Allaa E. Elbelassy 900120402
The first known visual communication, with pictographs and symbols in the Lascaux caves in southern France.
Stone carving and figure representation started emerging
The Blau Monument, the oldest artifact known to combine words and pictures
 Chinese government official Ts’ai Lun credited with inventing paper
 Pi Sheng invents movable type, allowing for
characters to be individually placed for printing.
Johann Gensfleisch zum Gutenburg credited with perfecting the system for printing type in books.
Albrecht Pfister the first to add illustrations to a printed book
Claude Garamond opens first type foundry, developing and selling fonts to printers.
 First Caslon Old Style font developed, later used for the
printing of the Declaration of Independence.
Industrial Revolution begins, setting the stage for advances in graphic design production.
Author Aloys Senefelder develops lithography
Lord Stanhope invents first printing press made of all cast-iron parts, requiring 1/10 the manual labor and doubling the possible paper size.
 First sans-serif font makes a subtle entrance as one line of a book.
Arts and Crafts Movement John Ruskin, William Morris, Gustav Stickley.
Development of halftone screen allows for first photo printed with a full range of tones.
Art Nouveau movement begins and changes design, making its way into all types of commercial design and utilizing all types of arts.
Frank Lloyd Wright 'The Art and Craft of the Machine'; basic principles of modern industrial design; future designers create prototypes for machine production.
AEG (German General Electric). This is the beginning
of ʻcorporate imageʼ.
 Dada Movement. George
Grosz, Hannah Hoch, Kurt Schwitters, Marx, Ernst, Marcel Duchamp, Andre Breton, Hans Arp.
The Art movement called De Stijl, Dutch for 驶The Style始 was on the rise.
James Montgomery Flagg designs famous “I Want YOU for the U.S. Army� poster. The poster, a self-portrait, was actually an American version of a British poster by Alfred Leete
 The Bauhaus, a German school, is founded, eventually
providing the framework for modern design.
Constructivism movement originated in Russia. El Lissitzky, Alexander Rodchenko, Vladimir Taltin, Naum Gabo.
Stanley Morison oversees design of Times New Roman font, commissioned by the Times of London.
Swiss design: Armin Hofmann, Emil Ruder.
 Paul Rand designs IBM logo using City Medium typeface
Max Miedinger designs Neue Haas Grotesk font, later renamed Helvetica
First issue of “communication arts” magazine printed which
was my semester presentation
Pop art; Pentagram Design: Colin Forbes, Theo Crosby; Scandinavian Designer: Alvar Aalto