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The Barbican centre was opened on the 3rd of march 1982, it was originally built as the new home of the Royal Shakespeare company who also had a hand in the design of the building. the first photo shows the view of the Barbican from silk street, the Brutalist style building was opened in 1982, the design of the complex began after the second world war, as the area surrounding the Barbican was bombed heavily by the Luftwafa during the Blitz. Barbican complex was designed by the architectural firm Chamberlin, Powell and Bon. There are 17
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buildings in the Barbican complex. The main theatre is 6 stories high and like the rest of the complex is designed in a brutalist manor, made from coarse concrete and geometric shapes, however since it completion in 1982 modernist touches have been added to the building to make it more inhabitable, such as the balcony above and the oculus in the entrance which delivers light to the dark ground floor. The arts centre is also famous for its large court, occupying a large lake and numerous fountains and a waterfall, a juxtoposition between the harsh
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View of the Shakespear tower from the Barbican high walk
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Air at the Barbican When the Barbican was constrcuted, chamberlin, Powell and Bon wanted to incorperate the infastructure of the estate into the design of the Barbican. One tactic they used was to use the mundain systems as acroteria. For example the image to the left shows how the air vents have been used to decorate the foundations to the Shakespeare tower.
The blue arrows represent fresh air and the red arrows represent exhausted warm air. This system ensures that the interior of the Barbican is always at a comfortable temperature.
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However not all the vents in the Barbican have been incorporated into the design of the building. Some are positioned that it would be impossible so as a result, they are hidden, to the right a bench specifically designed to cover the vent and below the image shows a vent surrounded by a garden to hide the vent from site.
To the right is an image of a heat ventelator, the sole purpose of this is to remove any warm and damp air from with in the Barbican kitchen. this is why the vent is covered in limescale. As over a period 0f 30 years the calcium has built up on the vent.
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The Barbican also uses natural sources to cool itself down. the main source of cool air in the Barbican is the lake. this is called deep water cooling or DWC. DWC is an eco friendly way of cooling a building without the use of energy. However one disadvantage of DWC is that the water must stay between the temperature of 3-6 degrees. otherwise the warm air will not cool down. this requires the lake to be quite deep, the barbican lake in 3m deeep.
The image below is a satelite image of the Barbican estate. The diagram shows what happens when the wind comes from the west. the whole Barbican estate becomes a wind tunnel. This helps to keep the temperature of the lake down and also acts as airconditioning for the estate.
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The Barbican arts centre brutalist style casts some unique geometric shapes. The shadows add to the facade of the building and make it that bit more bolder.
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The Ceiling plan below shows the layout of the lights in the coffered ceiling of the Barbican arts center, the plan comes from the main entrance to the Barbican.
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The Barbican is lit mainly by recessed lighting. This means that very few light bulbs are visible, however this is a modern edition to the Barbican, the original design cosisted of concrete coffering and bulbs reccessed into the coffered spaced. this can be seen in the image to the left.
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On the Main floor there is an Oculus, An oculus has been used by architects for milenia to use natural light too illuminate a space, the oculus also acts as a contact point with nature, at night you can see the moon and in the day the sun
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This image shows the development shows the shadows created by the Barbican from 8 in the morning until 5 in the evening, during the equinox, The original drawings shows the length of the shadows created by the three towers and also shows that the Barbican has been orientated in order to maximize the amount of sun through out the day in the central courtyard.
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The Plans above show how water is used in the Barbican Centre. The most obvious way water is used in the Barbican is through landscaping. The main attraction at the Barbican center is the Lake and the fountains. The dotted purple line represents the drainage of the complex. The drains run through out and collect all rain water and run it into, either the public drains or the barbican lake. I have also included the location of eco urinals and eco flush toilets in the Barbican. Thanks to the use of the eco prod urinals each one saves up to 10,000 liters of drinking water each year.
On the other page, is a 2 meter diameter water butt, the job of the water butt is to collect rain water into a tank, this is then fed into the lake via a series of drains, this is only in the winter in order to get oxygen to the fish in the lake, however in the winter when the bull rush is fully grown the lake is self oxidising.
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In the Barbican centre ecoprod urinals are used. An ecoprod urinal is a waterless urinal that gives of no oder and uses no water. above is a diagram of how it works. The urine is collected in a resevoir under the drain hole, this has a cover in order to trap the smell, once the resevoir is full, a float is raised and the urine over flows in to the sewage system. For futher details on how Ecoprod Urinals work visit http://www.ecoprod.co.uk/ urimat-waterless-urinals-how-they-workthe-hydrostatic-siphon-trap
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The images on this page show the la Barbican high walk. 3 layers of cem sheet and a layer of tiles. These pict fountain at the north west corner of refurbished. After speaking to the pr because the Barbican is a grade II li are made must fit to the general aes
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ayers of materials used to build the ment, one layer of waterproofing tures where taken whilst the the the Barbican was being roject manager he informed me that isted building, what ever changes sthetic of the Barbican, so
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The images above are taken from the basement level floor outside the theatre, the flooring is made up by 200 x 250 individually cut teak blocks. The blocks are arranged in a crazy pavement style. The floor is highly polished, however over time the blocks the blocks have been scratched and damaged as shown in the top image
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The picture above of the out side stairs leading to the high walk, is constructed from 2 types of tiless, one which is hatched and one which is striped, the reason for this is grip during wet weather
This picture shows the extent of concrete used in the construction of the barbican, and the use of concrete. The Barbican follows the Brutalist style of the 70’s and Early 80’s. the use of geometric shapes to stand out is reinforced by the use of such a heavy material like concrete. By using different types of concrete, such as course pebble dash concrete and smooth concrete the architects have added to the complexity of the design. Chamberlin and Powell used the course, heavy concrete for the important structural pillars, this is too give the impression of strength. They also use smooth and lighter concrete for the ceiling and the stairways, this is to give the impression of lightness, almost to the extent of floating, even though the material still used is incredibly heavy. Concrete is also a fantastic acoustic material, so music travels through out the complex well. www.magazinename.com
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The image above is the official Energy performance rating for the Barbican Arts centre, although the Barbican is above standard its energy levels can be improved for example heating could be more regulated. currently in the barbican the Heating is unregulated and is on in the daytime and off at night. The only way of regulating the heating is too open the windows. Also the amount of electricity used by the Barbican is astonishing, The majority of the electricity is used for lighting. As the Barbican is quite a dark space, with very few windows, it relies heavily on artificial light.
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The diagram above shows how the Barbican Greenhouse retains Heat produced by the suns rays. The Barbican Conservatory uses 3mm thick safety glass which is thick enough to retain enough heat to keep the tropical plants alive.
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The map above shows a radius of 250miles from the Barbican, The Barbican arts center only source all the food from a 250 radius, this means that less transport is needed for the food to arrive at the Barbican and therefore it lowers the Barbicans carbon foot print, it also aids local commerce.
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The Barbican center is on the fore front of green intiatives, they have won numerous amounts of awards inlcluding the clean city award in 2010 and the change london awards in 2011. The Barbicn is still moving forward and developing future plans to improve their energy rsting. The Barbican is also almost carbon neutral, this is due to a large number of plants on site which absorb any carbon dioxide emmisions. According to a city of london corporation report the Barbican has reduced its energy use by 7.9% in two years, this is roughly enough to power an entire street for 2 weeks.
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Theese bins are located all over the Barbican, inside and out, both bins give you the option to recycle one for paper the other for general recycling. The bins were designed by WYbone, a company dedicated to the design of bins. The design above it self has only a small carbon foot print this is due to the fact that 80% of the material used (polypropylene) has been recycled with only 20% being virgin material. Orange sqaures on the map represent the general recycling bins and the green represent paper and card recycling, whilst at the Barbican I noticed that the number of recycling bins to general waste bins was greater. So by not providing sufficient amount of general waste bins, the Barbican encourages the visitor to actively recycle. Page 29
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The Above Grid shows what can be recycled in the flats at the Barbican. The grid does not include food however the Barbican now has a 100% food recyling regime. below is a full map of the Barbican complex showing the locations of each Mass disposal unit, a list of each product that can be recycled is also attached to the right.
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