PORTFOLIO by Sean P. Sweeney

Landscape Architecture Portfolio Sean Sweeney Pennsylvania State University School of Arts & Architecture BLA 2019-2020

BAD GODESBERG: VISION GREEN The confluence of city and nature Bonn, Germany | 2019

Bad Godesberg is a city located along the western bank of the Rhine River in NorthRhine Westphalia, Germany. The core of the city is pedestrian centric and bordered, to its north and south, by several large greenspaces: Kurpark, the city’s largest park, to the south, Redoutenpark just west of that, and historic Godesberg Castle, connected to an expansive cemetery park to the north. Due to this radial arrangement of attractions, the city core functions as the area’s nucleus, the hub of activity and pinch point of circulation for greater Bad Godesberg. This role that the city core plays generates a strong pedestrian crossflow throughout the day resulting in a transient user group that rarely stays within the city core for longer than two hours at a time. The city’s existing circulatory layout is contorted and severed, impeding the flow of this transitional user group. The labyrinth of streets that is the city core degrades the effectiveness of Bad Godesberg’s overall walkability, affecting the wayfinding and circulation of both residents and visitors alike. The goal of Bad Godesberg: Vision Green was to transform the homogeneity of the city core’s public realm into a network of public spaces woven together by a web of vegetated streetscapes. This planning and design effort looks to create a new identity for Bad Godesberg that meshes the fabrics of the city with its surrounding greenspaces, framed by the connections established between

the city’s existing features. The design intent was broken down into three objectives that sought to form the beginnings of an urban cohesion within Bad Godesberg: to connect, both the physical and visual identity of the city core with its surrounding attractions, to integrate the natural elements of the parks with the urban features of the city, and to green, as a verb, the city core itself, creating comfortable greenspace within a public realm void of it. To approach these goals in the most realistic manner, a phased strategy was proposed. The intention was to respond to the most immediate problem with the most immediate solution. Phase one focuses on low impact implementations aimed to enhance the ease of wayfinding within the city core. It incorporates a playful, visual trail painted onto the ground plane along with increased signage and interactive information kiosks. Phase two looks to inject nature into the city in the form of street trees and movable planters. The street trees are intended to mesh the benefits of nature with urbanism by allowing the green of surrounding parks to seep into the city core. The movable planters give the power of design to the people, allowing them to define their own public space. Finally, phase three focuses on public space design and re-purposing the existing voids as the glue that links Bad Godesberg’s new, cohesive identity.

Urban Cohesion | Connect, Integrate, Green (v.)

Phased Strategy Pedestrian

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The first phase focuses primarily on developing a wayfinding strategy that reconnects the core of Bad Godesberg with its surrounding attractions and greenspaces. Small scale implementations such as a painted trail along the ground plane, ample signage and interactive kiosks highlight the connections amongst the main anchor points within the city.

BURGFREIDHOF

1. Wayfinding

2. Landscape Elements

3. Public Space Design

Phase two looks to enhance the presence of nature within Bad Godesberg and create a new, green identity by amplifying the existing street tree canopy and introducing movable planters to the public realm. The street trees frame comfortable, volumetric space while the movable planters give the power of design to the people, allowing them to define their own public space within the city.

The final phase focuses on the design and programming of one of Bad Godesberg’s key, public spaces as a node of activity, “urban nature”, and identity. This proposed design can then serve as a template for transforming the remaining public spaces of the city core into hubs along a cohesive, and green, urban fabric.

GODESBERG CASTLE

Bad Godesberg

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Existing Street Trees

REDOUTENPARK

Create clear connections amongst the city’s attractions

Integrate nature with urbanism

Establish pockets of greenspace within the city core

Provide information resources at nodes throughout the city

Create human scale, volumetric space in the public realm through vegetation

Design a civic space that balances recreation, rest, and circulation

Stitch together parks with greenstreet corridors

Highlight the new identity of Bad Godesberg

STADTHALLE BAD GODESBERG

Streetscape Strategy

Public Space Design Axon

Reclaimed, public space

Green spine

Reclaiming a 3m parking lane from the street repurposes a pedestrian dead zone into activated public space

The green of the park is pulled into the city’s core, visually stitching the two spaces

Pedestrian friendly intersection

Wayfinding

With a change in materiality or color, the definition between the vehicular and pedestrian realm is amplified to establish safe crossings

The painted ground plane creates an easily understandable trail system throughout Bad Godesberg

Park to city axis

Bike lane

The main entrance to Kurpark is realigned with the city’s primary allee to create a cohesive, linear axis

A 2m bike lane on the park side is protected from the street by a planted buffer

Tree Canopy • • •

Shade Human Scale Mental Tranquility

Greenspace • • •

Informal Gathering Rest Recreation

3m of reclaimed, public space opportunities

Circulation • •

Pedestrian Flow Storefront Access

Site - Theaterplatz Vegetated

Movable Seating

Public Art

Recreation

Tiered Lawn Programming

TheaterGreen at night

Play

Rest

Recreate 1 4

11 3

Kurpark Iteration

Movable Seating A shaded space, elevated from the ground plane, creates a comfortable spot for rest, separated from the circulation

Overhead Lighting Nighttime lighting keeps the space active at all hours and frames the path as the main thoroughfare through the site

Tree Allee A row of trees running parallel to the main path defines comfortable, volumetric space for pedestrians while also breaking down the looming architecture of the surrounding buildings to human scale

Theater Green The lighting plan and perimeter trees define a comfortable separation from the rest of the site at night, creating the feel of immersion in nature while still within an urban space

Meadow Planting The volume created by the lush meadow plantings define a buffer between the lawn and circulation and amplify the feeling of a natural setting

IGNITE THE STRIP DISTRICT

Integrating the liveliness of urbanism with the sustainability of a riparian ecology Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | 2018

The alluring grittiness of Pittsburgh’s Strip District is a remnant of the area’s authentic, industrial past. Nestled along the southern bank of the Allegheny River, roughly a mile east of where the city’s three rivers converge, the once bustling, industrial neighborhood is experiencing a rebirth as a residential area. Throughout most of the 19th century the region consisted primarily of steel mills and factories before becoming a wholesale fruit epicenter at the turn of the 20th century. The Strip District’s rich history is founded in this steel production and fruit distribution, but the neighborhood’s recent influx in residential development has redefined it as a hot new hub of activity within the city of Pittsburgh. With the increasing population comes a new sense of community within the Strip, as well as a new set of resources needed to support the diversity of uses. The Strip District’s commercial history resulted in an industrialized approach to the neighborhood’s design; lots were left barren for parking, bulkheads confined the river’s boundaries, and vegetation was decimated to make space for urban development. The infrastructure and planning within the Strip District is a relic of a firmly vehicle-centric past, when the spatial needs of industry preceded those of people. The commercial

corridor that the neighborhood is known for today serves as a node of activity, one of the city’s primary attractions, yet still relies on vehicles to vehicles, and their associated infrastructure, to deliver consumers. The area is commercially alive but sociologically and ecologically lacking. The proposed design looks to capitalize on the neighborhood’s recent surge and establish a dynamic, ecological relationship with the Allegheny River to the north, draw on the active urbanism from the commercial corridor to the south, and form an identity from the site’s past. The riverfront design calls upon the region’s shale and sandstone geology for its geometric inspiration while responding to the community’s need for socially purposeful greenspace. The ecological aspect of the project calls for the naturalization of the site’s riverbanks and an enhancement of both the vegetated canopy and recreational greenspace. Situated just off of the riverbanks is a grouping of proposed Eco-concrete mounds serving to establish a rich, riverine ecosystem both underwater and in the form of resulting, emergent vegetation. The community is invited to engage the on land and offshore features of the site through spaces arranged at different elevations, with varied views, and through diverse experiences.

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | The Strip District

Site Opportunities

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Reinstated, riparian buffer

Activated, urban corridors Heinz Field Allegheny Commons Park National Aviary

PNC Park

David L. Lawrence Convention Center Pittsburgh Ballet Theater Wholey’s Fish Market PPG Paints Arena

Monongahela river

Duqesne University University of Pittsburgh

Existing Neighborhood Constraints

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Connection to citywide, pedestrian loop

100 year flood event

Parking Lot Coverage

Public Space

Tree Canopy

Enhanced street tree canopy

Fishing Pier

Situated offshore of the riverbank, offering anglers a chance to catch game fish that orient themselves to the deeper waters surrounding the breakwaters

Phytoremediation Basin

An ecological response to Pittsburgh’s stormwater management issues. The basin beautifies an urban flaw and provides precedent for citywide redesign of storm drain outlets

Overhang Lookout

A cantilevered, permeable overhang that frames views towards the historic Heinz Lofts and down the Allegheny River towards Pittsburgh’s city core

Electric Tower

A remnant of the region’s industrial path, serving as a landmark on the site

Bike and Jog Trail

Provides residents a much needed means of recreational circulation, connecting to a proposed loop that wraps around the city

The Barges

The barges bring a sense of urban activity to the site each catering to a diverse demographic of visitors. One provides bike and kayak rental, a small watercraft launch, and fast ferry docking. Another focuses on education through ecological exhibits magnifying the region’s riverine ecology. The third one offers recreation with a basketball court, high netting, and nighttime lighting; the sounds from the rec barge are filtered enough by their distance from nearby apartment buildings but the nighttime presence of a user group provides constant activity and safety on site

Stanchion Plaza River “Get Down” Path

Fertile Mud Flat The Breakwaters

Both a storm and social resiliency measure, protecting the banks from erosion during high flow periods and providing protective shelter for water recreation 16

Sedimentation resulting from the phased degradation of the nearby breakwaters, creating prime habitat for lacustrine and emerging palustrine plant communities

Offering visitors the ability to engage the river’s edge along a boardwalk path

A multi-use gathering space drawing its design inspiration from the city’s many bridges and the strong vertical planes of their steel beams. The plaza “reads” Pittsburgh with the Electric tower looming in the background and a material’s palette reminiscent of Pittsburgh’s steel history

ADA Path

The ADA path allows all visitors to engage in the waterfront and offers a more casual stroll down to the barges and river’s edge

Fast Ferry Dock

The fast ferry provides Pittsburgh residents easy transportation throughout the city, by means of the three rivers, with a hub in The Strip District

Implemented Reef Morphology | Phased Degradation

How can we design a socially purposeful greenspace that appears, functions, and evolves like a natural system, but integrates comfortably within an urban setting?

Breakwaters Installation Conditions 18

Breakwaters Year 4 Conditions

Breakwaters Year 8 Conditions

Phytoremediation Basin

Site Programming

Flexible Space +26,000 sq ft

Palustrine Wetland

River Floodplain Community

Greenspace +49,000 sq ft

Multimodal Paths +38,000 sq ft

Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii

Swamp Milkweed Asclepias incarnata

Riverbank Wild Rye Elymus ripariu

Turtlehead Chelone obliqua

Soft Rush Juncus effusus

Great Blue Lobelia Lobelia siphilitica

Seating

Monkey Flower Mimulus guttatus

Ostrich Fern Matteuccia struthiopteris

Lacustrine Wetland

Virginia Bluebells Mertensia virginica

Needle Spike Rush Eleocharis acicularis

Solomon’s Seal Polygonatum

Water Willow Justicia americana

Bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis

Water Smartweed Persicaria amphibia Tooth-Cup Rotala ramosior

People People

Relaxing

Seating Shade

Relaxing Fitness

Shade Jogging/Biking Path

Fitness Dog Walking

Jogging/Biking Looped Paths Path

Dog Walking Sightseeing

Looped Paths Framed Views Seating Framed Views Kayak Rentals Shade Kayak Rentals Small Watercraft Launch Jogging/Biking Path Small Watercraft Launch Multifunctional Spaces Looped Paths Multifunctional Spaces Framed Views

Sightseeing Water Recreation Relaxing Water Recreation Gathering Fitness Gathering Dog Walking Sightseeing

Erosion Resistance Stormwater Management

Kayak Rentals Floodable Landscape Small Watercraft Launch Floodable Vegetated Landscape Riparian Slope Multifunctional Spaces Vegetated RiparianBasin Slope Phytoremediation

Target Species

Stormwater Management Education

Phytoremediation Basin Signage

Habitat Forming Ecology

Education Wildlife Storm Resiliency Wildlife Erosion Resistance

Signage Birding Stations Floodable Landscape Birding Mussel Stations Installations Vegetated Riparian Slope Mussel Installations Phytoremediation Basin Multifunctional Barge Space Signage Multifunctional Barge Space Electric Tower Plaza Birding Stations Electric Tower Plaza Fast Ferry Dock Mussel Installations Fast Ferry Fishing PierDock

People

Eelgrass

Bait Fish

Structure Oriented Fish

Creek Chub

Bluegill

Game Fish

Ecology Ecology Largemouth Bass

Ecology Channel Catfish

Water Recreation Storm Resiliency Gathering Storm Resiliency Erosion Resistance

Stormwater Management Education Public Space Wildlife Public Space Activity Activity Presence Nighttime Nighttime Presence Safety

Northern Riffleshell Mussel

Smallmouth Bass

Gizzard Shad

Urbanism Urbanism

Sauger

Clubshell Mussel

Skipjack Herring

Yellow Perch

Walleye

Activity

Fishing PierCourt Basketball Multifunctional Barge Space Basketball Lighting Court Electric Tower Plaza Lighting Fast Ferry Dock

Nighttime Presence

Fishing Pier

Safety

Basketball Court

Safety Public Space

Corten steel seating nooks 21

Phytoremediation Pier

Lighting

Urbanism

Recreation Barge

RESTITCHING SELINSGROVE Designing a resilient future through dynamic landscapes Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania | 2019

Roughly 100 miles upstream of where the Susquehanna River spills into the Chesapeake Bay lies the town of Selinsgrove. The confluence of the Susquehanna, Penn’s Creek, and their many, smaller tributaries, place Selinsgrove at constant risk of flooding. Along the river side the risk comes in the form of a flood surge- strong currents with destructive force and a rapidly rising water level occurring during a serious storm event. The Penn’s Creek side is plagued by flooding during much smaller storm events as a result of surface runoff inundation. The rate at which the water flows into the creek during these events is much quicker than the rate Penn’s Creek can discharge it at. My design response proposes a twopronged strategy; enhance the floodplain capacity on the Penn’s Creek side through a series of fill cuts, then utilize that fill to reinforce the vulnerable stretches of bank along the Susquehanna River side. By doing so, the Penn’s Creek floodplain would be able to retain more water in a storm event, discharging it over a greater period of time, and the fortified banks would be able to attenuate and repel the powerful flood surges of the Susquehanna. Similar to the artificial reef system of the Northeast, the riverbank stabilization recruits scrapped or outdated rail cars as fluvial substrate. The niches within the rail cars would trap sediment as it flows downstream, providing the necessary pockets of silt for vegetation to take hold,

slowly enhancing the quality of surrounding aquatic habitat. The strategy relies heavily on reinstating the natural, dynamic essence of landscape, inviting hydrology to inflict its will on the resiliency systems. The site is entirely disconnected from the Selinsgrove community. On one side it has been severed from the Isle of Que by Route 11 and on the other it is bounded by Penn’s Creek. As a result of this disconnection, the space is a dead zone; there exists no formal access to the site and the scale of the site and the immediately adjacent, four lane highway are constantly dueling. The designed response immediately looked towards reestablishing connections that would link the more natural Isle of Que with the urban core of downtown Selinsgrove. To restitch the site itself and downtown Selinsgrove the proposal includes one, new pedestrian bridge, originating at the end of East Sassafras Street, as well as the integration of the existing rail bridge with a pedestrian walkway. To enhance the connectivity between the Isle of Que and the site, a pedestrian tunnel was proposed that would bore through Route 11, linking the two entities and connecting the site specific trails with the expansive railway clearing, interweaving the greater trail context of Selinsgrove. The goal was to restitch the more rural community on the Isle of Que with the urbanism of the Market Street core, and in doing so, activate the unused space as a social, natural, and recreational amenity.

Inviting Inundation | Dynamic landforms as green infrastructure Fill

Riverbank in Flux Existing Riverbank

Repel

Cut

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Rail car Substrate

The stretch of riverbank most susceptible to flood rises up just two feet above the Susquehanna’s mean high water level. The shallow water just off the bank is quite featureless and consists of a muddy bottom, transitioning more towards silt as it slopes towards the middle of the river.

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Discharge

Route 11

Littoral Drift: Initial Fill

24 Filter

Proposed Riverbank

Absorb

Earthen Berm Rail Car Substrate

Littoral Drift: Year 5

Structure Oriented Fish

General Strategy

Cut

As a result of historic channelization and a failing stormwater system, Penn’s Creek is a constant flood threat to the adjacent community of Selinsgrove, PA. In a rain event, water quickly eclipses the creek’s eroding banks, flooding the downtown corridor. The first phase of this proposed ecological transformation looks to restore Penn’s Creek floodplain with a series of cuts along the Route 11 side of the riverbank. The intention is to allow the landscape to reclaim its natural capacity to flood, while protecting the town from the rising waters.

Fill

The threat of flood from the Susquehanna River side is much less frequent, yet much more destructive than that of Penn’s Creek. During bouts of excessive rainfall the river overcomes the low lying banks just North of Selinsgrove’s main residential district and settles within its bowl-like terrain. The second phase proposes utilizing the excavated soil cut from the Penn’s Creek floodplain as a defensive measure to elevate the lowlying banks and utilize landform to repel floodwaters on the Susquehanna side.

The proposed intervention seeks to, first, reinforce the eroding riverbank with a hint of post-industrial flare. Abandoned boxcars litter the decommissioned rails and train yards of the greater Selinsgrove area. By re-purposing them as substrate along the Susquehanna they can become a footing for the deposited fill to latch on to, eventually growing into a thriving, ecological hub.

Littoral Drift: Year 15

Master Plan Riverbank Stabilization

Pedestrian Tunnel Penn’s Creek

Floodplain Forest

Railwalk Connection

Downtown Commons

Kayak Launch

Undulating Walk

Wetland Retention Pond Route 11

Silo Observatory Boardwalk Overlook

Urban Riverfront Strategy

Riverbank Typologies

Floodplain in Flux A river floodplain is an ecological biome of high volatility that people usually don’t get to experience. The undulating walk immerses users in this constantly changing landscape from a safe, and dry, perspective. It offers an engaging and educational interaction with the dynamic ecology of wetlands and a view of how nature and stormwater engineering can coincide successfully.

Rehabilitate native floodplain ecologies

Urban Stepdown

Floodplain Fringe

A riverfront hub serving as the center of recreation and activity, linking the park to the downtown core

Floodable landscape that immerses visitors in the dynamic fluctuation of natural, flood resiliency

Associate the new riverfront with the existing urban fabric of Selinsgrove

Stormwater Strategy

Absorb

Filter

Discharge

Wetland Retention Basin Route 11 Underdrain Overflow Drain

Activate forgotten land for surrounding communities

Elevated

Overlook

An immersive perspective of the restored, hydric vegetation along the creek banks

Here, visitors are invited to stop and observe and learn about the fluvial activity that shapes Penn’s Creek

Underdrain

Filtration Tank

Runoff Tank Overflow Holding Tanks

Towards Isle of Que Greywater Reserve

Towards Detention Pond

RENEWING URBANISM

Inspiring a cohesion of urban nodes through the design of a template, multifunctional space Barcelona, Spain | 2018

In Barcelona, Spain there is a active struggle amongst designers and planners to strike a comfortable balance between the needs of tourists and residents within the city. In Barcelona’s Old City, ancient Roman relics and Medieval churches attract waves of tourists transforming plazas and streetscapes into a transient and unfavorable form of urbanism, wholly void of locals. The intention of this design effort is to re-establish locals as the primary user group within these high-traffic areas while defining space for the tourists as temporary inhabitants. The monumental architecture and its perimeter of transitional space is tourist-centric while the pocket spaces defined by that architecture should cater to the permanent population The site currently exists as a pocket space, nestled in the shadows of five surrounding buildings near the historic core of Barcelona. A voltes grasses, or Spanish elevated garden, stands 18 feet tall at the center of the space terminating any linear views through the site. Sub-terrain ruins, leftover from ancient Roman civilizations, are hidden by the ground

plane, existing as a historic exhibit unbeknownst to the hundreds of tourists that traverse the site each day. Because of the visual screen of the voltes grasses, visitors tend to enter the site from Carrer dels Capellans, observe Joan Fontcuberta’s famous “The World Begins with Every Kiss” mosaic, then exit without ever engaging, or even learning about the site’s historic features. My design strategy seeks to program the site in a way that exposed and exhibited the below ground ruins, the elevated garden, and the mural’s location at eye level while breaking up the visual screen that divided the space in two. To do so I utilized variations in verticality that enables visitors to visually and physically engage the various layers of art and history that exist on site. The introduction of Roman columns to support the elevated garden instead of the existing solid structure breaks up the visual barrier, reads history at a glance, draws attention to the garden atop and maintains the mural’s highlighted orientation on site.

Site Plan

Site

Circulation

Ma gale nes

Carrer de Duran i Bas Playground

Vegetated Canopy

Car

rer d e

les

Aqueduct

Restaurant

Existing Site Features Archaeology

Not uncommon for a site in Barcelona, Roman ruins lie just below the plaza’s ground plane and make up the infrastructure of the Voltes Grasses.

Retail Corridor

A strong commercial shopping presence keeps the site active at most hours of the day Elevated Garden

Mural

Art

Pedestrian Injection

The adjacent Catedral de Barcelona and nearby Placa de Catalunya draw numbers of tourists through, and around the site

els Sag

ella

Vehicular

The lack of severing vehicular roads allows for a comfortable pedestrian environment around the site

els

Cap

The Voltes Grasses, or elevated garden, is a beautiful feature of the site but is unaccessible to the public and impedes views through the space.

rer d

Ecology

Spatial Zones

Carrer d

Joan Fontcuberta’s famous “The World Begins with Every Kiss” mosaic is located at the southern end of the site and attracts groups of tourists throughout most of the day.

Car

ristans

Design Theory

Existing

Proposed

Site Section Visual Obstruction

Filtered View

Elevated garden facade obstructs the view of the plaza’s north end

The facade of the elevated garden is peeled back to reveal the Roman ruins and remainder of the plaza

Elevated garden facade obstructs the view of the plaza’s north end

Aqueduct channel for roof runoff

Site Furnishing and Materiality Forming Identity

Greywater used in retail bathrooms

Overflow to sewers

Contemporary Corten Steel

Local

Play

Circulation

Roman

Compacted Gravel

Rubber Tiles

Linear Pavers

Loose Cobblestone

Rainwater Cistern

Construction Drawings

Scupper

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LPS 1106.50

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1103 1104

TS 1105.00 BS 1102.00

ELEVATED BOARDWALK 1099.00

LPS 1105.50 TS 1108.00 BS 1105.00 BC 1105.20 TC 1105.70

HPS 1108.50

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RDI 1105.50

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BC 1106.30 TC 1106.80

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BC 1106.40 TC 1106.90

5% BC 1108.70 TC 1109.20

RDI 1109.50

BC 1105.80 TC 1106.30

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1109 1110

BC 1107.80 TC 1108.30

BC 1107.60 TC 1108.10

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2.2%

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BC 1106.80 TC 1107.30

1.8%

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TS BS TC BC

TOP OF STAIR BOTTOM OF STAIR TOP OF CURB BOTTOM OF CURB PROPERTY LINE 1' CONTOURS 5' CONTOURS CURBCUT DRAIN/RAISED DRAIN INLET PIPES

Photography

Brooklyn, New York

Barcelona, Spain

Tarragona, Spain

New York, New York

Tarragona, Spain

Duisburg-Meiderich, Germany

Copenhagen, Denmark

Minori, Italy

Copenhagen, Denmark

Molanlanden, Netherlands

Duisburg-Meiderich, Germany

Essen, Germany

Duisburg-Meiderich, Germany

Landscape Architecture Portfolio Sean Sweeney 54

Pennsylvania State University School of Arts & Architecture

(718) 612-8097 sps5380@psu.edu sweeneys3366@gmail.com

Essen, Germany