Portfolio

2019 - 2022

In the last ten years, I have delved into a wide range of topics in pursuit of understanding humanity and enhancing the quality of life.

From exploring the study of sociology to the discoveries of neuroscience, I have sought to gain insight into the complex and fascinating nature of the human experience. With this knowledge, I have then been able to analyze how society and individuals interact, providing an evidence-based approach to making positive changes. I am cognizant of the fact that many of the problems we face today are, in part, rooted in our social structures. Thus, my research and work have been geared toward finding solutions to those issues, with a focus on overall well-being and the improvement of people's lives.

I have held several different roles throughout my career, such as an intern at a pharmacists' organization, an inventor of a pattern recognition system for crime prevention patent, a certified Smart City professional with the government, a curator of a colorblind exhibition, and a creator of a VR game that portrays the perspective of someone with Mental Illness.

With the goal of enhancing people's lives, my capacity to communicate effectively, develop inventive solutions, and evaluate problems from an analytical viewpoint were all tested by such various responsibilities. These challenges have been indispensable in my personal growth and have ultimately directed me to pursuit design engineering.

For a few years now, my explorations in designs and technologies varied from: MEDIUMS such as physical, digital, system and sound

INDUSTRIES of mobility, travel, health, education, sustainability, security and metaverse PROJECTS include software, social installations, systems, small objects, and public devices ROLES of artist, advisor, designer, engineer, facilitator and researcher

I have actively engaged in projects that delve into the human effects of technology, in addition to the ethical questions and duties. My goal is to design the infrastructure and services that will increase the productivity and cost-efficiency of the systems while still accommodating the requirements of users. Moreover, I aim to work towards sustainability by reducing the evironmental environmental impact.

This portfolio contains projects that demonstrate the influences and research I take into account when making decisions. My work is impacted by a number of sources, such as investigating user behavior and design trends, participating in workshops and conferences, and learning from mentors. In addition, I prioritize maintaining an iterative development process and regularly test my design decisions with user feedback.

*In consideration of the signed Non-Disclosure Agreements, I decided to exclude a substantial portion of my professional work.

#Safety #No_Code #Industrial_Worksite

Collaborators Virnect Product Team

Industry Manufacturing, Construction, Extended Reality

Role UX Research, UX Design, Interaction Design

VIRNECT Make is an XR content creator software that enables no-code, fast and stable creation of XR content. This allows industrial knowledge and operation manuals to be transformed into immersive, engaging experiences.

VIRNECT View is a program designed to visualize XR content produced with the VIRNECT Make tool. It allows for remote access to XR content at any time, on any device, which boosts work productivity and enables onsite reporting.

Augmentation provides the user with quick and easy access to the data of installations, resulting in a deeper understanding of the tasks. This, in turn, improves safety, efficiency, and accuracy for industrial workers.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the project is to enhance safety, efficiency, and precision in workplaces such as infrastructure, manufacturing, and construction.

The goal is:

• To build a user-friendly XR content creator so that the users can easily create content without programming skills.

• To adapt the XR content to match the intended visualization device while keeping the XR material device-agnostic

• To provide an interface accessible to those workers without sophisticated technical knowledge, enabling them to use the technology securely and comfortably.

Problem

Infrastructure/ Resource Manufacturing/ Construction

The declining efficiency of the infrastructure/Resource industry is due to the complexity of its facilities and data issues. The deeply buried facilities, in addition to the intricate connections between them, make it difficult to identify the site. Additionally, recruiting personnel with the necessary skills and knowledge to work on the project sites is a common issue.

Challenges

Low productivity and quality caused by unskilled workers

Repetitive and time-consuming site verification process

Wasting time and costs when experiencing difficulties

Overly-complicated facilities and difficult work guidelines

Reviewing safety management and disaster prevention

Manufacturing/Construction project site suffers from various workplace accidents, risks to workers, and problems in the manufacturing process may occur originating from work procedure errors and construction defects. These cause financial loss, including undermined productivity and tarnished corporate image

Solutions

Increased productivity and quality by minimizing errors

Reducing costs by shortening lead time

Stable operation and improved safety management

Clear instructions and readily-available manuals

Education and safety management solutions

Process

I participated as a UX designer of the VIRNECT Make and View development team. Our team consisted of UX designers, project managers, and engineers.

of assembly process

Decreased by 35%

Decreased by 96%

Research

I worked together with field workers, construction companies, and infrastructure companies to create a product that would allow users to get the full picture of the work and understand all the details in 3D.

Our team tried to provide an easy-to-use and accessible interface that would be secure and comfortable to use even for those with limited technical knowledge.

Information Architecture

VIRNECT System

STEP 2. View my tasks

STEP 1. Run the app Check task information

STEP 5. Report Task

STEP 3. Scan on the site

On-site worker

Product Output

More accessible,has more functions, and is more scalable than competitors. View an entire library over a single target. Choose and view content in AR or VR. Make your content available only to a specific group of users Customize content, display company information, and log in with the company credentials

No-code, simple XR content creator Include resources such as image, voice, and 3D guidelines.

Click, drag, and drop.

Resource bundling to create a convenient asset library and simplify content production.

Displays I0T and other customer system data Compatible with Android, Realwear, and HoloLens. Compatible with different targets as QR code, V-target, no target.

Export XR content through QR

VIRNECT Make

XR content creation using various targets

Create content for different AR targets, such as QR codes and images, or to be displayed on any surface.

On-site reporting

Assign tasks and receive feedback through AR content. Facility inspection and maintenance reports are stored and available for managers in real-time.

VIRNECT View

Available for multiple devices

Access content from the device that fits your needs.

Device optimization

Preview and optimize material for different screens to create AR content that leverages the pros of the device of choice.

Interactions

Set custom reactions on buttons and create interaction content.

Real-Time data feed in graphs and tables.

Create XR graphs or tables based on real-time data (OPC UA, SQL Quarry, or TCP/IP) to deliver complex information clearly and efficiently.

Animation

Add animations to different objects to make content more transparent and engaging. Communicate the direction and speed of the objects' movement accurately. Moving AR objects will enhance the concentration of the workers and contribute to an intuitive understanding ofthe tasks.

Tasks assignments and progress reporting

Check a list of assigned tasks by workers to be performed with AR assistance. Control the progress and revisit feedback from previous reports.

Task reporting history

Report task progress with text and images while viewing the content from the field. The data is stored in the cloud for managers' analysis.

Third Party Implementations

On-premise customers can access content that shows real-time information over AR. Allowing workers to visualize the details of the industrial process as it goes.

Field-optimized

visual content

Access contents under any situation, even if there is no internet connection

On-premise customers can alert managers of real-time emergency locations for immediate support.

Smart Manufacturing Innovation Center

AR-based visualization of IoT sensor information

- Increased understanding about the structure of a demo factory via visual information

- Increased efficiency of the on-site management of factory information

Korea Electric Power Corporation

A visual application for wiring design

- Enabled a fast and precise wiring through AR-based visualization

- The XR guide is expected to increase workers’ efficiency

System+Digital design for safer and efficient treatment

Industry Healthcare

Role Research, System Design, UX/UI Design

Enhance is an AI-powered healthcare system that links patients to hospitals to reduce the cumbersome registration process, offer accurate diagnoses and provide safer treatments. This makes it possible to offer more precise, secure, and tailored treatments to each individual. The collection of large amounts of data on diagnosis an treatment will also contribute to the advancement of medicine in the future. This system assesses and gathers dispersed data, benefiting physicians and patients.

My portfolio work was the first version created over a six-week period in 2020.

In 2022, I developed and implemented this project in the current state of the Smart City system in South Korea, and I was awarded first place in the National Smart City Challenge

OBJECTIVE

This project aims at enhancing the patient’s experience in the hospital by getting safe, accurate, and qualitative treatment in a minimum amount of time.

The goal of this platform is:

1. To make more accurate diagnoses and give safer treatments.

2. To minimize time in hospital by simplifying the redundant process.

3. To efficiently organize medical records.

Accurate Diagnosis

AI will analyze patients' symptoms and conditions with your history for a more accurate diagnosis.

Minimize Waiting Time

Simplify the documentation process by managing all your documents, histories, and information at one system

Check estimate waiting time of your closest hospitals and reserve to send your documents and symptoms.

Minimize Diagonsis Error

AI will analyze patients' medical history, drug interaction with your current medication and recommend treatments so that you can receive a safer treatment.

Safer Treatment

AI will analyze patients' medical history and filter hazardous treatment so that you can receive a safer treatment.

Manage Records

Select your medical history you want to share with the doctor, and hide those of which you would not.

Problem

30 + Survey

To uncover challenges faced by users in healthcare, I conducted a survey regarding their experiences with getting ill unexpectedly, dealing with any underlying disease, and searching for hospitals or while at the hospital. The responses revealed a broad range of frustrations within the healthcare system. After analyzing the feedback, I decided to focus my research on the difficulties caused in urgent care.

experienced more than an hour of waiting time in Urgent care.

100% 64% 8% 56%

know that they have an allergy in medication but is unsure of the name.

Focus Group & Interview

experienced more than two hours waiting time in Urgent care.

24%

experienced an allergic reaction from the treatment which doctor diagnosed.

goes to urgent care more often than primary care.

Focusing on Urgent care, I ran a focus group discussion with individuals who had gone through Urgent care in the past three years. The discussion lasted for 40 minutes, and I took notes about the people exchanging their views on their experience with urgent care.

I designed an interview guide and held a semi-structured informal interview via video call with primary care doctors and patients who have expertise in urgent care or commonly see primary doctors. The meeting was conducted on Google Meet, and the interview lasted approximately30 minutes each. The interview was advantageous for understanding my users better.

24, Female, Patient

Hospital experience in the States is horrible. They make you wait hours. I once waited 8 hours just to see the doctor in urgent care.

Secondary Research

21, Male, Patient

When you are keep changing you medication with your doctor, it's hard to keep track of what medication you are on.

46, Male, Phsician

I hope my patients tell me when they see urgent care between our meetings. It's hard to ask the patient if they have, but if I don't ask, they don't mention it.

In my main examination, I delved into the frustrations and satisfactions of both doctors and patients, uncovering the impacts of third-party interferences, chronic health conditions in America, the significance of waiting time, the consequences of drug interactions, and more. This research enabled me to gain an in-depth understanding of the issue.

1/3

cases of patients dying within 24 of an emergency room visit are determined to be preventable.

70%

primary care doctors said they were not notified when a patient is seen in an emergency department or discharged from the hospital.

Current Diagnostic Process

where errors in diagnosing and treatments come from

Third party interference slows down the practice of medicine for doctors.

Problem Statement

Referral and consulation

Physical exam

Clinical history and interview Diagnostic testing

The explanation of the health problem that is communicated to the patient InformationIntegration & Interpretation sisongaiDgnikroW

The planned path of care based on the diagnosis

Time Consuming High Demand by No Choice Lack of Information

About half of all adults in the US (approximately 117 million people) have one or more chronic health conditions(these are responsible for 70% of deaths each year)

Interactions between drugs will lead to serious adverse effects or will reduce the therapeutic effect of some compounds

Ideation

Frustrations

Opportunities

Main Frustrations

Primary Goal

How might we provide patients to get qualitative help with minimum waiting time.

User Segments

Primary User Segment

Patients who have to receive a fast treatment in urgent care.

Secondary User Segments

• • •

Urgent care doctors

Primary care doctors

Patients who went to several different hospitals or goes to the emergency department a lot.

Macro Journey Map

User Persona, Micro Journey Map

Matthias is a travel journalist who has been diagnosed with leukopenia. As he embarks on trips from the west coast to the east, he may find himself in need of a local doctor at an urgent care center to explain his medical condition and symptoms.

"

Goals

• • Receive qualitative treatments while traveling. Free from redundant paper work. Lower waiting time in urgent care. Do not have to explain to his primary doctor about all the treatments he has received during traveling.

Urgent care waiting times are too long. Explaining my medical state all over again is inconvenient.

Aya is an urgent care physician. When she sees a new patient, it's hard for her to diagnose the exact illness in a limited amount of time unless she goes through various tests which is time consuming. Only a limited amount of information about the patient is provided.

Goals

• •

• •

Receive medical information about the patient for more accurate diagnose. Able to identify and provide safe treatment to individuals.

“ I want to receive detailed information of the patient without going through redundant tests.”

Prioritization Matrix

KEY OPPORTUNITIES

Flow Sketch

Sketches

Setting a basic flow of the system

Creating a wireframe of the onboarding process

Prioritizing time, accuracy, safety, cost, and convenience

Ideating essential functions and the system

Conceptualizing the types of diagnosis and treatments the AI would offer

Experimenting with the color scheme

Identifying the impact

Sketching important functions

5 Open Card Sorting

After I gave a brief explanation of my project's concept and objectives, I provided the users with 15 minutes on Miro to divide their features between categories. I also informed them that they could duplicate, delete, and create cards as they saw fit to allow them more flexibility.

Information Architecture & Tree Testing

User Flow

User Feedback

What's the point of the kiosk being so robust? Could be just a check-in system and app connects directly with doctor-side network."

Initial Prototype

Why not just number of people in queue instead of viewing patient order?

Sys-admin & Persistent Log in would make these unnecessary or at least not bound to kiosk.

Wireflow

Finding urgent care

Picture of the hospital seems unnecessary. Want to know open hours. Want all information in a page. 1 2

1. 2.

2. Profile/menu 1

2

1.

Upcoming

3. 1 2

1.

Style Guide

01.

Color System

02.

Typography

Aa

Heading

Heading

Heading

Heading

Nunito

Regular, 40pt

Bold, 20pt

Semibold, 16pt

Regular, 14pt

Smart City System Implementation

In 2022, three years after I finished this project, I gained knowledge in smart city legislation, system, and technology through the Smart City professional program. I then developed and implemented this project in the current status quo of the Smart City system in South Korea and won 1st place in the National Smart City Challenge

This service collects the user's medical data (care, prescription, and treatment) in one place and allows AI to analyze the data when the user feels sick and reserve the nearest hospital or hospital that best suits the user's condition.

Data to be analyzed by AI are as follows:

1) Data collected from User Q&A about their condition

2) Smartwatch data such as pulse and body temperature

3) User's past medical data

4) Data from nearby hospitals

In addition, by synthesizing the analyzed data, AI will deliver the diagnosis of suspected diseases, tests to be performed, treatments, and drugs to doctors, enabling safer and more personalized treatment.

Simplified System Architecture

Data from User Q&A through app

Challenge Prompt

Samsung Think Tank Team :

We invented a new sensor that enables you to record and track your dreams. Create a new product idea and that can improve billions of people’s lives.

Research Goals Interview

Learn about dreams

The science behind dreams? How credible are dreams?

Who would want to know about their dreams?

What are their pain points, needs, wants, and goals?

• • • • Understand current solutions and the competitive landscape

To what extent do demographics, seniority level, industry, and organization size/structure play a role?

• • • • Improve people’s lives

What products and methods (digital and physical) exist today for tracking our dreams, thoughts, and moods?

Do any tools exist already?

Who are the direct or indirect competitors?

What works well, and what could be improved in the current landscape?

•

How can this product be socially impactful in a positive way?

Are there any cautions I should be aware of?

What type of solution is desired and makes the most sense?

Although I don't think dreams are that important, I still want to see my dreams out of curiosity. It seems fun.

Problem

Self-awareness

I would be really interested if my dreams could be analyzed and I could know my unconsciousness.

I once used to share my dreams with a friend. If there was a product I could show my dreams to others, I want to see my partner’s dreams.

38 | Artist

Being constantly inspired in difficult.

Sharing deeper emotions with is burdensome

28 | Product Manager

34 | Experience designer

is difficult, especially when life is busy, and there is so much to take care of.

Psychological Study

Fear/emotion/mental wellness affects dreams

Importance of reflecting emotion

- Amygdala, the brain part which is related to fear and emotion, is most active when we are dreaming.

Importance of knowing of our unconsciousness

- “Nevertheless, the prevalence of these chronic nightmares seems significantly more frequent in individuals with psychiatric disorders. Indeed, chronic nightmares are prevalent in psychiatric disorders, affecting up to 70% of patients with personality or post-traumatic stress disorders." (Akkaoui 2020)

- “Research has consistently linked the habitual tendency to accept one’s mental experiences with greater psychological health” (Ford 2018). Study findings suggest that accepting our feelings is linked to better psychological health and positive therapeutic outcomes, including improved moods and reduced anxiety.

- According to Freud, the uZnconscious mind governs behavior to a greater degree than people suspect. Indeed, the goal of psychoanalysis is to reveal the use of such defense mechanisms and thus make the unconscious conscious. Freud believed that while the unconscious mind is largely inaccessible, the contents can sometimes bubble up unexpectedly, such as in dreams or slips of the tongue.

Akkaoui, Marine Ambar et al. “Nightmares in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, and Psychotic Disorders: A Systematic Review.”

Journal of clinical medicine vol. 9,12 3990. 9 Dec. 2020, Ford, Brett Q et al. “The psychological health benefits of accepting negative emotions and thoughts: Laboratory, diary, and longitudinal evidence.”

Journal of personality and social psychology vol. 115,6 (2018): 1075-1092.

Eco-system

I created an eco-system that would revolve around the dream recording technology. Within the system, I brainstormed potential users, products, and impacts.

Personal Use

•

Journal (Self-awareness, Curiosity)

- Record and track

•

Therapy (Mental health - Anxiety, Depression)

- Understanding oneself

Inspirational Use

•

Dream Market (Basic Income)

- Streaming (Streamers, Viewers)

•

Art (Authors, Movie Directors, Artists)

- Modify Videos of Dreams (Creators)

Communicational Use

•

Improve Relationships (Understanding each other)

- Parents, Lovers, Friends

- Social Media (VR, Metaverse)

•

Understanding people from various demographics

*Considering the 6 hours limit, I decided to create a product based on journaling dreams because this seemed to be the fundamental step to expand this technology to a system level of other features or products.

Social Use

Metadata

- Contribution and psychology

Ann

Age Location Occupation Hobbies Status 23 San Francisco Illustrator Youtube, Movies In a relationship

User Flow

I am struggling with anxiety and taking therapy sessions twice a month. I've been trying to write a diary every day. I want to explore my unconsciousness and track how I feel to find solutions for my anxiety.

Pain Points & Concerns

•

•

Struggles with anxiety for the reason he is unsure of. Worries constantly that he may burn out. Sometimes he wonders if he has chosen the wrong career path. Keeps forgetting to write a journal.

• Goals

•

Sometimes, when I play a good game or watch a good movie, they interestingly appear in my dream. My dreams are also a good inspiration source to me many times, and because of it, I sometimes take notes of it right after I wake up

• • Goals

• • •

User scenario

Before Bryan goes to sleep, he receives a notification from Samsung Dream for check-in.

UI References

Dream Analysis Flow

#999999

Bryan decides to add details today for better dream analysis, and when he is done, goes to sleep.

Samsung Dream tracks Bryan’s emotions and the details he has provided and analyzes his dreams through AI.

When Bryan Wakes up, he receives another notification of moments created due to the keywords he sets.

recommendations based on a user’s past behaviors, tendencies, and net-new qualitative information.) platform. scientifically.

Bryan goes through the highlights and saves one to this diary.

He checks his dream analysis that interprets Bryan's unconsciousness.

#Affordable #Accurate #Sensor #Alarm

Collaborators Ece Aytug (MIT MBA Sloan 23'), Albert Fernandes (MIT MBA Sloan 23'), Ethan You (MIT MBA Sloan 22'), Rima Das (MIT MEng 23'), Andrew Cunningham (MIT MEng 22'), Grace Wang (RISD BFA ID 22')

Advisors Steven D. Eppinger (MIT), Maria Yang (MIT), Jerome Arul (RISD), Angélica Chíncaro (MIT)

Industry Mobility

Role Research, UX Research, Electrical Engineering, 3D Prototype, Support in Mechanical Engineering, Support in Business Analysis

Biowheel

Preventing drowsy driving accidents

2022 | Academic, Professional | 10 weeks

Biowheel incorporates biometric data from the driver to supplement the already existing vehicle behavior analysis to ascertain whether drivers are drowsy. Sensors integrated into the steering wheel will be used to conduct a scientific and precise evaluation of the driver's fatigue level. If signs of drowsiness are spotted by the biometric assessment, the steering wheel will trigger an alarm for the driver.

Biowheel assesses three key metrics in order to detect drowsiness. The first is heart rate, assessed through an electrocardiogram. The second is temperature, which is assessed through an infrared sensor. The third is grip force application rate, which is assessed through a force sensor.

The 10-week initial version of the portfolio work is complete, and Biowheel is now in the process of patenting the technology and engaging in discussions with OEMs.

This project was sponsored by Mobile Pixels.

OBJECTIVE

This project aims at creating an affordable and user-friendly biometric wheel that accurately senses and alerts drivers when they are becoming drowsy.

The goal of this product is:

1. To accurately sense drowsiness.

2. To effectively alert drivers.

3. To be affordable and user-friendly

Problem

Dozing off while driving is a common and dangerous problem. According to the National Sleep Foundation's America Poll, 60% of adult drivers admitted that they have driven while drowsy at least once. Another survey conducted by CDC indicates that one out of every 25 adults fell asleep behind the wheel in the previous month. Drowsiness has led to around 91,000 crashes yearly, with approximately 50,000 injuries and 800 deaths. Sleep deprivation causes driving impairment similarto drunkenness, with 24 hours of sleep deprivation roughly equating to a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.10%.

1out of 25

1 out of 25 adults admitted that they fell asleep behind the wheel last month

84.1%

Large market Impact (84.1% of the population in the US having driver licenses)

24 Interview from 8 Categories

91K

91,000 crashes with around 50,000 injuries and 800 deaths due to drowsiness each year

The car’s automatic coffee icon picks up on the wrong moments and is so annoying.

Medical Student | 26

60+ Drivers Survey

Even if you're tired, if you are on the highway you rarely feel safe enough pulling over on the side of the road because a car could slam into you.

Van Life-r | 43

As a woman, I don’t feel safe taking breaks on the highway.

Long road trippers | 37

My daily work conditions force me to surpass a safe limit of hours awake, similar to being drunk.

Medical Resident | 31

Insight from the Survey

Explicit Needs: Our beachhead market users would like to assess the lack of sleep in a quantitative way so that they can use this to advocate for better working conditions to their employers.

Latent Needs: The device translates biometrics to a single score or metric that is comparable to the Blood Alcohol Concentration that is used to determine whether drivers are safe to operate a vehicle after alcohol consumption.

Critical User Needs

•

The device can assess the lack of sleep, quantitatively, in a person's body.

a. The device provides the assessment without the user entering data while driving

b. The device tests the user's body condition accurately (no false positives)

•

The device warns the user when their body condition can lead to a potential danger while driving.

•

The device can cause the driver to become alert if they are already driving while drowsy.

• The device is affordable

The device is compatible with users' lifestyles.

a. The device can be easily adopted by new customers.

b. The device is compatible with different types of vehicles.

c. The device is compatible with different types of drivers.

•

People with DUI Night shift workers People in accidents Van life-rs

Long commute workers Medical resedents Road trippers Truck drivers

Mission Statement

Problem Area

Existing tiredness notification system is annoying

Correlation between lack of sleep and BAC

Not a safe way to rest while on or near the highway

Breathalyzer in car malfunctions & requries distracted driving

Current "tricks" to stay awake are not fully effective

Children and Pets die from cars that get too hot

Truckers are driving old fleets that do not have up to date safety technology

Problem Area

Correlation between lack of sleep and BAC

Children and Pets die from cars that get too hot

Mission Statement Draft

Develop an accurate alternative to the existing tiredness notification system in vehicles.

Develop a device to enable quantitative assessment of lack of sleep equivalent to a breathalyzer.

Develop a device to enable drivers to stay awake until they can safely get to a rest stop

Develop a breathalyzer that encourges safe driving usage for people with diverse health backgrounds

Develop a device that fully prevents sleep while driving

Develop a "smoke detector" type device that beeps/flashes and sends a message to the driver alerting of dangerous heat in vehicle

Develop an "add on" device that will allow truckers to retrofit their trucks with safety equipment such as back up cameras.

Mission Statement Draft

Develop a device to enable quantitative assessment of lack of sleep equivalent to a breathalyzer.

Develop a "smoke detector" type device that beeps/flashes and sends a message to the driver alerting of dangerous heat in vehicle

Develop a device that provides safety from other vehicles and nefarious people while resting

Develop a breathalyzer that encourages safe driving usage and adds value to the consumer (quality) and provider (monetization)

Develop a wearable device that driver can wear to provide stimulus or feedback that wake them up when it detects biometrics leading to drowsiness

Maybe App?

This seems like a big solution to develop

Is thisactually possible?I can see it work lol

Potentially yes

Steering Wheel with Camera Module

Steering wheel with:

• Biometric sensors

- Heart rate

- Blood O2

- Etc.

• Optional Improvements

- Camera Integration

→ Detect eye movement

→ Head movement

-Vibration Feedback

→ Grip test

• No existing IP protection

• Both preventative and treating

• Constant drowsiness monitoring without distracting the driver

• most readily executable because it could be done with proven technologies

• Privacy concern due to eye tracking camera and data collection

• External stimuli and sensor errors

A collection of biometrics measurement systems at the departure zones of facilities like hospitals and trucking dispatch centers to:

• Record key biometrics

• Compare biometrics to known alert levels

• Show whether the person is safe to drive or at risk of fatigue

• Provide Uber Vouchers (potentially) for medical workers if determined unsafe to drive

• Record keeping for management

• No competition in the hospital industry for this device

• Preventative solution

• Easy to implement

• Needs licensing

• Technology already exists

• Companies are less incentivized to pay for it

• Require integrating multiple sensors and multiple data streams into a computer and developing the logic for it.

Biometric Steering Wheel Scientific Validation

Wearable that can:

• Shine a blue light onto the skin and suppress melatonin levels

• Monitor brain waves to detect sleepiness

• No existing IP protection

• Possible collaboration with many parties

• Solves drowsiness problem without distracting the user

• Easy to carry

• Blue light tech is not scientifically confirmed yet

Figure 2. This plot shows that as sleepiness (blue arrow) increases: hand temp (green arrow) increases, heart rate (orange arrow) decreases, and core body temp (yellow arrow) decreases. (Kräuchi 2001).

The inset plot shows heartrate (red arrow) in a more legible format. (Kräuchi 1999).

Figure 3.

that the rate of force application (force/time) has a step change downward once a person has reached a state of sleep deprivation. (Raymann 2007)

Table 1. High sensor accuracy is helpful in determining drowsiness level; yet, it is not fully required with fuzzy logic and machine learning. Nonetheless, the selected sensors have sufficient accuracy without filtering/clustering.

Figure 1. This plot shows the change in hand/foot (“distal”) to core body (“proximal”) temperature as humans reach sleep onset. (Kräuchi 1999)

This plot shows

Kräuchi

K, Cajochen

C,

Werth

E,

Wirz-Justice

A. Warm feet promote the rapid onset of sleep. Nature. 1999 Sep 2;401(6748):36-7.

Kräuchi, K.,

Wirz-Justice, A. Circadian Clues to Sleep Onset Mechanisms. Neuropsychopharmacol 25 (Suppl 1), S92–S96 (2001). Raymann RJ, Swaab DF, Van Someren EJ. Skin temperature and sleep-onset latency: changes with age and insomnia. Physiol Behav. 2007 Feb 28;90(2-3):257-66.

Customer Feedback on Prototype

How do you feel about having a steering wheel that collects biometric data (heart rate, grip, strength, ect) regarding your level of fatique?

Comments to address for the next prototype

“

User Need

The camera in steering wheel seems easily hacked so it is a bit invasive. ”

I would use it if you can guarantee the data privacy. ”

I don’t want the alert to be too aggressive. ”

The way each person holds the wheel is different. How will you place the sensors? ”

ACCURATE PREVENTIVE AND REACTIVE SOLUTION

Product Advantages

Product Specs

The device can assess the lack of sleep, quantitatively, in a person’s body The device warns the user when their body condition can lead to a potential danger while driving The device is affordable

User Testing

-Both devices need to be smaller to be integrated in the steering wheel

-Sensitive enough to capture data in a short period of time.

-Grip sensor is effective for capturing drowsiness.

Grip Testing

Updated Prototype

Camera features removed due to privacy concern from customers

Heart rate and grip sensors added for the preventative part

User Testing Prototypes

Heart Rate Sensor Test Results

Grip Sensor Test Results

Sensors Correlation Demo

Demonstrating the flow and correlation of the Temperature & Heart rate sensor

User Persona & User Journey

Demonstrating the flow of the Force sensor

3D Design Iterations SENSORS

User Feedback

“

I think I do need the sensors to go all around because I sometimes put my hand at the bottom gently when I’m driving long distance..”

“

“

I wonder how accurate this device can be, because it’s disturbing when the alert goes off but I’m actually not drowsy.”

I don’t want the alert to be too aggressive.”

“

Will the alert wake me up on time?”

“

I would to set the tone like on my phone.”

Wire harness

Breadboard with wires- no harness

Wire, 22 ga

Harness connector

Harness wrap

Cable ties

Clips

Sensors Controls

One heart rate +O2 sensor

One temperature sensor

One GSR sensor

None

One grip sensor

Sensors around entire wheel that sense heart rate, temperature, and GSR together

Sensor bezel (tooling amortized)

One Grip Sensor

Control module (existing)

Final Prototype

Prototype VS Production Model

Production Model

Prototype Category

Sensing and Response

Final Design Plan

Initial Task Flow Diagram

logic

Assumptions:

Amount below reference set by OEM (i.e. 10%)

Reference % change can vary by device type

To do: Detailed Logic flowchart

Edited Task Flow Diagram

User Demo Video

Red

Light

intense alarm, red light, vibration

If the speed & force doesn't meet the threshold, intense alarm & light & vibration.

Slowly falling asleep. Yellow light for notification.

light & audible alarm when heart rate & temperature reaches the threshold.

Red light keeps flashing and requires force test to shut off the alarm.

User presses the force sensor.

Yellow light

Audible alarm

and Alarm for Force Test

Pressing force sensor

Business Model

Customers

•

•

Our targeted end users are those who make long road trips Drivers do not want to pay for additional products just for drowsiness

•

OEMs are willing to pay innovative tech for their customers

Value Creation

•

Integrating the preventive and reactive solutions in the steering wheel, end users won't need to buy additional product just for drowsiness

•

Through better management of body metrics, we will be able to prevent thousands of crashes

Competition

•

•

•

Our competitors are primarily startups and Car OEMs There is no IP protection in the steering wheel market Most of the startups focus on B2C software and hardware products

Internal

•

We need more technical talents to constantly innovate on the hardware and software

Former R&D manager at a major tier 1 auto supplier interview about the desirability of Biowheel

“Tier 1s would be very interested in this type of biometric product, provided it works as intended.”

In the short term (0-2 years), we will focus on beta testing, securing the IP and fundraising. In the first six months, we will focus on hiring the technical talent to finalize the MVP and filing for the IP. At the same time, we are planning to test the product with the end users to leverage some negotiation advantage with OEMs to provide customer demand data. In order to complete these steps, we will need capital.

Therefore, we are planning to focus more on crowdfunding and angel investors in the seed round. In the short term, we project to secure licensing contracts with 3 manufacturers, 10 in the mid-term (2-4 y) and 19 in the long term (4-6y).

Sustainability Analysis

Financial Model

Based on the business model our team envisioned, we developed an 8-year financial model and a return analysis. According to our projection, our company will be profitable after the first year and break even, cash-flow wise, after three years.

Profitability Analysis

STRUCTURE

JV with an OEM 1-5 year licensing contract

In forming our projections for BioWheel, we have the following assumptions noted that:

The initial development of our sensor wheel from alpha prototype to finished product will be in the form of a joint-venture with one of the OEMs in the U.S. Both the OEM and our company will share the cost of the joint development with the OEM providing all the physical parts and material and our engineers providing technical support and know-hows. The joint development period will be 1 year with a follow-on 5-year licensing contract

With the licensing contract, our company will receive 10% of the revenue generated from selling the sensor wheel

We have assumed each sensor wheel will be sold for $500 each at the wholesale level. This is cross-checked with industry sources

We have also assumed the sensor wheel will pilot with 2 -3 car models per OEM, which translates to 100,000 units of car produced (thus 100,000 units of sensor wheels equipped)

We believe that production number will increase by 2% year-over-year with more models adopting our wheels

On the OEM partner side, we anticipate to start with 1 OEM partner and gradually expand to other OEMs around the world. Currently there are 1 4 major OEMs in the world, serving more than 60 automotive brands(1). At the end of year 8, we project that we will work with 9 of them

Next Steps

Biowheel

Detailed Images

Æ Soap

Alleviating employers' stress

2021 | Academic | 6 weeks | Individual Work

#Work_Wellness #Deep_Breathing #Bubble_Blowing

Industry Work environment, Wellbeing Role Research, User testing, Prototyping

Employees are encouraged to use 4-7-8 breathing techniques with "Ai Soap" - a device that adds a playful element to brain rejuvenation, allowing them to return to work with a refreshed mindset, leading to improved performance.

As the importance of employee wellness is becoming more and more evident in its impact on productivity, creativity, and overall company margin, it is important to make products that can alleviate stress in an enjoyable way. My aim was to create such a product.

Problem

There are times at work when you feel drained, and even the most mundane of tasks can seem like an uphill battle. You're not alone, and every year, more companies are taking steps to promote the wellness of their employees. This is beneficial for everyone, as it increases productivity and creativity, as well as the company's bottom line. Companies are creating more comfortable areas in the workplace, improving the environment, and allowing more flexibility in work hours and locations. When discussing wellness in the workplace, it's important to emphasize mental health. We want to create something that offers respite and refreshment. Taking a break from your desk and focusing on something different can help you to re-energize your brain.

80% of workers feel stress on the job, nearly half say they need help in learning how to manage stress and 42% say their coworkers need such help.

How people in the office deal with work slump

32 | Pharmacist

I usually go to the restroom to refresh myself. Compared to other ordinary workers, we always have to be there, so just going to the restroom and taking a break for myself within 5 mins is a way to get out of work slump in a day. Just getting out of the working zone is a good way, I think.

Mission Statement

Survey

102 responses; age 18-54

25% view their jobs as the number one stressor in their lives.

I go to the restroom and do phone, watching webtoon or social media and back within 5 mins or to the kitchen to grab some snacks and have a chat when there's someone else. Or I do internet surfing or shopping in secret google mode.

I go to the cafe downstairs, or escape to the staircase to get away from work, or go to the restroom and get stuck there for a while. I want to get out of my desk space when I can't focus.

"How might we help people at the office get away from the desk and recharge themselves so that get back with refreshment and be more productive?”

73.7 34.0

+39.3 Improved self-evaluation and break-taking

55.3 27.7

80% 77% 25% dedicated mindfulness sessions (e.g. weekly 30-minute sessions) short mindfulness sessions (e.g. 2-minute break after 2 hours of work) Improved concentration

71.1 61.7 +9.4 Less prone to stress

+27.6 Felt distraction from work

34.2 6.4

+27.8 44.7% 55.3%

23.7 17.0 +39.3 Felt peer pressure

28 | Accounting

23 | Marketing

Why deep breathing technique?

4-7-8 breathing technique, which takes less than 20 seconds per set, is scientifically proven to alleviate stress by decreasing cortisol levels.

Cortisol concentration changes after intervention.

Cortisol levels were significantly decreased after training in Breathing Intervention Group, but no significant changes were detected in the Control Group. (Ma 2017)

(A) Bilateral, left, and right hippocampus as seeds. (B,D,F) Significant resting-state functional connectivity changes in the meditating group compared to the control group (red) and the brain regions that showed significant association between the connectivity increase and memory improvement (blue), overlapping in the mPFC. (C,E,G) Scatter plots indicate the correlation between memory quotient (MQ) and Fisher’s Z values at the peak of the significant cluster, corrected for age, gender, and years of education. B, bilateral; R, right; L, left. (Tao 2016)

Additional 12 interviews who could be categorized into the following three categories.

People who know that deep breathing is healthy and try to regularly utilize breathing techniques.

People who know that deep breathing is healthy, but don't utilize it.

People who don't think deep breathing is helpful at all: Usually older generation

"do deep breathing when things don't work out, like when the program crashes"

"Apple watch 'breathe' app does seem forceful, but I try to do it even though it is once in a few days"

Product Goals

"It's not easy to remind me."

"I get too lazy about it."

"I feel like I would need a more forceful factor."

"I think it is more of a placebo."

"Is it scientifically proven to be helpful?"

2.

Encourage 4-7-8 breathing technique by making this a playful activity

1. Help employees get away from the desk and recharge.

3.

Motivate people who doesn't utilize deep breathing techniques.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Ma X, Yue Z, Gong Z, Zhang H, Duan N, Shi Y, Wei G, Li Y. The Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing on Attention, Negative Affect and Stress in Health Adults. Frontiers in Psychology. 2017 (Vol. 8) Tao J, Liu J, Egorova N, Chen X, Sun S, Xue X, Huang J, Zheng G, Wang Q, Chen L, Kong J. Increased Hippocampus-Medial Prefrontal Cortex Resting-State Functional Connectivity and Memory Function after Tai Chi Chuan Practice in Elder Adults. Front Aging Neurosci. 2016 Feb 16;8:25.

It should be visually cute. Even when its not in use, it should be like a interior product

Experiment with Bubbles

If it is user friendly, I think people will be a good initiator to utilize deep breathing

I think it would be okay to even have a forceful factor.

1. Are seeing bubbles distracting when studying/working (Unspecified survey)

2. Do bubbles make people want to blow bubbles (Survey & Interview)

38 responses in the duration of a day

If bubbles are provided in a community space, would you blow bubbles when you are stressed?

81.6% replied Yes.

18.4% replied Maybe.

0% replied No.

Why

The bubbles were distracting in a good way. I wanted to blow them, seemed fun

31 | Engineer

I actually got to the bathroom and blow bubbles when I get stressed of assignments

•

• • •

Playful atmosphere

Alleviate stress

Motivate deep breathing

Motivate people who doesn't utilize deep breathing techniques Motivate standing up

What Who

• •

Device that motivates deep breathing

Device that utilizes deep breathing techniques

Playful form

•

Fabrication Process

1.

2.

3.

How should the user interact with the product?

What should the shape and size look like?

How should bubbles refill? How can the process be simple?

Research Questions: Research precedents Ideation

Research and Ideation

Architecture

Sensors, Light, Bubble

Fabrication

3D printing, Foam Model

Simulation

Arduino

Form Finding

Render, sketch models

User Testing

Wizard of Oz, Grip, Scale

Form Studies

Related to breathing devices

Physical

Digital

Public devices

Simple

Dock itself has to be

Sculptural

Sketch Model Iteration

Device

"fits most to the theme" "could be smaller" "liquid space seem to be to big"

"I want the blowing part to be on the upper tail" "cute and playful"

"might seem to childish" "might not fit for 30s and 40s"

Design Plan Iterations

"they seem to be too simple and modern for bubbles to come out"

"most comfortable grip"

"I like the scale"

"a bit too boring" "the design language with the trumpet" "feels less interesting than the other two"

"too much like a e-cigarette" "which it is more fun"

"the structure doesn't

Bubble liquid

Buttons

Bubble liquid

Bubble liquid

button

boring" language doesn't match trumpet"

"should be more taller. About 35"." "the design language doesn't match with the trumpet"

Usability Testing

doesn't seem stable."

"I think primary colors would fit" "holding part can be a bit too small for people who have bigger hands"

Scale

Small, but the handle should be big enough so that any size fingers can fit. Ergonomics.

Not too playful considering that the target user is adults.

Design language

Simple, sculptural.

02

Metal ring

Rubber o-ring

Hole

The magnets are lifted as the device is pushed onto the nozzle of the dock.

Additional Projects

Untitled

Academic | 2021 | 12 weeks | Individual

Interactive Game, VR, Spatial Audio, Interaction

Platform: Unity

Visual: Rhino, ZBrush, 3D scanner, Texture Mapping

Audio: Max, Audacity, Reaper

VR game that visualizes a first-person view of a patient with Mental Illness for the purpose of increasing awareness of mental illnesses. It integrates 3D-scanned physical objects with symbolic objects.

Zepeto World Cup | Junction Hackathon - 1st Place Award | 2020 | 48 hours | Collaborative

Metaverse, Gamification, Social Media, UI/UX

Role: Product Manager, UX/UX Design, Frontend, Support Backend Collaborators: Gwangjo Gong(Developer), Guseul Heo(Developer)

Tools: Figma, Vue, JavaScript, HTML, Photoshop

A metaverse application that targets the Gen Z by letting them compete against other users using all the items the user has acquired in tournament -style fashion contests. Utilizing Naver Z’s API

System design for RISD cafeteria sustainability

Academic | 2019 | 4 Weeks | Individual

System Design, Sustainability, RFID

Role: Data analysis, UX Research, Prototype

Tools: Solidworks, Keyshot

An environmentally sustainable RISD cafeteria system that simplifies the process and efficiency by integrating RFID.

REEF STARS | Adobe & Pantone Design Challenge - Finalist Award | 2019 | 4 Weeks | Individual

Mobile Game, Gamification, Environment

Role: UX Research, UI/UX Design

Tools: Adobe XD, Photoshop

A reef-raising game to increase awareness of climate change and rally support for ocean conservation. It aims to provoke attachment, unconscious awareness, donation, and support for coral reefs.

Rove

Academic | 2019 | 6 weeks | Collaborative

AR, Travel

Role: UX Research, UX Design

Collaborators: Ha Dao(RISD BFA ID 22'),Theodore Goldstein(Brown-RISD Dual 21'), Vidur Madhav(RISD MFA ID 20')

AR travel app that targets and incorporates the ethos of cultural relevance with the three most important domains associated with travel: Navigation, Purchases, and Food Experience.

Oriental Alter

Academic | 2021 | 6 Weeks | Individual

Interactive Art, VR, Spatial Audio, Interaction

Platform: Unity, Vuforia, Adobe Aero

Visual: Adobe Fresco

Audio: Audacity, Reaper

Integration of oriental art in an interactive AR space. It aimed to harmonize oriental art, tenchonology, and nature.

Aris

Professional | 2019 | Network Defines | UI/UX Designer

Video-Network Technology, Education

Role: Research, UI/UX - Only designer in a series-b startup

Collaborators: Network Defines Product Team

All-in-one academic conference platform that allows conveniently conducting online academic conferences through web and mobile One-stop service to host and participate.

Cook Easy

Academic | 2020 | 4 Weeks | Individual

Lifestyle, Social Media, Cooking

Tools: Figma, Photoshop, Illustrator, After Effects

A user-friendly cooking application for users with less experience that allows them to enjoy the art of cooking. It aims at helping the users choose what food they want to cook or eat.

VIRENCT X Microsoft HoloLens2 Project

Professional | 2020 - 2021 | 12 Weeks | UX Designer

XR, Mobility,

Role: UX Research, UX Design, UI Design

Tools: Figma, HoloLens 2, Illustrator, After Effects

An XR application that helps car inspection and fixing easily available. This was a project with Microsoft Hololens Team to create an AR manual for Twizy.

HAYOUNG JADE YOO

isbha6@gmail.com

jade-yoo.com