C E N T R E F O R B R I T I S H C U LT U R E , A R T A N D S T U D I E S SEASON TSE
INITIAL IMPRESSION OF BUDAPEST
INTRODUCTION
CO N T E N T
06 08
CITY ANALYSIS SITE ANALYSIS
CONCEPT
12 OPPORTUNITY 13 PROGRAMMING & SITE RESPONSE 14 CITY SCULPTURE PARK
FORM
04
16 SITE PLAN 18 PLANS 26 SECTION 28 ELEVATION
VISUAL 32 34
CITY GARDEN EXHIBITION SPACE
ENVIRONMENTAL & TECTONIC 36 ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES 38 STRUCTURAL STRATEGIES & MATERIALITY 40 DETAILING SECTION 42 TECTONIC MODEL POST-CRIT REFLECTION
INTRODUCTION
THE COLLAGE CITY - BUDAPEST Budapest is a muti- cultural city located in the East-central of Europe. It is most important industrial, commercial and cultural centre of the region and the gateway of Western Europe to the East. Founded in 1873, the city was formed by the unification of three former cities: Buda, Pest and Óbuda. Their separate unique structural characteristics of the can still be seen nowadays – from the beautiful greeneries and Baroque style on the Buda side to the homogeneous courtyard building blocks on the Pest side. The Danube is the main artery of the city, connected by 9 distinctive bridges. Budapest is an ever-evolving and extremely optimistic city. After World War II, more than 80% of its buildings destroyed or damaged. The revitalisation was exceptionally rapid and full of optimism. Their positivity to the future is still remain today, construction work could be seen everywhere, especially on the Pest side. I can sense that the Hungarians are constantly seeking ways to improve the quality of living.
THE BRIEF “You live a new life for every new language you speak. if you know only one language, you live only once.” – Czech Proverb
Figure Ground Diagram of Budapest
Learning a new language offer a window to a new culture, as well as art, films, music and literature. For this project, it is to design a Centre for British Art, Culture, and Studies. The aim of the centre is to encourage cross-cultural exchange with Hungary. The centre will include Language Centre, Multi-Media Library, a Cinema/Theatre/Performance Space, Art Exhibition Spaces, a contemporary British Pub, supporting Administrative functions, and associated Outdoor Space.
05
C I T Y A N A LY S I S
Density
06
INTRODUCTION
Connection & Public Green Spaces
THE FOLLOWING DIAGRAMS ILLUSTRATE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN BUDA (LEFT) AND PEST (RIGHT).
Districts
Topography
Spacing
Social Class & Education
Population
Daily Transport
Public Space As A Buffer Zone Into The City
07
S I T E A N A LY S I S
THE LOCATION Bástya Utca – Veress Pálné Utca Corner, 5th Distrcit, Downtown Pest The site is a block away form the inner boulevard . In the area, there are a mixture of residential, educational and commercial buildings. It has good public transport links but with restricted car access.
LACK OF ‘USABLE’ PUBLIC SPACE Because the current plaza is next to the busy main road with barely any sitting areas , no much outdoor activities and social gathering can be seen.
08
INTRODUCTION
View & Visual Connection to Buda
View In From the Main Street & Enclosure Created By Surrounding Buildings
Pedestrian Access, Vernacular Access & Public Transports
Grid
Public Squares & Green Courtyards
Main Flow Of Pedestrian Into The City
Sun Path & Prevailing Wind
09
S I T E A N A LY S I S
THE MEDIEVAL CITY WALL The feature of the site is the largest surviving section of the medieval city wall exposed on its South boundary. In the past, there was a joined courtyard house similar to the neighbouring building. However, the building got destroyed in the war, remaining the 6 m tall ancient stonewall. Currently, the historical value of the stonewall cannot be fully appreciated - it is used as a car park and the existence of the wall is neglected.
Neighbouring Buildings
Lightwell
Next Door Courtyard House
Unique Roofscape on the East Side
Neighbouring Residential Building
The Medieval Wall
Entrance of Next door Courtyard House
Negative Space Between Buildings
THE TENSION BETWEEN THE OLD & THE NEW There is a great mix of medieval and newly refurbished buildings around the area. Although there is not a specific language between buildings, there is a respectful relationship between the old and the new. One of the interesting aspects of the site is to be able to see the unique roofscape of the east side. The collision of rooftops is one of the evident of Hungarian renewal.
10
INTRODUCTION
THE DYNAMIC SKY Because of the dense development pattern on the Pest side, the connection to the sky has became increasingly important. When I went to the site the dramatic sunset had really grabbed my attention; the site was flooded with warming sunlight and the adjacent buildings were framing the view out to Buda. Conceptual model expresses the congestion of space created between buildings. It highlights the contrast light and darkness which we often experience in Budapest. In my design, I am retaining this important axis and bringing in this beautiful scenery into the building.
11
OPPORTUNITIES “First life, then spaces, then buildings.”
12
- Jan Gehl
CONNECTION
CROSS- CULTURAL EXCHANGE
THE WORLD LANGUAGE
GREEN PUBLIC SPACE
By locating the Cultural Centre on the Pest side, I wish to attract residents from Buda to experience the energetic part of city.
Similarly to the Institut Francais and Goethe Institut, the Culture Centre is to promote cultural diversity by providing information on the British culture. This includes the exchange of art, films, music, talks, theatre and literature.
98% of local’s first language is Hungarian. Learning an important second language would improve their lives and employment prospects. By providing English classes and workshops, it increases the interaction between people from different background.
There is an opportunity to create a more intimate public space for local to relax in the fast-moving city. Pedestrianised streets and auto-moblie free square tend to increase the outdoor activities.
CONCEPT
PROGRAMMING & SITE RESPONSE
13
C I T Y S C U L P T U R E PA R K "What attracts people most, it would appear, is other people" W H Whyte - The Social Life of Small Urban Spaces
The sculpture park is a public breakout space in the congested city. It offers packets of sitting areas for people to relax and creates opportunity to meet people. By improving the quality of public space, the area will become more lively and make the living conditions of the local better.
14
CONCEPT
Inspired by English gardens and London’s parks, the sitting areas would be surrounded by sculptures, as if they are part of the landscape. No one would be sitting alone on the circular benches. Integrating the indoor exhibition space inviting and easily accessible, which allow people to move freely in and out these inspirational spaces.
THE EXHIBITION SPACE The double-height exhibition space uses the medieval as a backdrop. The space offers a flexible exhibition area, allowing the artists the freedom to showcase their work in the most powerful manner.
15
SITE PLAN
Model @ 1:200 16
FORM
17
G R O U N D F LO O R P L A N
1. Entrance 2. Reception 3. Indoor Exhibition 4. Lovas Ilona Projection Room 5. Outdoor Exhibition/ Public Plaza 6. Plant Room 7. Meeting Room 8. British Pub Bar Area 9. Indoor Sitting Area 10. Outdoor Sitting Area 11. Kitchen 12. Staff Amenities 13. Store Room 14. Bicycle Parking Area
View From The Entrance Revealing The Medieval Wall 18
FORM
8
1
11
3 4
9 13
2
6
7
7
12
5 10
14
19
F I R S T F LO O R P L A N
1. Open Office 2. Director’s Office 3. I.T. Manager’s Office 4. Server Room 5. Equipment Store 6. Exhibition Store 7. Waiting Area 8. Theatre/ Cinema/ Muti-Purpose Room 9. Backstage/ Store Room 10. Plant Room
S E CO N D F LO O R P L A N
Bleacher Seating The seatings in the theatre are retractable to provide a flexible space to accommodate various activities throughout the day.
20
FORM
1. Language Centre Administrative Office 2. Staff room 3. Teaching Room 4. Student Breakout Area 5. Kitchenette 6. Projector Room 7. Store Room
1
7 6 10
4
8 2
5
3
9
7 5
1
4
6
3 2
21
T H I R D F LO O R P L A N
1. Teaching Room 2. Stair Connecting to the 1/F Student Breakout Area 3. Communal Roof Top Garden/ Outdoor Cinema
F O U R T H F LO O R P L A N
1. Information Desk 2. Book+Equipment Store 3. General Book Stacks 4. Reference Book Stacks 5. General Reading 6. I.T. Area
22
FORM
2
3
1
1
1
5
1 2
1
4 3
6
23
F I F T H F LO O R P L A N
1. Quiet Study Area 2. DVD/CD/Video/ Cassettes Listening Area 3. General Reading Area 4. I.T. Area 5. Terrace
A place for quiet contemplation in a fast moving city. 24
FORM
3 5 1 2
4
25
3.3 LO N G S E C T I O N
1. Quiet Study Area 2. General Reading Area & I.T. Area 3. Terrace 4. General book stacks 5. Teaching Room 6. Staff Room 7. Breakout Area 8. Indoor Exhibition 9. Open Office 10. Plant Room 11. Meeting Room 12. Projector Room 13. Theatre/ Cinema/ Muti-Purpose Room 14. Waiting Area 15. Kitchen 16. British Pub
26
FORM
1
2
3
4
5
5
2
5
3
6
12
5
7
13 10
9
14 8 15
16
10
11
11
27
W E S T E L E VAT I O N
28
FORM
29
N O R T H E L E VAT I O N
30
FORM
31
V I S UA L - C I T Y G A R D E N
32
VISUAL
33
V I S UA L - E X H I B I T I O N S PA C E
34
VISUAL
35
E N V I R O N M E N TA L S T R AT E G I E S DOUBLE SKIN FACADE NATURAL VENTILATION UNDER FLOOR HEATING & COOLING SYSTEM SOLAR ROOFING South Facing Photovoltaics To Maximise Solar Gain
NATURAL LIGHTING ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING Energy Saving lighting Control System & High Efficiency LED Lighting
DUAL FLUSH SYSTEM & GREY WATER RECYCLING RAINWATER HARVESTING GROUND SOURCE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM BICYCLE PARKING SPACE Promoting cycling and walking for the locals and tourists
GREENERY 36
ENVIRONMENTAL
DOUBLE SKIN FACADE
NATURAL VENTILATION
LIGHTWELL
RAINWATER HARVESTING
ORIENTATION
- Improve thermal performance of windows - Enable natural air exchange in heavily polluted, noisy, windy locations - Individually controllable multileaf glass facades - Sound insulation - Maximise constant North light into working and study areas - Facade can be pre-fabricated and brought into site
Open plan library to encourage cross ventilation minimise reliance on artificial cooling and heating.
It highlights the unique texture of the medieval wall and brings in diffused light into the exhibition area and circulation space.
The East and West facing glazing warms up the building in the morning and the evening.
Manual controlled openings in teaching rooms allow single side ventilation.
ROOFLIGHT
The roof structure provides a suitable collection point for an effective rainwater harvesting system. Rigid insulation provides the necessary slope for rainwater harvesting over a finish of plastic roof sealing layer. The collected water will be filtered to provide sufficient water for irrigation and flushing toilets.
It is backed up by mechanical ventilation system.
It brings in optimum sunlight into the open plan double height library. It provides view up to the sky.
The East facing atrium brings in welcoming morning sunlight to the Entrance Hall and circulation area.
GROUND SOURCE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM Ground source heat pump produces hot water for the underfloor heating by extracting heat from the ground in the Winter and produces cool water in the Summer by pumping excess heat into the ground.
The North-facing translucent facade provides constant daylight for all the teaching rooms in the Learning Centre and Study Areas in the Library. 37
S T R U C T U R A L S T R AT E G I E S & M AT E R I A L I T Y The marriage between the new and the old
PRECEDENT
Budapest Music Centre Preserving the historical element and emerge it into the building.
Neues Museum Berlin Respectful and subtle. Bring fresh life to it without losing the old fabric, its charm and its ghosts
Laban Dance Centre Floating, unreal quality, well integrated into its surroundings
38
TECTONIC
STRUCTURAL STEEL FRAME
HOLLOW CORE POLYCARBONATE SLAB
LOW EMISSIVITY COATED DOUBLE GLAZING
The lightweight structure is suitable for the dense urban fabric, it creates a sensation of openness. The steel frame structure is based on a 9x 7m grid with cross bracing on one bay for structural stability. The material is made by recycled steel, which saves primary resources and reduces carbon footprint.
It is a stiff, safe and lightweight material which has and inexpensive when compared to other assemblies. For a 50 mm sheet, the U- value is about 0.9W/m2K, which is lower than double glass unit. The high thermal stability and translucent quality of the material is ideal for the North-facing facade since it reduces heat loss and bring in constant natural daylight into study areas throughout the day. The slabs are assembled by tongue and groove.
The glazing panels are comprised of toughened glass and safety glass with Krypton gas within the glazing cavity. The inert gas reduce convection between glass panes. The low-E heat reflecting coating on the inner surface of the glass and the cavity reduce heat and noise transfer. The U-value is about 0.8W/m2K. It brings in optimum sunlight and offers clear view out in the social areas.
ALUMINIUM FRAME The lightweight aluminium frame supports the outer leaf of the double skin facade. The 600mm wide stainless steel platforms in between the skins enable cleaning and maintenance work for the facade.
SLIMFLOOR PRECAST HOLLOW CORE CONCRETE FLOOR Slimfloor construction provides a steel-concrete floor construction of minimum depth. The steel beams are embedded within the slab depth and pipe work can be integrated into the floor slab. The floor plates are repeated - rooms with similar function are stacked above each other. This reduce the amount of pipe work needed; modular fittings and furniture can be used.
PRECAST CONCRETE WALL
BORED PILES FOUNDATION
The precast concrete units is made by recycled aggregate that provides thermal mass and solid wall for pipe work. It is a time-saving and cost-effective method that can be erected very quickly. The modular concrete slabs are casted into manageable sizes for transportation to the construction site.
The building sits upon rafter slabs which is founded on bored piles. It will prevent crack damage to the surrounding buildings during construction.
39
D E TA I L I N G S E C T I O N ROOF CONSTRUCTION
EXTERNAL WALL CONSTRUCTION
- Plastic Roof Sealing Layer - 50mm Thermal Insulation - Anodized Aluminium Ventilation Louvres - Triple- Layer Transparent Polycarbonate slabs (50x500mm) - Anodized Aluminium Frame
- Concrete 150mm - DPM 2mm - Insulation 150mm - Plaster Board Finish 10mm
DOUBLE SKIN FACADE CONSTRUCTION
FOUNDATION
- Triple-layer transparent Polycarbonate Hollow Cellular Slabs 50/500mm - Aluminium SHS 50/50/5mm - Insulation 100mm - Galvanised Steel SHS Rail 80/80/4 - Galvanised Steel SHS Post 80/80/4 - Aluminium RHS post 50/120 - Double Glazing 10mm Toughened Glass + 16 mm Cavity+ Safety Glass 2x6mm
- Polished Concrete - Screen 75mm with Under Floor Heating Pipes - Thermal Insulation 100mm - DPM 2mm - Hardcore 150mm - Pile Foundation
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
LIGHTWELL
- Polished Concrete - Screen 75mm with Under Floor Heating Pipes - Separating Layer - Thermal & Sound Insulation - Asymmetrical I-BEAM 500mm supporting Precast Concrete Slab 200mm - Plaster Board Finish 10mm
40
TECTONIC
I- Beam 120mm supported by Structural Gutter inserted onto the exisiting Party Wall
Scale @ 1:20
41
T E C TO N I C M O D E L
42
TECTONIC
43
T E C TO N I C M O D E L
44
TECTONIC
45
POST CRIT REFLECTION DEVELOPMENT
First Crit
The overall response was very positive. Here are some suggestions by the critics: The facade requires another layer of thought. Should there be windows on the North facing facade? Does the double skin certain need to continue all the way to the auditorium block?
Tectonic Crit
Does the facade of the auditorium need to follow the site boundary? The cross-bracing on the South-facing side is oversized. Trusses can be used which can span over 60m. The landscaping layout can be explore more in depth. the landscape and building need to be a similar language. Final Crit
46