Introduction Establishing a house or a commercial space does not involve only constructing it. We also need to make sure that the structure preserves its excellent condition so that we enjoy our investment for a long time. There are many industrial methods that we can do to keep our home or our workspace in good shape, but one of the most effective steps that we should take is to have our walls re-applied with the right pigments. Thus paint is an important Component of any engineering works. After constructing any structure we need to paint that to enhance its durability and aesthetic view. Indeed, paints are essential components for constructing new buildings, especially during the initial fabrication of our residence or our office. However, as years go by, the hues might lose their brightness and integrity because of the weather as well as other elements. To overcome this we need to use proper paint in proper place. Also we need to repaint once some of the wall or other places are faded or damaged. With the advancement of science and technology a wide variety of paints and varnishes are used in our day to day life. The use of paint makes our stay comfortable, beautiful and elegant. In this point of view all civil engineers should have little knowledge about paints. Objective – • • • • Scope • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
To familiarize with various types of paints and varnishes To carry out Market Survey on various paints and varnishes To know the popular items in Bangladesh To estimate the cost of Paint required for a luxurious and a moderate house
Familiarization with paint. Historic background of paint Colors available in Bangladesh Objectives of paint. Characteristics of ideal paint. Types of Paint Eco friendly Paint. Market Survey on paints. Process of Painting. Defects of paints. Familiarization with Varnish. Types of Varnish. Market Survey on Varnish. Compatibility among major paints in Bangladesh. Popularity of major paints in Bangladesh. Estimation and labour cost of paint. Recommendation. Conclusion. 1
What is Paint? We see it everywhere and on everything. In the home, painting is one of the most frequent and popular home repairs made by home owners and renters. But what is this stuff? Paint is a mixture of four basic ingredients: Pigments; Resins; Solvents; Additives. The exact composition of a particular paint is often complex and proprietary.
Ingredients Of Paints:
A. Pigments Paint pigments are small, hard particles that come in a wide variety of shapes. Their principle functions are the following: • To cover the substrate since most binders, by themselves, are moreor less translucent; • To provide color as required by the appearance of the finished product; • To provide corrosion resistance of metallic substrates. More than one pigment is present in a paintto provide these properties. B. Binders The paint binder (or resin) is the solid material that forms the bulk of the paint film. It is generally a tough, amorphous polymeric material that gives the paint most of its thermal, mechanical, and weathering properties. Binders can be roughly classified into two categories: thermoplastic, which can be remelted, and thermosetting. C. Solvents The paint solvent is a pure or mixed blend of liquid that is used to make the paint flowable and give it the proper viscosity before its application. After the paint film has dried, usually by baking, the solvent is no longer present. D. Additives Additives are modifiers added to paint, usually in small quantities, to achieve special effects. They modify the properties of either the wet film or the dried paint and can affect flexibility, color fastness, gloss, solvent resistance, graffiti resistance, conductivity, etc
2
History of Paint
Paint has been used since pre-history. Cave paintings dating back an estimated 40,000 years feature artwork made with soot, colored earth and animal fats. Lead and arsenic were common pigments for hundreds of years, making painting a rather dangerous profession. although lead was banned from artists' and house paints in 1978 in the U.S., it is still widely used for industrial applications and for painting road markings. Until the mid 1800s, paint was usually made by hand for each application by artists and house painters. The advent of the mass production of pigments and the wide availability of inexpensive linseed oil as a binder prompted several companies to start manufacturing paint. The largest paint company in the world is Sherwin Williams, which started the manufacture and sale of paint for architectural applications in 1866. Now there are thousands of companies worldwide producing paint for art, buildings and industry.
Colors Available
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Berger Color Bank It's amazing how a little imagination of yours can create colors of wonders. Over the past 12 years, Berger Color Bank has made it possible for you to choose the color of your dreams. It is an innovative computerized color dispensing solution that allows you to choose from an astounding range of unlimited shades for interior and exterior walls.Formulated with the highest quality ingredients, all Color Bank paints are LEAD-FREE & ECO-FRIENDLY. The ECO System Colorants from Italtinto, Italy is the ultimate technological breakthrough in tinting system technology that ensures high quality products with high coverage, optimum performance in terms of light, weather and solvent stability. Its accuracy to reproducibility ensures you to confirm the desired shade from time to time. Berger Color Bank has got unique Winvision software that helps you visualize color combinations on computer screen.
Color bank process chart 4
Berger Color Bank brings you new generation paint technology and a brand new way to buy it. Choose from an astounding range of 5000+ shades - pale to deep, bright to subdued - freshly mixed for you, in minutes right before your eyes. Innovative paint technology at its finest, Berger Color Bank is based on computerized paint technology . Formulated with the highest quality ingredients and superior eco-friendly UV resistant organic colorants, the shades are mixed in a state-of-the-art computerized machine that dispenses colorants with absolute accuracy to base paints. A thorough shake in a gyro-shaker ensures that the colorants are uniformly mixed to get the exact shade of your choice.
Berger Color Bank outlets are located countrywide. Berger currently has a network of over 2500 such counters. Drop in to the nearest you and experience the new way to shop for paints. Berger Color Bank now gives you the opportunity to paint your home. The elements of nature, which govern life, can be activated through specific colors. Attracting good things like fame, fortune, knowledge, and success and more in your life. The octagon shown inside indicates the designated position and significance of each elements and colors that activate them. Objectives of paint
Paint protects the surface from weathering effect of atmosphere. It prevents decay of wood and corrosion in metal. Gives good appearance to the surface. Surface becomes hygienically good, clean, colorful and attractive. 5
Characteristics of an ideal paint
The paint should be such that it can be easily and freely applied on the surface. It should possess a good spreading power. It should be covered by minimum quantity of the paint. The paints should be fairly cheap and economical. The paint should be such that it can be easily and freely applied on the surface. The paint should be such that it dries in reasonable time and not too rapidly. The paint should be such that its color is maintained for a long time. The paint should form a hard and durable surface. The paint should not affect health of workers during its application. The paint should not be affected by weathering actions of the atmosphere.
Types of paints There are various kinds paints used in practical life. They are:
Aluminium paint The very finely ground aluminium is suspended in either quick-drying or slow-drying oil varnish as per requirement the spirit or oil evaporates and a thin metallic film of aluminium is formed on the surface. The advantages of aluminium paint are as follows:
It is visible in darkness. It resists heat to a certain degree. The surfaces of iron and steel are better protected from corrosion by this paint than any other paint. It possesses a high covering capacity. A liter of paint can cover an area of about 200 m2. It gives good appearance to the surface.
Anticorrosive Paint This paint essentially consists of oil and a strong drier. A pigment such as chromium oxide or lead or red lead or zinc chrome is taken and after mixing it with some quantity of very fine sand, it is added to the paint. The advantages of as anticorrosive paint are as follows:
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1. It is cheap. 2. It lasts for a long duration. 3. The appearance of the paint is black.
SPD (Synthetic Plastic Distemper) SPD is a specially prepared advanced emulsion paint. Asbestos Paint 1. 2. 3. 4.
It is a long lasting and base resisting paint. It gives a good appearance to the wall. This paint gives a smooth surface finishing. Can be used for both interior and exterior purpose.
Bituminous Paint Paint with a high proportion of bitumen. ďƒ˜ Originally, the class of paints consisting essentially of natural bitumens dissolved in organic solvents. They may or may not contain softening agents, pigments, and inorganic fillers. They are usually black or dark in color. Within recent years, the term "bituminous" has, by common usage, come to include bitumen-like products such as petroleum asphalt. ďƒ˜ A low cost paint containing asphalt or coal tar, a thinner, and drying oils; used to waterproof concrete and to protect piping where bleeding of the asphalt is not a problem. ďƒ˜ Especially used for painting ironwork under water.
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Cement Paint Cement paint is an economical exterior wall finish and enhances the decoration of buildings. Cement paint consists of white cement, pigment, accelerators and other additives. It is resistant to fungus and algae and protects buildings from varying weather conditions. Benefits of cement paint 1.
Economical
2.
Better performance for outdoor protection and decoration.
3.
Available in various colors and can match up with any shade.
4.
Has matt finish, an inexpensive way to cover large areas such as cellars and garages.
Maintains good look for many years despite exposure to worse environments. 6. No chance of drying it up since its available in powder form which is mixed into water before application. 5.
Emulsion Paint It contains binding materials such as polyvinyl acetate, synthetic resins. This paint is easy to apply. It dries very quickly (within 1 hour). It’s color retained for a long period. Surface of paint is rough and can be washed easily with water.
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Enamel Paint It contains White Lead, Oil, Petroleum spirit and resinous matter. It dries very slowly. Forms a hard and durable surface. The painted surface does not affected by Acids, Alkalies, Fumes of Gas, Hot or Cold water , steam etc.
Hammer Paint Hammer paint is a special lacquer with a surface that looks like hammered metal when dried. The slightly iridescent areas are caused by the different orientation of very small shiny particles which are suspended in the lacquer. These particles are often made of the mineral mica. Mica is chemically inactive and very resistant. Hammer paint is often used to beautify technical apparatus and not so commonly as a protective coating. The optical advantage of hammer paint is that surfaces look acceptable even if the underlying surface is not flat and smooth. To get a regular paint to look smooth the surface would have to be prepared first, for example by spackling, sanding, grinding or polishing. With hammer paint, this step can be omitted.
Beyond that, the resistance of the mica improves the durability of the paint job. The mica reduces aging by protecting the underlying binders from UV radiation. The mica also makes hammer paint relatively hard and scratch resistant.
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Red-oxide Paint It is a solvent borne protective gloss finish formulated for use on most wood and metal surfaces internally and externally. It provides long term protection and helps prevent rust. It is easy to apply by brush or roller which after use clean up easily with white spirit.
Properties It is a solvent borne protective gloss finish formulated for use on most wood and metal surfaces internally and externally. It provides long term protection and helps prevent rust. It is easy to apply by brush or roller which after use clean up easily with white spirit. Types of eco-friendly paint: (Green Paint) There are many different kinds of eco-friendly paint you can use for your home.
Clay Paint Clay paint is one of the most commonly used natural paints. Clay paint is made from earth-based minerals and it's solvent is made from mostly water. If you are looking for an earthly look for your home, clay paint is a good choice. Lime wash Lime wash is another great eco-friendly paint product. Lime wash is made from calcium based minerals and is combined with water to make a simple natural paint. Lime wash is a paint that can be used for indoors and outdoors, however, it can only be used with materials such as brick, wood, plaster and concrete. Milk paint Milk paint has protein in it called Casien. When Casien is separated from the milk, and mixed with clay and water and powder, it forms a thick eco-friendly paint. Milk paint is intended for use as an interior paint.
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BUYING A PAINT Following Objects can be used to focus in on the needs of painting project: 1. Types of exterior surfaces: What types of exterior surfaces do you plan to paint? There are many types of exterior surfaces that might need to be painted.Those are brick, cement blocks, metal surfaces such as railings and gutters,clapboard, cedar, and paneled wood products 2. Previous coats of oil paint: Are they chalky or layered with previous coats of oil paint? 3. Types of painting objects: Are you painting bare wood, metal or concrete? 4. The surface requirement: Does the surface require frequent cleaning or have imperfections? Correct surface quality is essential to obtain adhesion of epoxy based paints. Abrasive blasting will produce a suitable surface profie.
Leading Paint Companies of Bangladesh
Berger Asian Paint Elite Pailac Roxy
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Detail Information Of Various Paint Companies Name of Companies Berger paint
Types of company
Date of Establishment 1960
Other information
Pailac paint
National company
1982
Their quality to always promote new technology in paint.
Asian paint
International Private company
2002
Decorative paints. Interior wall paints. Exterior wall paint . Wood surface paints. Metals surface paints. Industrial coating. Protective coatings. Floor coatings Road markings. Automotive. Body coatings Plastic coatings. Ancillaries. Brands:
Elite paint
National company
1952
Roxy paint
National company
1953
Almost 80 to 85 percent of the products are for decorative use and that can be used for interior or exterior purpose. Wide range of paints and varnishes that include distemper, interior paint, exterior paint, sealer and primers Synthetic enamel paint and marine paint are of oil based group. Hammer, epoxy, chloro-rubber paint, road and runway marking paint, tennis court paint are of industrial segment.
International Private company
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The product range includes specialized outdoor paints to • Decorative • Industrial • Marine • Powder Coating • Adhesive • Textile Products • Auto Refinish • Wood Coating • Pre Treatment Chemical • Brush & Rollers
Merket Surveying Specific Quantity of paints: In market paints are generally sold in three kinds of volume packet
18.2 Litre 3.64 litre .91 litre 40 kg 20 kg
MARKET SURVEY OF VARIOUS PAINTS
SER
1
2
3
4
5
6
Type of
Pack
Paints
size(ltr)
Price Rate (in TK)
BERGER ASIAN
ROXY
ELITE
PAILAK
Aluminium 3.64
946.40
865.00
845.00
920.00
850.95
paints
.91
245.00
220.00
210.00
238.00
218.55
Cement
40 kg
2980.00
2480.00
2350.00
2950.00
2410.00
paint
20 kg
1500.00
1380.00
1300.00
1580.00
1320.00
5 kg
390.00
370.00
350.00
450.00
360.00
Emulsion
18.2
4150.00
3650.00
3630.00
4100.00
3627.00
paint
3.64
875.00
750.00
745.00
860.00
762.00
.91
232.00
195.00
200.00
230.00
204.00
Enamel
18.2
4865.00
4320.00
4290.00
4850.00
4240.00
paint
3.64
1005.00
870.00
860.00
990.00
874.00
.91
265.00
230.00
225.00
260.00
232.00
Plastic
18.2
3665.00
3550.00
3450.00
3650.00
3410.00
paint
3.64
810.00
780.00
740.00
790.00
730.00
.91
220.00
200.00
190.00
210.00
200.00
Red-oxide
18.2
3100.00
2910.00
2870.00
3150.00
2724.00
paint
3.64
645.00
590.00
565.00
610.00
562.65
13
7
Hammer
.91
175.00
140.00
132.00
160.00
138.00
3.64
710.00
_
670.00
705.00
677.86
.91
245.00
_
230.00
240.00
232.50
18.2
1905.00
1620.00
1600.00
1680.00
1650.00
3.64
397.00
350.00
340.00
335.00
342.00
.91
110.00
105.00
100.00
90.00
85.00
paint
8
SPD
Graphical price representation of Paints
300 250 200 150
Barger
100
Asian
50
Roxy
0
Elite Pailac
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What is Varnish? Varnishes are clear unpigmented coatings, made by dissolving a resin or the reaction products of a resin and a drying oil in a suitable solvent. Drying takes place either by evaporation of solvent or by chemical reaction. The purposes served by the use of varnish are quite obvious. First, it is needed to protect surfaces from moisture which will warp, swell and raise the grain of the wood and from gases ever present in the air which discolor wood not protected. Varnish also protects stained colors from light and air which fade them, especially the oil and spirit anilines which must be covered immediately if they are to hold their color a reasonable length of time. Varnish protects wood from wear by surface abrasion to some extent. Decoration produced by varnishes is just as important a purpose served as the protection of the wood, decoration in the form of beautiful polished gloss or the alluring charm of the dull luster finishes. Varnish increases and enhances the brilliancy of colors as well as to preserve them from fading.
Properties Of Good Varnish
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
It should make the surface glossy. It should dry rapidly. It should impart the finished surface uniform colour and pleasing appearance. It should not hide the natural grains of the surface. Varnish should not shrink or show cracks after drying. The thin film of varnish should be tough, hard, and durable. The natural colour of the varnish should not fade away when surface is exposed to atmospheric actions.
Constituents of a Varnish 1. Resins or resinous materials 2. Driers. 3. Solvents.
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Types of Varnishes 1. Oil Based Varnish. 2. Spirit varnish. 3. Turpentine varnish. 4. Asphalt varnish. 5. Spar-varnish. 6. Flat varnish. 7. All Purpose Varnishes 8. Floor Varnish 9. Architectural Varnishes 10. Spray Varnish Oil Based Varnish • • • •
The oil varnishes also re-classified, according to the proportion of oils to gums, as longoil, medium-oil and short-oil varnishes. The short-oil varnishes are made -with a proportion of about 4 to 6 gallons of oil to 100 pounds of gum. In this class are the furniture, rubbing, piano and polishing varnishes. They are very hard when dry, have a high gloss and dry quickly. The medium-oil varnishes are made with from 12 to 30 gallons of oil to 100 pounds of gums. They are the interior and architectural varnishes such as cabinet and floor varnishes. These are hard, have good gloss and are durable to a considerable degree. The long-oil varnishes were originally designed for exterior surfaces, and of course durability is the principal requirement for this class.
Spirit Varnishes. These are solutions of gum resins, like dammar and lac, in volatile liquids such as turpentine, mineral spirits, alcohol, benzole, etc., produced commonly with and without the application of heat. Shellac is the best known of the spirit varnishes. Dammar resin is the exudation of certain trees while lac from which shellac is produced is the result of the action of certain insects on trees.
Turpentine varnish There are only two materials required to make terpene (or turpentine) varnish. These are linseed oil and gum turpentine.The varnish is generally made from: • • •
100 grams terpene resin 150 cc cooked linseed oil 250 cc thin oxidized turpentine 16
Spar varnish. All wood surfaces exposed to the sun should be covered with spar varnish if they are to be varnished rather than painted. Spar is a long-oil varnish, which means that it contains a much larger proportion of oil to its gum resin content than other varnishes. Spar is dark in color, does not dry rapidly, is very elastic and retains this quality for a very long time, has only a moderate gloss and is very durable. It must meet the following requirements • • • • • • • • • •
Appearance - Clear and transparent. Color - Not darker than a solution of 3 g. of potassium dichromate in 100 cc of pure sulphuric acid, specific gravity 1.84. Flash Point - (Closed cup) not below 30 degrees C (85 degrees F). Non-volatile Matter - Not less than 40 per cent by weight. Set to Touch - In not more than 5 hours. Dry, Hard and Tough - In not more than 24 hours. Working Properties - Varnish must have good brushing, flowing, covering and leveling properties. Safety of Working - Varnish must pass the draft test. Water Resistance - Dried film must withstand cold water for 18 hours and boiling water for 15 minutes without whitening or dulling. Toughness - Varnish must pass a 50 per cent Kauri reduction test at 24 degrees C. (75 degrees F).
Asphaltum Varnishes. Asphalt, also known as asphaltum, is used in varnish form as a resist for acid etching, blacking for wrought iron or as a dark varnish and sealant for wood. This is not considered a resin varnish. Asphaltum is a natural product, also called bitumen, found in many places the world over, Syria, Cuba, Trinidad, Utah, Albania, and Barbados. Pure asphaltum from Utah is called Gilsonite while the bituminous limestone found in Texas is known as litho-carbon. Asphaltum is a constituent of both limestone and petroleum. It is insoluble in water and alcohol but may be dissolved readily with turpentine and naphtha.
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Flat Varnishes An interior varnish which dries with a dull lustre, rather than high gloss as usual, resembling the appearance of a hand-rubbed gloss varnish. Flatting varnishes are made on many formulas, most of which include the use of wax of one kind or another. There are a number of formulas by which finishers mix flat varnish. In an emergency when a small amount of flat varnish is needed for a surface which is not likely to be refinished in the future the finisher can mix a flat-drying varnish in this manner: 4 ounces pure beeswax, dissolved in 1 quart of turpentine, 1 gallon of varnish. All Purpose Varnishes This is a class name which refers to all varnishes which are used for interior building purposes, such as floor varnish, cabinet, coach, interior spar etc.
Architectural Varnishes. This is a class name which refers to all varnishes which are used for interior building purposes, such as floor varnish, cabinet, coach, interior spar etc. Floor Varnish Medium-oil varnish which has many of the qualities of spar varnish. Floor varnishes must resist a moderate use of cleaning water and they must be able to carry the weight load of heavy pieces of furniture as no brittle varnish will do. Floor varnish is used principally for floors, but it is also suitable for interior trim generally when the color is not too dark for the finish wanted. It makes the very best kind of wall size when thinned down with turpentine and when a little of the paint is mixed in with it. Spray Varnish Varnishes of many classes which are simply mixed a little thinner than brushing varnishes in order that they may be applied with spray guns. Any good wood varnish, however, when thinned a little with turpentine or benzine, whichever is best for the particular varnish being used, is suitable for spraying.
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French Polish
It is nothing but a spirit varnish. It is prepared by dissolving 150 gms of pure shellac in one litre of methylated spirit. The solution thus prepared is screened through a very fine cloth. If any specific shade is desired in the varnish, it can be obtained by adding suitable pigment in it. Furniture Polish Furniture polish is generally prepared by : – – – – – – –
Copal varnish 0.50 liter Methylated spirit 1.0 Liter Linseed Oil 9.0 liter Turpentine 0.5 liter Muriatic Acid(HCl) 30 liter Vinegar 0.5 liter In preparation of this varnish, linseed oil is heated first and then all other ingredients added into it and mixed thoroughly.
Market Survey for various types of Varnishes Market survey was carried out in various shops in mirpur and framgate area. The price ranges of various types of varnishes and the comparative study of various items of varnishes are shown below.
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Price list for various types of Varnishes Ser
1
Type of
Pack
Company
Price Rate (in TK)
Varnishes
Size
Synthetic Clear
1 liter
Barger
225.00
Varnishes 2
Varnishes Matt
1 Liter
Elite
380.00
3
Varnishes Egg Shell
1 liter
Elite
345.00
4
Varnishes Timber Guard
1 liter
Elite
268.00
5
Varnishes Yacht
1 liter
Elite
350.00
6
Epoxy paint clear varnishes
1 liter
Pailac
488.00
COMPARATIVE STUDY
Ser
Type of
Pack
Varnishes
Size
1
Synthetic Clear Varnishes
2
3
Price Rate (in TK) BERGER
ASIAN
ROXY
ROMANA
ELITE
PAILAC
1 liter
225.00
215.00
132.00
134.00
206.00
200.00
Copal Varnishes
1 Kg
138.00
112.00
86.00
105.00
122.00
118.00
Thinner Varnishes
1 liter
110.00
93.00
68.00
66.00
110.00
98.00
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PROCESS OF PAINTING INTERIOR WALLS PRE-PAINTING
SURFACE PREPARATION
Allow newly plastered surfaces to mature for a period of at least 6 months after the application of a coat of lime ash to ensure thorough drying of plaster. Remove loose particles and paint flakes. Scrape with sandpaper to ensure that the surface is dry and free from dust, dirt or grease. Previous coatings of lime wash or powder distemper or cement paint must be thoroughly scraped off. Earlier coatings of oil or synthetic emulsion paints, if in good condition, need not be removed. However, the gloss or sheen of such coating must be removed by thorough sanding. Cracked or flaked paint must also be completely removed. Fungus affected areas need to be given a separate treatment. Make a 5-10 % solution of bleach powder in water and apply on affected areas with brush or sponge. Wash the walls with clean water after an interval of 8-10 hours. Allow the surface to dry sufficiently.
PAINTING
Apply a coat of wall primer. Use Decoprime Wall Primer (solvent thinnable) on absorbent surfaces and use Decoprime Wall Primer (water thinnable) on new surfaces. Fill and level the minor undulations of wall by applying putty. For best results, use Asian Paints Acrylic Wall Putty. In case of major undulations on the wall surface, POP (Plaster of Paris) work needs to be carried out. Ensure that the surface is uniformly smooth by sanding after POP or putty work. One liberal coat of Decoprime Wall Primer (solvent thinned or water thinned) is recommended on puttied areas before the application of top coat. The primer should be allowed to dry for 10 - 12 hours. If the primer coat is not applied over the puttied areas, there can be a patchy appearance of the top coat.
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Avoid application of putty or filling compound while painting exterior surfaces. Fill up cracks with a 1:3 (by volume) cement and sand mixture. All external drainage pipes must be checked for rusting or leakage. Any faulty plumbing must be rectified Special attention must be given to the roof. Check for cracks near the edges and close to the water reservoirs. Proper masonry or waterproofing work on the ceiling will enhance the performance of the paint.
EXTERIOR WALLS PRE-PAINTING
For exterior surfaces it is very important to undertake repairs of any wall imperfections before commencing painting. The most common problem with exterior walls specially old constructions is cracks in the wall. Avoid applying putty or filling compound while painting exterior surfaces. Fill up cracks with a 1:3 cement and sand mixture. All external drainage pipes must be checked for rusting or leakage. Any faulty plumbing must be rectified. Special attention must be given to the roof. Check for cracks near the edges and close to the water reservoirs. Proper masonry or waterproofing work on the ceiling will enhance the performance of the painted surfaces. SURFACE PREPARATION
Newly plastered surfaces must be allowed to cure for at least 35 to 45 days before painting. To ensure long protection, the surface to be painted should be free from dust, grease and any loose materials. Remove any fungus and algae growth thoroughly by brushing it vigorously with wire brush and then cleaning it with bleaching powder solution in water (dissolve 10% bleaching powder in 1 litre of water, filter the solution and apply with a brush or sponge). This treatment should be done with greater care on the top of the awnings, sunshades, parapets and other horizontal surfaces where water is likely to accumulate during monsoon. Previously oil painted surfaces, should be sanded thoroughly to remove loose particles and made dull and matt for better adhesion. Exterior rough surfaces, previously coated with cement paint, should be wire brushed and washed with water thoroughly and dried completely. Before painting, ensure that the surface is free from chalking.
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The exterior surface should not be affected by water and constant dampness should be avoided . If you are painting during the rains allow for 2-3 days of total sunshine for the surface to dry out completely and before commencing painting.
PAINTING
Apply a liberal coat of Asian Paints Exterior Wall Primer using recommended method. Apply two coats of top coat paint at recommended dilution. You can use Apex Weather Proof Exterior Emulsion or Apex Textured Exterior Emulsion or Ace Exterior Emulsion as top coat. A gap of 4 to 6 hours must be given between two coats. It is recommended that horizontal surfaces like the tops of awnings and Parapets must be given an additional coat for greater protection.
METAL SURFACES PRE-PAINTING
Surface should be free from dirt, dust, grease, rust, moisture etc. The area which is not to be painted must be covered by a masking tape, paper and/or cloth. SURFACE PREPARATION
De-grease and de-rust ferrous metal substrates by suitable treatment. For nonferrous metal substrates like Aluminium as well as Galvanised Iron, Tin etc pretreat the surface with Apconyl Wash Primer -WP 636. For ferrous metal substrates apply AP Metal Primer - Corrosion Resistant either by brushing or spraying. If necessary, the use of AP Knifing Paste Filler is recommended to fill up dents and rectify surface imperfections. Ensure that the surface is free from moisture and loose matter. Apply one more coat of AP Metal Primer- corrosion resistant by brushing or spraying to cover puttied areas. For best results, allow the primer coat to dry for 6 hours and dry sand with emery paper no. 320 before application of subsequent coat.
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PAINTING
Allow the surface to dry overnight after application of primer as above. Apply top coat (Apcolite Premium Gloss Enamel or Apcolite Premium Satin Enamel, Gattu Synthetic Enamel ) using the recommended thinner. For best results, apply two coats allowing 8 hours of drying time between two coats. The first coat should be wet sanded with waterproof emery paper grade 400 before applying the second coat.
WOODEN SURFACES SURFACE PREPARATION
Previously painted wooden surfaces must be properly sanded to remove any dust or grease. Apply wood primer by brush, after thinning to given ratio by recommended thinner. Allow it to dry for 6-8 hr then apply putty or Lambi . Sand the applied putty with number 180 sand paper and then apply second coat of wood primer. Now the wooden surface is ready for painting with the top coat
PAINTING
For opaque finish you can choose conventional enamels (Apcolite Premium Gloss Enamel, Apcolite Premium Satin Enamel or Gattu Synthetic Enamel). Apply wood primer by brush, after thinning to given ratio by recommended thinner. Allow it to dry for 6-8 hr then apply putty or Lambi. Sand the applied putty with 180 no. sand paper & apply 2nd coat of wood primer. Now the wooden surface is ready for painting with the top coat
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Enamels are normally applied by brushing although they can also be sprayed. The drying time of enamels is longer; hence care must be taken to ensure a dust free environment while the paint film is drying. Two coats of paint is sufficient in most cases, however if the earlier paint shade was significantly darker than the new shade an additional coat of paint is recommended.
Deffects of paint 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Blisting Efflorescence Fading Flacking 5.Flashing
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Grinning Running Sagging Saponification Wrinkling
Blisting
Fading
Efflorescence
Flacking
Wrinkling
Sagging
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Remedies Blistaring If blisters do not go all the way down to the substrate: Remove blisters by scraping, and sanding, and repaint with a quality acrylic latex interior paint. Wrinkling Avoid applying too much paint. Make sure no paint accumulates around bolts, rivets, etc. Wait until each coat dries before you re-coat. Sagging Check and repair water seepage. Ensure walls are dry before painting. Use an alkali-resistant basecoat or sealer. Patch surface defects with putty Efflorescence Give a long time gap between plastering and painting (about 6 months including one monsoon) Use paint with a porous film like emulsions and distempers. How to remove paint There are many ways that paint can be recycled•
Reusable paints of the same color are pumped into a tank where the material is mixed and tested.
•
The paint is adjusted with additives and colorants as necessary.
•
Finally, the paint is fine filtered and packaged for sale.
Non-reusable paint can be made into a product used in cement manufacturing Recycling one Gallon of Paint could save 13 gallons of Water.
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Compitability Among Three Major Paints In Bangladesh Ser 1 2 3
4 5
6
7 8 9
10
Type of paints
Pack Size
Price Rate (in TK) BERGER ASIAN
ELITE
Synthetic Enamel Plastic Emulsion Synthetic Paste Distemper
1 liter
270.00
268.00
268.00
1 liter
240.00
233.00
215.00
1 liter
110.00
108.00
105.00
Aluminum Paint Red Led Primer
1 liter
270.50
265.00
252.50
1 liter
177.00
175.00
167.58
Weather proof coat Luxary Silk Epoxy Paint Hammer finish Paint Wall Putty
1 liter
176.00
160.00
167.00
1 liter
288.00
285.00
275.00
1 liter
89.00
98.00
90.00
1 liter
211.50
203.00
200.50
1 kg
63.00
65.00
70.00
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Popularity Paint industry can be segmented into — Industrial and Decorative. The decorative paints account for approximately 75% of the total sales with Asian Paints being the market leader. This segment caters to the housing sector. It is price sensitive and is a higher margin business as compared to industrial segment as it is used in protecting valuable assets. Urbanization has surged the demand for decorative paints. Easy availability of housing loan, rise in the level of income and shift in the perception of paints as having a protective value rather than mere decorative one, have been a few factors that have impacted the housing and thereby the paint industry positively. There is also seasonality involved in the demand for decorative paints with demand at its peak around festive time. Industrial paints cater to the Automobile Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) for protection against corrosion and rust on steel structures, vehicles, white goods and appliances. With production and sales of passenger cars expected to grow, demand for automotive paints will continue to remain healthy. Kansai Nerolac is the market leader in this segment. The industrial paints segment is far more technology intensive than the decorative segment. Globally, the industrial paints segment accounts for a major share but over the next few years, the ratio of industrial paints to decorative paints is expected to be 50:50, more in line with the global trend. This industry is raw material intensive. As most of the raw materials are petroleum based, the industry benefits from softening of crude prices.
In the December quarter, Asian Paints Ltd’s domestic paint sales rose by 26.5%, while Berger Paints Ltd’s sales rose by 18.7%.
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Graphical Representation of Sales Per Month (According To Various Paint Store)
Sales 26% Berger
4%
58%
12%
Asian Elite Others
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Estimation For a 20’*15’*10’ Room Length=20 ft Width=15 ft & Height=10 ft
PLACE
PERIMETERS
TOTAL
Perimeter Of A Wall
20+15+20+15
70 sq ft
4 Wall
70*10
700 sq ft
Roof
20*15
300 sq ft
Roof + Walls
700+300
1000 sq ft
Doors (Two) Windows (Two)
2*8*4 2*5*4
64 sq ft 40 sq ft
Required Area
1000-104
896 sq ft
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Paint Calculator Paint Calculator is an important tool. Barger, Asian and some other paints has paint calculator provided in their website. One can calculate the cost of paint using this tool very easily. Some examples are given below; Barger Paint Calculator Using Barger paint calculator some of the paint calculation has been done in the internet. The summary of the calculation is given below. For Exterior Painting: # Type Of Surface : Concrete Size of the building: Length-40’, Width-30’, Height-40’ # Amount of area to be painted: 5600 sqft. The paint used: Weather Coat from Barger The Cost of Paint: 19600 tk. # Amount of area to be painted: 5600 sqft. The paint used: Durocem from Barger The Cost of Paint: 6100 tk.
For Interior Painting: # Type of Surface: Concrete/Ceramic Brick. Size of the Room: Length-15’, Width-12’, Height-10’ Amount of area to be painted: 180 sqft. The paint used: Robbialac Acrylic Plastic Emulsion The Cost of Paint: 486 tk. # Amount of area to be painted: 180 sqft. The paint used: Luxury Silk Emulsion The Cost of Paint: 936 tk. 31
# Amount of area to be painted: 180 sqft. The paint used: Robbialac Acrylic Distemper SPD The Cost of Paint: 288 tk.
Type of Surface: Metal/ Wood/ Bamboo Amount of area to be painted: 180 sqft. The paint used: Robbialac Synthetic Enamel The Cost of Paint: 630 tk. Amount of area to be painted: 180 sqft. The paint used: Jhilik Synthetic Enamel The Cost of Paint: 540 tk.
Conclusion:
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SUPPLEMETARY DOCUMENTS A. Barger Blue Book. B. Price List of Various company. c. Vocher of some store.
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