Wash Your Hands Flyer

Wash Your Hands

Keeping hands clean is one of the best ways to prevent the spread of infection and illness.

Handwashing is easy to do and it's one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of many types of infection and illness in all settings—from your home and workplace to child care facilities and hospitals. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person to another and throughout an entire community.

Learn more about when and how to wash your hands.

When should you wash your hands?

• Before, during, and after preparing food • Before eating food • Before and after caring for someone who is sick • Before and after treating a cut or wound • After using the toilet • After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet • After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing • After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste • After touching garbage

What is the right way to wash your hands?

• Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap. • Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Be sure to lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails. • Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the "Happy Birthday" song from beginning to end twice. • Rinse your hands well under clean, running water. • Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.

What should you do if you don't have soap and clean, running water?

Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to reduce the number of microbes on them in most situations. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can quickly reduce the number of microbes on hands in some situations, but sanitizers do not eliminate all types of germs.

Hand sanitizers may not be as effective when hands are visibly dirty or greasy.

How do you use hand sanitizers?

• Apply the product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount). • Rub your hands together. • Rub the product over all surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry.

Why? Read the science behind the recommendations

For more information on handwashing, please visit CDC's Handwashing website. You can also call 1-800-CDC-INFO or contact CDC-INFO for answers to specific questions.

Coughing & Sneezing

Hand Hygiene etiquette involves practices that prevent the spread of illness and disease. A critical time to practice good hygiene etiquette is when you are sick or when you are caring for a sick family member. Serious respiratory illnesses are spread by:

• Coughing or sneezing

• Unclean hands

o Touching your face after touching contaminated objects

o Touching objects after contaminating your hands

To help stop the spread of germs:

• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.

• Put your used tissue in a waste basket.

• If you don't have a tissue, cough or sneeze into your upper sleeve, not your hands.

Remember to wash your hands after coughing or sneezing:

• Wash with soap and water, or

• Keeping hands clean through improved hand hygiene is one of the most important steps we can take to avoid getting sick and spreading germs to others. Many diseases and conditions are spread by not washing hands with soap and clean, running water. If clean, running water is not accessible, as is common in many parts of the world, use soap and available water. If soap and water are unavailable, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol to clean hands.

Cough etiquette is especially important for infection control measures when caring for a sick family member. It is important to protect their health and yours!

More information on respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette in healthcare settings may be found on CDC’s seasonal flu pages.

One final practice that helps prevent the spread of respiratory disease is avoiding close contact with people who are sick. If you are ill, you should try to distance yourself from others, so you do not spread your germs. Distancing includes staying home from work or school when possible.

For more information on stopping the spread of germs, please visit CDC’s Good Health Habits for Preventing Seasonal Flu pages.