LANDSCAPE-DOMINATED | Portfolio of CHEN FENG Applicant for MUD, UC Berkeley
HOW ABOUT THESE CHINESE CITIES?
% urban area % total area
Nanchang
Shanghai
Linquan
Qiandao Lake
Total Area (km2)
7402
6341
1818
356
Urban Area (km2)
265
999
11
9
14,193,600
2,134,500
101,000
Population
5,049,500
source: National Bureau of Statistics of China
HOW ABOUT THESE PROJECTS?
Linquan Comprehensive Urban Design 8127 hm2
Qingshan Lake Urban Desgin
Lujiazui Future Heritage Preservation
Xiushui Square Design
152 hm2
9 hm2
70 hm2
Categoris of Urban Renewal
CROP ROTATION FRON NOW TO 2300: LANDSCAPE AS FRAMWORK TO PRESERVE INHERITANCE FOR FUTURE
03
ATTRACTING PEOPLE TO LIVE: LANDSCAPE AS BREAKTHROUGH POINT FOR URBAN RENEWAL
07
STORY OF JIANGHU: LANDSCAPE AS SHOWCASE FOR INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
11
FLOWING BRIDGE: LANDSCAPE AS BRIGHT SPOT TO GATHER PEOPLE
15
IFLA Competition Jury Award, Lujiazui, Shanghai, 2010
Commission, Linquan, Anhui Province, 2013
Finalist in International Bidding, Qinshan Lake, Nanchang, 2011
1st Prize in International Bidding, Qiandao Lake, Hangzhou, 2012
Connecting
Using a Corridor as Structure
Regenerating Waterfront
Invigorating The Suburbs
Turning the Existing into Generator
Recreating A Theme
Regenerating Ecosystems
Managing Maintenance
CONTENTS
Activating Voids
Proposing Tours
Making Landscapes
Waterfront Renewal
Industrial District Renewal
Historic District Renewal
Villages in City Renewal
Inner City Renewal
Strategies
CROP ROTATION FRON NOW TO 2300 Landscape as framwork to preserve inheritance for future IFLA Competition Jury Award, Lujiazui, Shanghai, 2010 Individual Work
TREND OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN CHINA the Northern and Southern Dynasties
JIN
SUI
TANG
WUDAI
SONG
YUAN
MING
QING
GMD
PRC
Society for the Study of Chinese Architecture found Dule Temple(961) in 1929 Jin Ancestral Temple(1032 ) was listed as the 1st installment of the national key cultural relics protection units in 1961 Beiyue Temple(1270) was listed as the 2nd installment of the national key cultural relics protection units in 1982 JiChang Gardem(1591) was listed as the 3rd installment of the national key cultural relics protection units in 1988 Shanghai Bund buildings(1906) was listed as the 4th installment of the national key cultural relics protection units in 1996 Zhongshan Memorial Hall(1931) was listed as the 5th installment of the national key cultural relics protection units in 2001 Ruins of Tangshan Earthquake(1976) was listed as the 6th installment of the national key cultural relics protection units in 2006
Oriental Pearl TV Tower (1994)? 300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
PRESERVATION FOR FUTURE INHERITANCE FROM NOW 2000 2010(NOW)
From the Society for the Study of Chinese Architecture found Dule Temple in 1929 to Chinese government announced the 6th group of national cultural relics protection units in 2001, we can find an interesting trend that the interval between the object and the moments of its preservation has decreased from 1000 years in 1929 to only 30 years in 2006 and the interval might be disappear. At present, there is a problem in China and even the whole world that the number of ancient heritage is diminishing while the number of modern heritage is escalating. The new are becoming the old and the old are becoming decay.The phenomenon is objective and always been occurring that we can only passively cope with it.
CONCEPTION
2150 2046 PHASE1: DOMAIN OF CITY
PHASE2: DETERMINE HISTORIC AREA
PHASE3: ZONING
2300
2150 2046
2205
PHASE4: MARK THE STARTING YEAR TO PRESERVE
2300 2205
PHASE5: LANDSCAPE AS OUTER BOUNDARY TO INDICATE PRESERVATION IN FUTURE
2205 PHASE6: LANDSCAPE AS BUFFER TO PROTECT THE ZONE
PHASE7:LANDSCAPE GROW AND BECOME INHERITANCE WITH THE ARCHITECTURE
PHASE8:PART OF ARCHITECTURE COLLAPSE WHILE LANDSCAPE STILL EXIST RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUILD AND DECAY
PRESERVATION
BUILD
1840 (ANCIENT ARCHITECTURE BUILT)
2010 (VACANCY AREA)
2010 (BEGIN PRESERVATION)
PLAN
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRESERVATION AND PLAN NOW 2010 (VACANCY AREA)
2012 (ARCHITECTURE)
DECAY
2012 (ARCHITECTURE)
2046 (ARCHITECTURE)
2300 (INHERITANCE)
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GROW AND DECAY GROW
PRESERVATION
2010 (SET PRESERVATION DATE)
2046 (BEGIN PRESERVATION)
PLAN
2300 (BECOME INHERITANCE)
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PRESERVATION AND PLAN IN FUTURE 2010 (VACANCY AREA)
2046 (ARCHITECTURE)
2012 (SEED)
2300 (LANDSCAPE)
2012 (ARCHITECTURE)
2300 (INHERITANCE)
DECAY
In response to this situation, our concept is that in a radical shift from the retrospective to the prospective,we will then have to decide what to preserve before we build. First, we should make a census of land in the city. Depending on the type and values of each land we delineate the specific areas which should be preserved in the future. Then we zone the areas and mark on the starting year to preserve and update for each zone. At the same time, the landscape began to intervene and grow with the decay of the areas and act as icon and buffer in the process. This conception we call it as “Crop Rotation”, which is like the crop rotation in fields: Sowing the seeds in different dates and having a good harvest in different seasons.
4
PLAN FOR SHANGHAI Lujiazui, which literally means “Lu’s Mouth”, is located in the Pudong New District on the eastern bank of Huangpu River. It forms a peninsula on a bend of the Huangpu river, which turns from flowing north to flowing east. Now,Lujiazui is an important financial district in Pudong, Shanghai. In 2005 the State Council reaffirmed the positioning of the 31.78 km² Lujiazui area, as the only finance and trade zone among the 185 state-level development zones in mainland China.
上海(Shanghai)
EXISTING HISTORICAL RESERVE
2 2300 23 00 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 0 2300 2300 2300 0 2300 2300 230 2300 2300 2300
NORTH
150 2150 2150 21 2150 2150 2150 215 0 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 276 2276 2276 2276 227 276 2276 2276 2276 22
46 2046 204 46 20 46 2046 6 20 046 20 46 2
7 2187 2187 2187 2187 2187 87 2187 2150 2150 2150 215 2187 150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 21 87 50 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 2150 21 2276 2276 6 2276 2276 2276 2276 2276 27 2276 2276 2276 76 2276 2276 2276 2276 6 2276 2276 2276 2276 2276 2276
2 2 21 218 2187 2187 2276 22 2276 227 2276 2276 2276 2276 2
0 20
60
120
240
278 2278 2278 2278 2278 278 2278 2278 2278 2278 278 2278 2278 2278 2278
00 0 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 00 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 2300 00 2300 2300 2300 2300 2 0 2150 215 50 2150 2150 2150 0 2150 2150 215 2150 2150 150 2
CHOOSE THE AREA FOR FUTURE PRESERVATION
Zone A
SET DATE FOR RELEVANT AREA
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D
Zone E
Zone F
Zone G
Boundary
HuangPu River Waterfront(N) LuJiaZui Ring Road(S) FengHe Road(W) DongYuan Road(E)
HuangPu River Waterfront(N) West LuJiaZui Road(S) HuangPu River Waterfront(W) FengHe Road(E)
West LuJiaZui Road(N) LuJiaZui Ring Road(S) HuangPu River Waterfront(W) LuJiaZui Ring Road(E)
HuangPu River Waterfront(N) Middle YinCheng Road(S) Century Avenue, DongYuan Road(W) East YinCheng Road(E)
HuangPu River Waterfront(N) Century Avenue(S) LuJiaZui Ring Road(W) Pudong South Road(E)
Century Avenue(N) LuJiaZui Ring Road(S) Middle YinCheng Road,DongTai Road(W) LuJiaZui Ring Road(E)
Century Avenue(N) LuJiaZui Ring Road(S) LuJiaZui Ring Road(W) Middle YinCheng Road,DongTai Road(E)
Architecture
1. Shanghai Oriental Pearl TV Tower(1994) 2. Shanghai Ocean Aquarium(2002)
1. Shanghai International Convention Centre 2. Wanxiang International
1. Aurora Plaza 2. Citigroup Tower(2005)
1. Bank of China Tower(2000) 2. Bocom Financial Tower(2002) 3. Bank of Shanghai 4. Merry Land Mansion(2008) 5. Shanghai Huiya Mansion(2005) 6. DBS Tower
1. HSBC Tower 2. Huaxia Bank Tower 3. China Insurance Building 4. China Development bank 5. Standard Chartered Shanghai 6. Pudong International Information Port
1. Jin Mao Tower(1999) 2. Shanghai World Financial Center(2008) 3. 21st Century Mansion
1. HSBC Building
Architecture for Preservation
1. Shanghai Oriental Pearl TV Tower(1994)
1. Aurora Plaza
1. Bank of China Tower 2. Shanghai Huiya Mansion
1. HSBC Tower 2. Huaxia Bank Tower
1. Jin Mao Tower(1999) 2. Shanghai World Financial Center(2008)
1. HSBC Building
5
DESIGN IN EACH PHASE The approaches and strategies which intergrate the landscape architecture(LA) and inheritance preservation are being different from iconographic traditional Chinese garden. LA in China begin to dissolve into cities with more positive even radical attitude and become part of urban strategy, trying to tackle and solve the problems in the process of urban growth with the discipline of urban design. This process, combining the LA and urbanization closely, extends the inner core of Chinese LA and especially its significance to the urban which demonstrates new direction and potential in china.
Architecture for Preservation
Architecture + Landscape
Architecture + Landscape+ Lea Corridor
Architecture + Landscape+ Lea Corridor+ Wind Corridor
The modern architecture could be classic architecture and traditional inheritance in some day. Could the Oriental Pearl TV Tower be another Eiffel Tower after hundreds years later? PHASE 2 (2210)
PHASE 1 (2010)
+
PHASE 3 (2250)
=
Lu Jia Zui in 2010
Landscape
+
= Landscape
Lu Jia Zui in 2210
=
+ Lu Jia Zui in 2250
Landscape
+
=
Lu Jia Zui in 2300
Landscape
Year
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D
Zone E
Zone F
Zone G
Year
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D
Zone E
Zone F
Zone G
Year
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D
Zone E
Zone F
Zone G
Initial Date of Preservation
2120
2150
2160
2235
2240
2250
2280
Initial Date of Preservation
2120
2150
2160
2235
2240
2250
2280
Initial Date of Preservation
2120
2150
2160
2235
2240
2250
2280
Period of Landscape Growth
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Period of Landscape Growth
200
200
200
200
200
200
200
Period of Landscape Growth
240
240
240
240
240
240
240
Period of Preservation in 2010
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Period of Preservation in 2210
90
60
50
0
0
0
0
Period of Preservation in 2250
130
100
90
15
10
0
0
PHASE 4 (2300)
上
海
230
0.0
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D
Zone E
Zone F
Zone G
Initial Date of Preservation
2120
2150
2160
2235
2240
2250
2280
Period of Landscape Growth
290
290
290
290
290
290
290
Period of Preservation in 2300
180
150
140
65
60
50
20
6
浦
黄
Year
1.0
江
1
ATTRACTING PEOPLE TO LIVE Landscape as breakthrough point for urban renewal Commission, Linquan, Anhui Province, 2013 Collaborator: Felipe Guzman Contribution: Concept 70%, Analysis 60%, Drawing 70%
LOCATION & TRANSPORTATION ACCESS Linquan is a county of Anhui Province, China. It is under the administration of Fuyang city. It is the most populous county (2.3 million) in China. By the end of 2012, about 0.57 million people working outside the county. Linquan locates on the border of Anhui & Henan Province which gives the county certain geographic advantage. However, the transportation accessibility of Linquan is not very high because there is no railway and expressway now and the nearst airport is in Fuyang city.
Location in Anhui Province
County Level Access
City Level Access
FRAMEWORK STRATEGIES In the context of China’s rapid urbanization, Linquan encounters common problems in the development of Chinese counties, that is, transformation of the rural population to urban population, transformation from agricultural economy to industrial economy. How can we develop the city of Linquan as a competitive city that is sensitive to its own identity and character within a flexible sustainable development framework?
County & Key City
Key City Access
CREATING CITY IDENTITY & BRAND Renewing Historic Districts Establishing Main City Avenues and Boulevard Preserving Several Small-scale Blocks
EXPANDING ACTIVITIES & PROGRAMS Improving service facilities Increasing Public Spaces Planning Pedestrain System
District
Transportation Policy
Industry Transition
HOW TO ATTRACT PEOPLE TO LIVE
Resource Investment
INNER CITY
Local People in Linquan County
STRENGTHENING ACCESSIBILITY & MOBILITY Establishing Multiple Transportation Mode System Compact Develoment Mode
CONNECTING RIVERFRONT TO CITY
Path & Node
Establishing Urban Public Leisure Areas Building Cultural Landmark in Riverfront Creating Waterfront Green System
TRANSITING DEVELOPING MODE Establishing Career Training Center Introducing High-tech and Sustainable Projects Edge
8
MASTER PLAN / ZONING / PHASING
Zoning
Inner City Core Commercial1 + Residential2 + Educational commercial oriented mix use district attention to historic preservation 416 hm2
Corridor
Gateway
Node
MIDDLE AREA (URBAN CITY)
WEST AREA (GREEN CITY) WEST NEW TOWN
EAST AREA (INDUSTRY CITY) EAST INDUSTRY CITY
Zoning
INNER CITY
Node & Gateway
Downtown Center
Urban Leisure/Entertainment Node
Administration/Finance Node
North Bank
Sub City Center / Natural Green Gateway
Training Zone
Agriculture High Tech Gateway
R+D High Tech Gateway
Market Zone
Phasing
Phase 1
Phase 1
Phase 1
Phase 3
Phase 3
Phase 2
Phase 1
Phase 3
Phase 2
Commercial and Business Facilities / Administration and Public Services / Residential
Commercial and Business Facilities / Residential
Commercial and Business Facilities / Administration and Public Services /
Commercial / Residential / Green Space
Commercial and Business Facilities / Residential
Public Services / Residential
Industrial / Commercial and Business Facilities / Residential
Industrial
Entertainment Complex/ Shopping Center /
Exhibition Center / Stadium
Wine Museum /
Jiangziya Heritage Park / Cultural Museum / Gymnasium
Main Types of Landuse
Key Projects Area ( Ha)
Historic District / Cultural Avenue 721
SOUTH NEW TOWN
NORTH NEW TOWN
914
339
2167
Training Center / Science Park
Agriculture Exhibition Center
Road
Commercial and Business Facilities Trade Center
2433
Park
9
INNER CITY RENEWAL $$
? Starting from the public space remodeling, the renewal work should go on stressfully and moderately to improve human habitation environment, to recover the ecology of the old city and to achieve the remodeling pattern for social and economic sustainable development, while preserving traditional heritages and waterway space.
1
Draft Mass
10
2
3
4
Strategy 1: Intensive Utilization
Strategy 2: Accurate Phasing
Strategy 3: Clear Structure
Calculate accurately the amount of relocation and the size of plot needed
Phase the development plan according to the budget and profit
Articulate the city structure by intergrating potential plots and key projects
Strategy 4: Preserve Heritage
Strategy 5: Streets Lead To River
Strategy 6: Pedestrain Emphasis
Renew a series of heritages to perserve the sense of place and collective memory
Increase open spaces along river thus provide more attractions for people
Maintain and reuse those alleys across blocks for pedestrain system
STORY OF JIANGHU Landscape as showcase for industrial buildings Finalist in International Bidding, Qinshan Lake, Nanchang, 2011 Individual Work
SITE ANALYSIS Planning area is approximately 274 hectares, with about 120 hectares available for renovation. The length of riverside is about 1.6 kilometers while Qingshan Lake shoreline is about 3 km. The site is about 15 minutes drive from downtown of Nanchang and 25 minutes to airport. While there are two fast lane in this area, the transportation condition is relatively convenient. The site is originally used to be industrial warehouse area and there are numbers of large state-owned industrial enterprises. With the development of cities, the image of this area is outdated.
Strong Center
Green Belt
12
TOD
Riverfront & Lakefront Green
Visual Connection
Mixe-use Clusters
Industry Memory Preservation
Residential Clusters
Man-made Islands
Primary Roads
Nodes & Projects
Secondary Roads
Main Corridors
Branch Ways
Public Spaces
Pedestrain in Lakefront Area
Establish a powerful center by planning 2 concentric ring roads
KEY AREA URBAN DESIGN
3
5
Focus on the developments of parcels around metro station
4 6 15 Preserve various heritages on behalf of site memory
12 7 11 18
8
2
13 14
1
10
16
17
Legend 1. Observation Tower 2. Yacht Dock 3. Conference Center 4. SOHO 5. Riverfront Hotel 6. Service Apartment 7. Twin Towers 8. Metropolitan Gallery 9. Qinshan Lake Art Museum 10. Railway Track Park 11. Metro Station 12. Commercial Complex 13. Shopping Plaza 14. Shopping Mall 15. Chimney Square 16. Art Park 17. Gateway Office 18. Creativity Studio
Maximum utilization of lake shoreline by designing man-made islands
9
Increase connection between clusters and lake by establishing a view corridor
NORTH Integrate the surrounding blocks and existing road system
0 20
60
120
240
13
RAILWAY TRACK + SOHO + Green Space
In the SOHO and hotel area, I preserved railway track without wooden ties. The railway track could be the paving pattern of the plaza in the center of blocks. Combining with art sculpture, they could bring certain cultural vitality to this area.
RAILWAY TRACK +
Renovated Industrial Building + Green Space In conjunction with the renovated industrial buildings (original abandoned warehouse), the railway track here was used to show the history of site by designing part of track as pavement while preserving other part of track (with wooden ties) in green space.
RAILWAY TRACK + Retail + Green Space
The railway track here was still used as pavement for shopping plaza. The difference is, weeds were allowed to grew through the cracks in the paving in order to keep a sense of continuity with the linear park in another side of track.
RAILWAY TRACK + Residential + Green Space
The railway track here was used to seperate residential and park and to define the boundary. With several seats and rest stops, the track could be an excellent promenade in the park.
14
FLOWING BRIDGE Landscape as bright spot to gather people 1st Prize in International Bidding, Qiandao Lake, Hangzhou, 2012 Individual Work in Concept Design Stage
SITE CONDITION
Qiandao Lake (Thousand Island Lake), a man-made lake located in Chun’an County, Zhejiang, China, formed after the completion of the Xin’an River hydroelectric station in 1959. 1,078 large islands dot the lake and a few thousand smaller ones are scattered across it. The site of square is located in central area of Qiandao Lake Town and it used to be a dirty fruit market before.
SITE LOCATION
XINANJIANG RESERVOIR Z
Z
Y
Y
X
X
Our conception was inspired by two things: one is the topography of Qiandao Lake including the streamline form of waterflow and island terrace; another one is the changing elevations of the mountains scattering on the lake that constitute a beautiful sequence. Because of long and narrow site condition, I considered that we need a powerful footbridge to integrate the site. Also, the footbridge could be seen as an huge sculpture and potential landmark of the city when considering site’s key position in city. In addition, the footbridge can be used to sperate and define those smaller spaces such as outdoor coffee bar, playground and terraced platform.
WE NEED A CORRIDOR TO INTEGRATE THE SITE 16
WE WANT A LANDMARK
WE BEND THE FOOTBRIDGE TO CREATE SMALLER SPACE
B
+110
9
+109
Yacht Club
+108
Fishing
+112
Leisure Area
+108 Jogging
13
+113
Parking Lot
Restaurant
Footbridge
+116
Flying Kites
Performing Area
Performance
Waterfront Promenade
Acitivity Area
Phisical Training
11
+111
+109
Running
Observatory
12
+109
Chatting
+111
Bicycle Race Shopping Swimming
A
Recreation Area
+111
Recreation
+104
+110
Contemplation
+109
+110
Park
8
Frisby +109
Jogging
10
+103
Observatory
4
+110 Jogging
+109 Fishing
3
+108 +109 +108
Programs & Activities
5
Elevation
B
Function
Legend
6 7 A
1. Waterfront Footbridge 2. Lawn 3. Bathroom for Swimming Pool 4. Terraced Platform 5. Landscaping Terrace 6. Retail Store 7. Tree Battle Formation 8. Central Square 9. Lookout Platform 10. “RED CLOUD” Footbridge 11. Waterfront Promenade 12. Earth Covered Construction (Retail Store) 13. Club House
1 2
NORTH
0
20
60
120
West Elevation
A-A Section
East Elevation
B-B Section
17
Top of bridge as an arch makes bridge a landmark in city
Cuts that allow trees to grow up from below and light to shine through bridge to ground
Stairs in entrance region of square that draw people up to bridge
Steel support structure on the ground guarantee the balance
The design used the islets in the lake as prototype with its streamline form imitating waterflow and topography of Qiandao Lake. The footbridge not only provides a buffer area between entrance and central square but also is used to be a platform to enjoy the lake .
Urban Leisure Function Terraced Platform Design
18
Overlook deck on the bridge gives people a chance to relax and enjoy the perfect view of Qiandao Lake