A R C H I T E C T U R E T H AT C U LT I V A T E S S O C I A L + HARD INFRASTRUCTURES
SARAH VANDER WEGEN Independent Master Project Spring 2014
This thesis proposes to implement a catalyst project within an existing neighborhood as a means to provide a social anchor within a placeless zone, mitigate the conflict between the invested embodied energy of the existing buildings and normally inefficient operating costs. The project question was developed through a series of layers. From this analysis a matrix of the project objectives and systematic strategies were developed and then implemented into the design of the test building and site.
LEVELS TO THE PROJECT QUESTION
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the idea the method of application the test M AT R I X O F O B J E C T I V E S A N D S T R AT E G I E S
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P R O J E C T D O C U M E N TAT I O N
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THE ANSWER
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F U R T H E R E X P L O R AT I O N
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LEVELS TO THE PROJECT QUESTION
level 1
THE IDEA
By using the theroy of partial intervention, how can architecture create a more livable community while considering the communty’s invested embodied energy and cost of operational resource needs?
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regenerative architecture
the
TEST
the
IDEA
level 1
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c o m p o n e n t s o f C ATA LY S T
it is a substance
it activates or accelerate process
X+ X X+Y
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regenerative architecture
XY
it does not alter within the process
X+
X
X+
within context of EXISTING NEIGHBORHOODS
invested carbon footprint
invested operating energ y
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level 2
T H E M E T H O D O F A P P L I C AT I O N
How can civic buildings be designed to provide a social landmark within the community’s wider social infrastructure, as well as providing hard infrastructure (energy, water, materials, etc.) for it’s own and adjacent existing buildings’ demand?
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regenerative architecture
IDEA the
TEST the
level 2
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components of HISTORIC CIVIC PROJECTS
(Brooklyn Museum, 1916)
(Columbia Exposition, Chicago, 1893 - Field Museum)
(War Parade - Denver Public Library)
they are dotted across the city, each with its own catchment area
operates at different scales: from city to neighborhood
becomes the community’s social epicenter and developing an anchor within the community
components of PRESENT CIVIC PROJECTS
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(Protests at Wisconsin Capital - The Guardian)
(Urban Coffee Farm and Brew Bar, Melborne, HASSELL - photo by Bonnie Savage)
(Oslo Opera House - BIG)
social behvior changes demand civic projects to be innovative in space uses and ways to bring in new audiences
requires a partner achieve goals
acts as a platform to exchange knowledge
regenerative architecture
to
within context of EXISTING
introduction of regenerative social anchor
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level 3
THE TEST
level 3.0 Test the developed question level 3.1 ... within context of Southwest region, specifcally Albuquerque ... level 3.2 ... Can a University of New Mexico welcome center and collaborative engineering and arts research facility be designed to (1) generate a social landmark within the Sycamore and University district, and (2) generate enough resources to accommodate its own need and the operational resource cost of existing buildings within a defined catchment area?
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regenerative architecture
IDEA the
level 3.2
the
level 3.1
TEST
level 3.0
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context of
ALBUQUERQUE
proposed projects
03
04
16
17 01
07 02
13
05
06
08
12
14
09
11
V
10
15
THE ABQ PLANS 01_The Rio Grande Vision 02_Innovate ABQ 03_Paseo del Norte I-25 Interchange Improvements 04_50 Mile Trail Loop 05_Route 66 Action Plan 06_Central Avenue Bus Rapid Transit 07_Convention Center Renovation
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DISTRICT REDEVELOPMENT 08_Albuquerque Rail Yard Redevelopment 09_International District Sector Development Plan 10_East Central Sector and Redevelopment Plan 11_Highland Park Master Plan
CORRIDOR REDEVELOPMENT 12_Central Avenue Complete Street Master Plan 13_West Central Avenue Corridor Study 14_Girard Boulevard Complete Street Master Plan 15_South Yale Complete Street Master Plan 16_Rio Grande Boulevard Corridor Plan 17_University Boulevard Bus Rapid Transit
context of
DISTRICT
SITY BOUL EVAR
D
nor th sycamore neigborhood
DR. MA RTIN
LUTHE R
I25
UNIV ER
50 MILE TRAIL LOOP
KING J R. DRIV E
DISTRIC
T
CENTR
AL AVE NUE
HIGHLAND PARK
UNIVERSITY BRT
ROUTE 66 ACTION PLAN CENTRAL AVE COMPLETE STREET EAST CENTRAL SECTOR PLAN CENTRAL AVE BRT
SITE
50 MILE TRAIL LOOP
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Three objectives for the project have been developed based on the levels of questions. The levels of the project’s question acts a hierarchical system starting from a large, loose scale to a narrowed, specific test. The objectives then act as their own hierarchal system with sub-systems of architectural components and independent strategies. These strategies were integrated within the building design.
U R B A N C ATA LY S T architectural site
most impactful strategies in building design
S O C I A L FA C I L I TAT O R architectural program site
A R C H I T E C T U R E T H AT I S R E G E N E R AT I V E architectural program site water energ y health material 13 regenerative architecture
most impactful strategies in
BUILDING DESIGN
1 regionalism
2 continuation of central avenue canyon wall + scale of context
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3 introduction of bus rapid transit
4 architectural language weaves systems
passive heating
daylighting
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mechanical ventilation
material
5 socail spaces
the journey
the village well phenonmenon
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par ti diagrams
looking west at central avenue + university boulevard
cen tral ave nue
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univ ersi ty bou leva rd
uni ver sity bou leva rd
brt stop
cent ral aven ue
canyon wall
pull water
UNIVERSITY BOULEVARD
COPPER AVENUE
UNM
CENTRAL AVENUE
N
site plan
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N
building west to east section
mass vs. glazing
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mass wall as trombe
mass wall as buffer
wall as double glazing
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looking east along central avenue
N
central avenue facade
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existing building at scale of context
punch out diagram
N
university boulevard facade
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auditorium looking out over unm tow ards the sandias
+57째
sandia peak +6째 -3째
-37째
cen tral ave nue
rd uni ver sity bou leva
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PUNCH THROUGH MASS WALL
MECHANICAL SPACE
0
8
16
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break open the box
punch through mass wall
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N
view of cour tyard from corridor connecting labs + offices
cour tyard nor th- south section
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EVAPORATIVE COOLING PAD
N
cooling tower section
ventilation
daylighting
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key
new versus old
structure
FACILITY SUPPORT
OUTREACH
COOLING TOWER COLLABORATIVE IDEA
TROMBE WALL
DIGITAL ARTS GALLERY
COURTYARD LIVING LAB
ATRIUM
DOUBLE GLAZING FACADE
ENTRY
LECTURE HALL
DIGITAL ARTS + SUPER COMPUTER
LIBRARY
COOLING TOWER
N
first floor plan 27 regenerative architecture
LAB
PUBLIC OFFICE
key
program
mass vs. glazing
COOLING TOWER DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
TROMBE WALL
INTERSITIAL SPACE
[OPEN TO BELOW]
SENSITIVE LAB
DOUBLE GLAZING FACADE
COURTYARD [BELOW] LIVING LAB [BELOW]
SENSITIVE LAB
MECHANICAL [AUDITORIUM ABOVE] ROOF TOP GARDEN
AUDITORIUM VESTIBULE
RAMP ACCESS
COOLING TOWER
TROMBE WALL
N
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LAB
PUBLIC OFFICE
key
program
mass vs. glazing
COOLING TOWER DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
CIVIL ENGINEERING LAB
TEACHING LAB
LECTURE ROOM
DRY + FLEX LAB
INTERSITIAL SPACE
TROMBE WALL [OPEN TO BELOW]
SENSITIVE LAB
DOUBLE GLAZING FACADE
ROOF GARDEN [BELOW]
SENSITIVE LAB
LIVING LAB [BELOW]
COURTYARD [BELOW] AUDITORIUM AUDITORIUM VESTIBULE
ADMINISTRATION SUITE
COOLING TOWER TROMBE WALL
N
third floor plan
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LAB
PUBLIC OFFICE
key
program
mass vs. glazing
COOLING TOWER DRY + FLEX LAB
INTERSITIAL SPACE
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
DRY + FLEX LAB
TROMBE WALL [OPEN TO BELOW]
SENSITIVE LAB
DOUBLE GLAZING FACADE
ROOF GARDEN [BELOW] SENSITIVE LAB
COURTYARD [BELOW]
LIVING LAB [BELOW]
AUDITORIUM ROOF TOP
COOLING TOWER TROMBE WALL
N
four th floor plan
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possible impacts to NEIGHBORHOOD VVV V
Unfourtanely with catalyst projects working within an extensive network of systems it is nearly impossible to estimate the imapct. However, below are some possible fill in projects that could occur after the catalyst.
HOSPITAL
AV EN U
C EN TR
AL AV EN U
PARKING
E
E
FILL IN VACANT LOTS
1/2 MILE
1/4 MILE
N
sycamore neighborhood - future
E VA RD
TI JE R AS
SI TY B O U LE
AV EN U
E
U N IV ER
ST RE ET
C O P P ER
K IN G AV EN U
S IT E
CONVERT ON GRADE PARKING TO STRUCTURE WRAPPED IN PROGRAM
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N LU TH ER
M AP LE
FILL IN VACANT LOTS
SY CA M
SP RU CE
O RE ST RE ET
ST RE ET
ST RE ET
M AR TI
AS H ST RE ET
FILL IN VACANT LOTS
CE DA R
ST RE ET ER RY M U LB
O AK ST RE ET
city of albuquerque
UNM
CENTRAL + UNIVERSITY BRT
goals for future Higher population density - could meet highest density within Albuquerque (International District, 10,450 people per square mile) More multi-unit housing projects that meet the needs of students, UNM faculty + staff, health care providers and downtown professionals Greater, none-car, transportation and access within district and greater Albuquerque Fill in vacancy to deter crime within district Greater access to natural ecosystems through more public open space within city
future transpor tation + access
key interstate car corridor bike corridor side street bus stop
br t stop
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regenerative systems THE ANSWER
living lab THE LIVING MACHINE AT SHARON, VERMONT source: UVM
TIDAL TANK 1
ANAEROBIC DIGESTER
WASTE TANK REED TANK 1
TIDAL TANK 3
REED TANK 2
TIDAL TANK 2
GRAY WATER
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onsite energ y
= 907,000
onsite water
kWH per yer
PV ARRAYS ON ROOF TOP AREA
district collection = 15.9
million gallon per year
street collection = 1.0
million gallon per year
TOTAL NEIGHBORHOOD = 17.9
ANAEROBIC DIGESTER current population = 325,000
kWH per yer
high density population = 530,000
kWH per year
million kWH per year
high density population = 1.4
mill. gal./year
NEIGHBORHOOD NEED: curent population = 41
million gallon per year
(44%) would need 22” of rain per year
TOTAL ELECTRICITY GENERATED current population = 1.2
million gallon per year
on site collection= 1.0
million kWH per year
high density population = 67
million per year
(27%) would need 36” of rain per yer
NEIGHBORHOOD NEED: curent population = 51,250
kWH per year
(2300%) high density population = 83,600
kWH/yr
(1700%)
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F U R T H E R E X P L O R AT I O N The standards from the Living Building Challenge will be used as an evaluation tool for the performance and effectiveness of the project. The Living Building Challenge, developed in Seattle, is often used in the Northwest. There are three levels of certification. The first is Living Building, which is net zero energy and water as well as other applied standards. Of the projects that have recieved Living Building status, all of their climates produce a minimum of 36 inches of annual percipitation. The second is Petal Certification in which the project must complete three petals (divisions), and one of the three must include: water, energy or material. Of the projects with Petal Cerification, net zero water is absent. The final certification is Net Zero Energy - the Energy Petal standards have been meet. The projects with only Net Zero Energy certification are located in climates that are more similiar to Albuquerque’s. This brings up the question - Is the Living Building Challenge adaptable to wide range of climates, and, is this certification possible with the greater Southwest, specifically Albuquerque? BERTSCHI SCIENCE WING Seattle, WA (36.15”) Z HOMES (site, energy, equity, beauty) Issaquah, WA (40.05”)
SMITH COLLEGE BECHTEL ENVIRONMENTAL CLASSROOM Whatley, MA (49.48”)
PAINTERS HALL (site, energy, equity, beauty) Salem, OR (47.36”)
OMEGA CENTER FOR SUSTAINABLE LIVING Rhinebeck, NY (47.98”)
IDEAS Z2 DESIGN FACILITY (site, energy, equity, beatuy) San Jose, CA (14.9”)
NRDC (site, materails, beauty) Chicago, IL (36.89”)
PACKARD FOUNDATION HQ (site, energy, equity, beatuy) Los Altos, CA (39.28”) TYSON LEARNING CENTER St. Louis, MO (40.94”)
DPR CONSTRUCTION (site, energy, equity, beatuy) Phoenix, AZ (8.03”)
HAWAII PREP. ACADEMY ENERGY LAB Waimea, HI (72.03”) LIVING BUILDING CHALLENGE CERTIFIED PETAL CERTIFICATION NET ZERO ENERGY CERTIFICATION
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This concept could be applied to high growth areas within dense urban environments. A civic, regenerative architecture could be added to existing communities or be placed where development is expected and then dwellings could be filled in after. This idea brings about questions - is it more applicable to set the foundations of systems first and then fill in or to organize existing systems after development? Secondly, at what scale is different regenerative systems more suitable for - are these urban environments too dense?
source: Prairie Fire
Through the analysis of this project, electricity is an easily regenerative source through on-site generation; however, water use was more than double the is neighborhood’s avaliablilty. Water use reduction would help mitigate this difference, but could buildings generate water as weall as collecting it? Could survivalist techniques, like the pit style solar still below, be applied to architecture?
PIT STYLE SOLAR STILL source: whikihow
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R E G E N E R AT I V E A R C H I T E C T U R E architecture that cultivates social + hard infrastructures
SARAH VANDER WEGEN Independent Master Project Spring 2014