaboration
Product Capabilities •
Bill of Materials Management
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Community Collaboration
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Compliance Management
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Content & Document Management
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Engineering Process Management
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Enterprise Knowledge Foundation
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Formula, Package & Brand Management
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Lifecycle Visualization
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Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul
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Manufacturing Process Management
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Mechatronics Process Management
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Platform Extensibility Services
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Portfolio, Program & Project Mgmt.
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Reporting & Analytics
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Simulation Process Management
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Supplier Relationship Management
What is Teamcenter Express? Small and mid-size manufacturing organizations face increasing demands to deliver new products to market faster and with best-in-class quality. Teamcenter Express software delivers a pre-configured and easy to deploy collaborate product data management (cPDM) solution that enables these demands to be met by providing a single source of engineering data, together with highly efficient engineering task and process management.
Tecnomatix™ - is a comprehensive portfolio of digital manufacturing solutions that deliver innovation by linking all manufacturing disciplines together with product engineering – from process layout and design, process simulation and validation, to manufacturing execution. Built upon the open product lifecycle management (PLM) foundation called Teamcenter™ manufacturing platform, Tecnomatix provides the most versatile set of manufacturing solutions on the market today.
IT (SOFTWARE) APPLICATION IN MANUFACTURING AT SIEMENS PLM SOFTWARE Today India is leading towards financial superpower. This happened only due to the wide increase in the industrial growth of India. Today production sector stands rank has a major share in development of Indian economic. Day by day this sector is increasing with great pace. It is been notice that though there is a tremendous growth in industrial sector. In many firms the process of production and manufacturing is older and ancient in order to cope up with increased composition in global level. India should go for the automation of manufacturing process. This can be achieved with the help of proper used of IT technology and MIS. This makes easier the following things. 1. Transfer of information. 2. Increased speed of manufacturing. 3. Optimum use of resources. 4. Simplification of complex processes. 5. Cost reduction 6. Decrease in scrap and wastage. 7. Quality Control. 8. Inventory management In the following report we are going to study each aspects of the use of IT system in manufacturing sector with the reference of Siemens PLM Software.
CAD/CAM/CIM
SAP Modules Quality Management Production Planning management Warehouse Management HRIS
Manufacturing Environment
Finance, Costing, sales and Marketing, Purchase, Vendors, Sub contracting, Personnel and HR
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Solid Modeling, Parametric modeling Computer Graphics, Graphic Standards, IGES, DXF Analysis tools, FEM, FEA, Testing and field Analysis
Business data Processing system CIM Technologies Computer Networks System Design and Analysis Distributed processing Database management and back up Modeling and simulation systems Expert systems, Quality engineering
Top level Prod planning Production Management MRP, JIT BOM Capacity Planning (CRP) Inventory and its control
Manufacturing Systems Production roll out, Machining and Assembly Material Handling, Loading, Scheduling, Balancing, Capacity planning, Quality control
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
Process Planning, Production planning, CNC part programming Robot Programming CMM Programming
COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN (CAD) Computer-aided design (CAD) involves creating computer models defined by geometrical parameters. These models typically appear on a computer monitor as a three-dimensional representation of a part or a system of parts, which can be readily altered by changing relevant parameters. CAD systems enable designers to view objects under a wide variety of representations and to test these objects by simulating real-world conditions. Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) uses geometrical design data to control automated machinery. CAM systems are associated with computer numerical control (CNC) or direct numerical control (DNC) systems. These systems differ from older forms of numerical control (NC) in that geometrical data is encoded mechanically. Since both CAD and CAM use computer-based methods for encoding geometrical data, it is possible for the processes of design and manufacture to be highly integrated. Computeraided design and manufacturing systems are commonly referred to as CAD/CAM.
Advantages •
CAD is faster and more accurate
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Model development and associated activities like Drafting are easy and accurate
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Manipulation of dimensions, attributes are easy
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Repetition of entities is eliminated
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Model accuracy reduces assembly problems
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Usage of standard components, sub assemblies speed up design
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Enhances 3D visualization greatly
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Design modification is easy and less time consuming CAD is used throughout the engineering process from conceptual design and
layout, through detailed engineering and analysis of components to definition of manufacturing methods. Dominantly, the automotive and aerospace industries form the leading forces for CAD development.
Siemens provides complete range of CAD services specific to industries like Aerospace, Automotive and General Engineering. The team possesses expertise in initial feasibility study, layout preparation, detailed design and manufacturing techniques. The added advantage of familiarity with international designs and practices makes us the right partner when you wish to offload your jobs or need to augment your design teams. We have numerous team members who have worked overseas for automotive and aerospace giants and constitute a veritable knowledge base of international design practices and work culture. The design group primarily works on CATIA, I-DEAS, Pro/Engineer, CADDs5, PDGS, ICEM-SURF and Unigraphics and offers a broad range of specialized services: •
Class A Surfacing
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3D Modeling
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2D Detailing
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Packaging Studies
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BIW/Trim Development
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CFD Model Preparation
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Reverse Engineering
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PDM Drawings
In Siemens PLM Software Product Development Measurement (PDM) technique is used to draw the design the machines and that entries are taken into SAP module.
COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING (CAM) Application of computers to help design, develop, manage, control, manufacturing systems is called Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
Manufacturing Processes •
Mass Production
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Batch Production
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Job Shop or One off production
Mass Production •
Large lots of production –
High volume production, from thousands to millions
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Specialized manufacturing or assembly lines
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Short production time
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High production efficiency
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Higher initial costs
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Lower running costs
EX: Automobiles, two wheelers, Consumer products
Batch Production •
Medium Lots –
Typical batch size is from 100 to few thousands
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Special purpose machines are employed
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High productivity
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Can handle product variety with ease
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High job satisfaction
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Fairly lower product costs
Job Shop Production •
Small lots or one off –
Lot size can be one unit or few tens of units
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General purpose machines
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Usually part will be big or intricate
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Production costs are high
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Longer lead times
Advantages of CAM •
Integrated with Design makes changes easy to incorporate
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Greater productivity
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Flexibility in manufacturing processes
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Shorter lead times
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Less down times and hence better productivity
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Reduced maintenance (Self diagnostic tools and monitoring facilities built in)
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Reduced scrap and rework (dry runs and CAM simulators)
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Better utilization of machines
CAD/CAM Integration Engineering design and manufacturing use CAD/CAM software for three distinctly different purposes: • Design Modeling—A mechanical design engineer uses CAD software to create a part. This definition of the part can be called its model. This model can be represented as a drawing or a CAD data file. • Manufacturing Modeling—A manufacturing engineer or NC programmer uses CAD software for a number of important tasks. Perhaps most common is to develop a computer model of a part that was previously defined only by a drawing. Another common task is to evaluate and repair existing CAD data so that it is usable for manufacturing functions. Manufacturing engineers also sometimes create new part models from the original design to allow for manufacturability. This includes adding draft angles or developing models of the part for different steps in multi-process manufacturing. And, of course, someone on the manufacturing side must design models of fixtures, mold cores and cavities, mold bases and othis tooling. • NC Programming—A manufacturing engineer or NC programmer uses CAM software to select tools, methods and procedures to machine the models defined in the manufacturing modeling section described above. Note that whoever performs manufacturing modeling is usually the same person that performs NC programming.
COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING (CIM)
Definition Computer Integrated Manufacturing, known as CIM, is the phrase used to describe the complete automation of a manufacturing plant, with all processes functioning under computer control and digital information tying them together. It was promoted by machine tool manufacturers in the 1980's and the Society for Manufacturing Engineers (CASA/SME). Quite often it was mistaken for the concept of a "lights out" factory. It includes CAD/CAM, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing, CAPP, computer-aided process planning, CNC, computer numerical control machine tools, DNC, direct numerical control machine tools, FMS, flexible machining systems, ASRS, automated storage and retrieval systems, AGV, automated guided vehicles, use of robotics and automated conveyance, computerized scheduling and production control, and a business system integrated by a common data base. Computer integrated manufacturing can include different combinations of the tools listed above.
The Issues One of the key issues regarding CIM is equipment incompatibility and difficulty of integration of protocols. Integrating different brand equipment controllers with robots, conveyors and supervisory controllers is a time-consuming task with a lot of pitfalls. Quite often, the large investment and time required for software, hardware, communications, and integration cannot be financially justified easily. Another key issue is data integrity. Machines react clumsily to bad data and the costs of data upkeep as well as general information systems departmental costs are higher than in a non-CIM facility.
Another issue is the attempt to program extensive logic to produce schedules and optimize part sequence. There is no substitute for the human mind in reacting to a dynamic day-to-day manufacturing schedule and changing priorities.
Pragmatic Applications It might be more prudent for a company to begin the process of computer integration with CAD/CAM and an integrated business data base. There are many reliable and proven CAD/CAM software packages available, as there are integrated business software systems. Taking small steps instead of a wholesale CIM approach is advisable.
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF CIM Improved customer service Improved quality Shorter time to market with new products Shorter flow time Shorter vendor lead time Reduced inventory levels Improved schedule performance Greater flexibility and responsiveness Improved competitiveness Lower total cost Shorter customer lead time Increase in manufacturing productivity Decrease in work-in process inventory
SAP MODULES
SAP is known as System Application Programming. The following are the various SAP modules which are use in manufacturing
PM (Plant Maintenance) – •
Labour
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Material
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Down time and outages
MM (Materials Management) – •
Requisitions
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Purchase orders
•
Goods receipts
•
Accounts payable
•
Inventory management
•
Master raw materials, finished goods etc
QM (Quality Management) – improve the quality of your goods, including
•
Planning
•
Execution
•
Inspections
•
Certificates
PP (Production Planning) – manages production process, including •
Capacity planning
•
Master production scheduling
•
Material requirements planning
•
Shop floor
SD (Sales and Distribution) – from order to delivery, including •
RFQ
•
Sales orders
•
Pricing
•
Picking (and othis warehouse processes)
•
Packing
•
Shipping
HR (Human Resources) – •
Employment history
•
Payroll
•
Training
•
Career management
•
Succession planning
SAP IMPLEMENTATION IN SIEMENS PLM SOFTWARES Siemens PLM Software’s an India based sheet metal manufacturing concern wished to implement the SAP Business One system at their manufacturing units so as to automate and integrate their disparate business systems. With the successful implementation of the SAP Business One system Siemens PLM Softwares are integrating their business processes in a single framework there by enabling them to manage their business in a better and more efficient manner. With the SAP Business One implementation at their manufacturing unit, Siemens PLM Softwares enjoys the following benefits:
• The SAP Business One system has enabled Siemens PLM Softwares to integrate their disparate business systems there by enabling them to obtain an accurate and complete view of their business. This in turn enables them to take more qualified and profitable business decisions.
• The SAP Business One system streamlines the flow of information between functional departments there by reducing data redundancy
• With the consolidation of business processes into a single framework, Siemens PLM Softwares can easily review the status and performance of their business at any point in time. .
SUMMARY Siemens PLM Softwares has successfully implemented the SAP Business One solution at Siemens PLM Softwares there by providing them with a means to integrate their business processes and streamline the flow of information between the various functional departments.
With implementation of SAP the business process of Siemens PLM Software turn into greater efficiency and productivity, Siemens PLM Softwares has successfully
implemented ERP applications in various organizations.
In this report I am taking the following modules which are implemented by Siemens PLM Software Ltd, •
Quality Management Module
•
Production Planning Module
•
Warehouse Management Module
•
SAP HR Module
QUALITY MANAGEMENT MODULE Quality Control for items is an essential activity as it helps in reducing the operational costs and the delays and number of rejections in the production process. The quality of the items can be verified against a set of parameters. The result of the verification can be stored in the Quality Management module thereby enabling organizations to maintain a record and conduct an analysis of the same. The Quality Management module can be used to maintain a record of the quality levels of the items being procured by an organization from various suppliers and vendors. Performing a quality check at the incoming stage helps in ensuring that only approved items sent for production there by reducing the number of rejections and delays. Additionally, a quality check can be performed on the finished goods and the results of the same can be recorded in the Quality Management module. The Quality Management module also handles and records the rejection of items from the shop floor. The data pertaining to the items and their quality levels can be used to analyze the performance and generate ratings for various suppliers and vendors. This in turn enables managers to make decisions on the vendors/suppliers from whom the orders are to be placed. The Quality Management module can be used to record the quality levels of individual or batch items. In case of batch items, quality checks can be performed on samples.
Features The Quality Management module includes the following elements and features:
Parameter Master The quality of the goods is measured against a set of parameters. Using the parameter master, managers can create a database of quality parameters/attributes against which the quality of an item can be verified. Apart from the name of the parameter, its unit or measure can also be stored in the parameter master. Depending on the nature of the attribute, a parameter can be qualitative or quantitative. The parameter master also includes an option to disable specific parameters from the listing. A disabled parameter cannot be associated with items.
Item-Parameter Association The Quality Management module is integrated with the Inventory module of the SAP Business One application. While adding the details of an item in the system, managers can associate parameters, from the parameter master, against which the quality of the item will be verified. The manger has the option to specify the maximum and minimum permissible parameter limits for the item. The manager can also assign a separate rejection and approved warehouse for the item. In case an item does not pass the quality check, it is assigned to the rejection warehouse defined for the item. Similarly, an item passes the quality check is assigned to the approved warehouse. The manger can enter his remarks pertaining to the approval/rejection of the item. We have also built a provision that enables the manger to set whether a quality check, for an item, is mandatory or not. In case the quality check is mandatory, the invoice cannot be raised till the quality check has been completed.
Quality Control To record the quality levels of items, an interface displaying all the assigned quality parameters with their maximum and minimum permissible limits, for an item, is displayed to the manager. The manager can verify the quality of the item against the parameters and record the results of the same, along with his comments. The item can then accordingly be assigned to the approved or rejected warehouse. Managers can approve or reject items at various stages. These include: •
Incoming QC: An incoming quality check takes place when the goods are received from a vendor/supplier. On receipt of the goods, a Goods Receipt Purchase Order needs to be raised in the SAP system. In case a mandatory quality check option has been set for an item/batch contained in the goods receipt purchase order, the manager will not be able to raise the goods receipt order, till the quality process for the incoming goods has been completed. The items that are approved are sent for production.
•
In Process QC: The Quality Management module can be used to record the items that were rejected from the shop floor. The manager is provided with options to record the reasons for the same and raise a shop floor rejection within the application. A rejected item is sent to the assigned rejected warehouse.
•
Final QC: Before the finished goods are sold to the customer a quality check of the finished goods takes place. As in the same of incoming QC the manager can record the results of the quality check in the system. Rejected goods are sent to the assigned rejection warehouse. Conversely, approved goods are sent to the dispatch warehouse where it awaits distribution.
The Quality Management module includes a reporting section that enables the evaluation and analysis of the results of the quality checks performed on various items/batches. On the basis of the results of the quality checks, the system also generates and assigns ratings for the various vendors and suppliers. A review of the rating reports can help managers in taking decisions.
ADVANTAGES •
With item/batch wise details of rejections and acceptances stored, it is easy for managers to generate and view a rating of various vendors/suppliers thereby enabling them to take decisions regarding the vendors/suppliers from whom future orders are to be placed.
•
Enforcing a quality check on items ensures that a quality check is performed and only those goods that pass the quality checks are sent for production.
•
The Quality Management module also helps in keeping track of the item/batch rejections and the reasons for the same. Quality parameters and their permissible limits are defined within the system. This in turn helps in judging and evaluating the level and degree of rejections.
Based on the rejections, a rating report can be generated for all vendors and suppliers. Based on these reports, managers can take decisions regarding which vendor to place orders from.
PRODUCTION PLANNING MODULE Production planning add-on for SAP Business One that enables organizations to track and schedule the production on basis of the machine capacity and availability. Through the Production Planning module managers can plan and forecast the utilization and availability of resources for the production process there by enabling organizations to increase efficiency and productivity and at the same time minimizing production time and costs.
Through the Production Planning module managers can determine which machines are to be utilized. They can also prioritize the production schedule on the basis of the availability of resources to determine the estimated date of delivery (i.e. forward planning) or on the basis of the committed delivery date (i.e. backward planning). Through the Production Planning module managers can effectively track the progress of production orders through the various stages and can determine whether or not the delivery
schedules
will
be
met.
.
FEATURES The features and elements available within the Production Planning add-on module are as follows:
Masters The Production Planning module enables managers to create and maintain a database of parameters/attributes that are required for proper scheduling or the production orders. The various masters available within the add-on are as follows: • Setup: Managers can use this screen to define the working hours (i.e. start time and end time) followed in the manufacturing unit. Through this screen managers can also define the lead time to be taken into consideration while scheduling the production
orders. • Work shifts: Through the Work Shifts interface the managers can define and store the various work shifts that are being followed in the unit. • Machine Group Center: Multiple machines can be grouped together. The machine group center interface enables managers to define machine group centers into which the machines can be classified.
.
.
• Machine Calendar: A calendar for the machines (detailed the working days and the holidays) can be created in the Production Planning add-on module. The calendar in turn can be used to schedule the availability of the machines. Through the Machine Calendar interface the manager can define the days of the week on which the machine will be operated. For each day of the week that the machine will be operated the working hours (i.e. start time and end time) can be defined. Through the interface the manager can also define the holiday list (i.e. days on which the manufacturing unit is closed). The production orders are scheduled keeping in mind the list of holidays. • Machine Center: The Machine Center interface is used to define and store the details of the machines that are available for use in the production process. Details such as the machine name cost of operating the machine (direct cost, indirect costs, and overheads), machine capacity and efficiency can be stored. The machine can be assigned to a machine center group. A machine calendar needs to be associated with the machine. • Calendar Entries: The manager can generate a calendar for a machine, for a specific time period. The system will use the working days and holidays (as mentioned in the Machine Calendar) to generate the calendar for the specified date range. Details such as machine name, work shift when the machine was used, the start date/time, the end date/time, capacity, efficiency is displayed. The capacity of the machine will vary according to the start and end times. The manager can enter the actual capacity of the machine
and
his
comments/reasoning
for
the
same.
• Operation Master: The various operations that are to be performed on the machines can be defined and stored in the Operation Master. The operations thus defined are then associated with a machine.
.
.
• Routing Master: The Routing Master can be used to define a route i.e. various operations to be included in a production process and the order in which they are to be performed. A route is then associated with a production order.
Scheduling After assigning a route to a production order the manager can now schedule the production. The scheduling interface lists all the pending production orders. The manager can set the priority of the production orders and schedule them according to the start date of the production orders or on the basis of the date of delivery. In case the date of delivery option has been selected, the lead time (as defined in the setup screen) will be used to calculate the date. The Reports generated through the Production Planning module enables managers to track and monitor the production schedules and their progress. The reports that can be generated are: • Production Scheduling Report: The production scheduling report details all the productions orders that have been scheduled. The report can be filtered according to various criteria such as date, machines used, production orders etc. • Job Card: The Job Card displays the details of all production processes that have been completed. The manager can enter his comments on the same there by enabling it to be monitored.
ADVANTAGES The
Production
Planning
add-on
module
offers
the
following
advantages:
• The Production Planning module provides real time information on the availability of resources. • It helps accurately determining the date or completion and start dates so as to ensure timely delivery of the orders. • Through the Production Planning module the various stages in the production process can be scheduled.
WAREHOUSE MANAGEMENT The spare parts required for Automotive & Farm Equipment Sector dealers are managed through this warehouse. Wireless hand-held terminals are used to scan the bar-codes on the component packs. The same is integrated with SAP R/3 System and being used to track the material during Pre-packing, Binning, Picking & Packing and error-free warehouse processes. This has facilitated substantial improvement in productivity and efficiency of warehouse staff to support high volume needs of the business. Computer support for the organization and management of warehouses has become imperative for timely, effective processing of logistic requirements within a company. The SAP Warehouse Management (WM) application provides flexible, automated support to assist you in processing all goods movements and in maintaining
current
stock
inventories
in
your
warehousing
complex.
Computer support for the organization and management of warehouses has become imperative for timely, effective processing of logistic requirements within a company. The SAP Warehouse Management (WM) application provides flexible, automated support to assist you in processing all goods movements and in maintaining current stock inventories in your warehousing complex. WM supports warehousing processes by making it possible for you to Define and manage complex warehousing structures Optimize material flow using advanced put away and picking techniques Process goods receipts, goods issues and stock transfers quickly and easily .Currently, the work process in the warehouse is characterized by speed, reliability, and precision in processing individual goods movements. To make sure that work is performed efficiently and at a reasonable cost, the warehouse staff requires simple and easy-to-view control of each individual process. The radio frequency (RF) solution provides fast and error-free data communication through the use of mobile RF terminals. This, in turn, provides a high standard of quality. The RF terminals receive data directly from the SAP System and transmit the results back to the system. You can scan the information that needs to be recorded, such as storage unit numbers, using a bar code (for example, based on UCC/EAN128 standards), and also use the bar code scan to verify the storage bins.
SCOPE Today's manufacturing enterprise produces consumer goods or weapons systems, must often juggle a range of conflicting demands. Smaller lot sizes, increased product flexibility, highest product quality, decreased delivery time, and smaller profit margins are typical of the ambitious goals in many such organizations. Through it all, the enterprise must consistently aim for the five R's-- produce the right product, with the right quality, in the right quantity, at the right price, and at the right time-- and it must do more than satisfy its customers; it must delight them. Correct and timely information is key to meeting these goals, and information technology-- database management systems, enterprise resource planning systems, and simulation and computer-aided design tools-- has become indispensable to most manufacturing enterprises. Although its role in manufacturing has been more to support processes, IT is evolving to become a catalyst for process and product change.
Flexibility for the Future In the manufacturing environment of the 21st century, several trends will place increasing pressure on manufacturers: Larger numbers of product variants will be required to meet user demands for greater product customization. Manufacturers will need production facilities that are economic and profitable at very low volumes and that have low "fixed" costs. Increasing dispersion of manufacturing operations is likely. Successful manufacturing companies will be forced to develop effective global manufacturing networks, "knitting together" the skills and capabilities of individual units located around the globe to create a seamless international production capability; organizationally, the factory floor will see self-directed work teams "managing" the day-to-day operations of the firm with minimal real-time supervision, with white-collar labor focusing much more on the creation of new and improved products.
LITERATURE REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW
Kothari, C.R., RESEARCH METHODOLOGY5, -- Research in common parlance refers to search for knowledge. It can also be defined as a scientific and systematic search for information on a specific topic. A research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in procedure. Decisions regarding what, where, when, how much, by what means concerning a research study constitute a research design. Sampling can be defined as the Selection of some part of an aggregate or totality on the basis of which a judgment or inference about the aggregate or totality is made
Cooper Donald R.,Schindler Pamela S4---Broadly the sources of data are:-
Primary Sources
Secondary sources. Primary data are those which are collected for the first time and thus happen to be original in character. Primary data is collected through:-
Questionnaires
Observation Method
Schedules
The secondary data are those which have already been collected by someone else & which have already passed through the statistical process. Secondary data has been collected through: Magazines, Journals, Pamphlets, Websites of the selected car companies Gupta S.P6--- Correlation is a statistical technique which helps in analyzing the relationship between two or more variables. It is used in measuring the closeness of relationship between variables. Gupta S C, Kapoor V K7--- Correlation is a statistical technique which helps in analyzing the relationship between two or more variables. It is used in measuring
the closeness of relationship between variables. The study of correlation is of immense significance in statistical analysis and practical life: Tull Donald S, Hawkings Del I8--- Questionnaires are considered as the heart of survey operations and therefore should be very carefully constructed. It consists of a number of questions printed or typed in a definite order which is filled by the respondents on their own. A good questionnaire should be comparatively short and simple and the sequence shall be from easy the difficult ones.
Advantages of questionnaires are: They are economical. They are free from the biasness of the interviewers. Respondents have adequate time to give well thought to their answers. Respondents can be reached conveniently. Large samples can be used and therefore the results are more dependable.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY To study whether IT can help in maintaining coordination between different domains of the business. To study whether IT can improve productivity and efficiency of the firm. To study technology adopted by the manufacturing firms. To study up to what level technology is successful at different levels. To study the applications of IT in manufacturing sector. To study the expectations of manufacturing sector from IT.
RESEARCH METHODOLOG Y
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH DESIGN Research is the process of systematic and in-depth study or research for any particular topic, subject or area of investigation, backed by collection, compilation, presentation and interpretation of relevant details or data. It is a careful search or inquiry into any subject or subject matter, which is an endeavor to discover or find out valuable facts, which would be useful for further application or utilization. Research may involved a scientific study or experimentation and result in discover or invention, which would aid ethics scientific development or decision making. It may also established relationship between variable and identified the ways and means for problem solving.
In this project the following type of research is to be done.  Exploratory or formulative research Exploratory research is a primary study of subject matter or investigation of the phenomena. It is not specific in nature but aims at understanding the broad contours of the subject. It is usually preliminary or pilot study and is followed by descriptive, experimental research. It does not have a formal and rigid design and as the research may have a formal and rigid design and as the research may have to change his focus or direction, depending on the availability of new ideas, new hypothesis, increasing the familiarity with the problem, assessing the feasibility of further studies etc.
 Diagnostic research This type of study is similar to a descriptive study but emphasizes on discovery of what is happening, why is it happening and what can be done about it. It attempts to identify the causes of a problem and its possible solution. it used case study method or in-depth approach to discover the casual relations. It uses small sample sizes and very deep probing data gathering devices.
SAMPLING DEFINITION Sampling may be defined as a selection of some part of an aggregate on the basis of which a judgment about the aggregate is made. In other words it is the process of obtaining information about an entire population by examining on the apart of it. Sample should be truly representative of population characteristics without any bias so that it may result in valid and reliable conclusion. In the project the marketing and market research, which was ask to be studied was Chandigarh & Mohali market but as it was not possible to approach all the respondent of the city, hence a sample was selected which represents the whole city. The areas selected for the sample are present further in the appendix.
IMPORTANCE OF SAMPLING 1. Sampling safe time & money. A sample study is usually less expensive that census study. 2. Sampling enable more accurate measurement for a sample study is generally conducted by trained and experienced investigators. 3. Sampling remains the only way when population contains infinitely many members. 4. Sampling remains the only choice when a test involves the destruction of the items under study. 5. Sampling usually enables to estimate the sampling errors and, thus, assists in obtaining information concerning some characteristics of the population.
SAMPLING DESIGN
DEFINATION A Sample design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from the sampling frame. It refers to the technique the researcher would adopt in selecting some sample unit from which inferences about the population is drawn. Sampling is determined before any data are colleted.
Types of sampling design 1. Probability Sampling a) Simple random sampling 2. Non- Probability sampling a) Convenience sampling Type of Sample design used by researcher is Convenience Sampling.
SAMPLE SIZE •
Sample size for the research is fixed. It counts to 55. That is the companies and corporate selling and feed of Siemens PLM Software in comparison between other IT sectors.
SAMPLING AREA •
Like every company wants expansion of its business so SEIMENS PLM Software also on its way to increase its clientele in North India region also so I was given the area of the Chandigarh and nearby regions where there is a good Industrial base so my sample area of research was Industries located in Chandigarh & Mohali.
STATISTICAL TOOL Likert Scale: They are developed by utilizing the item analysis approach wherein is a particular item is evaluated on the basis of how well its discriminates between those persons whose total score is high and whose total score is low .those items or statements that best meet this sort of discrimination test are included in the final instrument .
Procedure for developing a likert scale 1. As a first step, the researcher collects a large number of statements which are relevant to the attitude being studied and a particular point of view or the attitude and that the number of favorable and unfavorable statements is approximately equal. 2. After the statements have been gathered, a trial test should be administered to a number of subjects and their response to each statement by checking one of the categories of agreement or disagreement using a five point scale as stated above. 3. The response to various statements are scored in a such a way that a response indicative of the most favorable attitude is given the highest score of 5 and that with the most unfavorable attitude is given the lowest score say of 1. 4. Then the total score of each respondent is obtained by adding his scores that he received for separate statements. 5. The next step is to array these total scores and find out statements which have a high discriminatory power. For this purpose researcher may select some part of the highest and the lowest total scores ,say the top 25% and the bottom 25%.this way we determine which statements consistently correlate with low favorability and which with low favorability. 6. Only those statements correlate with the total test should be retained in the final instrument and all others must be discarded from it.
DATA COLLECTION DATA COLLECTION METHOD For given project, the primary data, which needed to collect for the first time, were much significant. This type of information gathered through Research technique, which is the most popular and effective technique for correct data collection. The survey was completed with the use of questionnaires.
SOURCES OF DATA •
PRIMARY DATA is collected through questionnaire, search and research through place where today's computer has been mostly used.
•
SECONDARY DATA is being search sites like magazines, newspapers, journals, websites and the data has been collected through other approaches.
QUESTIONNAIRE METHOD: This method is used to collect information about the Market Potential of SEIMENS PLM SOFTWARE from the employees of the companies, awareness about the IT applications, etc. This information helped to know their expectation and their awareness about the Concept.
Advantages of questionnaires are:
They are economical.
They are free from the biasness of the interviewers.
Respondents have adequate time to give well thought to their answers.
Respondents can be reached conveniently.
Large samples can be used and therefore the results are more dependable.
HYPOTHESIS STUDY MEANING: A statement that explains or makes generalizations about a set of facts or principles, usually forming a basis for possible experiments to confirm its viability. It is usually considered as a principal instrument in research.
FEATURES: 1.
Hypothesis should be clear and precise.
2.
Hypothesis should be capable of being tested.
3.
Hypothesis should state relationship between variables.
4.
Hypothesis should be limited in scope and must be specific.
5.
Hypothesis should be stated as far as possible in most simple terms.
6.
Hypothesis should be consistent with most known facts.
7.
Hypothesis should be amenable to testing within a reasonable time.
8.
Hypothesis must explain the facts that gave rise to need for explanation .
TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS H0 = Null Hypothesis H1 = Alternative Hypothesis H0 = There is a relationship between software used by the company and the productivity of the company. H1 = There is no a relationship between software used by the company and the productivity of the company. Sample Size = 55
Chi Square Test Meaning: - The chi-square test is one of the simplest and widely used nonparametric tests in statistical work. The symbol is Greek letter chi. it was first used by Karl Pearson’s in the year 1990. The quantity chi-square describes the magnitude of the discrepancy between theory and observation. Formula: Σ(O-E)2 E O=Observed value E=Expected value Observed Value
Expected Value
35
27.5
= (7.5)2
20
27.5
= (-7.5)2
= Σ (56.25)
= 2.045
27.5 2.045 is the calculated value The level of significance that we are taking is 5 %
DEGREE OF FREEDOM While comparing the calculated value of Chi Square with the table value, we have to determine the degree of freedom. By degree of freedom we mean the number of classes to which the values can be assigned arbitrary or will without violating the restriction or limitations placed. Degree of freedom= (n-1) = (2-1) = 1 The tabulated value is 3.84 Since, the tabulated value is greater than the calculated value i.e.; 3.84>2.04 So, the null hypothesis (H0) is accepted Hence, there is a relationship between software used in a company and the productivity of the company.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY Every project has some limitations even the researcher came across some limitations while working on the project which made the analysis a little inappropriate at times. Some of the basic limitations faced during the research are listed below:
Only limited number i.e. 55 employees were covered in the study.
Most of the research was based on cold calls, so the response was not good.
There was a bias on the part of the respondents.
Companies that were contacted through telephone at times did not give correct information to the researcher.
The IT manager or the person heading the IT Department did not have the rights to give the authorized official information to people other then the members of the official itself and the high officials.
Time Constraint was a big problem time given for research was not sufficient.
DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATIO N
1. What type of Softwares do you use? Type of Software Designing Related Business Related
Total Nos. 37 18
Percentage 67% 33%
Designingusing Related hospitals branded computers Business Related hospitals using
Interpretation
67% of the respondents use designing related software’s in the company.
33% of the respondents use business related software’s.
2.
Which company’s software’s do you use?
Companies
Total Nos.
Percentage
Microsoft
7
12%
Infosys
14
24%
Siemens
13
23%
Others
21
41%
HP Microsoft
Infosys HCL
Siemens acer Others others
Interpretation
Software developed of Microsoft is used by 12% of the respondents.
24% of the respondents use software developed by Infosys.
23% of the respondents use Siemens software.
41% of the respondents use software developed by other companies.
3. What is the number of used servers? Servers used 1 2 3-5 >5
Total Nos. 10 11 21 13
Percentage 18% 20% 38% 24%
1 2 3 to 5 >5
Interpretation
18% of the respondents use only 1 server.
20% of respondents use 2 servers.
3-5 servers are used by 38% of the respondents.
24% of the respondents use more than 5 servers.
4. Do you have AMC (Annual Maintenance Contract)?
Opinion
Total Nos.
Percentage
Companies having AMC
30
54%
Companies not having AMC
25
46%
Yes
hospitals having AMC hospitals not having AMC
No
Interpretation 
54% of companies have AMC.

46% of companies do not have AMC.
5. Are you facing any problem with current used Siemens product line? Total Nos.
Percentage
Facing problem
15
27%
Not facing problem
18
32%
Not faced problems yet
22
41%
hospitals facing problem Facing problems hospitals Not facingnot problems facing problem Notyet yet encountered encountered not
Interpretation 
27% of the respondents are facing problem.

32% of the respondents are not facing problem.

41% of the respondents have not faced problem yet.
6. Are you planning to make any new Website / Softwares? Planning about new
Total Nos.
Percentage
purchase Planning to purchase
9
16%
No planning
17
30%
Not yet planned
29
54%
planning to purchase no planning not yet planned
Interpretation
16% of the respondents are planning to make new website/ software.
30% of the respondents are not planning to make new website/ software.
54% of the respondents have not yet planned to make new website/ software.
7. How do you find the SEIMENS products? Reaction
about
Siemens
Total Nos.
Percentage
7 12 19 7 10
12% 22% 36% 12% 18%
products OK Good Satisfactory Outstanding Not tried yet
OK good satisfactory outstanding not tried yet
Interpretation
12% of the respondents have said ok.
22% of the respondents say good.
36% of the respondents say satisfactory.
12% of the respondents say outstanding.
18% of the respondents have not yet tried it.
8. Do you want to know more about SEIEMENS products? Opinion
Total Nos.
Percentage
Yes
42
76%
No
13
24%
Yes No
Interpretation
76% of the respondents say yes.
26% of the respondents say no.
9. Are you interested to have a demo of our Softwares / Web Based Solutions?
Interested in demo Not interested in demo
Total Nos. 24 31
Percentage 43% 57%
Interested in demo Not Interested
Interpretation 
43% of the respondents were interested in having demo.

57% of the respondents were not interested in having demo.
10. Do you feel that Softwares developed by SEIMENS PLM Software which are used by your company are giving you improved productivity?
Opinion
Total Nos.
Percentage
Yes
35
63%
No
20
37%
Yes No
Interpretation
63% of the respondents say yes.
37% of the respondents say no.
11. Do you feel that software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software are not so difficult to use and have more features as compared to competitors?
Opinion
Total Nos.
Percentage
Fully Agree
35
63%
Somewhat Agree
10
18%
Disagree
7
12%
Can't Say
3
7%
Interpretation
63% of the respondents fully agree.
18% of the respondents somewhat agree.
12% of the respondents disagree.
7% of the respondents were unable to comment.
12. Do you feel that software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software work satisfactorily? Opinion
Total Nos.
Percentage
Fully Agree
33
60%
Somewhat Agree
10
18%
Disagree
7
12%
Can't Says
5
10%
Interpretation
60% of the respondents fully agree.
18% of the respondent somewhat agree.
12% of the respondents disagree.
10% of the respondents were unable to comment.
13. Would you like to recommend Softwares developed by SEIMENS PLM Softwares to your customers?
Opinion
Total Nos.
Percentage
Fully Agree
40
72%
Somewhat Agree
10
18%
Disagree
3
5.45%
Can't Says
2
4.55%
Interpretation
72% of the respondents fully agree.
18% of the respondents somewhat agree.
5.45% of the respondents disagree.
4.55% of the respondents were unable to comment.
FINDINGS
FINDINGS
SEIMENS is having large number of channel partners but it is not supporting & taking care all of them equally which results in increasing discontentment among new channel partners because it’s not possible for company to support all of them equally. Company should take some positive action against it.
It has been found that Softwares developed by SEIMENS PLM Software are giving improved productivity and efficiency to the firm.
It has been agreed by the respondents that software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software are not so difficult to use.
It has been also found here that Softwares developed by SEIMENS PLM Software are proven successful to easen their tedious business tasks and are working up to the maximum satisfaction level.
Respondents are satisfied with SEIMENS PLM Softwares Products and would like to recommend Software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Softwares to their concerned persons.
They should pay proper attention towards the discussion with the customers.
SUGGESTIONS
SUGGESTIONS
Most of the respondents were not aware about the SEIMENS PLM SOFTWARES. So, SEIMENS needs to promote its Centers at a large scale through various promotional tools like TV, Newspapers etc.
SEIMENS needs to spread awareness and update the people about latest in IT through e-mails & seminars.
Chandigarh is the potential area for generating the business of SEIMENS PLM SOFTWARES. So, maximum efforts should be put in promoting the brand in Chandigarh and its nearby areas.
Regular touch with the mass should be maintained in forms of journals and publishing in daily newspapers and magazines. This will put an impact on the consumers mind.
Need to expend customer care center as the consumer base of SEIMENS PLM Softwares is increasing with tremendously fast pace.
Proper attention should be paid for advertisement planning otherwise it may lead to problem for dealer as well as for company.
Company should tie up with some event management company to organize various promotional activities like canopy, Carnival.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
IT is evolving to become a catalyst for process and product change.
IT also has implications for the way we think about the skills required in a manufacturing environment.
As the implementation of any IT application likewise SAP is may very costly for the organization but the impact of these type of technology is for long term benefits and help in business growth.
IT applications are driven with the objective of providing the best products and services to the customer at optimal cost and simultaneously ensuring the value to M&M's business partners
The adoption of Information Technology has moved up the value chain, from cost savings to business enablement. The business benefits of various business solutions implemented have resulted in standardization, synergistic operations, inventory reduction, easier consolidation, and cycle time reduction and optimized business processes leading to faster operations and informed decisionmaking.
IT has impacted all the business functions and processes in the organization, the value of which can be seen more in creation strategic capabilities - such as anytime, anywise availability of secured information, facilitating collaboration and improved communication within and outside the organization, effective leveraging knowledge within the organization for business benefits, enabling organization to be more customer centric and agile.
From the research I can judge the very much secured future of the IT application in the manufacturing sector in terms of robotics , MIS , automations of the processes etc;
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY REFERRED BOOKS 1.
Kellogg: Mastering Marketing
2.
Kotler Phillip (2007),”Marketing Management” Macgroth Hill, New Delhi
3.
Drucker, Peter F. (1989),”what Business can learn from Nonprofits”, Harvard business Review, Vol (july-August)
4.
Cooper Donald R., Schindler Pamela
5.
Marketing Research C.R Kothari
6.
Gupta S.P, Statistical Methods
7.
Gupta S.C Kapoor
8.
Tull Donald S,Hawkings
MAGAZINES / JOURNALS / NEWSPAPERS ♦ Business World ♦ Business Today ♦ The Financial Express ♦ The Times of India ♦ The Hindu
WEBSITES: ♦ www.plm.automation.siemens.com ♦ www.altavista.com ♦ www.khoj.com
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE QUESTIONNAIRE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Name
____________________________________
Designation
____________________________________
Company/ Firm
____________________________________
Address
____________________________________
Contact No.
____________________________________
What type of Software’s do you use? a)
Design Related
b)
Business Application Related
Which companies software’s do you use? a)
Microsoft
b)
Infosys
c)
Siemens
d)
Others
What is the number of used servers? a)
1
b)
2
c)
3-5
d)
>5
Do you have AMC? a)
Yes
b)
No
Are you facing any problem with current used SIEMENS product line? a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Not yet
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Are you planning to make any new Website / Software’s? a)
Yes
b)
No
How do you find the SEIMENS products? a.)
OK
b.)
Good
c.)
Satisfactory
d.)
Outstanding
e.)
Not tried yet
Do you want to know more about SEIMENS products? a)
Yes
b)
No
Are you interested to have a demo of our Software’s / Web Based Solutions? a)
Yes
b)
No.
Do you feel that Software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software which are used by your company are giving you improved productivity?
11.
a)
Yes
b)
No.
Do you feel that software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software are not so difficult to use and have more features as compared to competitors? a)
Fully Agree
b)
Somewhat Agree
c)
Disagree
d)
Can't Says
12.
Do you feel that software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software work satisfactorily?
13.
a)
Fully Agree
b)
Somewhat Agree
c)
Disagree
d)
Can't Says
Would you like to recommend Software’s developed by SEIMENS PLM Software to your customers? a)
Fully Agree
b)
Somewhat Agree
c)
Disagree
d)
Can't Says