Right usage of Chlorine Tablets by Rahul Sharma

THE RIGHT USAGE OF

CHLORINE TABLETS STUDENT RAHUL S1001115 PGDPD’ 2010 GRAPHIC DESIGN PROJECT GUIDE TRIDHA GAJJAR

PROJECT

STUDIO ONE SEMESTER TWO SIX WEEKS

DOCUMENT TYPESET IN

MYRIAD PRO (for body text) ROBOTO (for headlines, sub-headlines)

SOFTWARE USED

Adobe Indesign CS5 Adobe Photoshop CS5 Coreldraw X5 Microsoft Word 2010

PRINTED AT

Siddhi Printers, Ahmedabad

2012

Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to express my gratitude to my Guide, Dr. Tridha Gajjar for her immense support, guidance and encouragement. Also for giving me copious freedom to make my own design decisions. I would also like to thank the following people for their invaluable time and contribution to my project. To Dr. Chetan Choudhary (Medical Officer, Urban health centre, Danilimda) for familiarizing me with the existing problem in the slum area in context with my project. Mahesh bhai (Multipurpose health worker) and Ruksaar (Link worker) for helping me in getting sufficient information about the slum area and the target audience. To Dr. S.P. Kulkarni (Health Officer), Dr. Vishal Bhavsar (Asst. Health Officer), Dr. Bella Ben (medical officer, Urban health center, Vadaj), Dr. Kinnari Ben Mehta (Head of R.C.H.O.) for providing me information as well as sharing available literature on water borne diseases. To my friend and my batch mate, Sabika for helping me out in making design decisions and keeping the spirits high and also for being a great support at times. To Dhwani for sharing her views. To Abhishek, Gargee, Lalith, Sandeep and to all my batch mates. To Sumit for helping me out in every way possible. To Anuja Khokhani for typing the text in Gujarati script. To Bharat bhai, Patel bhai, Hasmukh bhai, Suresh bhai, Sachin, Manilal and the entire printing staff for their assistance in print production in the past two years. And most importantly to my family, for their immeasurable support, patience and for building confidence in me.

I thank them all for being very supportive throughout this project.

Preface This document is a written record of ‘studio one’ (my first classroom project introduced at NID), which is based on spreading awareness about ‘How to use chlorine tablets’. We were asked to brainstorm and come up with possible project ideas under the theme of water and I chose to focus on water borne diseases in urban slum areas of Ahmedabad because slum dwellers do not have much awareness about it and they don’t even have proper information about the correct usage of chlorine tablets. The Link workers whose role is to spread awareness about these issues themselves don’t know the actual process of its usage.

It is really essential to take basic precautionary measures for diseases like Typhoid, Diarrhoea, and Jaundice. Being a Graphic design student, I felt the need to provide guidance in the form of informative packaging as one of the ways to prevent these diseases from spreading. Working on this project was a great learning experience. Though there were times when the project took longer to shape and I failed to meet the deadlines, I got to learn how to handle a real-time project like this.

Content 01 INTRODUCTION............................ 006 Brainstorming Project proposal

02 DATA COLLECTION....................... 012 Online case studies/reports Visits and interviews Link worker survey

03 DATA ANALYSIS............................ 024 Study of existing materials Conclusion of data analysis Tentative solutions Narrowing down the project breif Redefined design brief

04 DESIGN DEVELOPMENT............... 040 Developing information Developing visual language Visual survey

05 EXPLORATIONS OF MEDIA.......... 064 Chlorine tablet pouch Selected form Setting sizes Typeface explorations Layout explorations

06 FINAL DELIVERABLE.................... 098 Chlorine tablet pouch Public water tap design Link workerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s booklet pages

07 CONCLUSION................................ 104 Learning Bibliography / References

Introduction

BRAINSTORMING We were asked to brainstorm and come up with possible project ideas under the theme of water and we all started with a brainstorming session where we listed down all the terms/words related to â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;waterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; and made a mind map. Going through past students projects actually helped us to look at the various graphic design medium and the approach of our senior towards the issues. We all came up with lot of ideas which could be explored under the theme of water. After collective brainstorming we went ahead to research our short listed topics.

Brainstorming on water theme.

Archiving Students Diploma Projects

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Categorizing and further narrowing down the previous brainstorm

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PROJECT PROPOSAL BACKGROUND Diseases that are spread during monsoon are mostly water borne. Accumulation of water in slums promotes the growth of mosquitoes causing malaria and dengue. Typhoid, Diarrhoea and Jaundice are also common in many slum regions of Ahmedabad. Children are most susceptible to all these diseases. Worldwide, almost 1.8 million children younger than 5 years of age die every year from water-borne diseases which comes to about 4,900 deaths per day. In India, Diarrhoea alone causes more than 1,600 deaths per day and 1.5 million children die every year because of water borne diseases. The water borne diseases are increasing among the slums in urban areas; a majority of which are at their peak during the monsoon season in Ahmedabad. Which creates a need for awareness on water borne diseases, there causes, symptoms and their prevention techniques among these people.

PROJECT OBJECTIVE Awareness on water borne diseases, their causes, symptoms and their prevention techniques among the slum dwellers through print based communication material in a simple manner which can be easily understood by the target audience.

TARGET AUDIENCE Slum dwellers and Link workers.

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Data Collection

ONLINE CASE STUDIES/REPORTS Initially I read on the internet about water borne diseases to understand the basic character of this problem and details like causes, symptoms, prevention techniques etc. Here are some of the links and case studies which I have gone through: • A study of malaria – related paediatric morbidity and mortality in Ahmedabad, Gujarat state, India. • The case of Ahmedabad, India by Mihir R. Bhatt • Tenure Security through External Agency Intervention-- Case of Vasna, Ahmedabad • Brochure of World Water Day 2010. • http://www.onlymyhealth.com/top-water-related-diseases-in-india-1300271205 • http://news4gujarat.com/2012/05/16/epidemic-of-waterborne-diseasesahmedabad/ • http://www.prafulla.net/medical-and-health/after-malaria-typhoid-cases-inahmedabad-on-rise-touch-10-year-high/ • http://www.preservearticles.com/201102173925/brief-note-on-water-borne-diseases-in-india.html • http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/waterborne-diseases/featured/4

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I visited various places including my target areas to understand more about water borne diseases and I tried to figure out why the number of these kind of diseases is increasing day by day.

VISITS AND INTERVIEWS For this project I chose Ramapir nu takera and Danilimbda as my target area because those places are the largest slums in Ahmedabad and slum dwellers and link workers as my target audience.

VISIT TO HOSPITAL For literature and collecting data, initially I went to V. S. Hospital and there I met some of the doctors and got to know about some of the facts, like the AMC water pipelines are actually placed under the sewer lines, so whenever the leakage happens the water gets polluted which leads to water borne problems.

Doctor at V.S. hospital, Aashram road

V.S. hospital, Aashram road

VISIT TO MY TARGET AREA

Goggle map, Danilimbda slum area

Initially I used â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;fly on the wallâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; research technique to observe behaviour pattern of my target audience and the problems which were faced by them. After visiting the place, I found out that the sewer system was poor, sanitation facilities inadequate and public water taps which were placed in the slums were not well maintained. I noticed that the taps installed in different areas of the slums came out directly from the ground and were surrounded by the stagnant water. There I did not find any kind of social messages or the potential areas where one can put up social communication.

Street of Danilimbda slums

Public water tap, Danilimbda slum area

Public water tap, Ramapir nu tekra slum, Vadaj

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Ruksaar (Link worker, U.H.C, Danilimbda)

There I met Ruksaar who was the link worker at Danilimda Urban Health Centre (UHC). She told me a little bit about the activities undertaken by the government and urban health centre and how their system works.

Urban health centre, Danilimbda

VISIT TO DANILIMDA URBAN HEALTH CENTRE

Dr. Chetan Choudhary, (Medical Officer)

Ruksaar led me to Danilimda Urban Health Centre, where I met Dr Chetan Choudhary (Medical Officer, U.H.C, Danilimbda), who told me about the whole chain system of the health department. He explained how Ahmedabad is divided into several zones and how every zone has several urban health centres. Every UHC has some Multi- Purpose Health Workers (MPHW) and every MPHW has 3-4 link workers under them. Link workers are supposed to cover 50 houses as their target in a day and their job is to give health education and spread awareness among the slums. On an average, these link workers have studied up to 10-12th.

OTHER U.H.C AND HEALTH DEPARTMENTS VISITS Later on I visited some of the other Urban Health Centres within my target areas (Ramapir nu takera / Danilimbda). I met Dr. Bella Ben (medical officer at Vadaj urban health center) and Dr. Kinnari Ben Mehta (Head of R. C. H. O.).

Urban health centre, Ramapir nu takera, Vadaj

Dr. Bella Ben (Medical officer, U.H.C, Vadaj)

I also visited various health departments to collect existing literature (related to water borne) and to understand this system more deeply. There I met Dr. S. P. Kulkarni (Health Officer) and Dr. Vishal Bhavsar (Asst. Health Officer) from whom I got some copies of literature and lot of valuable information which helped me to frame my project. Dr. Vishal Bhavsar (Asst. Health officer, Ahmd)

R.C.H.O office, khanpur

Store room, R.C.H.O office, Khanpur

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I visited my target area and had a talk with slum dwellers to understand how much they know about Water borne diseases and their precautionary measures.

LINK WORKER SURVEY Link workers are supposed to cover 50 houses as their target in a day and their job is to give health education and spread awareness among the slums. On an average, these link workers have studied up to 10-12th std. To get a proper idea of Link workerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s understanding upon the whole problem, I conducted a survey.

Link workers at Urban Health Centre, Danilimbda.

Survey area: Urban Health Center, Danilimbda, Bahrampura No. of Multipurpose Health Workers: 09 No. of Link Worker: 32

QUESTIONNAIRE The questionnaire contains some basic and objective questions which were directly related to water borne diseases. And I used Gujarati script so that link worker can easily understand and be able to answer. These are the following questions which I put in the questionnaire.

1) Which of the following are water borne disease? Typhoid

Diarrhoea

Hepatitis D

Jaundice

Plague

Chicken guinea

2) Water borne disease which are mostly spreads? Plague

Malaria

Jaundice

Hepatitis D

Diarrhoea

Chicken guinea

3) Which kind of stuff you carry, when you going for survey? Note book/Diary

Posters

Medicine/Chlorine/ORS

Literature

Equipment

Bottles/sample containers

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4) How many times a week do you go for survey? 01 Day

02 Day

03 Day

04 Day

05 Day

06 Day

5) How many times you get training from urban health centre? Never

Every week

Every month

Ones/3 Months

Ones/6 Months

Ones/Year

Never

Every week

Every month

Ones/3 Months

Ones/6 Months

Ones/Year

Never

Every week

Every month

Ones/3 Months

Ones/6 Months

Ones/Year

Never

Every week

Every month

Ones/3 Months

Ones/6 Months

Ones/Year

6) Causes of Malaria?

7) Causes of Diarrhoea?

8) Causes of Typhoid?

9) Which are communicable diseases? Never

Every week

Every month

Ones/3 Months

Ones/6 Months

Ones/Year

The survey revealed that not a single link worker with whom I interacted knew all basic answers about the water borne diseases themselves.

Filled questionnaire sheets, ready to be analysed.

It was quite depressing to know that the link workers who are supposed to spread awareness about these issues, themselves donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t know the basic amount of information like the prevention technique, basic treatments, proper use of chlorine tablets, etc.

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LINK WORKER’S SURVEY RESULT

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03 Data Analysis

I collected all kind of literature/materials presently available related to my project when I met the slum dwellers, link workers, doctors, government officers and visited various health departments and urban health centres.

STUDY OF EXISTING MATERIALS

CASE STUDY ONE:

Link worker’s guide book

Information contains: • Symptoms of Malaria. • Treatment of possible cases of Malaria with table displaying quantity of tablets to be taken according to patient.

• National communicable disease prevention program. • Steps to prevent Malaria. Layout is good but explanatory visual are missing.

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CASE STUDY TWO:

Pamphlet on Malaria by Ahmedabad municipal corporation. Information contains: • Necessary steps/precautions to be taken to fight mosquito bred diseases • Warning- Inspection • Contact Details of malaria Supervisors. • Slogan- Everyone’s responsibility

Too much text for people who cannot read and write-no explanatory visuals, Information hierarchy missing, only talks about mosquito related diseases, no mention of other water borne disease.

CASE STUDY THREE :

Pamphlet on Malaria by Ahmedabad municipal corporation. Information contains: • Special instructions for jaaher health • Steps to be taken to avoid/prevent Water borne disease like Jaundice, cholera, diarrhoea-vomit, typhoid etc. • Contact details

Too much text for people who cannot read and write-no explanatory visuals, Information hierarchy missing.

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CASE STUDY FOUR:

Pamphlet on Guidance for Jaundice, cholera, diarrhoea-vomiting, typhoid. Information contains: • Symptoms of diseases • Kind request to citizens for support in keeping ahmedabad clean • Come together to make ahmedabad clean, disease free, green, pollution free • My ahmedabad , clean ahmedabad

Good use of hierarchy and layout, no explanatory visuals, no detailed prevention techniques.

CASE STUDY FIVE:

Pamphlet on Essentials steps to prevent above mentioned diseases. Information contains: • Don’t use water for drinking or cooking in the first five minutes • Crush a tablet of chlorine (0.5gms) and add to water container to keep drinking water germ free. Use water for drinking only after half an hour. • On finding any symptom, immediately get the patient to the municipal hospital or urban health centre • Use ‘doya-stick tumbler’ to take water from the container • Drink water and milk only after boiling • Wash your hands before eating and after using the toilet • For patients afflicted with water borne diseases, polluted water, leakage in pipeline and overflowing gutter, contact municipal corporation control room. • Free repairing /replacement if water connection/pipeline is more than 10 years old. Layout could be more clean and visuals more simplified

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CASE STUDY SIX:

Pamphlet on AMC , World health day 7, April 2010. Information contains: Golden Gujarat-healthy Gujarat Essential steps to prevent water bourne diseases in summer: • Please co-operate when the team for prevention of mosquito related diseases comes for door to door survey • For patients afflicted with water borne diseases, polluted water, leakage in pipeline and overflowing gutter, contact municipal corporation control room. • Contact details My Ahmedabad-clean Ahmedabad

All four images have different visual treatment. Their random placement makes it difficult to understand which point they intend to illustrate and poor layout.

CASE STUDY SEVEN: Link worker’s guide book Information contains: • How to block malaria. • Symptoms, precautions and treatment.

Too many colours and shapes in background which is very distracting, different styles used for imagenery, images are not labelled.

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After gathering all the information from various places, studying the available literature and meeting all stakeholders, I analysed the collected data .

CONCLUSION OF DATA ANALYSIS On analysis of collected data and information what I found is: • Slum dwellers are unaware about how to deal with water borne diseases. • Link workers have limited knowledge about the water borne and their preventions. • Link workers don’t have any proper literature or print materials for better communication. Whatever existing literature I found was old, poorly designed and no copies were printed to be used by the link workers and distributed among the slum dwellers. Sadly, these copies were missing even in the main health department.

I realised that to help reduce water borne diseases, I need to come up with some graphic design solutions that help fill this gap of knowledge that persists in the link workers and the slum dwellers. After brainstorming, I came up with the following tentative solutions.

TENTATIVE SOLUTIONS 1) Design a set of literature/ materials related to water borne diseases Design literature such as posters, small booklets, pamphlets etc which will aid the link workers to spread awareness and help them successfully convey their message.

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2) Renovate public water taps with permanent messages on wall tiles. Public water taps which were placed in the slums were not well maintained. There was just a tap which came out from the ground. When people used the tap to fill water, it often spilled/ leaked and got collected in the holes in the ground and became stagnant. These puddles of stagnant water became the main source of mosquito larvae. I felt that these public water taps were the best place to put awareness messages. So keeping both things in mind, I thought if we could renovate the taps in a way that the solid platform can be constructed along with the walls, then it will become the area to display the social messages and also the issue of stagnant water will be taken care of.

3) Educate slum dwellers for the proper use of Chlorine tablets. The contamination of drinking water is becoming a major cause for Water borne diseases. People will be safe if they have access to clean drinking water. But because of poor water quality and lack of knowledge about the water treatment technique, they are facing these kind of problems. Slum dwellers as well as link workers are not aware of the technique which will help them to get clean drinking water. Proper education about water treatments like the use of the chlorine tablets needs to be spread.

4) Educate children in slums through ‘LEARN BY DOING’ concept. Educating children in slums will be one of the solutions which will help them and their families to escape from these diseases. We can educate them by ‘LEARN BY DOING’ concept in which they will learn about the water borne diseases and its precautions from activities like storytelling, games, quizzes etc. and they can share their learning with their parents too.

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NARROWING DOWN THE PROJECT BRIEF My decision to narrow down the area for this project. Possible graphic design

After all the data had been collected, I realized that the issues affecting the people in slums big time were: lack of knowledge about water borne diseases and their prevention technique like the proper usage of chlorine tablets, non-maintained public water taps, poor sewer system and sanitation facilities.

interventions in blue text.

Existing flaws/scope for improvement in black text.

Issues like this cannot be resolved with just one graphic output, a systems approach is required to achieve maximum results. That’s why I chose to work on the three tentative solutions (1, 2, &3) and narrowed down my project to ‘proper usage of Chlorine tablets’ and incorporate above solutions for the same because the chances of getting affected by water borne diseases will be reduced only if the water will be clean.

Unaware about how to deal with water borne diseases.

Basic Awareness about water borne diseases and usage of chlorine tablets.

No reminder to use Chlorine tablets and to Take them properly at home.

Take-home media to help Recall, repeat & remind the user How to use chlorine tablets.

mass manufacture packs of cHLORINE TABLETS WITH NO ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

Distributing tablets from the individual user’s point of view. Link worker have limited knowledge

providing INFORMATION ON

about water borne and they don’t

PROPER USAGE OF CHLORINE TABS.

have any proper literature or print materials for better communication.

design a set of literature/ materials which will aid the link worker to spread awareness.

POORLY MAINTAINED PUBLIC

Apart from these solutions, I needed to figure out a proper system for distribution of the chlorine tablets. This was required because during my survey I observed that link workers were not able to distribute the tablets in a proper manner. The chlorine tablets were mass manufactured and packed in big plastic packs which contains around 100 tablets (per pack) and distributed in dispensaries, urban health centres, hospitals, swimming pools, etc. Government had not considered distributing tablets from the individual user’s point of view. They were handed loose from the bigger packs which would result in either of the following things- misplacing the tablets or the tablets getting soiled and ineffective due to exposure to moisture/ sunlight or other factors. That’s the reason why I took a call and decided to incorporate the packaging design for chlorine tablets from the point of view of individual users, which would address the issues related to usage instructions, tablets safety and recall value.

WATER TAPS.

STAGNANT WATER NEAR THE TAP WHICH BECOME THE MAIN SOURCE OF MOSQUITO LARVAE.

RENOVATE PUBLIC WATER TAPS SUPPLY OF cHLORINE TABLETS WITH

WITH PERMANENT AWARENESS

NO ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

MESSAGES ON THE WALL..

PROVIDING INFORMATION ON PROPER USAGE OF CHLORINE TABS.

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REDEFINED DESIGN BRIEF After narrowing down my project to educating people about the proper usage of Chlorine tablets, I redefined the project brief to design a system which taken care of the following things:

• Spreading information regarding the proper usage of chlorine tablets. • Make print based materials for link worker and slum dwellers which will them to understand the right procedure of usage of chlorine tablets and also have recall value within it. • Proper distribution and safety of chlorine tablets.

Spreading awareness about usage of chlorine tablets.

PRINT BASED MATERIALS FOR LINK WORKER AND SLUM DWELLERS.

CHLORINE TABLETS PACKAGING AND DISTRIBUTION.

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04 Data

Development

After redefining my design brief to educating people about the proper usage of Chlorine tablets. I started developing final content (visuals and text) which could be modified according to different media.

DEVELOPING INFORMATION BRAINSTORMING FOR FINAL CONTENT

Brainstorming session for final content.

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SELECTED FINAL TEXT AND GUJARATI TRANSLATION how to use chlorine tablets?

õ÷kurhLkLke Ëðk fuðe heíku ðkÃkhðe ?

- first, wash your hands with soap or

- ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk

ash.

if your water clear then: - put 1 tablet in a container.

if your water is dirty then: - filter the water through cloth. - put 2 tablets in a container.

- crush the tablets before use. - close container and wait for 30 minutes.

þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? - ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe øktËw Au ? - ÃkkýeLku fÃkzktÚke økk¤ku - ðkMký{kt çku økku¤e Lkkt¾ku - økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe - ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe - Ãkkýe nðu Ãkeðk ÷kÞf Au

- now water is ready to drink. for water purification only.

Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾w fhðk {kxu s A

tablets are not for swallow and

økku¤eLkku WÃkÞkuøk ¾kðk{kt Lkk ÷uðku

oral use. KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN.

çkk¤fku Úke Ëqh hk¾ðe.

CRUSH THE TABLETS BEFORE USE.

økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe

KEEP THE POUCH TIGHTLY CLOSED AFTER USE. ONE CHLORINE TABLET IS SUFFICIENT TO PURIFY 20 LITER OF WATER.

After brainstorming for the content text, I sort down this text which are really necessary

INITIAL DIAGRAM FOR CHORINE TABLET USAGE

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DEVELOPING VISUAL LANGUAGE EXPLORATIONS FOR VISUAL WATER STORAGE CONTAINERS

As I sorted down the information, and the diagram which I am going to use for the final deliverables, I started explorations for the visuals and icons. They were an important part of my final output, because most of my target audience cannot read and write.

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CHLORINE TABLETS

CLOCK

CHARACTER EXPLORATIONS

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REFRANCES TO DEVOLOPE CHARACTER

As most of my target audience cannot read and write, it becomes important to use information in a visual form rather than text. Also forms and style of the needs to be simple and easy to decipher. VISUAL LANGUAGE After exploring a few styles in terms of line quality, colours and details, I decided to use black line drawings of uniform width to make it clean and simple as well as bold.

COLOUR SELECTION IN TERMS OF METAPHORICAL MEANING AND COST EFFECTIVENESS. I decided to print the final product in two colour to make it simple as well as cost effective. I used blue and black colours, blue to represent water, black for outlines and blue/black coloured small checks for showing dirty water. I used uniform width black coloured outlines to make it simple and bold. Blue colour directly signifies water so it became my first choice. With the limitation of just two colours, showing the dirty water in the same colour scheme was a challenge which I resolved by using black-blue check pattern to show dirty water.

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SELECTED VISUALS FOR FINAL OUTPUT WATER STORAGE CONTAINERS

After visual exploration for the final output, I took the selected visuals and icon to the next stage. I digitalized all the selected visuals to make it more clean and perfect for the visual survey.

CLOCK

CHARACTER EXPLORATIONS

CHLORINE TABLETS

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HANDS VISUALS

COLOURS FOR WATER

Visuals should be selected on the basis of understanding of the audience and not by the designer’s perception alone. For this, familiarizing oneself with the visual vocabulary and literacy of the target audience is very important.

VISUAL SURVEY After I decided the final deliverables for the project, I came up with a set of visuals that support the textual instructions. For every visual component like: water storage containers, clocks, tablets, colours of water, etc. I tried 5-6 options. After this, I decided to conduct a survey among the slum dwellers of Danilimbda. Along with Mahesh Bhai (Multi Purpose Health Worker), I visited about 100 houses and asked people to choose the visuals they could easily identify and associate to. This exercise helped me to shortlist the forms depending on the perception of the viewer. Initially there were 8 questions in the questionnaire, but on the first day when I was conducting the survey I realized that the option which I made for the ‘water storage containers’ were insufficient and the people preferred the icon of a matka over other containers. So second day I went there again with some more options of the icon of matka as well as added two more questions which I felt were important to include in the survey. Filled questionnaire sheets, ready to be analysed.

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QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE VISUAL SURVEY This questionnaire contains 10 questions which were be helpful to understand the visual literacy level of the target audience and also about how they associate these images.

Dotted boxes shows the option which were added after refinement (after the first day survey).

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VISUAL SURVEY : DAY ONE I conducted this survey among the slum dwellers of Danilimbda (one of my target area). Along with Maheshbhai (MPHW), Sweety (MPHW) and Gituben (Link worker). We asked people to choose the visuals which they could easily identify and associate.

GituBen taking survey at Danilimbda slums.

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VISUAL SURVEY : DAY TWO As I mentioned previously that on the first day of a survey I felt that the option which I made for the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;water storage containersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; were less because slum dwellers choosing the icon of a matka over other containers. Also I added two more questions. On the second day of this visual survey I went there with Mahesh bhai, Ruksaar ben and Nazma ben.

NazmaBen taking survey at Danilimbda slums.

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FINAL SELECTED VISUALS AFTER THE SURVEY

Highlighted visuals are the once which selected by majority of people.

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05 Explorations of media

After finalizing the content and set of visuals, I started working on the media exploration part. I explored all the possible media like chlorine tablet pouch, blister pack, pouch container box, public water tap and link worker’s booklet.

CHLORINE TABLET POUCH

1 POUCH WITH TABLE HOLE IN THE ICON Pros: • Die cut circle in the icon which shows the tablets directly. • Very handy and cost effective in terms of production. Cons: • Very limited space on the for the information. • More vertical tiny spaces rather than horizontal.

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2 POUCH WITH MORE HORIZONTAL SPACE Pros: • More horizontal space for text and visuals. Cons: • Pouch lock is loose and might open on its own.

3 BOOKLET DESIGN WITH TABLE POCKET Pros: • Step by step instructions. • Able to incorporate big visuals. • Two sided instruction to choose options. Cons: • Tablet pocket in the middle would increase the chance of tablets falling because of the two way opening. • Lengthy for the user • Costly in terms of production.

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4 POUCH DESIGN WITH HOLE FOR THE TABLET Pros: • Die cut circle in the icon which has metaphoric meaning with it. • Very handy for the users. Cons: • Limited space on the for the informative visuals. • Vertical tiny spaces rather than horizontal.

5 SINGLE FLAP WITH TABLET POCKET Pros: • Simple design. • User friendly. Cons: • Costly in terms of die-cut and pasting • Less area for information and visuals. • Can easily be opened by a child.

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6 BOTTLED SHAPE POUCH DESIGN Pros: • Water bottled shape pouch which indirectly convey that its for drinking water. • Strong lock mechanism which keeps the pouch locked. • Enough space for chlorine tables. • Cost effective in terms of production. • More space for the information.

7 POUCH DESIGN WITH FAN SHAPED SIDES Pros: • Enough space for chlorine tables and information. Cons: • Complicated and more costly when goes to production. • Weak lock mechanism, can open on its own. • Might be complicated for end users.

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8 POUCH DESIGN WITH VERTICAL SPACE Pros: • Cost effective in terms of production. • Enough space for chlorine tables. Cons: • Weak lock mechanism, can open on its own. • Limited space on the for the informative visuals.

After doing enough explorations for chlorine tablet pouch (form), I chose the best suitable option in terms of size, usable area and cost effectiveness.

SELECTED FORM SELECTED POUCH FORM FOR FINAL OUTPUT Structure of chlorine tablet pouch is supposed to take care of these things: • Small and compact • Cost effective • User friendly • Adequate area for content Keeping those points in mind I chose exploration no. 6 for the final output of chlorine tablet pouch. This design was the best suitable option from the rest of the explorations. It is also give you a feel a water bottle and has a enough area for the information.

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SETTING SIZES DIMENSIONS FOR CHLORINE POUCH PACK After a great deal of testing out what would best fit both handy/small and on the stock, I settled on a size. On one sheet of 23” x 36” stock I managed to allow twelve 17.5 x 19.5 cm chlorine tablet pouches with minimum paper wastage. The size had to be small but not so small that the diagrams would have no impact. The pouch would have 4 faces when open and 7 x 9 cm when folded.

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It become necessary to use Gujarati script for information text as my target audience’s native tongue is Gujarati. Keeping readability and legibility issues in mind, I explored some of the Gujarati fonts and short listed two for the final output.

TYPEFACE EXPLORATIONS There are many Gujarati typefaces but sans serif Gujarati typefaces were more preferred for its clarity. The type faces mainly from the Gujarati typeface family B Bharati were chosen. The typeface are • Bhasha Bharati Gopika Two • Bhasha Bharati Bharat • Bhasha Bharati Alok Two • Bhasha Bharati Arati Two

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

TYPE FACE : Bhasha Bharati Gopika Two

TYPE FACE : Bhasha Bharati AlokTwo

POINT SIZE : 14pt

LEADING

: 16.8 pt

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

TYPE FACE : Bhasha Bharati Bharat Two

TYPE FACE : Bhasha Bharati Arati Two

POINT SIZE : 14pt

LEADING

: 16.8 pt

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TYPEFACE: Bhasha Bharati Gopika Two. ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

POINT SIZE : 9 pt

POINT SIZE : 10 pt

POINT SIZE : 11 pt

LEADING

: 10.8 pt

: 12 pt

: 13.2 pt

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

POINT SIZE : 12 pt

POINT SIZE : 13 pt

POINT SIZE : 14 pt

LEADING

: 14.4 pt

: 15.6 pt

: 16.8 pt

TYPEFACE: Bhasha Bharati Alok Two. ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

POINT SIZE : 9 pt

POINT SIZE : 10 pt

POINT SIZE : 11 pt

LEADING

: 10.8 pt

: 12 pt

: 13.2 pt

ík{khkt nkÚk Mkkçkw yÚkðk hk¾Úke Äkuðk, þwt ík{kÁt Ãkkýe [kuÏ¾wt Au ? ðkMký{kt yuf økku¤e Lkkt¾ku økku¤eLku ðkxeLku WÃkÞkuøk{kt ÷uðe ðkMký ZktfeLku 30 r{Lkex hkn òuðe

POINT SIZE : 12 pt

POINT SIZE : 13 pt

POINT SIZE : 14 pt

LEADING

: 14.4 pt

: 15.6 pt

: 16.8 pt

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B Bharati Gopika Two

õ÷kurhLkLke Ëðk fuðe heíku ðkÃkhðe? B Bharati Bharat Two

õ÷kurhLkLke Ëðk fuðe heíku ðkÃkhðe? B Bharati Alok Two

õ÷kurhLkLke Ëðk fuðe heíku ðkÃkhðe? B Bharati Arati Two

õ÷kurhLkLke Ëðk fuðe heíku ðkÃkhðe?

Previous ones were tested typefaces with various weight, leading and point-sizes. Explorations were also done with keeping the either parameters constant for all the options. Finally, Bhasha Bharati Gopika Two and Bhasha Bharati Alok Two were selected for its elegance and boldness. However Bhasha Bharati Alok Two was much nearer to sans serif and also more clear and bold. So I finally decided to keep the text in Bhasha Bharati Alok Two.

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LAYOUT EXPLORATIONS LAYOUT EXPLORATIONS FOR CHLORINE POUCH PACK I tried to put all the necessary information in a way which will look more readable and understandable. And after some rough attempts, I came up with this layout. Overall, the placement of information was working but individually many areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s had to be improved which I worked upon one by one.

CHANGES IN DIFFERENT VISUALS According to the requirements and need, I changed some of the visuals. 1) Tablet in the previous Matka looked more like a tag rather than tablet. So I changed the position of the tablet and line of the Matka. Apart from that I also incorporated the water with slightly faded blue colour.

2) The sign of cross is the only thing which looks more organic in the whole visual set. After taking suggestions from my guide I changed it.

3) In the previous Image, I felt that the hand which was pouring the water was not needed to show. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s better if I can use the image little bigger with just the washing hands.

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4) In the previous image again, I felt that the image of above hand and the lower part of the matka was not necessary.

5) Just the minor adjustment I did here- previous image had the clock bottom aligned but in the next one I took the clock upwards to suits the layout.

EYE MOVEMENT IN THE LAYOUT Because of the bottled shaped design of the pouch, the first thing which user will see is the top part which resembles the cap. Then the eye will move downwards and goes towards the right. As our eyes notice non-symmetrical forms first, the eye will move towards the empty area and then go downwards and then again it will go upwards and then downwards. The expected eye movement is as shown in the image indicated by the Black dotted line with numbers.

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FINAL LAYOUT : OUTER SIDE

FINAL LAYOUT : INNER SIDE

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LAYOUT EXPLORATIONS FOR BLISTER PACK I came across with the fact that people have many issues with blister packaging while discussing it with my friend Sabika which I later confirmed by interacting with a few other people. The existing blister packs carry all the information regarding dosage instructions, warnings, expiry dates, etc. On the back side which is lost when the user tears to take the pills from the pouch. This important information becomes unavailable for later reference and hence is a major concern which I felt that needed to be addressed as a graphic designer. It became one of my prime considerations while designing the layout.

back side of the blister pack.

Used blister pack.

To resolve this issue, it was necessary for the important text to appear in the front instead of the back. And to accommodate this information, I extended the space besides the tablet area, leaving the back side blank. Also, I used the icon of water droplets in the tablet area to indicate that these chlorine tablets are supposed to be put in water.

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FINAL CHLORINE BLISTER PACK

FRONT SIDE

BACK SIDE

EXPLORATIONS FOR TABLET POUCH CONTAINER I came across with the fact that Link workerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s job is to cover and educate 50 houses in a day and they need to carry chlorine tablets with them for distributing in those houses. I thought it will be helpful if I can design a container which can hold 50 pouches of chlorine tablets. This box would ensure that the tablets remain secure at the time of transportation and stocking as well as facilitate convenience for the link workers while distribution. I made the box of the dimension9cm x 19cm x 9cm that contained the necessary information of the inner contents and was designed in a way that was consistent with the visual language of other outputs. The solid blue colour of the box and repetitive use of visuals on the sides of the box ensured easy identification of the box while it is stocked along with other drugs.

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JURYâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S FEEDBACK In my 4th semesterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s jury, I received feedback from Anil Sinha that the height of the pouch container box is a little more than required. It could be of the same height as the pouch dimension is 7cm x 9cm which would make it convenient for the user as well as save paper and printing cost. I reworked on the dimensions of the container in order to resolve this issue.

BOX DESIGN

LAYOUT EXPLORATIONS FOR LINK WORKER’S BOOKLET Link workers carry a booklet or ‘Mahiti Pustika’ with them when they are on duty. I felt that the graphics used in the pouch for reference of the slum dwellers could also be included in the booklet which makes it easier for the link worker to explain the process to the people. So I decided to design and add two pages in the booklet with this information, while maintaining the visual language of the pouch. The task was to accommodate the content within the page dimension of 212 mm by 282 mm. I tried different possible layouts. Link worker’s Mahiti Pustika.

BOOKLET LAYOUT -1 In this layout I used blue colour in background and arranged the visuals in a white box keeping orientation of the layout vertical. But vertical orientation doesn’t utilize the entire page area and blue colour in the background did not work because visuals which used in white box are also have blue colour in it and the colour was so bold that it distracted attention away from the actual visuals.

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BOOKLET LAYOUT -2 Next I tried composing the page horizontally. In this layout I numbered each step to guide the end user. I used black arrows and text to highlight the information. There was less focus on the information because of the blue background. So this layout did not work as well.

BOOKLET LAYOUT -3 In this layout, I eliminated the blue background to give more emphasis on the visuals. But I retained the horizontal layout and used the arrows for the steps because it perfectly utilizes the whole area and also enables smooth flow of information.

FINAL BOOKLET LAYOUT Since the white background and horizontal layout was working, I started working on enhancing other details of the composition. I maintained different levels of hierarchy by usingâ&#x20AC;&#x201C; 60% black for arrows, 80% black for body copy and 100% black for the title. I aligned the text with arrows to increase its importance.

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LAYOUT EXPLORATIONS FOR PUBLIC WATER TAPS The puddles of stagnant water that were formed near the public taps were the main source of mosquito larvae that led to water borne diseases. I thought that if this area could be renovated in a way that a solid platform could be constructed along with the walls, then the issue of stagnant water could be resolved. In addition the wall could be used as a reminder media to spread awareness about proper usage of chlorine tablets. The large area of the wall provided big space for visuals and text making it difficult to miss by the viewer and hence more impactful.

Public water tap, Danilimbda slum area

The dimensions would be 7 feet by 10 feet and the informative layout which was to be placed on the wall tiles would be around 8 feet by 3.5 feet. It was designed in a way that a person whoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s average height is 5.5 feet would easily see the whole layout and also able to read the text. A cemented platform could be built around the walls of around ---- feet and this platform could be directly connected to sewer line to avoid water collecting near the taps and becoming stagnant.

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06 Final

Deliverables

Here are the final deliverables in which I tried to put all the necessary information. Information and visual language is consistent in every output so that the target audiences not get confused.

Final deliverables.

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CHLORINE TABLET POUCH (With blister pack)

FRONT: Chlorine pouch (collapsed form)

BACK: Chlorine pouch (collapsed form)

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CHLORINE POUCH CONTAINER

PUBLIC WATER TAP DESIGN

Low scale model of a Public water tap.

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LINK WORKER’S BOOKLET PAGES

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07 Conclusion

Learning Starting from the project topic selection to making the final chlorine pouch and other output, I enjoyed every single moment. At every advancing step, I learned different things. Most importantly that as a designer we are not supposed to assume things on our own. I had always heard that graphic design is a powerful medium which can change someoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s perception or can solve big issues. During my research and surveys, some of my assumptions hit the right spot but some went totally wrong. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the point where I learned my most important lesson that designer are not suppose to assume things on their own. In fact we have to cross check every minor detail before going further. During this project I understood the importance of research to find the right problem to address when designing, the benefits of talking to people face to face and also how to frame questions to get the right answers. Other things which really motivated me during the course of the project was how to design something according to the perception of the target audience. Altogether it was a very different project which I never attempted before and which I consider to be very close to a live project.

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Bibliography/ References BIBLIOGRAPHY • ‘The case of Ahmedabad, India’ by Mihir R. Bhatt. • Tenure Security through External Agency Intervention-- Case of Vasna, Ahmedabad. • A study of malaria – related paediatric morbidity and mortality in Ahmedabad, Gujarat state, India. • Brochure of World Water Day 2010. • Top water related diseases in India. http://www.onlymyhealth.com/top-water-related-diseases-in-india-1300271205 • Epidemic of water borne diseases, Ahmedabad. http://news4gujarat.com/2012/05/16/epidemic-of-waterborne-diseasesahmedabad/ • Medical and health. http://www.prafulla.net/medical-and-health/after-malaria-typhoid-casesin-ahmedabad-on-rise-touch-10-year-high/ • Water borne diseases in India. http://www.preservearticles.com/201102173925/brief-note-on-waterborne-diseases-in-india.html • Times of India article. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/keyword/waterborne-diseases/ featured/4

VIDEO REFERENCES • Drinking Water - Clean Water http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tIuHSAbLb0 • Water Changes Everything. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCHhwxvQqxg

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