The
Appetite
for
Online
Education: Now and the Future
January 2013
Coach
Executive Summary This report details the key findings from a survey of around 500 coaches who were asked about their usage and preferences for online resources to help develop their coaching knowledge and practises. The research was carried out to provide sports coach UK and its partners with market intelligence to assist with future decisions on the format of educational and developmental resources. The following are the key points highlighted by the research:
Coaches are using (and continue to be likely to use) online resources to help them develop their skills and knowledge; they are doing so on a weekly basis from home and they feel very confident in doing so.
Differences by age and employment status are evident in some instances however on the whole there appears to be little variation within the coaching population of question in terms of demographics and personal characteristics.
Coaches state the most useful resources include digital sources (CD-ROMs, videos etc.), generic sport / coaching websites, NGB websites and sports coach UK website.
The most useful experiences of using online resources are those that allow the sharing of ideas and networking within and across sports and being able to watch video footage / You Tube clips to learn and gain ideas.
Overall however when given the choice of face to face networking and learning versus online versions, the majority state they would be more likely to use the face to face methods unless it is for the purposes of taking a test.
The conclusion that can be drawn from these findings is that on the whole coaches like the availability of online resources to aid them in their development. Coaches perceive online resources to offer them greater flexibility to learn in their own time and to access information that would otherwise be hard to find. However, online resources can only go so far in developing their skills and knowledge. There comes a point where the impersonal nature of online resources clashes with the interactive and practical nature of coaching and therefore limits what the coach can learn. Furthermore challenges can occur when the reliability of a source is questioned and technical difficulties associated with accessing the internet are encountered. Consequently we can be confident in the knowledge that there is an appetite for online resources to aid coach development however these should be viewed as complimentary to face to face traditional learning methods that a coach can use as and when they meet their needs.
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1.
Background
Throughout the past couple of decades the world has seen significant advances in information technologies which has promised, and in many respects bought about, equally significant changes in the culture and environment of education and learning. For example in 2006 The Department for Employment and Learning published an E-Learning Strategy for the Further Education Sector, which set out the department’s proposals to further embed e-learning within the further education sector. Needless to say it is acknowledged by many that the possibilities created by internet applications, PC and MAC software and Institutional based intranet systems can potentially transform the way in which individuals learn. Within the coaching industry a number of organisations have established learning resources and packages developed around access to computers and the internet that support coach education and development. However, despite the considerable interest shown in the application of information technologies to coaching there is little documented or substantive literature that captures the essential parameters of learning through the assistance of information technology. sports coach UK was therefore keen to gain a greater understanding of how online resources in coach education are currently being used by coaches. Namely this was to establish the current appetite for the use of online resources within coach education and to identify any differences across sub groups for example age, longevity of service / experience, level of coach etc. In doing so it is hoped that Governing Bodies and sports coach UK alike will be more strategically placed to design and deliver educational learning resources that are better suited to the individual coach.
2.
Research Aims
The aims of the research were as follows; a) To profile coaches in terms of age, gender, educational background, voluntary or paid who make significant use of online resources. b) To understand how coaches make use of online resources to assist and develop their practice and knowledge. c) To identify the most popular online resources / sources. d) To understand how online resources can facilitate the exchange of knowledge between coaches and across sports.
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3.
Methodology
In order to identify any demographic differences in the use of online educational resources amongst the coaching population it was important to obtain as large, and as broad, a sample as possible. It was decided that an online survey would be the most efficient way of gathering data from a large sample of coaches, especially given the large database of coaches held by sports coach UK – one which few, if any other, organisations would be able to match. An email explaining the research and inviting recipients to complete the survey was sent to sports coach UK’s Members (network, standard and full members) who had opted in to receive email communications. At the time that the research was carried out (August 2012) there were around 24,000 network members, 140 standard and 240 full members who had opted into receive a monthly e-newsletter and other related communications. In addition, the survey was advertised on sports coach UK’s website homepage and twitter account. To encourage a good response rate those who completed the survey were offered entry into a prize draw to win one of five £50 shopping vouchers to be spent at a range of high street shops. sports coach UK relationship managers were also enlisted to promote the survey amongst their key contacts within County Sports Partnerships (CSPs) and National Governing Bodies (NGBs) of sport. The CSPs and NGBs who agreed to assist in the promotion of the survey amongst their coaches were offered a summary report of results relating to their coaches. Due to the uncertainty of the response rate the survey would achieve it was not possible to impose quotas on the sample – in other words to screen respondents based upon their demographics and characteristics, however demographic information was collected from all respondents to facilitate the analysis. It should be noted that it was planned for paper questionnaires to be administered had the online survey suffered a poor response rate. In the eventuality this alternative method was not necessary.
3
4.
Results
Please note, where differences exist between subgroups of coaches based upon demographics and personal characteristics these are highlighted within the relevant sections.
4.1
Demographics and Coach Characteristics
Below is a summary of the main demographics and coach characteristics of interest. The full details can be found in the appendix. Demographics
In total 491 coaches responded to the survey, 21% of which were women and 77% men (2% preferred not to say).
The average age of the coaches was 41 years, ranging from 17 to 80 years. Nearly two thirds (60%) of coaches fell into the 35-54 age bands, with marginally more in the 45-54 group (33% versus 27%) (See Figure 1 in Appendix A).
This is a fairly similar picture to that reported in sports coach UK’s Coach Tracking Study (2012), with both studies reporting the largest proportion of coaches in the 45-54 age group. However the Coach Tracking Study reported twice as many coaches in the 55+ age band than the present study (28% vs 14%) (See Figure 2 in the appendix).
Main sports coached
The coaches in the survey were from a range of over 35 different sports (See Figure 3 in the appendix).
Qualifications
88% of the coaches reported having an up to date governing body recognised qualification. Further to that, 38% reported having at least two, 11% reported having at least three, 5% had at least four and 2% had at least five. (See Figure 5 in the appendix for the proportion of awards held at each level).
When asked about any other coach related training 91% had undertaken at least one, 81% at least two, 68% at least three, 49% at least four and 26% at least five.
Coaching Practices
62% of the coaches reported to typically coaching as a volunteer, 27% reported to be paid part-time and 10% to be paid full-time for their coaching. 4

These figures fall somewhere between the national averages and those reported in the Coach Tracking Study (2012). Consequently we can conclude that the coaches in this survey are slightly more likely to be paid (whether part-time or full-time) for their coaching than the national average.

Those aged 35-44 are the most likely to be volunteers (74%), followed by those aged 45-54 (67%). Conversely those aged 17-24 and 25-34 are the most likely to be paid full time (14% and 19% respectively) (See Figure 6 in the appendix for more detail). When asked on average how often they have coached in the past year, three fifths (60%) said at least once a week, one fifth (18%) said almost every working day and a tenth (8%) said every working day.
4.2
Internet Usage
Coaches were asked how frequently they use the internet for work / studies, social and personal, and coaching purposes. The results are shown in figure 7. Figure 7.
Frequency of internet usage by purpose
90 80 70 60 50
Daily
40
Weekly Monthly
30 20 10 0 Work / Studies
Social & personal
Coaching
Unsurprisingly the vast majority reported accessing the internet on a daily basis for social and personal reasons (88%) and for work / studies (83%). Only 30% reported that they access the internet on a daily basis for coaching purposes. The largest proportion reported that they access the internet for coaching on a weekly basis (43%). This is perhaps unsurprising knowing that 62% are volunteers and 27% are only paid part-time.
5
Figure 8 shows the breakdown of internet usage for coaching purposes by age. The youngest group of coaches (17-24 years) are the group most likely to use the intent on a daily basis, and those aged between 25-54 are the groups most likely to use the internet on a weekly basis. Those aged 55+ seem to be equally split between weekly and daily usage. Figure 8.
Internet usage (for coaching) by age
100 90 80 70 60
32
50
40
51
46
46
40 30 20
44 31
26
31
25-34
35-44
45-54
10
39
0 17-24 Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Less than monthly
55+ Never
Similarly when we breakdown internet usage for coaching purposes by coach employment status we see a not altogether surprising result. Those who coach primarily in an unpaid or part-time paid environment are most likely to access the internet on a weekly basis (46%) whereas those who coach in a full-time paid environment are marginally more likely to access the internet on a daily basis. The interesting pattern that can be seen in this data is the gradual increase in those who access the internet on a daily basis for coaching purposes from unpaid, to parttime paid to full-time paid as exemplified by the arrow in figure 8 overleaf.
6
Figure 9.
Internet usage (for coaching) by employment status
100 90 80 70 42
60 50
46
49
40 30 20
44
35
28
10 0 Unpaid
Paid part-time
Daily
Weekly
Monthly
Less than monthly
Paid full-time Never
When asked where they most commonly access the internet from, the majority of coaches said ‘home’ (55%). Figure 10.
Internet access locations
10%
1%
55% 34%
Home Work Smart phone Public area
Looking at internet access locations by age group the results remain unchanged. However when looking at the second most common location we see a slight variation. 7
For those coaches aged 17-24 years the second most common location for accessing the internet is via their smart phones, whereas for coaches of all other ages (25+) the second most common location is at their place of work. This may partly be influenced by fewer 17-24 year olds being employed and therefore having a place of work to access the internet from, but it is also possible that this reflects a higher degree of smart phone usage and confidence in using smart phones amongst this younger age group of coaches. Without further research however, this is purely speculative.
In terms of how confident coaches feel using the internet three quarters described themselves as very confident. It is worth noting that the sample of coaches involved in this research were approached via email and online mediums, therefore it is reasonable to assume they already possessed a degree of computer and internet literacy. Similarly those less confident using the internet may have shied away from completing the survey altogether. Figure 11.
Level of confidence using the internet
80
75
70 60 50 40 30 19
20 5
10 0
0
0 1 - Not at all confident
2
3
4
5 - Very confident
Breaking confidence down by age reveals that those coaches aged 17-24 are the most confident of all coaches when using the internet. Equally there is slight dip in confidence from 45 years onwards, but overall there is very little difference across age groups as can be seen in figure 12 overleaf.
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Figure 12.
Level of confidence using the internet by age
100
80 61 60
76
74
82
89
40 30
20
21
21
13
11 0 17-24
25-34 1 - Not at all confident
35-44 2
3
45-54 4
55+
5 - Very confident
One quarter of coaches report that they use an iPad or equivalent tablet to help with their coaching practice and delivery. Perhaps unsurprisingly the proportion of those who use an iPad or equivalent tablet is higher amongst those who coach full time (37%) compared to those who coach voluntarily or are paid part-time (22% and 26% respectively).
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4.3
Online resources to assist coach development
Coaches were asked about the frequency they access a variety of online sources to assist with their development and practices as a coach. Figure 13 overleaf shows the percentage of coaches who access a range of sources daily, weekly, monthly or less than monthly. Figure 13.
Percentage of coaches accessing sources
Source
% accessing it
National Governing Body Websites
96
sports coach UK website
82
Other sport / coaching websites
81
Online courses
66
Webinars
37
Online forums
60
Digital resources e.g. CD Roms, video / audio footage Social networking sites (Facebook, Twitter, Linkedin)
81 70 37
Other
Breaking this down by the frequency with which coaches accessed each source we are able to identify which sources are most likely to be accessed daily, weekly, monthly, less than monthly and never. For example the source most likely to be accessed daily was social networking sites, the source most likely to be accessed weekly was other sport / coaching websites and so on (see figure 14 below). Figure 14.
Sources most frequently accessed daily, weekly, monthly...
Daily
Social networking sites (32%)
Weekly
Other sport / coaching websites (36%)
Monthly
NGB websites (31%), sports coach UK website (30%)
> Monthly
Online courses (43%)
Never
Webinars (60%), Online forums (40%)
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The coaches who said they visit ‘other sport / coaching websites’ (81%) were then asked to detail what these are. The following is a list of the most commonly mentioned sources;
Specific club / team websites
County Sports Partnership websites
BBC Sport website
Various overseas websites / foreign Governing Body websites
Athlete or coach blogs / personal websites (e.g. Brian Mac Sports Coach, Brian Mac Better Rugby Coaching)
Google / search engines
You Tube
Similarly the coaches who selected the general ‘other’ option (37%) were asked to detail what these are. The following were the most commonly mentioned;
Books
Magazines / periodicals
Other coaches
UK Sport / Sport England websites
When we look at the percentage of coaches accessing the sources by coach employment status, overall we see little variation across employment groups as can be seen in figure 15 below. However where there are notable differences these figures are highlighted in bold. Figure 15.
Percentage of coaches accessing resource
Online resource
% Volunteers
% Paid part-
% Paid full-
time
time
NGB websites
95
97
98
sports coach UK website
76
93
90
Other sport / coaching
78
87
86
Online courses
62
73
73
Webinars
36
39
39
Online forums
61
60
57
Digital resources
94
90
88
Social networking sites
66
77
76
Other
35
40
46
Website
11
The main conclusions of interest that can be drawn from this are that coaches who are paid part-time or full-time are more likely than volunteer coaches to access sports coach UKs website, other sport / coaching websites, online courses and social networking sites to help with their development as a coach. The usefulness of each source was then investigated. Figure 16 lists the sources in order of usefulness to some extent (fairly and very useful). Figure 16.
Usefulness of online resources
Source
% useful to some extent
% very useful
Digital resources
93
44
93
39
NGB websites
92
36
sports coach UK website
88
32
Online courses
83
22
Social networking sites
76
26
Online forums
75
20
Webinars
66
10
Other
53
23
Other
sport
/
coaching
website
4.4
Experiences of using online resources
Following on from this, coaches were asked to describe their most useful experience of using online / computer based resources to help them develop their coaching knowledge and practice. Of the 91% of respondents who provided an answer the following common themes emerged;
Sharing ideas and networking with other coaches, including those working in the elite environment (20% of comments)
Watching videos / You Tube clips for practical examples (19% of comments)
Accessing ideas for drills and / or session plans (16% of comments)
Being able to access resources as and when they are needed in addition to the flexibility to access resources regardless of location and time of day (11% of comments)
Being able to complete courses online rather than going to a specific venue at a set time (7% of comments)
Finding research papers, publications and articles on relevant topics (6% of comments) 12

Being able to access information from international sports and coaches (3% of comments)
4.5
Preferences and likelihood to use
When presented with a range of formal and informal learning methods the majority of coaches opted for the face to face format rather than the online version in all but one instance. Coaches stated they would be more likely to use; face to face workshops rather than online webinars (95% versus 62%), face to face networking rather than online networks (88% versus 63%) and face to face communities of practice rather than online forums (86% over 73%). However when it comes to tests more coaches stated they would be likely to do an online test than a written test (85% versus 69%). Looking at preferences for formal and informal online methods of learning across coach employment status’ reveals little differences, however when looking at the results by age group more difference can be seen. When asked about the likelihood of using online tests and online networks the percentage of those who said they would be very likely to do so gradually decreased as age increased as shown in figures 17 and 18. Figure 17.
Figure 18.
Percentage of coaches very likely to use online networks by age Age group
% very likely to use
17-24
63
25-34
44
35-44
34
45-54
27
55+
25
Percentage of coaches very likely to use online tests by age Age group
% very likely to use
17-24
57
25-34
48
35-44
43
45-54
41
55+
33
13
Logically it might then be assumed that the likelihood to use face to face networks would increase with age. However no real pattern to this effect emerged as can be seen in figure 19. Figure 19.
Percentage of coaches very likely to use face to face networks by age Age group
% very likely to use
17-24
37
25-34
54
35-44
43
45-54
46
55+
57
Similarly, contrary to what might be assumed, the largest proportion of coaches who said they would be very likely to use online forums were those aged 45+. Figure 20.
Percentage of coaches very likely to use online forums by age Age group
% very likely to use
17-24
37
25-34
49
35-44
37
45-54
51
55+
51
Despite the overwhelming preference for face to face learning practices, the ease of accessing resources online to help with coach development was considered to be easy to some extent by three quarters of coaches (53% fairly easy; 20% very easy). Again, contrary to what one might predict the perception of how easy it is to access resources online did not vary considerably by age. Neither did it vary considerably by coach employment status. Furthermore when asked how likely it is that they will use online and computer based resources to help develop their coaching knowledge and practices, 94% said they would be likely to (61% very likely; 33% fairly likely). When analysing the responses by age the percentage of those saying they would be likely (very and fairly) to use online resources remains fairly constant, with only a very slight decrease with age (see figure 21). 14
Figure 21.
Percentage likely to use online resources by age
Age
% likely (very and fairly) to use online resources
17-24
98
25-34
99
35-44
95
45-54
95
55+
89
In terms of coach employment status the likelihood to use online resources also appears to be fairly constant. Employment status
% likely (very and fairly) to use online resources
Volunteer
95
Paid part-time
94
Paid full-time
93
4.6
Areas to develop, advantages and disadvantages
When asked whether there are any other areas of coach education and development they would like to see being made accessible online, 55% of coaches provided a response. The comments generally fell into one of the following eight themes;
More courses available to complete online, including more course content / materials available to access online and the ability to revalidate qualifications online (22% of comments)
No further changes required. Everything I need is accessible online (20% of comments)
Cross sport forums / facilities to share ideas with other coaches (13% of comments)
More topic specific features and information, e.g. nutrition, strength and conditioning, psychology etc. (12% of comments)
More online video examples and demonstrations of coaching skills and techniques (7% of comments)
More webinars and streaming of conferences (3% of comments)
The ability to take part in online mentoring (3% of comments)
One central location / library for coaching resources, publications and research papers (3% of comments)
15
Coaches were asked what they considered to be the key advantages of using online resources to develop their coaching knowledge and practices. Of the 84% of respondents who provided an answer the following common themes emerged;
Ease of accessibility. In particular this referred to the flexibility to access information in their own time, wherever they might be; being able to download or print off information; being able to revisit information; the lack of / minimal cost of accessing information (79% of comments)
Accessing expert opinions and sharing ideas (15% of comments)
The availability of a wide range of information all in one place (10% of comments)
The information available is likely to be up to date and current (9% of comments)
Being able to access visual resources for individual learning and to share with athletes (5% of comments)
Equally coaches were asked what they considered to be the key disadvantages of using online resources to develop their coaching knowledge and practices. Of the 78% of respondents who provided an answer the following themes emerged;
The impersonal nature of the internet; Not being able to clarify points, ask questions or get feedback easily; The lack of contact reduces the ability to share ideas, have discussions and network (43% of comments)
The reliability and quality of the information on the internet is not always known (13% of comments)
It requires access to the internet. There are sometimes issues with accessibility and connectivity speeds. It is not always practical to take an iPad / laptop into a training session (13% of comments)
It is sometimes difficult to find exactly what you need as there is so much information on the internet (13% of comments)
The information on the internet is not always specific enough or relevant to individual needs. It is questionable at times how relevant the information is to the real world (9% of comments)
Online resources often lack any form of practical examples. Many coaches believe they cannot learn merely by reading, they need practical examples and demonstrations (9% of comments)
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When given the opportunity to provide any further comments 19% of respondents did so. The comments provided largely fell into one of the four main themes listed below;
Online education is a positive facility that needs to be developed further, including the introduction of more online courses, webinars and information sharing portals, especially those linking to the ‘top’, elite coaches (40% of comments)
Online education and development is a useful tool but should be used in conjunction with face to face, practical learning and is more relevant for CPD than formal qualifications (13% of comments)
Online education needs to become more consistent across the sports (4% of comments)
Face to face interaction and learning is preferable to online education (3% of comments)
5.
Summary
This research tells us that coaches are using (and continue to be likely to use) online resources to help them develop their skills and knowledge; that they are doing so on a weekly basis from home and that they feel very confident in doing so.
On the whole there appears to be little variation within the coaching population of question in terms of demographics and personal characteristics. For example a coaches’ likelihood to use online recourses and their confidence in using them seems to differ little across age groups. However we do see a trend where older coaches are less likely to use online tests and online networks than their younger counterparts.
The most useful resources include digital sources (CD-ROMs, videos etc.), generic sport / coaching websites, NGB websites and sports coach UK website. To that end the most useful experiences of using online resources are those that allow the sharing of ideas and networking within and across sports and being able to watch video footage / You Tube clips to learn and gain ideas. Overall however when given the choice of face to face networking and learning versus online versions, the majority state they would be more likely to use the face to face methods unless it is for the purposes of taking a test.
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Therefore the conclusion that can be drawn from these findings is that on the whole coaches like the availability of online resources to aid them in their development. As stated in the advantages of using online resources, coaches perceive online resources to offer them greater flexibility to learn in their own time and to access information that would otherwise be hard to find. However, online resources can only go so far in developing their skills and knowledge. There comes a point where the impersonal nature of online resources clashes with the interactive and practical nature of coaching and therefore limits what the coach can learn. Furthermore challenges can occur when the reliability of a source is questioned and technical difficulties associated with accessing the internet are encountered.
Consequently we can be confident in the knowledge that there is an appetite for online resources to aid coach development. However these should be viewed as complimentary to face to face traditional learning methods – just because a coach may be very likely to use online resources this does not necessarily mean that they would be unwilling or unlikely to also use face to face methods of learning. The two are not mutually exclusive and a balance of the two seems to be a key factor. Whilst online resources may help overcome some of the barriers such as travel time and costs associated with face to face courses and events, the impersonal nature of online learning does not suit everyone all of the time.
6.
Conclusions and Questions Raised
The results of this research provide an insight into the current usage, appetite and regard for online coach educational resources amongst a sample of coaches known to sports coach UK. This latter point is important to note, as the very nature of being known to sports coach UK and having an email address means that the coaches who took part in the research were already computer and internet literate to some degree.
Similarly it should be remembered that this research does not provide all the answers and, as is often the case with research, may generate more questions and highlight further areas for research. In particular we believe the following are questions and considerations that those responsible for coach education may wish to take heed of:
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The results of the research confirm that current online learning cannot completely replace face to face learning. It would appear that although the initial rush to get into digital for digital’s sake is over, the industry is still in its infancy. Anecdotally sports coach UK have identified that learning providers are still learning and testing as they go, with no single recipe for success emerging. Subsequently there are very few examples of engaging e-learning to be found. Those who are keen to develop online educational resources for coaches should consider how they can make them a truly engaging and interactive experience for the coach.
The findings of this research are further supported by previous observations by sports coach UK which highlight that although online education for coaches cannot completely replace face to face learning, there are certain areas where it appears to be particularly well suited and desired. These include;
o
Pre-learning in advance of a face to face course
o
Post-learning following a face to face course to consolidate knowledge
o
Requirements for obtaining a license to coach
o
Part of a subscription bundle where members are offered access to a range of resources
o
An alternative to those who cannot afford the time and costs of travelling to a face to face course
Coach education providers wishing to develop online platforms may wish to consider the above points when designing the content and format of materials and when planning other work areas.
Wireless technology appears to be a fast growing area for coaches – the first iPads were available to buy only two years ago in 2010, however already one quarter of coaches report to using one (or equivalent). Similarly we know that smart phones are the second most common tool for young coaches to access the internet. This information fits with the knowledge that for 87% of coaches learning on the job is their most popular source of learning (Coach Tracking Study, 2012). Wireless technologies, such as iPads (or equivalent) and smart phones allow the coach to use them on the job, in situ as it were, pitch side, pool side, track side etcetera. Furthermore the industry is already starting to see new performance analysis products emerging that allow the coach to record, categorise and analysis their 19
own behaviour. Organisations responsible for coach education may wish to consider how compatible their websites and learning materials are for these new wireless technologies. Furthermore with the expanding use of Apps for smart phones and iPads learning providers may wish to consider whether resources can be adapted to embrace this market.
Some of the disadvantages associated with using online resources that were mentioned included concerns over the reliability and relevance of the information that can be found online. This is not an uncommon issue or one that is unique to coaching. With the presence of websites such as Wikipedia which are well known for their ‘open’ and ‘un-policed’ nature where anyone can edit the information regardless of its accuracy, and the relative ease at which anyone can create a website and publish ‘information’, individuals are well advised to only seek out trusted and accredited sources. To that end, we ask whether there is the market for an accreditation of quality resources to be developed. Trusted websites or organisations could be awarded with an accreditation to assure coaches of the quality of the information presented. Alternatively one central system could be created that identifies suitable sources for coaches and provides sport specific content. Whatever the solution organisations responsible for coach education should be considering how they ensure the information provided to coaches is reliable and of a high quality.
Assessment was the only element of coach education where more coaches stated they would be likely to use online tools; 85% of coaches said they would be likely to do an online test compared to 69% who said they would be likely to do a written test. Organisations responsible for coach education may wish to consider firstly whether this is an assessment format they are comfortable using, and whether there are any OFQUAL regulations restricting the usage of online tests, and secondly whether their systems would support this format.
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Appendix Figure 1.
Age profiling of coaches
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 17-24
25-34
35-44
45-54
55-80
Figure 2.
Age profiles by study
Age
Coach Tracking Study
Online Coach Education Study
15-24
4%
7%
25-34
14%
18%
35-44
17%
27%
45-54
38%
33%
55+
28%
14%
21
Figure 3.
Most commonly coached sports
Sport
No. of Coaches
% of coaches
Rugby Football Union
209
43
Football
66
13
Other
57
12
Athletics
48
10
Cricket
48
10
Canoeing
32
7
Swimming
26
5
Hockey
24
5
Basketball
17
3
Cycling
16
3
Badminton
15
3
Netball
15
3
Gymnastics
14
3
Archery
12
2
Judo
11
2
Rowing
11
2
Tennis
11
2
Triathlon
11
2
Squash
10
2
Volleyball
8
2
Table tennis
7
1
Weightlifting
7
1
Fencing
6
1
Golf
6
1
Handball
6
1
Boccia
5
1
Snowsports
5
1
Boxing
4
1
Equestrian
4
1
RFL
3
1
Taekwondo
3
1
Lacrosse
2
0
Bowls
1
0
Goalball
1
0
Wheelchair basketball
1
0
Wheelchair rugby
1
0
Wrestling
1
0
N.B. The percentage column totals more than 100 because respondents could tick more than one sport.
22
It is worth bearing in mind that to help obtain a substantial sample size some NGBs were asked to send the survey link out to their coaches, the RFU of which were one. Therefore this is likely to explain the large proportion of RFU coaches who completed the survey. Figure 5.
Proportion of NGB awards by Level
4%
2%
20% 46% Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5
28%
Figure 6.
Employment status by age of coach
Age
Paid full-time
Paid part-time
Unpaid
17-24
14
29
57
25-34
19
40
42
35-44
7
19
74
45-54
8
25
67
55+
9
33
58
23