EXPLORE MAGNIFY Exploring and Magnifying Singapore’s treasures
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MONUMENTS Reader PDF.indd 2-3
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD 2/25/2013 3:03:37 AM
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NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD 2/25/2013 3:03:37 AM
EXPLORE MAGNIFY
EXPLORE MAGNIFY
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
CONTENT PAGE
FOREWORD A National Heritage Board Initiative
This Publication serves as a guide to encourage and bring about greater awareness and knowledge by exploring and magnifying Singapore’s national monuments that have been frequently overlooked in the civic district. Taking you on a journey of beauty and awe-inspiring sights. By exploring its vast rich history and culture of each monument and magnifying the vibrancy of its design, architecture and purpose. We hope to inspire you with a different perspective and create a stronger awareness of these monuments within our midst and reminding you that is the journey that matters the most, not the destination, so stop and smell the roses, pay attention to the details. With treasures within our reach, take the effort to appreciate them while we are still able to.
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Cathedral of the Good Shepherd 01 Saint Andrew’s Cathedral 09 Church of Saints Peter and Paul 17 Armenian Apostolic Church of Saint Gregory 25 Abdul Gafoor Mosque 33 Saint Joseph’s Church 41 Sri Perumal Temple 49 Raffles Hotel 57 Directory 66
2/25/2013 3:03:42 AM
EXPLORE MAGNIFY
EXPLORE MAGNIFY
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
CONTENT PAGE
FOREWORD A National Heritage Board Initiative
This Publication serves as a guide to encourage and bring about greater awareness and knowledge by exploring and magnifying Singapore’s national monuments that have been frequently overlooked in the civic district. Taking you on a journey of beauty and awe-inspiring sights. By exploring its vast rich history and culture of each monument and magnifying the vibrancy of its design, architecture and purpose. We hope to inspire you with a different perspective and create a stronger awareness of these monuments within our midst and reminding you that is the journey that matters the most, not the destination, so stop and smell the roses, pay attention to the details. With treasures within our reach, take the effort to appreciate them while we are still able to.
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01
09
17
25
33
41
49
57
Cathedral of the Good Shepherd 01 Saint Andrew’s Cathedral 09 Church of Saints Peter and Paul 17 Armenian Apostolic Church of Saint Gregory 25 Abdul Gafoor Mosque 33 Saint Joseph’s Church 41 Sri Perumal Temple 49 Raffles Hotel 57 Directory 66
2/25/2013 3:03:42 AM
Bras Basah’s
CAthedral ofthe good shepherd 1
CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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Bras Basah’s
CAthedral ofthe good shepherd 1
CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD A Queen Street Singapore 188533
Upon entering the cathedral through the centre door at the entrance, one will see the statues of Saint Anthony of Padua and Saint Francis Xavier, the cast- iron Composite columns and spiral staircases supporting the gallery above. To the left sits a statue of the Pietà and a statue of Saint Joseph stands at the opposite end. There are eight large arched windows together with the six other at the transept and two morte at the sacristy. The original timber casements of the windows were replaced by glass shutters after World War II. Cathedral was presented with the stained glasses in the nave and transept by Bishop Charles Arsène Bourdon. The ceiling is made from timber in a concave form and made up of six rectangular panels in 3 rows. All eighteen panels are ornamented with each having a rectangular border and centralized decorated circle which hangs a lamp. The circles in the centre row are larger and more elaborated then its flanking circles. The ceiling edge ends in a border of heavily moulded plaster that runs along the length of the cathedral.
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD A Queen Street Singapore 188533
Upon entering the cathedral through the centre door at the entrance, one will see the statues of Saint Anthony of Padua and Saint Francis Xavier, the cast- iron Composite columns and spiral staircases supporting the gallery above. To the left sits a statue of the Pietà and a statue of Saint Joseph stands at the opposite end. There are eight large arched windows together with the six other at the transept and two morte at the sacristy. The original timber casements of the windows were replaced by glass shutters after World War II. Cathedral was presented with the stained glasses in the nave and transept by Bishop Charles Arsène Bourdon. The ceiling is made from timber in a concave form and made up of six rectangular panels in 3 rows. All eighteen panels are ornamented with each having a rectangular border and centralized decorated circle which hangs a lamp. The circles in the centre row are larger and more elaborated then its flanking circles. The ceiling edge ends in a border of heavily moulded plaster that runs along the length of the cathedral.
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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"TO A PLACE OF SAnctity AND worship." The Catholic Church received the plot of land where the cathedral now stands as early as 1822. However, only in 1832, the arrival of Father J. B. Boucho built the first cathedral there. To fund the cost of the wood-and-attap construction, money was raised through public subscription. In February 1843, a dynamic French priest, Father Jean-Marie Beurel, convinced the colonial government at that time to provide the Catholic mission with a plot of land diagonally opposite, at the corner of Queen Street and Bras Basah Road. The plot became the location for the Church of the Good Shepherd. On 18 June 1843, the foundation stone was laid by John Conolly who was a merchant resident in Singapore. In 1888, due to the growing Catholic population in Singapore, the church was raised to the status of a cathedral. The Cathedral was gazetted as a national monument on 28 June 1973.
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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"TO A PLACE OF SAnctity AND worship." The Catholic Church received the plot of land where the cathedral now stands as early as 1822. However, only in 1832, the arrival of Father J. B. Boucho built the first cathedral there. To fund the cost of the wood-and-attap construction, money was raised through public subscription. In February 1843, a dynamic French priest, Father Jean-Marie Beurel, convinced the colonial government at that time to provide the Catholic mission with a plot of land diagonally opposite, at the corner of Queen Street and Bras Basah Road. The plot became the location for the Church of the Good Shepherd. On 18 June 1843, the foundation stone was laid by John Conolly who was a merchant resident in Singapore. In 1888, due to the growing Catholic population in Singapore, the church was raised to the status of a cathedral. The Cathedral was gazetted as a national monument on 28 June 1973.
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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t he church was raised to the status of a cathedral. – Page 5
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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t he church was raised to the status of a cathedral. – Page 5
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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CATHEDRAL OF THE GOOD SHEPHERD
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City Hall’s
Saint andrew's cathedral 9
SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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City Hall’s
Saint andrew's cathedral 9
SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL 11 St.Andrew’s Road Singapore 178959
The standing structure is 68.58m (225ft) long and 35.5m (115ft) wide. The building features chunam plaster, a mixture made from shell lime, egg white, coarse sugar, and water in which coconut husks had been steeped. After drying, the plastered walls and columns were polished with rock crystal or rounded stones and dusted with fine soapstone powder, giving the building a distinctive white exterior. Even nails have difficulty penetrating it due to its strength. The architect is said to have drawn inspiration for aspects of the design from a ruined thirteenth century church in Hampshire, England. The piers of the nave of Saint Andrew’s closely resemble piers at Netley. Sir Stamford Raffles; John Crawfurd, the first Major Resident of Singapore; and Major General William Butterworth, Governor of the Straits Settlements each had a stained glass dedicated to them. MacPherson is remembered in the grey and red granite memorial monument surmounted by a Maltese cross in the grounds and by the stained glass window over the west door.Jalan Klapa was renamed to MacPherson Road in remembrance of his work.
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL 11 St.Andrew’s Road Singapore 178959
The standing structure is 68.58m (225ft) long and 35.5m (115ft) wide. The building features chunam plaster, a mixture made from shell lime, egg white, coarse sugar, and water in which coconut husks had been steeped. After drying, the plastered walls and columns were polished with rock crystal or rounded stones and dusted with fine soapstone powder, giving the building a distinctive white exterior. Even nails have difficulty penetrating it due to its strength. The architect is said to have drawn inspiration for aspects of the design from a ruined thirteenth century church in Hampshire, England. The piers of the nave of Saint Andrew’s closely resemble piers at Netley. Sir Stamford Raffles; John Crawfurd, the first Major Resident of Singapore; and Major General William Butterworth, Governor of the Straits Settlements each had a stained glass dedicated to them. MacPherson is remembered in the grey and red granite memorial monument surmounted by a Maltese cross in the grounds and by the stained glass window over the west door.Jalan Klapa was renamed to MacPherson Road in remembrance of his work.
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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"Ageless, and simply magnificent." Built in the early English gothic style, the cathedral was designed by Col. MacPherson to replace an earlier building designed and built in 1834¬ to 1837 by G.D. Coleman. Twice struck by lightning, it was considered unsafe and was closed in 1852. The foundation stone of the present building was laid by Bishop Daniel Wilson of Calcutta on 4 March 1856.The Church was consecrated by his successor Bishop G.E.L Cotton on 25 January 1862. The tower, lower than that originally conceived was finished in its present form in 1963. Much of the detail work was done by J. Bennett under the supervision of Major J.F.A McNair. The Indian convicts in the settlement provided the necessary labour. The north Transept was added in 1952 and the south Transept in 1983. It was gazetted as a National monument on 28 June 1973.
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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"Ageless, and simply magnificent." Built in the early English gothic style, the cathedral was designed by Col. MacPherson to replace an earlier building designed and built in 1834¬ to 1837 by G.D. Coleman. Twice struck by lightning, it was considered unsafe and was closed in 1852. The foundation stone of the present building was laid by Bishop Daniel Wilson of Calcutta on 4 March 1856.The Church was consecrated by his successor Bishop G.E.L Cotton on 25 January 1862. The tower, lower than that originally conceived was finished in its present form in 1963. Much of the detail work was done by J. Bennett under the supervision of Major J.F.A McNair. The Indian convicts in the settlement provided the necessary labour. The north Transept was added in 1952 and the south Transept in 1983. It was gazetted as a National monument on 28 June 1973.
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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The Indian convicts in the settlement provided the necessary labour. – Page 13
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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The Indian convicts in the settlement provided the necessary labour. – Page 13
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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SAINT ANDREW’S CATHEDRAL
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Bras Basah’s
church of saint peter and paul 17
CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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Bras Basah’s
church of saint peter and paul 17
CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL 225A Queen Street Singapore 188551
The church was built and designed in a tropical Gothic style, a popular architectural style during the colonial period in Singapore. The faรงade features the statues of Saint Peter and Saint Paul. Three bronze bells within the square belfry are still in use today. The bells were cast in Mans, France, and are decorated on the rims with engravings of Christ and the Virgin Mary. Inside the church, there are five stained glass windows made in France and installed around 1870. The patron saints, Peter and Paul, and St Joseph were featured on the glass.
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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By the 1860s, the original Church proved to be too small and was enlarged between 1891 and 1892 by Father F. Vignol. Three marble altars, a new transept and sacristy were included in the renovation. Between 1901 and 1902, wooden columns were replaced by steel ones as well as extensions to the choir loft, porch and faรงade were paid for by Low Gek Seng and a prominent Chinese Catholic, Joseph Chan Teck Hee.
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL 225A Queen Street Singapore 188551
The church was built and designed in a tropical Gothic style, a popular architectural style during the colonial period in Singapore. The faรงade features the statues of Saint Peter and Saint Paul. Three bronze bells within the square belfry are still in use today. The bells were cast in Mans, France, and are decorated on the rims with engravings of Christ and the Virgin Mary. Inside the church, there are five stained glass windows made in France and installed around 1870. The patron saints, Peter and Paul, and St Joseph were featured on the glass.
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
Reader PDF.indd 24-25
By the 1860s, the original Church proved to be too small and was enlarged between 1891 and 1892 by Father F. Vignol. Three marble altars, a new transept and sacristy were included in the renovation. Between 1901 and 1902, wooden columns were replaced by steel ones as well as extensions to the choir loft, porch and faรงade were paid for by Low Gek Seng and a prominent Chinese Catholic, Joseph Chan Teck Hee.
CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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"warmth and tranquillity takes you." In the 1830s, a small chapel was erected at Bras Basah Road, the site of the former Saint Joseph’s Institution (currently the Singapore Art Museum) catered to religious needs of the Chinese Catholic community. With the growing number of worshipper, the chapel proved to be too small and when the Cathedral of the Good Shepherd opened nearby in 1847, the Chinese congregation joined worshippers there. Subsequently, as the needs of various linguistic groups grew, Father Pierre Paris, who oversaw the needs of Chinese and Indian Catholics then, made plans to build a new church. The Church of Saints Peter & Paul was thus built and completed in 1870. The church was named after Saint Peter, the leading apostle of Christ, and Saint Paul of Tarsus, who is known for his conversion to Christianity while travelling to Damascus. Pedro Tan Neo Keah, a prominent Chinese Catholic, contributed significantly to the construction of the church and also encouraged people to donate to the cause. When Father Paris died in 1883 and his remains, together with another founder of the church, Father Adolphe Issaly, were interred at the church. The Church was gazetted a national monument on 10 February 2003.
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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"warmth and tranquillity takes you." In the 1830s, a small chapel was erected at Bras Basah Road, the site of the former Saint Joseph’s Institution (currently the Singapore Art Museum) catered to religious needs of the Chinese Catholic community. With the growing number of worshipper, the chapel proved to be too small and when the Cathedral of the Good Shepherd opened nearby in 1847, the Chinese congregation joined worshippers there. Subsequently, as the needs of various linguistic groups grew, Father Pierre Paris, who oversaw the needs of Chinese and Indian Catholics then, made plans to build a new church. The Church of Saints Peter & Paul was thus built and completed in 1870. The church was named after Saint Peter, the leading apostle of Christ, and Saint Paul of Tarsus, who is known for his conversion to Christianity while travelling to Damascus. Pedro Tan Neo Keah, a prominent Chinese Catholic, contributed significantly to the construction of the church and also encouraged people to donate to the cause. When Father Paris died in 1883 and his remains, together with another founder of the church, Father Adolphe Issaly, were interred at the church. The Church was gazetted a national monument on 10 February 2003.
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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City Hall’s
Armenian apostolic Church of saint gregory 25
ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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City Hall’s
Armenian apostolic Church of saint gregory 25
ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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With the growing number of worshippers, the chapel proved to be too small. – Page 21
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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With the growing number of worshippers, the chapel proved to be too small. – Page 21
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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CHURCH OF SAINTS PETER AND PAUL
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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Considered G. D. Coleman’s masterpiece as it cleverly combines the symmetry of Palladian architecture together with the practical details of Eastern architecture such as louvres and wide verandahs. Its original design is considered a similar resemblance to the mother church of St Gregory in Etchmiadzin, Vagarshapat in northern Armenia. Complying with tradition, the chapel faces east which meant that its entrance faced away from the main road. The porticoes are regarded as one of its outstanding features, held up by Roman Doric columns and pilasters. Originally serving to shelter the gharries of the well-to-do, it was later converted for pedestrian use with steps added to it. In 1847, the octagonal cone supporting a bell turret was replaced after the original dome was deemed unsafe but the turret and steeple were again replaced in 1853 with today’s pitched roof and spire, built by George Maddock. M addock’s spire is often criticised for hiding the church’s true Armenian features, but its distinctive circular shape is still evident from the interior. Reflecting its original domed roof, the interior is a complete circle of 36ft or about 11m in diameter with a semicircular chancel 18ft or 5.5m wide on the east. By the altar stands a painting of the Last Supper, while draped beside it are heavy curtains.Despite its small size, the church has two vestries and two side rooms for staircases.
ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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Considered G. D. Coleman’s masterpiece as it cleverly combines the symmetry of Palladian architecture together with the practical details of Eastern architecture such as louvres and wide verandahs. Its original design is considered a similar resemblance to the mother church of St Gregory in Etchmiadzin, Vagarshapat in northern Armenia. Complying with tradition, the chapel faces east which meant that its entrance faced away from the main road. The porticoes are regarded as one of its outstanding features, held up by Roman Doric columns and pilasters. Originally serving to shelter the gharries of the well-to-do, it was later converted for pedestrian use with steps added to it. In 1847, the octagonal cone supporting a bell turret was replaced after the original dome was deemed unsafe but the turret and steeple were again replaced in 1853 with today’s pitched roof and spire, built by George Maddock. M addock’s spire is often criticised for hiding the church’s true Armenian features, but its distinctive circular shape is still evident from the interior. Reflecting its original domed roof, the interior is a complete circle of 36ft or about 11m in diameter with a semicircular chancel 18ft or 5.5m wide on the east. By the altar stands a painting of the Last Supper, while draped beside it are heavy curtains.Despite its small size, the church has two vestries and two side rooms for staircases.
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"BEauty lies in the details." The Armenian Church is the oldest surviving Christian church and was the first to be built in Singapore. Funds were raised from the Armenian communities in Singapore, India and Java as well from local European and Chinese residents. Construction of the church commenced in 1834 and was completed in 1835. It was consecrated on 26 March 1836. Singapore’s Armenian community has been small but prosperous. There were only twelve Armenians in Singapore when the church was built, and no more than 100 at its subsequent peak. Although the community has declined in number, regular orthodox Christian services continue to be held at the church. Prominent Armenians in Singapore include the Sarkies brothers, who established raffles hotel, Catchick Moses, a co-founder of the Straits time newspaper, the Ages Joaquim who discovered the natural hybrid orchid named after her in 1893 (now Singapore’ s national flower Vanda Miss Joaquim).The interior of the church is in the traditional Armenian style. The exterior (which originally featured a domed roof) is a neoclassical design by G.D. Coleman, the settlement’s first superintendent of Public works and qualified architect; he also maintained a successful private practise. The Armenian Church is one of the few surviving examples of his work and is considered one of his finest. The church was gazetted as a national monument on 6 July 1973.
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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"BEauty lies in the details." The Armenian Church is the oldest surviving Christian church and was the first to be built in Singapore. Funds were raised from the Armenian communities in Singapore, India and Java as well from local European and Chinese residents. Construction of the church commenced in 1834 and was completed in 1835. It was consecrated on 26 March 1836. Singapore’s Armenian community has been small but prosperous. There were only twelve Armenians in Singapore when the church was built, and no more than 100 at its subsequent peak. Although the community has declined in number, regular orthodox Christian services continue to be held at the church. Prominent Armenians in Singapore include the Sarkies brothers, who established raffles hotel, Catchick Moses, a co-founder of the Straits time newspaper, the Ages Joaquim who discovered the natural hybrid orchid named after her in 1893 (now Singapore’ s national flower Vanda Miss Joaquim).The interior of the church is in the traditional Armenian style. The exterior (which originally featured a domed roof) is a neoclassical design by G.D. Coleman, the settlement’s first superintendent of Public works and qualified architect; he also maintained a successful private practise. The Armenian Church is one of the few surviving examples of his work and is considered one of his finest. The church was gazetted as a national monument on 6 July 1973.
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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Singapore’s Armenian community has been small but prosperous. – Page 29
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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Singapore’s Armenian community has been small but prosperous. – Page 29
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ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH OF SAINT GREGORY
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Little India’s
Abdul Gafoor Mosque 33
ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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Little India’s
Abdul Gafoor Mosque 33
ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
41 Dunlop Street Singapore 209369 The mosque has an unusual symmetry and layout with incorporation of Moorish (medieval Muslims) influences which sets it apart from other mosques. It was architecturally modelled after Saracenic (Indo-Gothic) and Roman designs. Many Western motifs were also incorporated into the architectural decoration of the mosque. The prayer hall’s interior features fine Arabic calligraphy and stained glass. The building stands above ground level and is surrounded by verandahs (open gallery/porch) and balustrades on all sides. The balustrades (handrails) are carved with circular and lancetshaped openings at the base and are roofed with cinquefoil (rose plant) arches with elaborate designs. Both sides of the main entrance to the prayer hall are decorated by a pair of graduated cinquefoil arched openings, and above the entrance there is a panel with calligraphic inscriptions and a sun dial which emits 25 rays of the sun decorated in Arabic calligraphy. Above the sundial is an onion-shaped dome, due to its architectural influence, there is a recurring use of arches in the building. Inside the prayer hall, a panel with a passage from the Koran inscribed on it hangs above the mihrab. The stained glass filters in subtle tinted light together with a hanging chandelier in the middle of the prayer hall creates a very illuminated area.
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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2/25/2013 3:04:13 AM
ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
41 Dunlop Street Singapore 209369 The mosque has an unusual symmetry and layout with incorporation of Moorish (medieval Muslims) influences which sets it apart from other mosques. It was architecturally modelled after Saracenic (Indo-Gothic) and Roman designs. Many Western motifs were also incorporated into the architectural decoration of the mosque. The prayer hall’s interior features fine Arabic calligraphy and stained glass. The building stands above ground level and is surrounded by verandahs (open gallery/porch) and balustrades on all sides. The balustrades (handrails) are carved with circular and lancetshaped openings at the base and are roofed with cinquefoil (rose plant) arches with elaborate designs. Both sides of the main entrance to the prayer hall are decorated by a pair of graduated cinquefoil arched openings, and above the entrance there is a panel with calligraphic inscriptions and a sun dial which emits 25 rays of the sun decorated in Arabic calligraphy. Above the sundial is an onion-shaped dome, due to its architectural influence, there is a recurring use of arches in the building. Inside the prayer hall, a panel with a passage from the Koran inscribed on it hangs above the mihrab. The stained glass filters in subtle tinted light together with a hanging chandelier in the middle of the prayer hall creates a very illuminated area.
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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"Escape the bustle of little india." This mosque, one of Singapore’s national treasures, was officially gazetted as a National monument in 1979. However what you see is very different from the simple wooden building that the early Muslims of the area put up in 1859. The mosque is named after the founder, Shaik Abdul Gafoor Shaik Hyder, a south Indian lawyer’s clerk, who felt that there was a dire need to replace the old Al Abrar Mosque which then stood on the site. It primarily catered to the Indian Muslims migrants who settled in this vicinity, then known as kampong kapor (limestone village). The Abdul Gafoor Mosque in its present form was built in 1907. Syed Abdul Gafoor was the trustee of the mosque at that time, successfully applied to construct shop houses near the mosque in 1887. The proceeds from the shop houses’ rental went towards funding the new mosque building. The plan to build the present mosque came up years earlier, only in 1903 that work on the mosque started.
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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"Escape the bustle of little india." This mosque, one of Singapore’s national treasures, was officially gazetted as a National monument in 1979. However what you see is very different from the simple wooden building that the early Muslims of the area put up in 1859. The mosque is named after the founder, Shaik Abdul Gafoor Shaik Hyder, a south Indian lawyer’s clerk, who felt that there was a dire need to replace the old Al Abrar Mosque which then stood on the site. It primarily catered to the Indian Muslims migrants who settled in this vicinity, then known as kampong kapor (limestone village). The Abdul Gafoor Mosque in its present form was built in 1907. Syed Abdul Gafoor was the trustee of the mosque at that time, successfully applied to construct shop houses near the mosque in 1887. The proceeds from the shop houses’ rental went towards funding the new mosque building. The plan to build the present mosque came up years earlier, only in 1903 that work on the mosque started.
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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What you see is completely different from the simple wooden building – – Page 29
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
40
2/25/2013 3:04:15 AM
What you see is completely different from the simple wooden building – – Page 29
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
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ABDUL GAFOOR MOSQUE
40
2/25/2013 3:04:15 AM
Bras Basah’s
Saint JOseph's church 41
SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
Reader PDF.indd 46-47
SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
42
2/25/2013 3:04:17 AM
Bras Basah’s
Saint JOseph's church 41
SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
143 Victoria Street Singapore 188020
The Gothic-style church was built in the form of a Latin cross. It is built to accommodate 1,500 worshippers and was based on the design by Messrs. G. A. Fernandez & Co. The final architecture drawings of the edifice were by D. McLeod Craik and it was built by Messrs. Biley, Hargreaves and Co. The exterior of the church comprises a central octagonal belfry tower capped with a cupola dome and cross, flanked by two smaller towers. The west end is in the form of a chevet. The gabled ends of the transepts are plain-faced with a large five-light window each. There are large marble statues of St Joseph with St John of God and St John de Brito beside him in the portico of the church. There are also Portuguese azulejos (decorated tiles) on the walls of the church depicting the apparitions of Our Lady of Fatima. Inside the building, the nave is uninterrupted by pillars and the transepts are without aisles. There are five marble altars with the main altar dedicated to St Joseph. A host of saints in the form of statues and stained glass windows can be seen. Each stained glass window cost about $1,200, took around a month to complete and they were made by skilled artisans in Italy.
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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2/25/2013 3:04:19 AM
SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
143 Victoria Street Singapore 188020
The Gothic-style church was built in the form of a Latin cross. It is built to accommodate 1,500 worshippers and was based on the design by Messrs. G. A. Fernandez & Co. The final architecture drawings of the edifice were by D. McLeod Craik and it was built by Messrs. Biley, Hargreaves and Co. The exterior of the church comprises a central octagonal belfry tower capped with a cupola dome and cross, flanked by two smaller towers. The west end is in the form of a chevet. The gabled ends of the transepts are plain-faced with a large five-light window each. There are large marble statues of St Joseph with St John of God and St John de Brito beside him in the portico of the church. There are also Portuguese azulejos (decorated tiles) on the walls of the church depicting the apparitions of Our Lady of Fatima. Inside the building, the nave is uninterrupted by pillars and the transepts are without aisles. There are five marble altars with the main altar dedicated to St Joseph. A host of saints in the form of statues and stained glass windows can be seen. Each stained glass window cost about $1,200, took around a month to complete and they were made by skilled artisans in Italy.
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
Reader PDF.indd 48-49
SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
44
2/25/2013 3:04:19 AM
"RICh HERITAGE AND CULTURE AWAITS." On 30 June 1825, Portuguese priest Francisco da Silva Pinto e Maia founded the Portuguese Mission in Singapore. He was given ecclesiastical jurisdiction over Singapore by the Archbishop of Goa, Manuel de S. Galdino. At the time, there were only a handful of Catholics and no other Catholic priests in the colony. Maia conducted mass at the Beach Road residence of his friend, Dr Jose d’Almeida, until a chapel was blessed and opened on 9 June 1833 at Bras Basah Road. This was the first Catholic place of worship in Singapore. Due to the growing population of Catholics, he then went about building a church on the land between Victoria Street and Queen Street, which he had acquired from Samuel George Bonham, Assistant to the Resident of Singapore . Unfortunately, Maia fell sick and died on 17 February 1850. His successor, Vincente de Santa Catarina, took over the project and the church was blessed and opened in 1853. However, the congregation continued to grow and although two wings were added in 1868, which was still not enough. In 1906, the church was demolished and a new one erected over it. The Bishop of Macau, Dom Joao Paolino de Azevedo e Castro, the impetus behind the project, laid the foundation stone on 21 August 1904, and blessed and opened the completed church on 30 June 1912. The church building was gazetted a national monument on 14 January 2005.
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
46
2/25/2013 3:04:20 AM
"RICh HERITAGE AND CULTURE AWAITS." On 30 June 1825, Portuguese priest Francisco da Silva Pinto e Maia founded the Portuguese Mission in Singapore. He was given ecclesiastical jurisdiction over Singapore by the Archbishop of Goa, Manuel de S. Galdino. At the time, there were only a handful of Catholics and no other Catholic priests in the colony. Maia conducted mass at the Beach Road residence of his friend, Dr Jose d’Almeida, until a chapel was blessed and opened on 9 June 1833 at Bras Basah Road. This was the first Catholic place of worship in Singapore. Due to the growing population of Catholics, he then went about building a church on the land between Victoria Street and Queen Street, which he had acquired from Samuel George Bonham, Assistant to the Resident of Singapore . Unfortunately, Maia fell sick and died on 17 February 1850. His successor, Vincente de Santa Catarina, took over the project and the church was blessed and opened in 1853. However, the congregation continued to grow and although two wings were added in 1868, which was still not enough. In 1906, the church was demolished and a new one erected over it. The Bishop of Macau, Dom Joao Paolino de Azevedo e Castro, the impetus behind the project, laid the foundation stone on 21 August 1904, and blessed and opened the completed church on 30 June 1912. The church building was gazetted a national monument on 14 January 2005.
45
SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
46
2/25/2013 3:04:20 AM
The first Catholic place of worship in Singapore. – Page 45
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
48
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The first Catholic place of worship in Singapore. – Page 45
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
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SAINT JOSEPH’S CHURCH
48
2/25/2013 3:04:22 AM
Farrer Park’s
sri perumal temple 49
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
Reader PDF.indd 54-55
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
50
2/25/2013 3:04:23 AM
Farrer Park’s
sri perumal temple 49
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
Reader PDF.indd 54-55
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE 397 Serangoon Road Singapore 218123
Its tall entrance Gopuram (tower) shows the different incarnations of Lord Vishnu. The area around the Perumal Temple was once filled with ponds and vegetable gardens as well as a stream used to lead into the temple and was an important source for devotees to spiritually cleanse themselves before worship. Inside the temple’s inner courtyard, a well marks the spot where the stream used to flow. There is also a Tulasi (thulassi) (basil plant), the Hindus’ symbolic holy bush.
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
Reader PDF.indd 56-57
Inside the temple a statue of Perumal, or Vishnu, his consorts Lakshmi and Andal, and his birdmount, Garuda can be found. Perumal Temple is at the centre of the Hindu trinity made up of Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. The temple is dedicated to Krishna, one of the incarnations of Vishnu. Perumal is another name for Krishna and statues of him - coloured blue to signify blue-blood - are everywhere in the temple. There are also statues, Lakshmi and Andal, the goddesses of wealth and beauty respectively, and of his mount, the mythical Garuda bird. The temple ceiling is dominated by a colourful circular pattern depicting the nine planets of the universe.
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
52
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE 397 Serangoon Road Singapore 218123
Its tall entrance Gopuram (tower) shows the different incarnations of Lord Vishnu. The area around the Perumal Temple was once filled with ponds and vegetable gardens as well as a stream used to lead into the temple and was an important source for devotees to spiritually cleanse themselves before worship. Inside the temple’s inner courtyard, a well marks the spot where the stream used to flow. There is also a Tulasi (thulassi) (basil plant), the Hindus’ symbolic holy bush.
51
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
Reader PDF.indd 56-57
Inside the temple a statue of Perumal, or Vishnu, his consorts Lakshmi and Andal, and his birdmount, Garuda can be found. Perumal Temple is at the centre of the Hindu trinity made up of Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer. The temple is dedicated to Krishna, one of the incarnations of Vishnu. Perumal is another name for Krishna and statues of him - coloured blue to signify blue-blood - are everywhere in the temple. There are also statues, Lakshmi and Andal, the goddesses of wealth and beauty respectively, and of his mount, the mythical Garuda bird. The temple ceiling is dominated by a colourful circular pattern depicting the nine planets of the universe.
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
52
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"An oasis of peace and serenity" The land was purchased from the government in the 1850s, but the temple was constructed only in the 1870s. A large stream and the mandapam or main hall were the main features of the original temple, known as Narasinga Perumal Kovil. The stream was filled up in the 1920s for health reasons. In 1907, the temple came under the administration of the Mohammedan and Hindu Endowments Board. In 1952, due to the temple being in a bad shape, the Board decided that it should be reconstructed. Redevelopment began in 1961 and was successfully completed in 1966. Craftsmen from South India were brought in to undertake the more intricate works such as the entrance. The temple was renamed Sri Srinivasa Perumal Temple. It was gazetted as a national monument in 1978.
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
54
2/25/2013 3:04:27 AM
"An oasis of peace and serenity" The land was purchased from the government in the 1850s, but the temple was constructed only in the 1870s. A large stream and the mandapam or main hall were the main features of the original temple, known as Narasinga Perumal Kovil. The stream was filled up in the 1920s for health reasons. In 1907, the temple came under the administration of the Mohammedan and Hindu Endowments Board. In 1952, due to the temple being in a bad shape, the Board decided that it should be reconstructed. Redevelopment began in 1961 and was successfully completed in 1966. Craftsmen from South India were brought in to undertake the more intricate works such as the entrance. The temple was renamed Sri Srinivasa Perumal Temple. It was gazetted as a national monument in 1978.
53
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
Reader PDF.indd 58-59
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
54
2/25/2013 3:04:27 AM
Craftsmen from South India were brought in to undertake the more intricate works – Page 53
55
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
56
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Craftsmen from South India were brought in to undertake the more intricate works – Page 53
55
SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
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SRI PERUMAL TEMPLE
56
2/25/2013 3:04:29 AM
City Hall’s
Raffles hotel 57
RAFFLES HOTEL
Reader PDF.indd 62-63
RAFFLES HOTEL
58
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City Hall’s
Raffles hotel 57
RAFFLES HOTEL
Reader PDF.indd 62-63
RAFFLES HOTEL
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RAFFLES HOTEL 1 Beach Road Singapore 189673
Raffles Hotel grew as a commercial enterprise. Their commitment to the highest standards in service, accommodation and cuisine was responsible for making Raffles Hotel known as a first-class establishment that attracted guests of stature. Tigran Sarkies, in particular, was closely involved in the hotel’s development. He established the popular Raffles Tiffin Rooms at Commercial Square and undertook major building projects, adding three buildings to the original Beach House in the hotel’s first decade. A pair of two-storey wings containing 22 new suites was completed in 1890, followed by a new Billiard Room located at the junction of Beach Road and Bras Basah Road. In 1892, the brothers leased the site at No. 3 Beach Road, which was completed in 1894. The Main Building of the hotel was designed by R. A. J. Bidwell of the architecture firm Swan & Maclaren and built on the site of the original Beach House. Completed in 1899, it was considered state-of-the-art at the time. Designed with tropical architectural features such as high ceilings and extensive verandahs, the Main Building also included modern conveniences like powered ceiling fans and electric lights, a first for any hotel in the region. The Dining Room, featuring pillars and a white Carrara marble floor, could seat up to 500 people. In 1904, the Bras Basah Wing, also designed by Bidwell, was added. The Palm Court was extended in 1910 and the Ballroom opened in 1920.
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RAFFLES HOTEL
Reader PDF.indd 64-65
RAFFLES HOTEL
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RAFFLES HOTEL 1 Beach Road Singapore 189673
Raffles Hotel grew as a commercial enterprise. Their commitment to the highest standards in service, accommodation and cuisine was responsible for making Raffles Hotel known as a first-class establishment that attracted guests of stature. Tigran Sarkies, in particular, was closely involved in the hotel’s development. He established the popular Raffles Tiffin Rooms at Commercial Square and undertook major building projects, adding three buildings to the original Beach House in the hotel’s first decade. A pair of two-storey wings containing 22 new suites was completed in 1890, followed by a new Billiard Room located at the junction of Beach Road and Bras Basah Road. In 1892, the brothers leased the site at No. 3 Beach Road, which was completed in 1894. The Main Building of the hotel was designed by R. A. J. Bidwell of the architecture firm Swan & Maclaren and built on the site of the original Beach House. Completed in 1899, it was considered state-of-the-art at the time. Designed with tropical architectural features such as high ceilings and extensive verandahs, the Main Building also included modern conveniences like powered ceiling fans and electric lights, a first for any hotel in the region. The Dining Room, featuring pillars and a white Carrara marble floor, could seat up to 500 people. In 1904, the Bras Basah Wing, also designed by Bidwell, was added. The Palm Court was extended in 1910 and the Ballroom opened in 1920.
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RAFFLES HOTEL
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RAFFLES HOTEL
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"Bask in its Grandeur and glamour." Raffles hotel opened on 1 December 1887 as a modest hostelry run by the Armenian Sarkies Brothers. The hotel expanded continuously until 1915 all the historic buildings were in place. It was in 1899 opening of the main building that signalled Raffles transformation into a grand hotel, In 1991 Raffles hotel reopened after a two and a half year restoration. The historic hotel now stands as she did circa 191 while the adjacent land has been developed in similar architectural styles. It was gazetted a national monument on 4 March 1987.
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RAFFLES HOTEL
Reader PDF.indd 66-67
RAFFLES HOTEL
62
2/25/2013 3:04:33 AM
"Bask in its Grandeur and glamour." Raffles hotel opened on 1 December 1887 as a modest hostelry run by the Armenian Sarkies Brothers. The hotel expanded continuously until 1915 all the historic buildings were in place. It was in 1899 opening of the main building that signalled Raffles transformation into a grand hotel, In 1991 Raffles hotel reopened after a two and a half year restoration. The historic hotel now stands as she did circa 191 while the adjacent land has been developed in similar architectural styles. It was gazetted a national monument on 4 March 1987.
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RAFFLES HOTEL
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RAFFLES HOTEL
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opening of the main building that signalled Raffles transformation into a grand hotel. – Page 61 63
RAFFLES HOTEL
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RAFFLES HOTEL
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opening of the main building that signalled Raffles transformation into a grand hotel. – Page 61 63
RAFFLES HOTEL
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RAFFLES HOTEL
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EXPLORE MAGNIFY
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
EXPLORE MAGNIFY
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
THE DIRECTORY cathedral of the good shepherd A Queen Street Singapore 188533 6337 2036 Weekday Mass Timings: 07:00am - 08:00am 01:15pm - 02:15pm Weekend Mass Timings: 07:00am - 08:00am (Saturday) 06:30pm - 07:30pm (Saturday) 08:00am - 09:00am (Sunday) 10:00am - 11:00am (Sunday) 06:00pm - 07:00pm (Sunday) saint andrew's cathedral 11 St Andrew’s Rd Singapore 178959 6337 6104 Monday: 9:00 am (Morning Prayer) Tuesday: 7:30 am (Holy Communion) Wednesday: 9:00 am (Morning Prayer) 12:45 pm (Holy Communion) 5:15 pm (Evening Prayer) Thursday: 9:30 am (Holy Communion) Friday: 9:00 am (Morning Prayer) Sunday:
7:00 am 8:00 am 9:30 am 9:30 am 11:15 am 11:15 am
Holy Communion Holy Communion Holy Communion Youth Service Holy Communion Mandarin Service
Church of saints peter and paul 225A Queen Street Singapore 188551 6337 2585 Weekday Mass Timings: 07:20am - 08:20am 05:30pm - 06:30pm
Armenian apostolic church of saint gregory 60 Hill Street Singapore 179366 6295 0141 Abdul gafoor mosque 41 Dunlop Street Singapore 209369 6295 4209 Fajr Sunrise Dhuhr Asr 6:06 7:15 1:19 4:35
Maghrib Isha 7:21 8:27
saint joseph's church 143 Victoria Street Singapore 188020 6892 9134 Weekday Mass Timings: 06:30am - 07:30am 06:30pm - 07:30pm Weekend Mass Timings: 05:30pm - 06:30pm (Saturday) 09:00am - 10:00am (Sunday) 11:00am - 12:00am (Sunday) 05:30pm - 06:30pm (Sunday) sri perumal temple 397 Serangoon Rd Singapore 218123 6928 5771 Opening hours: 6am - 9pm (daily) raffles hotel 1 Beach Road 189673 6337 1886 Opening hours: 24 hours daily
REFERENCES
for more information Visit http://www.nhb.gov.sg or http://www.pmb.sg for more information on monuments.
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_25_2_2008-12-01.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_756_2004-12-17.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_809_2004-12-23.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_37_2005-01-05.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1707_2010-09-02.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_606_2005-01-24.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_280_2004-12-15.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_292_2004-12-23.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Srinivasa_Perumal_Temple http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_Abdul_Gaffoor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Church,_Singapore http://www.pmb.sg
Weekend Mass Timings: 08:30am - 09:30am (Saturday) 08:30am - 09:30am (Sunday) 11:00am - 12:00am (Sunday) 04:20pm - 05:20pm (Sunday)
THE DIRECTORY
Reader PDF.indd 70-71
SEAN THIAN 1204101H TD01
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EXPLORE MAGNIFY
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
EXPLORE MAGNIFY
NATIONAL HERITAGE BOARD
THE DIRECTORY cathedral of the good shepherd A Queen Street Singapore 188533 6337 2036 Weekday Mass Timings: 07:00am - 08:00am 01:15pm - 02:15pm Weekend Mass Timings: 07:00am - 08:00am (Saturday) 06:30pm - 07:30pm (Saturday) 08:00am - 09:00am (Sunday) 10:00am - 11:00am (Sunday) 06:00pm - 07:00pm (Sunday) saint andrew's cathedral 11 St Andrew’s Rd Singapore 178959 6337 6104 Monday: 9:00 am (Morning Prayer) Tuesday: 7:30 am (Holy Communion) Wednesday: 9:00 am (Morning Prayer) 12:45 pm (Holy Communion) 5:15 pm (Evening Prayer) Thursday: 9:30 am (Holy Communion) Friday: 9:00 am (Morning Prayer) Sunday:
7:00 am 8:00 am 9:30 am 9:30 am 11:15 am 11:15 am
Holy Communion Holy Communion Holy Communion Youth Service Holy Communion Mandarin Service
Church of saints peter and paul 225A Queen Street Singapore 188551 6337 2585 Weekday Mass Timings: 07:20am - 08:20am 05:30pm - 06:30pm
Armenian apostolic church of saint gregory 60 Hill Street Singapore 179366 6295 0141 Abdul gafoor mosque 41 Dunlop Street Singapore 209369 6295 4209 Fajr Sunrise Dhuhr Asr 6:06 7:15 1:19 4:35
Maghrib Isha 7:21 8:27
saint joseph's church 143 Victoria Street Singapore 188020 6892 9134 Weekday Mass Timings: 06:30am - 07:30am 06:30pm - 07:30pm Weekend Mass Timings: 05:30pm - 06:30pm (Saturday) 09:00am - 10:00am (Sunday) 11:00am - 12:00am (Sunday) 05:30pm - 06:30pm (Sunday) sri perumal temple 397 Serangoon Rd Singapore 218123 6928 5771 Opening hours: 6am - 9pm (daily) raffles hotel 1 Beach Road 189673 6337 1886 Opening hours: 24 hours daily
REFERENCES
for more information Visit http://www.nhb.gov.sg or http://www.pmb.sg for more information on monuments.
http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_25_2_2008-12-01.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_756_2004-12-17.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_809_2004-12-23.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_37_2005-01-05.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_1707_2010-09-02.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_606_2005-01-24.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_280_2004-12-15.html http://infopedia.nl.sg/articles/SIP_292_2004-12-23.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Srinivasa_Perumal_Temple http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_Abdul_Gaffoor http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Church,_Singapore http://www.pmb.sg
Weekend Mass Timings: 08:30am - 09:30am (Saturday) 08:30am - 09:30am (Sunday) 11:00am - 12:00am (Sunday) 04:20pm - 05:20pm (Sunday)
THE DIRECTORY
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SEAN THIAN 1204101H TD01
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EXPLORE magnify. Inside, you will find a few of singapore’s national treasures, portraying and magnifying elements that are often overlooked, in its full spectrum of colour and motifs. We hope to inspire a generation of creativity, culture and tradition. Viewers, deisgners and clients will find this a valuable resource for inspiration and imagination.
www.nhb.gov.sg
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