+I.R.D-Integrated Rural Development-Revoking the faded Herb-life of Courtallam!
FOOD PRODUCTIVITY
URBAN-RURAL POPULATION
“GR(AM)EEN” to bridge urban and rural divide. Providing education, health and work opportunities in smaller towns will lead to a new revolution of reverse migration. The people who were migrated to cities in search of better job opportunities, better health facilities or better education for their children do not aspire to do so if the same possibilities would have been available in their native villages.
Tirunelveli stands in 14th position -4.2% with area of 86397 ha. And gross cropped area 200703 ha. 43.0 % of Paddy area to Gross Cropped area.
+ BENEFICIARY POPULATION
+ POPULATION PROJECTION %
+ LAND USE CHANGES IN 30 YEARS
72%
1998- 329 hectares (13% of LPA) land is being put to developed use which is mainly residential. 2018- 60 % of the area is residential in which 20% of LPA will be restored for agriculture practice. FUTURE- 59% of land is for Agricultural use. 25% of land is proposed for residential use and 9% area under Industrial use. 1998
At present, approximately 60% of developed area is put to residential use concentrated on southwest part of local planning area and rests of the uses are less than 15% of developed uses.
Migration from rural to urban has brought in an imbalance in the eco system of our Indian society. Poor people migrate for better livelihood called as push of rural while rich migrated for a better life style called as pull of urban.
+ DEMOGRAPHICS OF THE STUDY AREA
+ LOCATION OF SELECTED AREA-WHY TIRUNELVELI..? Tirunelveli was in 11th place, 2011 for food productivity; now it’s in 14th place, 2017 The Southern Agro-climatic zone. Min.temp.18°C | Max.temp.40°C. Soil Types - Loamy and clayey are the soil types.
1998 - Major part of the LPA is undeveloped and covered by dry agricultural fields, but scattered residential developments have occurred in all parts of the Local Planning Area.
+ THE ASCENT, THE DESCENT AND EVERYTHING IN BETWEEN...!! Our mode of development has resulted in overcrowded, polluted megacities, denuding rural areas of talent. The smog in Delhi, the crowded roads of Bangalore, the floods in Chennai just speak of the effects of overcrowded megacities. Reverse migration maybe the perfect solution for India 2020.
+ EDUCATION - LITERACY
2018 + OCCUPATION - CULTIVATION %
+ LANDUSE PATTERN Courtallam is situated at an elevation of about 550 feet on the southern bay in the Western Ghats, boasts delightful forest scenery, a temple of repute and an exceptionally cool climate.
+ NOTABLE SEASON
+ FOOTFALL PER ANNUM TO TENKASI - From Ilanji to Tenkasi is 7.5 Kms, full of agriculture farms and lakes. Later, flooded with saw mills and industrial spaces. Agricultural areas along the stretch towards Tenkasi were aggloromated for real estate purposes.
A
B
TO COURTALLAM - After crossing Thiru Ilanji Kumaran Koil and Lake, the main road starts to flooded with Mango and Coconut gardens. Later, Courtallam were filled with resorts and guesthouse for toursits.
I.R.D - 01
+ EXTENTS OF RIVER VALLEY SETTLEMENT PATTERN
+ SITE EXPERIENCES WITH NATURE AT IT’S BEST
Courtallam falls
Chittaru Lake
+ CONCEPT LEARN FROM THE NATURE
+ CHITTARU RIVER VALLEY
+ HOSPITALS/PRIMARY CARE UNIT
+ OCCUPATION INFLUENCES PEOPLE
+ EDUCATION/SCHOOLS
+ MERCHANTIZING -THE NEED TO MOVE
+ INSTITUTION/COLLEGE
+ REGIONAL PLANNING & TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE All the building materials should be found within five miles of the site” Mahatma Gandhiji+Ar.Laurie Baker’s “Low-cost techniques should not be considered only for the poor — our aim should be to design only the simplest of buildings for all.”
+ LACK OF HOLISTIC FOCUS
+ TRANSPORTATION CORRIDOR DRIFT
+ DAILY MARKET/SANDHAI
Separate flagship schemes targeting different sectors such as health (NRHM), education (SSA) and livelihood (NREGA, NRLM). The “IRD” concept could address challenges comprehensively as it focus on the special needs of every village.
SEED UNIT COMMUNITY
CHITTARU RIVER
COMMUNITY
STATE HIGHWAY
EDUCATION
VILLAGE ROAD
HEALTH
ECONOMY
INNER ROADS
+ UNPLANNED CHOATIC DEVELOPMENT
HEALTH
BUSINESS
EDUCATION
+ Central place theory - Walter Christaller An attempt to explain the spatial arrangement the number, size and location of human settlements in a residential system to assert that settlements simply functioned as ‘central places’ providing services to surrounding areas. The suggested norms and standards are only indicative and can be suitably modified depending upon the local conditions both physical and environmental.
NORMS - DISTANCE
Markets
Transport/Traffic
Administrative
I.R.D - 02
+ QUALITY OF LIFE! SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT!!
1 COURTALLAM.
2 MELAGARAM.
3 ILANJI.
Population: 2368 | M: 1182 | F: 1186 Households: 556 Area (sq.m): 7.7 Occupation: Farming, Resort owners. Crops: Vegetables, Millets, Water source: Seasonal falls, Lakes and from ground pumps. (Earlier 30ft present 150ft)
Population: 17572 | M: 8782 | F: 8790 Households: 4518 Area (sq.m): 6.6 Occupation: Farming, Crops: Vegetables, Paddy, Millets, Maze Water source: Lakes, river, reservoir and ground pumps. (Earlier 40ft present 300ft)
Population: 12390 | M: 6192 | F: 6198 Households: 3445 Area (sq.m): 8.0 Occupation: Farming, Pottery. Crops: Vegetables, Paddy, Ground nut Water source: North & South Ilanji Lakes, also from ground pumps. (Earlier 25ft present 200ft)
Major stretch started to develop as resorts and stay places for tourists. Negative impacts from tourism occur when the level of visitor use is greater than the environment's ability to cope with this use within the acceptable limits of change.
On contrary, daily wages in agricultural lands has risen because of scarcity for agricultural labour. This rise of wages has some impact on containing people to migrate. (Rs. 400 per day for male and Rs. 180 for female).
While the agriculture is seasonal and most of them didn’t used to have constant earnings and is also substantially less than urban wage levels; this had also contributed to the rural-urban migration. Native pottery and potters were slowly fading.
+ BUILT-FORMS PROPOSED AFTER EXTENSIVE SITE STUDY FOR BETTER RURAL LIFESTYLE.
I.R.D - 03
A V-FRAME MODEL- VERSATILE | AESTHETIC
+ INTEGRATED RURAL ENHANSEMENT An ecovillage Is an intentional or traditional community using local participatory processes to holistically integrate dimensions of sustainability in order to regenerate social and natural environments of the study area. FOUNDATION: Random rubble trench
EDUCATION
EN T NM IR O
FLOORING: Red oxide flooring OPENINGS: Wooden louver window
EN V
+ Locally available materials
IRD
+ Traditional architecture
+ Practices and techniques
+ Design for improvement
+ Hybrid of all goodness
+ REFLECTIVE ROOFING
+ V-ROOF MODULE SHADING
E
ECONOMY
SELECTED STUDY AREA - SITE PICTURES
+ Development with nature
O MP
ROOFING: Jack arch roof China mosaic tiles Teracotta filler slab Madras terrace roof Bamboo space frames
H E A LTH
R WE
SUPPORTS: Twisted brick column
+ Retaining cultivatable area
ON
+ Site existing features
TI AC ER INT
WALLS: Rat trap bond Brick jalli walls
+ V-ROOF WATER GUTTER
+ BAMBOO SPACE FRAME
+ FUNICULAR SHELL ROOF
Pot tile roofing Curved gutter Bamboo rafters
Rat trap bond
Overall site 3D Bird’s eye view
Red oxide finish P.C.C flooring Fine Sand filling Random Rubble Bamboo plant
Human eye view-Treatment spaces
Rammed earth
+ RUBBLE FOUNDATION
+ TWISTED BRICK COLUMN
+ SWIMMING POOL
2. DETAILED SECTIONAL ELAVATION - MINIATURE MODEL (Construction Details)
Human eye view-Site entry
+ FLOORING DETAILS
+ FENESTRATION
I.R.D - 04
The Site is an 11.5 Acres cultivatable barren cum land sited across the SH-40, Courtallam, Tenkasi. It is located at the heart of the study area which provides the people a scope to elevate their traditional practice, techniques and learn it together.
SITE SECTION - 11’ AGRICULTURAL AREA
TREATMENT SPACES
INSTITUTION ACCOMODATION
THERAPEUTIC GARDEN
INTERPRETATION AREA RECREATIOINAL AREA
+ MASTER PLAN OF THE SITE (Top view) & SITE SECTIONAL ELEVATION
OPEN AIR THEATRE
HERBAL HOOP HOUSES SANDHAI AREA
I.R.D - 05
+ HERBAL INTERPRETATION CENTRE The Herbal Interpretation centre is the treasure library to hold the intellects about the traditional herb life of the Kani people (tribes) their knowledge on medicinal herbs in the Western Ghats. Considering the current rate of deforestation and migration of youngsters in search of jobs in cities also with the concurrent loss of biodiversity, there is a need for accurate documentation of the knowledge and experience of the traditional herbalists. HERBAL INTEPRETATION CENTRE - SECTION
HERBAL INTEPRETATION CENTRE - GROUND FLOOR PLAN
HERBAL INTEPRETATION CENTRE - FIRST FLOOR PLAN
I.R.D - 06
+ HERBAL REASEARCH AND INSTITUTION SPACE An Ayurvedic Naturopathy Institution & Research centre is a pioneer learning space with a intake of 50 students/ (5)year that involves of ayurvedic treatments with respective treating spaces.
HERBAL RESEARCH AND INSTITUTION CENTRE - SECTION
HERBAL RESEARCH AND INSTITUTION CENTRE - FIRST FLOOR PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
I.R.D - 07
+ COMMUNITY (SANDHAI) MARKET AND SHOP AREA The Daily Market Area (Sandhai) is an attempt to enhance the villager’s livelihood. In the agricultural marketing, the middleman exploits the hard work and money of farmers as well as the consumers. Farmer’s market (Uzhavar Sandhai) helps the native farmers to get their own profit by selling them directly to the consumers.
FARMER’S DAILY MARKET AREA (Small Shops 3mx3m) -SECTION FARMER’S DAILY MARKET AREA (Large Shops 5mx4m) -SECTION
FARMER’S DAILY MARKET AREA (Large Shops 5mx4m) -ELEVATION
FARMER’S DAILY MARKET AREA (Small Shops 3mx3m) -ELEVATION
FARMER’S DAILY MARKET AREA (Sandhai) -PLAN
FARMER’S DAILY MARKET AREA (Kiosks) -ELEVATION
I.R.D - 08
+ HERBAL TREATMENT AND ACCOMODATION SPACE In order to create sustainable livelihoods and empowerment for women in the region, there is a dedicated space for herbal garden, nursery, agricultural plots. Women grow herbs in hoop houses and prepare herbal medicines (post harvesting process) to sell them instead of making tobacco cigars
Ethnobotany tries to study the relationship between humans and nature. Ethnic people are highly knowledgeable about the plants and their medicinal values. This knowledge is passed through oral communication from generation to generation.
HERBAL TREATMENT AREA- SECTION
HERBAL TREATMENT AREA- FLOOR PLAN
HERBAL TREATMENT AREA- ELEVATION
I.R.D - 09
+ STIMULATED HERB GARDEN (Research) CONCEPT ‘LEARN FROM NATURE’ The design will have sufficient light and ventilation and totally built of a material that are obtainable within a radius of five miles of it. Cost-effectiveness, respect for nature, use of locally available materials, create low-cost, beautiful plus aesthetic, high quality buildings. Nature never wastes anything, it uses its waste as a resource for another process thereby completeing the cycle with no residual waste for benifits of everybody. It used minimum amount of energy in all process like water cycle, plant cycle, air cycle etc,. In this project all the services have been designed so as to use the waste as a resource to close the loop. The Integrated Rural Development could reduce a household’s dependency on high-frequency urban living. This would open up a new wave of peri-urbanism and rural development, allowing a more sustainably distributed density of people.
HERBAL GARDEN - PREPARATION STAGE
HERBAL MARKET (Kiosk) - PERSPECTIVE VIEW
HERBAL GARDEN - PLANTING STAGE
HERBAL GARDEN - EVOLUTION STAGE
The post harvesting herb and medicinal plant processing methods could change the life and livelihood of the women. It will also promote women empowerment ineffective way. And taking baby steps initially would lead to a campaign at the National level once the fruits of this effort start bearing fruits, which surely would be visible for all to see sooner than expected. And it promotes socio-economic development of the Nation, as Ayurveda herbal knowledge were the treasures of ancient Indians.
8 BAMBOO FRAME 9 BLACK CLOTH COVER
FINAL VIEW
7 BAMBOO POLES
6 HOOP COVERS
INITIAL VIEW
5 STIMULATED TEMPERATURE 1 PIT OF 2.4MX2.6M
The ‘T’ range of 18 - 21 degrees is required. Prepare the soil with a healthy dose of compost and slow release fertiliser, and ensure it is free draining.
2 MANURE BED 10MM THK
4 SELECTED HERBAL PLANT
3 GARDEN BED PITS
Provide optimal light levels for plant. Some plants grow best under high-intensity light, like full sunlight. Others may require at least partial shade.
I.R.D - 10