SMART & CREATIVE CITIES
INNOVATION & SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH URBAN REGENERATION PROJECTS
SCE Project Asia and VAA (Venice Architecture Association) are pleased to announce the public release of a paper-manifesto called “Smart & Creative Cities – Innovation & Sustainability Through Urban Regeneration Projects”, our contribution to the ongoing debates among thinkers and professionals on this topic. Our research is not meant to respond to the COVID-19 emergency as we believe the present situation is only one of the nefarious consequences of the current economic, social and in particular urban development models and, therefore, not the root of the issue. We don’t expect to provide miraculous solutions, as the problematics are extremely complex and articulated but, as architects, we strongly believe that only a wiser and worldwide shared planning policy can provide significant benefits to our society, with these imperatives: stopping the destruction of our Natural and Architectural heritage, halting land waste, starting to better use and transform the current building environment and implementing new technologies combined with the respect of local cultures. We invite colleagues and thinkers from all over the world to join this Manifesto and give strength to it. Please share this document as much as possible and feel free to give us your comments and suggestions. Dr. Arch. Luigi Campanale Prof. Arch Luigi Croce
INDEX INDEX INDEX INDEX INDEX
01.
INTRODUCTION The challenges of a fast changing world The smart city, next step towards the future Solutions for a smart city The benefits of a smart city
5 7 8 9
02.
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES Sustainable development goals Unesco’s creative cities network Sustainable planning Micro & macro aggregation economy Heritage preservation & adaptive reuse benefits
03.
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES Four strategies to implement a smart city Renovate the built environment Create resilient & self sufficient cities Implement capacity buildings & smart hubs Combine tradition & innovation
20 21 23 25 28
04.
RELEVANT CASE STUDIES Nice - Cote d’Azur smart city Amsterdam - Borneo Sporenburg Hanoi - FeliCity smart district HCMC - Saigon Golden square
32 35 38 43
05.
CONCLUSION Towards a sustainable future About us
51 52
12 13 14 15 17
01.
INTRODUCTION
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 4
THE CHALLENGES OF A FAST CHANGING WORLD RAPID URBANIZATION
WILDLIFE ENDANGERMENT
GLOBAL PANDEMIC As of April 2020, more than 2.6 million confirmed cases of coronavirus in 185 countries and 184,000 reported deaths
In 2019, more than 14,000 species were listed as threatened, almost double the amount of 2007
By 2050, up to 7 billion people are projected to live in urban areas
Half of the world wealth is owned by the top 1%
CULTURAL HERITAGE LOSS ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
Every year about 8 million tons of plastic waste are discarded into the oceans
The global temperature has increased by 1.1°C in 2019
APAC region lost nearly 30% of its own cultural heritage in the last 20 years
CLIMATE CHANGE SEVERE POLLUTION
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 5
“DO WE HAVE ANY SOLUTIONS TO REVERSE THIS SITUATION?”
THE SMART CITY, NEXT STEP TOWARDS THE FUTURE Revenue generation
Life quality
Economic development
More efficient transportation
Increased security
Enhanced citizen
Efficient public utilities
Improved infrastructures
Traffic control
Water efficiency Data-driven decisions
Illustration Credit: SIEMENS + WP BRAND STUDIO
Reduced environmental footprint
Increased digital equality
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 7
SOLUTIONS FOR A SMART CITY
TRANSPORTATION & MOBILITY
SMART INFRASTRUCTURE
SMART ENERGY
• Autonomous private vehicles
• Smart water supply
• Renewable energy integration
• Smart traffic control
• Smart waste management
• Decentralized distribution
• Smart parking system
• Smart planning
• Energy efficient technologies
• Smart road design
• Cloud based services
• Microgrids
• Integrated public transportation
• Smart security & surveillance system
• Systems interconnection
• Privileged pedestrian areas
• Integrated urban agriculture
• Bicycles & electric scooter
Illustration Credit: SIEMENS + WP BRAND STUDIO
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 8
THE BENEFITS OF A SMART CITY Reduced environmental footprint
Improved efficiency of infrastructures
Effective data-driven decision making
Improved efficiency of public utilities
Increased digital equality
Better quality of life for all citizens
Increased opportunities for economic development
Illustration Credit: SIEMENS + WP BRAND STUDIO
Increased revenue generation
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 9
02.
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES
“THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK OF SMART & CREATIVE CITIES”
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Credit: United Nations
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 12
UNESCO’S CREATIVE CITIES NETWORK
DESIGN FILM
MEDIA ARTS
CRAFTS & FOLK ARTS GASTRONOMY MUSIC LITERATURE
PR OGRA M ME FOR SUSTAI NABLE DEVELO PMENT Promoting local collaboration for global impact
Source: Unesco
Connecting cities’ efforts to needs on-the-ground
Engaging local agents for international development
Creating new tourism opportunities
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 13
SUSTAINABLE PLANNING REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT
GENERATE INCREASED INCOME GREEN PRODUCTS
CLEANER PRODUCTION
CIRCULAR ECONOMY RECYCLE WASTE, REUSE RESOURCES
BETTER SERVICES COLLECT AT END-OF-LIFE & REMANUFACTURE
MINIMIZE WASTE Source: Bee Smart City
REDUCE RESOURCES DEPENDENCY SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 14
MACRO & MICRO AGGREGATION ECONOMY EXISTING SEPARATED URBAN CLUSTERS
MACRO URBAN AGGREGATION
LACK OF ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
A
+
MACRO & MICRO URBAN AGGREGATION OF SOCIAL/ECONOMICS CLUSTERS
ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
B
SOCIAL INTEGRATION
SMART PLANNING
MACRO & MICRO AGGREGATION SMART HUB
INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE
A
B
LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE Credit: SCE Project Asia
INTEGRATION OF SHARED INFRASTRUCTURE
VIRTUAL INFRASTRUCTURE
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 15
“HERITAGE PRESERVATION & ADAPTIVE REUSE ARE INSTRUMENTAL FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A SMART & CREATIVE CITY”
HERITAGE PRESERVATION & ADAPTIVE REUSE BENEFITS
SOCIAL • Create a “sense of place” • Strengthen community identity • Historical & cultural preservation • Develop social capital • Provide educational opportunities
ECONOMIC • Sustainable tourism development • Improve housing quality & diversity
MANAGEMENT • Smart planning & infrastructure zoning
• Security & safety • Disaster resilience
• Services efficiency
• Jobs creation
• Transportation management
• Keep land & property values stable
• Develop specific know-how
• Reap benefits from agglomeration
SAFETY
• Preservation of historic assets
• Community well-being • Community participation • Inclusive spaces • Safety throught social cohesion
• Generate productivity gains
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 17
03.
IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 18
“HOW TO IMPLEMENT A SMART & CREATIVE CITY CONCEPT IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT?”
FOUR STRATEGIES TO IMPLEMENT A SMART CITY
1
RENOVATE THE BUILT ENVIROMENT
CREATE RESILIENT & SELF SUFFICIENT CITIES
2
COMBINE TRADITION & INNOVATION
4
SMART & IMPLEMENTATION CREATIVE STRATEGIES CITY
3 Credit: SCE Project Asia
IMPLEMENT CAPACITY BUILDINGS & SMART HUBS
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 20
01
ew fn s o ces ow r Fl sou re
DIFFUSE RETURN ON INVESTMENT
RESOURCES RECYCLING
En Soci Com ha al pl nc Va ex em lue en t
RENOVATE THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
SMART & CREATIVE CITY
Impacts Assessment
ADAPTIVE REUSE
n tio ra ew sto & n es Re rks valu wo use
B Coene st fits s
NET IMPACTS
Photo credit: European Heritage Days
HISTORICAL & CULTURAL ASSETS
Heritage resources Assessment
SENSITIVE DESIGN
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 21
01
RENOVATE THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
DEGRADED URBAN AREA
RECONNECTION OF THE URBAN FABRIC
MACRO & MICRO URBAN AGGREGATION OF SOCIAL/ECONOMICS CLUSTERS
ADAPTIVE REUSE ANCIENT CONVENT
NEW CULTURAL COMPLEX
ACCURATE SURVEY & ANALYSIS
SMART INTEGRATED PLANNING & DESIGN
IMPLEMENTATION OF A NEW SHARED VISION AND MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT FOR THE CITY
M9 MUSEUM COMPLEX IN VENICE MESTRE BY SAUERBRUCH HUTTON & SCE PROJECT Photo credit: Sauerbruch Hutton - SCE Project
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 22
02
CREATE RESILIENT & SELF SUFFICIENT CITIES
SELF SUFFICIENT FOOD
SELF SUFFICIENT SOURCE OF WATER
SELF SUFFICIENT POWER
SMART & CREATIVE CITY
ZERO WASTE
DATA COLLECTION
Photo credit: Gรกbor Molnรกr - Vertical Forest Stefano Boeri Architects
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 23
02
CREATE RESILIENT & SELF SUFFICIENT CITIES RAIN WATER
SELF SUFFICIENT FOOD PRODUCTION Tropical plants Native plants WEATHER DATA COLLECTION
Botanicals Herbs
ZERO WASTE REUSE & RECYCLE
SELF SUFFICIENT POWER SUPPLY
Tropical fruits Exotic vegetables Native fruits Native vegetables SELF SUFFICIENT SOURCE OF WATER Neighborhood grapwater Pump system
Parks Wildlife Butterfly garden
Desalination Storage tank Fish hatchery
WATER STORAGE
THAMES WATER EXCHANGE
LONDON FARM TOWER DESIGNED BY BRANDON MARTELLA Credit: Brandon Martella Architects
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 24
03
IMPLEMENT CAPACITY BUILDINGS & SMART HUBS DEVELOP BUSINESSES
SUPPORT COMMUNITIES
IMPROVE SKILLS
SMART & CREATIVE CITY
EXCHANGE LEARNING
COACHING CITIZENS
SHARE KNOWLEDGE
TEACHING TECHNOLOGY
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 25
03
IMPLEMENT CAPACITY BUILDINGS & SMART HUBS
GREEN & SOCIAL SPACES INTEGRATION
HYBRID BULDINGS
MULTI-LEVEL &MULTI-USER ACCESSIBILITY
REDUCE OPERATION COSTS
BETTER FUNCTIONALITY & VERSATILITY IMPROVE SUSTAINABILITY
Photo credit: a+t architecture publishers
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 26
03
IMPLEMENT CAPACITY BUILDINGS & SMART HUBS
GREEN ROOF RAIN WATER RECYCLE
SKYLIGHT FOR NATURAL ILLUMINATION
MULTI LEVEL &MULTI USER ACCESSIBILITY
CULTURAL & BUSINESS SPACES INTEGRATION
IMPROVE WORKPLACE EFFICIENCY
REDUCE OPERATION COSTS
Event Space
Sky garden
Conference
Incubator
Meeting
Sharing office
Sharing office
Lobby
Event space Subway station & Retails
Exhibition space & Retails
Subway station & Retails
DIAMOND PAVILION - SMART HUB DESIGNED BY SCE PROJECT ASIA Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 27
04
COMBINE TRADITION & INNOVATION
Energy efficiency
Ventilation with heat recovery
Building’s airtightness
Absence of thermal bridges
PASSIVE BUILDING BENEFITS
Enhanced comfort
Thermal insulation
Environment friendly
Affordable
Credit: SCE Project Asia
Healthy living standards
Versatile
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 28
04
COMBINE TRADITION & INNOVATION “TRADITIONAL” BUILDING
Ventilation through flues and open fire Roof covering sheds water but permeable to water vapour
“MODERN” BUILDING
Heat loss through open flue
Air leakage through permeable roof
Moisture and air extraction with ventilation heat loss (mechanical or passive stack ventilation from moisture producing areas) Fabric heat loss limited by high levels of insulation
Fabric heat loss Limited solar gain through small openings and massive walls
Moisture transfer to & from permeable walls
Rainwater repelled by rain-screen external finish
Porous walls absorb water Moisture evaporation from permeable walls
Roof ventilation above insulation layer
Wall acts as heat sink Ventilation Heating
Solar gain within well insulated fabric
sealed envelope reduces air infiltration Trickle ventilation Vapour barries repel water vapour
Heating system Internal heat gains Ventilation below floor Moisture from ground repelled by damp proof membrane under floor and DPCs in walls
Moisture transfer from ground dissipated by ventilation
PASS IV E B UILDIN G DE SIGN CO MBI NES TRADI TI O N & I NNOVATI O N High quality energy-efficient buildings with low ecological footprint
Illustration Credit: Paul Arnold Architects
Less mechanical ventilation to reduce dangers of viruses and bacteria diffusion
Good return on investment due to energy savings
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 29
04.
RELEVANT CASE STUDIES
“GOOD PRACTICE: FEW SELECTED CASE STUDIES AROUND THE WORLD & SOME PROJECTS DEVELOPED BY US”
NICE - COTE D’AZUR SMART CITY Photo credit: Iris Smart Cities
Nice Côte d’Azur Metropolitan area has taken on the challenge of new technologies and new sectors, and is currently pursuing a resolutely ambitious policy aimed at improving the lives of its inhabitants, optimizing the management of the city and the creation of jobs. Nice Côte d’Azur, winner of the Idex Label 2016 and Smart Innovation 2016 and Silver Decibel 2016.
Credit: Meet In Nice
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 32
NICE - COTE D’AZUR SMART CITY • City-owned low energy • RF network for IoT devices • LoRa • 5G IoT technology • Shared Bikes monitoring • Free floating scheme • Geolocalization platform • EV public fleets charging • Management of pollution peaks • Renewable supply from the geothermal, sewage and PV • Retrofit & LT district heating • High-rise positive energy building
REPLICATION
• City-owned low energy RF network for IoT devices • LoRa • 5G IoT technology
• LEM • 2nd life EV battery • Standard Li-ion • Medium temperature DHN • Geothermal energy for heating and cooling • PV panels for electricity • LT heating and cooling network
• 2nd life EV batteries • Waste heat from sewage • Car sharing services • Smart management of pollution peaks • Predictive maintenance of CS
TI O N
RT
TO U
RES
D
S RI
AB
N
M
VA
O
Y
T
A
ILIT Y
A
O
I
ON & I
NN
N
I
TI
A
I
SU ST
MO
L BI
SM
Credit: Iris Smart Cities
RT
A
R
T G
D RI
A
DEMONSTRATION AREA ECO VALLEY
CO OPE
AR
PRE-PILOT AREA LOW ECO VALLEY
SM
S
M
S
• Multi-purpose sensors connected via the city optic fiber network
• Crowdsourcing • CUSA solutions • CITY OPT applicaiton/solutions • Individual coaching • Dedicated applications for tenants/landlords • Civocracy online platform
T
M
• Remotely controlled domestic equipment • LEM
P L AT F O R
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 33
NICE - COTE D’AZUR SMART CITY
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
Smart Grids are the keystone for energy transition, facilitate management, development and decentralised supply.
Urban environmental monitoring system use data (pollution, water, energy, waste, etc.) to increase efficiency and save costs.
Smart mobility and renewable energy generation are integrated into an interconnected system that is feed constantly.
Tourism increased significantly making Nice Metropolitan the 2nd most visited destination in France after Paris region.
The IoT platform build a shared interface with enviromental data, and GIS, stored in a localized and safe data center.
Photo credit: Iris Smart Cities
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 34
AMSTERDAM - BORNEO SPORENBURG
Borneo Sporenburg is predominately a residential development with 2500 housing units. Its linear parcels lie along the docks and provide a waterscape as well as a streetscape. Urban designers and landscape architect West 8 designed the master plan of Borneo Sporenburg, which encompasses two large docks. It is also the first high-density development in Amsterdam with a density of 100 residential units per hectare as requirement. Credit: West 8 Urban Design & Landscape Architecture
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 35
GR
S TIO
A
R W ATE
T
P P U B LI C S
N
E
EN
U
IV E RE
CE
PT
A
A
RA
T
A
D
E
AMSTERDAM - BORNEO SPORENBURG
NSPO
R
NN
ECTIV
C IN
H
L
Y
S PATI A
IT
E
B
IT Y
O
Credit: West 8 Urban Design & Landscape Architecture
U
XI
SA
GE
FL E
IL
ER N ITA
C
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 36
AMSTERDAM - BORNEO SPORENBURG
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
Borneo developed an urban environment on the dockland which incorporates urban design principles.
Housing grants access to water transportation and footpaths giving continuity with the traditional urban pattern.
The continuity of pedestrian pathways forms a continuous circulation and ease walkability for the residents.
Absence of internal gardens but the homes are back to back. Small courtyards are giving light and air to houses.
The subtracted void in the middle of the building creates an emphatic open space for public activities.
Credit: West 8 Urban Design & Landscape Architecture
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 37
HANOI - FELICITY SMART DISTRICT
Felicity concept is based on four-element : Friendly - Eco - Local Intelligent, designed by Luigi Campanale with SCE Project Asia. By creating several integrated public spaces and greenery, the technology is plugged into the district and connecting it with the surrounding, defining a paradigm of smart city that aims to create a friendly, ecological, localized and efficient living environment.
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 38
HANOI - FELICITY SMART DISTRICT
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
Green roofs, rainwater harvest and water recycling systems are applied on all low rise buildings to save energy.
Pedestrian areas are integrated with local flavor shops, greenery and water surface to create harmonious public spaces.
Public lightings are feed by integrated solar panels, that also supply energy for smart parking system.
Smart parking is implemented for both residents and visitors allowing the possibility to increase green areas.
Use of natural materials and passive design principles are visible all over the district to reduce carbon footprint.
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 39
HANOI - FELICITY SMART DISTRICT
GRIDIRON
MIXTURE OF LOW & HIGH RISES
• Improve overall accessibility
• Increase total GFA
• Consistency
• High density
• Chance to create more pedestrian areas and less driving streets
• Allow diverse land value
FELICITY URBAN FABRIC • Balanced buildings volume and open spaces for resident • Oriented High-rise buildings do not block the views for low-rise units • Differentiated products • Controlled accessibility and circulation
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 40
HANOI - FELICITY SMART DISTRICT L
A AN
8
8
4
SM
8
A
7
5
E
L
S
O
LA
R PA N
RT
PA R K
G
C
IN
I C TI ONNEC
I
F
O
W
9
N
6
1
2
8 6
TR
ON
G
TA N
R TE
C
7
LE
R AIN
W
5 HI
GH
W AY
Semi-detached villa (3F)
2
Commercial (4F)
6
Kindergarten (3F)
3
Office (16F)
7
Urban farming
Flea market Basement line Boundary line
4
Shophouses (4F)
8
Eco-cars charging station
Setback line
9
T
N
5
H
Apartment (33F)
LIG
1
A R T BIN
EL
SM
Credit: SCE Project Asia
A
4
CY
LE
RE
3
SO
LAR
PA
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 41
HANOI - FELICITY SMART DISTRICT
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 42
HCMC - SAIGON GOLDEN SQUARE
“Saigon Golden Square, a Smart & Cultural District” is a urban planning design by Luigi Campanale with SCE Project Asia, following a student design workshop organized with VAA in HCMC. The project’s goal is to reconnect traditional & modern sensibility, heritage & smart city concept. Restored Ben Thanh market is the core of the project that aims to attract tourists through the implementation of pedestrian and green public spaces and a diversified range of commercial activities.
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 43
HCMC - SAIGON GOLDEN SQUARE
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
Adaptive reuse of Ben Thanh Market through the implementation of diversified and integrated functions.
Public transportation combined with smart parking and traffic management system reduces overall congestion.
Commercial areas above and under Le Loi Boulevard connected to the restored Ben Thanh Market and Metro station.
The creation of large pedestrian & green areas allows residents and visitors a better experience of local culture.
Smart lighting, rainwater harvest and water recycling systems are implemented in order to improve efficiency.
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 44
HCMC - SAIGON GOLDEN SQUARE
Creative industries
Museum & exhibition New technologies
Conservation & adaptive reuse
SMART HUB + HERITAGE BUILDINGS
Business incubators Integrated public spaces
Integration of cultural activities Facilities for tourists
Connectivity
CREATE A GLOBAL TOURISM DESTINATION
Credit: SCE Project Asia
Local Identity
CREATE A REGIONAL SHOPPING HUB
IMPLEMENT SMART CITY CONCEPT
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 45
HCMC - SAIGON GOLDEN SQUARE
G
SM
A
RT
IN
CO
M
M
E
ET
PA R K
ERCE STR
1
4
P
3
E ST RIA
N
7
6
G
R
N
2
ED
A
EE
N URB
PT
IV E RE
D
A
2
Local Art&Craft outdoor market
5
Smart Hub
8
3
Outdoor event space
6
Pedestrian Le Loi Boulevard
Credit: SCE Project Asia
Subway entrance Railroad building
VE
7
IS
TI
Golden tower mixed-use
R
4
U
Ben Thanh market
U
TO
1
S
A
8
E
5
M A TRA T
C
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 46
HCMC - SAIGON GOLDEN SQUARE
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 47
HCMC - SAIGON GOLDEN SQUARE
Credit: SCE Project Asia
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 48
05. CONCLUSION
“THIS PAPER WANTS TO BE A KICK-OFF TO OFFER AN INITIAL FRAMEWORK FOR FURTHER MULTI-DISCIPLINARY STUDIES OF MORE SUSTAINABLE MODELS OF DEVELOPMENT. THE WORLD’S PRESENT CONDITIONS WOULD NOT TOLERATE FURTHER DELAYS.”
TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
NATURE
IC OM CO N S U STA INABLE E
L& BU ILT E N VI RO N M E N T
ECONOMY
LO
N
VE
AT U
DE
RA
HARMONIOUS DEVELOPMENT
PM
Photo credit: PopTika
EN
T
SOCIETY SU
IN A ST
A
E L B
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 51
ABOUT US
Dr. Arch. Luigi Campanale
Prof. Arch. Luigi Croce
SCE Project Asia, CEO & Design Director
VAA, Chairman
After 15 years of experience leading design in Europe and Asia, he established in 2017 the Asian branches of SCE Project, with the mission of spreading the company’s knowhow in design and engineering and the “Italian way” of preservation and adaptive reuse of Heritage buildings.
Conservation architect, principal at Studio Architetti Croce and founder of Venice Architectural Association. Past Professor of Architectural Composition at the University of Udine and Coordinator of the Master in Conservation and Cultural Sustainability at IUAV University of Venice.
SMART & CREATIVE CITIES - 52
GRAZIE
© 2020 SCE Project Asia Cover photo Credit: Lerone Pieters