Common Ground & Collective Memory for Southside Chicago Lakeshore Prof. Sara Bartumeus 574 Studio Project Portfolio 2019 Spring_Arch 574
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
Acknowledgement Thanks from the Studio: From the city, we would like to specifically thank Alderwoman Susan Garza for taking time during election season to meet us and give us a brief, yet incredibly captivating industrial and human history of the 10th ward and the site. Special thanks to Karen Roothaan for proposing the studio project topic and introducing the site to us and for becoming the essential bridge between the studio and the community. We would like to express gratitude to Angela Hurlock and to the Villa Guadalupe Center in Chicago for providing us with a space to host our event. We want to thank the community of South Chicago for their enthusiasm and interest in our projects and for taking time out of their busy schedules to provide feedback for each of the projects. We are thankful that the South Chicago residents highly regard their history and want the best for the 10th ward. Also want to thank some others in the community such as Rod Sellers, Peggy Salazar and Samuel Corona for his eagerness and knowledge of the site. We, as students, would like to express our appreciation to Professor Bartumeus for her knowledge and guidance through this studio. Her influence and supportive demeanor gave this project potential. A special thanks goes to those from academia and the profession – Professor Emerita Joy Malnar, Professor Emeritus Vidar Lerum, Christian Pepper, and Damon Luke Wilson. Without their valuable feedback and expertise, a successful project of this scale would not be possible.
I, as the professor, am extremely thankful to Professor Emerita Joy Malnar. From whom I inherited her passion for the Steelwork ore walls. She gave me the opportunity, passing over to me Karen Roothaan’s proposition, to work on this fantastic site, for this amazing community. Our graduate design studio builds on her previous studios and efforts to bring visibility and to enhance the sensorial and architectural value of the walls, the industrial past of the site and the community collective memories. I am thankful too for having had such creative, thoughtful and fun group of students to teach. They have engaged in the studio with enthusiasm, professionalism and collegiality and have embraced the challenge to work in teams as diverse as possible. The diversity of their approach, coming from such different cultural backgrounds, have both enriched their projects and the overall pedagogical experience. With gratitude, Prof. Sara Bartumeus Students: Cyrus Amani Sabina Choragwicki Katlyn Crank Bhavi Dalal Joshua Downes Xinchen Guan Letizia La Spia Sheng Li Yueshen Mei Ella Peterson Berger Laia Sanchez Orvay Shriyak Singh Abby Valek Jiayu Zhang Xinran Zheng
Contents Goals & Challenges Common Ground and Collective Memory For Southside Chicago Lakeshore
Observe & Map site visit + personal cartography
Listen & Interact mid-term review + community meeting + interview content + final review
Sift & Select & Construe students projects Group 01: Landscape South Work Scape Railway Landscape Group 02: Fabrics Attaching to the Walls Light & Light Weaving through the Walls Group 03: Production Green Production Bridge to Building
Summary
Ella Peterson Berger, Cyrus Amani Sheng Li, Jiayu Zhang Laia Sanchez Orvay, Xinran Zheng Katlyn Crank, Bhavi Dalal, Yueshen Mei Sabina Choragwicki, Shriyak Singh Letizia La Spia, Abby Valek Xinchen Guan, Joshua Downes
Goals & Challenges Common Ground & Collective Memory for Southside Chicago Lakeshore Project site + framework
Design challenges as potential design opportunities
The place where the steel for Chicago skyscrapers was produced, the last 580 acres of available land along the city’s privileged lakeshore, remains vacant. After the demolishment of all the buildings of the US Steel Mill, only 4 immense ore walls along a channel stand still as testimonies of the industrial past of the site. The people in the adjacent neighborhood who once worked there want to preserve the walls in order to preserve their memories. Since the steel mill closed its doors, more than 25 years ago, much speculation and many plans have been developed but until today, due to a variety of reasons (economic, break up of partnerships, disputes over soil contamination), none has been implemented/developed.
• Celebrate collective memory and industrial past_ To incorporate the walls in the current master plan--or in any future plan to come--as landmarks of the industrial heritage. To design a landscape and architecture backbone that brings activity to the place and acts as a vertebral common space in the future development that brings social cohesion. • Enhance the sensory conditions of the site _To integrate the project with the bold scale, materiality, textures and colors of the built environment and with the atmospheric and natural conditions of the site (wind, water and vistas). • Engage the site boundaries_ To ensure the physical connection with The Bush neighborhood currently separated from the site and the water by an infrastructure and guarantee the public access to the park and the waterfront. • Connect with other isolated pre-existing elements in the landscape_ To establish relationships between the neighborhood and the water, the lakefront park. • Use time as a design tool_ To design for multiple possible scenarios: and for today’s transience condition, for a plan that will have to be developed in phases or for an uncertain tomorrow.
Visions for the place have ranged from being pictured as a site for the 2016 Olympic Games to being proposed as a site for the Obama Presidential Center. The last two master plans--by SOM + SASSAKI (2010) and by Barcelona Housing (2017)--have envisioned transforming the whole area, larger than the Loop, into a mixed-use development with a park along the lakefront, combining working, living, education, shopping, entertainment and recreation facilities. While the first one proposed a high-density neighborhood with mid- and high-rise residential buildings looking at the incredible vistas to Lake Michigan and the skyline of the Loop; the second one—which has also recently been paused--proposes a mid-density and mid-rise, pedestrian friendly neighborhood inspired in the Barcelona Mega-block project. On the other hand, the 10th ward community where many of the industry workers and their families continue to live did not feel included, neither in the plans’ design processes nor in the design products of these developments; there appeal is to the high-end luxury market. Instead, the studio challenge is to integrate the walls into a meaningful project for the community, that the future development of the site whenever it comes could adjust to (could absorb) in the future, no matter what density or form it would take.
Studio goals The goal of the studio is to embrace the potential of the area and reimagine the site, to reinvent one of the last Chicago post-industrial heritages by building on the history of the site and engaging residents nearby in incremental community improvement. The studio’s reflection and outcomes aim to change the perception of the place; have an impact in the quality of life of the adjacent community and foster social cohesion with future newcomers and attract visitors to become a catalyst for further investment in the area’s development. Through this case study, the studio aims to explore strategies that tackle the broader questions of ‘drosscapes’ in modern American cities and the role that the design of the built environment can play in reversing that trend. Can we think of creative ways of making the only remnants of the plant, the magnificent industrial archeology, the protagonists of the current and future site’s story? How can our projects act as catalysts of activity in a site in ‘standby’ and improve the quality of place, landscape and current/future urban life?
Projects The urban+landscape projects to be developed are: a) site specific: designed to enhance the character of the architectural and landscape conditions of the site; b) community oriented: inclusive and accessible to the neighbors; c) creative: adaptive reuse projects which propose buildings/structures/landscapes [inside/ in-between/above/along/attached to] the ore walls with creative programs and uses [climbing wall, elevated running path, overlook, performing and visual art factory, regenerative agriculture…] The main one being a community center and a museum to celebrate the industrial past of the site; d) acupunctural or structural: specific and framed in their implementation but with a larger scale scope; a) incremental: approached and developed in phases and ways in which change in the site can start to occur quickly and show progress in the neighborhood; b) plausible: economically possible and implementable as a first stage of any future development of the complete area; and also c) environmentally and socially sustainable.
Integrative design process + methodology At the intersection between urban design, architecture and landscape architecture, this urban studio searches for integrated design tools and responses to foster community and improve the landscape and the urban environment. This studio moves away from traditional top-down, large-scale master-planning to explore more contemporary approaches, such as the urban project. It will also explore where architecture meets the people by engaging with the community. Today’s designers are called to design collectively, across fields and with people, to orchestrate, as form givers, spatial change with social impact.
January 18th, 2019
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
Introductory Meeting with Alderwoman
January 18th, 2019
Midterm Review
March 8th, 2019
Community Meeting
March 15th, 2019
Interview and Survey
Final Review
April 26th, 2019
Project Introduction
Projects draw their inspiration from the present and from the past, to bridge them both, collecting memories and imagining a new, brighter, future for the site and the community. Each project is unique in its creative approach and all have common and shared threads, which overlap. In this publication though, as in the presentation to the community during the midterm, we have grouped them in three groups regarding their main emphasis in: a) keeping the current landscape condition of the site as a central park along the walls and between the existing neighborhood and future developments to come; b) understanding the site as an integral part of the future city fabrics, weaving a hybrid pattern, fabric, of open and built spaces by climbing up, bridging across or spilling over the walls, inhabiting them; c) mixing agricultural and green energy production with other programs, recovering and projecting the productive past of the place into the future to bring back jobs to the community.
Landscape
LANDSCAPE Even though most of the proposals capture the value and potential of the existing landscape in the site, many preserve the landscape condition of the site, and only some preserve its perception as landscape through the void, by not adding many buildings to the site or by hiding them beneath the ground. They value the landscape in place, its ‘third landscape condition’ (notion by Gilles Clement), resulting from some strategically planted (for soil remediation reasons) and some spontaneously grown vegetation, which has promoted the native habitats we can see today. These projects want to preserve the landscape condition and the scale of the site. They work with the ore walls as a large unit, without interrupting them or breaking down its scale. By preserving the space in–between them open and almost empty, they enhance today’s contrast between the built (the walls) and the natural. South Work Scape
Railway Landscape
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
Fabric
FABRICS The three projects in this group inhabit the site with a system of buildings and open spaces. They vary not only in the way in which they create and place new buildings and plazas, nor in their relationship to the walls, but also in the density of the patterns they propose. Most of them overcome the space in-between walls to expand their proposals to the water edge, and to the spaces around the walls, as a way to integrate these elements as one more element of the urban fabric of the future neighborhood. In this way, they interrupt and break down the scale of the walls that are colonized by new hybrid (landscape and city) structures made of paths, streets, plazas and buildings. The projects are presented in order, from the ones that propose less dense to more dense fabrics, starting with one that can be understood as a hybrid between a landscape and a fabric. Attaching to the Walls
Light & Light
Weaving through the Walls
Production
PRODUCTION This set of projects bridges the past and the future of the site and the community through the notion of production. They reinterpret the industrial productive life of the site in the past to project into a new productive future that brings life and jobs back to the place. They do not propose concentrations of more densely built episodes along or across the walls, as the projects that design fabrics do. Instead, they view the space in-between the walls as a field, a productive field where to insert new systems for production of agriculture and sustainable energy. The unity and scale of the walls is not disturbed, but celebrated and reinforced, by the generation of repetitive structures that support these production systems. Green Production
Bridge to Building
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
South Work Scape, does so, sloping up the ground and manipulating the ground-line and surface to host, and hide, a building underneath. The walled-in park proposes a new and dynamic experience of the site--different surfaces in the park reinterpret the industrial process of the steel production in a playful and subtle way. The sloping landscape with the lookout at the top and the museum beneath, together with the untouched wild landscape in-between the southern walls and neighboring them, preserve and protect the workers memory while keeping the site’s current open-air condition.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
Railway landscape, bridges the industrial past of the site with its future by singling out and multiplying one industrial system and its elements, reinterpreting and experiencing the site in a new way. A system of railways and cabins become not only the image of the design, but the conductor of the visitors’ movement in-between and above the walls. The history of the site is visualized both in motion and stillness, inside light-train cabins and in the pavilions and stations where they can park and stop along the landscaped railed-park. Both projects reinterpret the natural present condition of the site and create future landscapes to explain its past. The whole site becomes at the same time a park and a museum, ensuring the space between the walls is kept as a green, open and civic space in future developments to come or while waiting for them arrive.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
LANDSCAPE
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
Attaching to the walls, initially tiptoes over the landscape with a light system of elevated paths--for different speeds and modes of mobility--to go on climbing up to different buildings attaching to the walls at different heights towards a main museum volume across the walls, at the summit. Providing an underground access to the tunnel, zigzagging the trees, piercing through holes and climbing up the walls, it creates a new dynamic experience by enhancing existing conditions and building on elements found at the site.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
LIGHT & LIGHT
Light & Light, uses time and openness as the criterion of its design. Far from designing a finalized, closed solution, it explores ways to define a basic set of rules for a new fabric to be built, through time and by the community. Design guidelines go from site planning scale to the units aggregation system, from the built form to the construction details. Light steel cubes scaffolding around the massive concrete walls create a bold contrasting image between the site past and its possible futures.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
The design concept throughout the site based in South Chicago is to illustrate the idea of rebuilding and reviving. We designed a basic module of a steel scaffolding structure that would be applied throughout the sitein an organic fashion with porous space, whichalso simultaneously allows views through the buildings to the massive concrete walls. An idea of “acupuncture� has been implemented to raise the structuresoff the ground to create as little disturbance to the ecology of the siteas possible. We decided to phase the project in a way that will allow for the remediation of the soil: first populate the site with plants which have remediating qualities; second, construct an elevated pathway through the site that also acts as a boundary for buildings in the future; and lastly, we phased the built environment. The way we phased constructiononthe site is by breaking it down into manageable parcels that match the block size of the adjacent neighborhood. The first parcel to be developed is the museum parcelnearthe lake to attract tourismand utilize the lake-front. This parcel will serve as a memorial to reflectthe heyday of the community and steel mill. Next, we decided that the community center should be close tothe neighborhood on the west end of the site.From there, the phases of development move from bothends towardthe centeruntil the site is filled in.
SITE PLAN
G
E
F
A
B
H
D
F C
H
H
I
SCULPTURE GARDEN
LIGHT & LIGHT
G
A B C D E F G H I
Community Center Vocational Center Group Housing Observation Tower Museum Decks Water Front Wharf Parking Area Future Development WATER FRONT
winter
summer
career fair
indoor buildings outdoor parks
spring
sled races
pups at the park
planting at the park morning yoga
break the ice challenge
waterfront
pop up art installations
earth day clean up
snowman building contest
fall
vocational skills training
book of the month club
holiday market
ACTIVITIES THROUGHOUT THE YEAR
steel workers festival
art installations
music festival
fireworks at the wharf fishing
paddle boat fest food truck week
farmers market happy hour
brewery
beer tasting event
entreprenuers meetup
Breakfast with Santa
sketching tutorials
spring networking event
new exhibition gala
museum
business workshop happy hour
how to brew
new movie night
LET’S BUILD community events business events community involvment
Phytoremediation planting
Contamination detecting
Landscaping
Connecting joints
Setting up foundation
Facade and slab
Structure frame
Enjoy your life University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
DETECTING CONTAMINATION
& REMEDIATING Phyto- Species
Root Depth
Yellow Mustard
7” - 12”
Cottonwood
>4’
Willow Tree
aggressive
Indian Grass
6’
Sunflower
4’
‘GREEN’ POCKETS Yellow Mustard
BIRD’S EYE VIEW
Cottonwood
Willow Tree
Indian Grass
Sunflower
MODELS DOWNTOWN SITE
COMMUNITY CENTER INTERIOR
MUSEUM TUNNEL
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T
Sculptural spaces “Over the years” timeline Indoor amphi-theatre Offices Membership areas Exhibit storage spaces Steel making process Workers’ voice Data centre Courtyard Site evolution information Hall of forgotten stories Exhibition hall Gallery spaces Souvenir shop Observation deck Cafeteria Storage spaces Restrooms Cloak room
MUSEUM RECEPTION
A B C D E F G H I J
Art rooms Multi-purpose rooms Library & sitting spaces Cafeteria Restrooms Locker Rooms Computer lab Offices Study rooms Gym & fitness area
MUSEUM ENLARGED PLAN
COMMUNITY CENTER PLAN
SCALING THE NEIGHBORHOOD B A
A
A
B D
E
P
A
E
A
L
F C
O
G
K
J
Q
T
E
I
C H
M S
I
G
B
D
R H
B
H
H
S F
N
F J
MUSEUM ENLARGED PLAN
COMMUNITY CENTER PLAN
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
D
TAKE A CLOSER LOOK
E
1 1'-62"
INSERT TO THE WALL
1" 2"
E
B
97
°
1"
POSSIBLE WAYS TO ENCLOSE YOUR BUILDING
D
Corrugated Board (Round)
Corrugated Board (Trapezoidal)
C
Perforated Panel
Corten Steel Board
Double Layered Glazing
Tinted Glazing
Photovoltaic Glazing
Concrete Panels
4"1 22"
A
°
10"
45
1" 1 42"
8" 10"
1 R3'-94"
6"
1 2" 1'-7"
1'-1"
5"
7"
5°
6"
ROOF SYSTEM
A
B
FACADE AND FOUNDATION
INTERIOR GRID SEAM
1 44"
3'-9"
ENTRANCE AND DECK CONNECTION
3 14"
4"
6"
1" 1'
10"
6"
3'
8"
1"
6"
1'
2"
10"
1'-1"
1"
3 74" 6"
1'-6"
2"
2"
1 4'-72"
1 24"
C
EXPLODE ROOF Photovoltaic Glazing 5 degree slope Supporting Seat Bracing Rod Groove to gather rain water Angle series Drainage Pipe
HOW TO ASSEMBLE
STRUCTURE Joints Stop Caps Support Connection Tunnel Beam Steel Square Column Drilling Foundation
FACADE Back Panel (Shadow box) Bracing Rod Spider Double Layer Photovoltaic Glazing
FLOORING Deck Supporting Seat Gap (to dwelling wires and sockets) Metal - Insulation Integrated Sandwich Slab Water Proof Structure Angle
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
WHAT CAN HAPPEN INSIDE
WHAT’S THE EXPERIENCE
Staircase Elevator Combination
Elevator
Staircase
Flat Facade
Perpendicular Corner
Inverted Corner
Small Office
Mezzanine
Private Room in Center
Inlet
Island
Valley
Big Open Space
Corridor + Big Room
Covered
Bridged Crossing
... ...
... ...
PLAY UNDER THE SUNSHINE Wild Grass and Lawn
Elevated Decks
Agricultural Corner
Seating and Chating
Dry Landscape Artifacts
Amphitheater
WHAT CAN HAPPEN INSIDE Dinning Room
ATTACHMENTS TO THE WALL
Bedroom
Bathroom
WAYS TO DO BE A GUIDE LINE
Detached
Care About Animals Kitchen
Staircase
Living Room
Reuse Materials
Sustainable Energy
Organic Development
Computational Support
Neighborhood Centered
Attached
CAN YOU SEE THE WALLS?
UNIT A
UNIT B
Covering
Visibility degree 42%
Crossing 53% GROUP A
GROUP B
Infrastructure
64%
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
Weaving through the walls, imagines the place as an integral and central section of a new neighborhood. By weaving a complex matrix of open and built spaces across and along the walls, the site is integrated in the new fabric. The project spills over the walls to generate activity in the waterfront and to create a new hybrid city front along the south wall. There, a sequence of strategically located plazas and community buildings follow the neighborhood grid and provide opportunities for the future developments to ‘plug in’.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
FABRICS
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
Bridge to building, proposes a network of identical buildings alternated with open spaces. The spaces in-between have specific outdoor functions associated to the different building production programs. Diagonally located across the walls, as if wanting to sew the four walls together, these volumes and their interval spaces are intertwined through a double-height system of paths and bridges. At the ground and at the green-roof level, they create continuous itineraries to observe and experience the different cultural, green and energy production fields.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
GREEN PRODUCTION
Green production, inserts a new steel structure along and in-between the massive long walls. The structure celebrates the walls with the contrasting lightness of its material and by becoming almost independent by leaving a respect zone and letting them be exposed. The sequence of porticoes patterns the length of the walls and provides the space with a rhythm. The structure’s modularity allows flexibility in the plantation displays on the ground and in the space openness and enclosure, becoming sometimes pergola, vertical farm, green house or brewery.
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION FABRICATION
PRODUCTION GREEN PRODUCTION PRODUCTION
When we first visited the site of the former steel mill, we FABRICATION were atonished by the monmentality of the ore walls. It was difficult to believe that steel mill was vacant, and that there When we first visited the site of the former steel mill, we was once a large amount of production at this site. For our were atonished by the monmentality of the ore walls. It was design, we have choosen to bring production and steel back difficult to believe that steel mill was vacant, and that there to this site. was once a large amount of production at this site. For our design, we have choosen to bring production and steel back The first phase of production would be a brewery and an atto this site. tached hops garden. Here, all the necessary components for the beer making process could be produced. Both the hops The first phase of production would be a brewery and an atgarden and brewery are enlcosed by a steel structure, denottached hops garden. Here, all the necessary components for ing to the former presence of the steel mill. the beer making process could be produced. Both the hops garden and brewery are enlcosed by a steel structure, denotThe second phase of production would be a greenhouse and ing to the former presence of the steel mill. a community farmer’s market. Similar to the brewery, the greenhouse is additionally enclosed by a steel structure. The second phase of production would be a greenhouse and a community farmer’s market. Similar to the brewery, the Lastly, the final phase of production would the steel workers greenhouse is additionally enclosed by a steel structure. museum, that sits on top of the exisitng ore walls. A portion of the musuem is accessed by a memorial ramp that is locatLastly, the final phase of production would the steel workers ed inbetween two exiting ore walls. museum, that sits on top of the exisitng ore walls. A portion of the musuem is accessed by a memorial ramp that is located inbetween two exiting ore walls.
REDEVELOPMENT SITE PLAN REDEVELOPMENT SITE PLAN
HOPS GARDEN
BREWERY
HOPS GARDEN
BREWERY
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
PRODUCTION
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School
South Work Scape
Railway Landscape
Attaching to the Walls
Light & Light
Weaving through the Walls
Green Production
Bridge to Building
Ella Peterson Berger Cyrus Amani
Sheng Li Jiayu Zhang
Laia Sanchez Orvay Xinran Zheng
Katlyn Crank Bhavi Dalal Yueshen Mei
Sabina Choragwicki Shriyak Singh
Letizia La Spia Abby Valek
Xinchen Guan Joshua Downes
Common Ground & Collective Memory for Southside Chicago Lakeshore Prof. Sara Bartumeus 574 Studio Project Portfolio 2019 Spring_Arch 574
University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign - School of Architecture - Graduate School